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1
Damyanova, Evelina, and Aleksey Benderev. "Characterization of the Karst water regime in the Danube catchment area (Bulgaria)." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 96, no. 1 (2016): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd1601011d.
Анотація:
The purpose of study is to estimate the role of karst springs in the formation of the flow of the Bulgarian rivers that are right tributaries of the Danube River. The study area includes the region from the Danube River to the main ridge of the Balkan (Stara Planina), representing a major water divide that separates the Black Sea catchment area from the Aegean one. The eastern border represents the watershed between the Danube and the Black Sea hydrological zones. From a geological point of view, the northern part of the area is located on the Moesian platform and the southern part belongs to the Fore Balkan and Balkan areas where various types of rocks of different geologic age outcrop. In some of them, there are conditions for the formation of karst water. In the northern part of the area they form distinct aquifers that gradually sink to the north; this is so called "platform" type of karst. In the southern mountainous part there are numerous karst basins. The most significant of karst springs are included in the national groundwater monitoring network. The hydrographs of karst springs are analyzed in view of the specific features of karstification. To classify the studied springs with respect to their regime, several indicators are used. Furthermore, the role of karst waters in the river runoff of the Bulgarian tributaries of the Danube River is assessed.
2
Papadopoulos, Vassilis P., Aristides Bartzokas, Themistoklis Chronis, Dimitris Georgopoulos, and George Ferentinos. "Factors Regulating the Air–Sea Heat Fluxes Regime over the Aegean Sea." Journal of Climate 25, no. 2 (January 15, 2012): 491–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jcli4197.1.
Анотація:
Abstract The authors examine the impact of low-frequency atmospheric forcings on the air–sea heat fluxes over the Aegean Sea. The correlation between the air–sea heat flux components and three established [North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), east Atlantic–western Russian pattern (EAWR), and North Sea–Caspian pattern (NCP)] and two testing climatic indices of potential effect over the eastern Mediterranean Sea region underlines significant discrepancies between the radiative (shortwave and longwave radiation) and the turbulent (sensible and latent heat) components. The NAO index affects the air–sea heat fluxes over the Aegean Sea region much less than the two innovative indices, the “Mediterranean index” and the “Eastern Europe index,” which play more effective roles. Moreover, the influence of the sea level atmospheric pressure (SLP) variability over an extended area (Europe and North Africa) on surface fluxes regime is investigated. The SLP anomalies are corroborated as a prominent regulating factor of the air–sea heat fluxes over the Aegean Sea region, especially during the cold season of the year. The analysis of the extreme values in the heat exchange anomalies for the period 1958–2001 highlights the role of SLP field on determining the air–sea heat fluxes regime, mainly during winter, when, occasionally, large amounts of heat loss from the sea surface trigger the mechanism of intermediate- and deep-water formation. It is suggested that wind regime and turbulent components are the modulators of the net air–sea heat flux anomalies throughout the year.
3
Seeliger, Martin, Anna Pint, Peter Frenzel, Nick Marriner, Giorgio Spada, Matteo Vacchi, Sait Başaran, et al. "Mid- to late-Holocene sea-level evolution of the northeastern Aegean sea." Holocene 31, no. 10 (June 28, 2021): 1621–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09596836211025967.
Анотація:
We combined biostratigraphical analyses, archaeological surveys, and Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) models to provide new insights into the relative sea-level evolution in the northeastern Aegean Sea (eastern Mediterranean). In this area, characterized by a very complex tectonic pattern, we produced a new typology of sea-level index point, based on the foraminiferal associations found in transgressive marine facies. Our results agree with the sea-level history previously produced in this region, therefore confirming the validity of this new type of index point. The expanded dataset presented in this paper further demonstrates a continuous Holocene RSL rise in this portion of the Aegean Sea. Comparing the new RSL record with the available geophysical predictions of sea-level evolution indicates that the crustal subsidence of the Samothraki Plateau and the North Aegean Trough played a major role in controlling millennial-scale sea-level evolution in the area. This major subsidence rate needs to be taken into account in the preparation of local future scenarios of sea-level rise in the coming decades.
4
ZERVAKIS, V., and D. GEORGOPOULOS. "Hydrology and circulation in the North Aegean (eastern Mediterranean) throughout 1997 and 1998." Mediterranean Marine Science 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2002): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.254.
Анотація:
The combination of two research projects offered us the opportunity to perform a comprehensive study of the seasonal evolution of the hydrological structure and the circulation of the North Aegean Sea, at the northern extremes of the eastern Mediterranean. The combination of brackish water inflow from the Dardanelles and the sea-bottom relief dictate the significant differences between the North and South Aegean water columns. The relatively warm and highly saline South Aegean waters enter the North Aegean through the dominant cyclonic circulation of the basin. In the North Aegean, three layers of distinct water masses of very different properties are observed: The 20-50 m thick surface layer is occupied mainly by Black Sea Water, modified on its way through the Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara and the Dardanelles. Below the surface layer there is warm and highly saline water originating in the South Aegean and the Levantine, extending down to 350-400 m depth. Below this layer, the deeper-than-400 m basins of the North Aegean contain locally formed, very dense water with different θ /S characteristics at each subbasin. The circulation is characterised by a series of permanent, semi-permanent and transient mesoscale features, overlaid on the general slow cyclonic circulation of the Aegean. The mesoscale activity, while not necessarily important in enhancing isopycnal mixing in the region, in combination with the very high stratification of the upper layers, however, increases the residence time of the water of the upper layers in the general area of the North Aegean. As a result, water having out-flowed from the Black Sea in the winter, forms a separate distinct layer in the region in spring (lying between “younger” BSW and the Levantine origin water), and is still traceable in the water column in late summer.
5
Jönsson, L. "SeaWiFs satellite data analysis of Black Sea water discharge pattern into the Aegean Sea." Water Science and Technology 46, no. 8 (October 1, 2002): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0180.
Анотація:
Satellite data from the SeaWiFS sensor has been used to determine chlorophyll-a contents in the North Aegean Sea using SEADAS 3.3 software. The data is used to extract knowledge on water movements/flow phenomena using chlorophyll as a “tracer” but will also indicate water quality. More than 100 SeaWiFS scenes from 1998 up to 2001 have been analyzed in terms of hydrodynamic phenomena, mainly the transport and spreading pattern of Black Sea Water in the North Aegean Sea but also concerning the water quality and its seasonal and yearly variation at the mouth region of the Dardanelles. Some comparison with earlier studies using NOAA AVHRR thermal data and historical CZCS scenes is also made.
6
Samanidou, Victoria F. "Conference Report: Analytical chemistry in the Aegean Sea region: current status." Bioanalysis 4, no. 24 (December 2012): 2875–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio.12.263.
7
Sakellariou, D., J. Mascle, and V. Lykousis. "Strike slip tectonics and transtensional deformation in the Aegean region and the Hellenic arc: Preliminary results." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 2 (January 24, 2017): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11098.
Анотація:
Recently acquired offshore seismic and swath bathymetry data from the Hellenic Arc, the Ionian Sea and the South and North Aegean Sea, including the Hellenic Volcanic Arc and the Cyclades plateau, along with geological and tectonic data from Plio-Quaternary basins exposed on the Hellenic Arc indicate that strike slip tectonics has played a major role in the southwestward extension of the Aegean crustal block, the development of the offshore neotectonic basins and the spatial distribution of the volcanic activity along the Volcanic Arc. Transtensional deformation, accommodated by (sinistral or dextral) strike slip zones and related extensional structures, prevail throughout Plio-Quaternary, since the North Anatolian Fault broke westwards into the North Aegean. Incipient collision of the Hellenic Forearc south of Crete with the Libyan promontory and consequent lateral escape tectonics led to the segmentation of the Hellenic Arc in distinct blocks, which move southwestwards independently from each other and are bounded by strike slip faults.
8
Kourafalou, V. H., and K. Barbopoulos. "High resolution simulations on the North Aegean Sea seasonal circulation." Annales Geophysicae 21, no. 1 (January 31, 2003): 251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-251-2003.
Анотація:
Abstract. The seasonal characteristics of the circulation in the North Aegean Sea are examined with the aid of a climatological type simulation (three-year run with perpetual year forcing) on a fine resolution grid (2.5 km by 2.5 km). The model is based on the Princeton Ocean Model with a parameterisation of plume dynamics that is employed for the input of waters with hydrographic properties that are different than the properties of basin waters, as the Black Sea Water (BSW) outflow through the Dardanelles Strait and riverine sources. The model is nested with a sequence of coarser regional and basin-wide models that provide for the long-term interaction between the study area and the Eastern Mediterranean at large. The results are employed to discuss the response of the North Aegean to the important circulation forcing mechanisms in the region, namely wind stress, heat and salt fluxes, buoyancy due to rivers and the BSW outflow (which is low in salinity and occasionally low in temperature) and the interaction with the Southern Aegean. The high resolution allows for the detailed representation of the complicated topography that presides in the region. This helps produce a rich eddy field and it allows for variability in the pathways of BSW that has implications in the basin hydrography and circulation.Key words. Oceanography: general (continental shelf processes; numerical modeling)
9
Poulos, Serafim E., George Ghionis, and Hampik Maroukian. "Sea-level rise trends in the Attico–Cycladic region (Aegean Sea) during the last 5000 years." Geomorphology 107, no. 1-2 (June 2009): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.05.022.
10
Jolivet, Laurent, Romain Augier, Claudio Faccenna, François Negro, Gaetan Rimmele, Philippe Agard, Cécile Robin, Federico Rossetti, and Ana Crespo-Blanc. "Subduction, convergence and the mode of backarc extension in the Mediterranean region." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 179, no. 6 (November 1, 2008): 525–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.179.6.525.
Анотація:
Abstract 30-35 Ma ago a major change occurred in the Mediterranean region, from a regionally compressional subduction coeval with the formation of Alpine mountain belts, to extensional subduction and backarc rifting. Backarc extension was accompanied by gravitational spreading of the mountain belts formed before this Oligocene revolution. Syn-rift basins formed during this process above detachments and low-angle normal faults. Parameters that control the formation and the kinematics of such flat-lying detachments are still poorly understood. From the Aegean Sea to the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Alboran Sea, we have analysed onshore the deformation and P-T-t evolution of the ductile crust exhumed by extension, and the transition from ductile to brittle conditions as well as the relations between deep deformation and basin formation. We show that the sense of shear along crustal-scale detachments is toward the trench when subduction proceeds with little or no convergence (northern Tyrrhenian and Alboran after 20 Ma) and away from the trench in the case of true convergence (Aegean). We tentatively propose a scheme explaining how interactions between the subducting slab and the mantle control the basal shear below the upper plate and the geometry and distribution of detachments and associated sedimentary basins. We propose that ablative subduction below the Aegean is responsible for the observed kinematics on detachments (i.e. away from the trench). The example of the Betic Cordillera and the Rif orogen, where the directions of stretching were different in the lower and the upper crust and changed through time, is also discussed following this hypothesis.
11
Melnikova, Elena, and Natalya Kuzminova. "Growth of horse mackerel populations in the western parts of the Black, Marmara, and Aegean seas." Fisheries & Aquatic Life 28, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aopf-2020-0002.
Анотація:
AbstractThis study estimated the growth of horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner), populations from the western parts of the Black, Marmara, and Aegean seas. Dependencies of individual daily weight gain at age were determined. The calculations showed that in the area studied the highest absolute weight gain was 45.4 mg day−1 for fish at the age of 2.46 years from Zonguldak (Black Sea). The relative annual increase in the population biomass of T. mediterraneus inhabiting different areas of the Black, Marmara and Aegean seas was determined. It was revealed that the annual relative increase in the biomass of horse mackerel caught in the Black Sea exceeded that in the Marmara and Aegean seas. At the same time, the highest relative annual biomass increase (94.8%) was observed in populations from the Varna-Bourgas region and in the coastal waters of Sevastopol (70.9%) in the Black Sea.
12
Pappa, F. K., D. L. Patiris, G. Eleftheriou, C. Tsabaris, M. Kokkoris, R. Vlastou, and H. Kaberi. "Dispersion of 137Cs concentration in the basins of the Aegean Sea." HNPS Proceedings 19 (January 1, 2020): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.2525.
Анотація:
The anthropogenic radionuclide 137Cs is used as a valuable oceanographic tracer for the study of sea water masses identification and water movement. In the present work, 137Cs activity concentrations have been investigated in deep basins of Aegean Sea. Seawater samples were collected from five different sampling stations, during scientific oceanic campaigns from the period March to April 2008. The applied methodology was based on the adsorption of radiocaesium from dissolved AMP (Ammonium Phosphomolybdate Hydrate) in 20 L water samples. Moreover, during the pre- concentration procedure, the 134Cs was used as reference tracer for determining the chemical efficiency and consequently to measure the activity concentration in a High Purity Ge detector. In terms of vertical records, the activity concentration in the selected basins ranged between 3-8.5 Bq/m3, depending on the region and the depth of the basins. The higher concentration (8.5 Bq/m3) was found in the region between Lemnos Island and the narrows of Dardanelles. The maximum concentrations were observed at the North Aegean Sea basins, between 20 and 40 m of depth, caused by the water masses coming from the Black Sea. At the Cretan Sea the vertical activity concentration of 137Cs was homogeneous down to 2000 m depth, with an exception at the 800 m where it was decreasing significantly due to the transient deep-water masses from Adriatic Sea.
13
Kourafalou, V. H., and K. P. Tsiaras. "A nested circulation model for the North Aegean Sea." Ocean Science Discussions 3, no. 3 (May 30, 2006): 343–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-343-2006.
Анотація:
Abstract. A multi-nested approach has been employed for numerical simulations in the northern part of the Aegean Sea in the framework of the MFSTEP (Mediterranean Forecast System: Toward Environmental Predictions) project. The high resolution (~1.6 km) hydrodynamic model of the North Aegean Sea (NAS) has been nested within a coarser model of the Eastern Mediterranean (resolution ~3.6 km) which is also nested within a basin scale model for the Mediterranean Sea (resolution of ~7 km). The high resolution of the NAS model allows the representation of topographic details that have never been reproduced in modelling studies of the region. Such details can enhance the simulation of coastal features, but can also influence basin-scale processes, such as the pathways of waters of Black Sea origin inflowing at the Dardanelles Straits and bifurcating through island passages. We employ comparisons of the North Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean models in terms of computed flow fields and distribution of hydrodynamic properties, to evaluate the nesting procedure, the initialization requirements and the ability of a nested model to perform reliable short term simulations that employ high resolution atmospheric forcing, when initialized from a longer running coarser OGCM. We show that the topographic details of the high resolution, nested NAS model mostly affect the distribution of the Dardanelles plume, while the imposed high frequency, high resolution atmospheric forcing allows for the formation of an overall energetic flow field after a few days of spin-up period. A longer initialization procedure is suggested for the establishment of stronger currents and better developed buoyant plumes.
14
Kourafalou, V., and K. Tsiaras. "A nested circulation model for the North Aegean Sea." Ocean Science 3, no. 1 (January 24, 2007): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-3-1-2007.
Анотація:
Abstract. A multi-nested approach has been employed for numerical simulations in the northern part of the Aegean Sea in the framework of the MFSTEP (Mediterranean Forecast System: Toward Environmental Predictions) project. The high resolution (~1.6 km) hydrodynamic model of the North Aegean Sea (NAS) has been nested within a coarser model of the Eastern Mediterranean (resolution ~3.6 km) which is also nested within a basin scale model for the Mediterranean Sea (resolution of ~7 km). The high resolution of the NAS model allows the representation of topographic details that have never been reproduced in modelling studies of the region. Such details can enhance the simulation of coastal features, but can also influence basin-scale processes, such as the pathways of waters of Black Sea origin inflowing at the Dardanelles Straits and bifurcating through island passages. We employ comparisons of the North Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean models in terms of computed flow fields and distribution of hydrodynamic properties, to evaluate the nesting procedure, the initialization requirements and the ability of a nested model to perform reliable short term simulations that employ high resolution atmospheric forcing, when initialized from a coarser OGCM. We show that the topographic details of the high resolution, nested NAS model affect the distribution of the Dardanelles plume and the evolution of coastal currents, while the imposed high frequency, high resolution atmospheric forcing allows for the formation of an overall energetic flow field after a few days of spin-up period. Increased resolution and smaller coastal depth in the NAS simulations influence the flow through island passages and straits. A longer initialization procedure results in the establishment of stronger currents and better-developed buoyant plumes.
15
Karkani, Anna, and Niki Evelpidou. "Multiple Submerged Tidal Notches: A Witness of Sequences of Coseismic Subsidence in the Aegean Sea, Greece." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 4 (April 14, 2021): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9040426.
Анотація:
In some islands of the Aegean, there is evidence of the occurrence of repeated rapid subsidences during the Late Holocene. In this paper, the shape of tidal notches that may be well-preserved underwater is recalled in order to reconstruct sequences of coseismic subsidences and other relative sea-level changes, which occurred during, at least, the last few millennia. A reanalysis of the published measurements of submerged tidal notches in several islands reveals that subsidence trends in many areas of the Aegean are not continuous with gradual movement but, also, are the result of repeated coseismic vertical subsidences of some decimetres at each time. The estimated average return times are of the order of approximately some centuries to one millennium. Although the results cannot be used for short-term predictions of earthquakes, they may provide useful indications on the long-term tectonic trends that are active in the Aegean region.
16
Görür, N., A. M. C. Sengör, M. Sakinü, R. Akkök, E. Yiğitbaş, F. Y. Oktay, A. Barka, et al. "Rift formation in the Gökova region, southwest Anatolia: implications for the opening of the Aegean Sea." Geological Magazine 132, no. 6 (November 1995): 637–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800018884.
Анотація:
AbstractThe time of the onset and the nature of the extension in the Aegean area have been problematic owing to the confusion of neotectonic replacement structures with neotectonic revolutionary structures. This paper concerns two rift systems of different ages and orientations in the Gökova region of southwestern Anatolia. The first system has a northwest—southeast trend with a Middle to Upper Miocene infill, whereas the second system is orientated in an east—west direction and filled with Plio-Quaternary rocks. Structural and palaeomagnetic data indicate that the first system originally had a north—south trend, and then bodily rotated anticlockwise to its present orientation before the end of the Miocene. Both the orientations and the structural patterns of these cross-cutting rift systems suggest that they resulted from two different and successive tectonic régimes. Regional geology suggests that the generative régime of the older system was characterized by north—south compression and related to the palaeotectonic evolution of southwestern Anatolia, whereas that of the younger system is characterized by north-south extension and relates to the neotectonic evolution of this region. This inference contradicts, at least in southwestern Anatolia, some recent claims that the extensional tectonics and the related rift formation in the Aegean region began in the early Miocene, with the alleged demise of the compressional palaeotectonics during the late Oligocene, but is consistent with older views that placed the onset of north—south extension into the later middle Miocene. The formation of the Aegean Sea seems to be the result of these two complicated and contrasting, succesive tectonic regimes that have affected this region since middle Miocene times.
17
Komar, Paulina. "Aegean Enigma: The Rise and Fall of Vineyards during Antiquity." Electrum 27 (2020): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20800909el.20.002.12792.
Анотація:
This paper argues that the rise and fall of north and central Aegean wine exportations was caused by economic factors, such as changes in wine supply. It demonstrates that these wines disappeared from southern Gaul and central Tyrrhenian Italy when these areas started to locally produce their own wine. At the same time, north and central Aegean wines were also ousted from the Black Sea region by both local products and cheaper imports from the southern Aegean. This shows that supply and demand governed commercial activities during the Classical and Hellenistic periods, which provides new evidence regarding the nature of the ancient Greek economy.
18
Drakatos, G., and J. Drakopoulos. "3-D velocity structure beneath the crust and upper mantle of Aegean Sea region." Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH 135, no. 3 (March 1991): 401–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00879472.
19
Pe-piper, Georgia, and David J. W. Piper. "Spatial and temporal variation in Late Cenozoic back-arc volcanic rocks, Aegean Sea region." Tectonophysics 169, no. 1-3 (November 1989): 113–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(89)90186-8.
20
Carter, Tristan, Daniel A. Contreras, Justin Holcomb, Danica D. Mihailović, Panagiotis Karkanas, Guillaume Guérin, Ninon Taffin, Dimitris Athanasoulis, and Christelle Lahaye. "Earliest occupation of the Central Aegean (Naxos), Greece: Implications for hominin and Homo sapiens’ behavior and dispersals." Science Advances 5, no. 10 (October 2019): eaax0997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax0997.
Анотація:
We present evidence of Middle Pleistocene activity in the central Aegean Basin at the chert extraction and reduction complex of Stelida (Naxos, Greece). Luminescence dating places ~9000 artifacts in a stratigraphic sequence from ~13 to 200 thousand years ago (ka ago). These artifacts include Mousterian products, which arguably provide first evidence for Neanderthals in the region. This dated material attests to a much earlier history of regional exploration than previously believed, opening the possibility of alternative routes into Southeast Europe from Anatolia (and Africa) for (i) hominins, potentially during sea level lowstands (e.g., Marine Isotope Stage 8) permitting terrestrial crossings across the Aegean, and (ii) Homo sapiens of the Early Upper Paleolithic (Aurignacian), conceivably by sea.
21
Brennan, Michael L. "Ancient Shipwreck Survey and the Modern Submarine Landscape off Yalikavak, Turkey." Marine Technology Society Journal 43, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.43.1.1.
Анотація:
AbstractThe Aegean Sea has long been considered a prime location to search for shipwrecks from antiquity. An expedition in 2008 conducted surveys off the southwestern coast of Turkey in coastal waters deeper than 50 m. In addition to locating four ancient wrecks, we documented the condition of the modern landscape, which included heavy damage to the seabed and submarine features by trawling operations. A navigational boundary on the chart for this area delineates a region within which large vessels are prohibited from operating. All of the wrecks were found within this zone, but outside it very few targets were found with sonar. The modern impacts on the submarine landscape have masked potential areas where ancient sites may have once been. The scarred condition of the seafloor in large areas of the Aegean Sea is a result of trawling activity in the region. Studies of modern activities in coastal areas may help target areas in which wrecks may still be preserved today.
22
Makris, J. "GEOPHYSICAL STUDIES AND TECTONISM OF THE HELLENIDES." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43, no. 1 (January 19, 2017): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11158.
Анотація:
By constraining gravity modelling by Deep Seismic Soundings (DSS) and the Bouguer gravity field of Greece a 3-D density-velocity model of the crust and upper mantle was developed. It was shown that in the north Aegean Trough and the Thermaikos Basins the sediments exceed 7 km in thickness. The basins along the western Hellenides and the coastal regions of western Greece are filled with sediments of up to 10 km thickness, including the Prepulia and Alpine metamorphic limestones. The thickest sedimentary series however, were mapped offshore southwest and southeast of Crete and are of the order of 12 to 14 km. The crust along western Greece and the Peloponnese ranges between 42 and 32 km thickness while the Aegean region is floored by a stretched continental crust varying between 24 to 26 km in the north and eastern parts and thins to only 16 km at the central Cretan Sea. The upper mantle below the Aegean Sea is occupied by a lithothermal system of low density (3.25 gr/cm³) and Vp velocity (7.7 km/s), which is associated with the subducted Ionian lithosphere below the Aegean Sea. Isostasy is generally maintained at crustal and subcrustal levels except for the compressional domain of western Greece and the transition between the Mediterranean Ridge and the continental backstop. The isotherms computed from the Heat Flow density data and the density model showed a significant uplift of the temperature field below the Aegean domain. The 400°C isotherm is encountered at less than 10 Km depth. Tectonic deformation is controlled by dextral wrench faulting in the Aegean domain, while western Greece is dominated by compression and crustal shortening. Strike-slip and normal faults accommodate the western Hellenic thrusts and the westwards sliding of the Alpine napes, using the Triassic evaporates as lubricants.
23
Kushch, Tatiana. "Pirates of the Aegean: Eastern Mediterranean Sea Robbery in the 15th Century." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 6 (January 2020): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2019.6.19.
Анотація:
Introduction. Geopolitical changes in the Eastern Mediterranean following the Fourth Crusade destabilized the situation in the region which became the area of conflict of the Greeks, Latins, and Turks. Their rival caused the power vacuum which influenced political and economic development in the region under study. This article addresses the phenomenon of the 15th-century piracy in the context of ethnopolitical changes in the Aegean. Methods. Taking the results of the comparative analysis of Western European and Byzantine sources as the background, the author of this article evaluates the scope of the Eastern Mediterranean piracy and the place of this phenomenon in the political processes that changed the regional leader. Analysis. In the beginning of the period under study, Catalans and Genoese did a great part of sea robbery by plundering ships and devastating coastal areas. However, later on they gradually moved the focus of their actions to the Adriatic. The most important changes occurred in the actions of Ottoman pirates, who significantly enlarged their presence in the area in question. Under the unstable political situation in the area with an actually absent evident regional political leader, piracy became a tool of political struggle. The Turkish government used the struggle against the pirates as a way of strengthening its maritime power and the pretext for occupying new territories. Results. Shaping of Pax Turcica resulted in the gradual decrease of piracy by the late 15th century, and the stabilization of the Aegean and Pontic maritime traffic. From that time on, sea robbery concentrated in the waters of the Adriatic, Cyprus, and Levantine Seas where piracy continued flourishing.
24
Akyol, Okan, Aytaç Özgül, F. Ozan Düzbastılar, Halil Şen, José M. Ortiz de Urbina, and Tevfik Ceyhan. "Influence of some physico-chemical variables on wild fish richness beneath sea-cage fish farms in the Aegean Sea, Turkey." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 100, no. 7 (November 2020): 1171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315420001034.
Анотація:
AbstractThis study aims to determine the relationship between physico-chemical variables on a seasonal basis and wild fish assemblages beneath sea-cage fish farms. Assemblages of wild fish were counted monthly on two separate days at each of six fish farms between August 2015 and July 2017, by six rapid visual counts (RVC) in 5 minutes with scuba by two divers. Seawater samples were simultaneously taken by a Nansen bottle during the RVC from the fish farm barge. SST (°C), salinity (ppm), dissolved oxygen (mg l−1) and pH were measured by YSI multiparameter, while Secchi disk was also used for light transmittance. Wild fish species richness went up with increasing temperature and salinity in the Izmir region, however, this stopped at about 26°C and about 39 ppm. Wild fish richness increased when the DO was at a level of 7 mg l−1 and the pH at about 7.9 in Izmir. Between 10 and 20 m, light transmittance showed greater wild fish species richness in Izmir region. In contrast, the wild fish species richness of the Muğla region fluctuated more. In terms of wild fish species richness, these fluctuations increased with salinity and DO, while they decreased with SST, pH and light transmittance. However, the range of variation of the recorded physico-chemical variables is rather narrow. The results of the correlation matrix indicate that the relationship between wild fish species richness and pH and SST was statistically significant in Izmir region (P < 0.05).
25
Bezantakos, S., K. Barmpounis, M. Giamarelou, E. Bossioli, M. Tombrou, N. Mihalopoulos, K. Eleftheriadis, et al. "Chemical composition and hygroscopic properties of aerosol particles over the Aegean Sea." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 3 (March 6, 2013): 5805–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-5805-2013.
Анотація:
Abstract. The chemical composition and water uptake characteristics of sub-micrometer atmospheric particles in the region of the Aegean Sea were measured between 25 August and 11 September 2011 in the framework of the Aegean-Game campaign. High time-resolution measurements of the chemical composition of the particles were conducted using an airborne compact Time-Of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (cTOF-AMS). These measurements involved two flights from the island of Crete to the island of Lemnos and back. A Hygroscopic Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (HTDMA) located on the island of Lemnos was used to measure the ability of the particles to take up water. The HTDMA measurements showed that the particles were internally mixed, having hygroscopic growth factors that ranged from 1.00 to 1.59 when exposed to 85% relative humidity. When the aircraft flew near the ground station on Lemnos, the cTOF-AMS measurements showed that the organic volume fraction of the particles ranged from 43 to 56%. These measurements corroborate the range of hygroscopic growth factors measured by the HTDMA during that time. Good closure between HTDMA and cTOF-AMS measurements was achieved when assuming that the organic species were hydrophobic and had an average density that corresponds to aged organic species. Using the results from the closure study, the cTOF-AMS measurements were employed to determine a representative aerosol hygroscopic parameter κmix for the whole path of the two flights. Calculated κmix values ranged from 0.17 to 1.03 during the first flight and from 0.15 to 0.93 during the second flight. Air masses of different origin as determined by back trajectory calculations can explain the spatial variation in the chemical composition and κmix values of the particles observed in the region.
26
Bezantakos, S., K. Barmpounis, M. Giamarelou, E. Bossioli, M. Tombrou, N. Mihalopoulos, K. Eleftheriadis, et al. "Chemical composition and hygroscopic properties of aerosol particles over the Aegean Sea." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 22 (November 29, 2013): 11595–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11595-2013.
Анотація:
Abstract. The chemical composition and water uptake characteristics of sub-micrometre atmospheric particles over the region of the Aegean Sea were measured between 25 August and 11 September 2011 within the framework of the Aegean-Game campaign. High temporal-resolution measurements of the chemical composition of the particles were conducted using an airborne compact time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (cToF-AMS). These measurements were performed during two flights from the island of Crete to the island of Lemnos and back. A hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyser (HTDMA) located on the island of Lemnos was used to measure the ability of the particles to take up water. The HTDMA measurements showed that the particles in the dominant mode were internally mixed, having hygroscopic growth factors that ranged from 1.00 to 1.59 when exposed to 85% relative humidity. When the aircraft flew near the ground station on Lemnos, the cToF-AMS measurements showed that the organic volume fraction of the particles ranged from 43 to 56%. These measurements corroborate the range of hygroscopic growth factors measured by the HTDMA during that time. Good closure between HTDMA and cToF-AMS measurements was achieved when assuming that the organic species were less hygroscopic and had an average density that corresponds to aged organic species. Using the results from the closure study, the cToF-AMS measurements were employed to determine vertical profiles of a representative aerosol hygroscopic parameter κmix. Calculated κmix values ranged from 0.19 to 0.84 during the first flight and from 0.22 to 0.80 during the second flight. Air masses of different origin as determined by back trajectory calculations can explain the spatial variation in chemical composition and κmix values of the particles observed in the region.
27
Varnavas, S. P. "Submarine hydrothermal metallogenesis associated with the collision of two plates: The Southern Aegean Sea region." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 53, no. 1 (January 1989): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(89)90271-8.
28
Dormoy, I., O. Peyron, N. Combourieu-Neboutb, S. Goring, U. Kotthoff, M. Magny, and J. Pross. "Terrestrial climate variability and seasonality changes in the Mediterranean region between 15000 and 4000 years BP deduced from marine pollen records." Climate of the Past Discussions 5, no. 1 (February 27, 2009): 735–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-5-735-2009.
Анотація:
Abstract. Pollen-based climate reconstructions were performed on two high-resolution pollen – marines cores from the Alboran and Aegean Seas in order to unravel the climatic variability in the coastal settings of the Mediterranean region between 15 000 and 4000 cal yrs BP (the Lateglacial, and early to mid-Holocene). The quantitative climate reconstructions for the Alboran and Aegean Sea records focus mainly on the reconstruction of the seasonality changes (temperatures and precipitation), a crucial parameter in the Mediterranean region. This study is based on a multi-method approach comprising 3 methods: the Modern Analogues Technique (MAT), the recent Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling/Generalized Additive Model method (NMDS/GAM) and Partial Least Squares regression (PLS). The climate signal inferred from this comparative approach confirms that cold and dry conditions prevailed in the Mediterranean region during the Heinrich event 1 and Younger Dryas periods, while temperate conditions prevailed during the Bølling/Allerød and the Holocene. Our records suggest a West/East gradient of decreasing precipitation across the Mediterranean region during the cooler Late-glacial and early Holocene periods, similar to present-day conditions. Winter precipitation was highest during warm intervals and lowest during cooling phases. Several short-lived cool intervals (i.e., Older Dryas, another oscillation after this one (GI-1c2), Gerzensee/Preboreal Oscillations, 8.2 ka event, Bond events) connected to the North Atlantic climate system are documented in the Alboran and Aegean Sea records indicating that the climate oscillations associated with the successive steps of the deglaciation in the North Atlantic area occurred in both the western and eastern Mediterranean regions. This observation confirms the presence of strong climatic linkages between the North Atlantic and Mediterranean regions.
29
Dormoy, I., O. Peyron, N. Combourieu Nebout, S. Goring, U. Kotthoff, M. Magny, and J. Pross. "Terrestrial climate variability and seasonality changes in the Mediterranean region between 15 000 and 4000 years BP deduced from marine pollen records." Climate of the Past 5, no. 4 (October 19, 2009): 615–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-5-615-2009.
Анотація:
Abstract. Pollen-based climate reconstructions were performed on two high-resolution pollen marines cores from the Alboran and Aegean Seas in order to unravel the climatic variability in the coastal settings of the Mediterranean region between 15 000 and 4000 years BP (the Lateglacial, and early to mid-Holocene). The quantitative climate reconstructions for the Alboran and Aegean Sea records focus mainly on the reconstruction of the seasonality changes (temperatures and precipitation), a crucial parameter in the Mediterranean region. This study is based on a multi-method approach comprising 3 methods: the Modern Analogues Technique (MAT), the recent Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling/Generalized Additive Model method (NMDS/GAM) and Partial Least Squares regression (PLS). The climate signal inferred from this comparative approach confirms that cold and dry conditions prevailed in the Mediterranean region during the Oldest and Younger Dryas periods, while temperate conditions prevailed during the Bølling/Allerød and the Holocene. Our records suggest a West/East gradient of decreasing precipitation across the Mediterranean region during the cooler Late-glacial and early Holocene periods, similar to present-day conditions. Winter precipitation was highest during warm intervals and lowest during cooling phases. Several short-lived cool intervals (i.e. Older Dryas, another oscillation after this one (GI-1c2), Gerzensee/Preboreal Oscillations, 8.2 ka event, Bond events) connected to the North Atlantic climate system are documented in the Alboran and Aegean Sea records indicating that the climate oscillations associated with the successive steps of the deglaciation in the North Atlantic area occurred in both the western and eastern Mediterranean regions. This observation confirms the presence of strong climatic linkages between the North Atlantic and Mediterranean regions.
30
Pokalyuk, Volodymyr, Ihor Lomakin, and Ihor Shuraev. "Tectonolineament zones of east-north-east trending as constituent element of rhegmatogenic fault network of the Balkan-Black sea region." Ukrainian journal of remote sensing, no. 18 (November 9, 2018): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36023/ujrs.2018.18.134.
Анотація:
Structural geomorphological analysis of large scale 3D digital radar models of seabed landscape topography has allowed us to reveal within the Balkan-Black Sea region a system of tectonically formed subparallel trans-regional linear slab-shaped zones. On the map they appeared as ENE-directed throughout stripes, distanced approximately 100 km from each other. These linear zones are significant components of the rhegmatogenic fault network of the examined area, as you can see on the map: I — South Carpathian, II — Peri-Carpathian, III — Azov Adriatic, IV — Balkan Crimean, V — North Greek, VI — North Aegean, VII — North Anatolian. Without interfering with intra-regional geological elements, they intersect a wide range of diverse types of geological blocks with different structure, age and origin, and expand into the seabeds of the Black and Aegean seas. The general consistency of their spatial, morphologic structural and kinematic organization confirmes a uniform dynamic mechanism of their formation, likely connected to the planetary rotation-induced stress.
31
Özgür, Özge. "Byzantine Churches of Enez (Ainis) in Eastern Thrace." Chronos 31 (September 30, 2018): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31377/chr.v31i0.127.
Анотація:
The ancient city of Ainos was built on the east coast of the Maritsa (Meriç) river, where the river joins the sea. The city is located on the west of ancient Lake Stentoris (today Gala Lake) and was established on the 7th century BC as a colony of the Aiolians. The excavations at Ainos proved that the city was continuously inhabited since Neolithic era. Ainos was connected in the north to Adrianopolis by sea and by overland route, in the east to Gallipolis and Constantinople and was situated in a very important location. In 148 BC the city was conquered by the Romans and during the Byzantine era it became the capital of the Rhodope region of the Europa province. The location of the city attests its importance as a major commercial center. Today the ancient city of Ainos is situated 3.5 km inside from the coast. Throughout the prehistoric ages, Ainos had two ports and the point that Meriç (Maritsa) River joins today the sea used to be a gulf. Ainos, the most important port city of Eastern Thrace, besides joining the Aegean Sea with the hinterland of Eastern Thrace, was situated at the end of the shortest and most secure road between the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea. During the middle ages the city preserved its importance and as it continued to unite the Aegean islands to Thrace, it was a significant commercial center. Ainos remained a major commercial center until the beginning of the 19th century
32
CORSINI-FOKA, M., and G. KONDYLATOS. "First occurrence of Actaeodes tomentosus (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) (Brachyura: Xanthidae: Actaeinae) in the Mediterranean Sea." Mediterranean Marine Science 16, no. 1 (December 4, 2014): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.1113.
Анотація:
The presence of the crab Actaeodes tomentosus, native to the Indo-Pacific Ocean and the Red Sea, is documented for the first time in the Mediterranean Sea, on the basis of two specimens collected from Rhodes Island (Aegean Sea), a marine area particularly vulnerable to warm-water alien invasions. Along with the recent report of Xanthias lamarckii in similar conditions and region, the finding of another non-indigenous xanthid opens many questions regarding their occurrence in the area. Apart from the Lessepsian migration, other possible vectors of introduction are therefore examined.
33
KRAPP, FRANZ, CENGIZ KOCAK, and TUNCER KATAGAN. "Pycnogonida (Arthropoda) from the eastern Mediterranean Sea with description of a new species of Anoplodactylus." Zootaxa 1686, no. 1 (January 21, 2008): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1686.1.5.
Анотація:
Material of Pycnogonida was collected by scuba diving and snorkelling in the eastern Mediterranean Sea from the Aegean Sea to northern Cyprus in 1995–2002; some additional samples were taken in 2006 (mainly in Gencelli Cove, Turkey). This yielded the first record of Ammothella appendiculata for the region. A. longioculata and Callipallene spectrum are newly recorded for Turkey. A hitherto undescribed and tiny species of Anoplodactylus was found. The insufficiently known adult stage of Ammothella uniunguiculata is figured by SEM photograph.
34
Yabanli, M., S. Tay, and D. Giannetto. "Human health risk assessment from arsenic exposure after sea bream (Sparus aurata) consumption in Aegean region." Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 19, no. 2 (2016): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.905.
35
Tzanes, Georgios, Effrosyni Zafeiraki, Christiana Papapostolou, Dimitrios Zafirakis, Moustris Konstantinos, Kosmas Kavadias, Konstantinos Chalvatzis, and John K. Kaldellis. "Assessing the Status of Electricity Generation in the Non-Interconnected Islands of the Aegean Sea Region." Energy Procedia 159 (February 2019): 424–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.12.065.
36
Lolas, Alexios, Ioannis T. Karapanagiotidis, Panagiota Panagiotaki, and Dimitris Vafidis. "Spreading and Establishment of the Non Indigenous Species Caprella scaura (Amphipoda: Caprellidae) in the Central Region of the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean Sea)." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080857.
Анотація:
Caprella scaura is an invasive amphipod, native to the Indian Ocean, which has already spread to several regions of the world, including the Mediterranean Sea. The present study reports the first occurrence of the species on fish farms cages in Greece, in the Pagasitikos Gulf. Specimens were collected from colonies of the bryozoan Bugula neritina. Basic aspects of the population dynamics of the species, such as the population structure, sex ratio, and size frequency were studied for 13 months and tested for differences between two depth levels (30 cm and 5 m). Population density was significantly different between the two sampled depths. All the demographic categories were present during the whole study period, indicating that the species follows a continuous reproduction pattern in the region. Males were typically larger than females, but females were more abundant in most samples. It seems that the species is well established in the region and is probably moving towards the northern parts of the Aegean Sea.
37
Sofianos, S. S., N. Skliris, A. Mantziafou, A. Lascaratos, G. Zodiatis, R. Lardner, D. Hayes, and G. Georgiou. "Nesting operational forecasting models in the Eastern Mediterranean: active and slave mode." Ocean Science Discussions 3, no. 4 (August 8, 2006): 1225–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-1225-2006.
Анотація:
Abstract. Modern ocean operational systems involve different groups and tools, in different regions and scales. Blending all these in a unique system with reliable forecasting capabilities is an important task. The efficiency of nesting procedures between different scale and resolution models are crucial in determining whether the dynamics at the different scales are well represented at each level or the nesting technique suppresses the dynamical features emerging from individual modelling components. In the present work, we investigate the role of the initialization of telescopically nested and with double horizontal resolution forecasting systems in the Eastern Mediterranean, comparing the results between weekly initialized experiments ("slave'' mode) and "free'' runs ("active'' mode) at the regional (Aegean-Levantine area) and shelf (Cyprus) scale. It is found that, although the main circulation pattern remains similar, the differences in the domain mean kinetic energy between the "slave'' and the "active'' experiments in the Aegean-Levantine region are large in both September 2004 and January 2005, with the "active'' being much more energetic, while in the Cyprus area differences are significantly smaller. The most pronounced differences in the circulation and sea surface temperature and salinity fields are observed in the Aegean Sea, during September 2004, related to the inflow and spreading of the Black Sea Water, and the Rhodes Gyre, during January 2005, related to small-scale eddy activity developed and surviving in the "active'' mode experiment that decreases the area of the gyre.
38
Kkallas, Ch, C. B. Papazachos, B. N. Margaris, D. Boore, Ch Ventouzi, and A. Skarlatoudis. "Stochastic Strong Ground Motion Simulation of the Southern Aegean Sea Benioff Zone Intermediate‐Depth Earthquakes." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 108, no. 2 (January 16, 2018): 946–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120170047.
Анотація:
Abstract We employ the stochastic finite‐fault modeling approach of Motazedian and Atkinson (2005), as adapted by Boore (2009), for the simulation of Fourier amplitude spectra (FAS) of intermediate‐depth earthquakes in the southern Aegean Sea subduction (southern Greece). To calibrate the necessary model parameters of the stochastic finite‐fault method, we used waveform data from both acceleration and broadband‐velocity sensor instruments for intermediate‐depth earthquakes (depths ∼45–140 km) with M 4.5–6.7 that occurred along the southern Aegean Sea Wadati–Benioff zone. The anelastic attenuation parameters employed for the simulations were adapted from recent studies, suggesting large back‐arc to fore‐arc attenuation differences. High‐frequency spectral slopes (kappa values) were constrained from the analysis of a large number of earthquakes from the high‐density EGELADOS (Exploring the Geodynamics of Subducted Lithosphere Using an Amphibian Deployment of Seismographs) temporary network. Because of the lack of site‐specific information, generic site amplification functions available for the Aegean Sea region were adopted. Using the previous source, path, and site‐effect constraints, we solved for the stress‐parameter values by a trial‐and‐error approach, in an attempt to fit the FAS of the available intermediate‐depth earthquake waveforms. Despite the fact that most source, path, and site model parameters are based on independent studies and a single source parameter (stress parameter) is optimized, an excellent comparison between observations and simulations is found for both peak ground acceleration (PGA) and peak ground velocity (PGV), as well as for FAS values. The final stress‐parameter values increase with moment magnitude, reaching large values (>300 bars) for events M≥6.0. Blind tests for an event not used for the model calibration verify the good agreement of the simulated and observed ground motions for both back‐arc and along‐arc stations. The results suggest that the employed approach can be efficiently used for the modeling of large historical intermediate‐depth earthquakes, as well as for seismic hazard assessment for similar intermediate‐depth events in the southern Aegean Sea area.
39
Sanna, A., P. Lionello, and S. Gualdi. "Coupled atmosphere ocean climate model simulations in the Mediterranean region: effect of a high-resolution marine model on cyclones and precipitation." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 6 (June 19, 2013): 1567–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-1567-2013.
Анотація:
Abstract. In this study we investigate the importance of an eddy-permitting Mediterranean Sea circulation model on the simulation of atmospheric cyclones and precipitation in a climate model. This is done by analyzing results of two fully coupled GCM (general circulation models) simulations, differing only for the presence/absence of an interactive marine module, at very high-resolution (~ 1/16°), for the simulation of the 3-D circulation of the Mediterranean Sea. Cyclones are tracked by applying an objective Lagrangian algorithm to the MSLP (mean sea level pressure) field. On annual basis, we find a statistically significant difference in vast cyclogenesis regions (northern Adriatic, Sirte Gulf, Aegean Sea and southern Turkey) and in lifetime, giving evidence of the effect of both land–sea contrast and surface heat flux intensity and spatial distribution on cyclone characteristics. Moreover, annual mean convective precipitation changes significantly in the two model climatologies as a consequence of differences in both air–sea interaction strength and frequency of cyclogenesis in the two analyzed simulations.
40
Barbot, S., and J. R. Weiss. "Connecting subduction, extension and shear localization across the Aegean Sea and Anatolia." Geophysical Journal International 226, no. 1 (February 27, 2021): 422–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab078.
Анотація:
SUMMARY The Eastern Mediterranean is the most seismically active region in Europe due to the complex interactions of the Arabian, African, and Eurasian tectonic plates. Deformation is achieved by faulting in the brittle crust, distributed flow in the viscoelastic lower-crust and mantle, and Hellenic subduction, but the long-term partitioning of these mechanisms is still unknown. We exploit an extensive suite of geodetic observations to build a kinematic model connecting strike-slip deformation, extension, subduction, and shear localization across Anatolia and the Aegean Sea by mapping the distribution of slip and strain accumulation on major active geological structures. We find that tectonic escape is facilitated by a plate-boundary-like, trans-lithospheric shear zone extending from the Gulf of Evia to the Turkish-Iranian Plateau that underlies the surface trace of the North Anatolian Fault. Additional deformation in Anatolia is taken up by a series of smaller-scale conjugate shear zones that reach the upper mantle, the largest of which is located beneath the East Anatolian Fault. Rapid north–south extension in the western part of the system, driven primarily by Hellenic Trench retreat, is accommodated by rotation and broadening of the North Anatolian mantle shear zone from the Sea of Marmara across the north Aegean Sea, and by a system of distributed transform faults and rifts including the rapidly extending Gulf of Corinth in central Greece and the active grabens of western Turkey. Africa–Eurasia convergence along the Hellenic Arc occurs at a median rate of 49.8 mm yr–1 in a largely trench-normal direction except near eastern Crete where variably oriented slip on the megathrust coincides with mixed-mode and strike-slip deformation in the overlying accretionary wedge near the Ptolemy–Pliny–Strabo trenches. Our kinematic model illustrates the competing roles the North Anatolian mantle shear zone, Hellenic Trench, overlying mantle wedge, and active crustal faults play in accommodating tectonic indentation, slab rollback and associated Aegean extension. Viscoelastic flow in the lower crust and upper mantle dominate the surface velocity field across much of Anatolia and a clear transition to megathrust-related slab pull occurs in western Turkey, the Aegean Sea and Greece. Crustal scale faults and the Hellenic wedge contribute only a minor amount to the large-scale, regional pattern of Eastern Mediterranean interseismic surface deformation.
41
Psanis, C., E. Triantafyllou, M. Giamarelou, M. Manousakas, K. Eleftheriadis, and G. Biskos. "Particulate matter pollution from aviation-related activity at a small airport of the Aegean Sea Insular Region." Science of The Total Environment 596-597 (October 2017): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.078.
42
Stiros, S. C., J. Laborel, F. Laborel-Deguen, S. Papageorgiou, J. Evin, and P. A. Pirazzoli. "Seismic coastal uplift in a region of subsidence: Holocene raised shorelines of Samos Island, Aegean Sea, Greece." Marine Geology 170, no. 1-2 (October 2000): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-3227(00)00064-5.
43
Jackson, James, John Haines, and William Holt. "The horizontal velocity field in the deforming Aegean Sea region determined from the moment tensors of earthquakes." Journal of Geophysical Research 97, B12 (1992): 17657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/92jb01585.
44
Pappa, F. K., G. A. Kyriakidis, C. Tsabaris, D. L. Patiris, E. G. Androulakaki, H. Kaberi, V. Zervakis, M. Kokkoris, R. Vlastou, and E. Krasakopoulou. "Temporal variation of 137Cs profiles in Lemnos deep basin, North Aegean Sea, Greece." HNPS Proceedings 23 (March 8, 2019): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.1910.
Анотація:
137Cs activity concentration in seawater is an efficient radio-tracing technique to separate and identify the origin of different water masses along with depth. This technique has been applied for the study of deep basins at the North Aegean Sea [1], a marine region which is continuously enriched with 137Cs originated from the Black Sea, through the Dardanelles Straits. In this work, a second sampling campaign (from 2008 to 2013) was carried out in Lemnos’s deep basin and water quantities were collected from different depths. These quantities were chemically treated at HCMR to pre-concentrate 137Cs by using the AMP precipitation method [2]. The produced samples were measured by means of γ- ray spectroscopy. The 137Cs data profile in combination with other oceanographic data (salinity and temperature), provides significant information for the water masses origin with respect to depth. More specifically, at the surface layer, Black Sea water masses (characterized by enriched concentrations of 137Cs) are observed, with 137Cs concentrations about 4 Bq/m3. At the intermediate layers, Levantine water masses (characterized by low concentrations of 137Cs) appear with 137Cs activity reduced to 2 Bq/m3, while the deep layer dense water masses exhibit intermediate 137Cs concentrations of 3 Bq/m3. The 137Cs concentration results are compared with previous measurements performed in the same basin from 1999 to 2013, where the decline of 137Cs concentrations in the surface layer is observed and similar concentrations about 3 Bq/m3(within uncertainties) in the deep layer are obtained.
45
Ring, U., K. Gessner, S. Thomson, and V. Markwitz. "Along-strike variations in the Hellenide Anatolide orogen: A tale of different lithospheres and consequences." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 2 (January 24, 2017): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11096.
Анотація:
Structure and exhumation history of the Hellenide-Anatolide Orogen in the Aegean Sea region and the adjacent Anatolian peninsula is controlled by along-strike variations of pre-Alpine palaeogeography. In the Hellenides, Mesozoic extension created ribbon-like continental fragments of thinned and dense lithosphere that pinch out eastwards. In the east, the relatively large Anatolide microcontinent mostly escaped Mesozoic extension and lithospheric thinning, presumably because it had a distinctly different, thicker and more depleted lithosphere. In the Aegean transect these alongstrike differences in lithosphere structure ultimately resulted in sustained highpressure metamorphism followed by progressive slab retreat since about 60 Ma. Further east, collision of the Anatolide microcontinent at about 42 Ma formed a south verging greenschist-facies thrust-and-fold belt. Pronounced slab retreat in the Aegean forced differential extension resulting in a broad sinistral wrench corridor that started to from at 24-23 Ma. Since then, extension in both regions mainly controlled denudation. This review highlights how differences in pre-orogenic architecture control lithospheric thickening and the subsequent exhumation of high-pressure rocks, and how large-scale continental extension evolves
46
Bengil, Fethi, Sinan Mavruk, Zafer Kızılkaya, Elizabeth G. T. Bengil, Vahit Alan, and İnci Tüney Kızılkaya. "Descriptive Capability of Datasets as Proxy of Sea Water Temperature in Coastal Systems: An Evaluation from the Aegean Sea." Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 21, no. 12 (August 13, 2021): 627–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v21_12_05.
Анотація:
Scientific and technological progresses have introduced diverse data sources for seawater temperature over broad temporal and spatial ranges. Here, we investigated the performance of satellite and model-based seawater temperature data for different temporal composites and depths. We applied an in-situ temperature time-series obtained in a coastal bottom in the Aegean Sea over three years, as the reference. Both datasets showed largely significant relationships based on cross-correlation analyses and presented descriptive properties of the in-situ conditions at corresponding depths. Based on the results of analyses, the modeling datasets presented more reliable results and representations of in-situ conditions than the datasets obtained from satellite for the coastal region. However, the datasets obtained from the satellite also provided reliable data for all time frames investigated, particularly in the mixed surface layer. Monthly datasets were more effective in providing descriptive values in long term studies. This is the first detailed study to explore the descriptive capacities of modeling for water temperature in coastal environments. According to the results, the selection of a dataset as a proxy for seawater temperature requires careful consideration. The present study provides an extensive baseline for evaluating the suitability of the application of specific datasets as proxies in coastal ecosystems.
47
Korres, G., and A. Lascaratos. "A one-way nested eddy resolving model of the Aegean and Levantine basins: implementation and climatological runs." Annales Geophysicae 21, no. 1 (January 31, 2003): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-205-2003.
Анотація:
Abstract. The present study deals with the implementation of an eddy resolving model of the Levantine and Aegean basins and its one-way nesting with a coarse resolution (1/8° × 1/8°) global Mediterranean general circulation model. The modelling effort is done within the framework of the Mediterranean Forecasting System Pilot Project as an initiative towards real-time forecasting within the eastern Mediterranean region. The performed climatological runs of the nested model have shown very promising results on the ability of the model to capture correctly the complex dynamics of the area and at the same time to demonstrate the skill and robustness of the nesting technique applied. A second aim of this study is to prepare a comprehensive climatological surface boundary conditions data set for the Mediterranean Sea. This data set has been developed within the framework of the same research project and is suitable for use in ocean circulation models of the Mediterranean Sea or parts of it. The computation is based on the ECMWF 6-h atmospheric parameters for the period 1979–1993 and a calibrated set of momentum and heat flux bulk formulae resulted from previous studies for the Mediterranean region. Key words. Oceanography: general (numerical modelling); physical (general circulation; air-sea interactions)
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KOUKOUVELAS, IOANNIS K., and SOTIRIOS KOKKALAS. "Emplacement of the Miocene west Naxos pluton (Aegean Sea, Greece): a structural study." Geological Magazine 140, no. 1 (January 2003): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756802007094.
Анотація:
Synmagmatic and solid-state structures within the Naxos pluton and its rim may provide insight into the interplay between plutonism and regional deformation at upper-crustal level. Within the hornblende–biotite granite of western Naxos, synmagmatic foliations display two distinct patterns, onion-skin in the north and tangential to the rim in the south. The two areas are separated by the NE-trending Glinadon fault. Deformed mafic enclaves in the pluton are prolate, with their long axes parallel to the synmagmatic lineation. In contrast, phenocryst distribution analysis, using the Fry method, defines an apparent oblate strain with a horizontal stretching lineation. Planar markers within the pluton progressively steepen through the vertical at the east pluton border. Several lines of evidence, such as dykes intruding axial areas of rim-parallel folds, foliated or folded aplite veins, folds and spaced cleavage in the mollase, and inverted stratigraphy, suggest pluton emplacement and deformation during transpressional deformation. A northward divergent flow regime with magma spreading out mainly from the Naxos fault, and the deflection of both the synmagmatic foliation pattern and the flow lines at the Glinadon fault, suggest that the NE–SW- and N–S-trending faults were active during pluton formation. In the south the pluton has grown by the expansion of dykes occupying P-shear positions with respect with the Naxos fault; in the north a piecemeal block down-drop complements this process and favours voluminous magma concentration. During the late evolutionary stages of pluton construction, the magma chamber was compartmentalized into NE-trending sectors affected by block rotation in an anticlockwise manner. Understanding the role of faults in the emplacement of the Naxos pluton is important for understanding emplacement of other plutons in the Aegean Sea region, since most of them are controlled by N–S- (Ikaria pluton) or NE- (Tinos, Serifos and Delos plutons) trending faults.
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BARICHE, MICHEL, SARA A. A. AL-MABRUK, MARIA AYCA ATEŞ, ADNAN BÜYÜK, FABIO CROCETTA, MICHAIL DRITSAS, DIALA EDDE, et al. "New Alien Mediterranean Biodiversity Records 2020." Mediterranean Marine Science 21, no. 1 (April 2, 2020): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.21987.
Анотація:
The current article presents 18 new records from seven Mediterranean countries. These records include one rhodophyte, fournudibranchs, two crustaceans, one stingray and 10 bony fishes. They are grouped by country as follows: Lebanon - first record ofthe Striped bass Morone saxatilis, the stingray Himantura leoparda, the Areolate grouper Epinephelus areolatus and the Spot-finporcupinefish Diodon hystrix from various parts of the country; Turkey - first record of the invasive red alga Grateloupia turuturufrom the sea of Marmara (region of Bandırma), the sea slug Goniobranchus obsoletus and the crab Arcania brevifrons from theGulf of Antalya and the cladoceran Pleopis schmackeri from several locations along the Aegean Sea; Cyprus - first record of thealien sea slug Berthellina citrina from the region of Cape Greco and an observation of a butterflyfish Heniochus sp. from the northeasternside of the island; Greece - first record of the alien sea slug Anteaeolidiella lurana from the region of Heraklion in Creteand the record of the Atlantic spadefish Chaetodipterus faber and the Black surgeonfish Acanthurus cfr gahhm from SalaminaIsland; Slovenia - first record of the alien sea slug Thecacera pennigera from Izola; Italy - first record of the hybrid Striped bass(Morone saxatilis × Morone chrysops) from the northern Tyrrhenian Sea and a first record of the goldfish Carassius auratus fromthe region of Apulia; Libya - first record of the Red Sea goatfish Parupeneus forsskali and the African surgeonfish Acanthurusmonroviae, respectively from the eastern (Al-Tamimi area) and the western shore (Al-Khums area).
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Leptokaropoulos, K. M., E. E. Papadimitriou, B. Orlecka–Sikora, and V. G. Karakostas. "SEISMICITY RATE CHANGES IN ASSOCIATION WITH TIME DEPENDENT STRESS TRANSFER IN THE REGION OF NORTHERN AEGEAN SEA, GREECE." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43, no. 4 (January 25, 2017): 2093. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11400.
Анотація:
The region of northern Aegean has suffered several strong earthquakes since the beginning of the 20th century, causing extensive damage and loss of lives. For the seismic hazard assessment in the area, several studies have been accomplished, among them being the ones dealing with the Coulomb stress changes due to the seismic slip caused by major earthquakes, in addition with the constant tectonic loading on the major regional faults. The aim of the present study is to evaluate if seismicity rate changes from 1964 to 2008 are associated with changes in the stress field. For this purpose the stronger events (Μw>5.8) that occurred in this period were considered and their contribution to the stress field evolution was investigated by calculations performed just before and after their occurrence. This influence was then examined in connection with the occurrence rate of small events (Μw > 3.8) for the respective time intervals. After defining the probability density function (PDF) of the small events distribution, a rate/state model was used to correlate static stress changes with seismicity rate and to compare the observed with the expected seismicity rate for each time period.