Готові списки джерел за темами / Koshi River basin

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Koshi River basin"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 січня 2023

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Koshi River basin"

Kong, Bo, Wei Deng, Qing Wang, and Huan Yu. "Investigation and evaluation of agricultural water use in a least developed country – a case study in Koshi River basin, Nepal." Water Policy 21, no. 3 (March 7, 2019): 658–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2019.208.

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Abstract Water availability plays a key role in securing agricultural production and sustaining the income of farming households. Nepal is one of the countries most dependent on agriculture; more than 80% of the population works in agriculture, contributing to 35% of its total gross domestic product (GDP). As one of the longest rivers in Nepal, Koshi River is one of the main water supplies for agricultural activities. In recent years, due to the population growth and the climate change, there has been increasing stress on the water resources in Koshi River basin. Therefore, a comprehensive investigation of water availability in the basin area is required, prior to an effective strategy for water resources allocation and management. In this study, we provide a quantitative assessment of available water resources in Koshi River basin and highlight the trend of water availability for agricultural use. Moreover, we discuss the potential water-related risks for farming households in the basin area. The contribution of this study is to provide the basis for efficient water management strategies in Koshi River basin.

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Thakur, P. K., P. R. Dhote, A. Roy, S. P. Aggarwal, B. R. Nikam, V. Garg, A. Chouksey, et al. "SIGNIFICANCE OF REMOTE SENSING BASED PRECIPITATION AND TERRAIN INFORMATION FOR IMPROVED HYDROLOGICAL AND HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION IN PARTS OF HIMALAYAN RIVER BASINS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B3-2020 (August 21, 2020): 911–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b3-2020-911-2020.

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Abstract. The Himalayan region are home to the world’s youngest and largest mountains, and origins of major rivers systems of South Asia. The present work highlight the importance of remote sensing (RS) data based precipitation and terrain products such as digital elevation models, glacier lakes, drainage morphology along with limited ground data for improving the accuracy of hydrological and hydrodynamic (HD) models in various Himalayan river basins such as Upper Ganga, Beas, Sutlej, Teesta, Koshi etc. The satellite based rainfall have mostly shown under prediction in the study area and few places have are also showing over estimation of rainfall. Hydrological modeling results were most accurate for Beas basin, followed by Upper Ganga basin and were least matching for Sutlej basin. Limited ground truth using GNSS measurements showed that digital elevation model (DEM) for carto version 3.1 is most accurate, followed by ALOS-PALSAR 12.5 DEM as compared to other open source DEMs. Major erosion and deposition was found in Rivers Bhagirathi, Alakhnanda, Gori Ganga and Yamuna in Uttarakhand state and Beas and Sutlej Rivers in Himachal Pradesh using pre and post flood DEM datasets. The terrain data and river cross section data showed that river cross sections and water carrying capacity before and after 2013 floods have changed drastically in many river stretches of upper Ganga and parts of Sutlej river basins. The spatio-temporal variation and evolution of glacier lakes was for lakes along with GLOF modeling few lakes of Upper Chenab, Upper Ganga, Upper Teesta and Koshi river basin was done using time series of RS data from Landsat, Sentinel-1 and Google earth images.

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Zhang, Jian-qiang, Rong-kun Liu, Wei Deng, Narendra Raj Khanal, Deo Raj Gurung, Manchiraju Sri Ramachandra Murthy, and Shahriar Wahid. "Characteristics of landslide in Koshi River Basin, Central Himalaya." Journal of Mountain Science 13, no. 10 (October 2016): 1711–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11629-016-4017-0.

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Chinnasamy, Pennan. "Inference of basin flood potential using nonlinear hysteresis effect of basin water storage: case study of the Koshi basin." Hydrology Research 48, no. 6 (December 5, 2016): 1554–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2016.268.

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Abstract Current flood forecasting tools for river basins subject to extreme seasonal monsoon rainfall are of limited value because they do not consider nonlinearity between basin hydrological properties. The goal of this study is to develop models that account for nonlinearity relationships in flood forecasting, which can aid future flood warning and evacuation system models. Water storage estimates from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment, along with observed discharge and rainfall data were used to develop two multivariate autoregressive monthly discharge models. Model-I was based on rainfall only, while Model-II was based on rainfall and water storage estimates for the Koshi subbasin within the Ganges River basin. Results indicate that the saturation of water storage units in the basin play a vital role in the prediction of peak floods with lead times of 1 to 12 months. Model-II predicted monthly discharge with Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) ranging from 0.66 to 0.87, while NSE was 0.4 to 0.85 for Model-I. Model-II was then tested with a 3-month lead to predict the 2008 Koshi floods – with NSE of 0.75. This is the first study to use ‘fixed effects’ multivariate regression in flood prediction, accounting for the nonlinear hysteresis effect of basin storage on floods.

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Xue, Wu, Gao Jungang, Zhang Yili, Liu Linshan, Zhao Zhilong, and Basanta Paudel. "Land Cover Status in the Koshi River Basin, Central Himalayas." Journal of Resources and Ecology 8, no. 1 (January 2017): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2017.01.003.

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Agarwal, Anshul, Mukand S. Babel, Shreedhar Maskey, Sangam Shrestha, Akiyuki Kawasaki, and Nitin K. Tripathi. "Analysis of temperature projections in the Koshi River Basin, Nepal." International Journal of Climatology 36, no. 1 (April 17, 2015): 266–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.4342.

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Agarwal, Anshul, Mukand S. Babel, and Shreedhar Maskey. "Analysis of future precipitation in the Koshi river basin, Nepal." Journal of Hydrology 513 (May 2014): 422–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.03.047.

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Khadka, A., L. P. Devkota, and R. B. Kayastha. "Impact of Climate Change on the Snow Hydrology of Koshi River Basin." Journal of Hydrology and Meteorology 9, no. 1 (August 30, 2016): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jhm.v9i1.15580.

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Koshi river basin which is one of the largest river basins of Nepal has its headwaters in the northern Himalayan region of the country covered with perennial snow and glaciers. Increased warming due to climate change is most likely to impact snowpack of this Himalayan region. Snowmelt Runoff Model, a degree day based method, was used in this study to assess the snowmelt hydrology of the five sub-basins, viz. Tamor, Arun, Dudhkoshi, Tamakoshi and Sunkoshi of the Koshi river basin, with and without climate change impacts. The model has been fairly able to simulate the flow. Daily bias-corrected RCM data of PRECIS-ECHAM05 and PRECIS-HadCM3 for the period of 2041-2060 were used for future projection. A period of 2000-2008 was set as baseline period to evaluate changes in future flow. In climate change scenarios, magnitude and frequency of peak flows are expected to increase and snowmelt contribution to total river flows are likely to be more. Simulated flow results indicate that the annual flow would still be governed by monsoon flow even in the future under the climate change impact. A high probability of having more flows and snowmelt in 50’s decade than that in 40’s decade is seen. The estimated future flow by ECHAM05 is found more than those estimated by HadCM3 both seasonally and annually.Journal of Hydrology and Meteorology, Vol. 9(1) 2015, p.28-44

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Khanal, Narendra Raj, Jin-Ming Hu, and Pradeep Mool. "Glacial Lake Outburst Flood Risk in the Poiqu/Bhote Koshi/Sun Koshi River Basin in the Central Himalayas." Mountain Research and Development 35, no. 4 (November 1, 2015): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1659/mrd-journal-d-15-00009.

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Koirala, Saroj, Yiping Fang, Nirmal Mani Dahal, Chenjia Zhang, Bikram Pandey, and Sabita Shrestha. "Application of Water Poverty Index (WPI) in Spatial Analysis of Water Stress in Koshi River Basin, Nepal." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (January 19, 2020): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020727.

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Water and poverty interface is strongly interconnected and a robust assessment of water stress is crucial to identify needy areas and develop appropriate intervention for poverty reduction. Water Poverty Index (WPI) provides an interdisciplinary tool to assess water stress by linking physical estimates of water availability with socio-economic drivers of poverty. This study presents an application of Water Poverty Index (WPI) to estimate and compare the level of water stress in 27 districts of Koshi River Basin in Nepal. Based on data availability, relevance to the study area and review of literatures, 12 indicators were selected under five key components outlined by WPI. The study result shows medium-low degree (WPI = 54.4) of water poverty in the Koshi River Basin in Nepal. The WPI score varies widely (from 49.75 to 69.29) along the districts and it was found that districts in Tarai regions and urban areas were more water stressed compared to the districts in mid-hill and high-hill regions. Priorities for intervention must be given to the districts in Tarai regions and urban areas with a low WPI score, explicitly on the sector regarding access to water and sanitation to address water poverty in the basin.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Koshi River basin"

Kaini, Santosh. "Climate change impacts on river water availability for irrigation, crop irrigation water requirements and canal system capacity needs in an irrigation scheme in Nepal." Thesis, 2021. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/42511/.

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The impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture, accompanied by a growing population, have contributed to increasing food and water scarcity. Due to the continuing growth in population and changes in food requirement habits, the demand for agricultural products is increasing continuously. It has been projected that the rise in food demand will increase by 50-100% between 2009 to 2050. The irrigation sector plays a crucial role in the agricultural food production system, utilizing about 70% of the world‘s total annual water consumption. About 16% of the world‘s cropland is irrigated, accounting for about 44% of the world‘s food production. Climate variability influences water availability for agriculture, crop water demand, and crop grain yield, rendering global food security vulnerable to climate change. Research has shown that South Asia will face negative impacts on agriculture due to climate change, and food scarcity will increase if adaptation measures are not considered. In this regard, there is a need to investigate existing irrigation schemes by assessing the impacts of climate change on both the supply and demand sides of irrigation water simultaneously to cope with changes in future water availability and food scarcity. This research aims to holistically investigate the climate change impacts on both the supply and demand sides of irrigation water. The methodology developed in this research investigated climate change impacts on the supply and demand sides of irrigation water in the Sunsari Morang Irrigation Scheme in the Koshi River basin of Nepal. The irrigation command area is 68,000 hectares. With this background, the objective of this research is to assess the climate change impacts on the supply and demand sides of irrigation water. This research is divided into four major components. 1. Selection of global climate models and downscaling of global climate model outputs to assess climate change impacts on daily rainfall and temperature (minimum and maximum) in the river basin and irrigation command area. 2. Future impacts of climate change on river water availability at the main irrigation canal intake. 3. Crop water requirements due to climate change. 4. The irrigation canal system‘s hydraulic capacity requirements for irrigation water supply in the climate change context. Climate change is the main driver in assessing river water availability for irrigation, crop irrigation requirements, and canal system capacity needs for the future. In this study, climate change scenarios Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5 for the short-term (2016–2045), mid-century (2036–2065), and end-of-century (2071–2100) periods were considered. Representative General Circulation Models (GCMs) were selected for the study area under each climate change scenario and study period. Daily precipitation and temperature data based on selected GCMs were downscaled to a higher resolution (10 × 10 km2). The downscaled daily precipitation and temperature data were applied to assess the climate change impacts on water availability in the river, and irrigation water demand in the irrigation command area. The irrigation canal system capacity assessment was based on water availability in the river, and irrigation water demand. The selection of global climate models for a specific geographical location, with high capacities to represent the past and to project the likely future climate, is a crucial step when assessing climate change impacts. An advanced envelope-based selection approach for the selection of a representative global climate model has been used in this research to select a representative climate model for the Koshi River basin. A total of 105 GCM simulations and 78 GCM simulations were taken for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios respectively for the initial selection of GCMs. The GCMs selection process involved three steps: (a) initial model selection considering changes in climatic means (mean air temperature and annual precipitation), (b) refined model selection based on projected changes in climatic extremes, and (c) final model selection based on past performance. One GCM/ensemble was selected at each corner of four climate extremes (cold/dry, warm/dry, cold/wet, and warm/wet) for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 in the short-term (2016-2045), mid-century (2036-2065), and end-of-century (2071-2100) periods. After the selection of representative GCMs/ensembles, quantile mapping was applied for bias correction at a finer resolution of 10 km × 10 km. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model was used for hydrological modelling, and was calibrated and validated using observed river flow data measured near the headworks (intake) of the Sunsari Morang Irrigation Scheme in the Koshi River. Impacts of climate change on the flow of the Koshi River were projected for the short-term, mid-century, and end-of-century periods considering climate change scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 using downscaled daily precipitation and temperature data. The Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) crop model was selected for crop modelling, and was calibrated and validated using measured field data which included phenological development, biomass yield, and grain yield for the winter wheat crop in the Sunsari Morang Irrigation Scheme command area over two years. Impacts of climate change on the irrigation water demand, biomass yield, and grain yield were predicted for the short-term, mid-century, and end-of-century periods considering climate change scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, using downscaled daily precipitation and temperature data. In addition, the irrigation demand (mm/cropping period) required to reach potential wheat grain yields under current climate conditions was compared with observed irrigation practices and crop grain yield. The hydraulic capacity of the main canal networks in the Sunsari Morang Irrigation Scheme, in terms of water losses and flow carrying capacity, were assessed using the Personal Computer Stormwater Management Model (PCSWMM) hydraulic model, which was calibrated and validated using measured canal characteristics, discharge, flow velocity, and water depth data. Information on daily water availability at the headwork of Sunsari Morang Irrigation Scheme in the Koshi River, drawn from hydrological assessments, was used to estimate water intakes into the canal network system. Based on irrigation water availability at the headwork, and the amount of irrigation water required for winter wheat crops, (both present and future), the winter wheat crop area coverage and the water carrying capacity of the main canal were assessed. The key innovation of this research is the development of a comprehensive methodology to assess the climate change impacts on the supply and demand sides of irrigation water. The research has demonstrated its effectiveness through its successful application in the Sunsari Morang Irrigation Scheme in the Koshi River of Nepal. The methodology and outcome of the research could be adapted to similar physical-climatic conditions around the world to holistically assess the climate change impacts on both the supply and demand sides of irrigation water. The findings of this research are beneficial to water practitioners, the agricultural community, policymakers, planners, and researchers in Nepal and internationally. The findings on representative General Circulation Models (GCMs) selection for the Koshi River basin could also be used by research and scientific communities. Findings on climate change impacts on precipitation and temperature, and projected Koshi River flows could be used by the National Planning Commission, Nepal and Water and Energy Commission Secretariat, Nepal, for sectoral and water resources project planning, and in formulating water resources policies and basin plans for the Koshi River basin respectively. Findings on climatic changes and their potential implications could be used by the relevant sectors for the development of adaptation strategies, including the National Planning Commission, Nepal. It could also be used by the Department of Water Resources and Irrigation, Nepal, for planning and management of irrigation projects and the expansion of the irrigation command areas. The findings on projected climate change impacts on water resources, irrigation water demand and hydraulic assessment of the irrigation canal network could be used by the Department of Water Resources and Irrigation, Nepal, to manage irrigation projects in the region and by local farmers to increase crop yield in study area. It is also hoped that the challenge of agricultural production for the growing population in the developing world could be addressed with some insights provided by this research, despite the negative impacts of climate change on the irrigation and water resources sector.

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Книги з теми "Koshi River basin"

Secretariat, Nepal Water and Energy Commission. "From policy to practice": Koshi River basin management. Kathmandu: Freshwater Program, WWF Nepal, 2010.

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Workshop on Koshi River Basin Management (2007 Kathmandu, Nepal). Proceedings of the Workshop on Koshi River Basin Management: Kathmandu, Nepal, January 3, 2007. Kathmandu: WWF Nepal, 2007.

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Lohani, Anil Kumar. Geomorphological studies of Bagmati Basin of Kosi river system. Roorkee: National Institute of Hydrology, 1993.

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Koshi River Basin Management Strategic Plan, 2011-2021. Kathmandu: Water and Energy Commission Secretariat, 2011.

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Zhongguo ke xue yuan. Lanzhou bing chuan dong tu yan jiu suo., Nepal. Water and Energy Commission. Secretariat., and Nepal Electricity Authority, eds. Report on first expedition to glaciers and glacier lakes in the Pumqu (Arun) and Poiqu (Bhote-sun Kosi) River Basins, Xizang (Tibet), China: Sino-Nepalese investigation of glacier lake outburst floods in the Himalayas. Beijing, China: Science Press, 1988.

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Частини книг з теми "Koshi River basin"

Wahid, Shahriar M., Garrett Kilroy, Arun B. Shrestha, Sagar Ratna Bajracharya, and Kiran Hunzai. "Opportunities and Challenges in the Trans-boundary Koshi River Basin." In River System Analysis and Management, 341–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1472-7_18.

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Zhang, Jianqiang, Amar Deep Regmi, Rongkun Liu, Narendra Raj Khanal, Luca Schenato, Deo Raj Gurung, and Shahriar Wahid. "Landslides Inventory and Trans-boundary Risk Management in Koshi River Basin, Himalaya." In Springer Geography, 409–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2890-8_18.

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Yadav, Vijay Kumar, M. K. Nema, and Deepak Khare. "Evaluation of SWAT Model for Simulating the Water Balance Components for the Dudh Koshi River Basin in Nepal." In Sustainability of Water Resources, 63–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13467-8_5.

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Agarwal, Anshul, Mukand S. Babel, and Shreedhar Maskey. "Estimating the Impacts and Uncertainty of Climate Change on the Hydrology and Water Resources of the Koshi River Basin." In Managing Water Resources under Climate Uncertainty, 105–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10467-6_6.

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Wahid, Shahriar M., Aditi Mukherji, and Arun Shrestha. "Climate Change Adaptation, Water Infrastructure Development, and Responsive Governance in the Himalayas: The Case Study of Nepal’s Koshi River Basin." In Water Resources Development and Management, 61–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1914-2_4.

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Regmi, Balmukunda. "Long-Term Management of Kosi River Basin." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 381–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29107-4_21.

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Chen, Ningsheng, Guisheng Hu, Wei Deng, Narendra Raj Khanal, Yunhua Zhu, and David Han. "Water Hazards in the Trans-boundary Kosi River Basin." In Springer Geography, 383–408. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2890-8_17.

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Kumar, Niraj, and Ramakar Jha. "Morphometric Analysis of Kosi River Basin, Bihar, India Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques." In Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources, 469–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64202-0_40.

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Pradhan, Rajani K., Swati Maurya, and Prashant K. Srivastava. "Morphometric Analysis and Prioritization of Sub-Watersheds in the Kosi River Basin for Soil and Water Conservation." In Wastewater Reuse and Watershed Management, 353–68. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429433986-30.

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Meena, Ray Singh, and Ramakar Jha. "Flood Inundation Modeling Using Coupled 1D–2D HEC-RAS Model in Lower Kosi River Basin, India with Limited Data." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 177–88. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9933-7_12.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Koshi River basin"

Vaidya, Ramesh A., Arun B. Shrestha, Santosh Nepal, and Kanchan Shrestha. The Koshi River basin: A biophysical and socioeconomic overview; Resource Book. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.1008.

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The Koshi River basin resource book presents an analysis of the complexities inherent in effectively managing water resources. It collates current knowledge on the Koshi basin’s water resource system and related ecosystems, their uses and users, and integrated governance mechanisms. Building on these, it presents possible approaches for water management at different scales. The authors identify key knowledge gaps and provide specific recommendations that may be useful for policy makers, administrators, development workers, and researchers working on addressing water resource management issues in the basin.

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Rai, R., S. Ranabhat, R. Bhandari, S. Lamichhane, K. Timalsina, S. Wahid, and L. D. Bhatta. Freshwater ecosystems of the Koshi River basin, Nepal: A rapid assessment; ICIMOD Working Paper 2019/6. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.752.

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Pradhananga, Saurav, Arthur Lutz, Archana Shrestha, Indira Kadel, Bikash Nepal, and Santosh Nepal. Selection and downscaling of general circulation model datasets and extreme climate indices analysis - Manual. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.4.

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A supplement to the Climate Change Scenarios for Nepal report published by the Ministry of Forests and Environment for the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Process, this manual provides detailed information about the processes through which the assessment highlighted in the report can be carried out. They include – selection of the general circulation/climate models (GCMs), downscaling of the GCM dataset, assessment of changes in precipitation and temperature, and assessment of change in climate extremes. The manual downscales climate datasets for the Koshi River basin, the Kabul River basin, and the Kailash Sacred Landscape to analyse future scenarios in these basins and the landscape.

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Bharati, L., U. Bhattarai, A. Khadka, P. Gurung, L. E. Neumann, D. J. Penton, S. Dhaubanjar, and S. Nepal. From the mountains to the plains: impact of climate change on water resources in the Koshi River Basin. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2019.205.

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Choudhary, N., D. M. Diwakar, B. Dhak, A. Panday, M. B. Gurung, C. G. Goodrich, and N. Gupta. Gender dynamics of female-headed households in rural Bihar, India: Reflections from the Koshi River basin; ICIMOD Working Paper 2019/1. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.753.

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Ravindranath, N. H., and G. Bala. Projected Impacts of Climate Change on Forests in the Brahmaputra, Koshi, and Upper Indus River Basins; ICIMOD Research Report 2017/1. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.687.

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Ratna Bajracharya, Samjwal, Sudan Bikash Maharjan, Finu Shrestha, Tenzing Chogyal Sherpa, Nisha Wagle, and Arun Bhakta Shrestha. Inventory of glacial lakes and identification of potentially dangerous glacial lakes in the Koshi, Gandaki, and Karnali river basins of Nepal, the Tibet Autonomous Region of China, and India. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD); United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.773.

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