Дисертації з теми "Langues voltaïques – Prosodie (linguistique)"
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Rialland, Annie. "Systèmes prosodiques africains : ou fondements empiriques pour un modèle multilinéaire." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE2019.
Michaud, Alexis. "Prosodie de langues à tons (naxi et vietnamien), prosodie de l'anglais : éclairages croisés." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00130149.
Nsanzabiga, Eugène. "Structures prosodiques comparées du Rushobyo et du Kinyarwanda standard." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE2007.
First of all, this study deals with the sociolinguistic situation of Rushobyo, considering it as the result of the mixing of several linguistic communities ans establishes its geographic delimitation localizing its nucleus and somme small groups of speakers. After this, it establishes, in constrastive perspective with standard Kinyarwanda, tonologic schemes of nominals and verbals and intonative schemes. Then it defines the rules of demarcation resulting proceedings of morphophonologic regularization : we mean syntactic regularization (generalization of syncretism of temporal markers, focalization markers and verbal classes), syllabic and rythmic regularization (lengthening compensatoring) prosodic regularization (repetition of intonative schemes). These elements create tonal changes, caracterized by the absence of tonal variation, the loose of the distinctive function and fixity of tonal elements whose only vestiges are the anticipation and yntactic tone inherent with modes and which have nawadays only constrastive function. These elements demonstrate the passage of Rushobyo from tonal system to accentual system with free accent situated on the first infix, the antepenult syllabe and final syllabe. Its final evolutive stage would be an accentual system with fix accent on the antepenult syllabe which already predominates
Adouna, Gbandi. "Description phonologique et grammaticale du Konkomba - Langue GUR du Togo et du Ghana – Parler de Nawaré." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00416375.
Philippson, Gérard. "Tons et accent dans les langues bantu d'Afrique orientale : étude comparative typologique et diachronique." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H011.
This work studies the very diverse prosodic systems of east African bantu languages, on the basis of non-linear (autosegmental and metrical) phonology. We find a one end purely tonal systems (like kikuyu) and at the other end systems with purely demarcative penultimate stress, with all intermediate cases. After presenting the basic principles of autosegmental and metrical phonology and referring to previous works on the subject in our study area, we move to a classification and then to a typology of tonal and accentual processes, the interaction between tone accent and syntactic domains, etc. Finally, tonal correspondences with common bantu are established and a hypothesis is presented according to which the emergence of penultimate accent is the main cause of the evolution of these systems
Contreras, Roa Leonardo. "Prosodie et apprentissage des langues : étude contrastive de l’interlangue d’apprenants d’anglais francophones et hispanophones." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20053.
This thesis is a study of the prosodic interlanguage of students of English as a foreign language whose native language is French or Spanish. It is organized in two main parts. The first part is a study of the methods of conception and representation of prosody for the analysis of interlanguage – a hybrid linguistic system which includes characteristics of the student's native language, characteristics of the target language, and intermediate developmental or characteristics. This provides a methodological framework for the phonetic analysis and phonological interpretation of this type of prosodic systems. The second part is the implementation of this methodology through a contrastive interlanguage analysis conducted through the study of an oral corpus of students of English as a foreign language. The results show traces of the influence of their respective native languages at the phonetic and phonological levels, as well as developmental characteristics common to both groups of learners. The results serve as a basis for reflection on the levels of abstraction in the study of prosody and on the didactic priorities for teaching oral English at a university level
Blanc, Jean-Marc Dominey Peter Ford. "Traitement de la prosodie par un réseau récurrent temporel un cadre unifié pour l'identification automatique des langues, des attitudes prosodiques, et des catégories lexicales /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2005. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2005/blanc_jm.
Bordal, Steien Guri. "Prosodie et contact de langues : le cas du système tonal du français centrafricain." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100162/document.
This study is concerned with prosody and language contact. The fact that language contact induces change is well documented, but few studies focus on the prosodic effects of contact-induced change. The aim of this study is to provide a case study of the prosodic system of the contact variety Central African French, which has emerged from the contact between French and the African tone language, Sango.The Central African Republic is a multilingual country with between 60 to 100 different regional languages spoken within its borders in addition to two official languages, the lingua franca Sango and French. French has been the main language of education and of public administration since colonial times. In the capital Bangui, Sango is the most used language in everyday communication whereas French is spoken in professional contexts. This study is based on recordings of spontaneous speech of 12 French-speaking informants from Bangui. Acoustic analyses of the recordings show that the prosody of Central African French shares with Sango some fundamental characteristics: most words have fixed tonal patterns independently of their position in the sentence and every syllable carries a static tone. This system greatly differs from the system of European varieties of French, where the sentence melody is determined at the post-lexical level and depends on factors such as rhythm, syntax and pragmatics. The main conclusion of this study is that Central African French may be classified as a tone language and thus is endowed with a prosodic system that is closer to Sango than to European French. This finding suggests that intonation might change radically in contact situations ; the change is not only superficial but concerns the underlying system
Boyeldieu, Pascal. "Identite tonale et filiation des langues sara-bongo-baguirmiennes (afrique centrale)." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030129.
The sara-bongo-bagirmi languages (chad, sudan, centralafrican republic, zaire) display strong tonal dissimilarities which affect either the identity of systems (of two, three or four tones) or the identity of lexical patterns (nouns and verbs). Following the principles of historical comparatism this work attempts 1) to restitute the essential features of an ancestral tonal system, common to these languages, 2) to explain divergent evolutions which led to the variety of to-day systems and 3) to detect, by means of probable innovations, a genealogical diagram of the languages of this group. This comparative essay is completed by two descriptive works, of monographic nature, which are devoted to some of the sara-bongobagirmi languages (fer and yulu, bagiro) spoken in the c. A. R
Delplanque, Alain. "La langue dagara : essai de semiologie linguistique." Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA070008.
Cérignat, Carole. "Problèmes de compréhension d'échanges verbaux par des apprenants de Français Langue Etrangère : analyse du fonctionnement des trois particules énonciatives : bon, ben, bien." Besançon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BESA1006.
The discourse markers bon, ben, bien have a major role to play in the organization and the structuring of discursive productions and intersubjective relations between participants. The corpus-based analysis of bon, ben, bien – based on authentic oral productions exclusively – shows the importance of prosodic parameters to such markers. My Ph. D dissertation demonstrates that prosody should be taken into consideration equally with morphology and syntax : the very place a discourse marker has in an utterance calls for a specific prosodic realization and vice versa. The analysis proves that prosody is a meaningful linguistic form which is a constituant of the speech acts performed by speakers and enunciators integrating morpho-syntactic and prosodic elements. The primary importance of discourse markers and prosody in discursive productions has didactic and pedagogical repercussions in the teaching of oral language in a French as a Foreign Language situation. The didactic challenge is to make the learners sensitive to the enunciative stakes inherent to the prosodic dimension of written productions using a presentation, progressive and pertinent, of discourse markers and prosodic phenomena
Shochi, Takaachi. "Prosodie des affects socioculturels en japonais, français et anglais : à la recherche des vrais et faux amis pour le parcours de l’apprenant." Grenoble 3, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00366612.
Social affects (or attitudes) expressed by a speaker during a verbal interaction are linked to what the speaker intends to say, and are influenced by the speaker's language culture. Aubergé (2002) postulates a voluntary control of such expressions. Following works on attitudinal expression in French and British English at GIPSA-lab, the current thesis investigates 12 Japanese prosodic attitudes. It describes their realization and their perception by Japanese speakers. The influence of visual information is measured through a multimodal corpus. Critical acoustic information for the attitudes' recognition is gathered thanks to a gating paradigm. For some attitudes, information is spread from the start until the end of the utterances, but some attitudes are recognized immediately, while others are recognized at a critical point at the middle or the end of utterances. Cross•cultural perception of social affects in three languages (Japanese, French and British English) is investigated in order to study cultural cues in social affective expressions. Results show that two attitudes (exclamation of surprise and declaration) are recognized cross culturally, while some others behave like false friends - especially the "kyoshuku" Japanese expressions of politeness. Finally, the language learning effect is measured on French learners of Japanese. Learners gradually increase their performances, but still have problems with the most culturally encoded expressions (i. E. "kyoshuku")
Blanc, Jean-Marc. "Traitement de la prosodie par un réseau récurrent temporel : un cadre unifié pour l'identification automatique des langues, des attitudes prosodiques, et des catégories lexicales." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/blanc_jm.
Prosody is directly accessible to us when hearing a foreign language. What is the mechanism implicated in the processing of speech prosody ? A Temporal Recurrent Network (TRN) inspired by neurophysiologic studies for sequences learning by primates has been tested for the identification of prosodic contours. Language rhythm can be globally defined. The TRN identify five European languages (50%) based on the automatic segmentation of speech in consonants and vowels, but also with a cochleogram (65%). With the fundamental frequency, the network identifies six prosodic attitudes (syntactic modes and emotions) and distinguishes content from function words, two lexical categories that could bootstrap syntax. When the model is distorted in order to reduce its temporal sensitivity, this categorization could not be realized, and the pattern of response to two rapid auditory processing tasks resembles that of children with Specific Language Impairment, in particular for syntax. In addition, this model replicates two experiments of prosodic discrimination realized by new-borns: languages are distinguished according to their class rhythm and function words are discriminated from content words. In brief, the TRN accomplishes three tasks where prosody is defined on different temporal domains: from language (global field) to word (local field): Automatic Identification of Languages, and prosodic attitudes; Discrimination of content and function words. Finally auditory and language specific troubles could be simulated when the temporal sensitivity of the network is weaken
Laks, Bernard. "Problèmes de phonologie cognitive : la question de la constituance en phonologie métrique." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080855.
We propose a critical account of the currently proposed models for stress assignment. Having shown empirical and formal shortcomings of those, we propose an alternative autosegmental and rhythmic model. We show that our model can be given a connectionist interpretation. We then propose a complete cognitive and connectionist architecture that deal with mental representations, meaning construction, rules and processes
Dodane, Christelle. "La langue en harmonie : influences de la formation musicale sur l'apprentissage précoce d'une langue étrangère." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA1007.
Boukous, Ahmed. "Phonotactique et domaines prosodiques en berbère (parler tachelhit d’Agadir, Maroc)." Paris 8, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA080180.
The aim of the research is the study of the phonotactic constraints in the tashelhit dialect of agadir city, which is spoken in the southwest of morocco. The hypothesis postulated and defended is that general principles which govern restrictions on segment cooccurrence within the speech string are captured and adequatly formulated if a prosodic conception of the phonological representation is adopted. The prosodic categories in which phonotactic constraints are analyzed are : the syllable, the phonological word and the intonational phrase. The study of the syllable is conducted within the framework of the "sonority theory" a syllabification algorithm is proposed, it includes a series of syllable well-formedness conditions and a set of general phonotactic constraints. It consists of two types of rules; namely, nuclear syllabification and margin-adjunction. The most important finding is that any segment -including stops- may be syllabic, provided it is dominated by the nuclear node in the syllable representation. Conditions on segment sequences occupying terminal adjacent positions within the syllable are expressed in terms of dissimilarity indices». The phonological word category is the domain within which operate the consonantal sandhi processes; namely, dissimilation. The intonational phrase is the domain of pharyn- gealization, an outline of the major morphosyntactic features of the dialect under study is given in addenda
Nocaudie, Olivier. "Imitation et contrôle prosodique dans l'entraînement à la remédiation phonétique : évaluation, mesure et applications pour l'enseignant en langue étrangère." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20123/document.
Imitation is a widespread behavior amongst animals and humans, helping us do many things, including adapting to our cultural and social environment, communicating with and learning from others. In this work, we consider aspects of imitation in speech at a prosodic level; more specifically, we will focus on phonetic remediation using the Verbo Tonal Method (VTM). Phonetic practice in the classroom, per se, is an imitation game raising interesting open questions linked to L2 speech perception and production as well as L1 acoustic features reproducibility, i.e phonetic-prosodic control. Our first study deals with the teacher’s ability to control prosodic features; it questions the link between the perception of prosodic similarity using the AX and AXB paradigms, and measures of similarity using other metrics on a more objective level. Results are then cross-compared: they reveal a fair correlation between semi-automatic methods and perceptual tests. Our second study builds on previous results and further tests measurements of prosodic similarity obtained from rectilinear stylized f0 curves using a Turning Function. Applying this method to a corpus of lexicalized and delexicalized speech imitations helps us underline the benefits and flaws of the method. We propose to apply such evaluation techniques to train teacher’s phonetic control
Vydrina, Alexandra. "A corpus‐based description of Kakabe, a Western Mande language : prosody in grammar." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCF015/document.
This thesis provides a corpus‐based description of Kakabe, a Mande language spoken in Guinea, with a focus on phonology. It consists of a short grammatical sketch and two parts dedicated to the analysis of the segmental and the suprasegmental phonology. Segmental phonological processes can be conditioned by metrical constraints, the ban on hiatus, prosodic phrasing and morphological context. Vowel deletion and vowel assimilation which serve to resolve hiatus, apply clause‐internally, as well as across clause boundaries. I also describe various strategies of loanword adaptation used in Kakabe, such as vowel epenthesis and consonant cluster simplification. Kakabe is a terraced‐level tone language (H vs. L), featuring downdrift, downstep, H raising, floating L, and a number of tonal processes, such as OCP style H‐insertion between two L domains, tone spread and leveling of HLH contour. As a result, the distance between the underlying lexical tones and their surface realization can be rather important. Each tonal process is applied within one particular prosodic unit. Therefore, tonal processes participate in phrasing the speech into prosodic units.Kakabe uses a number of boundary tones to signal illocutionary force of the utterance. Lexical tones and boundary tones coexists with intonational operations on the F0 curve. Intonational tone raising is associated with the H% and HL%boundary tones. Apart from that, it affects polarity items, the universal quantifier, and other pragmatically prominent lexemes, such as ideophones and intensifiers. The appendices include a Kakabe‐French dictionary, comprising 3400 entries, and an oral corpus of 12 hours of various genres, transcribed, glossed and time‐aligned with audio and video
Kikuchi, Utako. "Comparaison des occlusives francaises et japonaises et application pedagogique a l'enseignement du francais aux etudiants japonais." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR20017.
To master the pronounciation of a foreign language, we must not only learn each soud, but we must also acquire the entire system of phonation. The foundamental difference of french and japanese stop voiceless consonants is composed of the presence (japanese) and the absence (french) of aspiration. For the voiced stops, the voiced french stops are caracterised by the entire sonority. These phenomenons are related to the tens. About this category of consonants, some exercises for japanese students are proposed
Kim, Ok-Ryon. "Baudelaire : l'infini dans le fini." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080864.
Baudelaire occupies a privileged position in this thesis he is the passage from the finite to the infinite. This is due in the first place to his reflexion on poetic rhythm his intuitions about the"mysterious and little known prosody of french poetry in the preface to les fleurs du mal,and about the rhythm of prose in the preface to the preface to the preface to the petits poemes en prose(spleen de paris) determine a radical change in the 19th centry from a conception that dominated western thought for centries to a new way of thinking. This thesis takes up a systematic development of his insights. In order to develop baudelaire's idea we have taken as a star ting point the notion of rhythm elaborated by h meschonnic who devoted a book to the subject entitled critique du rythme 1982. At same time we have tried to show that baudelaire's oeuvre creates a rhythm containing a mysterious and little known prosody"the thesis is composed of four parts,entitled:free poetics free poetry,free prose,and free trans lation. Rather than sacralize poetry by accoding it the monopoly of rhythm,this thesis takes it as the activity of language,whether in prose,in poetry or in translation,of a poet: charles baudelaire
Burov, Ivaylo. "Les phénomènes de Sandhi dans l'espace gallo-roman." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00807535.
Hamdi, Rym. "La variation rythmique dans les dialectes arabes." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/hamdi_r.
This work, based on experimental phonetics (i. E. Acoustics), aims at addressing the Arabic linguistic continuum in the light of prosodic parameters. More precisely, we put forward a comparative analysis of temporal and rhythmic organization in several Arabic dialects. Previous studies dealing with speech rhythm consistently categorized Arabic dialects as stress-timed languages as opposed to syllable-timed and/or mora-timed languages. These classifications, developed on the basis of perceptual experiments, consider that the perception of these different rhythms rests on the treatment of some phonological properties such as syllabic structure, vowel reduction and/or stress pattern. Several models tried to find out acoustic correlates for rhythm in order to quantify these phonological properties and thus, to measure the rhythm of language. Within this frame, Ramus (1999) and Grabe (2000, 2002) suggested different variables (i. E. ΔC, ΔV, %V, rPVI, nPVI). In this work, we applied these two models to a corpus of spontaneous speech in six different Arabic dialects (i. E. Moroccan, Algerian, Tunisian, Egyptian, Lebanese and Jordanian) as well as in three non-Afro-Asiatic languages that are: French, English and Catalan. Our results show that syllable structures, syllabic weight and vocalic reduction can be used as reliable cues to elaborate a typology of Arabic dialects on the basis of their prosodic characteristics and to discriminate between different varieties of Arabic. We were thus able to distinguish between three different dialectal areas: Western vs. Eastern vs. Intermediate. The fact that geographically intermediate dialects such as Tunisian and/or Egyptian Arabic exhibit intermediate values for the parameters investigated provides further support for the suggestion that Arabic dialects form a continuum with regard to rhythmic patterns. Finally, though the distribution of French, English and Catalan along the rhythmic continuum confirms the existence of different rhythmic categories, the differentiated distribution of our six Arabic dialects along the same scale brings into question the notion of discrete and absolute categories for rhythm
Mermet, Michel. "Informatique et maîtrise de l'oral en maternelle bilingue breton-français : modèle de l'élève dans le dialogue enfant-ordinateur et ergonomie de la parole." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00199337.
Miksic, Vanda. "Des silences linguistiques à la poétique des silences: l'oeuvre de Stéphane Mallarmé." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210994.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation linguistique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Li, Na. "Les locuteurs d’une langue tonale sont-ils de meilleurs musiciens? Effet potentiel de la connaissance native d’une langue à tons sur la perception du contraste du pitch." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18770.
This thesis gives an overview of neuropsychological and electrophysiological studies about the possible interaction between the processing of language and music. Our main purpose is to examine the possible reasons for which tone language speakers have a better capacity in perceiving pitch contrast in music than native speakers of an intonational language. First, we discuss the neural processing of prosody and music, attempting to show an overlap between the two domains. Next, we present the concept of a tone langue and the neural processing of lexical tones. Afterwards, we discuss the transfer effects of the processing capacity of pitch in linguistic and music by focusing on the influence of a knowledge of a tone language on the musical perception. To do this, the encoding of pitch and the hemispheric specialization will be discussed.
Gilbert, Annie. "Le chunking perceptif de la parole : sur la nature du groupement temporel et son effet sur la mémoire immédiate." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8941.
In numerous behaviors involving the learning and production of sequences, temporal groups emerge spontaneously, created by delays or a lengthening of elements. This chunking has been observed across behaviors of both humans and animals and is taken to reflect a general process of perceptual chunking that conforms to capacity limits of short-term memory. Yet, no research has determined how perceptual chunking applies to speech. We provide a literature review that bears out critical problems, which have hampered research on this question. Consideration of these problems motivates a principled demonstration that aims to show how perceptual chunking applies to speech and the effect of this process on immediate memory (or “working memory”). These two themes are presented in separate papers in the format of journal articles. Paper 1: The perceptual chunking of speech: a demonstration using ERPs To observe perceptual chunking on line, we use event-related potentials (ERPs) and refer to the neural component of Closure Positive Shift (CPS), which is known to capture listeners’ responses to marks of prosodic groups. The speech stimuli were utterances and sequences of nonsense syllables, which contained intonation phrases marked by pitch, and both phrase-internal and phrase-final temporal groups marked by lengthening. Analyses of CPSs show that, across conditions, listeners specifically perceive speech in terms of chunks marked by lengthening. These lengthening marks, which appear universally in languages, create the same type of chunking as that which emerges in sequence learning by humans and animals. This finding supports the view that listeners chunk speech in temporal groups and that this perceptual chunking operates similarly for speech and non-verbal behaviors. Moreover, the results question reports that relate CPS to intonation phrasing without considering the effects of temporal marks. Paper 2: Perceptual chunking and its effect on memory in speech processing: ERP and behavioral evidence We examined how the perceptual chunking of utterances in terms of temporal groups of differing size influences immediate memory of heard speech. To weigh these effects, we used behavioural measures and ERPs, especially the N400 component, which served to evaluate the quality of the memory trace for target lexemes heard in the temporal groups. Variations in the amplitude of the N400 showed a better memory trace for lexemes presented in groups of 3 syllables compared to those in groups of 4 syllables. Response times along with P300 components revealed effects of position of the chunk in the utterance. This is the first study to demonstrate the perceptual chunking of speech on-line and its effects on immediate memory of heard elements. Taken together the results suggest that a general perceptual chunking enhances a buffering of sequential information and a processing of speech on a chunk-by-chunk basis.