Готові списки джерел за темами / Late Medieval Agrarian Crisis

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Late Medieval Agrarian Crisis"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 19 червня 2021

Оновлено: 10 лютого 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Late Medieval Agrarian Crisis":

Robisheaux, Thomas, Nils Hybel, and James Manley. "Crisis or Change: The Concept of Crisis in the Light of Agrarian Structural Reorganization in Late Medieval England." Sixteenth Century Journal 22, no. 2 (1991): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2542761.

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Cameron, Rondo, and Nils Hybel. "Crisis or Change: The Concept of Crisis in the Light of Agrarian Structural Reorganization in Late Medieval England." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 21, no. 3 (1991): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/204961.

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Moore, Ellen Wedemeyer. "Crisis or Change: The Concept of Crisis in the Light of Agrarian Structural Reorganization in Late Medieval England.Nils Hybel." Speculum 67, no. 1 (January 1992): 155–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2863780.

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Antonson, Hans. "The extent of farm desertion in central Sweden during the late medieval agrarian crisis: landscape as a source." Journal of Historical Geography 35, no. 4 (October 2009): 619–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhg.2009.01.021.

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Scott, Tom. "The German Peasants' War and the "Crisis of Feudalism." Reflections On a Neglected Theme." Journal of Early Modern History 6, no. 3 (2002): 265–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006502x00158.

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AbstractThe view that the Peasants' War stemmed from a "crisis of feudalism" has been principally advanced by Peter Blickle. His dominant interpretation of the War fuses the late medieval economic crisis and the struggle for territorial consolidation by means of a revived serfdom into a general crisis of feudalism. But this argument underplays the profound changes already underway in the social and economic structure of the main areas of revolt—the commercialization of agrarian production, the spread of rural crafts, the fragmentation of holdings, the penetration of urban capital through the putting-out system, and the mortgaging of lordships. The consequence was a triangular pattern of conflict, in which landlords and landless laborers, for instance, might combine against possessing peasants, or where rural craftsmen might be encouraged to undercut the urban guilds. The character of the War, therefore, was more a conflict over the appropriation of resources and the seizure of new economic opportunities than it was a "crisis of feudalism," a term which European comparison reveals to be highly problematic.

MORTON, ADAM DAVID. "The Age of Absolutism: capitalism, the modern states-system and international relations." Review of International Studies 31, no. 3 (June 13, 2005): 495–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210505006601.

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Understanding the origins of capitalism in terms of feudal crisis, agrarian class structures and economic development in Europe has been an enduring concern of a growing body of scholarship focusing on changes in social property relations. This work has been distinctive in highlighting long-term patterns of social property relations central to shaping late medieval and early modern Europe, variegated patterns of serfdom within feudalism, class conflicts intrinsic to the emergence of agrarian capitalism, and thus capitalist ‘transition’ through different paths of development. Most recently, the implications of a focus on social property relations have been drawn out in its relevance for International Relations (IR), expressly in terms of tracing specificities within the age of absolutism that shaped the expansion of the states-system and its relation to modernity. This article outlines and engages with past and present debates linked to the social property relations approach. It raises several problematics through an engagement with the theorising of political modernity by Antonio Gramsci and on this basis offers pointers towards future lines of enquiry from which further reflection on the conditions of historical and contemporary state formation and restructuring may proceed.

Raftis, J. A. "Nils Hybel. Crisis or Change: The Concept of Crisis in the Light of Agrarian Structural Reorganization in Late Medieval England. Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus University Press, 1989. Pp. xxiv, 333. 220DKK." Albion 23, no. 1 (1991): 109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4050551.

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DeWindt, Edwin B. "Crisis or Change: The Concept of Crisis in the Light of Agrarian Structural Reorganization in Late Medieval England. By Nils Hybel Aarhus. Denmark: Aarhus University Press, 1989. Pp. xxiv, 260. DKK 220." Journal of Economic History 50, no. 3 (September 1990): 717–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700037323.

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Retsö, Dag, and Johan Söderberg. "The late-medieval crisis quantified." Scandinavian Journal of History 40, no. 1 (December 2014): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2014.976839.

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Berglund, Birgitta, Katarina Briksson, Ingunn Holm, Håkan Karlsson, Jenny Karlsson, Susanne Pettersson, Anna Sundberg, Bo Ulfhielm, and Stig Welinder. "The Historical Archaeology of the Medieval Crisis in Scandinavia." Current Swedish Archaeology 17, no. 1 (June 10, 2021): 55–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37718/csa.2009.06.

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In the wake of the Black Death in i 1350 Europe saw demographic disaster, economic decline, and social and political breakdown. Thousands of farms were deserted. This is the Medieval Agrarian Crisis. The latest decadesof outland archaeology, primarily within the frames of rescue archaeology, have made it possible to outline the course of the crisis in the forested parts of middle Scandinavia. The 14th and 15th centuries were a time of economic change rather than economic decline. However, various areas changed in different ways. When taking outland production into account the medieval crisis has to be conceptualised in another way; it was not solely an agrarian crisis. It was also early industrial expansion and change towards extensive farming.

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Дисертації з теми "Late Medieval Agrarian Crisis":

Rohman, Nadine. "Medeltida ödeläggelse i Sverige : En litteraturstudie över resiliens och medeltidsarkeologisk forskning utförd på den senmedeltida agrarkrisen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447077.

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The late medieval agrarian crisis is characterized by a sharp decline in population which caused farm abandonment and mass death. The crisis arose due to a lack of access to arable land and insufficient food production in relation to the growing population. However, there is evidence of villages and farms surviving the crisis by adapting to new conditions through the development of sustainable structures. Studying the literature from a resilience theoretical perspective, this paper discusses existing opportunities to study the agrarian crisis, opening avenues for future research. More specifically, this study contributes to the literature by examining studies on abandoned and surviving farms from Jämtland, Östergötland, Småland, Värmland and Skåne, concerning the interpretive possibilities of the farm's survival. The results suggest that Medieval archaeology excels in increasing knowledge about human behaviour and the relationship to the environment from a long-term perspective. Resilience theory can provide an interdisciplinary framework, increasing the understanding of social-ecological systems, therefore ensuring the sustainability of ecosystem services. Moreover, the findings of this thesis suggest that pollen analysis and dendrochronology are commonly used in research on the agrarian crisis. The methods reveal that common survival strategies consisted of introducing less labour-intensive farming methods or taking over the lands of desolate farms. Additionally, farms that had access to natural resources, cooperated with other farms on open land and had larger households most often survived the crisis.

Cochrane, Alexandra. "Identifying and Situating the Medieval Ragundaskogen: A Tale of Forest, Fish and Farmers." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446330.

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In several medieval written sources an area called Ragundaskogen (Eng: Ragunda Forest) is documented in eastern Jämtland. The references in the sources are general and lack specific information about location, meaning and the extent of this area. This thesis uses a theoretical framework based on niche construction and a method employing written sources, place names and archaeological remains to better understand the medieval concept of the Ragunda Forest. The study will reconstruct and discuss the area’s geography, but also provide insight into the people who lived there, their relationships with each other and places in the landscape, as well as their relationship to the church in Uppsala and the monarchy in Norway. The Ragunda Forest was a niche in a border area and during certain periods seems to have had a certain form of independence. The Middle Ages are a period characterised by a series of crises due to climate change and diseases such as the plague. The Ragunda Forest will be used as a background to discuss how the medieval population and landscapes were affected. The thesis suggests that interdisciplinary studies of delimited and local landscape spaces are an effective method for better understanding historical human-environment relations.
I flera skriftliga källor från medeltiden omnämns Ragundaskogen i östra Jämtland. Hänvisningarna i källorna är generella så det är svårt att avgöra Ragundaskogens exakta betydelse, läge och utbredning. Denna uppsats använder ett teoretiskt ramverk som bygger på nischkonstruktion och en metod som omfattar skriftliga källor, platsnamn och arkeologiska lämningar för att bättre förstå det medeltida begreppet Ragundaskogen. Studien kommer att rekonstruera och diskutera områdets geografi, men också ge insikt till människorna som levde där, till deras relationer sinsemellan och till platser i landskapet, samt till deras förhållanden till kyrkan i Uppsala och kungamakten i Norge. Ragundaskogen var en nisch i ett gränsområde och verkar under vissa perioder också haft en viss form av självständighet. Medeltiden är en tidsperiod som kännetecknas av en rad kriser till följd av klimatförändring och sjukdomar som pesten. Ragundaskogen kommer att användas som en bakgrund för att diskutera hur medeltidens människor och landskap påverkades. Uppsatsen föreslår att tvärvetenskapliga studier av avgränsade och lokala landskapsrum är en effektiv metod för att bättre förstå historiska människa-miljö relationer.

Smart, Christopher John. "Continuity over crisis : the landscapes of southern Gloucestershire and south-east Somerset in the late Roman and early Medieval periods." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479207.

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McMurtry, Aine. "Crisis and form in Ingeborg Bachmann's late verse and prose : an aesthetic examination of the poetic drafts of the 1960s." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bdad508f-d96c-4480-8fa3-87f1b648e41d.

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This thesis demonstrates the aesthetic impact of crisis on Ingeborg Bachmann's late verse and prose. It examines poetic drafts written during a period of personal breakdown in the 1960s, which have largely been received as documents of personal suffering, and identifies these texts as a radical stage of writing that was to prove formally significant for Bachmann's development of the prose "Todesarten"-Projekt. This thesis draws on the new material made available with the publication of these poetic drafts to chart the genesis of Bachmann's acclaimed late oeuvre. By selecting and grouping lyric fragments, the thesis defines recurrent features in this verse and accounts for the texts as a body of writing that forms a radical, yet undocumented, part of this oeuvre. In terms of both their form and of their content, the fragmentary drafts are shown to reflect new engagement with aspects of experience conventionally excluded from High Art. In light of Bachmann's growing preoccupation with the need for aesthetic engagement in the post-war era, close readings reveal how she set about taking her subjective suffering as a basis for a critique of the social order. The thesis outlines how, during the 1960s, Bachmann pioneered a symptomatic expressive mode that - in the disrupted form of the writing - found an indirect means of manifesting the wider origins of subjective disturbance. The ambiguous aesthetic status of these poetic drafts, which were never finished by Bachmann, is related to an inability to establish structural distance from crisis in lyric form. Building on its readings of the poetic drafts, the thesis traces Bachmann's prose experimentation with the same motifs. It identifies how, ultimately, the prose medium enabled the author to resolve problems of aesthetic form raised in the verse. Parallels with the work of other writers and thinkers illuminate the development of a reflexive mode where sophisticated aesthetic strategies enable the oblique expression of cultural critique.

Njord-Westerling, Peter. "Arkeologi och den senmedeltida ödeläggelsen." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1112.

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This essay discusses the width of the late medieval desertion of farms in Sweden from an archaeological perspective. The object of the essay is to investigate if archaeological investigations and research during the last 10-15 years have changed the view of the late medieval desertion in relation to the Scandinavian research project on deserted farms and villages. The essay also deals with questions on causes to the desertion and when desertion occurred. An ambition of the essay is also to give a general picture of archaeological investigations during the last 10-15 years considering the late medieval desertion. The analyses-material consists mainly of reports from archaeological investigations. Most of the investigations analysed in this essay are investigations of single farms. Because of this it is natural these investigations do not say much about the width of the desertion. As long as an archaeological investigation is not a part of a large project, where the purpose is to show the width of the desertion, one cannot expect that one single investigation will give much information or knowledge about the width. However, if the ambition is to obtain a complete picture of a medieval deserted farm or village, this essay confirms that an archaeological investigation is necessary, willingly in an interdisciplinary cooperation.

Yoder, Cassady J. "The Late Medieval Agrarian Crisis and Black Death plague epidemic in medieval Denmark: a paleopathological and paleodietary perspective." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1725.

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The medieval period of Denmark (11th-16th centuries) witnessed two of the worst demographic, health, and dietary catastrophes in history: the Late Medieval Agrarian Crisis (LMAC) and the Black Death plague epidemic. Historians have argued that these events resulted in a change in subsistence from a cereal grain to a more pastorallyfocused diet, and that the population decimation resulted in improved living conditions. This dissertation bioarchaeologically examines the impact of these historically described events on the diet and health of the population from Jutland, Denmark. I examine the stable isotopic ratios of carbon and nitrogen, dental caries, cribra orbitalia, porotic hyperostosis, periosteal reactions, and femur length to examine the samples for dietary and health differences due to sex, time period, site and social status. The results suggest that there are few chronological differences in diet or health in these samples. There are greater disparities among the sites, as peasants from the rural site had a more terrestrially-based diet and poorer health than the urban sites. While there is little difference in diet by sex, there is a disparity in health between the sexes. However, the direction of difference varies by site, suggesting that the relative treatment of the sexes was not universal in Denmark. While the results indicate there is little difference in health by status, there are dietary differences, as elites had a more marinebased diet than peasants. This research indicates the importance of bioarchaeological analysis in the interpretation of historical events. The recording of history is dependent on the viewpoint of the recorder and may not accurately reflect the importance of events on the the population itself. Bioarchaeological techniques examine skeletal material from the individuals in question and may provide a better understanding of the consequences of historic events on the population, such as the effects of the LMAC and Black Death on the population of Denmark. This research reveals that, contrary to historical expectation, these events did not have a measurable impact on Danish diet or health. Thus, the use of historical documentation and bioarchaeological analyses provides a richer understanding of these historical events.

Slavin, Philip. "Feeding the Brethren: Grain Provisioning of Norwich Cathedral Priory, c. 1280-1370." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/17285.

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The present dissertation attempts to follow and analyze each and every individual stage of food provisioning of a late medieval monastic community. Chapter One is an introductory survey, describing the topic, its status quaestionis, problems and methodology. Chapter Two establishes the geography of crops in the rural hinterland of Norwich, with each manor specializing in different crop. A close analysis of the crop geography partially supports the Von Thünen thesis. Chapter Three looks at the agricultural trends of the demesnes. Roughly speaking, the period between c. 1290 and 1370 was a history of wheat’s expansion at the expense of rye, on the one hand, and legume shrinkage at the expense of grazing land. Chapter Four discusses annual grain acquisition, its components and disposal. It shows that about eighty per cent of the total supply derived from harvest, while the remainder came in form of tithes, grants and purchases. Chapter Five deals with the human and equine interaction. The bovine population was certainly dominant, but the draught horses easily outnumbered the oxen. Each year,the Priory authorities saved a great deal of money, because of (virtually) free customary carting service. Chapter Six explores the space for storing and processing of the annual grain supply. The five adjacent buildings, namely the Great Granary, brewery, bakery, mill and staples, allowed most effective cooperation between dozens of Priory labourers working in victual departments, on the one hand, and decreased transportation costs. Chapter Seven attempts to establish the relation between the Priory population, its annual grain supply and demand. Conversion of the grain into approximate calorific and financial equivalent reveals that the supply must have exceeded the demand. Chapter Eight is deals with the actual consumption of the grain supply. As far as Norwich monks are concerned, their annual bread and ale supply has certainly exceeded their normal requirements and there is no hint about selling the surplus. Joining the bread and ale accounts with those of the cellar, we arrive at astonishing calorific figures. Chapter Nine discusses the charity activities of Norwich Priory, particularly connected to the distribution of bread and ale among the needy. There were three distinctive groups: hermits, prisoners and paupers. According to almoner’s accounts, the Priory allocated generous sums of loaves and ale to the paupers.

Vondráčková, Kristýna. "Byl jednou jeden cizinec na cestě." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-328531.

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v anglickém jazyce: This thesis mainly analyzes the five-part novel Gargantua and Pantagruel written by the French author Francois Rabelais. Emphasis is based particularly on an inclusion of Rabelais's work in historical and literary context of the period of transformation between medieval and Renaissance society. More specifically, it deals with the author's humanist opinion and his critique of contemporary society, which is the main line of the work itself. The aim of our thesis is especially an attempt to outline the various possible meanings of the terms « road or path » and « stranger » in Rabelais's work and explain the role of these thematic concepts in the author's concept of criticism of society.

Книги з теми "Late Medieval Agrarian Crisis":

Hybel, Nils. Crisis or change: The concept of crisis in the light of agrarain structural reorganization in late medieval England. [Aarhus]: Aarhus University Press, 1989.

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Ruiz, Teofilo F. Crisis and continuity: Land and town in late medieval Castile. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994.

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Brown, Cynthia Jane. Poets, patrons, and printers: Crisis of authority in late medieval France. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1995.

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Justice, Steven. Religious crisis and the poetics of authority in the late middle ages. Ann Arbor, MI: University Microfilms International, 1985.

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Hoffmann, Richard C. Land, liberties, and lordship in a late medieval countryside: Agrarian structures and change in the Duchy of Wrocław. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylania Press, 1989.

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Hill, Ordelle G. The manor, the plowman, and the shepherd: Agrarian themes and imagery in late medieval and early Renaissance English literature. Selinsgrove [Pa.]: Susquehanna University Press, 1993.

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Lagerås, Per. Environment, society and the Black Death: An interdisciplinary approach to the late-medieval crisis in Sweden. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2015.

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Starkey, Lindsay. Encountering Water in Early Modern Europe and Beyond. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462988736.

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Both the Christian Bible and Aristotle’s works suggest that water should entirely flood the earth. Though many ancient, medieval, and early modern Europeans relied on these works to understand and explore the relationships between water and earth, sixteenth-century Europeans particularly were especially concerned with why dry land existed. This book investigates why they were so interested in water’s failure to submerge the earth when their predecessors had not been. Analyzing biblical commentaries as well as natural philosophical, geographical, and cosmographical texts from these periods, Lindsay Starkey shows that European sea voyages to the southern hemisphere combined with the traditional methods of European scholarship and religious reformations led sixteenth-century Europeans to reinterpret water and earth’s ontological and spatial relationships. The manner in which they did so also sheds light on how we can respond to our current water crisis before it is too late.

Crisis and Survival in Late Medieval Ireland. Oxford University Press, 2013.

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Ruiz, Teofilo F. Crisis and Continuity: Land and Town in Late Medieval Castile. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016.

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Частини книг з теми "Late Medieval Agrarian Crisis":

Dyer, Christopher. "Medieval Small Towns and the Late Medieval Crisis." In The Medieval Countryside, 35–52. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.tmc.5.103783.

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Wallace, Peter G. "The Late Medieval Crisis, 1347–1517." In The Long European Reformation, 25–52. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-26540-1_2.

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Eckstein, Nicholas. "The Religious Confraternities of High Renaissance Florence: Crisis or Continuity?" In Late Medieval and Early Modern Studies, 9–32. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.lmems-eb.3.3525.

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Harriss, G. L. "MARMADUKE LUMLEY AND THE EXCHEQUER CRISIS OF 1446-9." In Aspects of Late Medieval Government and Society, edited by J. G. Rowe, 143–78. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781487583644-009.

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Thoen, Erik, and Tim Soens. "The Family or the Farm: A Sophie’s Choice? The Late Medieval Crisis in Flanders." In The Medieval Countryside, 195–224. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.tmc.5.103788.

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Nightingale, Pamela. "A Crisis of Credit in the Fifteenth Century, or of Historical Interpretation?" In Mortality, Trade, Money and Credit in Late Medieval England (1285–1531), 239–59. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Variorum collected studies: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429291081-11.

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Jakus, Zrinka Nikolić. "Migration patterns from the Dalmatian hinterland during and after the great hunger of 1453–1454 as a consequence of environmental and political crisis." In The Dance of Death in Late Medieval and Renaissance Europe, 159–74. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge environmental humanities: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429491085-10.

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Graus, František. "From Resistance to Revolt: The Late Medieval Peasant Wars in the Context of Social Crisis." In The German Peasant War of 1525, 1–9. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003190950-1.

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van Zanden, Jan Luiten. "A third road to capitalism? Proto-industrialization and the moderate nature of the late medieval crisis in Flanders and Holland, 1350–1550." In Comparative Rural History of the North Sea Area, 85–101. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.corn-eb.3.286.

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Stone, David. "From Agrarian Crisis to the Black Death." In Decision-Making in Medieval Agriculture, 45–80. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199247769.003.0003.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Late Medieval Agrarian Crisis":

Negri, Paolo. "La difesa dei territori dell’Ossola, sul corridoio spagnolo delle Fiandre, negli ultimi decenni del secolo XVII." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11362.

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The defense of Ossola territories, on the Spanish passageway to Flanders, in the late seventeenth centuryThe Ossola territories, in the area to the northwest of Milan, have constituted the western border most in contact with the nordic and tens-alpine world, ever since the first establishment of the Duchy of Milan. It is already known from G. Parker’s monography on the camino español that one of the common routes, which allowed overland redeployment of Spanish troops headed towards Flanders, from the Liguria region across central Europe, would go through Ossola and cross the Simplon Pass or the Gries Pass. During the turbulent historical period of the Thirty Years’ War and the following one, the changing fortunes of the Duchy of Milan in Spanish hands led to the fast and strategic conquest of Piedmontese cities (1639) and their equally rapid loss on the western border. Especially in the second half of the seventeenth century, the Franco-Savoy advance threw the Piedmontese borders into a severe crisis and the Spanish governors of Milan accordingly adopted all the military measures needed to address the issue. Fearing incursions from the north, through Romandie, Valais and Ossola, in the late seventeenth century, many field engineers among whom Beretta and Formenti, arranged the transformation of Domodossola, the outermost military stronghold only equipped with obsolete medieval walls at the time, into a “modern” rampart city (1687-1690). The engineers produced an accurate study of the territory, preserved today in the Historical Civic Archive and at the Trivulziana library in Milan in a cartographic manuscript series of all the Ossola valleys and the Swiss territory from Brig to Lake Leman.