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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 15 вересня 2021
Оновлено: 25 квітня 2022

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1

Zhu, Yaling, and Huifang Zhang. "Causes of China's Low Consumption from the Perspective of Local Governmental Competition." International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management 13, no. 1 (January 2020): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisscm.2020010102.

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Taking into account the three-sector general equilibrium perspective of the government, business, and household sectors and taking government public goods investment as intermediary; this article builds mathematical models of local governmental competition and three-sector consumption. It also theoretically analyzes the impacting path of local governmental competition, causing increased investment in public goods, thereby reducing consumption. At the same time, based on the model of China's provincial panel data from 1993 to 2015, the empirical analysis shows that a 1% increase in the level of competition among local governments will result in a corresponding decrease of 0.757% in total consumption, 0.348% in governmental competition, 0.340% in business consumption and 0.366% in household consumption. Local governmental competition leads to the government's tendency to invest in public goods and reduces the regional consumption, which especially damages the consumption capacity of the household sector.
2

Goodman, Christopher B. "Local Government Fragmentation and the Local Public Sector." Public Finance Review 43, no. 1 (December 25, 2013): 82–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091142113515048.

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3

Gittleman, Maury, and Brooks Pierce. "Compensation for State and Local Government Workers." Journal of Economic Perspectives 26, no. 1 (February 1, 2012): 217–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.26.1.217.

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Are state and local government workers overcompensated? In this paper, we step back from the highly charged rhetoric and address this question with the two primary data sources for looking at compensation of state and local government workers: the Current Population Survey conducted by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and the Employer Costs for Employee Compensation microdata collected as part of the National Compensation Survey of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In both data sets, the workers being hired in the public sector have higher skill levels than those in the private sector, so the challenge is to compare across sectors in a way that adjusts suitably for this difference. After controlling for skill differences and incorporating employer costs for benefits packages, we find that, on average, public sector workers in state government have compensation costs 3–10 percent greater than those for workers in the private sector, while in local government the gap is 10–19 percent. We caution that this finding is somewhat dependent on the chosen sample and specification, that averages can obscure broader differences in distributions, and that a host of worker and job attributes are not available to us in these data. Nonetheless, the data suggest that public sector workers, especially local government ones, on average, receive greater remuneration than observably similar private sector workers. Overturning this result would require, we think, strong arguments for particular model specifications, or different data.
4

Budiarti Hayuningtyas, Perdani, Jun Matsunami, and Bakti Setiawan. "INFLUENCING FACTORS OF INNOVATION IN SURAKARTA CITY GOVERNMENT, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA." Jurnal Litbang Provinsi Jawa Tengah 18, no. 2 (December 17, 2020): 233–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36762/jurnaljateng.v18i2.836.

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After the fall of the New Order regime in 1998, Indonesia changed from a centralized government system to decentralization. By the issuance of Grand Design of Bureaucratic Reform Year 2010-2025 in 2010, public sector innovation cannot be neglected due to the needs for new, innovative, adaptive, and entrepreneurial approaches to bureaucratic reform. Many innovations have been produced in local government to improve their performance. Surakarta City Government is recognized as an innovative city, produce innovative programs, often become examples of good practice in public sector innovation, and appointed as Innovation Laboratory in 2017. This study aims to describe public sector innovation in Surakarta City Government and what factors influencing it. The study was conducted using qualitative research methods with a case study approach and collecting data from interviews and document analysis. The findings of this study reveal that most of the public sector innovation in Surakarta City are ICT based innovation and provides benefits in improving the performance of local governments. Even though there is shifting leadership, the visionary leadership supported by upper-middle managers still plays a crucial role in encouraging innovation in local government, followed by supportive regulations from both central and local government, as well as participation and strong cooperation between sectors. Further, this study draws some recommendations to create an integrated policy to strengthened, evaluate, and maintain the sustainability of public sector innovation in the local government. The local government may provide opportunities to collaborate with NGOs to create public sector innovation.
5

Manoharan, Aroon P., and Alex Ingrams. "Conceptualizing E-Government from Local Government Perspectives." State and Local Government Review 50, no. 1 (March 2018): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160323x18763964.

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Over the past two decades, governments have used information and communication technologies (ICTs) to integrate their internal functions and improve their delivery of services. Scholars and practitioners have conceptualized these various ICT trends and referred to them collectively as e-government. As the number of citizens using the Internet and mobile technologies increases, the public sector is constantly innovating to keep pace with the changing technologies and citizens’ expectations. This essay reviews the academic literature on e-government among local governments and explores the issues related to its adoption and implementation. Adopting an e-government stages perspective with attention to institutional capacity, the essay examines the factors and determinants of local e-government success. The essay concludes with directions for future research on e-government and innovation in local governments.
6

Collins, Todd, and John David Gerlach. "Bridging the Gaps: Local Government and Nonprofit Collaborations." Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs 5, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.20899/jpna.5.2.118-133.

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Local governments and nonprofit organizations often struggle to provide quality services to their residents and clients. One potential way for these organizations to overcome obstacles in service provision is to engage in joint programming and service delivery. In this study, we use original survey data collected from local government and nonprofit managers in the state of North Carolina to examine recent trends in collaboration between these sectors. Specifically, we explore the perceptions of these managers concerning the types of collaborations that work best, the types of collaborations that are least successful, and the factors that foster or hinder cooperation. We also explore the perceptions that these managers have about the other. We hypothesize that positive perceptions of the other sector, greater access to resources, operating in a more urbanized environment, and participation in past positive cross-sector collaboration experiences will all lead to increased collaboration between local governments and nonprofits. We find, however, that although an organization’s resources and managerial perceptions of the other sector do influence collaboration, having participated in a past successful collaboration does not necessarily lead to an increase in future partnerships.
7

Putri, Magya Ramadhania, and Isnaini Rodiyah. "Kemitraan Pemerintah-Swasta dalam Program Corporate Social Responsibility di Kabupaten Pasuruan." JKMP (Jurnal Kebijakan dan Manajemen Publik) 4, no. 2 (April 25, 2017): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jkmp.v4i2.689.

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This research aims to describe community empowerment program synergistic held by local government of Pasuruan regency and the implementation of CSR program by PT HM Sampoerna Tbk in Sukorejo Sub-district, Pasuruan Regency, in addition to describe public-private partnership pattern between local government of Pasuruan regency and private sector. Descriptive type of research and qualitative method through in-depth interview, observation, and documentation were used in this thesis.Result of this research reveals the implementation of PPP with CSR basis between local governments of Pasuruan regency with PT HM Sampoerna Tbk is mutualism partnership. Yet, private sector is a dominant actor in this partnership, whilst local government of Pasuruan regency only play their role and function as regulator, namely to make local government regulation Number 31 Year 2012 about CSR. The lack of government's portion in running this partnership caused by the absence of CSR forum. Public-private partnership here belongs to pseudo partnership due to there are no any written agreements between local government and private sector.
8

Baldwin, Robert, Keith Drake, Tony May, and Tony Travers. "Pointers; Deregulation; Private sector; Transport; British rail; Public sector; Local government." Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy. Public Money 5, no. 2 (September 1985): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540968509387329.

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9

Gretton, John, Anthony Harrison, Sue Richards, Michael Parkinson, Michael Synnott, Wyn Grant, and Stephen Birch. "Pointers: Public money; Central government; Local government; Privatisation; NHS; Public sector." Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy. Public Money 7, no. 3-4 (December 1987): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540968709387439.

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10

KIYOHARA, Akiko, Haruyo KUDO, Toshio TAKATORIGE, Yayoi KITO, and Yoko NIIYAMA. "Food Safety Experts in Japan's Local Government Sector." Journal of Food System Research 26, no. 3 (2019): 112–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5874/jfsr.26.3_112.

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11

Murray, J. Gordon. "Third sector commissioning and English local government procurement." Public Money & Management 31, no. 4 (July 2011): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2011.586241.

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12

Rohman, Abdul. "Analysis Effect of Accrual Discretion Against SILPA (SIKPA) Budget Calculations on Local Government." SRIWIJAYA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 2, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.29259/sijdeb.v2i4.293-316.

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The research we carry out is aimed at researching the implementation of measures taken by the local government (discretionary accruals) to the substantial amount of the budget obtained local governments in the current year. The government has issued regulations governing the Home Minister on the implementation of government's implementation of accrual based accounting system. Also, the government has issued Government Regulation No. 71 of 2010 concerning the Government Accounting Standard (PSAP) based on accrual. Governments in developing government accounting standards has also attempted to adopt international public sector accounting standards (IPSAS).Our study is a continuation of a research study before we take on research on the level of accrual in the financial statements of Local Government and research on the effect of discretionary accruals on revenue of local governments. This study uses some model approach
13

Husain, Ishrat. "Adapting Public Sector Services to Local Delivery." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 17, Special Edition (September 1, 2012): 359–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2012.v17.isp.a15.

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This article describes the local government system established in the 2001 Devolution Plan and its evolution over the period 2002-07, with a focus on two essential public services, education and health. We believe that the devolution of service delivery functions, delegation of financial powers, decentralization of authority, and deconcentration of executive powers, can, together, lead to better accountability of results and, hence, to improved public service delivery to the poor and marginalized. The Devolution Plan made inroads toward these goals, particularly in education, but their achievement was incomplete due to a number of factors, among those incomplete fiscal decentralization, limited targeting of backward areas, and centralizing tendencies of the provincial departments and civil service. Recommendations are offered on how to further develop the local government system more generally, with an eye towards increasing accountability and improving coordination both across local governments and between tiers. For this, complementary reforms to simplify business processes and revamp human resource management policies are needed; introducing a district level civil service is among the suggested changes. The article concludes with detailed recommendations on improving the decentralized delivery of education and health services.
14

van der Waldt, Gerrit, David Fourie, Gerda van Dijk, Margaret Chitiga-Mabugu, and Johan Jordaan. "A competency framework for women empowerment: the case of the local government sector in South Africa." Problems and Perspectives in Management 17, no. 2 (June 11, 2019): 348–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(2).2019.27.

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Gender representativity in political and managerial positions in local government in general and women empowerment in particular remain contentious issues. Although an extensive statutory and regulatory framework for gender equality was established and despite the fact that specific equity targets are set, it is evident that much more needs to be done to facilitate women empowerment in the local government sector. The purpose of this article is to reflect on findings of an empirical survey conducted amongst female politicians, managers, and experts in the local government sector with the aim to design the parameters of a competency framework for women empowerment. The results support the fact that a women empowerment competency framework should incorporate various dimensions and elements, notably sector-specific job requirements, registered gender-based formal programs in the tertiary education sector, as well as content of women empowerment initiatives taken by non-governmental organizations.
15

Crowley, George R., and Scott A. Beaulier. "Public-sector Unions and Government Policy." Public Finance Review 46, no. 3 (July 15, 2016): 454–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091142116659355.

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Recent events, including the failed recall of Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker and the Chicago teachers strike, have shed light on the relationship between state fiscal policy and public-sector union power. While a literature has developed focusing on various aspects of the link between public-sector unions and government policy, scholars have yet to reach consensus. In most cases, public-sector unions have multiple tools they can use to influence policy. We find that union political contributions and collective bargaining are associated with higher incomes for state and local employees and with higher public employment, both across state and local governments overall as well as within the education sector. We also find relatively little evidence that union activity influences total spending.
16

Piatak, Jaclyn S. "Sector Switching in Good Times and in Bad: Are Public Sector Employees Less Likely to Change Sectors?" Public Personnel Management 46, no. 4 (June 6, 2017): 327–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091026017712739.

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With the retirement of the baby boomers looming and the growing number of opportunities to serve the public interest in broader ways than working in government, how dedicated are today’s public employees? This study examines the job sector changes of nonprofit and government employees compared with for-profit employees during both stable and unstable economic conditions. Sector switching within the government sector across federal, state, and local government employees is also examined. Findings show no sector differences during stable economic conditions, but illustrate federal government and nonprofit employees are more likely to move into the for-profit sector during times of economic instability. This study highlights the impact of tough labor market conditions on employment decisions. Nonprofits’ reliance on labor donations may no longer be sufficient, and public managers should tailor their recruitment and retention strategies to suit the level of government.
17

Siddiqui, Shamim Ahmad. "Development and Growth through Economic Diversification: Are there Solutions for Continued Challenges Faced by Brunei Darussalam?" Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 4, no. 7 (July 15, 2012): 397–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v4i7.341.

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Since its independence in 1984, the government of Brunei Darussalam has made economic diversification as its prime economic agenda to decrease its heavy dependence on oil and gas industry. The oil and gas industry has significantly contributed in the present level of economic prosperity of this small nation of 0.4 million people. However, being a very capital intensive industry it offers few job opportunities. The majority of the local population relies on better paid government jobs in the non-oil sector. As the rate of growth of new employment opportunities created in the public sectors remains far lower than the rate of growth of local labor force, more and more people must be employed by the private sector. However, a small private sector largely consisting of small service enterprises paying lower wages fails to attract local labor force. The result is a continuous increase in the rate of unemployment among locals now standing at over 12%. This paper will review government’s efforts in diversifying its economy to reduce its vulnerability in revenue generation and create jobs for its increasing labor force. Based on a review the paper will suggest some possible solutions that could be considered by the government and the civil society of Brunei Darussalam.
18

Sri Wahyuni, Endang, Ady Soejoto, and Norida Canda Sakti. "The Domestic Investment, Local Government Revenue and Government Expenditure in the Education Sector." Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Dan Bisnis (JPEB) 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpeb.007.2.8.

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This research aimed to analyze the effect of domestic investment and local government revenue toward government expenditure in the education sector. This research uses secondary data obtained from Central Bureau of Statistics in Indonesia and Local Educational Balance-Departement of Education and Culture. The analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis with cross section 34 provinces and time series for 2014-2017. The results showed that partially, domestic investment and local government revenue had a significant affect on government expenditure in the education sector. Meanwhile simultaneously, it shows that domestic investment and local government revenue had a significant affect on government expenditure in the education sector. These findings indicate that the level of education expenditure can be influenced by both domestic investment and local government revenue.
19

Juniantika, Dhita Aira, and Dini Wahjoe Hapsari. "What Motivates Internet Financial Reporting in the Public Sector? Case of a Local Government in Indonesia." Journal of Accounting Research, Organization and Economics 3, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 102–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jaroe.v3i2.17235.

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Objective – This study aims to examine the influence of local government wealth, local government debt levels, and audit opinions on Internet Financial Reporting (IFR) in districts / cities in West Java Province, Indonesia, during the period of 2014-2018. Design/methodology – This study uses panel data regression analysis. Purposive sampling method is utilized with a total of 65 samples consisting of 13 official sites of district/city governments in West Java Province, Indonesia. The period of this research in total is five years. Results – The results of this study indicate that wealth of local governments, local government debt levels, and audit opinions simultaneously influence IFR at 9.81%. Partially the variable of local government wealth and the debt level of local government do not affect IFR, while the audit opinion variable influences IFR in districts/cities in West Java Province during 2014-2018.
20

Thamrin, Azlan. "Politik Hukum Otonomi Daerah Dalam Mewujudkan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan Yang Baik di Bidang Kesehatan." Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam 4, no. 1 (July 31, 2019): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35673/ajmpi.v4i1.130.

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The implementation of regional autonomy provides the opportunity for local governments to create progress in many aspects, including in the field of health. The research site is in Bone Regency.The research aimed (1) to investigate and understand the legal politics of the regional autonomy in realizing the good governance in health sector; (2) to investigate and understand the application of the good governance principles in the implementation of the administration affairs of the government.The research was an empirical legal research which usually called a socio-legal research. The research was conducted in the Regional Government of Bone Regency. The research was qualitative and was supported legal materials. The data were analyzed using the descriptive and qualitative content analysis.The research result indicated that (1) the legal policy of the regional autonomy in the realization of the good governance in health sector in Bone Regency was based on right of the health protection; that the government must give the right to every citizen, and the local government of Bone Regency should be involved in the health protection based on the principles of autonomy. That between the local government and the central government there should be a division of authority in order to avoid the overlapping authority. Therefore, the formats of regulatory, funding, and implementation are needed in order that the implementation of the health service could reach the community directly. (2) The application of a good governance in the implementation of the government affairs in the health sector in Bone Regency is measured based on: the community access to the information about the government coordination, the community trust in the government institutions (particularly in the health sector), the consistency of the local government of Bone Regency in enforcing the law when executing the government, and the involvement of the non-governmental elements in the policy making (particularly in the health sector). All these effect satisfaction level of the authority implementation of the local government of Bone regency in the health sector, 20 out of 40 respondents has given their good evaluation in the health sector; that the health service in the regency has been running well.
21

Knapp, Martin, Daniel Chisholm, Jack Astin, Paul Lelliott, and Bernard Audini. "Public, Private and Voluntary Residential Mental Health Care: Is There a Cost Difference?" Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 3, no. 3 (July 1998): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135581969800300304.

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Objectives: To determine how public (NHS or local government), private (for-profit) and voluntary (non-profit) providers of residential mental health care compare. Do they support different clienteles? And do their services cost different amounts? Methods: Based on a cross-sectional survey of residential care facilities and their residents in eight English and Welsh localities, the characteristics and costs of care in the different sectors (NHS, local government, private, voluntary) were compared. Variations in cost were examined in relation to residents' characteristics using multiple regression analyses, which also allowed standardisation of results before making inter-sectoral comparisons. Results: Private and voluntary providers of residential care support different clienteles from the public sector. The patterns of inter-sectoral cost differences vary between London and non-London localities. In London, voluntary sector facilities may be more cost-efficient than the other sectors, but local government/private sector comparisons show no consistent difference. Outside London, the results suggest clear cost advantages for the private and voluntary sectors over the local government sector. Conclusions: Private and voluntary providers may have some economic advantages over their public counterparts. However, outcomes for residents were not studied, leaving unanswered the question of comparative cost-effectiveness.
22

Silsila Asri and Yahya Krisnawansyah. "KOLABORASI PEMERINTAH PUSAT DAN DAERAH DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN EKONOMI KHUSUS (KEK) DI INDONESIA." Jurnal Administrasi Publik dan Pemerintahan 1, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.55850/simbol.v1i1.9.

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The development of special economic areas (KEK) of local governments collaborates with the central government and private parties. The development of a region into a special economic area requires a real planning and action. Supported by regional autonomy demanding the role of local governments in realizing the SNR, it also requires collaboration with the central government in addition to the large role of the private sector in economic activity. Government and private cooperation with Indonesia's infrastructure development model involves the private sector, local government, central government in a synergy with their respective roles and functions that allow for a clear division of positions, duties and responsibilities set out within the legal framework of legal in carrying out development projects. The strategy that can be pursued by local governments in realizing SNR is to build collaboration with private parties and central government in public private partnership schemes. Keywords: Collaboration, Special Economic Zones, Development
23

van der Waldt, Gerrit, David Fourie, Johan Jordaan, and Margaret Chitiga-Mabugu. "Skills profile of technical staff in the south African local government sector: an empirical survey." Problems and Perspectives in Management 16, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.16(1).2018.17.

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The purpose of this article is to reflect on the findings of a local government sector-wide technical skills audit. A mixed-method research design was followed in both a positivist and interpretivist scientific paradigm to conduct the survey in local, district and metropolitan municipalities. Quantitative and qualitative data were processed and thematic analyses were done per respondent and participant category to obtain rich descriptions of current technical skills challenges and skills development priorities in local government. From the empirical survey it is evident that significant technical skills shortages exist, especially in rural district and local municipalities. This severely compromises the delivery of the four basic technical services, namely water provisioning, waste management, sanitation and sewerage, and electricity.
24

Driver, Mandy. "Urban Sector Network: Gender and Local Government Strategy Workshop." Agenda, no. 17 (1993): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4065519.

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25

Craig, Gary, and Jill Manthorpe. "Unequal Partners? Local Government Reorganization and the Voluntary Sector." Social Policy and Administration 33, no. 1 (March 1999): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9515.00131.

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26

Oliver, Liz, Mark Stuart, and Jennifer Tomlinson. "Equal pay bargaining in the UK local government sector." Journal of Industrial Relations 56, no. 2 (February 17, 2014): 228–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185613517474.

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27

Sharron, Howard, Mary Farmer, Hywel Thomas, Tony Travers, Christine Whitehead, and Jill Yeates. "Pointers: NHS; Education; Local government; Housing; Employment; Public sector." Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy. Public Money 6, no. 4 (March 1987): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540968709387403.

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28

Gilson, Lucy, Peter Kilima, and Marcel Tanner. "Local government decentralization and the health sector in Tanzania." Public Administration and Development 14, no. 5 (1994): 451–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.4230140503.

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29

Keswell‐Burns, Justine. "Restructuring the electricity distribution sector: Implications for local government." Development Southern Africa 15, no. 3 (September 1998): 345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768359808440018.

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30

Pivo, Gary, Adam Douglas Henry, Lena Berger, and Edna Liliana Gomez-Fernandez. "Organizational networks and sustainable urban water practices in US local governments." Water Policy 24, no. 2 (December 22, 2021): 382–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2021.191.

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Abstract Organizational networks are regarded as key in policy innovation for sustainable development. They are thought to enhance innovation through access to first-hand experience, enhanced trust within a community, and exposure to role models and competitors. Despite theoretical pertinence, organizational networks have not been studied as much as other drivers of innovation, such as organizational capacity, leadership, and the socio-political environment. This empirical study explores how networks affect the implementation of Sustainable Urban Water Management Practices (SUWM) at the local level. Using data from 110 local governments in five US regions, we examine the relationship between social interaction and the implementation of SUWM, and how this relationship depends on the types of interaction partners. Our findings show that local governments with larger organizational networks implement more SUWM practices. Collaboration with non-governmental organizations, particularly water sector associations, is strongly associated with an increase in use of SUWM practices. Overall, our findings suggest that creating and maintaining a robust organizational network of other government agencies and non-governmental organizations, especially water sector associations, increases the chances that a local government will implement more SUWM practices.
31

Kluza, Krzysztof. "Sustainability of Local Government Sector Debt. Evidence from Monte-Carlo Simulations." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 14, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/115-132(2016).

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The financial standing of local governments across the European Union was strongly affected by the economic crisis. The local government sector conducted vast investment policies reaching 10.2% of all investments in the EU countries in 2010. However, at the same time its indebtedness expanded significantly. The current low interest rate environment makes the sector vulnerable to future interest rate increases. The presented research analyses the impact of several scenarios of interest rate changes in Poland on the local governments’ ability to service their current debt burdens. Simulations are conducted with the Monte Carlo method. Some scenarios indicate a high vulnerability of local governments to adverse changes in market interest rates, but only if they are combined with a reduction of sector’s operating surplus. Such an economic setup may give rise to systemic problems for the whole public sector.
32

Joseph, Corina, Robyn Pilcher, and Ross Taplin. "Malaysian local government internet sustainability reporting." Pacific Accounting Review 26, no. 1/2 (April 8, 2014): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/par-07-2013-0071.

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Purpose – This study aims to examine determinants of the extent of sustainability reporting on Malaysian local council web sites using a disclosure index within an institutional theory framework. Design/methodology/approach – Adopting a simplified disclosure index to measure the extent of sustainability reporting, the unit of analysis for this research is Malaysian local council web sites. To reduce any subjectivity, the disclosure index is unweighted and consists of 57 items. Findings – Several findings were apparent including size, Local Agenda (LA) 21 and public sector award all being found to be significant predictors of disclosure. Overall, the findings indicate the presence of institutional isomorphism – particularly coercive pressure – in explaining the extent of sustainability reporting on web sites. Research limitations/implications – The research has multiple implications as it provides insights into web site sustainability reporting in a developing country. It also adds support to institutional isomorphism as a valid theoretical framework within this context. Based on there being no mandatory requirement for local authorities to produce annual reports, one limitation is that this paper assumes that the web sites of local authorities are the primary medium for communicating sustainability information. Practical implications – One of the most significant practical implications relates to LA 21 which has a significant impact on sustainability disclosure on Malaysian local council web sites. With 113 countries in total implementing LA 21 to some degree (ICLEI), Malaysia's recognition as a key (developing country) player in advancing sustainable development should be acknowledged. Originality/value – With an apparent lack of web site sustainability reporting research in developing country public sector organisations, this study is unique in that it appears to be the first research conducted in Malaysia analysing sustainability web site reporting using a disclosure index in a local government setting – all within an institutional theory framework. Not only can the disclosure index be used as a tool for future public sector corporate social responsibility related research, but the “new” disclosure instrument provides insights into the extent of sustainability reporting in local authorities.
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Jensen, H. T., and V. Plum. "From Centralised State to Local Government the Case of Poland in the Light of Western European Experience." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 11, no. 5 (October 1993): 565–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d110565.

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Several countries in Western Europe have experienced a restructuring of local and regional government. In Scandinavia local government has been a cornerstone in the building of the welfare society. In the last couple of years Poland (and other Eastern European countries) has been restructured to reduce the central state and to give more power to the private sector and the local government. It is argued that coordination at the local-government level is important for a relevant economic and political response to local problems. A framework is provided for an understanding of the development of the central and local states at the cost of activities performed earlier by the family and the local community, but also as a support (in service and regulation) to activities of the private sector. Second, it is argued that the new EC slogan, ‘a Europe of regions’, has the purpose of strengthening the regional level economically and politically and thereby of dismantling and weakening the national state in order to strengthen the EC. Third, the problems and scope of the Polish local-government reform are illustrated, from vertical control to horizontal coordination. There are difficulties in building powerful local governments at a time when they have nearly no money and are unable to provide the social services which used to be provided through the state firms. There is now a political vacuum for which the upcoming new private sector and the new local governments fight.
34

Shi, Yu, and Rebecca Hendrick. "The problem of the fiscal common-pool: is there an overlap effect on state and local debt?" Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 32, no. 2 (May 15, 2020): 137–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbafm-11-2019-0176.

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PurposeThe objective of the study is to determine if an over-borrowing bias emerges when the state fiscal base is shared by multiple general-purpose and special-purpose jurisdictions serving different groups of citizens.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses panel data from all 50 states in the US from 1997 to 2007 to estimate models of total debt levels of state governments and total debt levels of all local governments aggregated at the state level. For comparison, it also estimates total debt levels of state and local governments taken together for the same years.FindingsThis study finds that jurisdictional overlap will increase state government debt, local government debt, as well as combined state and local government debt.Originality/valueThe finding from the study suggests that the fiscal common-pool model provides a more accurate analysis and more appropriate understanding of the institutional composition at the state and local public sector, especially for the vertical dimension of the local public sector where there are more specialized and overlapping jurisdictions.
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Carlsen, F. "Central Regulation of Local Government Borrowing: A Game-Theoretical Approach." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 12, no. 2 (June 1994): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c120213.

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In this paper the author considers whether central authorities should regulate local sector borrowing. Local government's debt policy is modeled as the outcome of a two-period game between three agents: Central government, local government, and a bureau which produces services on behalf of local government. A key assumption of the model is that neither central nor local government is able to undertake long-term budget commitments. Two rationales are found for central regulations. First, local government is prevented from using deficits strategically to extract higher grants from central authorities. Second, the debt limit gives credibility to local government's budget policy towards the bureau.
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Wahyudi, Wenny Widya, Dominicus Savio Priyarsono, and Amzul Rifin. "Perencanaan Pembangunan Ekonomi Wilayah Berbasis Sektor Unggulan, Kasus : Kabupaten Pasaman Pasca Otonomi Daerah." Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia 2, no. 2 (March 22, 2017): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jai.2014.2.2.159-176.

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In the economic aspect, regional development planning is how to determine role of economic sector in achieving targeted growth followed by investment activity from government and private sector. Local government have limited resources and funding sources, thus the local government needs a development priority. The aims of this study are to determine the basic sector in Pasaman, to assess the budget performance of Pasaman Regency from 2004 to 2012, to analyze impact of local government budgets on the basic sector, and to determine the appropriate budget policies to increase basic sector performance. The data is analyzed with LQ (Location Quotient), SSA (Shift Share Analysis), descriptive analysis, and correlation analysis. The results showed that agriculture is a basic sector with high competitiveness than any other sector in Pasaman Regency and Pasaman Regency highly depends on the central government budget. Agriculture Gross Regional Domestic Product is highly correlated with regular budget and development budget. In order to boost performance of the agricultural sector, local government should manage its local budget strategy. The local goverment needs to increase the independence of the local budget as well as to manage its natural resources and human resources. The government also should increase the proportion of development spending, especially development budget in agricultural sector.
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Nuswantara, Dian Anita, and Ach Maulidi. "The efficacy of control environment as fraud deterrence in local government." Management & Marketing 12, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 591–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mmcks-2017-0035.

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Abstract In a globalised scenario, the topic of an enormous increase of malfeasance in the local governments, posing catastrophic threats which come from vicious bureaucratic apparatus, becomes a global phenomenon. This current study uses case study material on the risk management control system specially the control environment in Indonesia local governments to extend existing theory by developing a contingency theory for the public sector. Within local government, contingency theory has emerged as a lens for exploring the links between public sector initiatives to improve risk mitigation and the structure of the control system. The case illustrates that the discretion of control environment - the encouragement of a local government’s control environment - is considered as a springboard for fraud deterrence and might be the loopholes in the government control systems.
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Reckhow, Sarah, Davia Downey, and Joshua Sapotichne. "Governing Without Government: Nonprofit Governance in Detroit and Flint." Urban Affairs Review 56, no. 5 (May 12, 2019): 1472–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078087419847531.

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Scholars across the social sciences have shown how economic, social, and political changes are weakening local governments and contributing to rising nonprofit activity in urban politics. But these trends could now add up to a new form of decision-making in some American cities. The convergence of public sector austerity and a burgeoning philanthropic and nonprofit sector have created space for what we call “nonprofit governance.” In some cities, nonprofit leaders can guide urban policy, sometimes with limited input from elected officials or citizens. First, we apply insights from studies in comparative politics to demonstrate how nonprofit leadership can expand, particularly in the context of a weak state. Next, we assess trends in public sector capacity, based on local government employment in Midwestern U.S. cities. We closely examine Detroit and Flint due to dramatic declines in local government capacity and recent public sector crises in both cities, focusing on the role of nonprofits in each. These leading-edge cases allow us to trace the development of nonprofit governance and explore different forms of nonprofit and local government relationships.
39

Belman, Dale, John S. Heywood, and John Lund. "Public Sector Earnings and the Extent of Unionization." ILR Review 50, no. 4 (July 1997): 610–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979399705000404.

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Many studies have examined the influence of union density (union members as a percentage of all workers) on earnings in the private sector, but few such studies have looked at the public sector. Using data from the 1991 Current Population Survey, this study estimates the determinants of earnings for state and local government employees in both the union and nonunion sectors. The extent of public sector unionization appears to be positively correlated with earnings for both state and local government workers and for those covered and not covered by collective agreements. Although the effect for non-covered employees is smaller than that for covered employees, both effects are larger than those typically found in similar estimates for the private sector. The authors also find that bargaining structure has some influence on earnings, with the most consistent effect being a positive influence of arbitration on the earnings of local government workers.
40

Byamugisha, Albert, and Benon C. Basheka. "Evaluating the Budget and Efficiency of the Security, Justice and Governance Cluster in Uganda: An Empirical Analysis." Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v3i2.80.

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Performance measurement has increasingly become central to the efficiency and effectiveness of any government – developed or developing. The introduction of public sector reforms, which transferred most service delivery obligations to the private sector under the New Public Management (NPM) doctrines, demanded a strong performance measurement framework. Sequel to continual government's role in public service delivery in the last decade coming under attack, a revival interest in the exact role of government in public services delivery has thus become imperative. Evaluating performance of different sectors of government is paramount and provides useful information for effective decision-making. This article presents empirical findings of the Government Half Annual Performance Report for the security, justice and governance cluster. The objective is to highlight areas where progress has been made against the set targets and actions and where delays have been occasioned within the context of Uganda. These findings however are useful in guiding different actors including Cabinet and line Ministries, Departments, Agencies and Local governments in ensuring that agreed targets are met at the end of the Financial Year.
41

Abeki, Sunny Okoro. "Local Government Administration And The Development Of Informal Economic Sector In Nigeria: A Study Of Yenegoa Local Government Area, Bayelsa State." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 9 (September 10, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.79.8964.

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This study examined local gove rnment policy on informal economic activities and its development Implications. The study used descriptive survey design and also sampled two hundred respondents using purposive sampling technique. The study was guided by Three research questions and objectives in line with the statement of problem. The study extensively reviewed existing literature on the subject matter with focus on government approach towards the development of informal economic sector in Yenegoa .Problems and challenges of the sector was also look at.From the analysis the study found out that there exist no concrete local government policy on the informal economic activities in Yenegoa local government which eventually is the capital of Bayelsa.The lack of policy created poor coordination of the sector and by extension loss of developmental revenue.The lack of policy also hinder the council proper provision of micro credit facility to the sector.These problem culminated to the use of available space including the roads by retailers and road side traders to carry out trading activities.The lack of policy has made all maner of persons to collect illegal taxes from those involve in the informal economic activities.Based on these findings the study recommends among others adequate policy regulations and provision of micro credit to boost economic activities at the informal sector.
42

Sing, D. "Changing approaches to financing and financial management in the South African local government sector." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 6, no. 4 (November 15, 2003): 868–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v6i4.1526.

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Sections 152 and 153 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (Act 108 of 1996) have given local government a developmental mandate. Local government has a constitutional obligation to participate in national and provincial development programmes. Local government should become a powerful development catalyst in collaboration with other spheres of government, the non-governmental sector and the local citizenry. It has to address social, economic and infrastructural backlogs and inequalities in a stable and sustainable manner to ensure developmental outcomes are reached. Different financing and financial management policies, strategies, structures, processes and procedures have to be instituted with a view to transformation and innovation. Constant and consistent monitoring, analysis and evaluation of these policies, strategies structures, processes and procedures should ensure these constitutional imperatives.
43

Main, Jonathon. "Playing in the Sandpit Together Alone." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 4, no. 1 (March 12, 2012): 26–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v4i1.2345.

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The community services sector is the largest provider of non-profit human services in Australia. This sector has experienced considerable growth as a consequence of public policy and sector reforms introduced by successive governments over the past two decades. These reforms have seen the introduction of private sector managerialist agendas, outsourcing of government services and competitive tendering processes. As the community sector has grown governments have sought to consolidate program funding mechanisms, simplify contracting out arrangements and encourage collaboration and formal partnerships through national tender processes. In recent years there has been significant evidence of governments actively encouraging formal intrasectoral partnerships and consortia in program tenders. While there is a considerable body of overseas and national literature on partnerships and collaboration, the predominant focus is on intersectoral relationships such as public-private partnerships between government and the business sector or government contracted services to the community sector. This research responds to a call for more local research on partnerships and collaboration in the Australian community service sector. A case study approach was used to examine the key drivers of intrasectoral partnership and collaborative practice in the context of the literature within business, government and community sectors. The study found prior interactions between organisations significantly influenced whether these drivers were viewed as strong, weak or ambiguous. The findings contribute to the understanding of intrasectoral partnerships and collaboration in the community sector in that prior relationships understood as parallel (i.e. disengaged) or cooperative in nature, can be predictive of potential partnership relationships and outcomes.
44

Walker, Jill. "Local politics and the local authority labour market." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 2, no. 3 (November 1987): 181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690948708725901.

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The 1979 election heralded a new approach to public sector finance and employment. For local government, this has involved a new regulatory framework, which attempts to reproduce private sector financial and labour market structures. This article examines the effect of this new regulatory framework on the labour markets of three case study local authorities and the manner in which those effects have been mediated by local politics over the period 1979–1984
45

Nor, Wahyudin, Muhammad Hudaya, and Rifqi Novriyandana. "Financial statements disclosure on Indonesian local government websites." Asian Journal of Accounting Research 4, no. 1 (August 5, 2019): 112–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajar-06-2019-0043.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which audit opinion, audit findings, follow-up audit recommendations, level of education, level of welfare and heads of local governments’ commitment influence the disclosure of financial statements on the official website of local government. Design/methodology/approach The data of this research comprise 68 financial statements during the period 2015–2016 collected from 34 local governments across Indonesia by employing the census method. The data then are analyzed using logistic regression. Findings The results of this study show that audit opinion has a positive significant influence on the disclosure of financial statements on local government websites in Indonesia, while the audit findings, follow-up audit recommendations, level of education, level of welfare and heads of local governments’ commitment have no significant influences on the disclosure of financial statements local governments’ websites across Indonesia. Originality/value The study contributes to the public sector accounting research by enhancing our understanding to the disclosure of financial statements on local government websites.
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Hadi, Ahwan, Lilik Handajani, and I. Nyoman Nugraha Ardana Putra. "Financial Disclosure based on Web-ICT Determinants." International Research Journal of Management, IT & Social Sciences 5, no. 1 (January 19, 2018): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v5i1.598.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of local government characteristic and accountability performance on the financial disclosure based on WEB-ICT and how it’s implications for local government financial performance as a response to the public information disclosure requirements. Using 307 regencies and cities local government in Indonesia as samples based on purposive sampling and analyze by SEM-PLS technique. The result shows that local government characteristic and accountability of local government performance has a positive influence on financial disclosure based on web-ICT. It indicates that local governments with better performance accountability levels and have greater or more mature characteristics will disclose wider financial information through the website. These findings are consistent with the signaling theory which states that organizations tend to provide a signal in the form of information disclosure to stakeholders to describe positive conditions. This study also found that financial disclosure based on web-ICT has a negative influence on local government financial performance, public sector characteristics that are nonprofit oriented cause disclosure of financial information does not encourage the financial performance of local government. Unlike the private sector, the disclosure of information encourages better corporate financial performance.
47

Van Schoubroeck, Frank H. J., R. N. Sah, and H. Sigdel. "Linking the forestry sector financial system with local government institutions." Banko Janakari 14, no. 1 (March 25, 2017): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v14i1.17053.

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48

Murray, J. Gordon. "Local government and private sector purchasing strategy: a comparative study." European Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management 7, no. 2 (June 2001): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-7012(00)00006-x.

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49

Ball, Amanda. "A sustainability accounting project for the UK local government sector?" Critical Perspectives on Accounting 15, no. 8 (November 2004): 1009–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1045-2354(02)00209-5.

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50

Schneider, Annika, and Grant Samkin. "Intellectual capital reporting by the New Zealand local government sector." Journal of Intellectual Capital 9, no. 3 (July 25, 2008): 456–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14691930810892036.

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