Добірка наукової літератури з теми "M. pudica"

The study evaluated the effects of Mimusa pudica (M. pudica) leaf extract on type 2 diabetes in rats fed high fructose diet (HFD). Rats were fed either control diet or HFD for 14 days, following which the diet was fortified with M. Pudica at a dose of 500 mg/kg BW. After 8 weeks, HFD caused deleterious metabolic effects, including increased body weight, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia and liver dysfunction. Further, rats fed HFD alone showed increased activities of hepatocellular enzymes in plasma and lipid deposition in liver. Treatment with M. pudica significantly reduced the body weight, improved insulin sensitivity, managed the dyslipidemia and reduced liver damage towards normal. Histopathology of the liver confirmed the changes induced by HFD and the M. pudiac treatment significantly reversed towards normality. These data suggest that M. pudica treatment improve insulin sensitivity and attenuates fat accumulation in liver.

Syahid MAN, Utari CRS, Djumarga S. 2011. Effect of putri malu extract (Mimosa pudica) on Ascaris suum mortality in vitro. Biofarmasi 9: 33-37. This study was to determine the influence of Mimosa pudica extract in Ascaris suum mortality. This research was a laboratory experiment, with a post-test only with control group design by using 140 adult A. suum, divided into seven groups. This research used NaCl 0.9% for a negative control, pirantel pamoat 5 mg/mL solution for a positive control, and five intervention by using 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% concentration of M. pudica extract. The observation was conducted in every two hours until worm death and it was started to be counted after all worm death. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA test continued with Least Significance Difference (LSD) by using SPP for Window Release 17 with a significance level p<0.05. The results showed that all A. suum death in 96 hours at negative control, 2 hours at positive control, 29.5 hours at 20% M. pudica extract, 24.5 hours at 40% M. pudica extract, 16 hours at 60% M. pudica extract, 12 hours at 80% M. pudica extract and 4 hours at 100% M. pudica extract. There was a significant difference in the death time of A. suum in all research groups. From the result of research, it could be concluded that the extract of putri malu had an effect on accelerating A. suum mortality time.

In order to study the adaptive anatomical structures during nastic movement of Mimosa pudica L., anatomical structures of main pulvinus, common petioles, rachis and leaflets were compared with Albizia julibrissin Durazz. (taken as control). The anatomical structures of main pulvinus and common petiole of M. pudica were different from that of A. julibrissin. Upon stimuliti, the protoplast volume of M. pudica in the lower cortical parenchyma cells become smaller than that in upper ones, a feature seldom found in A. julibrissin. There were found many reticulate lacunas on the two side of adaxial petiole of M. pudica, but nil in A. julibrissin. Similarly some ill developed lacunas were found in the pulvinus of rachis and leaflet of M. pudica, but absent in A. julibrissin. It appears that reticulate lacunas in common petiole of M. pudica are responsible for its strong nastic movement. The main sensitivity position lies at the base of common petiole, where the lower cortex is more sensitive than the upper cortex, and the ordinal sensitivity positions are rachis and leaflets. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v42i1.15876 Bangladesh J. Bot. 42(1): 131-137, 2013 (June)

Mimosa pudica (Linn.) ( M. pudica L.) is a plant used in some countries to treat anxiety and depression. In the present study we investigated the effects of an aqueous extract of M. pudica L. on mouse anxiety-like behaviour using the elevated T maze, and on regulation of dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neuronal activity using an in-vitro mouse brain slice preparation. Acute treatment with M. pudica L. extract had an anxiolytic effect on behaviour in the elevated T maze, specifically on inhibitory avoidance behaviour. Acute application of the extract alone had no effect on the activity of DRN 5-HT neurones. However, when co-applied with the GABAA receptor agonist THIP (4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4- c]pyridin-3-ol), the extract enhanced the inhibitory effect of the THIP on DRN 5-HT neurones. These observed effects of M. pudica L. on both behaviour and GABA modulation of 5-HT neuronal activity are similar to the effects of diazepam, the established anxiolytic and positive modulator of the GABAA receptor. This study suggests that the aqueous extract of M. pudica L. contains a positive modulator of GABAA receptor function and provides impetus for further investigation of the neuropharmacologically active constituents of the extract.

Objective: Mimosa pudica is a traditional medicinal plant. The natural antioxidant compounds from plants mop up the free radicals causing cell damage and maintain the biological systems. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the free radical scavenging potential of the ethanolic and aqueous thorn extracts of M. pudica.Methods: The ethanolic and aqueous thorn extracts of M. pudica were analyzed for the phytochemicals and for free radical scavenging activity by 1, 1 diphenyl 1-2-picric hydrazine (DPPH), 2, 2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and nitric oxide free radical scavenging method.Results: Flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, alkaloids, terpenoids, and coumarins were the phytoconstituents revealed in ethanolic and aqueous thorn extracts of M. pudica. At 250 μg/mL concentrations, aqueous thorn extracts of M. pudica exhibited 73.41% radical scavenging activity by DPPH method and 26.10% inhibition by nitric oxide free radical scavenging method. However, the ethanolic extracts of M. pudica thorns exhibited 73.35% inhibition by ABTS free radical scavenging method at 250 μg/mL concentrations.Conclusion: The results obtained suggest that the plant extracts from M. pudica could serve as a potential source of antioxidant in slowing down the process of aging and age-related or oxidative stress-related degenerative diseases. Moreover, the isolation of bioactive principle responsible for the antioxidant activity and formulation of novel therapeutic agents can be further studied.

Background: The World Health Organization included snakebite envenomation among Neglected Tropical Diseases in 2017. The importance of natural products from plants is enormous, given that most prescribed drugs originate from plants. Among this is Mucuna pruriens and Mimosa pudica, with many registered patents asserting their health benefits. Objective: This study investigated the in vitro neutralizing effects of Mucuna pruriens seed and Mimosa pudica root extracts on venoms of Naja nigricollis and Bitis arietans. Methods: In mice, the LD50 and phytochemical analysis of M. pruriens and M. pudica plant extracts were carried out prior to the evaluation of their haemolytic and fibrinolytic effect. Their effects on the activities of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) were also assessed. Results: At a concentration of 50 mg/ml, both plant extracts were found to neutralize the fibrinolytic activity of N. nigricollis, but 400 mg/ml was required to neutralize the fibrinolytic activity of B. arietans. In haemolytic studies, 50 mg/ml concentration of M. pruriens extract suppressed haemolysis caused by N. nigricollis venom by 70% but at the same concentration, M. pudica extract reduced haemolysis by 49.4%. M. pruriens, at 50 mg/ml concentration, only inhibited phospholipase A2 activity by 7.7% but higher concentrations up to 400mg/ml had no effect against the venom of N. nigricollis; at 200 mg/ml. M. pudica extract inhibited PLA2 activity by 23%. Conclusion: The results suggest that M. pruriens and M. pudica may be considered as promising antivenom agents for people living in a snake-bite prone environment.

Due to the emergence of increased level of antibiotic resistance among uropathogens, urinary tract infections or UTI became a severe menace to mankind affecting millions of people every year. At this context, the present study was designed to compare the antagonistic activity exhibited by Mimosa pudica and Moringa oleifera against UTI causing bacteria and the phytochemical constituents possessed by them. Various solvent extracts of the leaves of M. pudica and M. oleifera were prepared and evaluated for their antagonistic activities against urinary tract infection causing bacteria by agar well diffusion method. Also the phytochemical screening of these two plants was done qualitatively. The results of the antagonistic activity of M. pudica and M. oleifera revealed that the leaves of both the plants possess remarkable antagonistic properties against bacteria causing UTI. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins and coumarins. From the above study, it can be concluded that the leaves of M. pudica can be considered as a potential agent of antagonistic properties that can be used to develop novel drugs against bacteria that cause UTI.

ABSTRACT The objective of the present research is to characterize the phytotoxic activity of geopropolis from the Jandaira bee (Melipona subnitida Ducke) in the state of Ceará in Northeast Brazil and to analyze its effects. Extracts were prepared in 80% v/v grain alcohol at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0%. Their effects were determined on seed germination, radicle elongation, and hypocotyl growth of the pasture weeds malícia (Mimosa pudica) and mata-pasto (Senna obtusifolia). Extract phytotoxicity varied as functions of plant species, application dosage, and plant organ. M. pudica was more sensitive to the inhibitory effects of geopropolis than S. obtusifolia. There was a phytotoxic effect of 50% (PE50) for S. obtusifolia in terms of seed germination and in rootlet development near the maximum applied concentrations. M. pudica had PE50 and PE90 at the minimum concentration (0.25%) and near the maximum (1.00%), respectively. Thus, geopropolis extracts from the Jandaira bee (M. subnitida) are potentially phytotoxic to certain plant species.

Bacterial symbionts present in the indeterminate-type nitrogen (N)-fixing nodules of Mimosa pudica grown in North and South India showed maximum similarity to Ralstonia taiwanensis on the basis of carbon-source utilization patterns and 16S rDNA sequence. Isolates from the nodules of M. pudica from North India and South India showed identical ARDRA (Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis) patterns with Sau3AI and RsaI, but AluI revealed dimorphy between the North Indian and South Indian isolates. Alignment of 16S rDNA sequences revealed similarity of North Indian isolates with an R. taiwanensis strain isolated from M. pudica in Taiwan, whereas South Indian isolates showed closer relatedness with the isolates from Mimosa diplotricha. Alignment of nifH sequences from both North Indian and South Indian isolates with that of the related isolates revealed their closer affinity to α-rhizobia, suggesting that nif genes in the β-rhizobia might have been acquired from α-rhizobia via lateral transfer during co-occupancy of nodules by α-rhizobia and progenitors of R. taiwanensis, members of the β-subclass of Proteobacteria. Immunological cross-reaction of the bacteroid preparation of M. pudica nodules showed strong a positive signal with anti-dinitrogenase reductase antibody, whereas a weak positive cross-reaction was observed with free-living R. taiwanensis grown microaerobically in minimal medium with and without NH4Cl. In spite of the expression of dinitrogenase reductase under free-living conditions, acetylene reduction was not observed under N-free conditions even after prolonged incubation.Key words: symbiotic nitrogen fixation, Mimosa pudica, rhizobia, phylogeny, 16S rDNA, nifH, Ralstonia taiwanensis.

The β-rhizobium Cupriavidus taiwanensis is a nitrogen-fixing symbiont of Mimosa pudica. Nod factors produced by this species were previously found to be pentameric chitin-oligomers carrying common C18:1 or C16:0 fatty acyl chains, N-methylated and C-6 carbamoylated on the nonreducing terminal N-acetylglucosamine and sulfated on the reducing terminal residue. Here, we report that, in addition, C. taiwanensis LMG19424 produces molecules where the reducing sugar is open and oxidized. We identified a novel nodulation gene located on the symbiotic plasmid pRalta, called noeM, which is involved in this atypical Nod factor structure. noeM encodes a transmembrane protein bearing a fatty acid hydroxylase domain. This gene is expressed during symbiosis with M. pudica and requires NodD and luteolin for optimal expression. The closest noeM homologs formed a separate phylogenetic clade containing rhizobial genes only, which are located on symbiosis plasmids downstream from a nod box. Corresponding proteins, referred to as NoeM, may have specialized in symbiosis via the connection to the nodulation pathway and the spread in rhizobia. noeM was mostly found in isolates of the Mimoseae tribe, and specifically detected in all tested strains able to nodulate M. pudica. A noeM deletion mutant of C. taiwanensis was affected for the nodulation of M. pudica, confirming the role of noeM in the symbiosis with this legume.

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Mechanic natural skin lesions in horses caused by thorns of Mimosa spp. are described. Between the three plant species identified as responsible for the lesions, Mimosa setosa was present in greater quantity (80%) in the pasture, whilst M. debilis and M. pudica existed in lower proportion. Three ulcerative dermatitis outbreaks were observed during rainy periods of April to May 2013, December 2013 to February 2014 and April to May of the same year. Twenty-five horses from the Sector of Animal Reproduction, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, showed ulcerative skin lesions with irregular borders, hemorrhagic exudate, sometimes covered with scabs, located mainly in the regions of the pastern, fetlock, scapular-humeral joints, upper and lower lips, nose, nostrils, cheeks and chamfer. Seven horses were biopsied and histopathological examination revealed ulceration of the skin with inflammatory infiltrate by macrophages and neutrophils, delimited by granulation tissue. In some cases, microspicules of these plants (hirsute trichomes) were found throughout the inflammatory reaction. The diagnosis of skin dermatitis, caused by traumatic action of the plants, was based on the presence of Mimosa spp. in the pasture, on the characteristic clinic-pathological features and on recovery of the horses after their removal from the pasture. This appears to be the first report of the occurrence of ulcerative dermatitis caused by Mimosa setosa, as dermatitis caused by the others has been described before.
Descrevem-se les?es de natureza mec?nico-traum?tica na pele de equ?deos causadas por espinhos de Mimosa spp. Dentre as tr?s esp?cies da planta identificadas como respons?veis pelas les?es, M. setosa estava presente em maior quantidade e M. debilis e M. pudica encontravam-se em menor propor??o na pastagem. Ocorreram tr?s surtos de dermatite ulcerativa em per?odos chuvosos de abril a maio de 2013, dezembro de 2013 a fevereiro de 2014 e abril a maio deste mesmo ano. Vinte e cinco equinos do Setor de Reprodu??o Animal da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro apresentaram les?es ulcerativas na pele com contornos irregulares, exsudato serosanguinolento, por vezes recobertas com crostas. Localizadas principalmente nas regi?es da quartela, boleto, articula??es escapulo-umeral, l?bios superiores e inferiores, focinho, narinas, bochechas e chanfro. Sete animais foram biopsiados e o exame histopatol?gico revelou ulcera??o da epiderme e infiltrado inflamat?rio constitu?do por macr?fagos e neutr?filos, delimitado por tecido de granula??o subjacente. Em alguns casos, foram observados microesp?culos das referidas plantas (tricomas hirsutos) em meio ? rea??o inflamat?ria. O diagn?stico de dermatite cut?nea causada pela a??o traum?tica da planta baseou-se na presen?a de Mimosa spp. na pastagem, nos achados cl?nico-patol?gicos caracter?sticos e na recupera??o dos animais ap?s a retirada destes do pasto. Trata-se da primeira observa??o sobre a ocorr?ncia de dermatite ulcerativa causada por Mimosa setosa.

La symbiose qui s'établit entre les légumineuses et les bactéries appelées rhizobia est un processus complexe qui aboutit à la formation d'un nouvel organe végétal, le nodule, dans lequel les bactéries internalisées (bactéroïdes) fixent l'azote atmosphérique au profit de leur hôte. Les rhizobia ne constituent pas un groupe taxonomique homogène. Ils appartiennent à une quinzaine de genres dispersés au sein des α- and ß-protéobactéries. Les rhizobia auraient évolué à partir du transfert horizontal de gènes essentiels à la symbiose, suivi d'une réorganisation du génome d'accueil sous pression de sélection de la plante permettant une activation et/ou optimisation du potentiel symbiotique acquis. Ce scénario évolutif a été reproduit en laboratoire par une approche d'évolution expérimentale. Le plasmide symbiotique du symbiote de Mimosa pudica, Cupriavidus taiwanensis LMG19424, a été introduit dans la bactérie pathogène de plante Ralstonia solanacearum GMI1000. A partir de cette bactérie chimère 18 lignées parallèles ont été évoluées par des cycles successifs d'inoculation à M. pudica et ré-isolation des bactéries des nodules. Après 16 cycles d'évolution, trois observations ont été faites : i) les bactéries évoluées ne fixent pas l'azote et l'évolution vers le mutualisme n'est donc pas achevée à ce stade, ii) un gène de fonction inconnue semble important pour l'infection intracellulaire, et iii) les mutations permettant l'acquisition et/ou l'amélioration de l'infection des cellules du nodule semblent également améliorer la nodulation. Afin d'identifier les conditions favorables à l'émergence du mutualisme dans l'expérience d'évolution et potentiellement dans la nature, nous avons analysé la dynamique spatio-temporelle de deux sous-populations quasi isogéniques de C. taiwanensis, l'une fixatrice d'azote (Fix+) et l'autre non fixatrice (Fix-), au cours du processus symbiotique avec M. pudica. Nous avons observé une dégénérescence précoce et sélective des Fix-, y compris lorsqu'ils partagent un même nodule avec des Fix+, et établit la cinétique d'expansion des Fix+ au cours du temps. A partir d'un modèle mathématique et de validations expérimentales, nous avons prédit que de rares Fix+ envahiraient une population majoritairement Fix- au cours de cycles successifs de nodulation avec une probabilité fonction de la taille initiale de l'inoculum, du nombre de plantes inoculées et de la longueur des cycles. Par la suite nous avons étudié le rôle d'un gène du plasmide symbiotique de C. taiwanensis, dont la délétion dans l'une des lignées était responsable d'un défaut d'infection intracellulaire. Nous avons montré que ce gène, appelé noeM, est un gène de nodulation impliqué dans la biosynthèse de facteurs Nod atypiques où le sucre réducteur est ouvert et oxydé. noeM est principalement détecté dans des isolats de plantes appartenant à la tribu des Mimoseae, et particulièrement chez les souches capables de noduler M. pudica. Les gènes noeM forment un clade phylogénétique à part et spécifique des rhizobia. Un mutant ΔnoeM de C. taiwanensis s'est avéré affecté pour la nodulation de M. pudica, confirmant son rôle dans la symbiose avec cette légumineuse. Enfin, l'analyse cytologique détaillée de l'infection racinaire de M. pudica par C. taiwanensis et quelques souches de R. solanacearum portant une mutation adaptative de l'infection intracellulaire a été initiée, afin d'analyser l'impact de ces mutations sur les étapes symbiotiques précoces
The symbiosis between legumes and bacteria, known as rhizobia, is a complex process resulting in the formation of a novel plant organ, the nodule, in which internalized bacteria (bacteroids) fix nitrogen to the benefit of the host plant. Rhizobia do not form a homogeneous taxonomic group. They belong to a dozen of genera scattered within α- and ß-proteobacteria. Rhizobia may have evolved from horizontal transfer of key symbiotic genes, followed by genome remodeling under plant selection pressure, allowing the activation and/or optimization of the acquired symbiotic potential. This evolutionary scenario is being replayed in the laboratory using an experimental evolution approach. The symbiotic plasmid of the Mimosa pudica symbiont, Cupriavidus taiwanensis LMG19424, was introduced into the plant pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum GMI1000. 18 parallel lineages were derived from this chimeric ancestor using serial cycles of inoculation with M. pudica and re-isolation of bacteria from the nodules. After 16 cycles of evolution, three observations were done: i) the evolved bacteria do not fix nitrogen and evolution towards mutualism is not completed, ii) a gene of unknown function seems to be involved in intracellular infection and iii) the mutations that allow and/or improve intracellular infection also improve nodulation capacity. To determine conditions that favor the emergence of mutualism in the laboratory and possibly in nature, we analyzed the spatio-temporal dynamics of two quasi-isogenic sub-populations of C. taiwanensis, one nitrogen-fixing (Fix+) and the other not (Fix-), along their symbiotic process with M. pudica. We observed an early degenerescence of Fix- bacteroids, even when they share a nodule with Fix+, and established the kinetics of Fix+ expansion along time. Using mathematical modeling and experimental validations, we predicted that rare Fix+ will invade a population dominated by non-fixing bacteria during serial nodulation cycles with a probability that is function of initial inoculum, plant population size and nodulation cycle length. Then, we studied the role of a C. taiwanensis symbiotic plasmid gene, whose deletion in one lineage was responsible of intracellular infection defect. We showed that this gene, called noeM, is a novel nodulation gene involved in the biosynthesis of atypical Nod factors where the reducing sugar is open and oxidized. noeM was mostly found in isolates of the Mimoseae tribe, especially in all strains able to nodulate M. pudica. The noeM genes form a separate phylogenetic clade containing only rhizobial genes. A noeM deletion mutant of C. taiwanensis was affected for the nodulation of M. pudica confirming the role of noeM in the symbiosis with this legume. Last, we initiated the detailed cytological analysis of M. pudica root infection by C. taiwanensis and a few strains bearing adaptive mutations for intracellular infection, in order to analyze the effect of these mutations on early symbiotic stages

1. Descripción del caso Paciente que inicia consumo de diversas sustancias (tabaco, OH, heroína y cocaína) durante la adolescencia. Ha estado en diversos centros de deshabituación sin éxito. Inicia seguimiento conjunto en USMC y CTA en 2014 a la edad de 31 años. El cuadro que presenta destaca por ánimo depresivo que se desarrolla sobre una personalidad limítrofe con tendencia a las dependencias y conductas impulsivas y compulsivas que afectan al consumo de sustancias y también a otras facetas como la alimentación, el estudio o el juego. 2. Evolución En el estudio longitudinal, el paciente ha presentado episodios depresivos en los que se siente triste y desesperanzado, abandona todo, no se cuida, no come, no se asea, se desorganiza conductualmente y se aisla. Estos episodios suelen durar unos 2 meses y se alternan con otros de menor duración en los que predomina la sintomatología maniforme con hiperactividad, exaltación del ánimo y mayor consumo de tóxicos y otros mixtos. Su tratamiento actual es: - Suboxone 18 mg c/ 24h - Escitalopram 10 mg 1-0-0 - Vortioxetina 10 mg 1-0-0 - Lamotrigina 100 mg 1-0-0 - Litio 400 mg 1-0-0 - Maintena 400 mg 1 amp. I. M. c/ 28 días - Lorazepam 1 mg si ansiedad 3. Discusión del caso Cuando coexisten un diagnóstico de TAB, TLP y TUS es difícil conocer qué apareció primero y qué fue consecuencia de los demás trastornos o si estos diagnósticos forman parte de un continuum del mismo espectro que pudiera aparecer en la adolescencia y con frecuencia se infradiagnostica. El diagnóstico de TAB y TLP comparten síntomas siendo los más destacados la irritabilidad, la disforia y la desinhibición o descontrol de impulsos. Estos pacientes implican per se una gran dificultad en el manejo que limitan en ocasiones las intervenciones terapéuticas.