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1
Kamalongo, Donwell, Donald Siyeni, Pacsu Lukamba Simwaka, Amos Robert Ngwira, Geckem Dambo, Prisca Munene, and Masautso Mphangamo. "Competitive Effects of Dwarf Bean Cultivars (Phaseoulus vulgaris L.) on Maize (Zea mays L.) Intercrop Productivity Influenced by Spatial Arrangements." Agronomy 15, no. 3 (February 28, 2025): 613. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15030613.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Competitive effects and responses influenced by spatial arrangements and dwarf bean interactions were assessed in traditional maize/bean intercropping systems in northern Malawi at the Meru Experimental Research Station between the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 growing seasons. A revised maize population with reduced plant spacing as a response to crop intensification limited the inclusion of bean intercrops and, hence, reduced bean productivity. Increasing dwindling landholding per capita aggravated the need to identify suitable bean cultivars for intercropping. Five dwarf bean varieties bred for a sole cropping system were evaluated in four spatial intercropping arrangements with maize at two bean planting densities in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) replicated four times in an additive series. Interactions between companion crops were assessed with the land equivalent ratio (LER) and aggressivity (A). Crop yields were measured to ascertain crop interactions. The PLER showed significantly higher values for maize than bean intercrops. Across the two cropping seasons and at any bean sowing density, alternate-row intercropping showed statistically better land and resource use efficiencies than within-row intercropping. The A values for maize were higher than beans in the intercropping systems. In the intercropping system, maize and beans had positive and negative A values, respectively. In both growing seasons, LER and A values increased in alternate-row over within-row intercropping systems, demonstrating that maize/dwarf bean intercropping has the potential to improve productivity among smallholder farmers in Malawi. All bean cultivars performed well in intercropping arrangements in both seasons except for Mnyambitira, which performed inferiorly in within-row intercropping except for alternate-rows. At any bean sowing density, farmers can realise more benefits if the bean intercrops are spatially sown in alternate-row than within-row arrangements
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Bitew, Yayeh, Bitwoded Derebe, Abebe Worku, and Gobezie Chakelie. "Response of maize and common bean to spatial and temporal differentiation in maize-common bean intercropping." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (October 1, 2021): e0257203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257203.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An experiment on maize (Zea mays)-common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) intercropping was conducted for two years (2014 and 2016) at two locations in North western Ethiopia with the objective of determining the spatial arrangement and planting date of common bean. Common bean intercropped with maize at three planting dates (simultaneously with maize, at emergence and knee height of maize) in two spatial arrangements (alternate and paired arrangements).The experimental design was factotrial randomized complete block design with three replications. Sole maize and common bean were included as a check. Results revealed that the spatial and temporal differentiation significantly affect only the agronomic attributes of common bean in common bean-maize intercropping. At Adet the grain yield of common bean (1.9 t ha-1), LER (1.99) and MAI (357) in maize-common bean intercropping was higher when common bean was planted at the same time with maize in paired planting pattern. On the other hand, maximum LER (1.61) and MAI (2.83) at Finoteselam were observed when common bean was intercropped with maize at maize emergence in paired planting pattern. Simultaneous intercropping of common bean with maize gave more stable total land output yield as compared to other intercropping systems but showed high variability as compared to the sole cropping. Thus, it can be concluded that planting common bean simultaneously with maize in paired planting pattern at Adet and planting common bean at maize emergence at Finoteselam in maize-common bean intercropping gave maximum land use efficiency and profitability of the cropping system without reducing the main crop yield (maize).This research also suggested further research on the compatibility of various maize and common bean varieties in different spatial and temporal differentiation.
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Mogiso, M., and N. Nazib. "Effect of row arrangement of common bean with maize intercropping on yield and economic benefit of component crops under Gimbo and Guraferda, Kaffa and Bench Maji zones, South Ethiopia." International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology 10, no. 1 (July 7, 2020): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v10i1.48090.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The yield advantage obtained due to intercropping is attributed to a better use of resources by crops grown in combinations, as compared to sole stands. Field experiment conducted at Gimbo and Guraferda during 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons in order to determine the appropriate intercropping row arrangement on maize-common bean yield and economic advantages of the cropping system. Maize variety BH-540 and common bean variety Hawassa dume were used as test crop. The experiment used four treatments (sole maize, sole common bean, 1:1 maizecommon bean and 1:2 maize-common bean intercropping) arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Grain yield of the component crops were significantly varied by locations. The highest maize yield was recorded at Guraferda than Gimbo; whereas, common bean yielded better at Guraferda than at Gimbo. The combined mean grain yield of maize and common bean was significantly (p<0.05) higher for sole stands than intercropping. The highest yield of 6545.7 and 5570.6 kg ha-1 was obtained from sole maize at Guraferda and Gimbo locations, respectively. On the other hand, the highest yield of 3407.2 and 2638.0 kg ha-1 was obtained from growing sole common bean at Gimbo and Guraferda locations, respectively. The yield obtained from 1:1 maize-common bean intercropping was statistically same with sole maize yield at Guraferda. The highest LER of 1.62 and 1.52 with MAI of 15,268.05 and 13.695.90 ETB ha-1 obtained from 1:1 maize-common bean intercropping at Guraferda and Gimbo locations, respectively. Generally, growing 1:1 maize-common bean intercropping found to be more productive and economically profitable than others. Hence, a one row common bean intercropped between the two rows of maize can be recommended in the lowlands of Gimbo and Guraferda areas.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 22-27, June 2020
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CARDOSO, E. J. B. N., M. A. NOGUEIRA, and S. M. G. FERRAZ. "BIOLOGICAL N2 FIXATION AND MINERAL N IN COMMON BEAN–MAIZE INTERCROPPING OR SOLE CROPPING IN SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL." Experimental Agriculture 43, no. 3 (July 2007): 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479707005029.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this work was to assess the effects of N levels and intercropping of two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) varieties (Carioca and Rio Tibagi) with maize (Zea mays) on accumulated N, grain yield and biomass of both crops, and nodulation of common bean inoculated or not with Rhizobium. Two field experiments were conducted simultaneously: common bean–maize intercropping and common bean in sole cropping. Intercropping increased common bean nodulation and biomass, mainly with Rhizobium, but mineral N was deleterious to nodulation. Inoculation also increased the Carioca cultivar yield most in sole cropping (+72%), but N levels did not affect common bean yield in either cultivar. Although intercropping reduced maize grain yield by 17%, the equivalent yield increased by 31%, whilst Rhizobium increased it by 11%. Despite the reduction of maize yield in intercropping, this system was shown to be more economically viable, in particular when common bean was inoculated with Rhizobium.
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Ilyas, Ayesha. "Productivity and Resource Use in a Maize-Grain Legume Intercropping System in Punjab, Pakistan." International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 25, no. 05 (May 1, 2021): 985–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1755.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Intercropping is considered as an improved system of multiple cropping systems which safeguards crop stand and improves crop production. The main goal of intercropping is to produce high yield from piece of a land by judicious use of available resources which otherwise may not be exploited by a single crop. A study was executed to investigate productivity and resource use in a maize–grain legume intercropping at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during 2017 and 2018. Experimental treatments included maize, mungbean, mash-bean, and cowpea monocultures (sole crops), and intercropping combinations of maize + mungbean, maize + mash-bean, and maize + cowpea. Highest maize grain yield was observed in maize sole cropping (6520 and 6813 kg ha-1) and maize + mungbean intercropping (6375 and 6542 kg ha-1) during 2017 and 2018 growing seasons, respectively. Maximum seed yield in grain legumes was observed in mung and mash bean sole cropping during both years. Land equivalent ratio (LER) was maximum in maize + cowpea (1.83 and 1.87) and maize + mungbean intercropping (1.77 and 1.80) during both years, respectively. Maximum net economic return (ER) of PKR 134158 ha-1 (≈900 USD) was obtained from maize + mash bean intercropping system with highest benefit cost ratio (2.03) during 2017 while PKR 149358 ha-1 (≈1003 USD) along with benefit cost ratio (2.15) during 2018. Overall, LER and ER results indicated that maize-grain legume intercropping systems were beneficial in terms of land resource utilization and economic returns. The maize-grain legume intercropping systems are more sustainable option for small land-holding farmers in Pakistan. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
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Singh, Devendra, Saniya Syed, Krishnanand Yadav, Sandeep Kumar Nempal Verma, Jugul Kishor Tiwari, Anil Kumar, and Kamlesh Kumar. "Improving Maize Yield and Soil Productivity through N Management Practices in Maize-legume Intercropping." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 47, no. 1 (January 20, 2025): 317–24. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2025/v47i13233.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of maize intercropping and nitrogen management on crop productivity. The study comprised two factors: maize intercropping with five treatments (sole maize, skipped row maize, and maize intercropped with greengram, blackgram, or cluster bean) and nitrogen management with three treatments (100%, 75%, and 50% of the recommended nitrogen dose). The results showed that sole maize at 60 x 20 cm spacing and maize intercropped with cluster bean, blackgram, or greengram significantly outyielded sole maize in skipped rows. Applying nitrogen at the full recommended dose (100%) significantly enhanced maize yields, while the cluster bean intercropping system excelled in terms of maize grain equivalent yield and land equivalent ratio. The study highlights the potential of maize intercropping and optimized nitrogen management to enhance crop productivity, reduce soil nutrient depletion, and promote sustainable agriculture practices.
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Zhanbota, Aidyn, Rana Shahzad Noor, Azeem Iqbal Khan, Gangyi Wang, Muhammad Mohsin Waqas, Adnan Noor Shah, and Sami Ullah. "A Two-Year Study on Yield and Yield Components of Maize-White Bean Intercropping Systems under Different Sowing Techniques." Agronomy 12, no. 2 (January 18, 2022): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020240.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Food security is directly coupled with enhanced production under optimized cropping intensity. Intercropping is a diversified and sustainable agricultural technique with optimized cropping intensity. Intercropping is used to obtain a higher yield and more balanced products per unit area. This study was performed at Aidyn Research Institute, Nur Sultan, Kazakhstan, in 2018 and 2019 to identify the effects of different sowing patterns on maize-white bean (Zea mays–Phaseolus vulgaris) sowing systems. The field experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Göynük-98 was used for white beans, and SY Miami was used for maize, with 20 cm and 40 cm row spaces for maize, and 10 cm and 20 cm row spaces for white bean and sole maize, sole white bean, maize-white bean-maize-white bean, maize-white bean-white bean-maize and white bean-maize-maize-white bean sowing systems. The results showed that wide row spacing was better than narrow row spacing in terms of land equivalent ratio (LER) for both maize and white beans, but grain yield was higher in narrow row spacing. Yield items for both maize and white beans showed higher values in intercropping. Grain yield was higher in sole sowing. The maize-white bean-white bean-maize sowing system for maize and the white bean-maize-maize-white bean sowing system for white beans were determined as the best sowing systems according to the yield components.
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WORKU, WALELIGN. "SEQUENTIAL INTERCROPPING OF COMMON BEAN AND MUNG BEAN WITH MAIZE IN SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA." Experimental Agriculture 50, no. 1 (July 5, 2013): 90–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479713000434.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SUMMARYMost previous studies focused on intercropping systems involving two-crop associations. However, there is much scope to improve existing cropping systems by devising and evaluating modifications that allow more effective use of the season. To this effect, experiments were conducted to quantify efficiency of sequential intercropping consisting of maize (Zea mays L.), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) during 2007 and 2009 cropping seasons, in southern Ethiopia. Treatments included three- and two-crop associations and equivalent sole crops of components. Land equivalent ratio (LER) and area time equivalency ratio (ATER) were used to estimate intercropping advantage. Maize had the highest partial LER, 0.95, whenever mung bean comes first in the sequence. Comparable partial LERs were observed in common bean irrespective of planting times while mung bean had greater partial LERs from simultaneous rather than sequential planting. Maize had the highest competitive ratio (1.56) followed by common bean (0.67) and mung bean (0.53). The three-crop association involving simultaneous planting of maize with mung bean followed by common bean (MZ + MB − CB) gave the highest mean total LER of 1.66. This combination also had the highest combined productivity and maximum monetary gain, which is above the minimum acceptable marginal rate of return. It exceeded advantages from intercrops of maize–common bean by 41% and maize–mung bean by 23%. Thus, farmers would get greater advantage from practicing sequential intercropping in areas where the season is sufficient to grow long-duration maize.
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VED PRAKASH, NARENDRA KUMAR, RANJAN BHATTACHARIYYA, M. KUMAR, and A.K. SRIVASTVA. "Productivity, economics, energetics and soil properties of vegetables-based relay intercropping systems." Indian Journal of Agronomy 52, no. 4 (October 10, 2001): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v52i4.4943.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A field experiment was conducted during 2002-03 and 2003-04 at Almora to find out the most productive and remunerative relay intercropping of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. nom. cons.) or french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in maize (Zea mays L.), garden pea (Pisum sativum L.var. arvense poir.) in tomato or french bean, and french bean in garden pea. Results showed that relay intercropping of maize (green cobs) + tomato + garden pea + french bean, and maize (green cobs) + french bean + garden pea + french bean proved significantly superior in terms of maize grain-equivalent yield (71.3 and 51.5 t/ha), and net returns (Rs 2,39,558 and Rs 1,52,624/ha) than maize (green cobs) - garden pea (1 8.8 t/ha and Rs 48,02O/ha) and french bean - garden pea (30.7 t/ha, and Rs 94,0211ha) sequential cropping. Also, maize (green cobs) + tomato + garden pea + french bean recorded signifi- cantly highest production efficiency (195.4 kgldaylha) and economic efficiency (Rs 656/ha/day), system energy output (1 0,83,760 MJ/ha), system net energy return (1 0,40,856 MJIha) and system energy-use efficiency (2,852 MJIhdday). The lowest maize grain equivalent yield (18.8 t/ha), net returns (Rs 48,02O/ha), production efficiency (51.5 kgldaylha) and economic efficiency (Rs 132lhdday) were recorded under maize (green cobs) - garden pea sequential cropping. Physico-chemical properties of the soil improved significantly due to relay intercropping sys- tems over maize (green cobs) - garden pea sequence. Relay intercropping of maize (green cobs) + tomato + gar- den pea + french bean proved the best in terms of total production and monetary returns.
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Suárez, Juan Carlos, José Alexander Anzola, Amara Tatiana Contreras, Dina Luz Salas, José Iván Vanegas, Milan O. Urban, Stephen E. Beebe, and Idupulapati M. Rao. "Influence of Simultaneous Intercropping of Maize-Bean with Input of Inorganic or Organic Fertilizer on Growth, Development, and Dry Matter Partitioning to Yield Components of Two Lines of Common Bean." Agronomy 12, no. 5 (May 18, 2022): 1216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12051216.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Intercropping is a common practice among smallholder farmers cultivating common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and maize (Zea mays L.). It affects agronomic performance, dry matter partitioning, and grain yield. Simultaneous intercropping of common bean with maize can influence growth, development, and dry matter partitioning of grain of common bean. The main objectives of this study are to: (i) evaluate the dynamics of growth and development of the different vegetative organs, and (ii) determine the efficiency in dry matter partitioning to yield components of two common bean lines grown under monoculture compared with two simultaneous intercropping patterns (pattern 1, pattern 2) with maize and managed with two types of fertilizer application. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications was used in a nested trifactorial arrangement in split-plot scheme. The field experiment was conducted in two seasons under conditions of acid soils and high temperatures in the western Amazon region of Colombia. Simultaneous intercropping patterns 1 and 2 had a negative effect on growth dynamics of maize compared to maize monoculture. But the two bean lines when associated with maize showed no significant differences on growth dynamics under both types of fertilizer application. Under both intercropping patterns, the maize cobs were larger, a condition that increased the number of grains, but with smaller size of grains compared to monoculture. In the case of two bean lines, the growth and development responses were different: under monoculture the number of pods and seeds per plant was higher while the number of grains per pod increased under intercropping patterns. Among the two bean lines, 100-seed weight was significantly higher in BFS 10 compared to ALB 121. At the grain yield level of common bean, the simultaneous intercropping pattern increased 516 kg ha−1 and 993 kg ha−1 more than that obtained in monoculture (4936 kg ha−1) with inorganic and organic fertilizer, respectively. Results from this study indicated that smallholders in the Amazon region of Colombia can achieve higher grain yield through the implementation of simultaneous intercropping of maize with common bean line (BFS 10) under organic fertilizer application.
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Morgado, Luiz Balbino, and Robert William Willey. "Effects of plant population and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and efficiency of maize-bean intercropping." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 38, no. 11 (November 2003): 1257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2003001100002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nitrogen supply and plant population are basic parameters for cereal-legume intercropping. In order to study plant population and nitrogen fertilizer effects on yield and yield efficiency of maize-bean intercropping, a field experiment was established. Three bean plant populations and three nitrogen levels were used. Maize dry matter accumulation decreased with increases in bean plant population. Competitive effect of intercrop beans on maize yields was high at higher plant populations, being decreased by nitrogen fertilizer; application of 50 kg ha-1 N was very efficient in increasing maize cob yield. Intercropping significantly decreased harvest index of beans in all plant population and nitrogen fertilizer situations. The efficiency of intercropping, compared to sole cropping, was evidenced by the values obtained for Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) for biomass, cob and pod yields that increased with increases in bean plant populations and nitrogen fertilizer levels.
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Shaheenuzzamn, M., A. Biswas, N. Chakma, MN Islam, and M. Salim. "Suitability study of local bush bean cultivars intercropped with hybrid maize under different planting system in hilly areas." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 40, no. 2 (August 20, 2015): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v40i2.24571.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An intercropping experiment was conducted on hill valley at Hill Agricultural Research Station, Ramgarh and Kharachari during two consecutive rabi seasons of 2012-13 and 2013-14 to select suitable local bush bean cultivar for intercropping with hybrid maize in hilly areas of Bangladesh. Seven intercropping treatments viz., T1 = Normal maize spacing (75 cm × 25 cm) + 2 rows black seeded bush bean,T2 = Normal maize spacing (75 cm × 25 cm) + 2 rows pink seeded bush bean,T3 = Maize wider spacing (100 cm × 25 cm) with 1 plant/hill + 3 rows black seeded bush bean,T4 = Maize wider spacing (100 cm × 25 cm) with 1 plant/hill + 3 rows pink seeded bush bean, T5 = Maize wider spacing (100 cm × 50 cm) with 2 plants/hill + 3 rows black seeded bush bean, T6 = Maize wider spacing (100 cm × 50 cm) with 2 plants/hill + 3 rows pink seeded bush bean and T7 = Sole maize spacing (75 cm × 25 cm) were used. Sole hybrid maize produced the highest grain yield at both the locations. Bush bean cultivars in intercropped situation depressed hybrid maize yields by 7.15-37.29% at Ramgarh and 2.56-37.51% at Khagrachari compared to sole hybrid maize. The highest maize equivalent yield of 23.10 t/ha at Ramgarh and 24.08 t/ha at Khagrachari was recorded in maize wider spacing (100 cm × 25 cm) with 1 plant/hill + 3 rows pink seeded bush bean combination (T4). The same treatment also showed the highest gross return (Tk 277200/ha at Ramgarh and Tk 288960/ha at Khagrachari), gross margin (Tk 180050/ha at Ramgarh and Tk 191810/ha at Khagrachari) and benefit cost ratio (2.85 at Ramgarh and 2.97 at Khagrachari). The result revealed that maize wider spacing (100 cm × 25 cm) with 1 plant/hill + 3 rows pink seeded bush bean could be suitable and economically profitable for hybrid maize and bush bean intercropping in hill valleys of Bangladesh.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(2): 325-332 June 2015
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Olafimihan Adeola, Richard, Tajudeen Bamidele Akinrinola, and Olajire Fagbola. "MAIZE AND SOYA BEAN RESPONSE TO THE RESIDUAL INFLUENCE OF EARLY-SEASON CROPPING SYSTEM AND FERTILISER APPLICATIONS." Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences 40, no. 3 (2024): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29393/chjaas40-4msro30004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Continuous land cultivation has led to the application of fertilisers to maintain high crop yields. Favourable effects of different fertiliser sources for improved crop performance have been reported. However, there is scarce information on crop response to the residual effect of organomineral fertilisers (OMFs) applied to early sole and maize-soya bean intercropping. Consequently, the objective of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of N levels of organomineral and inorganic fertilisers applied to maize and soya bean in sole cropping and intercropping. The study was conducted in the years 2017 and 2018 in the Southern Guinea Savannah, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria. Responses to the residual influence of early season cropping systems and applications of OMF and NPK 20-10-10 were evaluated in repeated field trials. The residual effects of a previously assessed 2 9 factorial arrangement, cropping system (sole and intercrop) and fertiliser applications (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 kg Nha of OMF and 50, 100, 150, 200 kg N ha of NPK fertiliser) were evaluated in a randomised complete block design with three replicates. Maize (ACR-95DT) and soya bean (TGX 1488-2E) were planted at densities of 40,000 and 74,000 plants ha, respectively. Data were analysed using ANOVA at p 0.05. Maize and soya bean plant heights and N uptake significantly increased under the residual influence of sole cropping compared to intercropping in both years. Furthermore, maize-soya bean intercropping produced significantly lower grain yields than their sole crops in both years. The land equivalent ratio of the system was greater than one in both years. The residual effect of early season intercropping reduced subsequent yields of maize and soya bean, while OMF residual effects favoured sole maize, sole bean, and maize-bean intercrop performances at 100 kg Nha.
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Villwock, Daniel, Sabine Kurz, Jens Hartung, and Maria Müller-Lindenlauf. "Effects of Stand Density and N Fertilization on the Performance of Maize (Zea mays L.) Intercropped with Climbing Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)." Agriculture 12, no. 7 (July 5, 2022): 967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12070967.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Maize is Germany’s most important fodder and energy crop. However, pure maize cultivation has ecological disadvantages. Moreover, its yield is low in crude protein, an important feed quality parameter. Maize–bean intercropping can potentially address both issues. A bean variety specially developed for intercropping was first introduced in 2016. Using this variety, a network of institutions conducted 13 field trials from 2017 to 2020 on four sites in Germany. We sought to determine the effects of stand density and nitrogen (N) fertilization on dry matter yield, crude protein yield, and soil mineral N content (Nmin) at harvest of intercropped vs. pure maize. The three intercropping bean densities we tested (7.5, 5.5, and 4 plants/m2) produced non-significantly different yields of dry matter or crude protein, given a maize density of 7.5–8 plants/m2. Intercropping was inferior to pure maize in dry matter yield, but non-significantly different in crude protein yield. Under neither cropping strategy were significant losses in dry matter or crude protein yield recorded with reduced compared to full N fertilization. At full fertilization, however, both pure maize systems and the 8/4 maize–bean intercrop system left significantly higher Nmin at harvest than the other variants of the corresponding system or N fertilization level and thus an increased risk of nitrate leaching. We encourage further optimization of yield performance in maize–bean intercropping, e.g., through breeding or promotion of biological N fixation via rhizobia inoculation. Furthermore, we recommend reducing N fertilization levels in maize cultivation.
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Li, Bo, Enqiang Zhou, Yao Zhou, Xuejun Wang, and Kaihua Wang. "Faba Bean Extracts Allelopathically Inhibited Seed Germination and Promoted Seedling Growth of Maize." Agronomy 14, no. 12 (November 29, 2024): 2857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14122857.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Allelopathic interactions between crops in an intercropping system can directly affect crop yields. Faba beans may release allelochemicals to the cropping system. However, the allelopathic effects in the faba bean–maize relay intercropping system are still unclear. Maize seeds and seedlings were treated with a 50 mL of 100 g L−1 faba bean leaf extract (L1), 150 g L−1 faba bean leaf extract (L2), 100 g L−1 faba bean stem extract (S1), or 150 g L−1 faba bean stem extract (S2) and sterile water (CK) to study the allelopathic effects of faba bean extracts on maize seed germination and seedling growth. The α-amylase activities, antioxidant enzyme activities, phytohormones and allelochemical content in maize seeds were determined to evaluate the allelopathic effects of faba bean extracts on maize seed germination. The agronomic traits, photosynthetic parameters and nutrient absorption characteristics of maize seedlings were determined to explore the allelopathic effects of faba bean extracts on maize seedling growth. High-concentration (150 g L−1) faba bean stem extracts released allelochemicals, such as 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, hydrocinnamic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, and benzoic acid. These allelochemicals entered the interior of maize seeds and increased the abscisic acid, salicylic acid and indole-3-acetic acid content in maize seeds but decreased the aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid in maize seeds. High-concentration (150 g L−1) faba bean stem extracts increased the superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity and decreased the α-amylase activity in maize seeds at germination (36 h). Faba bean extracts released nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus and increased nitrogen content, phosphorus content, potassium content and photosynthesis of maize seedling. In summary, faba bean extracts released allelochemicals that inhibited the germination of maize seeds but released nutrients and promoted the growth and development of maize seedlings. The research results provide a basis for improving the Faba bean–maize relay strip intercropping.
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Dolijanovic, Zeljko, Dusan Kovacevic, Snezana Oljaca, and Milena Simic. "Types of interactions in intercropping of maize and soya bean." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 54, no. 3 (2009): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas0903179d.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Intercropping two or more crops under similar micro environmental conditions can increase the agricultural productivity. A field study was conducted in three-year period 2003-2005 at experimental field of Maize Research Institute, Belgrade on chernozem soil type. This examination included three experimental hybrids of maize from various FAO groups of ripening (500,600 and 700) and the type of soya bean from II group of ripening (Nena). Maize and soybean was grown in pure stands and three combinations of intercrops (alternate-row and in strip intercropping). Additive design was used for creating of intercrop variants. The paper investigated the grain yield of maize and soya bean in the intercropping, and compared with the yield of the monocrops. Comparison of the yield was carried out with the most Number indicators- Land equivalent Ratio index (LER). For individual comparisons used the standard error differences between means. Comparing with the intercropping production of monocrops production of maize and soya bean, with the index LER, the results obtained indicate that there are more intercropping production, especially in 2004. The three-year average, the increase of grain yield in the intercropping in relation to monocrops of maize and soya bean was 45% in the strip, or 49% in the alternate rows. Intra-species the intensity of competition is higher in the strip and in the pattern arrangement of the resulting lower relative grain yield, primarily due to lower maize yield.
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Semenchenko, O. L., O. V. Melnyk, V. F. Zavertalyuk, and O. V. Zavertalyuk. "Formation characteristics of watermelon seed productivity under intercropping." Scientific Journal Grain Crops 5, no. 1 (2021): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0156.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Characteristics of watermelon seed formation in intercropping were studied. Different growing methods of watermelon seeds depending on its interaction with intercrops (sugar maize and common bean) and their planting schemes in melon fields were investigated. The developed elements of the watermelon seed growing technology reduced the impact of high temperatures on this melon crop (the number of fruits with sunburn decreased by 7.1 % compared to control). The results of phenological observations and analysis of yield components, seed productivity and quality of Favoryt watermelon variety in the intercropping with sugar maize and common bean were presented. It was established that the developed elements of the watermelon growing technology in intercropping under high temperatures and low relative air humidity in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine increased of watermelon yield and the full-value seed formation. It was found that intercropping of watermelon with sweet corn under proper cultivation gave positive results (watermelon seed yield gain by 12.4 % and 0.7 t/ha ears of sweet maize in milky-wax ripeness were received additionally), and with common bean (watermelon seed yield gain by 8.9 % and additional 75 kg/ha of beans). Methods and planting schemes of watermelon and intercrops were established: sugar maize in the rows of watermelon according to scheme 2.8 x 1 m, common bean in the rows of watermelon according to scheme 1.4 x 0.5 m. It was found that under intercropping of watermelon with sweet maize the full-value seed yield per one fruit increased up to 88.5 %, and with common bean – to 84.9 %. Key words: watermelon, sugar maize, common bean, intercropping, seed yield.
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Li, Haigang, Fusuo Zhang, Zed Rengel, and Jianbo Shen. "Rhizosphere properties in monocropping and intercropping systems between faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) grown in a calcareous soil." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 10 (2013): 976. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13268.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The processes involving pH modification, carboxylate exudation and phosphorus (P) dynamics in the rhizosphere of crops grown in intercropping are poorly understood. Two groups of maize (Zea mays L.) or faba bean (Vicia faba L.) plants (monocropping) or one group of plant of each species (intercropping) were grown between three 1-mm-thick soil layers; the central soil layer is referred to as inter-rhizosphere, and the two outer soil layers are designated sole-rhizosphere. Faba bean intercropped with maize had an 11% increase in shoot biomass and a 15% increase in P uptake compared with monocropped faba bean. The cropping pattern did not significantly influence maize growth. After 4 weeks of growth, faba bean significantly decreased soil pH in both the sole- and inter-rhizosphere in monocropping, but no effects were apparent for the intercropping rhizosphere. The major carboxylates in the rhizosphere of faba bean were malate (18–45 nmol g–1 soil) and maleate (1.2–2.4 nmol g–1 soil). Only trace amounts of carboxylates were measured in the rhizosphere of monocropped maize. However, intercropped maize had a high concentration of malate (~11 nmol g–1 soil) in both sole- and inter-rhizosphere; the malate was likely exuded by faba bean and was then diffused to the sole-rhizosphere of intercropped maize. The amount of malate exuded by intercropped faba bean was 19% higher than with monocropped plants. The results indicate that diffusion of protons and carboxylates extended the interaction zone between maize and faba bean, and may have contributed to enhancements of P uptake in the intercropping system.
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Enosh, Bunga, N. Nanda Kishore Reddy, and Anita Jaswal. "Herbicide-free weed management in kharif maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) intercropping Systems: Advancing environmental sustainability, productivity, and economic efficiency." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 17, no. 1 (March 20, 2025): 65–77. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v17i1.6135.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Maize (Zea mays L.), commonly known as the "queen of cereals," is extensively cultivated with wide spacing, facilitating intercropping with legumes to improve productivity and sustainability. Intercropping systems are advantageous for weed management, decreasing dependence on herbicides, and enhancing environmental sustainability. The current study sought to determine whether intercropping maize with legumes may reduce weeds, increase productivity, and improve economic efficiency without using herbicides. A field experiment was executed in the Kharif 2022 season at Lovely Professional University's agricultural research farm in Phagwara, Punjab, employing a randomized block design with seven treatments replicated three times. The treatments comprised sole maize, sole moong bean, sole soybean, and intercropping systems of maize with moong bean or soybean in 1:2 and 1:3 ratios. The intercropping system of maize and moong bean (1:3) overcame all treatments, achieving the maximum grain production (5882.0 kg ha-¹), harvest index (43.86%), cob diameter (8.5 cm), grains per cob (17.67), and straw yield (7519.0 kg ha-¹). This system demonstrated exceptional weed suppression, achieving the lowest total weed density (5.22 no. m-²), minimal weed biomass (6.4 g m-²), and the highest weed smothering efficacy (68.7%). Moreover, it attained the highest land equivalent ratio (1.99), maize equivalent yield (10.17 t ha-¹), and monetary advantage index (₹4800), emphasizing its economic and ecological advantages. This research illustrates the innovation and effectiveness of herbicide-free weed management in maize-legume intercropping systems. The maize and moong bean (1:3) system promotes environmental sustainability, increases production, and enhances economic efficiency, offering a sustainable alternative to monocropping in the Punjab region.
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Worku, Walelign. "Performance, radiation capture and use by maize–mungbean–common bean sequential intercropping under different leaf removal and row orientation schemes." Experimental Agriculture 56, no. 5 (October 2020): 752–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479720000307.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractFood security under smallholder farming can be improved through innovative intensification of cropping systems. Maize (Zea mays L.) – mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) – common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) sequential intercropping was studied to evaluate the patterns of radiation capture and radiation use efficiency and to determine the effects of leaf removal and row orientation on performance and intercropping efficiency. Sequential intercropping captured 1039 MJ m−2 photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) accounting for 70% of incident seasonal PAR. The corresponding sole stands for maize captured 41%, mungbean 29%, common bean 34% and mungbean–common bean 63%. Intercropped components had interception ratios of 0.98, 0.31 and 0.61 for maize, mungbean and common bean, respectively. Associated maize used intercepted light with similar efficiency, mungbean with greater efficiency and common bean with lesser efficiency compared to sole crops. Maize leaf removal and row orientation had no significant effect on performance and partial land equivalent ratio (LER) of maize. Leaf removal under East–West (EW) orientation increased grain yield by 96%, total biomass by 63%, partial LER by 92%, in common bean and total LER by 7%. Leaf removal also improved grain yield, biomass yield, partial LER, in common bean and total LER during the wetter year of 2013. Similarly, EW orientation was advantageous in 2013 raising total LER by 8%. Maize leaf removal and EW row orientation had synergistic effects on intercropping efficiency and economic benefit and both have exerted positive influence under favourable weather. Total LER values of 1.47 in 2013 and 1.29 in 2015 had revealed greater biological efficiency for intercropping during both years though it was more profitable in 2013. Thus, the cropping system can be adopted under timely onset of the rainy season using EW row orientation while leaf removal can also be practiced depending on weather conditions and convenience.
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Hirpa, Tamiru. "Response of Maize Crop to Spatial Arrangement and Staggered Interseeding of Haricot Bean." International Journal of Environment 3, no. 3 (September 13, 2014): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11072.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Field studies conducted to determine the effects of intercrop row arrangements and staggered intercropping of haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on the performances of maize (Zea mays L.) crop at Hallaba and Taba areas in 2013 cropping season, southern Ethiopia, revealed that there were significant effects of cropping patterns and staggered interseeding of the legume component on growth and yield components of maize crop. Significant interaction of row arrangement × intercropping time of haricot bean was observed with respect to leaf area index (LAI) of the maize crop. Increasing trends of LAI of maize crop were observed as interseeding of haricot bean was delayed for 3 weeks after maize (WAM) that stabilized during the 6 WAM interseeding time. Maize stover production was significantly high at 1:2 row ratio and delaying of the undersowing haricot bean in the already established maize crop for 6 weeks, 10.94 tha-1 and 11.39 t ha-1, respectively. Maize grain yield showed a significant variation with respect to the staggered sowing of haricot bean, whereby the highest (3.99 t ha-1) being recorded when haricot bean intercropping was delayed for 21 days after maize planting. The data of this study revealed that the larger maize plant canopy providing larger photosynthetic area, attained when haricot bean interseeding was delayed, probably resulted in higher grain yield of maize. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11072 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(3) 2014: 126-138
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Naik, MSP, V. Sumathi, and L. Kadiri. "Response of optimum nitrogen rate in maize with legume intercropping system." SAARC Journal of Agriculture 15, no. 1 (July 29, 2017): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v15i1.33158.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A field experiment was conducted at S.V. Agricultural College farm (ANGRAU), Tirupati, India during rabi, 2009-10. The experiment was consisted of five system treatments (sole maize at 60 x 20 cm sowing, sole maize in skipped row sowing, maize in skipped row + greengram, maize in skipped row + blackgram and maize in skipped row + cluster bean) and three nitrogen doses (100, 75 and 50% recommended dose of nitrogen). The treatment combinations were laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications. Yield attributes and grain yield of maize were maximum with sole maize at 60x20cm spacing but at par with maize + cluster bean, maize + blackgram and maize + greengram intercropping system. The lowest parameters were observed with sole maize sown in skipped rows. All the parameters were maximum with the application of 100% recommended dose of nitrogen to maize, but comparable with that of 75%. The maize equivalent yield, land equivalent ratio and benefit cost ratio were higher with maize + cluster bean intercropping as compared to other treatments. The result revealed that among the different maize intercropping systems tested, maize in skipped rows + cluster bean with 75% recommended dose of nitrogen to maize was found economically profitable.SAARC J. Agri., 15(1): 139-148 (2017)
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Suárez, Juan Carlos, José Alexander Anzola, Amara Tatiana Contreras, Dina Luz Salas, José Iván Vanegas, Milan O. Urban, Stephen E. Beebe, and Idupulapati M. Rao. "Agronomic Performance Evaluation of Intercropping Two Common Bean Breeding Lines with a Maize Variety under Two Types of Fertilizer Applications in the Colombian Amazon Region." Agronomy 12, no. 2 (January 25, 2022): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020307.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Intercropping the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with maize (Zea mays L.) is a widely used agronomic practice in smallholder farms in different regions of the world. Although it is a common practice in the Colombian Amazon region, crop yields are low due to the degradation of low fertility, acidic soil and high-temperature stress. Studies are needed on how the integration of genetically adapted common bean breeding lines into an intercropping system can benefit smallholders. The objective of this study was to: (i) evaluate differences in agronomic performance of two common bean lines when intercropped with maize in two different patterns under two types of fertilizer applications; and (ii) identify which intercropping pattern is better to maximize productivity and land use in the Colombian Amazon region. To achieve these aims, 2 field experiments (October 2018 to January 2019, season 1; April to June 2019, season 2) were conducted in the Colombian Amazon region. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in a nested trifactorial arrangement in a split-plot scheme was used. The experimental design consisted of 2 advanced bean breeding lines of BFS 10 and ALB 121 (main plots); 3 cropping system patterns, including a monoculture, intercropping pattern 1, and intercropping pattern 2 (subplots); and 2 types of fertilizer, inorganic and organic (sub-subplots), for a total of 12 treatments. The experiment was conducted in two growing seasons in low fertility, acidic soil. Different competition indices and monetary advantage index values were estimated depending on the yield and cost of production from maize and bean intercropping patterns (land equivalent ratio, LER; relative crowding coefficient, RCC; aggressiveness index, AI; competitive ratio, CR). A significant effect on grain yield was observed with both intercropping patterns compared to monocropping of beans and maize. Grain yields obtained for maize were similar under monoculture with both types of fertilizer application, while both bean lines yielded better in monoculture under the application of inorganic fertilizer. Under intercropping patterns, the yield reductions were from 8 to 30% for maize and from 43 to 72% for the 2 bean lines. LER values increased with intercropping patterns under both types of fertilization, which was supported by positive values in the actual yield loss index. The interaction indices between the two crop components showed a greater dominance of maize over beans (RCC, AI, CR). However, the intercropping systems increased the economic advantage (the monetary advantage index) over monocropping. Smallholders in the Amazon region can profit through increased grain yield as well as land-use efficiency by integrating a genetically adapted bean breeding line, BFS 10, as an intercrop with maize under the application of organic fertilizer.
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Pérez-Hernández, Rosa Guadalupe, Manuel Jesus Cach-Pérez, Rosaura Aparacio-Fabre, Hans Van der Wal, and Ulises Rodríguez-Robles. "Physiological and microclimatic consequences of variation in agricultural management of maize." Botanical Sciences 99, no. 1 (October 27, 2020): 132–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2640.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Maize is cultivated under different agricultural management systems, which influence the ecological dynamics of the crop, and therefore the physiology of the plant.
Questions: What is the effect of different agricultural management on the microclimate and the physiology of maize plants?
Studied species: Zea mays L.
Study site and dates: Nacajuca, Tabasco, Mexico; January to April 2017.
Methods: Physiological performance of maize plants and microclimatic variation in the crop area was characterized under three management systems: maize monoculture, maize-bean, and maize-bean-squash intercropping. Each treatment was established in three 100 m2 plots (300 m2 per treatment). Four measurements were taken between days 33 and 99 after maize sowing, to characterize five microclimatic parameters (relative air humidity, air and soil temperature, vapor-pressure deficit and soil volumetric water content) and nine physiological parameters (photosynthesis, transpiration, water use efficiency, stomatal conductance, electron transport rate, quantum efficiency of photosystem II, non-photochemical quenching, foliar water potential and chlorophyll content).
Results: Maximum soil temperature was up to 4.4 ºC less in the maize-bean system than in the monoculture at 15:00 h; soil in the maize-bean-squash intercropping retained up to 45 % more water than the monoculture throughout the day. Photosynthesis and electron transport rate in the maize-bean intercropping was up to 32 % higher than in the monoculture. The highest non-photochemical quenching and transpiration rate were observed in the maize-bean-squash system.
Conclusions: The maize-bean and maize-bean-squash combination provides maize plants with lower soil temperature and higher water availability, allowing them better physiological performance compared to monoculture.
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Turmudi, Edhi, Nurga Henni Safitri, and Widodo Widodo. "PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL EMPAT VARIETAS KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata L.) PADA SISTEM TUMPANGSARI DENGAN BERBAGAI JARAK TANAM JAGUNG." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 22, no. 2 (December 3, 2020): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jipi.22.2.99-105.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
[GROWTH AND YIELD OF FOUR VARIETIES OF MUNG BEAN (Vigna radiata L.) IN INTERCROPPING SYSTEM WITH VARIOUS CORN PLANT SPACING]. Efforts to increase the productivity of mung beans (Vigna radiata L.) can be done by implementing an intercropping system and using superior varieties. Corn plants need high nitrogen and mung bean plants can fix nitrogen from the free air so that corn plants can take advantage of the excess nitrogen from mung beans. The purpose of this study was to determine the best mung bean varieties in the intercropping system with a various spacing of maize. The research was conducted in October-December 2018, in Pematang Gubernur village, Muara Bangkahulu, Bengkulu. The experiment in this study used a split-plot design with the main plot spacing of maize that was 60 cm x 30 cm, 90 cm x 30 cm, 120 cm x 30 cm, subplots were mung bean varieties (Vima-1, Vima- 2, Vima-3, and Kutilang) with 3 repetitions. Repeated 3 times, then 36 experimental units were obtained. The results showed that the four varieties of mung beans planted intercropping with a various spacing of maize showed different yield responses. Varieties of Vima-1 and Vima-3 gave the highest seed yields at a maize spacing of 60 cm x 30 cm. The Vima-2 variety was at a spacing of 90 cm x 30 cm, while the Kutilang variety was at 120 cm x 30 cm spacing. The four mung bean varieties were suitable for intercropping with maize with a yield/plot (NYi)> 0.5.
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R.P. SHARMA, A.K. SINGH, B.K. PODDAR, and K.R. RAMAN. "Forage production potential and economics of maize (Zea mays) with legumes intercropping under various row proportions." Indian Journal of Agronomy 53, no. 2 (October 10, 2001): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v53i2.4845.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A field experiment was conducted during the summer season of 2006 and 2007 at Sabour, Bihar to assess the production potential and economic viability of intercropping of forage maize (Zea mays L.) with cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], rice bean [Vigna umbellata (Thumb) ohwi and ohashi] and clusterbean [Cyamposis tetragonaloba (L.) Taub.] under four row proportions, viz. 1 :1, 1 :2, 2:l and 2:2. lntercropping of maize and cowpea in the row proportion 2: 2 recorded significantly higher total green fodder (43.2 Vha), dry matter (9.6 t/ha) and crude-protein yield (1.1 Vha) as well as net returns (Rs 16,104/ha) and benefit : cost ratio (1.84) compared with the other treatments except maize + rice bean planted in the ratio 2:2. The association of maize and cowpea in row ra- tio 2:2 also showed the highest land-equivalent ratio (1.84) and relative crowding coefficient (7.08), followed by maize + rice bean in 2:2 ratio. Among the component crops, maize was more competitive and aggressive than le- gume intercrops. However, maize intercropped with cowpea and rice bean both in row proportion 2:l was found to be a compatible intercropping system with lower values of aggressivity (0.01) and competition ratio (1.03). Thus in- tercropping of forage maize with cowpea or rice bean both in 2:2 row ratio are the biologically and economically sustainable intercropping systems.
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Woolley, J. N., and W. Rodríguez. "Cultivar X Cropping System Interactions in relay and row Intercropping of Bush Beans with different Maize Plant Types." Experimental Agriculture 23, no. 2 (April 1987): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700016975.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SummaryBean yield at two sites in Costa Rica was affected by the interactions of maize and bush bean cultivars with cropping system (relay, row intercropping and sole cropping). The maize culti-vars were grouped according to leaf area index (LAI) and plant height. At a site with a severe weed problem, leafy maize of intermediate height allowed the most bean yield in relay but the least in intercropping. Tall, leafy maize allowed as much yield of intercropped beans as short, less leafy cultivars. In intercrops, tall maize plants shaded the beans less, while in relay crops leafy plants of intermediate height shaded and suppressed weed growth so benefiting the following bean crop. At the other site, all maize groups had the same effect on beans whether grown in relay or intercropped. Leafy maize cultivars of medium height are preferable for sole crops and for relay cropping of beans at physiological maturity when weeds are a problem, but less leafy types are better for bean intercropping or for relay crops where the beans are planted before maize maturity. Plant types selected for sole cropping are not necessarily best for poly-cultures and one crop may affect another even when their periods of active growth do not overlap.
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MINGOTTE, FÁBIO LUIZ CHECCHIO, FÁBIO TIRABOSCHI LEAL, MARCELA MIDORI YADA DE ALMEIDA, ORLANDO FERREIRA MORELLO, TATIANA PAGAN LOEIRO DA CUNHA-CHIAMOLERA, and LEANDRO BORGES LEMOS. "NITROGEN ACCUMULATION AND EXPORT BY COMMON BEAN AS A FUNCTION OF STRAW AND N SPLITTING IN NO-TILLAGE SYSTEM." Revista Caatinga 34, no. 1 (January 2021): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n112rc.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Determining nitrogen (N) accumulation and export by common bean as a function of straw and of the splitting of this nutrient is very important, aiming at the management and sustainability of agricultural systems. This study aimed to determine the N accumulation and export by common bean as a function of Zea mays and Urochloa ruziziensis grass straw (maize, maize/U. ruziziensis intercropping and U. ruziziensis) and splitting of top-dressing N fertilization. The experiment was conducted in Jaboticabal-SP-Brazil, during the 2012/13 crop season, in a Red Eutrophic Oxisol (Eutrudox) in no-tillage under irrigation. The experimental design was a randomized block with split plots with four replicates, totaling 120 subplots sized in 25m2 each. The plots consisted of the cropping systems prior to common bean: maize, maize/ U. ruziziensis intercropping and U. ruziziensis. The subplots were composed of ten top-dressing N fertilization splitting schemes (NS) at the phenological stages V3, V4 and R5 in different combinations. Common bean grain yield differs among cropping systems and as a function of top-dressed N split application. U. ruziziensis grass as single crop promotes greater N accumulation in common bean shoots compared to maize and its intercropping with U. ruziziensis grass. Regardless the cropping system, top-dressing N application in a single dose (90 kg ha-1) at V4 leads to similar accumulations and exports to those found in the absence of N fertilization. Splitting schemes with N application at the R5 stage increase the exports of this nutrient by common bean in succession to maize and its intercropping with U. ruziziensis grass.
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OLJACA, S., R. CVETKOVIC, D. KOVACEVIC, G. VASIC, and N. MOMIROVIC. "Effect of plant arrangement pattern and irrigation on efficiency of maize (Zea mays) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) intercropping system." Journal of Agricultural Science 135, no. 3 (November 2000): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859699008321.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A field study was conducted on an experimental field of the Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje- Belgrade (latitude: 44° 49′ N), Yugoslavia over a 3 year period (1994–1996). The objective of this study was to find the optimal spatial arrangement of a maize–beans intercrop in irrigated and rainfed farming systems.Plant arrangement patterns in an intercropping system did not significantly affect LAI values in maize compared with a sole crop, while irrigation had a greater positive influence on it. Leaf area values of beans were more sensitive to the same treatments. Microenvironmental conditions in maize–bean mixtures were more favourable for bean crop than for sole beans.An intercropping system had a greater influence on yield components of maize. Component combination 1/2[ratio ]1/2 (maize[ratio ]bean) was most effective in all yield components of maize. Intraspecific competition appears to be more intense than interspecific competition in both crops. Yield component of bean was more sensitive to water regime of the site than to planting pattern in an intercrop. Irrigation increased all yield components of bean (especially pod number). The intercropping system decreased harvest index in both crops compared with monocrops. Maximum total grain yield was in 1994 in irrigated maize–bean intercrop 1/2[ratio ]1/2, with highest efficiency being in an intercrop in irrigation in 1995. The Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), based on grain yield, was consistently greater than 1·0 in an irrigation water regime in 1995. Proportion of maize[ratio ]bean = 1/2[ratio ]1/2 gave the highest increase of yield (LER = 1·54). Under conditions of chernozem soil type in Zemun Polje, with often-expressed dry periods, irrigation is a very important measure for increasing maize–beans intercrop productivity.
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Hikam, Saiful, C. G. Poneleit, C. T. MacKown, and D. F. Hildebrand. "Intercropping of Maize and Winged Bean." Crop Science 32, no. 1 (January 1992): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1992.0011183x003200010040x.
Повний текст джерела
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ALEMAYEHU, A., T. TAMADO, D. NIGUSSIE, D. YIGZAW, T. KINDE, and C. S. WORTMANN. "Maize–common bean intercropping to optimize maize-based crop production." Journal of Agricultural Science 155, no. 7 (March 27, 2017): 1124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859617000193.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SUMMARYMaize (Zea mays L.)–common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) intercropping is a recent practice in north-western Ethiopia and there is limited information on its productivity. A field experiment was conducted at South Achefer and Mecha in north-western Ethiopia during the 2012 and 2013 crop growing seasons to determine combinations of intercrop planting arrangement (IPA) with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) rates for optimizing maize–common bean intercrop productivity and profitability. Treatments consisted of factorial combinations of two IPA (single row of common bean between maize rows and paired rows of common bean between paired rows of maize), two N rates (92 and 128 kg N/ha) and two P rates (20 and 40 kg P/ha). A sole crop maize with recommended fertilizer rate of 128/40 kg N/P/ha was used as a control treatment. The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results indicated that land equivalent ratio was more than unity, and the intercrop system was 20% more productive relative to the sole crop. Maize equivalent yields were highest for most of the intercrop treatments relative to mono-crop maize with yield advantage of 14% from single row IPA with 128/20 kg N/P/ha. Single row IPA with 128/20 kg N/P/ha and paired row IPA with 92/20 kg N/P/ha increased financial returns by 16 and 8% relative to sole crop maize, respectively. Smallholder maize-based cropping of north-western Ethiopia could be nutritionally, agronomically and financially improved through maize–common bean intercropping of single row IPA with appropriate nutrient management.
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Marzban, Zahra, Elham Faryabi, and Shahram Torabian. "Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium on ion content and root characteristics of green bean and maize under intercropping." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 109, no. 1 (January 24, 2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2017.109.1.08.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>In order to evaluate arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium bacteria effects on leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentration and root characteristics of green bean and maize under intercropping, experiment was carried out in the research field of College of Agriculture, Payame Noor University of Azna, Lorestan, Iran. In experiment, sandy loam soil with pH 7.3 and EC 0.49 dS m<sup>-1</sup> was used.The treatments comprised three cropping systems (sole cropping of green bean and maize, and intercropping), and four inoculations (control, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, rhizobium and mix of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium). The results showed that inoculation with rhizobium improved length, diameter, volume and area of green bean root.The highest of green bean N, P concentration and root dry mass were observed in sole culture of green bean inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Moreover, root length, diameter, volume and area of maize increased by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and total concentration of N and P enhanced with use of rhizobium in sole cropping. Although the usage of <em>Rhizobium </em>and AMF can be affected on increasing the root growth and nutrient uptake of crops, application of bacterium and fungi combination at the same time would not be suitable. Overall, intercropping of maize with green bean caused to increase of leaf N and P concentrations and root growth of maize.</p>
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Morgado, Luiz Balbino, and Robert William Willey. "Optimum plant population for maize-bean intercropping system in the Brazilian semi-arid region." Scientia Agricola 65, no. 5 (2008): 474–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162008000500005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Establishment of the ideal number of plant is a crucial point for obtaining maximum profits while cropping different species together. The main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of different plant populations of maize and beans, at two nitrogen levels, on the performance of the component crops. Two maize (20,000 and 40,000 plants ha¹) and three bean (30,000; 60,000 and 90,000 plants ha¹) populations were tested in a randomized complete block design with tree replicates. Grain yields of maize and beans were affected by intercropping and the effect was more detrimental to the legume mainly at the highest maize plant population. The application of nitrogen fertilizer to maize rows mitigated intercropping effect on maize at higher population (40,000 plants ha¹) and, at lower maize plant population (20,000 plants ha¹), benefited the associated beans by increasing grain yields. Land Equivalent Ratio values for grain yields of maize and beans showed that intercropping compared to sole cropping is advantageous and best indices were obtained at a bean plant population of 60,000 plants ha¹.
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Molla, Getnet Asfawesen, and Gizaw Desta. "Land management and crop cover effect on soil erosion in the humid lowlands of Beles River Sub-Basin, North-Western Ethiopia." Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 10, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 3971. http://dx.doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2022.101.3971.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>Soil erosion is the most devastating environmental crisis in Ethiopia where the loss of soil from cultivated land is almost seven times the tolerable limit; specifically, Nitisol is very susceptible to erosion. To investigate the response of land management and cropping practices on sediment loss, a field experiment was conducted under natural environment on Nitisol of Pawi area. Nine treatments combining two tillage methods (zero and conventional), four crop covers (continuous maize, continuous soya bean, rotated maize, and maize soya bean intercrop), and continuous bare fallow as control were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The result showed that land management and crop cover significantly affect soil loss. Cultivation of crops without soil disturbance with full residue retention reduced soil loss by 6%, 36%, 36%, and 44% under soya bean, rotated maize, maize soya bean intercropping, and maize, respectively. Similarly, maize crop reduces soil loss by 34% under zero tillage management. Compared with conventionally managed maize crops, sediment concentration was also reduced by 14%, 17%, and 31%, maize with zero tillage, rotated maize with zero tillage, and maize soya bean intercropping with zero tillage, respectively. Except for zero-tilled maize soya bean intercropping and rotated maize, the seasonal soil loss was above the tolerable soil loss level of Ethiopia (2-10 t ha<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup>). This indicates there is a need for other management practices like physical and agronomic soil conservation methods to lower soil loss rates below the tolerable limit. Generally, zero tillage with greater crop cover is an appropriate approach to reduce soil loss by improving soil hydrological properties without negatively affecting grain yield. To understand and quantify the long-term impact of tillage and crop cover on soil health and productivity in Ethiopia long-term study is needed as this study was based on one-year data from four years of permanent plots.</p>
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Gidey, Tesfay, Daniel Hagos Berhe, Emiru Birhane, Yirga Gufi, and Bereket Haileslassie. "Intercropping Maize with Faba Bean Improves Yield, Income, and Soil Fertility in Semiarid Environment." Scientifica 2024 (March 5, 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/2552695.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Continuous adoption of improved maize varieties in the last three decades has changed farm landscapes from heterogeneity to maize homogeneity in semiarid areas of Ethiopia. This has substantially decreased maize productivity. Recently, farmers have integrated faba bean into maize-based farming systems aimed at increasing productivity. Yet, there is limited information on the effects of maize-faba bean intercropping on productivity and land-use efficiency. We studied the effects of maize intercrops with two faba bean varieties (Gora and Moti) at three different densities (25, 50, and 75%) of the recommended sole faba bean (250,000 plants ha−1) on yield, economic return, and some soil fertility indicators in Tigray, northern Ethiopia. Randomized complete block design with three replications was used for the experiment. The intercrops revealed that a significantly higher total grain yield, economic revenue, and land equivalent ratio (LER) over the sole cropping. Intercrops also showed higher soil organic carbon and total nitrogen compared to the preplanting soil and sole maize. Maize intercropped with the Gora faba bean variety at a density of 50% increased the total grain yields, economic return, and LER, respectively, by 13, 42, and 38% over the sole maize. The intercrop also increased soil total N by 55 and 22% compared to the preplanting soil and sole maize, respectively. Intercropping maize with faba bean significantly improved crop yield, income, land-use productivity, and some soil fertility indicators than either the sole maize or faba bean crop in the semiarid region of northern Ethiopia.
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Lanzavecchia, Giovanna, Giulia Frascarelli, Lorenzo Rocchetti, Elisa Bellucci, Elena Bitocchi, Valerio Di Vittori, Fabiano Sillo, et al. "Genotype Combinations Drive Variability in the Microbiome Configuration of the Rhizosphere of Maize/Bean Intercropping System." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 2 (January 20, 2024): 1288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021288.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In an intercropping system, the interplay between cereals and legumes, which is strongly driven by the complementarity of below-ground structures and their interactions with the soil microbiome, raises a fundamental query: Can different genotypes alter the configuration of the rhizosphere microbial communities? To address this issue, we conducted a field study, probing the effects of intercropping and diverse maize (Zea mays L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., Phaseolus coccineus L.) genotype combinations. Through amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes from rhizosphere samples, our results unveil that the intercropping condition alters the rhizosphere bacterial communities, but that the degree of this impact is substantially affected by specific genotype combinations. Overall, intercropping allows the recruitment of exclusive bacterial species and enhances community complexity. Nevertheless, combinations of maize and bean genotypes determine two distinct groups characterized by higher or lower bacterial community diversity and complexity, which are influenced by the specific bean line associated. Moreover, intercropped maize lines exhibit varying propensities in recruiting bacterial members with more responsive lines showing preferential interactions with specific microorganisms. Our study conclusively shows that genotype has an impact on the rhizosphere microbiome and that a careful selection of genotype combinations for both species involved is essential to achieve compatibility optimization in intercropping.
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Girma Amare, Basha Kebede, and Dembi Korji. "Pre-Extension Demonstration and Evaluation of Maize (Zea Mays l.) -Haricot Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Intercropping Practices in Midlands of Guji Zone, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia." International Journal of Scientific Multidisciplinary Research 3, no. 1 (January 30, 2025): 65–78. https://doi.org/10.55927/ijsmr.v3i1.9901.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Planting two or more crops at the same time and location is known as intercropping. During the 2019 primary rainy season, the work was done in the Guji Zone in Oromia, Ethiopia, as well as the districts of Adola Rede and Odo Shakiso. Calculating the yield output and cost-benefit ratio of haricot bean and maize intercropping techniques under farmer conditions, as well as the preferences of farmers and other stakeholders, are among the objectives of the demonstration. A district's two Kebeles, or sites, were chosen depending on their potential to produce maize and haricot beans. Fifteen farmers were picked from each Kebele/site and placed in a single FRG. As a result, four FRGs with 60 farmers (15 women and 45 men) were formed. Better haricot bean (Haramaya) and maize (BH-546) cultivars have been shown by growing the crops alone in 100 m2 plots of each species, with the necessary amounts of seed and fertilizer placed 40 cm apart from one another and 10 and 75 cm apart for the haricot bean and maize, respectively. Field days, technological reviews, exchange visits, and training enhanced farmer-to-farmer knowledge of haricot bean-corn intercropping methods. Intercropping metrics, measurement, in-person interviews, and observation were employed to obtain the information. Descriptive statistics and a qualitative examination of the farmers' preferences were used to analyze the data. According to the demonstration results, a net return of 28,007.67 ETB/ha was achieved by producing 2.746 tons of maize and 2.323 tons of haricot beans per hectare
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SHILPA KAUSHAL, RAMESHWAR, J.P. SAINI, PUNAM, and N.K. SANKHYAN. "Performance of maize (Zea mays)-based intercropping systems and their residual effect on wheat (Triticum aestivum) + lentil (Lens culinaris) intercropping system under organic conditions." Indian Journal of Agronomy 60, no. 2 (October 10, 2001): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v60i2.4466.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A field experiment was conducted on a silty clay loam soil of Palampur during 201112 and 201213, to study performance of maize (Zea mays L.)-based intercropping systems and their residual effect on wheat [Triticum aestivum (L.) emend. Fiori & Paol.] + lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) intercropping under organic conditions. Growth, yield attributes, grain and stover yields of maize were more in sole stand. Intercropping systems resulted in significantly higher grain-maize-equivalent yield than sole stand. Maize + soybean (Glycine max) in both addi- tive and paired series resulted in higher maize-equivalent yield than the other intercrops and resulted in better yield of both maize and soybean crops and proved to be the best intercropping system with a net returns of 68,807 and 65,078 and net returns/rupee invested of 1.13 and 1.08 respectively. However, wheat and lentil on residual basis showed more yield on intercropping treatment than sole maize. Wheat recorded the highest yield when sown under soybean and ricebean treatment both in additive and paired series, whereas lentil recorded the highest grain yield when sown under asparagus bean (Vigna unguiculata sesquipedalis) additive series and was statistically at par with cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] in paired series. The highest available nitrogen was recorded in maize + soybean in paired and additive series, whereas the lowest available nitrogen in sole maize. Among the intercrops, soybean fixed more N followed by ricebean (Vigna umbellata), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and asparagus bean (Vigna unguiculata sesquipedalis). Higher values of available Phosphorus (10.5 kg/ha) and Potassium (228.1 kg/ha) was recorded in sole maize.
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Nigussei, Ashenafi. "The Influence of Cropping systems and Tillage practices on Growth, Yield, and Yield Components of Maize (Zea may L.) in Shalla District, West Arsi Ethiopia." Agronomy & Agricultural Science 5, no. 1 (August 2, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/aas-8292/100031.
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Lima, Pedro Luiz Terra, Marx Leandro Naves Silva, Nilton Curi, and John Quinton. "Soil loss by water erosion in areas under maize and jack beans intercropped and monocultures." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 38, no. 2 (April 2014): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542014000200004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Adequate soil management can create favorable conditions to reduce erosion and water runoff, consequently increase water soil recharge. Among management systems intercropping is highly used, especially for medium and small farmers. It is a system where two or more crops with different architectures and vegetative cycles are explored simultaneously at the same location. This research investigated the effects of maize intercropped with jack bean on soil losses due to water erosion, estimate C factor of Universal Soil Losses Equation (USLE) and how it can be affected by soil coverage. The results obtained also contribute to database generation, important to model and estimate soil erosion. Total soil loss by erosion caused by natural rain, at Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, were: 4.20, 1.86, 1.38 and 1.14 Mg ha-1, respectively, for bare soil, maize, jack bean and the intercropping of both species, during evaluated period. Values of C factor of USLE were: 0.039, 0.054 and 0.077 Mg ha Mg-1 ha-1 for maize, jack bean and intercropping between both crops, respectively. Maize presented lower vegetation cover index, followed by jack beans and consortium of the studied species. Intercropping between species showed greater potential on soil erosion control, since its cultivation resulted in lower soil losses than single crops cultivation, and this aspect is really important for small and medium farmers in the studied region.
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Begum, AA, JA Chowdhury, MZ Ali, MR Karim, and DA Choudhury. "Intercropping of Dwarf Yard Long Bean with Maize under Different Planting System." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 25, no. 2 (May 7, 2023): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v25i2.65925.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Field, BARI, Gazipur during kharif-1 season of 2020 and 2021 to find out suitable combination of maize and dwarf yard long bean intercropping for higher productivity and monetary advantage. Treatments included in the experiment were: T1= Maize normal row (MNR) +1 row dwarf yard long bean (DYLB), T2= Maize paired row (MPR) + 2 rows DYLB, T3= MPR +3 rows DYLB, T4= MPR + 4 rows DYLB, T5= Sole maize (60 cm x 20 cm) and T6= Sole DYLB (40 cm x 25 cm). Light availability on DYLB decreased with the increase of shade produced by maize canopy over the time up to 105 DAS. The lowest light availability on DYLB was observed in T1 treatment and the highest light availability in sole DYLB (T6). The maximum grain yield of maize was observed in sole maize decreased by 1-4 % among the intercrop treatments. The highest maize equivalent yield (13.75 t ha-1), gross return (Tk. 247500 ha-1), gross margin (Tk. 139000 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (2.28) were observed inT3 followed by T1. The highest land equivalent ratio (1.56) was also found in the same treatment. The results revealed that maize paired row + 3 rows dwarf yard long bean and hybrid maize normal row (60cm x 20cm) + 1 row dwarf yard long bean might be agronomically feasible and economically profitable for maize and dwarf yard long bean intercropping system at Joydebpur.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 11-17
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Pinki, Arshdeep Singh, and Mohit Nain. "Impact on Maize (Zea mays) Crop Productivity and Yield Parameters with Intercropping of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) and Moong Bean (Vigna radiata L.)." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 8 (June 10, 2023): 1278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i82070.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The current study evaluated the impact of intercropping Cowpea and Moong bean on Maize yield and its constituent parts. Nine different treatments were used in the experiment viz., (T1) sole Maize, (T2) sole Cowpea, (T3) sole Moong bean, (T4) Maize + Cowpea (1:1), (T5) Maize + Cowpea (1:2), (T6) Maize + Cowpea (1:3), (T7) Maize + Moong bean (1:1), (T8) Maize + Moong bean (1:2) and, (T9) Maize + Moong bean (2:1) in a randomized block design with three replications in Kharif season. The findings showed that intercropped plants had greater potential and produced higher values for the majority of the studied criteria, including plant height, chlorophyll meter reading (SPAD) number of cobs plant-1, number of rows cob-1, number of grains row-1, 100-grain weight, and straw and grain yields Intercrop’s seed yields were less in intercropped treatments than sole Maize. (T5) Maize + Cowpea (1:2) was best treatment having highest yield (5915.83 kg ha-1), maximum LER (1.8) and MEY (kg ha-1) (11663.36). This clearly demonstrated the advantages of intercropping Maize with legumes. This is because the leguminous crops can provide additional nutrients to the Maize crop through biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Additionally legumes can improve the declined soil productivity by enhancing the overall soil conditions like chemical, biological, and physical. The increased availability of nitrogen and enhancement in soil physical, chemical and biological properties can improve Maize growth, leading to higher yield. Additionally it boosts soil conservation by providing more ground cover than mono-cropping.
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K. MANORAMA and S.S. LAL. "Potato (Solanum tuberosum) based intercropping systems for Southern hills." Indian Journal of Agronomy 55, no. 3 (October 10, 2001): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v55i3.4753.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Field trials were conducted on sandy clay loam soils of the Nilgiris during summer seasons of 2003 to 2005 to study the intercropping possibilities of French beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.), maize ( Zea mays L.) and wheat ( Tr iti- cum aestivum L.) with potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) in three population proportions (75:25, 75:50 and 50:50) un- der rainfed conditions. The results indicated that potato + French bean at 75:50 population recorded significantly higher potato equivalent yield, (PEY) (27.1 t/ha), land equivalent ratio (LER) (1.28) and net returns (Rs 69,090) over sole potato. Intercropping of potato with wheat and maize resulted in significant decrease in PEY over sole potato. Potato is more competitive than other crops as evident from Relative Crowding Coefficient (RCC) values. However, at 50:50 ratios, French bean and maize are more competitive. Potato + maize (75:50 and 50:50) was found soil exhaustive while potato + French bean is soil restorative system.
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., Kritika, Arshdeep Singh, Shimpy Sarkar, and Jaspreet Kaur. "A Sustainable Approach Toward Food Security: Investigating the Effect of Intercropping on Soil Rhizospheric Activity, Weed Flora and Yield Attributes of Maize (Zea mays)." Nature Environment and Pollution Technology 24, S1 (January 16, 2025): 375–84. https://doi.org/10.46488/nept.2024.v24is1.029.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Maize is one of the staple food crops after wheat and rice crops. There is a reduction in the yield of maize due to biotic and abiotic factors. Due to more spacing in maize weeds are highly infested in the field which leads to reduced fertility of soil and sustainability. To maintain the fertility of soil and reduce the wastage of resources intercropping is the best option. By growing crops in between the rows of maize crops we can increase production and can achieve zero hunger. A field experiment was conducted at Lovely Professional University (Kharif 2022) to check the effect of black gram and French bean as intercrop in maize on weed flora, rhizospheric bacterial count, and yield parameters of maize. The experiment comprised 9 treatments i.e. Sole maize, Sole French bean and Sole black gram, Maize + French bean (1:1, 1:2, 1:3), Maize + black gram (1:1, 1:2, 1:3). Weed density and biomass recorded by quadrant 1 m2 method at 30 and 60 DAS (Days after sowing). Results of the study showed that minimum weed count of grasses (3.44, 3.26), sedges (3.13, 2.73), and BLW (Broad leaf weed) (3.26, 4.58) at 30 and 60 DAS recorded in those plots where intercropping of maize and black gram practiced in 1:3 proportion. Rhizospheric bacterial count viz. THB (total heterotrophic bacteria) (232.82), NRB (nitrate-reducing bacteria) (41.89), and NB (nitrifying bacteria) (161.86) were recorded highest in Maize + French bean 1:3 at 30 DAS. Whereas THB, NRB, and PSB (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) highest count recorded in Maize + Black gram 1:3 at 90 DAS. In the case of maize yield attributes maize + Black gram 1:2 gave the best result. Land Equivalent ratio and Maize Equivalent yield (2.23, 11671.03 kg.ha-1) were recorded maximum in those plots where Maize + Black gram 1:2 proportion was practiced. Intercropping can be used as an eco-friendly alternative to herbicides to reduce the weed population and infestation, which leads to maintaining soil fertility and enhancing sustainability.
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Ketema, Mengistu, Kibebew Kibret, Feyisa Hundessa, and Tewodros Bezu. "Adoption of Improved Maize Varieties as a Sustainable Agricultural Intensification in Eastern Ethiopia: Implications for Food and Nutrition Security." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, no. 6 (July 2, 2021): 998–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i6.998-1007.3937.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper examines factors determining farmers’ adoption decision for improved maize varieties in the maize-common bean intercropping practices in two districts of East Hararghe zone, Eastern Ethiopia. It is based on data collected from 129 farm households using structured questionnaire. Descriptive results revealed that adopters of improved maize varieties had better food and nutrition security status. Furthermore, logit model output indicated that the decision to adopt improved maize varieties is influenced by location (district) dummy, education status of the household head, age of the household head, distance from the main road, and the number of plots owned. Major recommendations include improving the rural road infrastructure, educating and training farmers, organizing experience sharing events among farmers, and raising awareness about the food and nutrition security benefits of sustainable agricultural intensification practices like intercropping improved maize with improved common bean varieties.
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HAMBURDĂ, Silvia Brândușa, Neculai MUNTEANU, Vasile STOLERU, and Gabriel Ciprian TELIBAN. "Effect of Intercropping System on the Quality and Quantity of Runner Bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.)." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 44, no. 2 (December 14, 2016): 613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha44210260.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Field experiments were conducted two consecutive years, in order to investigate runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) cultivated in pure crop system and in intercropping system. To achieve the desired aim, we set the following objectives: study of runner bean plant phenology, study of assimilating pigments content in the runner bean leaves, agro productivity study of runner bean crop, yield of runner bean crop, study of chemical composition of runner bean dry seeds. The studied experimental factor was the trellis system with six variants: (V1) - trellis, with double rows, on individual string, (V2) - trellis, with a single row, on individual string, (V3) - trellis, in a single row, on synthetic net (17 cm mesh), (V4) - intercropping with common maize plants, (V5) - intercropping with sunflower plants, (V6) - intercropping with Jerusalem artichoke plants. Runner bean yield ranged from 3,610 kg ha-1 (V2) to 1,684 kg ha-1 (V6) (first year) and from 3,170 kg ha-1 (V2) to 1,189 kg ha-1 (V6) (second year). Runner bean dry seeds contain: crude protein 22.65% (V6) - 25.47% (V3), crude fat 1.91% (V6) - 2.16% (V4), crude fibre 5.41% (V4) - 5.81% (V5) and nitrogen free extractive substances 62.11% (V3) - 64.92% (V4). The best variant of trellis for runner bean crop was the single row trellis system on individual string and the best intercropping system was intercropping with sunflower.
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Goulart, Jhonatan M., José Guilherme M. Guerra, José Antonio A. Espindola, Ednaldo da S. Araújo, and Janaína RC Rouws. "Shrub legume green manure intercropped with maize preceding organic snap bean cultivation." Horticultura Brasileira 39, no. 3 (September 21, 2021): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20210312.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate strategies for growing pigeon pea and tephrosia intercropped with maize in different spatial arrangements for green manure in organic snap bean farming in succession. The experimental design was a randomized block, in a 2x3 + 1 factorial scheme, corresponding to the two species and the cropping system (monocropping; intercropping with sowing in the same row or between rows). The treatments consisted of pigeon pea and tephrosia monocropping, pigeon pea or tephrosia intercropped with maize in the same planting furrow, pigeon pea or tephrosia intercropped with maize between rows, and maize monocropping (control). After cutting the pre-crops, snap beans were sown. The authors verified that the introduction of shrub leguminous plants in intercropping did not interfere with the phytotechnical characteristics of maize. The tephrosia monocropping and the intercropping of this species with maize, regardless of sowing location, provided, respectively, the highest productivities of pods and dry beans of snap beans, compared with pigeon pea pre-cropping.
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Shadab Niazi, Parastoo, Reza Monaem, and Amin Azadi. "Effect of Vermicompost on Yield and Forage Quality in Intercropping of Maize and Mung." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 5 (April 12, 2017): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n5p233.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To evaluate the quality and quantity of forage maize and green mung beans in monoculture and mixed farming an experiment was carried out in the form of split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications at educational and research center of Azad University of Shahre Rey in 2013. Vermicompost was considered at three levels in the main plots (zero, 2.5 and 5 tons per ha) and mixed planting of five levels as subplots (100% green gram; 100% corn; 50% green gram and 50% corn; 75% and 25% of corn plus 25% and 75% of mung bean respectively). The results showed that the highest forage dry yield belonged to 75% maize + 25% mung bean. Forage quality of intercropping of maize and mung bean was higher than maize monoculture. The highest digestibility belonged to 75% mung bean + 25% corn, which statistically had no significant difference compared with 50% corn + 50% mung bean.
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Nissa, Seerat un, Mehfooza Habib, Efath Shehnaz, Zahida Rashid, Shabeena Majid, Shahida Iqbal, Shamshir ul Hussan, and Tanveer Ahmad Ahngar. "Studies on Soil Health Condition as influenced by Sole and Intercropping System of Maize and Pulses under Rainfed Conditions." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 36, no. 7 (June 29, 2024): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74794.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Field experiments was conducted at Research Farm of division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture & Regional Research Station, (FOA & RRS) Wadura, SKUAST-K, to investigate the soil health condition as influenced by Sole and Intercropping System of Maize and Pulses Under Rainfed Conditions with following aim 1, Impact of Intercropping on Soil health condition. 2, Impact of Intercropping on yield and dry matter yield of maize-pulse crop and 3, Impact of Intercropping on nutrient content and uptake of N, P, K, Ca and Zn. Seven treatments laid out in a completely randomized block design with three replicates. The cropping system consisted of sole maize, sole pulse (local bean), maize + pulse in single row at 60cm in row ratio (1:1), maize + pulse in paired row at 60cm in row ratio (1:2), maize + pulse in single row at 75cm in row ratio (1:1), maize + pulse in paired row at 75cm in row ratio (1:2) and maize with pulse as mixed cropping. Maize variety SMC4 (Shalimar Maize Composite 4 and Pulse variety (Local bean, Rajmash) were used. At the end of the vegetative cycle, yield and yield components were measured. Results showed that at harvest, dry matter yield of treatment T4, T6 were found to be statistically at par but statistically significant over the other treatments. Cropping system had a significant effect on maize grain equivalent yield. The highest bulk density (1.24 Mgm-3) was recorded in treatment T1 and lowest (1.19 Mgm-3) in treatment T2. Slightly higher pH was recorded in treatment T1. Highest soil organic carbon (1.49%) was found in treatment T2 and lowest found in treatment T1. The available N, P, K (kg ha-1) are as follow. Highest N (315.19), P (10.70) and K (212.16) was recorded in treatment T2 and lowest N (275.79), P (10.54) and K (207.19) war recorded in treatment T1respectively.Based on these results, it is concluded that increased intimacy between maize + pulse (local bean) in paired row at 60cm in row ratio 1:2) in an intercrop system increased maize yields, nutrient uptake and improve soil health condition.
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Nolla, Antonio, Ivo Jucksh, João Henrique Castaldo, Ramon Costa Alvarenga, Liovando Marciano da Costa, Carla Raquel da Silva Damy, and Laudelino Vieira da Mota Neto. "Soil coverage, phytomass production and nutrient accumulation at intercropping maize and legumes system." 2019 13, (03) 2019 (March 20, 2019): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.03.p633.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Intercropping of maize and legume cover crop is currently usual at low technological areas, due to some high benefits and potential such as suppressing weeds, recycling nutrients and coverage of the soil. Suppression of weed is important due to its huge competitory impact on the commercial crops. The nutrient recycling is also important becuase it reduces usage of fertilizers on low technological agriculture. The soil coverage is important to prevent the erosion and reduce the nutrient leaching. All those positive effects can be influenced by type of cultivated species on the intercropping consortium. This study aimed to evaluate the soil coverage, phytomass production and accumulation of nutrients by plants in a maize and legume intercropping system. The experiment consisted of rustic maize “Caiano de Sobrália” variety, intercropped with Brazilian velvet bean, black mucuna, lablab-bean and pigeon pea, whereas a control treatment (sole maize culture) was also added. First, the maize was sown on the experiment. 64 days after emergence (DAE) the legumes were sown. The soil cover rates were evaluated at 0, 64, 84, 120, and 144 DAE. The corn grains were harvested at 120 DAE to obtain the corn grain yield. The remaining portion of maize and entire legume plants were sampled at 144 DAE, when the accumulation of dry mass and nutrient were measured. The intercropping system did not affect the corn grain yield and the soil cover rate provided by maize plants. The black mucuna had the greatest weeds suppression and nutrient accumulation among the legumes cover crops evaluated.