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Статті в журналах з теми "Malaria Control; Workers; Reducing Insecticides"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Ibrahim, Emaeldin, Fadul Ali Fatima, Osman Elamin Mohamed, and Aburass Elfatih. "AWARENESS ROLE AMONG MALARIA CONTROL WORKERS IN REDUCING INSECTICIDES RISKS, BAHRI LOCALITY, KHARTOUM CITY, SUDAN." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 5, no. 9 (2017): 132–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.999445.

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The use of insecticide leads to considerable health hazards for people, due to direct contact during application, contamination of food or drinking water. The effects of the dispersal and negligent handling of insecticide are a significant global health problem. WHO, estimated that one million unintentional acute insecticide poisonings occurred worldwide annually. It was expected that 735,000 cases of specific chronic effects and 37,000 unspecific health effects such as forms of cancer would occur annually. This emphasizes the role of awareness as a core element in protection of handlers. The

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2

Emaeldin, Ibrahim, Fatima Fadul Ali, Mohamed Osman Elamin, and Elfatih Aburass. "AWARENESS ROLE AMONG MALARIA CONTROL WORKERS IN REDUCING INSECTICIDES RISKS, BAHRI LOCALITY, KHARTOUM CITY, SUDAN." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 9 (2017): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i9.2017.2223.

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The use of insecticide leads to considerable health hazards for people, due to direct contact during application, contamination of food or drinking water. The effects of the dispersal and negligent handling of insecticide are a significant global health problem. WHO, estimated that one million unintentional acute insecticide poisonings occurred worldwide annually. It was expected that 735,000 cases of specific chronic effects and 37,000 unspecific health effects such as forms of cancer would occur annually. This emphasizes the role of awareness as a core element in protection of handlers.&#x0D

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3

Barker, Timothy Hugh, Grace McKenzie McBride, Mafalda Dias, et al. "Contextual factors related to vector-control interventions for malaria: a scoping review and evidence and gap map protocol." F1000Research 13 (March 27, 2024): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.144661.1.

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Objective This scoping review will identify existing literature regarding contextual factors relevant to vector-control interventions to prevent malaria. We will use the findings of the scoping review to produce an interactive evidence and gap map. The map will assist in the priority setting, development, and conduct of targeted systematic reviews. These systematic reviews seek to assist the Vector Control and Insecticide Resistance Unit of the World Health Organization’s Global Malaria Programme by informing recommendation development by their Guidelines Development Group. Introduction Malari

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4

Geoffrey, Abura. "Evaluating the Impact of Community-Based Interventions on Malaria Incidence Rates among Pregnant Women." INOSR APPLIED SCIENCES 13, no. 1 (2025): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.59298/inosras/2025/13.1.15000.

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Malaria remains a significant health threat to pregnant women, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where it contributes to maternal morbidity, neonatal mortality, and socio-economic burdens. Traditional malaria control methods, including insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp), have proven effective but often face challenges in accessibility and adherence. Community-based interventions (CBIs) that engage local populations and health workers are gaining attention as complementary approaches to reduce malaria incidence among pregnant women. This review evaluate

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5

Katile, Abdoulaye, Issaka Sagara, Mady Cissoko, et al. "Population impact of malaria control interventions in the health district of Kati, Mali." PLOS ONE 19, no. 12 (2024): e0289451. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289451.

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Background WHO and its partners have adopted alternative control interventions since the failure to eradicate malaria worldwide in the 1960s and 1970s. The aim of these interventions has been to redesign the control interventions to make them more effective and more efficient. The purpose of this study is to assess the population impact of control interventions implemented at the community health area level. Methods The analysis used data from the health information system on malaria cases and interventions (distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs), seasonal malaria chemop

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6

Elamin Bushara, Mohamed Osman. "Role of health awareness among malaria control workers in their occupational health and safety practices." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 12 (2017): 4420. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20175315.

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Background: The study conducted at Khartoum North, Khartoum state, Sudan to determine the role of health awareness among malaria control workers in their occupational health and safety. All workers (80) were selected for the study. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study concentrating on the role of awareness among Malaria control program workers who were using insecticides in their occupational health and safety practices, where questionnaire, interviews, intervention program used. Results: The study clarified that there is a high significant change in practices among malaria control wor

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7

Weedall, Gareth D., Leon M. J. Mugenzi, Benjamin D. Menze, et al. "A cytochrome P450 allele confers pyrethroid resistance on a major African malaria vector, reducing insecticide-treated bednet efficacy." Science Translational Medicine 11, no. 484 (2019): eaat7386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aat7386.

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Metabolic resistance to insecticides such as pyrethroids in mosquito vectors threatens control of malaria in Africa. Unless it is managed, recent gains in reducing malaria transmission could be lost. To improve monitoring and assess the impact of insecticide resistance on malaria control interventions, we elucidated the molecular basis of pyrethroid resistance in the major African malaria vector, Anopheles funestus. We showed that a single cytochrome P450 allele (CYP6P9a_R) in A. funestus reduced the efficacy of insecticide-treated bednets for preventing transmission of malaria in southern Afr

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8

Hemingway, Janet. "The role of vector control in stopping the transmission of malaria: threats and opportunities." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369, no. 1645 (2014): 20130431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0431.

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Malaria control, and that of other insect borne diseases such as dengue, is heavily dependent on our ability to control the mosquito populations that transmit these diseases. The major push over the last decade to reduce the global burden of malaria has been driven by the distribution of pyrethroid insecticide-treated bednets and an increase in coverage of indoor residual spraying (IRS). This has reduced malaria deaths by a third. Progress towards the goal of reducing this further is threatened by lack of funding and the selection of drug and insecticide resistance. When malaria control was in

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9

Brown, Graham, and Stephen Rogerson. "Malaria: global challenges for malaria eradication." Microbiology Australia 37, no. 1 (2016): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma16013.

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The enormous decline in the annual morbidity and mortality from malaria is the spectacular global public health success of the past decade. This achievement results largely from increased finance for investment in measures known to prevent malaria: bednets treated with long-lasting insecticides, chemoprophylaxis, and rapid access to effective treatment. Such has been the success of these measures that plans are being put in place to achieve the vision of a malaria-free world within the next three decades. Large financial and political commitments and ongoing research will be required to mainta

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10

NGONGHALA, CALISTUS N., JOSEPHINE WAIRIMU, JESSE ADAMSKI, and HARDIK DESAI. "IMPACT OF ADAPTIVE MOSQUITO BEHAVIOR AND INSECTICIDE-TREATED NETS ON MALARIA PREVALENCE." Journal of Biological Systems 28, no. 02 (2020): 515–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339020400100.

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Malaria prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa remains high. Kenya for example, records about 3.5 million new cases and 11 thousand deaths each year.1 Most of these cases and deaths are among children under five. The main control method in malaria endemic regions has been through the use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs). Although this approach has been fairly successful, the gains are threatened by mosquito-resistance to pyrethroids (insecticides on nets), physical and chemical degradation of ITNs that reduce their efficacy, inconsistent and improper use by humans, etc. We present a model to inves

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11

Dass, Kaliyamoorthy, Pitchaimuthu Mariappan, Packiyanathan Ramya, and Nagamuthu Prakash. "Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Mosquito Control: A Review of Larvicidal Activity from Plant Extracts." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 45, no. 22 (2024): 242–66. https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2024/v45i224677.

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Mosquitoes transmit several deadly diseases such as brain fever, chikungunya, dengue fever, filariasis, hemorrhagic fever, Japanese encephalitis, malaria, dengue, and Zika. While synthetic chemical insecticides are commonly used for mosquito control, they pose significant risks to human health and the environment. As a result, plant-based insecticides have emerged as a promising alternative. Recent studies have shown that green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) derived from plant extracts exhibit potent larvicidal activity. This review highlights the effectiveness of silver nanoparticle

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12

MNM, Hamad. "Malaria Vaccine: The Role of Anopheline Saliva." Journal of Health Care and Research 1, no. 1 (2020): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36502/2020/hcr.6153.

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Malaria is one of the most spread parasitic diseases in the world, certainly, in tropical areas, it kills millions of people in those parts of the world chiefly pregnant ladies and young children. Several efforts attempt to control malaria in these areas, but it faced by many factors such as wars, vector resistance to insecticides, poor knowledge and practice of health care workers and the absence of good communications between international organizations and policymakers in that regions. Many attempts to produce an effective vaccine against malaria failed due to looking to the parasitic cycle

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13

Mwaura F., Maina. "The Role of Wolbachia-Based Interventions in Reducing Malaria Transmission: A Scoping Review of Field Trials and Modeling Studies." RESEARCH INVENTION JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCES 5, no. 2 (2025): 113–16. https://doi.org/10.59298/rijses/2025/52113116.

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Malaria continues to be a major global health threat, particularly in malaria-endemic regions such as sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. Despite significant advancements in vector control, including insecticide-treated nets and indoor spraying, the emergence of resistance to insecticides and antimalarial drugs has hampered efforts to reduce transmission. Wolbachia, an intracellular bacterium that infects arthropods, has gained attention as a novel intervention for controlling malaria transmission. This review synthesized findings from field trials and modeling studies on Wolbachia-based in

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14

Hemingway, Janet. "Vectors: recognising the challenge and reducing neglect." International Health 11, no. 5 (2019): 341–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihz050.

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Abstract Vector control is essential for the prevention and reduction of malaria transmission and is increasingly recognised as a key element of several neglected tropical disease (NTD) elimination programmes. Very few vector control interventions have a strong evidence base for their public health impact, and those that do are insecticide-based and threatened by resistance. The pipeline of new interventions and new insecticides is being filled and several are undergoing randomised controlled trials. If these are subsequently to be used sustainably, interventions will need to be combined. The

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15

Ogbonna, Emmanuel K. "Malaria Prevention and Control in Nigeria: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Current Strategies." NEWPORT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 5, no. 3 (2024): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/nijrms/2024/5.3.7679.

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Malaria has been a significant public health challenge in Nigeria, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly among children under five and pregnant women. Despite all efforts made to control and prevent malaria, Nigeria continued to bear a disproportionate share of the global malaria burden. This review critically evaluated the effectiveness of current malaria prevention and control strategies in Nigeria, including the use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), indoor residual spraying (IRS), chemoprevention, and public health education campaigns. The methodology involved a

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16

Love, O. Ogundipe, Guilavogui Jean Paul Yassa, Kajero Ayokunle, Akinlalu Titilope, and K. Omode Paulinus. "Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Malaria Prevention and Management among the General Population in Akure South Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 14, no. 4 (2025): 155–68. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2025.1404.019.

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Malaria remains a global public health challenge, notably in tropical and subtropical regions. Despite extensive control efforts, it continues to strain healthcare systems. This study focuses on Akure South Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria, where facility-based malaria cases are prevalent. Despite government interventions, knowledge gaps and healthcare access barriers persist. The research aims to comprehensively assess malaria prevention and treatment knowledge, attitudes, and practices in Akure to guide targeted interventions. A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected commu

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17

Ileke, Kayode David, and Isaac Omotayo Olabimi. "Bioengineering of malaria vectors, anopheles mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) as a control strategy: An overview." Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences 6, no. 12 (2019): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21472/bjbs.061204.

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Disease in any form is undesirable in any human population. Malaria is a communicable disease that is vectored by female Anopheles mosquitoes. It is the leading vector transmitted disease in terms of the number of morbidity and mortality accounting for over 200 million cases annually. Several control measures have been employed by man over the years to control the vector which will in turn lead to the control of the diseases with the popular ones involving the use of insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying of insecticides. However, these control measures have their various pitfalls. The

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18

Levens, Watson. "Modelling the Combined Use of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets and Insecticides Zooprophylaxis Against the Resilience of Anopheles Arabiensis for Effective Malaria Control." Tanzania Journal of Science 50, no. 1 (2024): 134–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjs.v50i1.11.

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Malaria is a significant public health concern, especially in tropical regions. It remains endemic in many areas where malaria mosquitoes are prevalent. This study investigates the viability of insecticide zooprophylaxis (IZ) in conjunction with Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) as a strategic approach to combat malaria transmission, particularly in regions dominated by zoophagic vectors. Through the presentation and analysis of a mathematical model that integrates IZ and LLINs for the control of Anopheles arabiensis (An. arabiensis), the research underscores IZ's role in reducing zoophag

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19

Siegert, Konrad, Welmoed van Loon, Prabhanjan P. Gai, et al. "The Effect of Socioeconomic Factors and Indoor Residual Spraying on Malaria in Mangaluru, India: A Case-Control Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (2021): 11853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211853.

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India faces 0.5 million malaria cases annually, including half of all Plasmodium vivax malaria cases worldwide. This case–control study assessed socioeconomic determinants of urban malaria in coastal Mangaluru, Karnataka, southwestern India. Between June and December 2015, we recruited 859 malaria patients presenting at the governmental Wenlock Hospital and 2190 asymptomatic community controls. We assessed clinical, parasitological, and socioeconomic data. Among patients, p. vivax mono-infection (70.1%) predominated. Most patients were male (93%), adult (median, 27 years), had no or low-level

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20

Saba, Mohammed Mansoor, D. N. Shrivathsa, Khatri Mahendra, and Kumar Hemant. "A Study on the Evaluation of Current Prevalence of Malaria in India." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 9 (2022): 343–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13327741.

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<strong>Introduction:</strong> The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that malaria poses a threat to 93% of India’s population.  One of the main issues with the nation’s public health is malaria. The National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) reports around 1.5 million confirmed cases each year, of which 40-50% are caused by Plasmodium falciparum. If proper therapy is initiated early, malaria can be cured. Early case detection and prompt treatment (EDPT), active case detection, and passive case detection through fever treatment depots and village link

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21

Bonlay, Monika, Rinawaty Sirait, and Serlie K. A. Littik. "Efektivitas Program Kelambunisasi di Puskesmas Oesapa Kecamatan Kelapa Lima Kota Kupang." Lontar : Journal of Community Health 1, no. 1 (2019): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/ljch.v1i1.2155.

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The program for routine insecticide-treated bed nets is one of the government's efforts to reduce malaria morbidity. The research objective was to describe the effectiveness of the routine insecticide-treated bednet distribution program in the context of reducing malaria morbidity in Oesapa Health Center, Kelapa Lima District, Kupang City in 2018. Descriptive survey research with a qualitative approach. Informants in this study amounted to 3 people and 65 families as observation samples. The research instrument uses interview guidelines. The results of the study show 1) Input; health workers a

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22

Yakob, Laith, Rebecca Dunning, and Guiyun Yan. "Indoor residual spray and insecticide-treated bednets for malaria control: theoretical synergisms and antagonisms." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 8, no. 59 (2010): 799–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2010.0537.

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Indoor residual spray (IRS) of insecticides and insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs) are the two most important malaria vector control tools in the tropical world. Application of both tools in the same locations is being implemented for malaria control in endemic and epidemic Africa. The two tools are assumed to have synergistic benefits in reducing malaria transmission because they both act at multiple stages of the transmission cycle. However, this assumption has not been rigorously examined, empirically or theoretically. Using mathematical modelling, we obtained the conditions for which a com

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23

Pickett, John. "Michael Elliott CBE. 30 September 1924 — 17 October 2007." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 62 (January 2016): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2016.0018.

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Michael Elliott was the leader of work at Rothamsted that invented and subsequently commercially developed the pyrethroids, a new class of insecticides. Michael made probably the greatest individual contribution to the control of insect pests that not only constrain global food production but also affect the health of ourselves and our livestock. In one of the first pioneering structure–activity relationship studies, Michael led the multidisciplinary team that invented the major pyrethroid insecticides bioresmethrin, permethrin, cypermethrin and deltamethrin. In the 1980s these represented two

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24

Hilton, Emily R., Ndombour Gning-Cisse, Auguste Assi, et al. "Reduction of malaria case incidence following the introduction of clothianidin-based indoor residual spraying in previously unsprayed districts: an observational analysis using health facility register data from Côte d’Ivoire, 2018–2022." BMJ Global Health 9, no. 3 (2024): e013324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013324.

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BackgroundIndoor residual spraying (IRS) using neonicotinoid-based insecticides (clothianidin and combined clothianidin with deltamethrin) was deployed in two previously unsprayed districts of Côte d’Ivoire in 2020 and 2021 to complement standard pyrethroid insecticide-treated nets. This retrospective observational study uses health facility register data to assess the impact of IRS on clinically reported malaria case incidence.MethodsHealth facility data were abstracted from consultation registers for the period September 2018 to April 2022 in two IRS districts and two control districts that

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25

Oo, Win Han, Aung Thi, Win Htike, et al. "Evaluation of the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of a Community-delivered Integrated Malaria Elimination (CIME) model in Myanmar: protocol for an open stepped-wedge cluster-randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 11, no. 8 (2021): e050400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050400.

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IntroductionIn the Greater Mekong Subregion, community health workers, known as malaria volunteers, have played a key role in reducing malaria in the control phase, providing essential malaria services in areas with limited formal healthcare. However, the motivation and social role of malaria volunteers, and testing rates, have declined with decreasing malaria burden and reorientation of malaria programmes from control to elimination. Provision of additional interventions for common health concerns could help sustain the effectiveness of volunteers and maintain malaria testing rates required f

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Chaccour, Carlos J., Sergi Alonso, Rose Zulliger, et al. "Combination of indoor residual spraying with long-lasting insecticide-treated nets for malaria control in Zambezia, Mozambique: a cluster randomised trial and cost-effectiveness study protocol." BMJ Global Health 3, no. 1 (2018): e000610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000610.

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BackgroundMost of the reduction in malaria prevalence seen in Africa since 2000 has been attributed to vector control interventions. Yet increases in the distribution and intensity of insecticide resistance and higher costs of newer insecticides pose a challenge to sustaining these gains. Thus, endemic countries face challenging decisions regarding the choice of vector control interventions.MethodsA cluster randomised trial is being carried out in Mopeia District in the Zambezia Province of Mozambique, where malaria prevalence in children under 5 is high (68% in 2015), despite continuous and c

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Orng, Long Heng, Monnaphat Jongdeepaisal, Panarasri Khonputsa, et al. "Rethinking village malaria workers in Cambodia: Perspectives from the communities, programme managers, and international stakeholders." PLOS Global Public Health 4, no. 12 (2024): e0003962. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003962.

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Since the early 2000s, malaria cases in Cambodia have declined steadily. Village malaria workers (VMWs) have played a critical role in reducing malaria transmission and progress towards malaria elimination. To prevent malaria re-establishment, however, implementation strategies need to consider carefully the changing healthcare needs in the communities as well as challenges to, and opportunities for, programme adaptation. We conducted in-depth interviews with a diverse range of stakeholders involved in the planning or implementation of the VMW programme in Cambodia, to elicit their views and e

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Chewe, Ernest. "Examining Institutional Preparedness in Handling Malaria: A Case Study of Mwinilunga District, Zambia." Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Science 2, no. 1 (2025): 37–49. https://doi.org/10.69739/jahss.v2i1.272.

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The main purpose of this study was to examine institutional preparedness in handling malaria control in Mwinilunga District of Zambia. It was guided by the following objectives, which were to identify the challenges faced by public health institutions in implementing effective malaria prevention and control measures. To assess the capacity and preparedness of health institutions to respond to malaria outbreaks, including resource availability, staff training, and surveillance systems. To analyse the role of community engagement and behavioural practices in influencing the success of malaria pr

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Deepak, Kumar, and Kumar Sinha Kishore. "An Analysis of Malaria-Related Pediatric Morbidity and Mortality at JLNMCH, Bhagalpur." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 5 (2024): 2759–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13771186.

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<strong>Background: </strong>Malaria remains a major public health concern, particularly in pediatric populations in endemic regions. Despite global efforts to reduce malaria-related morbidity and mortality, children continue to be disproportionately affected, especially in rural areas with limited healthcare access. In India, Bihar is one of the states with a significant burden of malaria, contributing to high rates of pediatric hospital admissions and deaths. <strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the morbidity and mortality associated with pediatric malaria. <strong>Methods:&

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James Kant, Kamuhanda. "Anthropogenic Factors Influencing Malaria Transmission in Ngoma District." East African Journal of Science and Technology 14, no. 1 (2024): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.62103/unilak.eajst.14.1.229.

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Malaria continues to remain a major health problem in Ngoma district and Rwanda at large despite various measures that have been geared towards treatment and control of the disease. The present study aimed to examine anthropogenic factors influencing malaria transmission in Ngoma district. A cross-sectional survey employing questionnaires, observation, and interviews was used to collect primary data, while secondary data on the seasonality of malaria transmission were gathered from published and unpublished hospital reports and a nearby weather station. The target population included 946 commu

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Ahmed, Abrar, Kara Grace Hounsell, Talha Sadiq, et al. "Eliminating malaria in conflict zones: public health strategies developed in the Sri Lanka Civil War." BMJ Global Health 6, no. 12 (2021): e007453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-007453.

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Despite the 26-year long civil war, Sri Lanka was declared malaria-free by WHO in 2016. This achievement was the result of nearly 30 years of elimination efforts following the last significant resurgence of malaria cases in Sri Lanka. The resurgence occurred in 1986–1987, when about 600 000 cases of malaria were detected. Obstacles to these efforts included a lack of healthcare workers in conflict zones, a disruption of vector control efforts, gaps in the medication supply chain, and rising malaria cases among the displaced population.This article seeks to describe the four strategies deployed

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Koto Yérima Gounou Boukari, Massioudou, Genevieve Tchigossou, Innocent Djègbè, et al. "Exposure to copper metal enhances the tolerance of An. gambiae s.s. over multiple generations while reducing both fertility and fecundity in this primary malaria vector." Wellcome Open Research 9 (October 28, 2024): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23229.1.

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Background Anopheles s.l. displays the potential to develop tolerance to heavy metals, particularly copper, this may occur at a significant biological cost, which can adversely affect its ecological fitness. This study investigated the larval metal exposure on larval development and reproduction of An. gambiae s.s., a laboratory susceptible strain, kisumu. Methods Stage 2 larvae of Anopheles gambiae, Kisumu were exposed to C1 = 484 μg L-1, C2 = 300 μg L-1 and 0 μg L-1 (control) of copper chloride. Larval mortality, pupation time, pupation rate, gonotrophic cycle length, fecundity and fertility

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Nkemngo, Francis N., Leon M. J. Mugenzi, Ebai Terence, et al. "Elevated Plasmodium sporozoite infection and multiple insecticide resistance in the principal malaria vectors Anopheles funestus and Anopheles gambiae in a forested locality close to the Yaoundé airport, Cameroon." Wellcome Open Research 5 (June 23, 2020): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15818.1.

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Background: Reducing the burden of malaria requires better understanding of vector populations, particularly in forested regions where the incidence remains elevated. Here, we characterized malaria vectors in a locality near the Yaoundé international airport, Cameroon, including species composition, abundance, Plasmodium infection rate, insecticide resistance profiles and underlying resistance mechanisms. Methods: Blood-fed adult mosquitoes resting indoors were aspirated from houses in April 2019 at Elende, a village located 2 km from the Yaoundé-Nsimalen airport. Female mosquitoes were forced

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Nkemngo, Francis N., Leon M. J. Mugenzi, Ebai Terence, et al. "Multiple insecticide resistance and Plasmodium infection in the principal malaria vectors Anopheles funestus and Anopheles gambiae in a forested locality close to the Yaoundé airport, Cameroon." Wellcome Open Research 5 (November 5, 2020): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15818.2.

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Background: Reducing the burden of malaria requires better understanding of vector populations, particularly in forested regions where the incidence remains elevated. Here, we characterized malaria vectors in a locality near the Yaoundé international airport, Cameroon, including species composition, abundance, Plasmodium infection rate, insecticide resistance profiles and underlying resistance mechanisms. Methods: Blood-fed adult mosquitoes resting indoors were aspirated from houses in April 2019 at Elende, a locality situated 2 km from the Yaoundé-Nsimalen airport. Female mosquitoes were forc

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Davis, Emma L., T. Déirdre Hollingsworth, and Matt J. Keeling. "An analytically tractable, age-structured model of the impact of vector control on mosquito-transmitted infections." PLOS Computational Biology 20, no. 3 (2024): e1011440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011440.

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Vector control is a vital tool utilised by malaria control and elimination programmes worldwide, and as such it is important that we can accurately quantify the expected public health impact of these methods. There are very few previous models that consider vector-control-induced changes in the age-structure of the vector population and the resulting impact on transmission. We analytically derive the steady-state solution of a novel age-structured deterministic compartmental model describing the mosquito feeding cycle, with mosquito age represented discretely by parity—the number of cycles (or

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Ntabakirabose, Gaspard, Clementine Mukanoheri, Karinda Vital, Marie Uwera, Concorde Nsengumuremyi, and Venuste Nsengimana. "Assessment of the Effect of Neem Plant Products on House Mosquito Repellency: A Case Study of Burera and Gicumbi Districts." American Journal of Entomology 8, no. 1 (2024): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20240801.12.

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Insect pests, diseases, and weeds are interlinked and complement each other. Mosquito bites constitute a nuisance to man and his environment. The female Anopheles mosquito transmits malaria parasites, Aedes aegygti mosquitoes are known to transmit yellow fever and dengue fever. Therefore, the present study seeks to assess the effect of neem plant products on house mosquito repelling. A case study of Burera, and Gicumbi Districts. A cross-section sampling technique was used in this study. Six respondents were selected from each category to make a sixth (60) respondent sample size. The results o

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Okoh, H. I., I. M. Odoh, J. Ahmed, F. Oluwafemi, U. C. Morikwe, and A. Augustine. "Effects of Mosquito Coil Smoke Inhalation on the Haematological, Biochemical, and Histopathological Parameters of Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus)." Nigerian Journal of Parasitology 44, no. 1 (2023): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v44i1.20.

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Malaria remains the most important mosquito-borne parasitic disease in sub – Saharan Africa and one of the ways of reducing the risk of the disease is by preventing mosquito–human contact. Mosquito coil (MC) is a coiled substance having one or more insecticides that slowly burns to emit smoke that repels mosquitoes. Some emissions from mosquito coil smoke (MCS) have however been reported to have various health implications. In this study, we investigated the effect of MCS inhalation on the haematological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters of Wistar rats. Twenty adults male Wistar r

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Marangu, Victor Mwiti, Robert Mburugu Kei, and Dorothy Kagendo. "Community Conversations: A Tool in Improving Health Outcomes and Reducing the Burden of Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in Isiolo County, Kenya." European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 6, no. 2 (2024): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.2.2044.

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Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by Leishmania species that affects human. Transmission is through the bite of Phlebotomus sandflies. Globally, WHO ranks Kala-azar as the second largest parasitic killer after Malaria. The disease poses a threat to more than a billion people on almost every continent. Approximately 90% of Kala-azar global burden is found in Africa. Major endemicity is documented in Eastern Africa (Kenya, South Sudan, Sudan, Ethiopia, and Somalia). Accurate burden of the disease in Kenya is unknown attributable to inadequate informa

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Kibibi, Wairimu H. "Epidemiology of Anaemia in Children under Five in Uganda: Current Trends, Challenges, and Strategic Approaches." RESEARCH INVENTION JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCES 4, no. 1 (2024): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/rijses/2024/411723.

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Anaemia in children under five years old is a significant public health issue in Uganda, affecting over half of the vulnerable population and posing challenges to their health and development. The issue is influenced by nutritional deficiencies, infectious diseases, socioeconomic factors, and limited healthcare access. Clinical manifestations include pallor, fatigue, and developmental delays, and early detection is difficult due to non-specific symptoms, resource constraints, and cultural practices. The impact of anaemia on child health and development is profound, affecting physical growth, c

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D.C, Ndeokwelu, Ojo-Rowland O.T, Adeoti S.G, et al. "Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Parents Regarding Malaria Chemoprevention for Children in ILORIN, KWARA State." International Journal Of Family Medicine And Public Health 04, no. 01 (2025): 01–07. https://doi.org/10.51521/ijfmph.2025.41114.

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Introduction: Malaria chemoprevention has been adopted in Nigeria as one of the preventive strategies aimed at reducing the burden of malaria, but the effectiveness of these interventions is intrinsically linked to the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of parents and caregivers regarding this malaria prevention strategy. This study aims to comprehensively assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of parents concerning this preventive method, thereby informing targeted interventions to improve uptake and adherence to malaria prevention strategies. Methods: A hospital-based, descriptive c

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Iqbal, Attiya, Naveeda Akhtar Qureshi, Saleh S. Alhewairini, Nargis Shaheen, Aneeqa Hamid, and Muhammad Zahid Qureshi. "Biocidal action, characterization, and molecular docking of Mentha piperita (Lamiaceae) leaves extract against Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (2022): e0270219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270219.

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Mosquitoes are found in tropical and subtropical areas and are the carriers of a variety of diseases that are harmful to people’s health. e.g., malaria, filariasis, chikungunya, dengue fever, etc. Although several insecticides are available, however, due to insect resistance and environmental hazards, more eco-friendly chemicals are needed for insect control. So, the current research was planned to explore the prospective of Mentha piperita to be used for the formulation of larvicides against mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. The ethanolic and water extracts of M. piperita leaves were prepared

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Ofili, Mary Isioma, and Bartholomew Chukwuebuka Nwogueze. "Level of awareness and utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets among medical students as measures for reducing malaria episodes." Scientific Reports 14, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-60523-7.

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AbstractThis study examined the level of awareness and utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets among medical students as measures for reducing malaria episodes in Delta State University, Abraka. It was a descriptive study with objectives and research questions formulated to achieve the study design. A sample size of 200 male and female students resident in the campus hostels were selected using random sampling technique. A self-structured questionnaire was designed and administered to the study participants, however, only 148 copies of the questionnaires were successfully retrieved and use

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Chaccour, Carlos, Rose Zulliger, Joe Wagman, et al. "Incremental impact on malaria incidence following indoor residual spraying in a highly endemic area with high standard ITN access in Mozambique: results from a cluster‐randomized study." Malaria Journal 20, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03611-7.

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Abstract Background Attaining the goal of reducing the global malaria burden is threatened by recent setbacks in maintaining the effectiveness of vector control interventions partly due to the emergence of pyrethroid resistant vectors. One potential strategy to address these setbacks could be combining indoor residual spraying (IRS) with non-pyrethroids and standard insecticide-treated nets (ITNs). This study aimed to provide evidence on the incremental epidemiological benefit of using third-generation IRS product in a highly endemic area with high ITN ownership. Methods A cluster-randomized,

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Khaligh, Fereshteh Ghahvechi, Abbas Jafari, Elena Silivanova, Mikhail Levchenko, Bahlol Rahimi, and Saber Gholizadeh. "Endectocides as a complementary intervention in the malaria control program: a systematic review." Systematic Reviews 10, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01578-9.

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Abstract Background Malaria is the most common vector-borne disease transmitted to humans by Anopheles mosquitoes. Endectocides and especially ivermectin will be available as a vector control tool soon. The current review could be valuable for trial design and clinical studies to control malaria transmission. Methods PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct were searched for original English published papers on (“Malaria chemical control” OR “Malaria elimination” OR “Anopheles vector control” OR “Malaria zooprophylaxis”) AND (“Systemic insecticides” OR “Endectocides” OR “Iver

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SAGNA, André Barembaye, Lamidi ZELA, Cheick Oumar Wendpagnandé OUEDRAOGO, et al. "Ivermectin as a Novel Malaria Control Tool: Getting Ahead of the Resistance Curse." March 21, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7756884.

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Reduction in malaria clinical cases is strongly dependent on the ability to prevent <em>Anopheles</em> infectious bites. Vector control strategies using long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying with insecticides have contributed to significantly reduce the incidence of malaria in many endemic countries, especially in the Sub-Saharan region. However, global progress in reducing malaria cases has plateaued since 2015 mostly due to the increased insecticide resistance and behavioral changes in <em>Anopheles</em> vectors. Additional control strategies are thus required to furthe

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Obeagu, Emmanuel Ifeanyi, and Getrude Uzoma Obeagu. "Emerging public health strategies in malaria control: innovations and implications." Annals of Medicine & Surgery, September 20, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000002578.

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Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in regions with limited resources and tropical climates. Despite extensive efforts, the disease continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality, with approximately 229 million cases and 409,000 deaths reported in 2020. However, recent years have seen promising advancements in public health strategies aimed at malaria control and elimination. Technological advancements have played a crucial role in improving malaria control efforts. Genomic surveillance techniques enable the monitoring of malaria parasite populations, ai

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Chareonviriyaphap, Theeraphap, Daeyun Kim, John Aerol Nobleza, Suthat Lhaosudto, and Chauwat Charoenwiriyapap. "Why Is Insecticide Resistance Rare in Malaria Vectors in Thailand?" Entomological Research 55, no. 3 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70032.

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ABSTRACTInsecticide resistance in mosquito populations is an important area in the insecticide‐disease control equation. Two major types of insecticide responses have been well recognized: physiological resistance and behavioral avoidance. Globally, the development of physiological resistance to insecticides among insect groups and disease vectors has been widely documented. In Thailand, physiological resistance has emerged across all major classes of synthetic insecticides where the majority are synthetic pyrethroids. Interestingly, the physiological resistance remains limited in Anopheles ve

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Zhou, Guofa, Ming-chieh Lee, Xiaoming Wang, Daibin Zhong, Elizabeth Hemming-Schroeder, and Guiyun Yan. "An Adaptive Intervention Trial Design for Finding the Optimal Integrated Strategies for Malaria Control and Elimination in Africa: A Model Simulation Study." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, September 7, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0254.

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There are a number of available and emerging malaria intervention tools that require innovative trial designs to find the optimal combinations at given epidemiologic settings. We simulated intervention strategies based on adaptive interventions, which included long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), piperonyl butoxide–treated LLINs (PBO-LLINs), indoor residual spraying (IRS), and long-lasting microbial larviciding (LLML). The aims were to determine if PBO-LLINs or LLIN+IRS combination is more effective for initial interventions than LLINs and to identify the most effective intervention. We use

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Zhou, Guofa, Eugenia Lo, Andrew K. Githeko, Yaw A. Afrane, and Guiyun Yan. "Long-lasting microbial larvicides for controlling insecticide resistant and outdoor transmitting vectors: a cost-effective supplement for malaria interventions." Infectious Diseases of Poverty 9, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00767-3.

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AbstractThe issues of pyrethroid resistance and outdoor malaria parasite transmission have prompted the WHO to call for the development and adoption of viable alternative vector control methods. Larval source management is one of the core malaria vector interventions recommended by the Ministry of Health in many African countries, but it is rarely implemented due to concerns on its cost-effectiveness. New long-lasting microbial larvicide can be a promising cost-effective supplement to current vector control and elimination methods because microbial larvicide uses killing mechanisms different f

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Chan, Kallista, Christian Bottomley, Kazuki Saito, Jo Lines, and Lucy S. Tusting. "The control of malaria vectors in rice fields: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24055-2.

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AbstractThe relatively stable aquatic conditions of irrigated lowland and rainfed rice, which is grown across 145 million hectares in more than 100 countries, are capable of generating large numbers of mosquito vectors of malaria, which causes more than 400,000 deaths per year worldwide. Many methods can control these vectors, but a systematic review has not previously been conducted. This study assesses whether larviciding, fish or intermittent irrigation can significantly reduce malaria vectors in rice fields whilst increasing rice yield. After a literature search for studies reporting the e

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