Дисертації з теми "Measurement protocol"
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1
Wu, Chen. "A new TCP protocol based on end-to-end available bandwidth measurement /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ELEC%202005%20WU.
2
Horn, Stacey Lynn. "Evaluation of a new standardized modified ramp protocol : the modified BSU ramp protocol." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1129626.
Анотація:
The purpose of this study was to develop a prediction equation for peak oxygen uptake using the Modified BSU Ramp protocol. Thirty-four subjects (14 men and 20 women, age 32-83 years) completed the standard Ball State University Adult Physical Fitness Program quiet and exercise testing sessions, with the maximal exercise test conducted with the Modified BSU Ramp protocol. The modified ramp protocol increases speed and grade every 20 seconds, and it increases by - 0.15 METs every increment for the first 6 minutes and --0.3 METs per increment thereafter. The Modified BSU ramp protocol was developed to allow for reasonable exercise test times from a standardized ramp protocol with individuals with low functional capacities < 10 METs. Pre-test procedures included height and weight measurements, resting blood pressure, resting heart rate, body fat measures, a blood lipid profile, and resting electrocardiogram (ECG). Exercise testing included ECG, heart rate, and blood pressure that were recorded prior to, during, and in the recovery phase of exercise. Subjects were instructed to continue exercise until fatigue, and respiratory gases were collected to determine V02 . Data was then analyzed using multiple regression techniques. Gender, age, body weight, and treadmill test time were the significant predictors, which were used in the regression equation (R2 = 0.586, SEE = 3.54 ml-kg-'.min'). An equation was developed from the lone predictor, treadmill test time with R2 = .37 and SEE = 4.1 ml•kg'•min'. The equation is as follows: VOA = 4.932 + 1.934 (test time (min)). Of the tests conducted on the Modified BSU ramp protocol, 82% were within an "ideal" test time window of 812 minutes, and 97% were within an "acceptable" test time window of 6-15 minutes. In conclusion, VOA can be estimated with acceptable accuracy (i.e. SEE - ± I MET) from the Modified BSU Ramp protocol, and for clinical purposes it is a suitable protocol to use when testing low fit individuals.School of Physical Education
3
Carter, Steven Michael. "Implementation and analysis of the IP measurement protocol (IPMP)." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2001. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11152001-090121.
4
McCarthy, Meghan K. "FACTORS AFFECTING AERODYNAMIC MEASUREMENT IN PEDIATRIC AIRWAY PATHOLOGIES." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1177036003.
5
Tumkur, Anand AswathaNarayana, and Avijit Dutta. "PROTOCOL PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT METHODOLOGY - EXPERIMENTATION WITH SIGNALING SYSTEM NO 7." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-6226.
Анотація:
Performance is the driving force for the effective network utilization in the current telecommunication world. The thesis aims to define suitable performance measurement methodologies for communication over stack based Signalling System No 7 (SS7). This thesis also throws a quick glance on open source SS7 and Ericsson proprietary SS7 protocols, to devise performance measurement approach that can be adopted to develop sophisticated tools. We adopt a scientific experimental approach for numerical measurement of throughput and latency of the protocol stack. Our current work finishes experimentation with open source SS7 protocol (SCTP) in Fedora based two identical servers. SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) is an important transport layer protocol for communication of SS7 message over an IP network. Message communication using SCTP protocol over an IP/Ethernet network between these two identical servers has been measured and analyzed using the IPerf tool. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) being another important transport layer protocol of TCP/IP stack, the performance of TCP is compared with SCTP. The results prove that under normal circumstances TCP gains over SCTP and our analysis support that under multi homing support, SCTP should gain over TCP when throughput is measured
6
Nichols, James G. "Measurement of Windows streaming media." Link to electronic thesis, 2004. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0422104-195255.
7
Al-Akhras, Mousa Tawfiq. "Quality of media traffic over lossy internet protocol networks : measurement and improvement." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/5004.
Анотація:
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is an active area of research in the world of communication. The high revenue made by the telecommunication companies is a motivation to develop solutions that transmit voice over other media rather than the traditional, circuit switching network. However, while IP networks can carry data traffic very well due to their besteffort nature, they are not designed to carry real-time applications such as voice. As such several degradations can happen to the speech signal before it reaches its destination. Therefore, it is important for legal, commercial, and technical reasons to measure the quality of VoIP applications accurately and non-intrusively. Several methods were proposed to measure the speech quality: some of these methods are subjective, others are intrusive-based while others are non-intrusive. One of the non-intrusive methods for measuring the speech quality is the E-model standardised by the International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardisation Sector (ITU-T). Although the E-model is a non-intrusive method for measuring the speech quality, but it depends on the time-consuming, expensive and hard to conduct subjective tests to calibrate its parameters, consequently it is applicable to a limited number of conditions and speech coders. Also, it is less accurate than the intrusive methods such as Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) because it does not consider the contents of the received signal. In this thesis an approach to extend the E-model based on PESQ is proposed. Using this method the E-model can be extended to new network conditions and applied to new speech coders without the need for the subjective tests. The modified E-model calibrated using PESQ is compared with the E-model calibrated using i ii subjective tests to prove its effectiveness. During the above extension the relation between quality estimation using the E-model and PESQ is investigated and a correction formula is proposed to correct the deviation in speech quality estimation. Another extension to the E-model to improve its accuracy in comparison with the PESQ looks into the content of the degraded signal and classifies packet loss into either Voiced or Unvoiced based on the received surrounding packets. The accuracy of the proposed method is evaluated by comparing the estimation of the new method that takes packet class into consideration with the measurement provided by PESQ as a more accurate, intrusive method for measuring the speech quality. The above two extensions for quality estimation of the E-model are combined to offer a method for estimating the quality of VoIP applications accurately, nonintrusively without the need for the time-consuming, expensive, and hard to conduct subjective tests. Finally, the applicability of the E-model or the modified E-model in measuring the quality of services in Service Oriented Computing (SOC) is illustrated.
8
Ganzeveld, Paula. "Combining quality and curriculum-based measurement : a suggested assessment protocol in writing." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1968.
Анотація:
Curriculum-Based Measures in writing (CBM-W) assesses a variety of fluency-based components of writing. While support exists for the use of CBM measures in the area of writing, there is a need to conduct further validation studies to investigate the utility of these measures within elementary and secondary classrooms. Since only countable indices are used in CBM-W, this study explored the possibility of using an assessment that measured writing quality in conjunction with the CBM metric. To accomplish this, three pieces of data were used in this study. The CBM metrics of total words written, words spelled correctly, correct word sequences, percentage of words spelled correctly, and percentage of correct word sequences were scored from a timed writing passage that second grade students completed. Scores from the district writing assessment that classroom teachers rated using an analytic rubric that focused on quality were also analyzed. Last, a validated writing assessment, the TOWL-3, was used as the criterion measure. Using correlation and regression methods, results indicated that correct word sequences was the best predictor performance on the TOWL-3. Even though the teacher writing assessment correlated with the TOWL-3 at the significant level, adding it to the scores from the CBM-W measures did not significantly increase the validity.
9
Ray, Tim. "Using the CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP) on the Global Precipitation Measurement mission." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605342.
Анотація:
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 18-21, 2004 / Town & Country Resort, San Diego, CaliforniaThe Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) developed the CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP) to provide reliable delivery of files across space links. Space links are typically intermittent, requiring flexibility on the part of CFDP. Some aspects of that flexibility will be highlighted in this paper, which discusses the planned use of CFDP on the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. The operational scenario for GPM involves reliable downlink of science data files at a high datarate (approximately 4 megabits per second) over a space link that is not only intermittent, but also one-way most of the time. This paper will describe how that scenario is easily handled by CFDP, despite the fact that reliable delivery requires a feedback loop.
10
Sargent, Matthew. "On Understanding the Internet Via Edge Measurement." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1432290894.
11
Nichols, III James G. "Measurement of Windows Streaming Media." Digital WPI, 2004. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/237.
Анотація:
The growth of high speed Internet connections has fueled an increase in the demand for high quality streaming video. In order to satisfy timing constraints, streaming video typically uses UDP as the default network transport protocol. Unfortunately, UDP does not have any end-to-end congestion control mechanisms, and so in the absence of higher layer congestion control can lead to unfairness and possibly congestion collapse. While there has been research done in video measurement and characterization using custom tools, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no measurement studies where the researchers had control over a commercial streaming media server and client, and control of the network conditions and content. A goal of this research is to characterize the bitrate response of Windows Streaming Media in response to network-level metrics such as capacity, loss rate, and round-trip time. We build a streaming media test bed that allows us to systematically vary network and content encoding characteristics. We analyze responsiveness by comparing streaming media flows to TCP-friendly flows under various streaming configurations and network conditions. We find Windows Streaming Media has a prominent buffering phase in which it sends data at a bitrate significantly higher than the steady-state rate. Overall, Windows Streaming Media is responsive to available capacity, but is often unfair to TCP. Knowledge of streaming media's response to congestion encountered in the network is important in building networks that better accommodate their turbulence. The additional characteristics we measure can be combined to guide emulation or simulation configurations and network traffic generators for use in further research.
12
Mazur, David Christopher. "Synchronized Rotor Angle Measurement of Synchronous Machines." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31813.
Анотація:
A key input parameter to governor feedback control and stability protection of generators is the angle of the induced voltage internal to the generator. Current practice is to estimate this value using measurements from the terminals of the generator and mathematical models. This project aims to develop a system that would directly measure the internal angle of the generator using a rotary encoder on the shaft of the machine. This document describes the theory and experimental setup of this proposed system and outlines the test procedure of experimentation.Master of Science
13
Miller, Alan Henry David. "Best effort measurement based congestion control." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 2001. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1015/.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Glasgow, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (p.i-xv). Print version also available. Mode of access : World Wide Web. System requirments : Adobe Acrobat reader reuired to view PDF document.
14
Bowers, Victoria A. "Concurrent versus retrospective verbal protocol for comparing window usability." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09162005-115003/.
15
Barford, Paul R. "Modeling, measurement and performance of World Wide Web transactions." Thesis, Boston University, 2001. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/36753.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
The size, diversity and continued growth of the World Wide Web combine to make its understanding difficult even at the most basic levels. The focus of our work is in developing novel methods for measuring and analyzing the Web which lead to a deeper understanding of its performance. We describe a methodology and a distributed infrastructure for taking measurements in both the network and end-hosts. The first unique characteristic of the infrastructure is our ability to generate requests at our Web server which closely imitate actual users. This ability is based on detailed analysis of Web client behavior and the creation of the Scalable URL Request Generator (SURGE) tool. SURGE provides us with the flexibility to test different aspects of Web performance. We demonstrate this flexibility in an evaluation of the 1.0 and 1.1 versions of the Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. The second unique aspect of our approach is that we analyze the details of Web transactions by applying critical path analysis (CPA). CPA enables us to precisely decompose latency in Web transactions into propagation delay, network variation, server delay, client delay and packet loss delays. We present analysis of pe1formance data collected in our infrastructure. Our results show that our methods can expose surprising behavior in Web servers, and can yield considerable insight into the causes of delay variability in Web transactions.
2031-01-01
16
Womack, Sue Ann. "Measuring Mathematics Instruction in Elementary Classrooms: Comprehensive Mathematics Instruction (CMI) Observation Protocol Development and Validation." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2905.
Анотація:
Measuring Mathematics Instruction in Elementary Classrooms:Comprehensive Mathematics Instruction (CMI) Observation Protocol Development and Validation Sue A. Womack Department of Educational Leadership and Foundations Doctor of Philosophy despite the availability of reform standards in mathematics since 1989 (National Council of Teachers of Mathematics), teachers have not yet aligned instruction with reform ideals on a widespread basis. (Cohen & Hill, 2000; Hiebert, et al., 2005; Spillane & Zeuli, 1999; J. W. Stigler & Hiebert, 1999). Consequently, mathematics education in elementary schools has not produced students with strong mathematical understanding (Hiebert & Grouws, 2007).
17
Larsen, Timothy Scott. "Studying the Performance of Wireless Mesh Networks Using the HxH Transport Control Protocol." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2010. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3375.pdf.
18
Cowell, Lynda L. (Lynda Lea). "Development and Validation of a Ramping Treadmill Protocol for the On-Line Measurement of Four Aerobic Parameters." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500392/.
Анотація:
Previously, Whipp et. al. (J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exerc. Physiol. 50(1):217-221, 1981) demonstrated the feasibility of determining four parameters of aerobic function, identified as maximum oxygen uptake (μVO_2), VO_2 at anaerobic threshold (θan), the time constant for oxygen uptake kinetics (rVO_2) and work efficiency (η), using a short duration ramped bicycle ergometer exercise test. Because of the importance of being able to measure these parameters on a variety of measurement instruments a short duration ramping treadmill protocol has been developed. The ability of this protocol to determine the four aerobic parameters has been validated against conventional methods. The results of this investigation indicate that μVO_2, θan, rVO_2 and, η may be obtained from a single, short-duration ramping treadmill test.
19
Fischer, Karin Christine. "The influence of submaximal blood lactate measures on VOb2smax estimates using a submaximal branching protocol." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1014857.
Анотація:
The purpose of this study was to examine if measurements of submaximal blood lactate may improve the prediction of VO2max from submaximal exercise tests. Subjects (39 men & 21 women, age 20-44 yrs) completed a branching protocol on a cycle ergometer which consisted of 3 submaximal stages of 4 minutes each followed by a maximal effort. During the last minute of each stage heart rate (HR) was recorded from telemetry and a capillary blood sample was obtained from a finger puncture. Maximal power output was estimated from the extrapolation of the 3 submaximal HRs to age predicted HRmax and blood lactate concentration was measured using a Yellow Springs analyzer (Yellow Springs, OH). Data were analyzed using multiple regression procedures. Estimated maximal power output (238 ± 56 W) was significantly related to measured VOzmaX (p < 0.001, r2= .523). Mean values for ACSM estimated, ACSM-revised and measured VOz.X were not significantly different (3.170 vs. 3.140 vs. 3.260 L/min respectively), however the SEE % for the ACSM and ACSM revised estimated VOz,. were 13.4% and 12.1%, respectively. When the change in power output relative to the change in blood lactate concentrations (po/BL) from stage 1 to stage 2 and the estimated maximal power output from 3 submaximal heart rates were added as independent variables to the regression model with measured VO2,t as the dependent variable, po/BL was significantly correlated with VO X , accounting for 7.6% of the variance in VOz... In conclusion, only the relative change in power output to the relative change in blood lactate measure from stage 1 to _2 were significant in improving the estimation of VO2 during submaximal exercise tests using a branching protocol. Other blood lactate measures did not improve the estimation of VOA,. in this study.School of Physical Education
20
Palacín, Mateo Manuel. "The Internet ecosystem: a traffic measurement analysis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/326736.
Анотація:
The analysis of the interconnection status-quo between content providers and Internet Service Providers (ISPs) is essential to understand the evolution of the Internet ecosystem. In the last years we have witnessed a spectacular increase of Internet traffic, especially multimedia content, which has driven both content providers and operators to rethink their interconnection models. This thesis performs an extensive traffic analysis from two perspectives to understand the rationale behind the Internet players. First, we analyse the traffic from the perspective of the evolution of the Internet protocols. Analyzing the protocols we pretend to observe whether the traffic pattern has changed while new applications have emerged and the demand have exploded. Second, we collect a dataset of Internet traces to evaluate the connectivity between access ISPs and the most popular content providers. Analyzing the Internet traces we want to identify the correlations in the interconnection models that different Internet players use.El análisis de las interconexiones entre proveedores de contenidos y operadores de Internet es esencial para entender la evolución del ecosistema de Internet. En los últimos años hemos sido testigos de un espectacular crecimiento del tráfico multimedia que ha llevado tanto a los proveedores de contenidos como a los operadores a replantearse sus modelos de interconexión. En esta tesis se realiza un análisis del tráfico de Internet des de dos perspectivas. Primero, se analiza el tráfico desde una perspectiva de los protocolos. Gracias al análisis de los protocolos se observa cómo ha cambiado el tráfico debido a la irrupción de nuevas aplicaciones y al incremento de la demanda de Internet. Segundo, se han realizado medidas que nos permite evaluar la conectividad entre diferentes operadores y proveedores de contenidos. El análisis de estos datos nos permite identificar correlaciones entre los diferentes modelos de interconexión que utilizan los operadores.
21
Hrastar, Scott E. "An available bit-rate service class for multicast IP transport over satellite using online measurement and wavelet-based predictive bandwidth allocation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14837.
22
Dinh, Quang Hung. "Development of a Rapid and Easy Measurement Protocol for Perfluorinated Carboxylic Acids (PFCAs) by a Continuous Flow Analysis." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/204596.
23
Uchimiya, Ronald. "Systems Engineering Analysis for Optimum Selection Protocol for Thermal Expansion Measurement of a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Tube." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2018. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/322.
Анотація:
A material’s Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) is a valuable physical property, particularly for structural fiber reinforced composites that are routinely used in satellite/aerospace applications. Satellite space structures are routinely designed with a high degree of dimensional and thermal stability. Designing and verifying for near zero CTE performance is a common design requirement. The CTE is routinely a physical property with known values for common materials. However, the strength, stiffness and CTE properties on a multi-ply graphite fiber reinforced laminate composite can be tailored to specific engineering requirements. Because of this, a method of verification (testing) is routinely performed to ensure these requirements are met.
24
Taťák, Martin. "Monitorovací a kontrolní systém pro domácnost." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-242160.
Анотація:
This thesis discusses the topic of internet of things and its protocols and compatible devices in the field of home automation. Also defines the requirements for the system which designs in the form of concept and afterward makes practical realization.
25
Mohammad, Hassan [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Liggesmeyer. "Verification & Performance Measurement for Transport Protocol Parallel Routing of an AUTOSAR Gateway System / Hassan Mohammad. Betreuer: Peter Liggesmeyer." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1105472183/34.
26
Zareba, Grzegorz. "RS-485 BASED MEASUREMENT SYSTEM WITH SCPI COMMAND SET CONTROLLED BY HP-VEE APPLICATION." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607572.
Анотація:
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThis article presents a measurement system based on the RS-485 interface. The presented system is an alternative solution for distributed measurement systems, which cannot be built using IEEE-488 interface due to distance limitation between elements of the system. The RS-485 interface is a base for communication between measurement instruments and uses a Master-Slave protocol to exchange data between them. One dedicated master device, usually a PC, controls all slave devices connected to the interface. To control measurement devices SCPI language is used. This solution simplifies communication between measurement devices and allows utilizing the HP-VEE environment to control any SCPI devices connected to the RS-485 network.
27
Arleklint, Tomas. "Memory Measurement and Message Usage Improvement on an Elevator Embedded System." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-261163.
Анотація:
All embedded systems are unique, a design that is suitable for one system can rarely be copied over to another. This inherently makes designing embedded systems difficult. The difficulty is only amplified by the uncertainty of the future requirements as it is developed over time. Being able to continuously validate the performance and the reliability is of great importance to be able to ensure fault proof execution.This thesis explores two areas. A method of tracking the static and dynamic memory usage of a system is crucial to ensure correct functionality under all conditions, and that the implemented hardware will suffice. Multiple possible tools, each functioning uniquely, were developed and tested to find the most suitable for measuring the memory usage of the elevator system. Additionally the message usage, i.e. the way the different units within the studied system communicate with each other, was scrutinized for possible performance and reliability enhancements. A study was made for the most optimal communication protocol, and for how the transmissions could be improved upon.The results show that for this specific system, the best way of calculating the memory usage is with a tool developed within this project. Using this tool it was found that none of the modules in the elevator system use more than 30 % of the available memory during execution. The message usage study shows the most optimal protocol is CAN with the ISO 15765-2 upperlevel protocol, which is the one currently in use. However, improvements to the message transmissions are suggested, such as taking full advantage of the CAN protocol and by implementing message buffers on the receiving end.An important conclusion is that just as there is no unique system design that fits all, there is no memory measurement tool or message usage implementation that fits all systems. Each system has to be analyzed to find the most optimal solution for that particular system.Alla inbyggda system är unika, en design som passar ett system kan sällan kopieras över till ett annat. Detta leder till att det är svårt att designa inbyggda system. Osäkerheten över framtida systemkrav då systemet utvecklas över tid gör inte designproblemet lättare. Att kontinuerligt kunna validera prestandan och pålitligheten är viktigt för att kunna garantera felfri körning.Detta examensarbete utforskar två områden. En metod för att mäta den statiska och dynamiska minnesanvändningen av systemet är nödvändig för att kunna säkerställa att systemet alltid fungerar som det ska, och att den tillgängliga hårdvaran är tillräcklig. Flera olika verktyg utvecklades och testades för att hitta det som bäst mäter hissens minnesanvändning. Utöver det granskades meddelandeanvändningen, hur de olika enheterna inom det studerade systemet kommunicerar med varandra, för potentiella förbättringar av prestandan och pålitligheten. En studie utfördes för att hitta det mest optimala kommunikationsprotokollet, och för hur av överföringarna kunde förbättras.Resultatet visar att för det här specifika systemet är bästa sättet att räkna ut minnesanvändningen med ett verktyg utvecklat under projektet. Med hjälp av det här verktyget visas att ingen av modulerna i hissystemet använde mer än 30% av det tillgängliga minnet under körning. Studien över minnesanvändningen påvisar att det mest optimala protokollet var CAN och ISO 15765-2 för det övre lagret, vilket är det som används för nuvarande. Dock föreslås förbättringar till hur meddelandena överförs, till exempel genom att utnyttja CAN protokollet till fullo och genom att implementera meddelandebufferts på mottagarsidan.En betydelsefull slutsats som drogs var att på samma sätt som det inte finns en unik systemdesign som passar alla system, finns det inte heller ett minnesanvändningsverktyg eller en meddelandeanvändning som passar alla system. Varje enskilt system måste analyseras för att hitta den mest optimala lösningen för det specifika systemet.
28
Pešl, Jiří. "Implementace rozhraní IO-Link do snímačů tlaku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220337.
Анотація:
This thesis is concerned with the measurement of physical quantities. Thesis describes sensors in general terms and requirements, which delivers latest trends in the field of automation. The main theme of this thesis is sensors for meassuring pressure, and their connection to the automation chain. In the next part thesis describes the design of the converter for connecting SMART sensors for pressure measuring, that use HART communication protocol, to the automation systems managed by a communication protocol IO-link. First will be described in detail various communication standards by their ISO OSI model, and on this theoretical basis will be based design of converter between communication protocol HART and communication protocol IO-Link. The last part will be Designed software for this converter.
29
Wong, James C. "Use of the general transit feed specification (GTFS) in transit performance measurement." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50341.
Анотація:
Until recently, transit data lacked a common data format that could be used to share and integrate information among multiple agencies. In 2005, however, Google worked with Tri-Met in Oregon to create the General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS), an open data format now used by all transit agencies that participate in Google Maps. GTFS feeds contain data for scheduled transit service including stop and route locations, schedules and fare information. The broad adoption of GTFS by transit agencies has made it a de facto standard. Those agencies using it are able to participate in a host of traveler services designed for GTFS, most notably transit trip planners. Still, analysts have not widely used GTFS as a data source for transit planning because of the newness of the technology. The objectives of this project are to demonstrate that GTFS feeds are an efficient data source for calculating key transit service metrics and to evaluate the validity of GTFS feeds as a data source. To demonstrate GTFS feeds’ analytic potential, the author created a tool called GTFS Reader, which imports GTFS feeds into a database using open-source products. GTFS Reader also includes a series of queries that calculate metrics like headways, route lengths and stop-spacing. To evaluate the validity of GTFS feeds, annual vehicle revenue miles and hours from the National Transit Database (NTD) are compared to the calculated values from agencies whose GTFS feeds are available. The key finding of this work is that well-formed GTFS feeds are an accurate representation of transit networks and that the method of aggregation presented in this research can be used to effectively and efficiently calculate metrics for transit agencies. The daily aggregation method is more accurate than the weekly aggregation method, both introduced in this thesis, but practical limitations on processing time favor the weekly method. The reliability of GTFS feed data for smaller agencies is less conclusive than that of larger agencies because of discrepancies found in smaller agencies when their GTFS-generated metrics were compared to those in the NTD. This research will be of particular interest to transit and policy analysts, researchers and transit planners.
30
Sheffield, Carrie A. "The validity of a one-stage submaximal treadmill protocol to estimate maximal oxygen uptake in overweight males and females." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1231341.
Анотація:
The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the Ebbeling one-stage submaximal treadmill protocol to estimate maximal oxygen uptake in overweight males and females. Forty-five male and females (36.5±10.9 years; 170.2±9.9 cm; 77.9±9.0 kg) were categorized into overweight groups using a BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m2. The subjects performed a submaximal protocol that consisted of one 4-minute stage with individualized speeds of 2.0-4.5 mph at 5% grade and subsequently performed a maximal exercise test. There were significant relationships between observed and estimated VO2max for males (r=.796), females (r=.426), and gender combined (r=.844). There was an underestimation in the estimation of VO2max in the present study when comparing males (10%), females (26%) and gender combined (17%) subjects. The results indicated that a body mass index between the values of 25-29.9 kg/m2 did create a difference in estimating VO2max in the present study when comparing that to Ebbeling et al. (1991).Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306School of Physical Education
31
Young, Kieran. "The development and evaluation of a testing protocol to assess upper body pressing strength qualities in high performance athletes." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2013. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/554.
Анотація:
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of an isometric force assessment (isometric bench press) across 4 standardised angles and an isoinertial force and velocity assessment (ballistic bench throw) utilising a relative load based on a percentage of one repetition maximum (1RM) in the bench press; and to evaluate whether the use of the dynamic strength deficit (DSD) ratio can guide training and detect changes induced by training over a 5 week period.
METHODS: Twenty four elite male athletes (age = 19.9 ± 2.7yrs; mass = 79.1 ± 13.0kg) performed the isometric bench press and a 45% 1RM ballistic bench throw on 2 separate days with 48 hours between testing occasions. Peak force, peak power, peak velocity, peak displacement and peak rate of force development were assessed using a force plate and linear position transducer. Reliability was assessed by Intra- Class Correlation (ICC), Percent Coefficient of Variation (%CV) and Typical Error (TE). The athletes’ DSD ratios were then calculated using the peak force values obtained during the BBT and IBP (DSD = IBP peak force/BBT peak force). Athletes were then placed in to 2 groups as matched-pairs based on their DSD ratio and their strength in the 1RM bench press. The Bench Press (BP) Group performed high intensity bench press while the Ballistic Bench Throw Group performed moderate intensity ballistic bench throws. Both groups trained twice a week for 5 weeks.
RESULTS: All performance measures except for peak rate of force development were considered reliable (ICC = 0.85-0.97, %CV = 1.2-3.3). The DSD ratio was sensitive to the disparate training methods between groups, with the BP Group increasing their IBP peak force (p = 0.035), the BBT Group increasing their bench throw performance (p ≤ 0.001), and as a result, yielding a significant change (p ≤ 0.001) in the DSD for both groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Performance measures such as peak force in the isometric bench press and ballistic bench throw are reliable when assessing upper body pressing strength qualities in elite male athletes. Further, the DSD can be used to detect qualities of relative deficiency and guide specific training interventions based on test results.
32
Hess, Melinda Rae. "Effect sizes, signficance tests, and confidence intervals [electronic resource] : assessing the influence and impact of research reporting protocol and practice / by Melinda Rae Hess." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000148.
33
Bigelow, Kimberly Edginton. "Identification of Key Traditional and Fractal Postural Sway Parameters to Develop a Clinical Protocol for Fall Risk Assessment in Older Adults." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1227561171.
34
Chen, Yang. "Characterizing and mitigating communication challenges in wireless and mobile networks." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50254.
Анотація:
Wireless and Mobile (WAM) networks have been evolving and extending their reach to more aspects of human activity for years. As such, networks
have been deployed in wider and broader physical range and circumstances, so that end-to-end contemporaneous connectivity is no longer guaranteed. To address this connectivity challenge, recent research work on Disruption Tolerant Network (DTN) paradigm uses intermediate nodes to store data while waiting for transfer opportunities towards the destination. However, this work differs from conventional research work in WAM, e.g., Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) routing, since the connectivity assumptions are so different.
In this thesis, we present the WAM Continuum framework which aims to provide a unified treatment of wireless and mobile networks. The framework is based on the construction of a WAM continuum that defines the space of networks and a corresponding formalism by which one can group related WAMs into classes that map into design and operational regimes. We show a specific instantiation of this framework that classifies networks according to their path properties and apply it to networks described by traces from both real platforms and synthesized mobility models. Effect of introducing controllable node mobility, e.g., message ferrying, is quantitatively evaluated in our study. We extend this framework in a manner that enables the classification of a WAM's energy "sufficiency" depending on a combination of the network connectivity properties, available energy, and power management scheme. As another extension under the same WAM continuum framework, this thesis studies the interaction of mobile computation collaboration and underlying network connectivity characteristics.
Classification results from our framework indicate that heterogeneous connectivity may exist in WAM networks. In such cases, protocols from different routing paradigms need to work together to provide effective data communication. We focus on integration of MANET routing and message ferrying in clustered DTNs. A hybrid routing approach is developed in which both MANET routing and message ferrying are used to explore available connectivity in clusters via gateway nodes. Different data aggregation as well as transmission scheduling algorithms are proposed. To achieve better performance, we also study the ferry route design problem in the clustered DTNs and develop three route design algorithms.
This thesis work also includes our experience to address challenges associated with new data communication requirements in oil field operations at remote areas. Backed up by a comprehensive measurement study of long range data links provided by satellite and cellular services, we develop a WAM network where multiple data links are jointly used to achieve an effective data communication solution in the challenged environment.
35
Fernandez, Outon Luis Eugenio. "Measurement protocols for exchange biased systems." Thesis, University of York, 2006. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14077/.
Анотація:
A study of exchange biased systems has been made focused on the development of measurement protocols that yield measurement reproducibility. The materials studied were IrMn(tAF)/CoFe(10nm) thin films, with tAF being 3nm and 5nm. These materials were selected due to their industrial applications. The thicknesses were chosen as they were the most appropriate for the purpose of this study. Vibrating sample magnetometry has been used to investigate thermal activation properties in the set of samples. The measurement protocols developed allowed measurement reproducibility. They lead to a better understanding of the exchange biased phenomenon. It was found that the changes occurring in the exchange biased systemsd uring measuremenat re due to thermal activation in the antiferromagneticl ayer which reduced the degree of order within the antiferromagnet. It was observed that the peak in the coercivity with the temperature of thermal activation does not correlate with the median blocking temperature. A study of training effects and their behaviour with temperature has led to the identification of three different contributions to exchange bias which are spin freezing, spin reorientation, and thermal activation. Each of these effects contribute to the shift of the hysteresis loop and the coercivity of exchange biased systems through different mechanisms. The results obtained are consistentw ith a grain size dependenceo f the exchangeb ias phenomenon, and are in accordance with grain models of exchange bias. Also, the measurement protocols obtained have been used by other researchers in FeMn/NiFe exchange coupled bilayers. The results obtained were in accordance with the conclusions of this thesis.
36
Rimberia, Arthur Kirimi. "Evaluation of truck shipment transit hazards in Kenya and the effect of their simulations on the physical quality of bulk-packed black tea as a basis for establishment of a pre-shipment testing protocol for packaged goods to optimize packaging designs." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13424.
Анотація:
Focused transit hazard evaluations of distribution environments have become increasingly important in the recent past. This is due to the realization by businesses such as those in China (Baird et.al.,2004) that pack design optimization can result in reduction of packaging and other related costs, ensuring safe delivery of products as well as enabling companies to comply with global statutory obligations that demand packaging waste reduction via optimal packaging of goods. This work involved focused evaluation of the distribution hazards in truck transport within the bulk packed tea supply chain in Kenya as a basis for establishment of a pre-shipment protocol for packaged goods in order to optimize package designs and protect the physical quality of tea in transit. The parameters addressed included vibrations, shock, and environmental conditions of temperature and relative humidity. The research further examined how above transit conditions may affect important black tea physical quality parameters of density, particle size distribution, colour, and particle morphology. The work also formulated a new a pre-shipment testing protocol for tea (and other goods) moved within this supply channel thus allowing businesses to optimize their packaging designs. Furthermore, such pre-shipment protocols would help in predicting possible failure in transit. The Lasmont’s Saver model 3x90 transit data measuring unit mounted on the truck bed was used to collect transit data while a programmable electrodynamics vibration table was used to simulate the measured transit conditions. Using the specially fabricated rig apparatus for the experiment, analysis of changes of the tea physical properties of particle size distribution, bulk, tapped and compact densities as well as particle morphology and colour were investigated. The results showed that truck transport transit conditions experienced in the Kenyan roads with a composite spectrum of 1.358 (Grms) for the routes measured are more severe than the test standards set by both American Standard Testing Methods (ASTM) and International Safe Transit Association (ISTA) for truck transport conditions of 0.242 and 0,519 (Grms) respectively. This shows Kenyan roads compared to those where both ASTM and ISTA data was derived from are poorer and further confirms that both ASTM and ISTA standard tests may not be appropriate for use in designing optimal packaging for the Kenyan distribution environment. In addition, vibration intensities experienced were relatively higher than average recorded from other similar studies carried out in other parts of the world such as Brazil (0.628 Grms), USA(maximum 0.89 Grms), Spain (0.194Grms) and Indian highways (0.161 Grms). The work revealed how poor Kenyan roads are and that they would lead to damage of delicate physical qualities of tea including particle size distribution for each grade of tea, particle morphology and density unless the right packaging is used. This therefore underpins the importance of carrying out focused pre-shipment testing for a given distribution environment as general test procedures will not allow optimization of packaging designs. Due to the prevailing poor road conditions in Kenya as shown earlier by relatively high vibration and shock impacts, results showed that these hazards together with load compression affected the tea particle integrity in transit leading to breakage of larger tea particles to give rise to smaller particles unless adequate protective distribution packaging has been given due consideration. Equally, particle density as well as the particle surface morphology was affected resulting in undesirable impact on tea physical quality. Consistency in density of tea is an important aspect for the blenders of bulk tea since packing machines often operate within defined density limits. Compressive forces within the pallet load led to the crushing of larger tea particles into smaller ones, thus undermining the desirable black colour tea leaving it greyish which is considered in the tea trade as poor tea quality. In addition, the results confirmed that the effect of compression load on the physical tea quality was more severe than the vibration/shock impact alone. Moreover, the change in physical quality was related to the transit time (vibration period) up to maximum equilibrium level. Density of tea increased with compression load up to a maximum of 350g. The same, however, declined at 400g static load due to resonance conditions of the simulation assembly. Tea morphology measurements indicated that the initial rounded shape of the tea particles gradually changed to an elongated shape with rugged surface. This had an effect of not only damaging the desired black colour but also altered the flow properties of the tea which is an important aspect for bulk tea buyers during their subsequent handling activities of blending and packaging. A new relationship called compact density and compact ratio was established that related elevated tea density in transit due to ‘jamming’ of tea particles upon application of static load pressure on the tea at the lower levels of the pallet load. In addition, a correlation of density against tea powder “stain” travel within the test container containing tea particles, further confirmed that force impulses from the static load on top of tea particles was being transmitted perpendicular down to the bottom of the pallet load. The correlation of both the distance moved by the static load inside the tea container and tea powder “stain” column height on the test tube below the static load with the compact density of tea, brought out further empirical data that could be used by researchers to accurately predict the tea density from both the above parameters. The research further revealed that compressive forces on the tea particles at lower levels of the pallet load had more impact on the damage of tea particles compared to vibration/shock impacts. Finally, there is need for the existing packaging standards for bulk packed black tea to be revised in the light of the newly developed pre-shipment testing protocols from this research.
37
Rash, James, Keith Hogie, and Ralph Casasanta. "INTERNET TECHNOLOGY FOR FUTURE SPACE MISSIONS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606363.
Анотація:
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 21, 2002 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaOngoing work at National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA/GSFC), seeks to apply standard Internet applications and protocols to meet the technology challenge of future satellite missions. Internet protocols and technologies are under study as a future means to provide seamless dynamic communication among heterogeneous instruments, spacecraft, ground stations, constellations of spacecraft, and science investigators. The primary objective is to design and demonstrate in the laboratory the automated end-to-end transport of files in a simulated dynamic space environment using off-the-shelf, low-cost, commodity-level standard applications and protocols. The demonstrated functions and capabilities will become increasingly significant in the years to come as both earth and space science missions fly more sensors and the present labor-intensive, mission-specific techniques for processing and routing data become prohibitively. This paper describes how an IP-based communication architecture can support all existing operations concepts and how it will enable some new and complex communication and science concepts. The authors identify specific end-to-end data flows from the instruments to the control centers and scientists, and then describe how each data flow can be supported using standard Internet protocols and applications. The scenarios include normal data downlink and command uplink as well as recovery scenarios for both onboard and ground failures. The scenarios are based on an Earth orbiting spacecraft with downlink data rates from 300 Kbps to 4 Mbps. Included examples are based on designs currently being investigated for potential use by the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission.
38
Huang, Zixin. "Protocols for optical quantum metrology." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18067.
Анотація:
This thesis explores various protocols which can be applied to quantum metrology, such that precision of the measurement can beat the best classical approaches. We first demonstrate that ancilla-assisted schemes can improve phase estimation in the presence of noise, and we propose an experiment to demonstrate these effects. Given that the use of ancillae helps, it is no surprise that there are noisy channels for which the optimal strategy may depend on the noise level. We show that there is a non-trivial crossover between the ancilla-assisted strategy and the parallel-entangled strategy for Pauli noise channels and the amplitude damping channel. We see that under certain circumstances, the environment cannot access the parameter of interest. We then integrated techniques from quantum communication, to derive a general framework that renders quantum metrology protocols into cryptographic ones. Here the protocol is unconditionally secure if the trusted parties wish only to achieve the standard quantum limit. If Heisenberg-limited precision is to be achieved, they sacrifice some security, where adversaries can access information, but only at the risk of getting caught at it (cheat-sensitivity). In many scenarios, the quantum Fisher information is achieved for only one value of the phase. In a particular phase estimation scheme that measures the parity at the output of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer where the input is a two-mode squeezed vacuum, this problem is particularly imminent. We apply an adaptive technique to resolve this issue, showing that one can achieve precisions substantially below the shot noise limit. The key to a quadratically enhanced improvement in quantum metrology is entanglement. Finally, we demonstrate in a photonic system how high-dimensional entanglement can be certified, and provide an alternate interpretation of entanglement from an information-theoretic perspective.
39
Cagni, J?nior El?i. "Software inteligente embarcado aplicado ? corre??o de erro na medi??o de vaz?o em g?s natural." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15164.
Анотація:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:55:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
EloiCJ.pdf: 4045636 bytes, checksum: e880bc5df766f908db7bff364ffa3574 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2007-02-15This study developed software rotines, in a system made basically from a processor board producer of signs and supervisory, wich main function was correcting the information measured by a turbine gas meter. This correction is based on the use of an intelligent algorithm formed by an artificial neural net. The rotines were implemented in the habitat of the supervisory as well as in the habitat of the DSP and have three main itens: processing, communication and supervision
Este trabalho desenvolveu rotinas de software, em um sistema composto basicamente de placa processadora de sinais (DSP) e supervis?rio, cuja finalidade principal foi corrigir a informa??o medida por um medidor de vaz?o do tipo turbina. Essa corre??o se baseia na utiliza??o de um algoritmo inteligente formado por uma rede neural artificial. As rotinas foram implementadas tanto no ambiente do supervis?rio quanto do DSP e tratam de tr?s ?tens principais: processamento, comunica??o e supervis?o
40
Smurzynski, Jacek, and Thomas Janssen. "Protocols of DPOAE Measurements Aimed at Reducing Test Time." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2210.
Анотація:
Routine clinical distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) tests use monaural sequential presentation of primary tones. To reduce testing time, multiple DPOAEs (mDPOAEs) can be measured by stimulating the ear with two tone pairs simultaneously. Moreover, both ears can be tested at the same time with a portable device, Sentiero (PATH medical GmbH), equipped with two sound probes. The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether mDPOAE measurements can be done in both ears simultaneously without mutual influence of primary tone pairs in the ipsilateral and the contralateral ear. Data were collected in 20 normal-hearing young adults. The DP-grams were obtained for seven f2- frequencies varying in the 1.5-8-kHz range with the level L2 set at 65 and 45 dB SPL, whereas the level L1 was adjusted according to the scissor paradigm. For each subject, a set of DP-gram data was collected using single- and multi-frequency presentations of the primaries for both monaural and binaural conditions. The mean DPOAE and noise levels collected with mDPOAE and binaural presentation conditions were highly reproducible when compared to those obtained with the single-frequency monaural paradigm. Thus, multi-frequency and binaural measurements could be applied to reduce DPOAE testing time considerably.
41
Kučera, Pavel. "Aplikace pro prezentaci a modifikaci dat v přenosných zařízeních." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236708.
Анотація:
This thesis is aimed to study the possibility of usage of mobile devices in the sphere of automation. One automation company needed to have in hand some PDA-based tool for a remote control of the technological process. There is analysis of ability of contemporary portable devices to run a application software. According to the specified requirements there is designed and implemented the client-server system based on the VNC technology. The server is a Linux-based PC server implemented using Xinetd daemon and the Xvnc. The two standard VNC clients were made. A free software available under the GPL license was modified to implement them. One runs on Windows Mobile operating system and the other one is a Java MIDlet.
42
Sánchez-Vélez, José E. "Performance measurement of TCP over packet switched GSM networks." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE1000159.
Анотація:
Thesis (M.E.)--University of Florida, 2002.Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 128 p.; also contains graphics. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.
43
Řezníček, Martin. "TYPOVÝ PROTOKOL SYNCHRONNÍHO STROJE." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220719.
Анотація:
The aim of this work is to theoretically evaluate the test (type and routine) of synchronous generators and then practically measure and evaluate in the resulting protocol type. The theoretical part contains an analysis of standards for individual tests and a description of the actual design in the test room of electrical machines. Part of this work is to show the cost of the tests with the analysis of the incremental costs and measurement uncertainty.
44
Perucca, David. "Divided Timed and Continuous Timed Assessment Protocols and Academic Performance." Thesis, Walden University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3566589.
Анотація:
Children from a low socioeconomic status (SES) are exposed to numerous stress factors that are negatively associated with sustained attention and academic performance. This association suggests that the timed component of lengthy assessments may be unfair for students from such backgrounds, as they may have an inability to sustain attention during lengthy tests. Research has also found academic disparities between gender. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to investigate the relationship between continuous and divided timed tests in terms of student test scores, with additional assessments incorporating gender. Two charter schools from a suburban Idaho school district were the sources of the convenience sample. Fifth grade students were tested in groups of approximately 30. The research questions for the study concerned the relationship between continuous and divided assessment protocols and Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (TAKS) test scores for low- versus non-low-SES students and among gender. The hypothesis was that there would be a statistically significant difference in TAKS scores between continuous and divided assessments. An ANOVA was used to determine whether a statistical relationship existed between test scores and test protocol by gender. ANOVA results indicated no significant differences in math test scores between test protocols and among gender, suggesting that increased collaborative efforts between families and schools may mitigate factors associated with attentional and academic deficits among students from low-SES environments. The results of this study may be helpful for communities as they develop curricula that may close the academic gap among students of all SES backgrounds.
45
Gimelli, Gabriele. "Studio e valutazione sperimentale di tecniche di sincronizzazione per reti di sensori 6LoWPAN." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15434/.
Анотація:
I recenti progressi nella tecnologia applicata alla produzione dei system-on-a-chip hanno permesso lo sviluppo di piccoli dispositivi per il rilevamento a basso costo, a bassa potenza e multifunzione, che sono in grado di svolgere attività quali il rilevamento, l'elaborazione dati e la comunicazione.
Una rete di sensori wireless (WSN) è una rete distribuita che consiste, in generale, di un gran numero di nodi di sensori, densamente distribuiti su un'ampia area geografica per tracciare un determinato fenomeno fisico.
Le reti di sensori wireless sono oggigiorno utilizzate in un'ampia gamma di applicazioni come quelle mediche, industriali, militari, ambientali, scientifiche e in reti domestiche.
In tutte queste applicazioni, la sincronizzazione temporale è un componente molto importante di una rete di sensori wireless, come del resto in ogni sistema distribuito.
Questa tesi ha come scopo principale lo studio dei protocolli esistenti che consentono di risolvere il problema della sincronizzazione tra i nodi di una rete wireless, analizzando in particolare le tecniche TPSN e FTSP. Queste tecniche sono poi state implementate all'interno di una rete wireless di sensori 6LoWPAN già esistente, osservandone poi le performance tramite una serie di test effettuati tramite l'utilizzo della rete all'interno di un ambiente reale.
46
Ahn, Charlene Sonja Preskill John P. "Extending quantum error correction : new continuous measurement protocols and improved fault-tolerant overhead /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2004. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05192004-164713.
47
Cavalcante, Fraga Luis Henrique. "Caractérisation des sols pollués via des méthodes géophysiques : couplage entre le diagnostic conventionnel et les méthodes géophysiques pour estimer la distribution spatiale des polluants à l’aide du formalisme géostatistique." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS645.
Анотація:
La caractérisation spatiale de sources de pollution est un enjeu majeur pour la réhabilitation de sites pollués. Les analyses géochimiques d’échantillons sont coûteuses et onéreuses en temps et ne permet qu’une vision ponctuelle des sites. Ces travaux ont évalué la méthode de cartographie électromagnétique (EMI) pour imager les propriétés physiques indirectes du sous-sol afin de (1) définir des protocoles de mesures géophysiques adaptés (2) d’exploiter les mesures spatialisées (géophysiques et géochimiques) pour l'estimation des volumes de sols pollués aux hydrocarbures grâce au formalisme géostatistique. Les résultats sur le site de Poitiers, localisé en contexte péri-urbain, ont mis en évidence la sensibilité de la méthode EMI pour déterminer la géométrie d'une couche de remblais. La stratégie finale appliquée sur le site de Rouen, fortement pollué aux hydrocarbures et situé en milieu urbain, a été modifiée avec une cartographie EMI exhaustive, des panneaux électriques, une prospection au géoradar et des mesures sur échantillons. L’analyse statistique multivariable a indiqué une corrélation globale entre les teneurs en hydrocarbures et les conductivités électriques apparentes mesurées par la méthode EMI. L’hétérogénéité des remblais, les aménagements et un aquifère discontinu ont fortement perturbé les mesures EMI. Malgré la diminution de la variance de l’erreur d’estimation lorsque les données géophysiques ont été intégrées dans les modèles géostatistiques, les corrélations linéaires restent encore faibles et limitées par la représentativité des sites. Un protocole de mesures géophysiques a été conçu et a montré son potentiel pour la caractérisation de sites polluésThe spatial characterization of pollution sources is a key step for estimating the costs of the rehabilitation of contaminated sites. Geochemical sampling is costly and time-consuming and only allows punctual information about contamination levels. This PhD work evaluated the electromagnetic mapping method (EMI) for imaging the physical properties of the subsoil to (1) define geophysical measurement protocols and (2) exploit spatialized geophysical and geochemical data for a better estimation of hydrocarbon-polluted soil volumes through geostatistical formalism. The results at the Poitiers’ site, located in a peri-urban context with an unknown backfill coverage, highlighted the sensitivity of the EMI method for determining the geometry of the backfill layer. The new geophysical measurement strategy applied at the Rouen’s site, which is heavily polluted with hydrocarbons and located in an urban environment, has been modified with exhaustive EMI mapping, electrical resistivity and polarization tomography, ground penetrating radar and physical measurements at sample scale. The multivariate statistical analysis indicated an overall correlation between the hydrocarbon levels and the apparent electrical conductivities measured by the EMI method. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity of the urban fill, surface facilities and a discontinuous aquifer have severely disrupted EMI measurements. Despite the decrease in the variance of estimation error when geophysical data have been integrated into geostatistical models, linear correlations are still weak. A novel geophysical measurement protocol has been designed and demonstrated its potential for assessing contaminated sites
48
Ishak, Michel. "Lagringsmätning för AD-information." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-23319.
Анотація:
Målet med detta projekt var att hjälpa IT-Mästaren att kunna fakturera sina kunder på ett smidigare sätt. Deras dåvarande lösning av kundernas dataanvändning var tidskrävande och ineffektivt, därför ville de automatisera systemet. Det nya systemet skulle användas för att administrera kundernas servrar med hjälp av ett grafiskt gränssnitt och sedan kontakta dem för att få fram olika värden för respektive kund som ska presenteras på IT-Mästarens hemsida. På så sätt skulle de kunna fakturera sina kunder på ett mer effektivt sätt och även få bättre överblick av kundernas användning. I och med utvecklingen utav detta system så fördjupande jag mig dels i egna kända områden men jag lärde mig också nya kunskaper. Det gällde inte enbart teknisk utveckling utan också undersökning av exempelvis hämtningen av alla data som skulle göras. Jag använde utvalda metoder för att kunna utföra detta projekt på ett smidigt och bra sätt. Metoderna beskrivs i rapporten.The goal of this project was that the IT-Mästaren wanted to be able to bill their customers in a more comfortable way. Their solution of the customer’s server usage of that time was time consuming and inefficient, therefore they wanted to automate the system. The new system should manage their customer’s servers by using a graphical interface and then contact them to get different values for each customer to be presented at the IT-Mästaren's website. In this way they could bill their customers more efficiently and get a better understanding of their customers’ use. With the development of this system I immersed in my own known areas and I also learned new knowledge. It was not only about technical development but also investigationamong other thingslike retrieval of all the data that should be collected. I used selected methods in order to perform this project in a smooth and effective manner. The methods are described in the report.
49
Arslan, Bercis, and Blenda Fröjdh. "E-wallet - designed for usability." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationssystem, CoS, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-252790.
Анотація:
As the use of mobile payment applications (apps) and electronic wallets (e-wallets)increases, so does the demand for a improved user experience when interactingwith these apps. The field of Human-Computer interaction (HCI) focuses onthe design, evaluation, and implementation of interactive computing systems forhuman use. One aspect of HCI is usability, i.e., the quality of the interactions witha product or system. This thesis investigates how an e-wallet can be designed to provide a high level ofusability by conforming to best HCI practices and by formative evaluation using aset of usability evaluation methods.The research process consisted of an initial literature study and developmentof a prototype, which was evaluated iteratively through Thinking-aloud-protocol(TAP) and a combination of performance measurements and questionnaire by achosen test group. By each iteration, the results of the performance measurements, as well as theverbal data improved. The most complex or difficult task, for the test subjectsto perform, was, according to the results, Pay via manual input. All goals wereachieved for all tasks except for the performance goal of a percentage of errorsbelow 5%. To conclude, it was clear that the test subjects had more trouble understandingthe concept of the e-wallet rather than navigating and completing tasks. Thedifficulties lay in understanding how currencies were stored and how transactionshappened. When developing this e-wallet we noticed that the most importantissue was to make new functions and concepts familiar to the user through relatingit to recognizable ideas.I och med att användning av mobila betalningslösningar (appar) och elektroniskaplånböcker (e-plånböcker) ökar, ökar även efterfrågan på en förbättradanvändarupplevelse vid interaktion med dessa appar. Området människadatorinteraktion(MDI) fokuserar på design, utvärdering och implementeringav interaktiva datorsystem för mänsklig användning. En aspekt av MDI äranvändbarhet, dvs kvaliteten på interaktionerna med en produkt eller ett system.Detta kandidatexamensarbete undersöker hur en e-plånbok kan utformas föratt ge en hög användbarhet genom att anpassas till MDI praxis och formativutvärdering av designen med hjälp av en uppsättning utvärderingsmetoder föranvändbarhet. Forskningsprocessen bestod av en litteraturstudie och utveckling av en prototoyp,som utvärderades iterativt genom Thinking-aloud Protocol (TAP) samt enkombination av prestationsmätningar och frågeformulär av en vald testgrupp.Efter varje iteration förbättrades resultaten av prestationsmätningarna, såvälsom för den verbala datan. Den mest komplexa eller svåra uppgiften,för testpersonerna att utföra, var, enligt resultaten, Betalning via manuelinmatning. Alla mål uppnåddes för alla uppgifter förutom prestationsmålet fören procentandel av fel under 5%. Avslutningsvis var det tydligt att testpersonerna fann det svårare att förståkonceptet av e-plånboken än att navigera och slutföra uppgifterna. Svårigheternalåg i att förstå hur valutor lagrades och hur transaktioner gick till. När viutvecklade den här e-plånboken märkte vi att den viktigaste uppgiften var att göranya funktioner och koncept förståerliga för användaren genom att koppla dem tilligenkännliga idéer.
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Perala, Chuck H. "Active noise reduction headphone measurement: Comparison of physical and psychophysical protocols and effects of microphone placement." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27053.
Анотація:
Currently in the United States, Active Noise Reduction (ANR) headphones cannot be tested and labeled as hearing protection devices (HPDs) due to inherent limitations with the existing psychophysical headphone testing standard, real-ear attenuation at threshold (REAT). This research focused on the use of a standard, for physical, microphone-in-real-ear testing, (MIRE, ANSI S12.42-1995), to determine if MIRE may be appropriately used to measure the total attenuation (i.e., passive + active) of ANR headphones. The REAT â Method B, Subject-Fit protocol,â ANSI S12.6-1997(R2002), was also used to assess passive attenuation (and used for comparison with the MIRE data), as this is the current standard for passive Headphone attenuation testing.
The MIRE protocol currently does not specify a standardized location for measurement microphone placement. Prior research is mixed as to the potential benefits and shortcomings of placing the measurement microphone outside versus inside the ear canal. This study captured and compared acoustic spectral data at three different microphone locations: in concha, in ear canal-shallow depth, and in ear canal-deep depth (with a probe tube microphone positioned near the tympanic membrane), using human test participants and five ANR headphones of differing design.
Results indicate that the MIRE protocol may be used to supplant the REAT protocol for the measurement of passive attenuation, although differences were observed at the lowest-tested frequency of 125 Hz. Microphone placement analysis revealed no significant difference among the three locations specified, with a noted caveat for the probe tube microphone location at the highest tested frequency of 8000 Hz.
Overall findings may be useful to standards-making committees for evaluating a viable solution and standardized method for testing and labeling ANR headphones for use as hearing protection devices. Microphone placement results may assist the practitioner in determining where to place measurement microphones to best suit their particular needs when using MIRE.
Discussion includes an in-depth interpretation of the data, comparisons within and between each protocol, and recommendations for further avenues to explore based on the data presented.Ph. D.