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1
Al-Muqbel, Kusai M. "Bone Marrow Metastasis Is an Early Stage of Bone Metastasis in Breast Cancer Detected Clinically by F18-FDG-PET/CT Imaging." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9852632.
Анотація:
Objective. To determine the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in detection of bone marrow (BM) metastasis in breast cancer which is considered an early stage of bone metastasis. Patients and Methods. Retrospectively, breast cancer patients with bone metastasis were included. BM metastasis was considered if the lesion was PET positive/CT occult while bone metastasis was considered if the lesion was PET positive/ CT positive. BM metastases were observed sequentially on F18-FDG PET/CT. Results. We included 35 patients. Eighteen patients (51%) had BM metastases in addition to other bone metastases. BM metastases comprised 24% of all lesions. Posttreatment scan was performed on 26/35 patients. Twenty-three percent of BM metastases had resolved completely without causing bone destruction after treatment. Sixty-five percent of BM metastases had converted into bone metastases after treatment. Twelve percent of BM metastases had persisted after treatment. Conclusion. This retrospective study showed clinically by 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging that BM metastasis is an early stage of bone metastasis in breast cancer. Interestingly, 18F-FDG-PET/CT showed that early eradication of individual BM metastasis by systemic treatment precluded development of bone metastasis. However, more research is needed to study the impact of an early diagnosis of BM metastases on treatment outcome.
2
Fidler, Isaiah J. "Melanoma Metastasis." Cancer Control 2, no. 5 (September 1995): 398–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107327489500200503.
Анотація:
Cancer metastasis requires a series of sequential steps, each of which is rate limiting. Neoplasms are biologically heterogeneous, and the process of metastasis is highly selective. Multiple metastases often differ in biologic characteristics and can change during the course of the disease. Clonal analysis of human melanoma suggest that systemic, physiologic signals can be recognized by neoplastic cells. Brain metastases are particularly common in patients with metastatic melanoma. The blood brain barrier does not prevent the invasion of the brain parenchyma by circulating metastatic cells, and its permeability varies among different experimental brain metastases.
3
Ali, Kamran, Sukki Cho, Hyo Jun Jang, Kwhanmien Kim, and Sanghoon Jheon. "Predictive Factors of Thoracic Lymph Node Metastasis Accompanying Pulmonary Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer." Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon 67, no. 08 (May 29, 2018): 683–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642602.
Анотація:
Background The aim of this study was to identify the factors predicting thoracic lymph node (LN) metastases for pulmonary resection from colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods The records of 160 patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy for CRC were retrospectively reviewed. Clinicopathologic factors were analyzed with chi-square test or t-test and logistic regression to identify predictable factors for LN metastases. Results Sixty patients (37.5%) underwent LN dissection during pulmonary metastasectomy, and LN metastases were found in five patients. Twenty-three patients had LN recurrence among the 100 patients (62.5%) without LN dissection during the follow-up period. Twenty-eight patients out of 160 (17.5%) had LN metastases. By multivariate analysis, the number of pulmonary metastasis and metastasis from colon cancers were independent factors predicting LN metastases. Conclusion The number of pulmonary metastasis and metastasis from colon cancers were independent factors predicting LN metastases. LN sampling should be performed especially in cases with strong predictive factors to improve staging and help guide further treatment.
4
Pisani, P., G. Angeli, M. Krengli, and F. Pia. "Renal carcinoma metastasis to the parotid gland." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 104, no. 4 (April 1990): 352–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100112691.
Анотація:
AbstractMetastatic tumours in major salivary glands are uncommon with a higher incidence of primary sites from the head and neck. The lungs and breast are the common primary sites, while metastases from the kidney are very rarely found. The authors describe a case of renal clear-cell carcinoma with metastastis to the parotid gland. The incidence of a metastasis in the parotid gland from a primary renal carcinoma, even if rare, should not be overlooked in making a correct differential diagnosis with acinic cell carcinoma and monomorphic clear cell adenoma.
5
Qin, Lang, Xiangtian Yu, Chuang Xu, and Yangchen Liu. "Prognostic impact of metastatic patterns and treatment modalities on overall survival in lung squamous cell carcinoma: A population-based study." Medicine 102, no. 29 (July 21, 2023): e34251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000034251.
Анотація:
This study aimed to investigate the impact of distinct metastasis patterns on the overall survival (OS) of individuals diagnosed with organ metastatic lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). OS was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to further assess prognostic factors. A total of 36,025 cases meeting the specified criteria were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Among these patients, 30.60% (11,023/36,025) were initially diagnosed at stage IV, and 22.03% (7936/36,025) of these individuals exhibited metastasis in at least 1 organ, including the liver, bone, lung, and brain. Among the 4 types of single metastasis, patients with bone metastasis had the lowest mean OS, at 9.438 months (95% CI: 8.684–10.192). Furthermore, among patients with dual-organ metastases, those with both brain and liver metastases had the shortest mean OS, at 5.523 months (95% CI: 3.762–7.285). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that metastatic site is an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with single and dual-organ metastases. Chemotherapy was beneficial for patients with single and multiple-organ metastases; although surgery was advantageous for those with single and dual-organ metastases, it did not affect the long-term prognosis of patients with triple organ metastases. Radiotherapy only conferred benefits to patients with single-organ metastasis. LUSC patients exhibit a high incidence of metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis, with significant differences in long-term survival among patients with different patterns of metastasis. Among single-organ metastasis cases, lung metastasis is the most frequent and is associated with the longest mean OS. Regarding treatment options, patients with single-organ metastasis can benefit from chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy, and those with metastasis in 2 organs can benefit from chemotherapy and surgery. Patients with metastasis in more than 2 organs, however, can only benefit from chemotherapy. Understanding the variations in metastasis patterns assists in guiding pretreatment assessments and in determining appropriate therapeutic interventions for LUSC.
6
Isidro, Ulysses, Liam M. O'Brien, and Ronnie Sebro. "Linear mixed-effects models for estimation of pulmonary metastasis growth rate: implications for CT surveillance in patients with sarcoma." British Journal of Radiology 93, no. 1114 (October 1, 2020): 20190856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20190856.
Анотація:
Objectives: Sarcoma patients often undergo surveillance chest CT for detection of pulmonary metastases. No data exist on the optimal surveillance interval for chest CT. The aim of this study was to estimate pulmonary metastasis growth rate in sarcoma patients. Methods: This was a retrospective review of 95 patients with pulmonary metastases (43 patients with histologically confirmed metastases and 52 with clinically diagnosed metastases) from sarcoma treated at an academic tertiary-care center between 01 January 2000 and 01 June 2019. Age, sex, primary tumor size, grade, subtype, size and volume of the pulmonary metastasis over successive chest CT scans were recorded. Two metastases per patient were chosen if possible. Multivariate linear mixed-effects models with random effects for each pulmonary metastasis and each patient were used to estimate pulmonary metastasis growth rate, evaluating the impact of patient age, tumor size, tumor grade, chemotherapy and tumor subtype. We estimated the pulmonary metastasis volume doubling time using these analyses. Results: Maximal primary tumor size at diagnosis (LRT statistic = 2.58, df = 2, p = 0.275), tumor grade (LRT statistic = 1.13, df = 2, p = 0.567), tumor type (LRT statistic = 7.59, df = 6, p = 0.269), and patient age at diagnosis (LRT statistic = 0.735, df = 2, p = 0.736) were not statistically significant predictors of pulmonary nodule growth from baseline values. Chemotherapy decreased the rate of pulmonary nodule growth from baseline (LRT statistic = 7.96, df = 2, p = 0.0187). 95% of untreated pulmonary metastases are expected to grow less than 6 mm in 6.4 months. There was significant intrapatient and interpatient variation in pulmonary metastasis growth rate. Pulmonary metastasis volume growth rate was best fit with an exponential model in time. The volume doubling time for pulmonary metastases assuming an exponential model in time was 143 days (95% CI (104, 231) days). Conclusions: Assuming a 2 mm nodule is the smallest reliably detectable nodule by CT, the data suggest that an untreated pulmonary metastasis is expected to grow to 8 mm in 8.4 months (95% CI (4.9, 10.2) months). Tumor size, grade and sarcoma subtype did not significantly alter pulmonary metastasis growth rate. However, chemotherapy slowed the pulmonary metastasis growth rate. Advances in knowledge: CT surveillance intervals for pulmonary metastases can be estimated based on metastasis growth rate. There was significant variation in the pulmonary metastasis growth rate between metastases within patient and between patients. Pulmonary nodule volume growth followed an exponential model, linear in time.
7
Choi, Hee Jun, Jai Min Ryu, Byung Joo Chae, Seok Jin Nam, Jonghan Yu, Se Kyung Lee, Jeong Eon Lee, and Seok Won Kim. "Is Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Breast Cancer with Cytology-Proven Axillary Metastasis Safe? A Prospective Single-Arm Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 20 (October 16, 2021): 4754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10204754.
Анотація:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate pathologic lymph node metastasis in breast cancer with cytology-proven axillary metastasis. This study was designed prospectively. We performed axillary lymph node dissections (ALND) after lymphatic mapping by near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging with Indocyanine Green (ICG). We evaluated 72 breast cancer patients with cytology-proven axillary metastasis by curative surgery at the Samsung Medical Center between May of 2016 and December of 2017. Among the 72 patients with cytology-proven axillary metastasis, 14 of 39 patients (35.9%) with one or two sentinel lymph nodes containing metastases were metastasized to post-sentinel lymph node. Thirteen of fourteen patients had additional non-sentinel lymph node metastases, seven of thirteen patients also had additional level II lymph node metastases, and one patient had only one additional level II lymph node metastasis. Of T1 or T2 stage patients, 10 of 33 patients (30.3%) with one or two sentinel lymph nodes containing metastases were metastasized to post-sentinel lymph node. Even in patients without SLN metastasis, 50% of the patients had at least three LN metastases, and 40% in the T1 or T2 stage patients. Sentinel lymph node biopsy without ALND might be not safe for patients with cytology-proven axillary metastasis.
8
Park, Hyung Kyu, Joungho Han, Ghee Young Kwon, Min-Kyung Yeo, and Go Eun Bae. "Patterns of Extrathoracic Metastasis in Lung Cancer Patients." Current Oncology 29, no. 11 (November 16, 2022): 8794–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29110691.
Анотація:
Metastasis is a major cause of death in lung cancer patients. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the metastatic mechanisms is important for developing better management strategies for lung cancer patients. This study evaluated the patterns of extrathoracic metastases in lung cancer. We retrieved data for 25,103 lung cancer patients from an institutional database and then evaluated the impacts of clinicopathologic factors on metastasis patterns. We found that 36.5% of patients had extrathoracic metastasis. Younger patients had a significantly higher extrathoracic metastasis rate in most histologic subtypes. Metastases to the bone (58.3%), central nervous system (CNS) (44.3%), liver (26.6%) and adrenal gland (18.3%) accounted for 85.5% of all extrathoracic metastases. Patients with nonmucinous adenocarcinoma had significantly higher bone metastasis rate. Patients with small cell carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) had significantly higher liver metastasis rates. Further, patients with LCNEC also had a significantly lower bone metastasis rate, and patients with squamous cell carcinoma had a significantly lower CNS metastasis rate. Patients with multiple cancers had similar patterns of metastasis compared to patients with only lung cancer. In conclusion, different histologic subtypes of lung cancer have different metastatic patterns. Our study might help clinicians decide on follow-up strategies.
9
Li, Chuang, Zhao-zhong Meng, Jian-wu Qin, and Xin-guang Qiu. "Analysis of Risk Factors of Level V Lymphatic Metastasis for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with pN1b." Journal of Oncology 2021 (August 18, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5562065.
Анотація:
Objective. To explore the risk factors of level V lymphatic metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients with pN1b. Methods. Patients were selected if they presented with a suspicious level III or IV lymph node metastasis and underwent surgery by hemi or total thyroidectomy with a lymph node dissection (levels III, IV, VI, and VII). For these patients, if frozen section showed a positive level III or IV node, then levels II and V nodes were resected. Univariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test for some factors, including age, sex, tumor location, multifocal lesions, tumor size, local invasion of primary focus, status of cervical lymphatic metastasis, TNM staging, tumor deposits (independent tumor nodules), and the metastasis to more than 5 central lymph nodes. Then, the factors with statistical significance indicated by the above univariate analysis underwent multivariate analysis. Results. Univariate analysis indicated that the level V lymphatic metastasis was significantly associated with simultaneous metastases to levels II, III, and IV, simultaneous metastases to levels III and IV, and tumor deposits (all p < 0.05 ), but it was not significantly associated with age, sex, tumor location, multifocal lesions, tumor size, local invasion of primary focus, other cervical lymphatic metastasis, TNM staging, and the metastases to more than 5 central lymph nodes (all p > 0.05 ). Multivariate analysis suggested that the simultaneous metastases to levels III and IV and tumor deposits were the risk factors of level V lymphatic metastasis. Conclusion. The simultaneous metastases to levels III and IV and tumor deposits are independent risk factors of level V lymphatic metastasis. The patients with pN1b PTC who have simultaneous metastases to levels III and IV or/and tumor deposits may have the risk of level V lymph node metastasis.
10
Suki, Dima, Rami Khoury Abdulla, Minming Ding, Soumen Khatua, and Raymond Sawaya. "Brain metastases in patients diagnosed with a solid primary cancer during childhood: experience from a single referral cancer center." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 14, no. 4 (October 2014): 372–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.7.peds13318.
Анотація:
Object Metastasis to the brain is frequent in adult cancer patients but rare among children. Advances in primary tumor treatment and the associated prolonged survival are said to have increased the frequency of brain metastasis in children. The authors present a series of cases of brain metastases in children diagnosed with a solid primary cancer, evaluate brain metastasis trends, and describe tumor type, patterns of occurrence, and prognosis. Methods Patients with brain metastases whose primary cancer was diagnosed during childhood were identified in the 1990–2012 Tumor Registry at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. A review of their hospital records provided demographic data, history, and clinical data, including primary cancer sites, number and location of brain metastases, sites of extracranial metastases, treatments, and outcomes. Results Fifty-four pediatric patients (1.4%) had a brain metastasis from a solid primary tumor. Sarcomas were the most common (54%), followed by melanoma (15%). The patients' median ages at diagnosis of the primary cancer and the brain metastasis were 11.37 years and 15.03 years, respectively. The primary cancer was localized at diagnosis in 48% of patients and disseminated regionally in only 14%. The primary tumor and brain metastasis presented synchronously in 15% of patients, and other extracranial metastases were present when the primary cancer was diagnosed. The remaining patients were diagnosed with brain metastasis after initiation of primary cancer treatment, with a median presentation interval of 17 months after primary cancer diagnosis (range 2–77 months). At the time of diagnosis, the brain metastasis was the first site of systemic metastasis in only 4 (8%) of the 51 patients for whom data were available. Up to 70% of patients had lung metastases when brain metastases were found. Symptoms led to the brain metastasis diagnosis in 65% of cases. Brain metastases were single in 60% of cases and multiple in 35%; 6% had only leptomeningeal disease. The median Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival after diagnoses of primary cancer and brain metastasis were 29 months (95% CI 24–34 months) and 9 months (95% CI 6–11 months), respectively. Untreated patients survived for a median of 0.9 months after brain metastasis diagnosis (95% CI 0.3–1.5 months). Those receiving treatment survived for a median of 8 months after initiation of therapy (95% CI 6–11 months). Conclusions The results of this study challenge the current notion of an increased incidence of brain metastases among children with a solid primary cancer. The earlier diagnosis of the primary cancer, prior to its dissemination to distant sites (especially the brain), and initiation of presumably more effective treatments may support such an observation. However, although the actual number of cases may not be increasing, the prognosis after the diagnosis of a brain metastasis remains poor regardless of the management strategy.
11
Costa, Weruska Alcoforado, José Eleutério Jr., Paulo César Giraldo, and Ana Katherine Gonçalves. "Quality of life in breast cancer survivors." Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 63, no. 7 (July 2017): 583–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.63.07.583.
Анотація:
Summary Objective: To evaluate the influence of functional capacity (FC) and how it affects quality of life (QoL) in breast cancer survivors. Method: A total of 400 breast cancer survivors were studied - 118 without metastasis, 160 with locoregional metastasis and 122 with distant metastasis. The European Organization for Research and Treatment for Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire--Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), Breast Cancer-Specific (EORTC QLQ-BR23), and the Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) were used to evaluate FC and QoL. Results: Women with distant metastases presented lower KPS 75.3 (SD=12.5) (p<0.001). For QLQ-C30, the mean of the Functional Scale for patients with distant metastasis was 57 (SD=19) (p<0.001), and the mean of the Symptom Scale for patients with distant metastasis was 37 (SD=20) (p<0.001). Both the scales for pain and fatigue showed the highest mean in the groups. For the Global Health Scale, patients without metastasis scored a mean of 62 (SD=24) points, while those with locoregional metastases scored a mean of 63 (SD=21.4), and distant metastasis scored 51.3 (SD=24) points. In the group with distant metastases, 105 (87%) had pain, and the average KPS was 74 (SD=12.0) (p=0.001). Conclusion: Breast cancer was associated with decreased FC, compromised QoL in women with locoregional and distant metastases compared to those without metastasis.
12
Zhang, Lei, Chengyu Wu, Yong Zhang, and Robert M. Hoffman. "Spontaneous and cyclophosphamide-enhanced metastasis inhibited by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbal mixture LQ." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): e22209-e22209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e22209.
Анотація:
e22209 Background: Cyclophosphamide pretreatment of mice enhances metastatsis of HT1080 human fibrosarsoma cells (Cancer Res. 68, 516-520, 2008). Methods: HT1080 human fibrosarsoma cells were injected into the footpad or were injected into the epigastric cranialis vein of mice pre-treated with cyclophosphamide (CYC) or a combination of CYC and the herbal mixture LQ. The efficacy was monitored through dynamic subcellular imaging of trafficking of cancer cells in lymph nodes and blood vessels in live mice. Results: LQ significantly inhibited HT1080 spontaneous metastases to local lymph nodes in the foot-pad-injection model. In the control group, 100% of mice had lymph node metastasis, compared to 12.5% of the mice in the LQ treatment group. LQ also significantly inhibited CYC-enhanced experimental metastasis in the epigastric cranialis vein injection model. LQ prolonged the overall survival of mice in the spontaneous-lymph-node metastatic footpad-injection model. Conclusions: The TCM herbal mixture LQ shows promis to inhibit metastasis and will be further tested in other metastatic models.
13
Vasilev, Nikolay, Vladimir Perelmuter, Yevgeniy Choynzonov, Irina Frolova, Stanislav Tabakaev, Yuriy Tyukalov, Marat Mukhamedov, et al. "ANALYSIS OF CASES WITH LYMPHOGENOUS METASTASIS FROM CHONDROSARCOMA." Problems in oncology 65, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 736–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2019-65-5-736-743.
Анотація:
Between 2008 and 2017, 87 patients with lymphogenous metastasis from chondrosarcoma were treated at the Cancer Research Institute (Tomsk, Russia). Lymph node metastases were detected in 3 patients (3.4 %). All cases with lymphogenous metastases were characterized by the presence of the tumor in the appendicular skeleton, tumor extension beyond the bone with the formation of extraossal component, high-grade tumor (G2 and G3) and disease progression. Our study indicates the importance of the study of lymphogenous metastasis as evidence of an unfavorable outcome for chondrosarcoma. Further studies of risk factors for lymphogenous metastases and the mechanisms underlying lymphogenous metastasis will allow a better understanding of the phenomenon of lymphogenous metastasis.
14
Asano, Naofumi, Michiro Susa, Seiichi Hosaka, Robert Nakayama, Eisuke Kobayashi, Katsuhito Takeuchi, Keisuke Horiuchi, et al. "Metastatic Patterns of Myxoid/Round Cell Liposarcoma: A Review of a 25-Year Experience." Sarcoma 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/345161.
Анотація:
Myxoid/round cell liposarcoma (MRCL), unlike other soft tissue sarcomas, has been associated with unusual pattern of metastasis to extrapulmonary sites. In an attempt to elucidate the clinical features of MRCL with metastatic lesions, 58 cases, from the medical database of Keio University Hospital were used for the evaluation. 47 patients (81%) had no metastases, whereas 11 patients (11%) had metastases during their clinical course. Among the 11 patients with metastatic lesions, 8 patients (73%) had extrapulmonary metastases and 3 patients (27%) had pulmonary metastases. Patients were further divided into three groups; without metastasis, with extrapulmonary metastasis, and with pulmonary metastasis. When the metastatic patterns were stratified according to tumor size, there was statistical significance between the three groups (P=0.028). The 8 cases with extrapulmonary metastases were all larger than 10 cm. Similarly, histological grading had a significant impact on metastatic patterns (P=0.027). 3 cases with pulmonary metastatic lesions were all diagnosed as high grade. In conclusion, large size and low histological grade were significantly associated with extrapulmonary metastasis.
15
Langley, Robert R., and Isaiah J. Fidler. "The Biology of Brain Metastasis." Clinical Chemistry 59, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2012.193342.
Анотація:
BACKGROUND It is estimated that at least 200 000 cases of brain metastases occur each year in the US, which is 10 times the number of patients diagnosed with primary brain tumors. Brain metastasis is associated with poor prognosis, neurological deterioration, diminished quality of life, and extremely short survival. Favorable interactions between tumor cells and cerebral microvascular endothelial cells encourage tumor growth in the central nervous system, while tumor cell interactions with astrocytes protect brain metastases from the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy. CONTENT We review the pathogenesis of brain metastasis and emphasize the contributions of microvascular endothelial cells and astrocytes to disease progression and therapeutic resistance. Animal models used to study brain metastasis are also discussed. SUMMARY Brain metastasis has many unmet clinical needs. There are few clinically relevant tumor models and no targeted therapies specific for brain metastases, and the mean survival for untreated patients is 5 weeks. Improved clinical outcomes are dependent on an enhanced understanding of the metastasis-initiating population of cells and the identification of microenvironmental factors that encourage disease progression in the central nervous system.
16
Chan, Chung Ming, Adam D. Lindsay, Andre RV Spiguel, Mark T. Scarborough, and C. Parker Gibbs. "Brain metastases from Truncal and extremity bone and soft tissue sarcoma: Single institution study of oncologic outcomes." Rare Tumors 12 (January 2020): 203636132096006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2036361320960060.
Анотація:
Brain metastases are a rare occurrence in patients with sarcoma. The prognosis for patients is poor, and treatment can contribute to considerable morbidity. We sought to examine the experience of our institution in managing these patients over a period of 17 years. We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients managed for sarcoma of the extremity or trunk who developed brain metastases from 2000 to 2017. Clinical data were analyzed and we assessed survival outcomes. 14 patients presenting at a mean age of 46.7 years were included. All patients were treated with radiotherapy for their brain metastases. 3 patients underwent surgical excision of their intracranial metastases. Two patients were treated with radium-223 dichloride. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and the log rank test were used to calculate the survival probability, and to compare patient subgroups. All patients in this study developed lung or bone metastases at a mean interval of 13.3 months prior to the development of brain metastasis. The median interval from diagnosis of a brain metastasis to death was 3.6 months. The Kaplan–Meier survival probability at 6 months was 28.6%, and 14.3% at 1 year. Surgery was not found to be associated with increased survival. Patients with cerebellar metastasis had increased survival probability as compared to those with cerebral metastasis. Patients with extremity or trunk sarcoma who develop brain metastases frequently develop lung or bone metastases in the year preceding their diagnosis of brain metastasis. Patients with cerebellar metastasis may have better survival than those with cerebral metastasis, and an aggressive treatment approach should be considered. Despite aggressive treatment, the prognosis is grim.
17
Özer, Özge, Emirhan Nemutlu, Cemil Can Eylem, Sedef Kır, Tuba Reçber, Burak Yasin Aktas, Ayse Kars, and Sercan Aksoy. "Detection of brain metastasis by metabolomics methods in metastatic breast cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e12572-e12572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e12572.
Анотація:
e12572 Background: The aim of this study was to identify markers for the early diagnosis of brain metastasis by metabolomic methods in breast cancer patients. Methods: A total of 88 breast cancer patients with distant metastases were included the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to their metastasis status as patients with brain metastases and patients with distant metastases without any brain metastases. For metabolomic analyses, liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-qTOF-MS) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis methods were used. Results: 88 patients were included the study. 33 of the 88 patients had brain metastasis group and 55 patients had distant metastases without brain metastasis. A total of 79 metabolites were identified by the GC-MS analysis. Of these, 11 of them (alanine, sphingosine, fructose, fumaric acid, glycine, lactic acid, phenylalanine, pyroglutamic acid, serine, threonine, and valine) were found at statistically significantly higher levels in the patient group with brain metastases (p < 0.05). In LC-qTOF-MS analysis 47 metabolites were identified with statistically significant results between the two groups. Predictive accuriecies for idendification of the brain metastasis with 5 and 10 metobolites models were 94.6% and 95.2%, respectively.Amino acyl tRNA biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, cyanaminoacid metabolism, nicontic and nicotinicamide metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism pathways have been involved more significantly in patients with brain metastasis (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Although these results need to be confirmatory prospective studies, these data promising for early detection of the brain metastasis by markers in sera.
18
Begum, Shamim MF, Fatima Begum, Pupree Mutsuddy, Layla S. Banu, and Raihan Hussain. "Superficial Metastases from Breast Cancer and Gallbladder: Detected by 18F FDG PET-CT Scan." Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Medicine 20, no. 1 (June 7, 2018): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnm.v20i1.36862.
Анотація:
<p>Cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases from internal malignancies are rare. The reported incidence of subcutaneous metastasis is 5.3% and cutaneous metastasis account for 0.7% and 9% of all metastases. Here we reported two cases of cutaneous metastasis, one from gall bladder cancer and other from breast cancer. Among all internal malignancies the incidence of cutaneous metastasis in breast cancer is highest whereas in gall bladder cancer is rare. Detection of cutaneous or subcutaneous metastasis determines the staging, prognosis and management strategy of the disease. 18F FDG PET- CT (18 Fluorine fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computerized tomography) scan has been reported to play a potential role in the identification of cutaneous or subcutaneas metastasis. These metastases were detected on whole body 18F FDG PET-CT scan during restaging of the disease. The lesions were FDG avid and biopsy proven metastasis. Intense FDG avidity with SUV max 10.5 was revealed in nodular lesion in abdominal wall from gall bladder cancer. The nodular lesion in gluteal region in a patient with breast cancer had low avidity with SUV max 3.8 later evaluated as cutaneous metastasis. Here the cases are reported to emphasize the PET-CT imaging as a potentially used one-stop-shop imaging modality in patients with cutaneous or subcutaneous metastases from internal malignancies. PET-CT imaging can reliably identify hypermetabolic cutaneous metastasis and can help not only to restage the disease but also to guide new therapeutic strategies.</p><p>Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 20(1): 56-58, January 2017</p>
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Gill, Jennifer G., Samantha N. Leef, Vijayashree Ramesh, Misty S. Martin-Sandoval, Aparna D. Rao, Lindsey West, Sarah Muh, et al. "A Short Isoform of Spermatogenic Enzyme GAPDHS Functions as a Metabolic Switch and Limits Metastasis in Melanoma." Cancer Research 82, no. 7 (February 11, 2022): 1251–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-2062.
Анотація:
Abstract Despite being the leading cause of cancer deaths, metastasis remains a poorly understood process. To identify novel regulators of metastasis in melanoma, we performed a large-scale RNA sequencing screen of 48 samples from patient-derived xenograft (PDX) subcutaneous melanomas and their associated metastases. In comparison with primary tumors, expression of glycolytic genes was frequently decreased in metastases, whereas expression of some tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle genes was increased in metastases. Consistent with these transcriptional changes, melanoma metastases underwent a metabolic switch characterized by decreased levels of glycolytic metabolites and increased abundance of TCA cycle metabolites. A short isoform of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spermatogenic (GAPDHS) lacking the N-terminal domain suppressed metastasis and regulated this metabolic switch. GAPDHS was downregulated in metastatic nodules from PDX models as well as in human patients. Overexpression of GAPDHS was sufficient to block melanoma metastasis, whereas its inhibition promoted metastasis, decreased glycolysis, and increased levels of certain TCA cycle metabolites and their derivatives including citrate, fumarate, malate, and aspartate. Isotope tracing studies indicated that GAPDHS mediates this shift through changes in pyruvate carboxylase activity and aspartate synthesis, both metabolic pathways critical for cancer survival and metastasis. Together, these data identify a short isoform of GAPDHS that limits melanoma metastasis and regulates central carbon metabolism. Significance: This study characterizes metabolic changes during cancer metastasis and identifies GAPDHS as a novel regulator of these processes in melanoma cells.
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Koyama, Ryota, Yoshiaki Maeda, Nozomi Minagawa, Toshiki Shinohara, and Tomonori Hamada. "Late Cutaneous Metastasis Originating from Gastric Cancer with Synchronous Metastasis." Case Reports in Gastroenterology 13, no. 1 (February 26, 2019): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000497099.
Анотація:
An 89-year-old man was diagnosed with late cutaneous metastasis in the right axilla 6 years after undergoing a surgery for gastric cancer with synchronous cutaneous metastasis in the same site. The patient became aware of small reddish nodules in the right axilla, and computed tomography imaging showed an irregular thickening of the right axillary skin. No other sign of recurrence was observed. By en-bloc resection, the nodules were diagnosed as late cutaneous metastasis from gastric cancer. The patient received no additional postoperative chemo- or radiotherapy and was only carefully observed. Cutaneous metastases from gastric cancer have a high recurrence rate even if total resection with no residual cancer is achieved. Therefore, meticulous follow-up, including routine visual inspection, is required for the early detection of late cutaneous metastases.
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Sahin, Hilal, Naim Ceylan, Selen Bayraktaroglu, and Recep Savas. "Cardiac metastasis of osteosarcoma." Open Medicine 5, no. 5 (October 1, 2010): 551–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-010-1018-5.
Анотація:
AbstractCardiac osteosarcoma metastasis is extremely rare and is documented in several case reports in the literature. The behaviour of osteosarcoma metastases is similar to the primary tumour. Thoracic non-enhanced computed tomography (CT) examination is beneficial in the detection of calcific cardiac metastases. In this case report, we describe a 29-year-old woman with cardiac osteosarcoma metastasis after 7 years of follow-up, compare the demographic features with previous cases and discuss the imaging findings.
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Muratori, Francesco, Leonardo Bettini, Filippo Frenos, Nicola Mondanelli, Daniela Greto, Lorenzo Livi, Alessandro Franchi, et al. "Myxoid Liposarcoma: Prognostic Factors and Metastatic Pattern in a Series of 148 Patients Treated at a Single Institution." International Journal of Surgical Oncology 2018 (May 16, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8928706.
Анотація:
Objectives. The authors reported a retrospective study on myxoid liposarcomas (MLs), evaluating factors that may influence overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and analyzing the metastatic pattern. Methods. 148 MLs were analyzed. The sites of metastases were investigated. Results. Margins (p = 0.002), grading (p = 0,0479), and metastasis (p < 0,0001) were significant risk factors affecting overall survival (OS). Type of presentation (p = 0.0243), grading (p = 0,0055), margin (p = 0.0001), and local recurrence (0.0437) were risk factors on metastasis-free survival (MFS). Authors did not observe statistically significant risk factors for local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and reported 55% extrapulmonary metastases and 45% pulmonary metastases. Conclusion. Margins, grading, presentation, local recurrence, and metastasis were prognostic factors. Extrapulmonary metastases were more frequent in myxoid liposarcoma.
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Xiong, Min, Weiguang Zhang, Chao Zhou, Junjie Bao, Shengbing Zang, and Xiaoping Lin. "Application of 18F Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Monitoring Gastric Metastasis and Cancer Thrombi from Renal Cell Carcinoma." Journal of Oncology 2022 (February 4, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5681463.
Анотація:
Background. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with gastric metastasis is rare, particularly accompanied by multiple cancer thrombi. Methods. We reported a 66-year-old man with a history of a right radical nephrectomy because of RCC. The patient underwent 18F prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning after 6 months of targeted therapy because of gastric metastasis and cancer thrombi. We conducted a systematic review of the literature and identified 73 cases of RCC with gastric metastasis. We analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics, therapies, and outcomes of patients. Results. 18F-PSMA PET/CT showed a large mass in the gastric fundus and cancer thrombi in the right atrium, inferior vena cava, and splenic vein with intense tracer uptake. Other metastases with increased tracer uptake included multiple bones and abdominal lymph nodes. The majority of gastric metastasis of RCC were men (53/73, 72.6%), with a median age at presentation of 67 (from 48 to 87) years. Gastric metastasis of RCC was mainly metachronous, and presented with small polyps or mass appearance and often accompanied by multiple-site metastases and gastrointestinal symptoms. An overall median interval between nephrectomy and diagnosis of gastric metastasis was 6 (from 0.1 to 23) years, and an overall median survival time was 14 (from 0.25 to 72) months. The median interval time of solitary gastric metastasis was longer than gastric metastasis with multiple-site metastases (7 vs.5 years; P = 0.034 ). Patients with gastric and multiple-site metastases had higher mortality than patients with solitary metastasis (17 vs.1; P = 0.028 ). The patients with synchronous gastric metastasis had a shorter survival time than metachronous gastric metastasis (6 vs.17 months; P = 0.018 ). Conclusions. Postoperative follow-up of multiple imaging modalities to monitor recurrence and metastasis is necessary and important. PSMA PET/CT can improve the detection sensitivity of RCC, especially in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and could provide a basis for disease staging, restaging, and therapeutic efficacy evaluation.
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Reticker-Flynn, Nathan E., Weiruo Zhang, Julia Ann Belk, Pamela Antonia Basto, Ansuman Satpathy, Sylvia Katina Plevritis, and Edgar G. Engleman. "Lymph node colonization promotes distant tumor metastasis through the induction of tumor-specific immune tolerance." Journal of Immunology 208, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2022): 119.04. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.119.04.
Анотація:
Abstract The majority of cancer deaths result from distant organ metastasis. Lymph nodes (LNs) are major sites of anti-tumor lymphocyte education, yet LN metastasis frequently precedes distant metastasis. Here, we find that LN metastasis represents a critical step in tumor progression by inducing tumor-specific immune tolerance, thus enabling further dissemination of tumors to distant organs. Using an in vivo passaging approach, we generated 300 cell lines exhibiting varying degrees of LN metastatic capacity. We show that the LN metastases promote distant organ metastasis in a manner that is tumor specific. Through organism-wide immune profiling by single cell sequencing, we identify multiple cellular mediators of tolerance. In particular, we find that LN metastases have the capacity to both resist NK cell cytotoxicity and induce regulatory T cells (Tregs). Adoptive transfer of Tregs from the LNs of mice bearing LN metastasis to naïve mice facilitates metastasis in a manner that Tregs from mice without LN metastases cannot. Additionally, these Tregs are induced in an antigen-specific manner. Using whole exome sequencing, we show LN metastases do not evolve through the acquisition of driver mutations, loss of neoantigens, loss of MHC class I, or decreases in melanoma antigens. Rather, by RNA-seq and ATAC-seq, we show that a conserved interferon signaling axis is upregulated in LN metastases and is rendered stable through epigenetic regulation of chromatin accessibility. Knockout studies reveal that these pathways are required for LN metastatic seeding, and we validate their significance in additional mouse models and patients. These findings demonstrate a critical role for LN metastasis in promoting tumor-specific immunosuppression. This work was supported by NIH grants U54 CA209971 and F32 CA189408.
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Grigoryeva, Evgeniya S., Luibov A. Tashireva, Olga E. Savelieva, Marina V. Zavyalova, Nataliya O. Popova, Gleb A. Kuznetsov, Elena S. Andryuhova та Vladimir M. Perelmuter. "The Association of Integrins β3, β4, and αVβ5 on Exosomes, CTCs and Tumor Cells with Localization of Distant Metastasis in Breast Cancer Patients". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, № 3 (2 лютого 2023): 2929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032929.
Анотація:
Integrins are cell adhesion receptors, which play a role in breast cancer invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Moreover, it has been shown that exosomal integrins provide organotropic metastasis in a mouse model. In our study, we aimed to investigate the expression of integrins β3, β4, and αVβ5 on exosomes and tumor cells (circulating tumor cells and primary tumor) and their association with the localization of distant metastasis. We confirmed the association of exosomal integrin β4 with lung metastasis in breast cancer patients. However, we were unable to evaluate the role of integrin β3 in brain metastasis due to the rarity of this localization. We established no association of exosomal integrin αVβ5 with liver metastasis in our cohort of breast cancer patients. The further evaluation of β3, β4, and αVβ5 integrin expression on CTCs revealed an association of integrin β4 and αVβ5 with liver, but not the lung metastases. Integrin β4 in the primary tumor was associated with liver metastasis. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of phenotypic characteristics of β4+ tumor cells revealed a significantly increased proportion of E-cadherin+ and CD44+CD24- cells in patients with liver metastases compared to patients with lung or no distant metastases.
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Chao, Z., X. Guo, Y. Xu, X. Han, X. Wang, and G. Wang. "The Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Risk Factors for the Morbidity and Prognosis of Bone Metastasis in Patients With Prostate Cancer." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 51s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.38300.
Анотація:
Background: Globally, prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in males and fifth leading cancer-related cause of death. To build a reliable predictive system for screening performance, the study looking into the risk factors of BM in prostate cancer patients is warranted. Aim: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER) to assess the incidence, and risk factors of morbidity and prognosis for bone metastases in initial metastatic prostate cancer. Methods: A total of 249,331 prostate cancer patients who were diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 in SEER database were obtained to investigate the risk factors for developing bone metastasis, and 9925 of them who registered before 2013 were retrieved (with at least 1 year follow-up) to explore the prognostic factors for bone metastasis. Multivariate logistic and Cox regression were used to identify risk factors and prognostic factors for bone metastases, respectively. Results: Totally, 12,794 patients (5.1%) were diagnosed with bone metastases at the initial diagnosis. Older age, unmarried status, higher tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, metastases at lung brain and liver were the homogeneous risk factors for the morbidity and prognosis of bone metastasis in prostate cancer. Race and histologic differentiation grade were the heterogeneities associated factors. Black race was positively associated with bone metastasis morbidity; however, it has no significant effect on the prognosis. Poor differentiated grade may be the risk factors for developing bone metastasis; however, grade II was negatively associated with prognosis of bone metastasis. Conclusion: The survival of prostate cancer was poor with the bone metastasis approximate 5%. The prostate cancer has homogeneous and heterogeneities risk factors for incidence and prognosis of bone metastasis, which may provide potential guideline for the screening and preventive treatment of the bone metastasis of prostate cancer.
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Guo, Jianbin, Xiujuan Cui, Xindong Zhang, Haili Qian, Hua Duan, and Ying Zhang. "The Clinical Characteristics of Endometrial Cancer With Extraperitoneal Metastasis and the Value of Surgery in Treatment." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 19 (January 1, 2020): 153303382094578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533033820945784.
Анотація:
Objective: To describe the clinical and pathological features of endometrial carcinoma with extraperitoneal metastasis and examine whether surgery could improve the prognosis. Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was used to analyze 730 patients who were diagnosed with extraperitoneal metastasis of endometrial cancer from 2010 to 2015, including metastasis to the lung, bone, or brain. Results: Of the 730 patients, 372 (50.96%) patients had single lung metastases, and 196(26.85%) patients had multiple organ metastases that included pulmonary invasion. Therefore, the lung was the most common target organ for extraperitoneal metastasis of endometrial cancer. In multivariate risk factor analysis, grade 3 tumor (odds ratio = 3.39, P < .001), positive peritoneal cytology (odds ratio = 2.02, P < .001), and cervical stromal invasion (odds ratio = 1.42, P = .030) were independent risk factors for extraperitoneal metastasis. Once metastasis occurred in the brain or multiple organs, the prognosis was often poor. Of the patients, 362 underwent surgery, and surgery was performed only for primary tumors of the reproductive organs in almost all patients (97.23%) with extraperitoneal metastasis. The median cancer-specific survival periods of patients with solitary pulmonary metastasis undergoing surgery and those without surgery were 23 (16.43-29.57) months and 9 (6.21-11.79) months, respectively ( P < .001), and survival superiority also existed in patients with bone metastasis (19 vs 8 months, P = .015) and multiple organs metastases (15 vs 4 months, P < .001). However, patients with brain metastasis had the same median survival period in the 2 groups (6 months, P = .146). Conclusions: The lung was the most common target organ for extraperitoneal metastasis in patients with endometrial cancer. Surgery was associated with improved survival in women with extraperitoneal metastasis, except for patients with brain metastasis.
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Ikram, Chamtouri, Amdouni Nesrine, Kaddoussi Rania, Ahlem Bellalah, Kortas Chokri, Achour Asma, Joober Sameh, and Maatouk Faouzi. "Case Report: Mitral valve obstruction by metastatic malignant phyllodes tumor." F1000Research 11 (July 25, 2022): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.110022.2.
Анотація:
Cardiac metastases are rare. Herein, we report a case of a 37-year-old female patient with a history of borderline breast phyllodes tumor (PT) treated by surgery, admitted to our department for concomitant cardiac and pulmonary metastases of malignant PT. Cardiac metastasis occurred through direct extension from pulmonary metastasis to the left atrium via the right inferior pulmonary vein, causing severe mitral valve obstruction. Although the total surgical removal of metastases, the patient had a huge relapse of the mediastinal metastasis resulting in her death.
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Su, ChunXia, Juan Zhou, Xiangling Chu, and Jing Zhao. "Genetic mutations associated with lung cancer metastasis to the brain." Journal of Global Oncology 5, suppl (October 7, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.2019.5.suppl.41.
Анотація:
41 Background: Lung cancer is the most common cause of mortality in both men and women, accounting for one-quarter of all cancer deaths. Most lung cancer-associated deaths result from metastasis, especially brain metastasis. Metastasis associated mutations are important biomarkers for metastasis prediction and outcome improvement. The current study aimed to reveal the molecular mechanisms and the genetic alterations involved in metastasis from lung tumors to the brain. Methods: We carried out whole exome sequencing (WES) of the primary tumors and the corresponding brain metastases from 15 patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Results: We identified novel lung cancer metastases associated genes (CHEK2P2, BAGE2, AHNAK2) and epigenetic factors (miR-4436A, miR-6077). Lung-brain metastasis samples have more similar Ti/Tv(transition/transversion) profile with brain cancer. Focal adhesion, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway are some of the most important tumor onset and metastasis pathways. Alternative splicing, Methylation and EGF-like domain are important metabolic abnormal for the lung-metastasis cancers. Conclusions: We conducted a pairwise lung-brain metastasis based WES and identified some novel metastasis related mutations which provided potential biomarkers for prognosis and targeted therapeutics.
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Fang, Yanman, Hushan Zhang, Jiali Zou, Fulin Zhou, Xuejie Tang, Yi Yang, Li Luo, and Yu Ding. "Abstract 5983: Gene profile analysis of breast cancer lung metastasis, liver metastasis, brain metastasis and primary tumor." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 5983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5983.
Анотація:
Abstract Background: The incidence of male breast cancer (MBC) is lower than female breast cancer (FBC), representing 1% of all breast cancer worldwide. The difference with FBC may affect the treatment strategy of MBC, but the necessary precondition is that we should know more about the difference between FBC and MBC. However, Because of its low incidence that the relevant data about MBC is relatively scarce. Here we report some data about gene mutation of MBC, and compared it with FBC. Methods: Blood or tumor Tissue samples of breast cancer were collected and subjected to NGS in a College of American Pathologists (CAP)-certified and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-accredited lab for gene mutation analysis (3D Medicines Inc.,Shanghai, China). Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism (version 7.01) and SPSS version 21.0 (SPSS,Inc.). Results: Approximately 182 samples were analyzed, among which, exist 82 samples were from primary tissue, 66 samples were breast cancer liver metastases, 20 were lung metastases and 14 were brain metastases. High genomic heterogeneity was found among primary breast cancer tissue, breast cancer liver metastases, lung metastases, brain metastases, that is at least 20 gene mutations were found in these BC samples, while different gene mutations were showed among primary and different metastases tissues. The top five mutated gene in primary tumor tissue were TP53(80.49%), PIK3CA(53.66%), FGF19(30.49%), ERBB2(26.83%), MYC(23.17%); in liver metastases tissues were TP53(54.55%), FGF19(39.39%), PIK3CA(37.88%), ERBB2(21.21%), CCND1(19.70%); in lung metastases tissues were TP53(70.00%), PIK3CA(55.00%), ERBB2,MCL1(25.00%), CDKN2A/2B(20.00%), CCND1, NF1, CDK12(15.00%), CCND2, MYC, PTEN, GNAS, FGF19, PTK2, FGFR1(10.00%); in brain metastases tissues were TP53(42.86%), PIK3CA(28.57%), ZNF703, PREX2, JAK3, MYC, FGFR1(14.29%). Besides, levels of TMB were also different among primary tissue, liver, lung and brain metastases tissues. Higher TMB level were showed in liver and brain metastases tissue than primary and lung metastases tissues (p<0.001). Conclusions: Different metastases of breast cancer were different in gene mutation landscape, this imply these patients should be managed differently. Citation Format: Yanman Fang, Hushan Zhang, Jiali Zou, Fulin Zhou, Xuejie Tang, Yi Yang, Li Luo, Yu Ding. Gene profile analysis of breast cancer lung metastasis, liver metastasis, brain metastasis and primary tumor [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5983.
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Ahmed, Mohamed E., Jack R. Andrews, Ahmed Mahmoud, Matthew Lee, Daniel S. Childs, Ayse T. Kendi, Geoffrey Johnson, et al. "Survival patterns based on site-specific visceral metastasis in patients with metastatic prostate cancer: Are outcomes of visceral metastases the same?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2023): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.6_suppl.269.
Анотація:
269 Background: Metastatic visceral involvement in prostate cancer patients conveys a poor prognosis. Survival patterns of site-specific visceral metastasis are poorly understood. Here, we sought to investigate survival patterns in prostate cancer patients according to their first detected site of visceral metastasis. Methods: Retrospectively, we identified 200 patients with visceral metastatic prostate cancer. Patients were divided into three groups according to first site detected with visceral metastases; first-site lung metastases, first-site brain metastases, and first-site liver metastases. Visceral metastases were detected on either conventional imaging (CT/MRI), metabolic imaging (C-11 choline), or PSMA PET-CT scan. Follow up duration of our study was 80 months. Results: Clinicopathological variables are shown. The K-M curve of overall survival of the entire cohort suggests better survival patterns in patients with first-site lung metastases compared to patients with first-site brain or liver metastases (p<0.0001). In subset analysis of patients with CRPC, the K-M curve of overall survival, which demonstrates better survival outcomes in patients with first-site lung metastases in comparison with patients with first-site brain or liver metastases (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Our data suggests that prostate cancer patients with visceral metastatic disease have different survival patterns according to the first site detected with visceral metastasis. In our cohort, patients with first-site lung metastasis demonstrated better survival outcomes than patients with first-site brain or liver metastasis. Further studies are warranted. [Table: see text]
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Gusho, Charles A., Alan T. Blank, and Marta Batus. "Outcomes of brain metastasis in high-grade bone and soft tissue sarcoma: An analysis of clinicopathological characteristics and survival data." Rare Tumors 13 (January 2021): 203636132110261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20363613211026151.
Анотація:
Brain metastases in sarcoma are exceedingly rare, with few published series documenting ranges from 1% to 8%. This study investigated the outcomes of sarcoma patients with brain metastases using a population-based analysis. This was a retrospective review of 5933 patients with high-grade sarcoma identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2010 and 2015. Of the eligible 5933 patients, 0.7% ( n = 44) had brain metastasis. Kaplan–Meier was used to estimate survival and follow-up (reverse Kaplan–Meier), and a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model analyzed prognostic factors of disease-free survival (DFS). Median (IQR) follow-up of all eligible patients was 28 months (12; 47). Patients who developed brain metastasis had a higher proportion of N1 stage disease ( p < 0.001), as well as synchronous metastasis to bones, liver, and lungs compared to those without brain metastasis (all p < 0.001). The median (IQR) DFS with brain metastasis was 6 months (2; 12), and survival with brain metastasis was significantly worse than DFS in patients without brain metastasis ( p < 0.001). Among those with brain metastasis only, there was no difference in DFS with respect to sex, race, primary tumor origin, T stage or N stage disease, synchronous metastasis to bone, liver or lung, nor with respect to chemotherapy or radiation for treatment of the primary tumor (all p > 0.05). For sarcoma patients with brain metastasis, the outcomes are poor and do not appear to differ by clinicopathologic factors. However, patients with certain histologies and synchronous metastases may warrant more frequent surveillance as there was an association of brain metastasis with these factors.
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Elmesidy, Salah Eldeen, Mahmoud Abdelsalam, and Husam Zawam. "Brain metastasis in a series of NSCLC: Egyptian experience." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e18001-e18001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e18001.
Анотація:
e18001 Background: Incidence of cerebral metastasis is increasing among lung cancer patients. Many factors have been reported associated with increase risk of brain metastasis. The aim of this retrospective analysis is to investigate the predictive factors for the development of brain metastasis in lung cancer patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed histologically proven lung cancer patients radiologically diagnosed of having brain metastases who presented to Kasr Al-Eini Center for Oncology (NEMROCK) in the period from 2004 till 2010, with follow up period of 6 months at least. The following factors were analyzed: age, gender, PS, smoking history, tumor size & grade preceding development of brain metastasis. Results: Our study included 403 patients. 67 patients (16.6%) experienced brain metastasis during the course of their disease. 40 (10%) patients had brain metastasis among other sites of distant spread at first presentation which represent 88.9% of patients presented with metastatic disease. In a median follow-up of 17.1 months (6-77) the time to develop brain metastasis (TTBM) for the whole group was 5 months (range 2-22 months) (95% CI : 4.3-7.7). The most important factor affecting the TTBM was the use of chemotherapy before developing brain metastasis with a median TTBM of 5.9 months (95%CI : 3.2-6.8) among those who received chemotherapy compared to 2 months among the patients who didn't receive chemotherapy (P= <0.0001). The second factor was PS at time of initial diagnosis (P= 0.027). The median OS after brain metastasis was 6 months (95% CI : 4.26-7.74). On univariate analysis, PS and use of chemotherapy after developing brain metastases showed statistically significant difference affecting OS. Conclusions: We concluded that PS as well as use of chemotherapy are the 2 main factors associated with shorter time to develop brain metastasis. PS and use of chemotherapy after developing brain metastases showed longer OS after developing brain metastases. Keywords: NSCLC, Brain metastasis, Egypt
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Tani, Shoichiro, Yutaka Morizaki, Kosuke Uehara, Ryoko Sawada, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Yusuke Shinoda, Hirotaka Kawano, and Sakae Tanaka. "Bone metastasis of limb segments: Is mesometastasis another poor prognostic factor of cancer patients?" Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 50, no. 6 (February 21, 2020): 688–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyaa024.
Анотація:
Abstract Objective In contrast to acrometastasis, defined as bone metastasis to the hand or foot, the frequency and prognosis of bone metastasis of other limb segments remain unclear. To compare prognosis according to sites of bone metastasis, we defined two new terms in this study: ‘mesometastasis’ and ‘rhizometastasis’ as bone metastasis of ‘forearm or lower leg’ and ‘arm or thigh’, respectively. Methods A total of 539 patients who were registered to the bone metastasis database of The University of Tokyo Hospital from April 2012 to May 2016 were retrospectively surveyed. All patients who were diagnosed to have bone metastases in our hospital are registered to the database. Patients were categorized into four groups according to the most distal site of bone metastases: ‘acrometastasis’, ‘mesometastasis’, ‘rhizometastasis’ and ‘body trunk metastasis’. Results The frequency of rhizometastasis (22.5%) or body trunk metastasis (73.1%) was significantly higher than that of acrometastasis (2.0%) or mesometastasis (2.4%). The median survival time after diagnosis of bone metastases for each group was as follows: 6.5 months in acrometastasis, 4.0 months in mesometastasis, 16 months in rhizometastasis, 17 months in body trunk metastasis and 16 months overall. In survival curve, there was a statistically significant difference between mesometastasis and body trunk metastasis. Conclusions Our findings suggest that ‘mesometastasis’ could be another poor prognostic factor in cancer patients and that patients with mesometastasis should receive appropriate treatments according to their expected prognosis.
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Tantraworasin, Apichat, Somcharoen Saeteng, Nirush Lertprasertsuke, Nuttapon Arayawudhikule, Choosak Kasemsarn, and Jayanton Patumanond. "Completely Resected N0 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Prognostic Factors Affecting Long-Term Survival." ISRN Surgery 2013 (August 29, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/175304.
Анотація:
Background. Although early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has an excellent outcome and correlated with good long-term survival, up to 15 percent of patients still relapse postoperatively and die. This study is conducted to identify prognostic factors that may affect the long-term survival in completely resected N0 NSCLC. Methods. Medical records of 124 patients with completely resected N0 NSCLC were retrospectively reviewed. Prognostic factors affecting long-term survival were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards analysis. Results. Overall five-year survival rate was 48 percent. Multivariable analysis revealed stage of disease, tumor necrosis, tumor recurrence, brain metastasis, adrenal metastases, and skin metastases as significant prognostic factors affecting long-term survival. The hazard ratio (HR) of tumor necrosis, tumor recurrence, brain metastasis, adrenal metastases, and skin metastases was 2.0, 2.3, 7.6, 4.1, and 8.3, respectively, and all P values were less than 0.001. Conclusions. Our study shows stage of disease, tumor necrosis, tumor recurrence, brain metastasis, adrenal metastasis, and skin metastasis as the independent prognostic factors of long-term survival in pathological N0 NSCLC. Early stage NSCLC patients without nodal involvement or presented with tumor necrosis should benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, and sites of metastasis could predict the long-term survival as described.
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Zuccato, Jeffrey, Yasin Mamatjan, Kenneth Aldape, and Gelareh Zadeh. "ECOA-8. Lung adenocarcinoma brain metastasis prediction using tumor DNA methylation profiling." Neuro-Oncology Advances 3, Supplement_2 (July 1, 2021): ii2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab070.008.
Анотація:
Abstract Introduction The development of brain metastases from primary cancer profoundly impacts patient prognosis. Up to one quarter of lung cancers develop brain metastases and subsequent median overall survival is one year. Although clinical factors do not reliably predict brain metastasis development, DNA methylation signatures have been recently shown to predict outcomes in other cancers. It is hypothesized that DNA methylation signatures predicting brain metastasis development from lung cancer will be identified. This work may allow for treatment strategies that prevent brain metastasis development in high risk lung cancer patients. Methods DNA methylation profiling was undertaken on N=124 lung adenocarcinoma patients. In a randomly selected 70% training cohort, differentially methylated CpG sites between patients developing and not developing brain metastases were identified and used to build a generalized boosted regression model. Patients in the independent 30% testing cohort were assigned brain metastasis risk scores by the model. Results Brain metastases developed in 49/124 (39.5%) of patients and 2.3K CpG sites were significantly differentially methylated between patients developing and not developing metastases. Methylation-based brain metastasis risk scores predicted time to brain metastasis development in the testing cohort (Univariate cox: HR=3.2, 95% CI 1.1–9.4, p=0.03). A multivariate cox analysis assessing tumor size and nodal positivity together with methylation scores as covariates identified methylation scores as the only independent predictor of brain metastasis development in the testing cohort (HR=4.3, 95%CI 1.1–17, p=0.038). Conclusions DNA methylation signatures in lung adenocarcinomas predict brain metastasis development independently from the non-metastatic components of cancer stage. Future work developing a comprehensive nomogram utilizing methylation scores together with clinical factors to determine patient specific risk values may aid in treatment decisions and patient prognosis counselling.
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Decoene, Jasper, Filip Ameye, Evelyne Lerut, Raymond Oyen, Hein Van Poppel, and Steven Joniau. "Renal Cell Carcinoma with Synchronous Metastasis to the Calcaneus and Metachronous Metastases to the Ovary and Gallbladder." Case Reports in Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/671645.
Анотація:
Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) are known for their unpredictable metastatic pattern. We present the case of a 63-year-old woman who initially presented in 1992 with a metastasis in the left calcaneus that led to the discovery of RCC. In 1998, a new metastasis was found in the ovary. In 2008, the diagnosis of a gallbladder metastasis was made. All metastases were surgically removed; no additional systemic therapies were used. Aggressive surgical treatment can prolong the survival of patients with resectable metastases. Patterns of metastasis are discussed, and a brief review of the literature is given regarding each localization.
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Kandagatla, Pridvi, Lilias H. Maguire, and Karin M. Hardiman. "Biology of Nodal Spread in Colon Cancer: Insights from Molecular and Genetic Studies." European Surgical Research 59, no. 5-6 (2018): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000494832.
Анотація:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) lymph node metastases are common but their genetics and the mechanism whereby these metastases occur are not well understood. Here we present recent data regarding genetic heterogeneity in primary CRCs and their metastasis. In addition, we explain the different potential models describing the mechanisms of metastasis and the data supporting them. Multiple studies have also revealed a variety of prognostic molecular markers that are associated with lymph node metastasis in CRC. A better understanding of genetic heterogeneity and the mechanisms of metastasis is critical to predicting clinical response and resistance to targeted therapy.
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Kadi, N., M. Isherwood, M. Al-Akraa, and S. Williams. "Port-Site Metastasis after Laparoscopic Surgery for Urological Malignancy: Forgotten or Missed." Advances in Urology 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/609531.
Анотація:
Purpose. Port-site metastasis has been a concern with the common use of laparoscopy in urologic oncology. We conducted this study to provide a review of port-site metastases reported after the laparoscopy in managing urologic malignancies, possible contributing factors and preventative measures.Materials and Methods.An electronic search of MEDLINE using the combined MESH key words “port-site metastasis” and “Urology”.Results. 51 articles addressing port-site metastasis after laparoscopic surgery for urolo¬gical malignancy were identified.Conclusion. Port-site metastasis after laparoscopic surgery for urolo¬gical malignancy is rare. The incidence is comparable to the rate for surgical wound metastases.
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Zhang, Luyan, Xifa Wu, Yong Feng, Linlin Zheng, and Jinbo Jian. "Selenium donors inhibits osteoclastogenesis through inhibiting IL-6 and plays a pivotal role in bone metastasis from breast cancer." Toxicology Research 9, no. 4 (July 2020): 544–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxres/tfaa053.
Анотація:
Abstract Bone metastases are a frequent complication of breast cancer, and there has been little progress in the treatment of breast cancer patients with bone metastases. The cytotoxicity of selenium donors, including organic selenium and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), to cancer cells has been reported previously, but their relationship with bone metastases progression is not fully clear yet. In this study, multicenter clinical exploration was conducted to obtain dietary selenium intakes of breast cancer patients with or without bone metastasis, to study the relationship between selenium and breast cancer prognosis and bone metastasis. We found that dietary selenium intakes were significantly lower in breast cancer patients with bone metastasis, comparing with the non-bone metastasis cases. Selenium lower group of bone metastasis breast cancer patients had worse prognosis, whereas the daily selenium intakes could not predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients without bone metastasis. Subsequently, we study the regulatory role of selenium donors on bone metastasis at the cellular level, by challenging the cells with SeNPs. SeNPs showed potent cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells, no matter whether they were primary or bone-metastatic. SeNPs treated cancer cell inhibited the survival and differentiation of osteoclast progenitor cells. At the molecular level, we demonstrated that IL-6 partially mediated osteoclastogenesis suppression by SeNPs. These results provide a new way for biomarkers or drug development to treat and even prevent bone metastases of breast cancer by using selenium donors.
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Zuccato, Jeffrey, Yasin Mamatjan, Kenneth Aldape, and Gelareh Zadeh. "CMET-32. DNA METHYLATION ALTERATIONS IN LUNG ADENOCARCINOMAS THAT DEVELOP BRAIN METASTASES." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (November 2019): vi58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.233.
Анотація:
Abstract INTRODUCTION The development of brain metastases from primary cancer profoundly impacts patient prognosis. Metastases are the most common adult brain tumor with up to one quarter of lung cancers developing metastases and median overall survival after metastasis being one year. Clinical factors do not reliably predict brain metastasis development and over 90% are identified after symptoms develop. DNA methylation signatures predict outcomes in other cancers and so identifying signatures that predict metastasis development may allow for treatment strategies that prevent development in high risk patients. METHODS Whole genome DNA-methylation profiling was undertaken on N=124 lung adenocarcinoma patients after bisulfite conversion of DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. In a randomly selected 70% training cohort, the most differentially methylated CpG sites between patients developing and not developing brain metastases were identified with p< 0.05. A generalized boosted regression model built on these selected features output brain metastasis risk scores for patients in the independent 30% testing cohort. RESULTS Brain metastases developed in 49/124 (39.5%) of patients and 2.3K CpG sites were significantly differentially methylated between patients developing and not developing metastases. Methylation-based brain metastasis risk scores predicted time to brain metastasis in a univariate cox regression model (HR=3.2, 95% CI 1.1–9.4, p=0.03). A corresponding area under the receiver operating characteristic curve at 52 months was 0.64. A multivariate cox analysis including tumor size and nodal status, representing the non-metastatic components of cancer stage, identified methylation score as the only independent predictor of brain metastasis (HR=4.3, 95%CI 1.1–17, p=0.038). CONCLUSIONS DNA methylation signatures in lung adenocarcinoma predict brain metastasis development independent of stage components, which classically predict patient outcome in cancer. Future work developing a comprehensive nomogram utilizing methylation scores together with other clinical factors to determine patient specific risk values may aid in treatment decisions and patient prognosis counselling.
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Casado, Crystal, Sydney Caputo, Ellen B. Jaeger, Albert Jang, Patrick L. Sweeney, Sree M. Lanka, Kanika Gupta, et al. "Genomic alterations in patients with prostate cancer with liver metastases." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2023): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.6_suppl.248.
Анотація:
248 Background: mCRPC patients with liver metastases have a poor prognosis and often progress rapidly on a variety of treatments. Previously, preliminary ctDNA analyses of mCRPC patients with liver metastases showed a range of commonly altered genes in patients with liver metastases (Ranasinghe et al; 2019). In this follow-up, we evaluated ctDNA alterations in an expanded cohort of mCRPC patients with liver metastases. Methods: From Tulane Cancer Center, retrospective review of mCRPC patients was used to identify patients with confirmed liver metastasis. All liver metastases were confirmed based on imaging data. All patients included had ctDNA evaluated with a multi-gene cancer panel via Guardant 360 assay (Guardant Health, Inc). Additional clinical annotation including family history, germline testing, staging, imaging, and laboratory values. Statistical analyses were performed with Fisher’s Exact and Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests. Results: 158 mCRPC patients with appropriate diagnostic imaging as well as ctDNA testing. From this group, 8% (n= 12) had confirmed liver metastases. Among the patients with liver metastasis, the most common alterations detected were in AR (50%; 6/12) and PIK3CA (25%; 3/12). Patients with liver metastasis were more likely to have amplifications in FGFR1 detected in their ctDNA (OR= 14.40; 95% C.I. (1.83, 113.22); p= 0.03). In addition to ctDNA, germline data was assessed, and it was found that patients with liver metastasis were more likely to have a pathogenic germline mutation (OR= 7.61; 95% C.I. (2.85, 20.31); p<.0001). The most common germline mutations detected in patients with liver metastasis were in BRCA2 (n= 3) and TP53 (n= 2). Conclusions: Though liver metastasis are less common in prostate cancer, it often occurs following extensive treatment and results in a poor prognosis for patients. In patients with liver metastasis, FGFR1 amplification was more often detected in ctDNA. Importantly, patients with liver metastasis were significantly more likely to have a pathogenic germline alteration.
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Svensson, Elisabeth, Christian F. Christiansen, Sinna P. Ulrichsen, Mikael R. Rørth, and Henrik T. Sørensen. "Survival after bone metastasis by primary cancer type: a Danish population-based cohort study." BMJ Open 7, no. 9 (September 2017): e016022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016022.
Анотація:
ObjectiveIn the 10 most common primary types with bone metastases, we aimed to examine survival, further stratifying on bone metastases only or with additional synchronous metastases.MethodsWe included all patients aged 18 years and older with incident hospital diagnosis of solid cancer between 1994 and 2010, subsequently diagnosed with BM until 2012. We followed patients from date of bone metastasis diagnosis until death, emigration or 31 December 2012, whichever came first. We computed 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival (%) and the corresponding 95% CIs stratified on primary cancer type. Comparing patients with bone metastasis only and patients with other synchronous metastases, we estimated crude and adjusted HRs and corresponding 95% CI for mortality.ResultsWe included 17 251 patients with bone metastasis. The most common primary cancer types with bone metastasis were prostate (34%), breast (22%) and lung (20%). One-year survival after bone metastasis diagnosis was lowest in patients with lung cancer (10%, 95% CI 9% to 11%) and highest in patients with breast cancer (51%, 50% to 53%). At 5 years of follow-up, only patients with breast cancer had over 10% survival (13%, 11% to 14%). The risk of mortality was increased for the majority of cancer types among patients with bone and synchronous metastases compared with bone only (adjusted relative risk 1.29–1.57), except for cervix, ovarian and bladder cancer.ConclusionsWhile patients with bone metastases after most primary cancers have poor survival, one of ten patients with bone metastasis from breast cancer survived 5 years.
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Saad Abdalla Al-Zawi, Abdalla, Andrzej Ratajczak, Philip Idaewor, Mohamed Elamass, Anita Lazarevska, Elizabeth Tan, Marina Barron, and Amira Asaad. "Primary lung cancer with metastasis to the ipsilateral breast-a case report." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 1 (December 23, 2017): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20175744.
Анотація:
The metastasis of extra-mammary malignancy to breast is extremely rare; literature reports the incidence between 0.4-1.3%. Primary sites include the contralateral breast, leukaemia, lymphoma, malignant melanoma, sarcoma, lung, prostate, ovary, colon and the stomach. Here we present a rare case in which lung cancer was found to metastasise to the breast. Initially the patient presented with chest symptoms and a left breast lump was detected clinically. The radiological and histological investigations confirmed the diagnosis of primary lung cancer with breast metastases. Prognosis of such cases is generally poor.
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Li, Yinghua, Danna Xie, Xiaojing Chen, Teng Hu, Simin Lu, and Yunwei Han. "Prognostic Value of the Site of Distant Metastasis and Surgical Interventions in Metastatic Gastric Cancer: A Population-Based Study." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 19 (January 1, 2020): 153303382096413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533033820964131.
Анотація:
Background: Studies on the prognostic significance of site-specific distant metastasis, multiple-site metastases, and the impact of surgery of the primary tumor and metastatic lesion on survival outcomes of patients with metastatic gastric cancer (GC) remain elusive. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of the site of distant metastasis among patients with metastatic GC. Furthermore, the effect of surgery of the primary tumor and metastatic lesion on the prognosis of metastatic GC was also analyzed. Methods: The data of 4,221 eligible patients, who were diagnosed with metastatic GC between 2010 and 2015, were identified from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between potential prognostic factors, including the site of metastasis and surgery, and survival of patients with metastatic GC. Overall survival (OS) and cause-specific survival (CSS) were determined using the Kaplan-Meier survival curves and differences were assessed using the Log-rank test. Results: Out of the total 4,221 GC patients with definite organ metastases, 3312 patients had single-site metastasis while 909 patients had multiple-site metastases. GC patients with single-site metastasis of liver or lung exhibited better CSS and OS compared to those with bone metastasis. Furthermore, GC patients with liver metastasis benefited from surgery of both the primary and metastatic lesions, while those with lung metastasis benefited from surgery of metastasis resection only. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that GC patients with single-site metastasis, well-differentiated tumors, GC patients who underwent surgery of the primary tumor and those who received chemotherapy exhibited favorable prognosis. Conclusions: The site of metastasis was an independent prognostic factor for metastatic GC. Surgery had survival benefits in certain cases of metastatic GC; however, further studies are warranted to clarify these benefits in carefully selected patients.
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Kim, Woo Young, Jeonghun Lee, and Euy-Young Soh. "Oral Presentation VI." World Journal of Endocrine Surgery 8, no. 1 (2016): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/wjoes-8-1-34.
Анотація:
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND AIMS Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most frequent subtype among thyroid cancers. Lymph node (LN) metastases are frequent in PTC and the incidence is 60% on average. Recent studies have shown that there has been an increase in the mortality or recurrence with LN metastases and that more than 5 metastatic LNs are clinically important. Therefore, we investigated clinicopathologic factors associated with clinically important LN metastases. METHODS From January 2010 to October 2013, we retrospectively enrolled 2,628 PTC patients who underwent thyroidectomy at Ajou University Hospital. Among 1,425 patients with LN metastasis, 325 had ≥ 5 LN metastases. RESULTS In univariate analysis, young age (< 45 year), male gender, capsular invasion, multiplicity, tumor size, and lymphovascular invasion (p < 0.001) were statistically associated with both LN metastasis and ≥ 5 LN metastases. However, Braking Action Fair (BRAF) mutation was not important to predict LN metastasis (p > 0.05). In multivariate analysis, lymphovascular invasion was the most important factor (odds ratio: 4.7, 4.0) among other clinicopathologic factors (odds ratio:< 2.1). CONCLUSION Braking Action Fair (BRAF) mutation was not useful to predict the LN metastasis. However, lymphovascular invasion was the most important factor to predict more than five cervical LN metastasis which is very important clinically.
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Wang, Jiasi, Yanpeng Chu, Jie Li, Tingjie Wang, Liangli Sun, Pingfei Wang, Xiangdong Fang, Fanwei Zeng, Junfeng Wang, and Fanxin Zeng. "The clinical value of carcinoembryonic antigen for tumor metastasis assessment in lung cancer." PeerJ 7 (August 7, 2019): e7433. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7433.
Анотація:
Background Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a diagnostic or prognostic marker has been widely studied in patients with lung cancer. However, the relationship between serum CEA and tumor metastasis in lung cancer remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the ability of serum CEA to assess tumor metastasis in lung cancer patients. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 238 patients diagnosed with lung cancer from January to December 2016 at pneumology department of Dazhou Central Hospital (Dazhou, China). Serum CEA levels were quantified in each patient at the time of diagnosis of lung cancer. Metastasis was confirmed by computed tomography (CT), and/or positron emission tomography (PET) and/or surgery or other necessary detecting methods. Results Of the 213 patients eligible for final analysis, 128 were diagnosed with metastasis and 85 were diagnosed without metastasis. Compared to non-metastatic patients, the serum CEA was markedly higher in patients with metastasis (p < 0.001), and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.724 (95% CI [0.654–0.793]). Subsequent analyses regarding the number and location of tumor metastases showed that CEA also had clinical value for multiple metastases versus single metastasis (AUC = 0.780, 95% CI [0.699–0.862]) and distant metastasis versus non-distant metastasis (AUC = 0.815, 95% CI [0.733–0.897]). In addition, we found that tumor size, histology diagnosis, age and gender had no impact on the assessment performance of CEA. Conclusion Our study suggested the serum CEA as a valuable marker for tumor metastases assessment in newly diagnosed lung cancer patients, which could have some implications in clinical application.
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Tanvetyanon, Tawee, Lary A. Robinson, Michael J. Schell, Vivian E. Strong, Rachna Kapoor, Daniel G. Coit, and Gerold Bepler. "Outcomes of Adrenalectomy for Isolated Synchronous Versus Metachronous Adrenal Metastases in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 26, no. 7 (March 1, 2008): 1142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.14.2091.
Анотація:
Purpose Several small studies have reported that an adrenalectomy for isolated adrenal metastasis in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), along with a surgical resection for the primary lung cancer, can be curative. However, some suggest that the survival outcome among patients with a synchronous metastasis is poor. It remains unclear whether this treatment approach is warranted among those with synchronous metastasis. Methods A search for publications on adrenalectomy for NSCLC was performed via the MEDLINE database. Studies reporting on survival outcomes and containing at least four analyzable patients who had surgery for primary lung cancer were included. Those not allowing separation of outcomes between synchronous and metachronous metastases were excluded. Synchronous metastasis was defined as a disease-free interval (DFI) of 6 months or less. Results There were 10 publications contributing 114 patients; 42% of patients had synchronous metastases and 58% had metachronous metastases. The median DFIs were 0 and 12 months, respectively. Patients in the synchronous group were younger than those in the metachronous group (median age 54 v 68 years). Complications from adrenalectomy were infrequent. Median overall survival was shorter for patients with synchronous metastasis than those with metachronous metastasis (12 months v 31 months, generalized Wilcoxon P value = .02). However, the 5-year survival estimates were equivalent at 26% and 25%, respectively. Conclusion For an isolated adrenal metastasis from NSCLC, patients with a synchronous metastasis who underwent adrenalectomy had a shorter median overall survival than those with a metachronous metastasis. However, a durable long-term survival is achieved in approximately 25% in both groups.
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Stanishevskiy, A. V., Sh Kh Gizatullin, A. V. Smolin, and E. V. Kryukov. "Surgical treatment of solitare brain metastases." Russian journal of neurosurgery 24, no. 2 (June 10, 2022): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1683-3295-2022-24-2-17-24.
Анотація:
Background. Brain metastasis occurs in 10–30 % of patients with different malignances. Despite of successes, achieved in the treatment of extracranial malignances in last decade, tendency to increase of the survival and duration of the disease-free period in patients with brain metastasis is absent. Several treatment modalities: chemotherapy, radiation, immune and target therapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, different types of surgical procedures, however, an optimal combination of these methods remain unclear.The aim of the study: to summarize experience of complex treatment of patients with brain metastases in hospital with opportunity of both surgical removal, chemo- and radiotherapy and review literature on the topic.Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis of medical data of patients with brain metastases performed with assessment of most frequent sources of metastases, there value, localization, median survival duration from metastasis revealing due to different types of therapy, main period of recurrences and hospital state duration, early and late complications. Inclusion criteria were: patients with surgical treatment of brain metastases, availability of medical data. Exclusion criteria were: multiple brain metastases, contraindications for surgical treatment, sensitive to chemo- and radiation therapy malignances (leukoses, lymphoma, germinative tumors etc.). The assessment of degree of metastasis resection was made by postop CT and MRI with intravenous enhancement or by operation records. Intraoperative florescence was used for evaluation of tumor borders. In case of localization of metastasis in sensory or motor zones intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring acquired. Few operations for metastasis localized in speech zones were made with «asleep–awake–asleep» method. Follow-up assessed by questioning of patients and their relatives. Statistical analyzes performed in IBM SPSS Statistics 23.Results. 52 patients meet criteria and were included to the study. Male to female ratio was 1 : 1, main age – 60 years. The most common sources of brain metastases were (in decreasing order) melanoma, lung cancer, kidney cancer, breast cancer, rectal cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer and uterus cancer. Two patients had 2 brain metastases at the time of assessment, other 50 – single. Most common localizations of brain metastases (in decreasing order) were: parietal lobe, frontal lobe, cerebellum hemispheres, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, ventricular system and brain meninges. In 46 % of cases metastases involves significant functional areas of brain. Median value of metastasis was 11 cm3; midline dislocation appeared in 65,4 % of cases; 6 patients have hemorrhage in the tumor, 2 – seizures, 2 – occlusive hydrocephalus. Main Karnofsky performance index – 73,8. Total resection performed in 84,6, subtotal resection – in 7,7 % of cases gross. Intraoperative fluorescence used in 73 %. In 10 cases metastasis localized in motor and sensory zones, all these cases were treat with intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. Postoperative hemiparesis noticed in 1 patient; 3 surgeries performed with awake; no aphasias mentioned. Follow-up was assessed in 44 patients, 20 of them were dead at the time of the study. An assessment of dependence of overall survival median on primary tumor morphology performed. Prognostic factors of brain metastases: its morphology and value, extent of resection, Karnofsky status and early complications.Conclusions. Most patients with brain metastasis are in satisfactory condition. Most frequent tumors which form brain metastasis: melanoma and lung cancer, they are characterized by poorer prognosis. Most metastasis are supratentorial, intracranial hypertension is obvious. Metastasis localization, time from its evaluation to surgery, significant functional areas involvement and primary tumor resection aren’t fluent on survival.
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Sajeevan, Sanjay, Biswajyoti Das, Yanpothung Yanthan, Naseef P. K., Sweety Gupta, Amit Gupta, Manishi L. Narayan, and Manoj Gupta. "Sacrum metastasis in carcinoma gall bladder: an unusual presentation." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 5 (April 27, 2020): 1884. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20201498.
Анотація:
Disseminated blood-borne metastases from carcinoma of the gall bladder are uncommon and usually occur late. The most common site of extra-abdominal metastasis is lung followed by brain. Skeletal metastases in carcinoma gall bladder are very rare. To date there have only been a few case reports of bone metastasis in carcinoma gall bladder at the time of presentation. Authors here present a rare case of carcinoma gall bladder that progressed to isolated sacrum metastasis.