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Готові списки джерел за темами / Multilayer film structure / Статті в журналах

Щоб переглянути інші типи публікацій з цієї теми, перейдіть за посиланням: Multilayer film structure.

Статті в журналах з теми "Multilayer film structure"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 28 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Lai, Bo, Runze Qi, Zengbo Zhang, and Zhanshan Wang. "Study of Optical Performance and Structure of Yb/Al (1.5 wt.% Si) and Yb/Al (Pure) Multilayers Designed for the 73.6 nm Range." Coatings 14, no. 6 (2024): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14060659.

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Анотація:

Yb/Al multilayer films exhibit excellent theoretical reflectivity in the 54–90 nm wavelength range. This study attempted to incorporate 1.5% wt.% of Si impurities into Al to suppress the crystallization of Al, reduce interfacial roughness, and enhance the actual reflectivity of the prepared Yb/Al multilayer films. Internal microstructure changes in the film layers before and after Si impurity doping were investigated using GIXRR, AFM, and XRD techniques. The reflectivity of two types of multilayer films, Yb/Al (1.5 wt.% Si) and Yb/Al (pure), was tested to evaluate the effect of Si impurity on

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2

Guo, Dong, Wu Shuai Zheng, Teng Long Huang, Shu Ling Zhang, and Feng Guo. "Friction and Wear Properties of Multilayer Films Designed on Tantalum Substrate." Materials Science Forum 1078 (December 22, 2022): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-l75xgh.

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In this paper, a titanium nitride film (TiN) monolayer film was deposited on a pure Tantalum (Ta) substrate with Ti as an intermediate layer by magnetron sputtering technique, and a Ta/Ti/DLC (diamond-like carbon)/Ti/TiN/DLC multilayer film was designed. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the film structure and morphology. Friction and wear properties of Ta/Ti/TiN monolayer film and Ta/Ti/DLC/Ti/TiN/DLC multilayer film were analyzed by UMT-3 tester. The results show that the surface of multilayer film is denser and better bonded than TiN monolayer film. Un

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3

Wojcik, Tomasz, Vincent Ott, Sedat Özbilen, et al. "Magnetron sputtered NiAl/TiB_x multilayer thin films." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 40, no. 3 (2022): 033410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0001734.

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Transition metal diboride-based thin films are currently receiving strong interest in fundamental and applied research. Multilayer thin films based on transition metal diborides are, however, not yet explored in detail. This study presents results on the constitution and microstructure of multilayer thin films composed of TiBx and the intermetallic compound NiAl. Single layer NiAl and TiBx and NiAl/TiBx multilayer thin films with a variation of the individual layer thickness and bilayer period were deposited by D.C. and R.F. magnetron sputtering on silicon substrates. The impact of the operati

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4

Wojcik, Tomasz, Vincent Ott, Sedat Özbilen, et al. "Magnetron sputtered NiAl/TiB_x multilayer thin films." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 40, no. 3 (2022): 033410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0001734.

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Анотація:

Transition metal diboride-based thin films are currently receiving strong interest in fundamental and applied research. Multilayer thin films based on transition metal diborides are, however, not yet explored in detail. This study presents results on the constitution and microstructure of multilayer thin films composed of TiBx and the intermetallic compound NiAl. Single layer NiAl and TiBx and NiAl/TiBx multilayer thin films with a variation of the individual layer thickness and bilayer period were deposited by D.C. and R.F. magnetron sputtering on silicon substrates. The impact of the operati

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5

Kang, Jihye, Dongsu Park, Donghun Lee, et al. "Enhanced Electrical Properties of AZO/IZO Multilayered Thin Film with Post Laser Annealing Process." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 3 (2021): 1971–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.18913.

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In this research, alternative deposition process of ZnO-based thin films have been studied for transparent conducting oxide (TCO) application. To improve the electrical and optical properties of transparent oxide thin films, alternatively stacked Al-doped ZnO and In-doped ZnO thin films were investigated. Multilayer structure of alternative 6 layers of thin films were prepared in this research. Especially, Aluminum and Indium were chosen as dopant materials. Thin films of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) and In-doped ZnO (IZO) were alternatively deposited by spin coating with sol-gel method. After depositio

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6

Zuev S. Yu., Lopatin A. Ya., Luchin V. I., et al. "Comparative study of the thermal stability of Be-based extremeultraviolet pellicles." Technical Physics 92, no. 1 (2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tp.2022.01.52535.197-21.

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We demonstrate the possibility of manufacturing Be-basedultrathin films with high transmission at wavelengths of 11.4 and 13.5 nm. For free-standing films of Be and Be-based multilayer structures (Si/Be,ZrSi2/Be, Be/BexNy, Zr/Be, Ru/Be, Mo/Be), we determine the thresholds of theabsorbed power at which over a short period (tens of minutes) of vacuumannealing, initially sagging free-standing films became visibly stretchedover the hole. Of the film structures tested here, the Be/BexNy structure(with beryllium nitride interlayers) showed the highest threshold for theabsorbed power (1 W/cm2). Howev

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7

Liu, Yen-Chun, Shih-Nan Hsiao, Ying-Hung Chen, Ping-Yen Hsieh, and Ju-Liang He. "High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputter-Deposited Chromium-Based Coatings for Corrosion Protection." Coatings 13, no. 12 (2023): 2101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13122101.

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The use of high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) to deposit chromium-based thin films on brass substrates for the purpose of corrosion-protective coating was investigated. By varying the process parameters (pulse frequency, pulse width and N2 flow rate) and structure design, including single-layer and multilayer structures, the obtained results revealed that the Cr-N films deposited through the use of HIPIMS exhibited higher film density and corrosion resistance compared to traditional direct-current magnetron sputtering. Based on the results of a field test using copper-accelerated

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8

Erwin, Erwin. "Studies on Structural and Magnetic Properties in Co/Sm Multilayers." Jurnal Natur Indonesia 13, no. 1 (2012): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jnat.13.1.13-20.

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Co/Sm multilayer films with structure of 20 [Co (x nm)/Sm (1.2 nm)] where x = 1.1, 2.2 and 4.2 nm and 20[Co (4.2nm)/Sm (x nm)] where x=1.2 nm to 7.5 nm were fabricated using dc magnetron sputtering. Each multilayer filmconsisted of 20 bilayers of Co layers with various thicknesses sandwiched with Sm layers. The application of lowangle X-ray diffraction measurements to the characterization of these multilayers is described. The periodiclayered structure with sharp interfaces was observed for all multilayer films. The measured magnetization valuesare lower than the values calculated in terms of

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9

Suzuki, Ryo, Shinji Ishihara, Mitsuru Ohtake, and Masaaki Futamoto. "Fabrication of Tips for Magnetic Force Microscopy Employing Magnetic Multilayer Structures." Key Engineering Materials 605 (April 2014): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.605.465.

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Magnetic force microscope (MFM) tips are prepared by coating Si tips of 4 nm radius with [Co (1 nm)/M(1 nm)]20 (M = Pt, Pd, Ni) multilayer films. An MFM tip prepared by coating 40-nm-thick Co film is employed as a reference tip. The influences of M layer material on the spatial resolution and the switching field of MFM tip are investigated. The spatial resolutions of Co/M multilayer coated tips are estimated to be within 9.4 ± 0.3 nm for all the M materials, which is about 6% inferior to that of Co coated tip (8.8 nm). Higher switching fields of 1425 and 825 Oe are respectively observed for th

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10

Tian, Jun, and Zi Qiong Shi. "PVD Preparation Process of (TiN + CrN) / CrAlN Superhard Nanocomposite Multilayer Coatings." Advanced Materials Research 568 (September 2012): 368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.568.368.

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In this study, multi-source multi-target evaporation-sputtering PVD technology to prepare (TiN + CrN) / CrAlN nanocomposite multilayers, accurate modulation of the composition and structure of the coating can effectively reduce the stress in the coating in order to achieve (TiN + CrN) / CrAlN nano-composite multilayer dielectric films optimized design, to reach a good overall performance. (TiN + CrN) / CrAlN superhard nanocomposite multilayer coatings on the surface of tools and molds with carbide and high-speed tool steel materials, followed by the TiN film; (TiN + CrN) film, in the TiN relat

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11

Fu, Yanlong, Tengfei He, Wu Yang, et al. "Structure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of MoSN/MoS2 Multilayer Films." Coatings 9, no. 2 (2019): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9020108.

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MoSN/MoS2 multilayer films were deposited by a sputtering MoS2 target in alternate Ar and Ar/N2 mixed atmospheres with different nitrogen flow rates. The influence of nitrogen flow rates on the microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of the prepared films were investigated. The multilayer film exhibited the preferred orientation of (002) plane for MoS2 sublayers and amorphous structure for MoSN sublayers. Introducing N2 into the source gas resulted in a much more compact structure for multilayer films due to the suppression of columnar growth of MoS2 film. With the increase of t

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12

Conte, Amalia, Lucia Lecce, Mariapia Iannetti, and Matteo Alessandro Del Nobile. "Study on the Influence of Bio-Based Packaging System on Sodium Benzoate Release Kinetics." Foods 9, no. 8 (2020): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9081010.

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The influence of film structure on the release kinetics of sodium benzoate (SB) from polymeric films is addressed in this study. In particular, four film structures were investigated, two monolayer and two multilayer systems. In particular, in one case, the active substance was uniformly distributed into a chitosan-based matrix, and in the other one, it was previously incorporated into alginate beads before dispersion in the chitosan film, thus realizing two types of monolayer films; on the other hand, the same chitosan film with SB encapsulated in alginate beads was used as the inner layer of

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13

Seyhan, Ayşe, and Emre Kartal. "Optical, Electrical and Structural Properties of ITO/IZO and IZO/ITO Multilayer Transparent Conductive Oxide Films Deposited via Radiofrequency Magnetron Sputtering." Coatings 13, no. 10 (2023): 1719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13101719.

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In this study, we investigated the potential of multilayer TCO structures, specifically those made up of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), for crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells (SHJ). We used the radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering method to deposit various thin-film structures under various deposition temperatures and evaluated their electrical, optical, and morphological properties. The objective was to obtain films with lower sheet resistances and higher transmittances than those of single-layer thin films. Our results show that the ITO/IZO/ITO/IZO/ITO mu

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14

Buznikov, Nikita A., and Galina V. Kurlyandskaya. "Magnetoimpedance in Symmetric and Non-Symmetric Nanostructured Multilayers: A Theoretical Study." Sensors 19, no. 8 (2019): 1761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081761.

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Intensive studies of the magnetoimpedance (MI) effect in nanostructured multilayers provide a good phenomenological basis and theoretical description for the symmetric case when top and bottom layers of ferromagnet/conductor/ferromagnet structure have the same thickness and consist of one magnetic layer each. At the same time, there is no model to describe the MI response in multilayered films. Here, we propose the corresponding model and analyze the influence of the multilayer parameters on the field and frequency dependences of the MI. The approach is based on the calculation of the field di

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15

You, Yu, Akihiko Ito, Rong Tu та Takashi Goto. "Preparation of α-Al₂O₃/TiN Multilayer Coating on Ti(C,N)-Based Cermet by Laser CVD". Key Engineering Materials 484 (липень 2011): 188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.484.188.

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α-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3/TiN multilayer films were prepared on Ti(C,N)-based cermet substrate by laser chemical vapor deposition.α-Al2O3 and NaCl-type TiN films were prepared at Tdep = 1148 K. α-Al2O3/TiN multilayer film showed dense structure of cross section, and its surface morphology consisted of aggregated spherical grains. The adhesion of α-Al2O3/TiN multilayer film prepared on Ti(C,N)-based cermet was higher as compared with α-Al2O3 film directly prepared on the cermet.

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16

Van Huy, Vu, Nikolai B. Rodionov, Valery A. Karpov, Ngo Thanh Binh, Doan Thanh Van, and Nguyen Van Thanh. "Evaluation of Corrosion Resistance of TiN and CrN Films Coated on SS304 Stainless Steel Using Cathodic Arc Deposition." Tribology in Industry 3, no. 46 (2024): 511–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24874/ti.1641.03.24.06.

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Monolayer (TiN/Ti) and multilayer films (TiN/Ti; CrN/Ti, TiN/CrN/Ti) with an average thickness of 2300 nm were deposited on SS304 steel using the cathodic arc deposition method. Analysis revealed the presence of numerous macroparticles (peaks) and pinholes (valleys) uniformly distributed across the surface. The monolayer film exhibited superior surface quality compared to the multilayer films but demonstrated poor adhesion to the substrate. X-ray diffraction spectroscopy detected a noticeable shift in the preferred orientation of the deposited film, transitioning from (111) to (200) when emplo

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17

Oshiro, Tammy, Arnie Backstrom, Ann-Marie Cumberlidge, et al. "Nanomechanical properties of ordered phthalocyanine Langmuir–Blodgett layers." Journal of Materials Research 19, no. 5 (2004): 1461–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2004.0195.

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The mechanical properties of monolayer and multilayer structures of several symmetrically substituted alkoxy copper phthalocyanine, CuPc(OR)8, Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films were evaluated. One-dimensional compliance of the monolayers was determined from the slopes of the surface pressure–area isotherms. Multilayers were examined using a SPM and a commercial nanoindentation system. The nanomechanical studies show a distinct relationship between the position and length of alkoxy substituents on the Pc macrocycle and the LB film elasticity and hardness. The phthalocyanine complexes with peripheral

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18

Benbow, Natalie L., Samuel Karpiniec, Marta Krasowska, and David A. Beattie. "Incorporation of FGF-2 into Pharmaceutical Grade Fucoidan/Chitosan Polyelectrolyte Multilayers." Marine Drugs 18, no. 11 (2020): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18110531.

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Biopolymer polyelectrolyte multilayers are a commonly studied soft matter system for wound healing applications due to the biocompatibility and beneficial properties of naturally occurring polyelectrolytes. In this work, a popular biopolymer, chitosan, was combined with the lesser known polysaccharide, fucoidan, to create a multilayer film capable of sequestering growth factor for later release. Fucoidan has been shown to act as a heparin-mimic due to similarities in the structure of the two molecules, however, the binding of fibroblast growth factor-2 to fucoidan has not been demonstrated in

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19

Fedosyuk, V. M. "MAGNETIC NANOMATERIALS AND NANOSTRUCTURES. TRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 63, no. 2 (2018): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2018-63-2-135-149.

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There are analyzed creation and development of magnetic nanomaterials and nanostructures, films with a columnar type of crystal structure, multilayer film structures, nanocomposites, granular alloys and nanowires. The methodics of obtaining, structure, magnetic and magnetoresistive properties of three types of nanowires – multilayered and granular ones and the ones of spin-valve type are discussed. It is shown that multilayer film coatings with very thin (< 1 nm) alternating magnetic and nonmagnetic layers behave like films of granular alloys. It is emphasized that the films of granular Cu–

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20

Visokay, Mark R. "Microstructure and magneto-optic properties of unannealed and annealed Fe/Pt and Co/Pt multilayers." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 1042–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100151040.

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Two requirements for magneto-optical storage media are remanent perpendicular magnetization and large magneto-optic Kerr rotations. Several film structures and material systems have been proposed for this purpose, including amorphous rare earth-transition metal alloys, Co/Pt multilayer films and Co/Pt alloys. Another structure that has potential for magneto-optic applications are thin films of ordered alloys based on the Llo structure, with two possible materials systems being Fe/Pt and Co/Pt. Ordered CoPt and FePt both adopt the Llo crystal structure, are ferromagnetic, and are magnetically e

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21

Tibaijuka, Justine J., Margaret E. Samiji, Mmantsae Diale, and Nuru R. Mlyuka. "Effects of Multilayer Structure on the Microstructure and Optical Properties of the DC Sputtered Chromium Thin Films for Selective Solar Absorber Applications." Tanzania Journal of Science 48, no. 3 (2022): 660–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjs.v48i3.13.

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Chromium thin films exhibit several properties that make them potential for solar thermal applications. In this work the effect of film thickness and sputtering power based multilayer structure on the optical properties of DC sputtered chromium thin films is reported. The structural, topological, and optical properties of these films were determined by X-ray diffractometer, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared spectrophotometer, respectively. XRD spectra revealed a single peak with preferential orientation of (200) and (210) for single layer and multilayer chromium fi

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22

Ruddell, David E., Brian R. Stoner, and Jeffrey Y. Thompson. "Transmission electron microscopy study of the structure of radio frequency sputter-deposited yttria-stabilized zirconia thin films." Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 1 (2003): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2003.0027.

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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to investigate the structural properties of sputter-deposited yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin films. YSZ films were deposited over a range of temperatures and background oxygen levels. Additionally, a multilayered structure was produced by cyclic application of a substrate bias. Plan-view TEM showed that temperature and oxygen levels did not have a significant effect on grain size but did alter the phases present in the thin films. Cross-sectional TEM showed the development of texture in the multilayer film, both within the individual layer

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23

Wang, Weiqi, Xiaoming Ling, Rui Wang, Wenhao Nie, Li Ji, and Hongxuan Li. "Structure and Characterization of TiC/GLC Multilayered Films with Various Bilayers Periods." Coatings 11, no. 7 (2021): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070787.

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The spontaneously self-organizing multilayered graphite-like carbon (denoted as GLC) /TiC films with various bilayer periods in the range of 13.3–17.5 nm were deposited on silicon and 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N stainless steel substrates using closed field magnetron sputtering deposition facility. The microstructures and chemical compositions of the prepared multilayered films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy respectively. The self-organizing multilayered structures in all of the films

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24

Lloyd, S. J., J. E. Pitchford, J. M. Molina-Aldareguia, Z. H. Barber, M. G. Blamire, and W. J. Clegg. "Nanoindentation in Tin/Nbn Multilayers and Thin Films Examined Using Transmission Electron Microscopy." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (1999): 776–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600017207.

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Nanoindentation allows the hardness of thin coatings and synthetic multilayer structures to be measured, since indentation depths can be as little as a few 10s of nm. In combination with the cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis described here it is possible to observe the deformation structure under an indent, and potentially to understand deformation mechanisms on a nm scale in a wide variety of materials. Synthetic multilayers are a particularly interesting system to investigate. Variations in hardness with the multilayer compositional repeat distance (A) have been

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25

Shi, Xinwei, Jing Li, Jingyu Zhu, et al. "Study of composite TiN/Ag/Cu2O/TiO2 with improved photocatalytic performance." Processing and Application of Ceramics 15, no. 3 (2021): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac2103246s.

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TiO2 film has the advantage of good photochemical stability and it can be used for self-cleaning glasses. However, due to the wide band gap, the spectral response range of TiO2 film is restricted to the ultraviolet region. In this work, based on the research of TiO2 thin films, multilayer TiN/Ag/Cu2O/TiO2 films were designed and successfully prepared. The structure and properties of the obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, spectral ellipsometry (SE), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer. The results show that p-n heterojunction will be formed betw

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26

LI, WENMING, HAO GONG, JIANLING CAI, and YUMING WANG. "X-RAY ANALYSIS AND MICROHARDNESS CHARACTERIZATION OF TiN/Ti MULTILAYERS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 01n02 (2002): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979202009755.

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Анотація:

TiN/Ti multilayers have been grown by using Hollow Cathode Discharge (HCD) ion plating and studied by x-ray diffraction analysis. Low-angle diffraction profile indicated the quasi-periodic structure. The parameters of the multilayer microstructure were obtained through x-ray double-line analysis on the high-angle profile. The results of the subgrain size D eff showed that the multilayer structure lead to grain refining. The microhardness of TiN was calculated following the idea of evaluating thin film microhardness by crystal plastic deformation. It was revealed that the multilayer microhardne

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27

Spinella, N., C. Galati, and L. Renna. "Inkjet Printing of Controlled ZnO Nanoparticles Layering." Journal of Materials and Applications 8, no. 1 (2019): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jma.2019.8.1.34.

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Controlled layering of functional material can produced a versatile film with specific chemical and physical proprieties for desirable applications. This article presented inkjet multilayer structures of ZnO nanoparticles of specific layer morphology and thickness for the development of devices where a high surface-to-volume ratio is required (e.g. micro gas sensors). Stacked multilayers were stratified through a multi-run printing process suitable to produce large-square pattern on flat silicon support. The formation of a multilayer structure was demonstrate through an extended structural cha

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28

Chen, Di Chun, Hong Tao Li, Hui Gong, Xiao Ping Wang, and Jing Hua Yao. "Influence of Doping Element Crystal Structure on the Microstructure of Cr Films by Magnetron Sputtering." Key Engineering Materials 723 (December 2016): 464–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.723.464.

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Cr films with different doping elements were deposited onto silicon wafer by magnetron sputtering. The microstructure and preferred orientation of Cr films were analyzed by TEM and XRD. The results show that the doping element W with bcc structure can strongly inhibit preferred orientation growth trend along (110) crystal plane of Cr film. A nano-multilayer structure is easily formed in the film, which is composed of Cr and W single layer. The doping element Al with fcc structure can strongly inhibit preferred orientation growth trend along all crystal planes of Cr film. The average grain size

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29

Kamiko, Masao, and Ryoichi Yamamoto. "Surfactant-Mediated Epitaxial Growth of Metallic Thin Films." Advanced Materials Research 117 (June 2010): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.117.55.

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The effects of several surfactants on the homoepitaxial and heteroepitaxial growth of metallic films and multilayers have been studied and compared. Our measurements clearly revealed that pre-deposition of a small amount of surfactant prior to the adatom deposition changed thin film growth mode and structure. The pre-deposited surfactant enhanced layer-by-layer (LBL) growth of the homoepitaxial and heteroepitaxial growth of metallic films. The surfactant also enhanced the epitaxial growth of metallic multilayer.

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30

Simões, S., F. Viana, A. S. Ramos, M. T. Vieira, and M. F. Vieira. "TEM Characterization of As-Deposited and Annealed Ni/Al Multilayer Thin Film." Microscopy and Microanalysis 16, no. 6 (2010): 662–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192761009392x.

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AbstractReactive multilayer thin films that undergo highly exothermic reactions are attractive choices for applications in ignition, propulsion, and joining systems. Ni/Al reactive multilayer thin films were deposited by dc magnetron sputtering with a period of 14 nm. The microstructure of the as-deposited and heat-treated Ni/Al multilayers was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) in plan view and in cross section. The cross-section samples for TEM and STEM were prepared by focused ion beam lift-out technique. TEM analysis indic

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31

Xie, Jian Sheng, Ping Luan, and Jin Hua Li. "Multilayer Synthesized CuInSi Composite Film by Magnetron Sputtering." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 2770–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.2770.

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Using magnetron sputtering technology, the CuInSi nanocomposite thin films were prepared by multilayer synthesized method. The structure of CuInSi nanocomposite films was detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD), the peak of main crystal phase is at 2θ=42.180°; the morphology of the film surface was studied by SEM. The SEM images show that the crystalline of the film prepared by multilayer synthesized method was granulated, differed from the needle shape which was the morphology of the CuInSi film prepared by magnetron co-sputtering.

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32

Hou, Qiupeng, Xiwen Wang, and Arthur J. Ragauskas. "Dynamic Self-Assembly of Polyelectrolyte Composite Nanomaterial Film." Polymers 11, no. 8 (2019): 1258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11081258.

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The aim of this study is not only to investigate the feasibility of using PAH (polyallylamine hydrochloride) and PSS (poly styrene-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt) to prepare a film via a layer by layer self-assembly process entrained with silver nanoparticles, but also to show that the silver nanoparticles crystalline structure can be defined and deposited on the surface of the substrate in the desired alignment structure and manner, which is of great help to research on the LBL method in the cellulose field. The effect of outermost layer variation, assembly layers, and composition of multilayers

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33

Buznikov, Nikita A., and Galina V. Kurlyandskaya. "A Model for the Magnetoimpedance Effect in Non-Symmetric Nanostructured Multilayered Films with Ferrogel Coverings." Sensors 21, no. 15 (2021): 5151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155151.

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Magnetoimpedance (MI) biosensors for the detection of in-tissue incorporated magnetic nanoparticles are a subject of special interest. The possibility of the detection of the ferrogel samples mimicking the natural tissues with nanoparticles was proven previously for symmetric MI thin-film multilayers. In this work, in order to describe the MI effect in non-symmetric multilayered elements covered by ferrogel layer we propose an electromagnetic model based on a solution of the 4Maxwell equations. The approach is based on the previous calculations of the distribution of electromagnetic fields in

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34

Radziszewska, Agnieszka. "Structure and Morphology of Thin Films Deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique." Solid State Phenomena 186 (March 2012): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.186.160.

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The paper presented the structure (TEM), morphology and chemical composition (EDS) of the -Al-Mg thin films and Al-Mg-Ni multilayer obtained by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). This films were deposited using Nd:YAG laser. The different process parameters were applied. The Al-Mg film was obtained by application of the laser wavelength (=355 nm) and substrate temperature (Ts) 200 oC. Whereas the Al-Mg-Ni multilayer was produced at lower laser wavelength (=266 nm) and at room temperature of the substrate. For preparation of both films the same laser fluence (q=4.7 J/cm2) was used. The Al-Mg pos

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35

Lei, Fan, Qin Ye, Shuang Yang, and Qiubo Fu. "Study on Electrical Explosion Properties of Cu/Ni Multilayer Exploding Foil Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering and Electroplating." Micromachines 11, no. 5 (2020): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11050528.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the microstructure and properties of Cu/Ni multilayer films prepared by magnetron sputtering and electroplating on the electrical explosion performance of the films. In this study, Cu/Ni multilayer films of the same thickness were prepared by electroplating (EP) and magnetron sputtering (MS), and their morphology and crystal structure were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). XRD was used to observe the crystal structure and size of the samples. In addition, the Cu/Ni multilay

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36

Fan, Xiaowu, Mi-Kyoung Park, Chuanjun Xia, and Rigoberto Advincula. "Surface Structural Characterization and Mechanical Testing by Nanoindentation Measurements of Hybrid Polymer/clay Nanostructured Multilayer Films." Journal of Materials Research 17, no. 7 (2002): 1622–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2002.0240.

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Nanostructured montmorillonite/poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) multilayer thin films were fabricated up to 100 layers thick by stepwise alternating polyelectrolyte and clay deposition from solution. The structure and morphology of the films were characterized by x-ray diffraction, ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy, and quartz crystal microbalance ex situ and in situ measurements. The mechanical properties were tested by nanoindentation. The hardness of the multilayer thin film was 0.46 GPa. The thin film's modulus was correlated to its ordering and anisotropic structure. Both hardne

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37

Зуев, С. Ю., А. Я. Лопатин, В. И. Лучин та ін. "Сравнительное исследование термостойкости пелликлов на основе бериллия". Журнал технической физики 92, № 1 (2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2022.01.51857.197-21.

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We demonstrate the possibility of manufacturing Be-based ultrathin films with high transmission at wavelengths of 11.4 and 13.5 nm. For free-standing films of Be and Be-based multilayer structures (Si/Be, ZrSi2/Be, Be/BexNy, Zr/Be, Ru/Be, Mo/Be), we determine the thresholds of the absorbed power at which over a short period (tens of minutes) of vacuum annealing, initially sagging free-standing films became visibly stretched over the hole. Of the film structures tested here, the Be/BexNy structure (with beryllium nitride interlayers) showed the highest threshold for the absorbed power (1 W/cm2)

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38

Weitao, Zhou, Huang Haitao, Du Shan, Huo Yingdong, He Jianxin, and Cui JianxinShizhong. "Layer-by-Layer Structured Membranes of Silk Fibroin and Polyethylenimine on Electrospun Silk Fibroin Nanofibers." Open Materials Science Journal 8, no. 1 (2014): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874088x01408010081.

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Self-assembled silk fibroin (SF)-polyethylenimine (PEI) multilayered films were fabricated on ethanol treated electrospun SF nanofibrous substrates via the electrostatic layer-by-layer (LBL) adsorption. The film coated membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectrophotometer (XPS). The SEM images showed that the multilayers of SF-PEI were formed on the surface of the ethanol treated SF nanofibres. The characteristics such as the fiber shape and porous structure were well maintained as the number of t

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39

Kino, Rikako, Toshiyuki Ikoma, Shunji Yunoki, et al. "Biodegradation of Multilayer Silk Fibroin and Hydroxyapatite Composite Material." Key Engineering Materials 309-311 (May 2006): 1169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.309-311.1169.

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Silk fibroin (SF) films containing 5wt% of CaCl2 were prepared by a cast-film method from the degummed SF and then immersed into the simulated body fluid (SBF) to deposit hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystals. The multilayer film of HAp and SF (5-layers), and pure SF film (4-layers) were prepared by a thermo-compression method at 130 °C and 3MPa for 4min. The ratio of β-sheet structure against other structures in both samples showed almost same value of 55.8% and 55.1%. The swelling ratio and in vitro biodegradation were examined by incubating in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with and without protea

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40

Mesić, Mia, Tin Klačić, Anže Abram, Klemen Bohinc, and Davor Kovačević. "Role of Substrate Type in the Process of Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Formation." Polymers 14, no. 13 (2022): 2566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14132566.

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Polyelectrolyte multilayers are coatings formed by the alternate deposition of polycations and polyanions on a charged surface. In this study we examined how the type of substrate affects a multilayer prepared from poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(acrylic acid). Silicon and titanium wafers were used as substrates. Their properties were systematically studied using ellipsometry, tensiometry, atomic force microscopy and streaming potential measurements. Multilayers were built up at pH = 7 with tetramethylammonium chloride as the background salt. The growth of films was monitored by ellips

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41

Saqier, Yehejong, Bai Narsu, Yi'ao Jia, and Naren Gerile. "General Theory of Nano Trilayer Film Bending." Solid State Phenomena 341 (March 15, 2023): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-75b44z.

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Multilayer sheets or films have many potential applications in micro-nanoelectromechanical systems. When surface and scale effects are not considered, the bending of multilayer film systems can theoretically be discussed by the classical Stoney formula or Timoshenko formula. When the system has anisotropic surface stress or mismatch strain, the four-parameter bending model proposed by Narsu et al. can be used. However, if the thickness of the film is several nanometers and the bending radius of curvature is less than 1micron, the existing theoretical model is no longer applicable. For this rea

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42

Sydow, Steffen, Armin Aniol, Christoph Hadler, and Henning Menzel. "Chitosan–Azide Nanoparticle Coating as a Degradation Barrier in Multilayered Polyelectrolyte Drug Delivery Systems." Biomolecules 9, no. 10 (2019): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9100573.

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Therapeutics, proteins or drugs, can be encapsulated into multilayer systems prepared from chitosan (CS)/tripolyphosphat (TPP) nanogels and polyanions. Such multilayers can be built-up by Layer-by-Layer (LbL) deposition. For use as drug-releasing implant coating, these multilayers must meet high requirements in terms of stability. Therefore, photochemically crosslinkable chitosan arylazide (CS–Az) was synthesized and nanoparticles were generated by ionotropic gelation with TPP. The particles were characterized with regard to particle size and stability and were used to form the top-layer in mu

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43

Liu, Huan, Yingxin Yang, Atsha Ambar, Zhiqiang Fan, Ying Sun, and Cong Wang. "Cost-Effective Inorganic Multilayer Film for High-Performance Daytime Radiative Cooling." Materials 18, no. 8 (2025): 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18081729.

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Inorganic multilayer films for radiative cooling have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional resistance to photothermal degradation. However, the design and fabrication of structurally simple and cost-effective inorganic multilayer films remain challenging due to limitations in material properties and the preparation process. This study develops a structurally simple inorganic multilayer film (Si3N4/SiO2/Al2O3/Si3N4/Al) for daytime radiative cooling. Instead of the conventional periodic alternation of high and low refractive indices (H-L…H-L), this work proposes a H-L-L-H symm

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44

Qian, Zheng Hua, Feng Jin, Zi Kun Wang, and Kikuo Kishimoto. "The Horizontally Polarized Shear Waves in Multilayered Piezo-Composites with 2-2 Connectivity." Key Engineering Materials 261-263 (April 2004): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.261-263.465.

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Following the advances in structural applications, composite structures are being used commonly in transducer applications to improve acoustic, mechanical and electrical performance of piezoelectric devices. Functional composite transducers for sensors and actuators generally consist of ceramics and polymers, the disadvantage of the brittleness nature of the piezoelectric ceramics can be overcome and the structures especially good for sensing can be allowed for building up. Propagation behavior of horizontally polarized shear waves (SH-waves) in piezoelectric ceramic-polymer composites with 2-

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45

Rayerfrancis, Arokiyadoss, Balaji P. Bhargav, Nafis Ahmed, Chandra Balaji, and Ganesh Kumar. "Effect of Ag incorporation on the electrical and optical properties of AZO/Ag/AZO multilayer transparent conducting electrode." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 82, no. 2 (2018): 20301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2018170369.

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Silver (Ag) incorporated aluminium doped zinc oxide (AZO) based multilayer films were fabricated for transparent conducting electrode applications. AZO and Ag thin film layers were deposited using direct current magnetron sputtering system without breaking the vacuum. By carefully optimizing the thickness of the metal layer, the minimum sheet resistance of 6 Ω/square was achieved with 70% of transmission in the visible wavelength region. The surface morphology of the film was studied with atomic force microscope mapping in 5 µm × 5 µm area of the multilayer structure. The significance of the A

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46

Zuev, V. D., A. A. Ryzhov, S. A. Gurin, A. E. Shepeleva, M. D. Novichkov, and P. A. Gurin. "Vacuum Deposition of Multilayer Thin-Film Resistive Structures with Temperature Self-Compensation for Ultra-Precision Chip-Resistors." LETI Transactions on Electrical Engineering & Computer Science 18, no. 1 (2025): 5–13. https://doi.org/10.32603/2071-8985-2025-18-1-5-13.

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The main modes of obtaining and stabilizing multilayer thin-film resistive structures with temperature self-compensation, which allows to achieve a TCS value no more than ±2 · 10–6 and a resistance instability of no more than ±(0.01...0.02) %, are presented. The alloy X20H75YU, as well as K-20C and K-30C kermets, were chosen as nichrome-based resistive films. The resistive layer is a two-layer structure, which is obtained in a single technological cycle in a vacuum from two highly stable materials with positive and negative TCS. The studies results of the electrophysical characteristics of TPR

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47

Hernández-García, Eva, María Vargas, and Sergio Torres-Giner. "Quality and Shelf-Life Stability of Pork Meat Fillets Packaged in Multilayer Polylactide Films." Foods 11, no. 3 (2022): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11030426.

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In the present study, the effectiveness of a multilayer film of polylactide (PLA), fully bio-based and compostable, was ascertained to develop a novel sustainable packaging solution for the preservation of fresh pork meat. To this end, the multilayer PLA films were first characterized in terms of their thermal characteristics, structure, mechanical performance, permeance to water and aroma vapors and oxygen, and optical properties and, for the first time, compared with two commercial high-barrier multilayer packaging films. Thereafter, the multilayers were thermosealed to package fillets of fr

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48

Liu, Chien Cheng, Ming Hang Weng, Chien Tang Wang, Jheng Hong Chen, Yung Chih Chou, and Huai Wei Yaw. "An Investigation of Structure and Wear Properties of TiN/NbN Films Deposited by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering." Key Engineering Materials 368-372 (February 2008): 1310–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.1310.

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TiN/NbN multilayers on steel substrates (SKD11) are produced using DC magnetron sputtering process. The multilayer obtained are characterized in composition by means of X-ray diffraction techniques, Microhardness and adhesion to the substrate were studied by atomic force microscopy and scratch tests. The morphological analysis and coating structure are studied using scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The film thickness is measured by a stylus profiler (XP-2 stylus profiler). Wear tests were performed on pin-on-disk configuration and dry sliding conditions, at 5N load by

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49

Barbee, Troy W. "Multilayer Materials." MRS Bulletin 15, no. 2 (1990): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400060413.

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Multilayers, as considered in the following articles, are manmade thin-film materials periodic in one dimension in composition or in composition and structure. This composition/structure variation is generated during synthesis, which is typically accomplished using atom-by-atom technologies. Individual component layers in a multilayer may vary in thickness from one atomic layer (~2 Å) to hundreds of atomic layers (~1,000 Å) of a given material.An example of these synthetic micro-structures, a lattice image transmission electron micrograph of a cross section of a hundred period titanium (63 Å)/

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50

Mallik, Awadesh Kumar, Fernando Lloret, Marina Gutierrez, et al. "Deposition and Characterisation of a Diamond/Ti/Diamond Multilayer Structure." Coatings 13, no. 11 (2023): 1914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13111914.

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In this work, a diamond/Ti/diamond multilayer structure has been fabricated by successively following thin-film CVD and PVD routes. It has been found that a combined pre-treatment of the silicon base substrate, via argon plasma etching for creating surface roughness and, thereafter, detonation nanodiamond (DND) seeding, helps in the nucleation and growth of well-adherent CVD diamond films with a well-defined Raman signal at 1332 cm−1, showing the crystalline nature of the film. Ti sputtering on such a CVD-grown diamond surface leads to an imprinted bead-like microstructure of the titanium film

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