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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Oil and gas leases Soviet Union"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 8 лютого 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Oil and gas leases Soviet Union"

MCKIBBIN, WARWICK J., ADELE C. MORRIS, and PETER J. WILCOXEN. "COMPARING CLIMATE COMMITMENTS: A MODEL-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE COPENHAGEN ACCORD." Climate Change Economics 02, no. 02 (May 2011): 79–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s201000781100022x.

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The political accord struck by leaders at the United Nations negotiations in Copenhagen in December 2009 allows participants to express their greenhouse gas commitments in a variety of ways. This paper compares the environmental and economic performance of these disparate commitments using the G-Cubed model of the global economy. We focus on fossil-fuel-related CO2 and assume targets are achieved domestically. We show how different formulations make the same targets appear different in stringency and explore the Accord's spillover effects across countries. We find that commitments by Japan and

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Newnham, Randall. "Russia and Belarus: Economic Linkage in a Patron-Client Relationship." Journal of Belarusian Studies 9, no. 1 (February 17, 2020): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/20526512-12340002.

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Abstract President Putin has embarked on a program of restoring Russia to world-power status. A key facet of his effort has been to establish a sphere of influence in the ‘Near Abroad,’ the countries of the former Soviet Union. While the world has focused on the dramatic events in Ukraine since 2013, much less attention has been paid to the vital role of Belarus in Putin’s plans. Belarus has long had closer relations with Russia than any other former Soviet state, dating back to the Yeltsin years. This paper will show that Russia has devoted considerable resources to Belarus, showering the cou

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Hough, Jerry F. "Attack on protectionism in the Soviet Union? A comment." International Organization 40, no. 2 (1986): 489–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300027211.

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Unlike the other countries in what we tend to call “the Soviet bloc,” the Soviet Union benefited financially from the oil crises of the 1970s, for it was a major petroleum and natural gas exporter. The oil crises also benefited the Soviet Union indirectly as a number of radical Third World oil producers acquired money to buy more Soviet arms. Moreover, the windfall increase in petroleum prices was supplemented by a similar windfall increase in the price of the other major Soviet export product, gold. The subsidies that the Soviet Union provided to Eastern Europe did not entail any sacrifice of

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Aguilera, Roberto F. "The economics of oil and gas supply in the Former Soviet Union." International Journal of Global Energy Issues 35, no. 6 (2012): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijgei.2012.051730.

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Tull, Simon J., David Macdonald, Larisa Voronova, and Graham Blackbourn. "Thematic set; habitat of oil and gas in the former Soviet Union." Petroleum Geoscience 3, no. 4 (November 1997): 313–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/petgeo.3.4.313.

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Smith, Michael R. "Exploration for Oil in the Soviet Union: Special Problems Facing Western Companies." Energy & Environment 9, no. 1-2 (March 1998): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x98009001-202.

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The Soviet Union, including its Republics and Autonomous Regions, although remaining the world's largest oil and gas producer, is seeking the co-operation of the international oil industry to assist in further developing its vast reserves and potential resources. A legislation and taxation system that allows for foreign investment in the Soviet oil industry is being created. Many international oil companies, large and small, are currently evaluating opportunities in the country. Western companies have not been directly involved in Soviet oil operations since 1918. During the intervening years

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Kirillova, Elena. "Rights of Transit and Intervention in the Oil and Gas Industry of the Former Soviet Union." Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law 11, no. 4 (November 1993): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02646811.1993.11432967.

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Mehdiyoun, Kamyar. "Ownership of Oil and Gas Resources in the Caspian Sea." American Journal of International Law 94, no. 1 (January 2000): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2555242.

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In the aftermath of the breakup of the Soviet Union and the birth of new sovereign nations bordering the Caspian Sea, the legal status of the sea has emerged as one of the most contentious international problems facing the region. The discovery of large offshore oil and gas deposits in the area has added urgency to the need to resolve the twin issues of the legal status of the sea and the corresponding mining rights.The Caspian, the largest inland body of water in the world, is approximately the size of Japan. The south Caspian is the deepest part and contains the most productive oil and gas f

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Bayetova, Nazgul. "Neoliberalism and Kazakhstan's emerging higher education." Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education 11, Winter (March 14, 2020): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v11iwinter.1342.

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The Republic of Kazakhstan is one of the Central Asian countries of the former Soviet Union. The ninth largest country in the world in physical size with a population of over 17 million people and significant oil, iron ore, coal, copper, and gas reserves, Kazakhstan gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. In the early 1990s, the Supreme Court of the Kazakh Social Soviet Republic declared the transition of a planned economy to a market economy. Kazakhstan’s market system has significantly impacted its emerging higher education system. Less government spending and the creation of priv

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Blackbourn, Graham. "3. Habitat of Oil and Gas in the Former Soviet Union: University of Warwick (UK), 17–18th April." Journal of Petroleum Geology 19, no. 4 (October 1996): 483–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.1996.tb00453.x.

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Дисертації з теми "Oil and gas leases Soviet Union"

Wawryk, Alexandra Sophia. "The protection of indigenous peoples' lands from oil exploitation in emerging economies." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw346.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 651-699. "Through case studies of three emerging economies - Ecuador, Nigeria and Russia - this thesis analyses the factors present to a greater or lesser degree in emerging economies, such as severe foreign indebtedness and the absence of the rule of law, that undermine the effectiveness of the legal system in protecting indigenous peoples from oil exploitation. Having identified these factors, I propose that a dual approach to the protection of indigenous peoples' traditional lands and their environment be adopted, whereby international laws that set out the rights of in

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Prodromidou, Alexandra. "Russian foreign energy policy conduct in the oil and gas sectors : a case study of the Caspian region 1991-2008." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3151/.

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This thesis explores the continuities and change in the conduct of Russian foreign policy in the Caspian region in the period 1991-2008 with the central focus set on the inclusion of energy both as a tool and one of the main targets of Russian foreign policy during the Putin administration. More specifically it looks at the impact that the choice to establish Russia as an energy superpower based mainly on its oil and gas sectors during this period had on the conduct of Russian foreign policy in the Caspian region. The central research question is how Russian oil and gas companies are used as f

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Seck, Andrew Benjamin. "Financing upstream oil and gas ventures in the transitional economies of the former Soviet Union : a study of foreign investment and associated risks." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2012. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/a6b90028-401b-4686-a715-2b5631df4e98.

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The development of the Foreign Oil and Gas Investment (FOGI) Database permitted a systematic study of all reported upstream projects involving foreign investors throughout FSU, in order to assess the reaction of western capital to the opening up of the FSU's oil industry. While we identified 292 upstream projects either under discussion or development and representing a potential investment of $231 - $308 billion, there is a wide dichotomy between the high level of interest and the low level of investment incurred. It is misleading to assess potential levels of investment in the FSU in isolati

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Книги з теми "Oil and gas leases Soviet Union"

Stern, Jonathan P. Oil and gas in the former Soviet Union: The changing foreign investment agenda. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1993.

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Gelʹman, Vladimir. Resource curse and post-Soviet Eurasia: Oil, gas, and modernization. Lanham: Lexington Books, 2010.

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McNally & co. [from old catalog] Rand. Treaties between Her Majesty the Queen and foreign powers. [Ottawa?: s.n.], 1993.

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Oil & Gas Map of the Former Soviet Union. 2nd ed. Pennwell Books, 1994.

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Oil & Gas Map of the Former Soviet Union. 2nd ed. Pennwell Books, 1994.

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Mukhina, Irina, and Liubov Denisova. Oil and Gas in Russian History. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.

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Cameron, Peter. New Oil and Gas Laws in the Former Soviet Union. Blackwell Pub, 1995.

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The oil and gas guide to the former Soviet Union. London (11-13 Charterhouse Buildings, EC1M 7AN): CIS Technical Publishing Institute, 1993.

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SinoRussian Oil and Gas Cooperation. Oxford University Press, USA, 2012.

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Oil and gas leasing draft environmental impact statement for management areas: 21-Hoback basin, 45-Moccasin basin, 71-Union Pass, 72-Upper Green River. [Jackson, WY: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Region, 2000.

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Частини книг з теми "Oil and gas leases Soviet Union"

Kuboniwa, Masaaki. "Estimating GDP and Foreign Rents of the Oil and Gas Sector in the Soviet Union and Present-Day Russia." In Russian Economic Development over Three Centuries, 421–38. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8429-5_12.

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Rindzevičiūtė, Eglė. "Gray Eminences of the Scientific-Technical Revolution." In The Power of Systems. Cornell University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501703188.003.0002.

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This chapter argues that a new, post-Stalinist governmentality emerged in the Soviet Union as a result of several postwar developments. Innovations in computer, information, and control technologies that emerged during the war informed a new developmental theory of the scientific-technical revolution that appealed to both East and West scientists and policy makers. The gospel of the STR, as well as the commitment of Soviet planning to new large infrastructure projects propelled computer technology and systems analysis into the avant-garde of Soviet governmental thought. If in postrevolutionary Russia the first attempts to develop methods for large-scale scientific management followed the GOELRO electrification plan of the 1920s, the post-Stalinist projects involved the extraction of Siberian oil and gas, building large transport systems, and managing growing metropolitan areas, all of which required computerization.

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"signified by a rapid increase in aggregate demand and shortages … The budget deficit reached … 19 per cent of GDP in 1991. The decision to liberalize 90 per cent of prices in January 1992 led to a price jump of 245 per cent and by the summer the monetary overhang had been eliminated. Efforts to tighten monetary policy in 1992–4 failed mainly due to attempts to preserve the rouble zone which after the break-up consisted of fifteen independent countries, each with their own central bank. And although the CBR [Central Bank of Russia], under the leadership of Viktor Gerashchenko, was the only one allowed to print roubles the central banks of other CIS countries (and initially also the Baltic States) could issue credits. This meant that monetary policy spun out of control … More countries started to introduce their own currency or issue monetary surro-gates. Furthermore, much of the credits issued by CIS central banks were used to finance imports of Russian commodities, mainly oil and gas, which meant that pressure was also put on the CBR and the Russian government by Russian exporters to continue looser monetary policy. As a result by mid-1992 the granting of concessional credits to agriculture and industry intensified. At the same time Russia was unable to increase tax revenues or reduce expenditures and as a result continued to run a large budget deficit. And without access to domestic capital markets and a lack of willingness by the West to lend money to Russia, the only source of finance was the printing presses. This policy resulted in a rapid growth of the money supply." In The Countries of the Former Soviet Union at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century, 478–93. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203647547-29.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Oil and gas leases Soviet Union"

Dülger, Fikret, Kenan Lopcu, Almıla Burgaç, and Esra Ballı. "Is Natural Resource-Rich Russia Suffering from the Dutch Disease?" In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00488.

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“Dutch Disease” phenomenon is defined as the increase in the price of natural resources, such as oil and natural gas, which causes the appreciation of the real exchange rate and leads to the decline of manufacturing and ultimately to increases in service prices. Since the 1980s there has been a great body of “Dutch Disease” empirical literature, and as a natural resource-rich country Russia is a good case for the exploration of this phenomenon. The Russian economy experienced some difficulties after the collapse of the Soviet Union in the adaptation to a free market economy model. In the proce

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Bulut, Cihan, Elchin Suleymanov, and Fakhri Hasanov. "Problems Encountered during the Transition to Market Economy in Azerbaijan and Solution Attempts." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00681.

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After re-gaining its independence on 18 October 1991, the Republic of Azerbaijan started to transform to the market-based economy and to integrate into the world economy. The country’s oil and natural gas reserves have been considered the main source for financing range of government programs for reforms. On the one hand, these reserves had to be used effectively; on the other hand, there was a huge demand for foreign investment for extraction. To this end, Azerbaijan has signed “Contract of the Century” in 1994. Although Azerbaijan has wide oil and natural gas reserves, it has faced a number

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Foreman, Neil E. "The Bear Awakens: Resurgence of Oil and Gas in the Former Soviet Union." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/36634-ms.

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JI- EON, LEE, and YOO NA-YEON. "SOUTH KOREA’S DIPLOMATIC RELATIONSHIP WITH UZBEKISTAN SINCE 1991: STRATEGY AND CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH GOVERNMENT." In UZBEKISTAN-KOREA: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF COOPERATION. OrientalConferences LTD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ocl-01-03.

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One of the biggest events in international political history at the end of the 20th century was end of the Cold War due to the dissolution of the Soviet Union. With the collapse of the Soviet Union in December 1991, the Cold War system, led by the US and the Soviet Union as the two main axes, disappeared into history, dramatically changing the international situation and creating new independent states in the international community. In the past, as the protagonist of the Silk Road civilization, it was a channel of trade and culture, linking the East and the West, but as members of the former

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Aras, Osman Nuri, Elchin Suleymanov, and Fakhri Hasanov. "Economic and Strategic Expectations of Trans-Anatolian Natural Gas Pipeline Project." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00604.

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The Republic of Azerbaijan is one of the oil and gas rich countries of the former Soviet Union. After the second stage of the Shah Deniz gas field, natural gas extraction and exportation became one of the key elements of Azerbaijan’s oil and gas strategy. Diversification of the oil and gas transportation has a great importance in Azerbaijan’s energy security policy and in this regard, TANAP is an important project after Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline. TANAP is a proposed natural gas pipeline project to transport Azerbaijani natural gas through Turkey to Europe in two directions. The project

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Azer, Özlem Arzu. "Political and Economic Integration of the Central Asian and South Caucasian Turkish Republics into the Global World." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00244.

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With the dissolution of Soviet Union, former Soviet Republics’ central planned economy transformed into free market economy and structural reforms were made as parallel of this development. These former socialist countries have some diffficulties to adopt capitalism due to absence of some fundamental feautures of capitalism and inheritance of Soviet Union.  Ending big threat of communism, the jeo-strategical importance of the region increased for the West because these countries own the oil and gas resources besides they are starting point or transit country of the energy pipelines. Howe

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Duran, Hasan, and Kadir Kürşat Yılmaz. "The Ties That Binds the Giant: China’s Interests in Energy Sources of Central Asia." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00336.

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Following the collapse of Soviet Union, the interest of China towards the Central Asia first revolved around the security and border issues. Then the fast growing economy of China since 2000 needs energy more she can produce. Becoming one of the biggest energy users, China has become more and more dependent on other countries to fill her energy deficit. Thus China has identified Central Asia as her prime area to built cooperative relations. In this respect, China started new relationships with Turkmenistan and Kazakistan in order to secure and sustain the procurement of oil and natural gas.&#x

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Azer, Özlem Arzu. "The Central Asia and Caucasia Politics of China in the Context of Energy Security." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00441.

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After the dissolution of Soviet Union, the geo-strategical importance of Caucasia, the Central Asia and the Black Sea region increased fastly. This transition period had been difficult while central planned economies had transformed into free market economies and meet capitalism. Geo-strategic importance of the region increased for the West and Russia as well as some countries as China due to the oil and gas resources besides being transit countries of the energy pipelines. The Central Asia, Caucasia and the Black Sea Region had been so important because the region owns rich natural resources

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Akça, Tacinur. "Foreign Trade Relations Between Turkey and the Eurasian Countries: An Empirical Study." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01793.

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The Eurasian Countries incorporates many economic and cultural wealth. The Eurasian countries have attracted attention all over the world with its rich oil and natural gas reserves and geopolitical situation. Due to the increasing importance of the Eurasian countries, as well as being an alternative to a political foreign policy and it has created an economically viable alternative in terms of foreign trade for Turkey. The importance of exports is increasing for the development of Turkey and Eurasia cannot be neglected as an important issue. History of the republic's foreign policy is focused

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