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Статті в журналах з теми "Organizational durability":
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Diamante, Thomas, and Leo A. Giglio. "The Durability Factor: A Systems Approach to Managerial Endurance." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 13, no. 4 (April 1, 1992): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437739210013405.
Анотація:
Argues that covert activity determines the durability of the manager. Applying systems theory, dissects both organizations and managers to determine what makes them effective over time. Paralleling knowledge of organizational success with managerial success, uncovers similarities which have direct implications for understanding business effectiveness.
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Tugimin, Tugimin. "Sistem Manajemen Organisasional Perusahaan Kerajinan Kulit dalam Memenuhi Kebutuhan Pasar." Jurnal Maksipreneur: Manajemen, Koperasi, dan Entrepreneurship 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30588/jmp.v4i2.106.
Анотація:
<p>Organizational management system combines all management functions within an organization's productive holistically built based on the concept of quality, teamwork, productivity and customer satisfaction. Be as creative industries leather craft is required to follow the changes and able to meet the needs of the market. Change the orientation of the market take effect directly against the durability of micro, small and medium-sized leather craft, it takes a flexible company management system in maintaining continuity of effort, that it took creativity and innovation on an ongoing basis. Among the many leather companies in Yogyakarta were selected for this study are "CV D & D Leather Handycraft". Through kuantitatif research method system of organizing the company confirms that the craft's skin, between the interelasi policy (team work) in organizational management system is determined by the ability of human resources creative and innovative.</p>
3
Zakrzewska-Bielawska, Agnieszka, and Dagmara Lewicka. "A company’s relational strategy: Linkage between strategic choices, attributes, and outcomes." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 22, 2021): e0254531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254531.
Анотація:
Nowadays, the idea of firms’ atomization is rejected and companies are perceived as entities embedded in inter-organizational relationships and their configurations, including dyads and networks. The relational view in strategic management thus prompts research on a firm’s relational strategy. This paper taps this gap considering links between strategic choices and attributes of a company’s inter-organizational relationships, as well as the outcomes achieved by collaboration with different groups of stakeholders. We test the model based on research carried out on a representative sample of 400 enterprises operating in Poland and on international markets. The results of structural equation modeling show that 1) the outcomes of collaboration reflect market benefits and are dependent on the durability of the inter-organizational relationships and the heterogeneity of the supply chain relationships, 2) durability as an attribute of the relational strategy depends on the choice of how to create and appropriate value, and 3) in turn, the attribute of heterogeneity of the relational strategy depends on what type of partners are selected. Thereby, we deliver managerial implications on how to create a relational strategy to achieve a relational rent and better a company’s market position.
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Kadivar, Mohammad Ali. "Mass Mobilization and the Durability of New Democracies." American Sociological Review 83, no. 2 (March 9, 2018): 390–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003122418759546.
Анотація:
The “elitist approach” to democratization contends that “democratic regimes that last have seldom, if ever, been instituted by mass popular actors” (Huntington 1984:212). This article subjects this observation to empirical scrutiny using statistical analyses of new democracies over the past half-century and a case study. Contrary to the elitist approach, I argue that new democracies growing out of mass mobilization are more likely to survive than are new democracies that were born amid quiescence. Survival analysis of 112 young democracies in 80 different countries based on original data shows that the longer the mobilization, the more likely the ensuing democracy is to survive. I use a case study of South Africa to investigate the mechanisms. I argue that sustained unarmed uprisings have generated the longest-lasting new democracies—largely because they are forced to develop an organizational structure, which provides a leadership cadre for the new regime, forges links between the government and society, and strengthens checks on the power of the post-transition government.
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Marx, Susanne. "Open Innovation Process for Inter-Organizational Projects." Complex Systems Informatics and Modeling Quarterly, no. 29 (December 31, 2021): 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/csimq.2021-29.03.
Анотація:
Open Innovation (OI) research has covered various organizational forms in dimensions of durability (permanent versus temporary organizing) and organizational scope (intra- or inter-organizational). Inter-organizational forms - both temporary and permanent – are regarded mainly as modes of OI. However, these organizational forms also act as initiators of OI activities to extend knowledge transfer across the inter-organizational consortium borders, which is hardly researched. To address this gap, the research presented in this article develops an OI process for inter-organizational projects (IOP) as initiators of OI. The initial model is developed by action research with an IOP of museums and educational institutions implementing a series of hackathons. The model’s applicability is then evaluated for other IOPs by a survey, indicating the model’s suitability for practitioners. Findings point to the importance of collaborative activities for aligning the OI initiative with both individual partners’ and common project goals, while outbound activities are regarded least important despite the time-limitation of the project. The research is limited by its focus on the specific IOP environment of EU-funded projects and the small scope of the survey.
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Allameh, Sayyed Mohsen, Saeed Alinajimi, and Ali Kazemi. "The Effect of Self-concept and Organizational Identity on Organizational Citizenship Behavior ( A Case Study in Social Security Organization of Isfahan city)." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 2, no. 1 (March 17, 2012): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v2i1.1119.
Анотація:
During the two recent decades, researchers of organizational behavior have paid special attention to extra-social behavior in organizations, and there has been specific focus on employees' affairs which are developed beyond formal job demands. Globalization era has created increased inter-individual mutual dependencies among organizations and groups. Thus, it has made more need for extra-social cooperation and interaction inside and outside the organizations. Therefore, organizational citizenship behavior plays a role in increasing the effectiveness and durability of the organization. The main purpose of this survey is to study the manner of impact of self-concept, and organizational identity on organizational citizenship behavior of employees of Social Security Corporation in Isfahan province and also to examine the existence of the balancing role of self-concept variable in the relationship between organizational identity and organizational citizenship behavior. This survey was conducted using descriptive-metrical method. Obtained results of this survey reveal that organizational citizenship behavior is affected by organizational identity, and self-concept; and each variable of organizational identity has positive correlation with organizational citizenship behavior. It means that by strengthening and improving the above variables it is possible to enhance organizational citizenship behavior. Also, results demonstrate that self-concept balances the relationship between organizational identity and organizational citizenship behavior.
7
Meuer, Johannes, and Christian Rupietta. "Withstanding the test of time - An empirical examination of the durability of organizational forms." Academy of Management Proceedings 2013, no. 1 (January 2013): 10456. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2013.10456abstract.
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Lanzara, Giovan Francesco, and Gerardo Patriotta. "The Institutionalization of Knowledge in an Automotive Factory: Templates, Inscriptions, and the Problem of Durability." Organization Studies 28, no. 5 (May 2007): 635–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840607068309.
Анотація:
This paper focuses on the process of institutionalization of technical and organizational knowledge in the work setting. Drawing on a rich qualitative study, we apply an inscription—delegation model to the analysis of knowledge dynamics in a greenfield automotive plant. In particular, we depict knowledge institutionalization as a recursive process that involves the progressive writing, enactment and reproduction of a generative template or code within a stable medium. We first reconstruct the chain of transformations by which agency and knowledge are embedded into a variety of technical and organizational artifacts, leading to the creation of a cognitive and institutional order. We then focus on the frictions and tensions that can emerge in the transformations, and we discuss problems of vulnerability and durability that may arise in the maintenance and reproduction of such order.
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Sarwari, Guldasta. "The Role of Culture in the Organization." Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies 4, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 270–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2022.4.1.27.
Анотація:
The leading aim of this article is an investigation of the role of culture in the organization. Organizational culture represents values, beliefs, hypotheses, fables, norms, and goals, which are admitted in the organization vastly. The organizational culture is the means which facilitates our behavior and actions with organizational tasks. The findings of this study reveal that one of the most influential factors in an organization’s situation is organizational culture. In the current complicated and revolutionary world, the durability of organizations is related to various factors; one of the most important factors is having a fortified organizational culture. The organizational culture is the subordinate outcome of social culture that, by its turn, impacts on values, moralities, attitudes, assumptions, and expectations of any individuals and can be exposed in their behaviors. The organizational culture has become more significant and remarkable because of its high and noticeable effects in organizations. Realizing the organizational culture is one of the causes that impact the real actions of people and their perceptions regarding that. The organizational culture represents the mode of our interpretation of our surrounding incidents. The research method of this study is library-based, and the information and points were collected from books and journals.
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Burnes, Bernard, and Bill Cooke. "Review Article: The past, present and future of organization development: Taking the long view." Human Relations 65, no. 11 (July 4, 2012): 1395–429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726712450058.
Анотація:
Organization development has been, and arguably still is, the major approach to organizational change across the Western world, and increasingly globally. Despite this, there appears to be a great deal of confusion as to its origins, nature, purpose and durability. This article reviews the ‘long’ history of organization development from its origins in the work of Kurt Lewin in the late 1930s to its current state and future prospects. It chronicles and analyses the major stages, disjunctures and controversies in its history and allows these to be seen in a wider context. The article closes by arguing that, although organization development remains the dominant approach to organizational change, there are significant issues that it must address if it is to achieve the ambitious and progressive social and organizational aims of its founders.
Дисертації з теми "Organizational durability":
1
Lebrun, Anne-Cécile. "L'innovation managériale dans les petites et moyennes entreprises : le cas d’innovations managériales alternatives à l’organisation hiérarchique dans les PME en croissance." Thesis, Université de Montpellier (2022-….), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UMOND001.
Анотація:
Les innovations managériales (IM) portant une philosophie gestionnaire alternative à celle de l’organisation hiérarchique suscitent l’intérêt croissant des entreprises et de la recherche académique. Leur adoption par des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises (PME) apparaît a priori inattendue au regard des spécificités des PME, notamment leur vulnérabilité et la forte centralité du dirigeant. Le contexte exacerbé qu’est celui de la croissance de la PME rend d’autant plus inattendue l’adoption de telles IM, car il amène de multiples bouleversements et tensions déstabilisatrices, et tend à faire évoluer la PME vers une organisation hiérarchique classique sur le plan organisationnel. Or, la littérature existante fait état d’un faible nombre d’études menées sur l’IM en PME, et a fortiori sur les IM alternatives à l’organisation hiérarchique dans les PME en croissance, n’apportant pas un éclairage suffisant sur ces phénomènes. Dans un premier axe de recherche, ce travail doctoral a donc pour objectif d’identifier les motivations poussant des PME en croissance à adopter une IM alternative à l’organisation hiérarchique. Dans une perspective plus dynamique, notre second axe de recherche s’intéresse à l’évolution de telles IM lorsque la PME connaît une croissance postérieure à son adoption. Notre choix s’est porté sur une méthodologie qualitative pour répondre à ces questionnements, méthodologie cohérente avec notre paradigme épistémologique interprétativiste. Nous étudions trois cas de PME en croissance dans le cadre de notre premier axe de recherche, et deux cas de PME connaissant une croissance postérieure à l’adoption d’une première IM dans le cadre de notre second axe. Nos résultats mettent en évidence que les PME étudiées adoptent des IM alternatives à l’organisation hiérarchique car elles refusent, dans le cadre de leur croissance, d’évoluer vers une organisation hiérarchique perçue comme éloignant la PME de son identité et de ses valeurs originelles. Elles adoptent de telles IM dans l’intention de pérenniser leurs valeurs originelles et leur histoire. Notre axe 2 montre que les deux PME étudiées mettent en place une deuxième IM alternative à l’organisation hiérarchique afin de faire face au nouveau palier amené par leur croissance. Cette deuxième IM est alignée avec la philosophie de la première IM, elle-même congruente avec les valeurs originelles que la PME souhaite pérenniserThere is a growing interest from companies and academic research in Management Innovations (MIs) carrying a managerial philosophy alternative to that of the hierarchical organization. Their adoption by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) appears a priori unexpected given the specificities of SMEs, in particular their vulnerability and the strong centrality of the manager. The exacerbated context of the growth of the SME makes the adoption of such MIs all the more unexpected, as it brings multiple upheavals and destabilizing tensions, and pushes the SME to evolve towards a classical hierarchical organization. However, existing literature reports a small number of studies carried out on MIs in SMEs, and a fortiori on MIs that are alternative to hierarchical organization in growing SMEs, thus not shedding enough light on these phenomena. Therefore, as a first line of research, this doctoral work aims to identify the motivations that push growing SMEs to adopt a MI alternative to the hierarchical organization. From a dynamic perspective, our second line of research is concerned with the evolution of such MIs when the SME experiences a new phase of growth after its adoption. To answer these questions, our choice was to go with a qualitative methodology, a methodology that is consistent with our interpretative epistemological paradigm. We are studying three cases of growing SMEs as part of our first line of research, and two cases of SMEs experiencing growth after the adoption of a first MI as part of the second line of research. Our results show that the studied SMEs adopt MIs alternative to hierarchical organization because they refuse to evolve towards a hierarchical organization because of their growth. The hierarchical organization is perceived as distancing the company from its identity and its original values. They adopt such MIs with the intent of perpetuating their original values and history. Our second line of research shows that the two studied SMEs are setting up a second MI alternative to hierarchical organization in order to overcome the challenges brought by a new growth stage. This second MI is aligned with the philosophy of the first MI, philosophy that is congruent with the original values of the SME, values that it wishes to thereby perpetuate
2
Velasco, Juliana. "Regional Organizations and the Durability of Peace." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5882.
Анотація:
This thesis investigates the role of regional organizations in peacemaking and peacekeeping, particularly on the effects of peace agreement duration. This is important because the United Nations has been traditionally seen as the default international peacekeeping force but recently, more responsibility is being given to regional organizations. This study hypothesizes that regional organizations' ability to clear commitment problems, create specific agreements, and willingness to enforce agreements make them the most effective third parties to deal with many conflicts. However, the study also hypothesizes that regional organizations are less fit to mediate conflicts based around ethnicity, identity, or religious disparities. By utilizing a mixture of logistic regression and case studies, the results illustrate that regional organizations are an essential asset to creating agreements that elongate the duration of peace. In testing for the partiality of regional organizations, the specifics of agreements made, the willingness and capabilities of enforcement, the reason for the conflict and the institutionalization of the organization, quantitative and qualitative results illustrate that regional organizations are a valid tool for conflict management.M.A.
Masters
Political Science
Sciences
Political Science; International Studies
3
Sköndal, Ylva. "Inclusion, influence and increased durability of peace : Civil society organizations in peace negotiations." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353734.
Анотація:
This thesis aims to investigate why inclusion of civil society actors in peace processes leads to more durable peace in some cases while not in others. It argues that the influence, rather than inclusion, of civil society organizations (CSOs) explains this variation. It is hypothesized that when CSOs have influence in peace negotiations, peace is more likely to be durable, as well as when a wide range of CSOs have influence in peace negotiations, peace is more likely to be durable. This is explored through a structured focused comparison between the peace processes leading up to peace agreements in Sierra Leone in 1996, the DRC in 2002, the Ivory Coast in 2003 and Liberia in 2003. The empirical findings lend support to the hypotheses and point in the direction of influence of CSOs in peace processes being of importance for the durability of peace. Certain evidence suggesting legitimacy being the causal mechanism is found. However, the empirical analysis also points towards other factors being potential alternative explanations such as war fatigue and sequencing of the process. The suggestive findings and the potential alternative explanations should be investigated further in order to increase the chances of durable peace.
4
Komen, Maikel. "The Relevance of Legacies : How Parent Organizations Influence the Survival Chances of Rebel Groups." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413099.
Анотація:
How does the organizational legacy of a rebel group affect its ability to survive within a conflict? I theorize that adopting the institutional structure from a parent organization can strengthen the rebel group’s ability to resist the government. By drawing upon literature that identifies how such a pre-established structure is complementary to, or serves as a substitute for an informal system of social control, I posit that rebel groups emerging from a pre-existing organization are less likely to get militarily defeated by the government than rebel groups without a parent organization. I test this hypothesis empirically by using the FORGE dataset that identifies not only whether rebel groups emerge from pre-existing organizations, but also from which type of parent organization. I find that only rebel groups with a pre-existing parent organization that has an institutional base pre-designed to resist repression from the government in order to avoid their militarily defeat have positive implications on rebel groups’ durability. In contrast, rebel groups that emerged from the military and non-military faction of the government are found to be more prone to a militarily defeat by its parent.
5
Bertran, Xavier. "Comportement en milieu oxydant d’un composite carbone/carbone pour applications structurales entre 150 et 400°c dans l’aéronautique civile." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14922/document.
Анотація:
L’utilisation d’un composite Carbone/Carbone 2D est envisagée pour des pièces de structure, travaillant entre 150 et 400°C, dans l’aéronautique civile. Dans ce domaine de température, la durabilité de ces matériaux n’est pas connue car ils n’ont jamais été développés pour de telles applications. Une première approche a permis de corréler la réactivité chimique des constituants élémentaires (fibres et matrices) à leur état d’organisation structurale. Les vieillissements réalisés sur matériau composite ont ensuite mis en évidence qu’un faible taux d’oxydation pouvait conduire à un abaissement significatif des propriétés mécaniques résiduelles. Les fissures et les décohésions consécutives au procédé d’élaboration conduisent à une oxydation préférentielle du composé le plus réactif et à la ruine prématurée du composite par délaminage. L'évolution des propriétés de ce matériau sur de longues durées est finalement discutée afin d’évaluer sa capacité à remplacer les matériaux métalliques dans des pièces aéronautiquesA 2D Carbon/Carbon composite is envisaged for structural parts, operating between 150 and 400°C, in civil aircraft. In this temperature range, the durability of these materials remains unknown because they have never been developed for this kind of applications. A first approach allowed us to correlate the chemical reactivity of the elemental constituents (fiber and matrix) to their structural organization. Then, thermal ageing tests performed on the composite material have demonstrated that a low rate of oxidation could be responsible to a significant reduction of residual mechanical properties. Cracks and fiber/matrix debonding resulting to the elaboration process create an extended pathway to a preferential oxidation of the most reactive compound. This latter is followed by a premature failure by delamination. The reduction of the material properties over long periods is finally discussed in order to evaluate its ability to replace metallic materials in aircraft structural parts
6
Gallon, François. "Collégialité & Subsidiarité : un principe-dual pour l'action - Des organisations durables dans un environnement complexe." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECAP0075/document.
Анотація:
La problématique de la thèse est relative à la gouvernance d’entreprise. Elle s’interroge sur la collégialité et la subsidiarité comme principes d’action. Les deux notions ont tout d’abord été abordées sous l’angle de leur clarification, resituées notamment dans le contexte socio-historique de leur émergence. Une enquête par questionnaire est effectuée auprès de salariés de l’organisation ayant servi de support aux études de terrain, un Groupe industriel. Une enquête complémentaire, réalisée auprès d’une organisation externe au Groupe a enrichi les résultats. Le traitement via l’analyse factorielle des correspondances met en évidence des différences significatives entre les éléments clefs des définitions théoriques de la collégialité et de la subsidiarité et ceux associés à ces notions par des acteurs des organisations étudiées. Deux études de terrain ont été conduites : la réalisation d’une monographie d'une filiale, est basée sur des collectes d’informations continues pendant dix ans, et une observation de terrain relative à une organisation en mode projet. Cette dernière est complétée par une étude par questionnaire, sur la mise en œuvre au quotidien de la collégialité et de la subsidiarité. La mise en perspective des deux études montre principalement que l'utilisation de la collégialité contribue à une création de valeur économique et sociale. Elle souligne également l'importance du dirigeant en tant que figure d'autorité et sa responsabilité première quant à l'établissement d'un niveau de confiance initial qui s’avère indispensable pour la mise en œuvre effective de la collégialité au sein des équipes. Enfin, nous confirmons que la collégialité et la subsidiarité utilisées comme un principe-dual pour l'action contribuent à la prise en compte, par les acteurs, de la complexité de l'environnement de l'organisation dans une perspective de développement durableThe issue of this thesis is relating to business governance. It enquires about corporate management and subsidiarity as principles for action. As a first step, both concepts were addressed with a view to their clarification, and situated in the socio-historical context in which they emerged. A questionnaire-based inquiry was made among employees of the reference business selected for on-site studies, namely an industrial group. The results were enhanced by a supplementary inquiry carried out in a business outside the group. The processing, made through the factorial analysis of correspondences, highlights significant differences between key elements of the theoretical definitions of corporate management and of subsidiarity, as well as those associated to them by agents of the businesses under study. Two on-site studies were conducted: the writing up of a monograph on one branch of the group, based on continuous information collecting over a ten years period, and one on-site survey relating to a business in its project phase. This survey was complemented with a questionnaire-based survey about the day-to-day implementation of corporate management and subsidiarity. Considering both studies from a common angle mainly reveals that using corporate management contributes to creating economic and social value. Furthermore, the importance of the manager as an authoritative character is highlighted, as well as his primary responsibility in establishing the initial level of confidence that proves to be indispensable for the effective implementation of corporate management inside the teams. Finally, we confirm that corporate management and subsidiarity, when used as a dual-principle, contribute to the taking into account by the actors of the complexity of the business’s environment in a sustainable development perspective
7
Boudra, Leila. "Durabilité du travail et prévention en adhérence : le cas de la dimension territoriale des déchets dans l’activité de tri des emballages ménagers." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2171/document.
Анотація:
Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre des travaux réalisés sur les dynamiques organisationnelles de la prévention des risques professionnels, conduits en particulier par l’Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité (INRS). L’enjeu central de la thèse est de proposer des modalités d’action qui tiennent compte des réalités du travail et des réalités industrielles. A partir d’interventions menées dans cinq centres de tri des déchets d’emballages ménagers, dans un contexte d’industrialisation de la filière du recyclage, cette recherche vise à mieux comprendre le travail des opérateurs de tri pour identifier des leviers d’action en prévention. Les centres de tri des déchets sont des entités productives inscrites dans le secteur de l’économie verte, dont les enjeux industriels sont porteurs des deux dimensions structurantes du développement durable : la territorialité et la durabilité sociale. La méthode mobilisée vise à proposer une objectivation du travail des opérateurs de tri, tenant compte de la spécificité de ce secteur et dans la perspective d’une prévention durable. Pour cela, une analyse de l’activité a été menée, couplée à l’utilisation de différents outils de confrontation mobilisés auprès des opérateurs de tri, individuellement ou collectivement. Les analyses ont montré que les centres de tri sont des lieux de production inscrits dans leur territoire. Les opérateurs sont amenés à réguler la production en raison des limites du système technique, qui ne tient pas compte du caractère territorialisé des déchets. En effet, les déchets issus des collectes sélectives des ménages qui sont acheminés sur le site en vue d’être triés comportent des caractéristiques territorialisées : en fonction de dimensions économiques et sociales spécifiques au territoire, de dimensions politiques concernant les choix au niveau de la collecte et du tri des déchets, de dimensions liées au mode de consommation et de vie des habitants sur le territoire, de dimensions liées aux caractéristiques morphologiques de l’espace, ou encore d’attractivité du territoire. Cependant, nous avons pu constater que cette dimension n’est pas prise en compte lors de la conception des centres de tri et lors de la mise en place de stratégies de prévention. L’expérimentation d’extension des consignes de tri à laquelle nous avons contribué a même conduit à argumenter que s’opéraient un découplage entre les caractéristiques du système technique et celles du territoire, qui peut engendrer une intensification du travail et ainsi affecter la durabilité du travail. Ces résultats nous permettent de proposer deux orientations pour l’action en prévention afin de contribuer à la conception de systèmes de travail de tri durables. La première vise à mieux identifier la coordination des acteurs de niveaux décisionnels différents : internes à l’entreprise et externes positionnés à l’échelle des territoires. Pour répondre à cet objectif, le champ de l’ergonomie a été déplacé pour mobiliser des cadres théoriques issus d’autres approches disciplinaires, dont celle de l’économie des proximités. Ce déplacement du champ vise à mieux prendre en compte les exigences posées par le réel et à produire des dispositifs mobilisant ces acteurs pour satisfaire l’exigence de transformation effective des situations de travail. La seconde vise à proposer des recommandations pour la conception de systèmes technico-organisationnels plastiques favorables à la santé et à l’efficacité. Les apports de cette thèse conduisent à proposer une approche de la prévention « en adhérence » qui articule les exigences essentielles d’une prévention réglementaire et les réalités industrielles des organisations productives et pour laquelle trois conditions ont ainsi été identifiées :This thesis is a part of the studies carried out on organizational dynamics regarding occupational risks prevention, led in particular in the French National Institute for Research and Safety (INRS). The key issue is to put forward terms and conditions of prevention which take into account the work realities and industrial realities.From interventions carried out in five waste sorting centres for household packaging, in a context of industrialization of the waste recycling sector, this research aims to better understand the work of sorting operator, in order to determine vectors for actions in prevention. The waste sorting centres are productive entities, part of green business sector, where industrial challenges carry two major dimensions of sustainable development: territoriality and social sustainability.The method that we chose aims to put forward an objectification of the waste sorting operator’s work activity, taking into account the specifics of this sector, in the prospect of a sustainable prevention. To do so, an analysis of the work activity, according to the ergonomics work analysis method (EWA) was conducted, complete by several confrontation tools used with workers, both individually and collectively.The results showed that waste sorting centres are production sites located in a specific territorial context. Workers have to manage the production while taking into account the limits of their technical system, faced with waste as a territorialized object. Waste comes from separate households’ collection and is brought in the centre for the purpose of being sorted. It has territorialized characteristics, depending on specific territorial economical and social factors. Additionally, political factors regarding choices in terms of waste collecting and sorting, factors related to the consumption pattern and households’ lifestyle on the territory, factors related to the morphological features of the territory, and related to territorial attractiveness are also considered. However, this dimension is not taken into account during both the waste sorting centres design phase and the implementation of prevention strategies. The national testing phase for an extension of waste sorting instructions that we contributed to led to, argue that a disconnection was taking place between the characteristics of the technical system and the characteristics of the territory. This disconnection may lead to work intensification, directly impacting work sustainability.These results allow us to put forward two directions for actions in prevention in order to contribute to the design of sustainable sorting work systems. The first aims to better identify the coordination between actors belonging to different decision-making levels: some internal stakeholders, within the sorting centres, and external actors, on a territorial scale. To achieve this goal, the field of ergonomics has been shifted to mobilize theoretical frameworks originating from other disciplinary approaches, as proximity economics. This shifting aims to better take into account the requirements of industrial realities, and to produce mechanisms mobilizing these actors to satisfy the need for an effective transformation of work situations. The second direction aspire to put forward recommendations for the design of technical and organizational plastic systems, i.e. systems which leave sufficient rooms of manoeuver, factor for operators’ health, and that make work systems more efficient. The contributions of this thesis lead to develop an approach of prevention « in connection » which articulate the essential requirements of a regulatory prevention, and the industrial realities of the productive organization, for which three requirements have been identified: (i) develop the prevention problem from the knowledge co-production with workers, (ii) articulate work and industrial performance requirements, (iii) including prevention into territorialized industrial projects
8
Almeida, Joaquim Armindo Pinto de. "Sustentabilidade: importância e influência das dimensões ambiental, social e cultural na dimensão económica – caso da Indústria do Metal, em Portugal." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/8269.
Анотація:
Os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável aprovados unanimemente por todos os
países membros da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), constituem um novo
paradigma preocupado com os seres vivos, e propugnam o desenvolvimento dos países,
no concernente a quatro vetores considerados fundamentais: a economia, o respeito pelo
ambiente, a coesão social e a defesa da cultura dos povos.
O presente trabalho procura sistematizar os conceitos inerentes à temática do
Desenvolvimento Sustentável, ao diálogo entre todos os seres vivos, apresentando um
breve historial sobre a evolução destas temáticas.
Recorrendo à pesquisa através de questionários, numa amostragem por conveniência que
abrangeu 211 empresas, procura-se aprofundar conhecimentos relativos ao papel das
organizações na contribuição para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável, apresentando o caso
específico da Indústria do Metal em Portugal, devido à sua importância no contexto da
sociedade e economia portuguesas.
O tratamento estatístico dos dados obtidos mostra que as empresas inquiridas revelaram
diferentes graus de perceção da importância das diferentes dimensões da
Sustentabilidade: a dimensão económica e a dimensão cultural foram as que
apresentaram, respetivamente o maior e o menor grau de importância percebida. No
entanto, há a perceção de que essas diferenças serão atenuadas no futuro.
Os resultados mostram ainda a perceção de que influência exercida pela dimensão
económica nas restantes dimensões da Sustentabilidade é dominante, quer no presente
quer em perspetiva futura. Existe a perceção de que a dimensão económica também é influenciada pelas dimensões ambiental e social e, em menor extensão, pela dimensão
cultural, e todas essas influências mútuas são percebidas como crescentes no futuro
Os resultados mostram também que as empresas com maiores volumes de negócio, maior
número de trabalhadores, maiores volumes de exportação, e com sistemas de gestão
certificados, são as que percecionam níveis mais elevados de importância das diferentes
dimensões da Sustentabilidade. Porém, mesmo as Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PME)
revelaram um elevado grau de sensibilidade às temáticas da Sustentabilidade.
Tendo em conta os importantes impactos económicos, ambientais, sociais e culturais da
Indústria do Metal, ao nível internacional, a sensibilidade das empresas deste setor quanto
à importância da Sustentabilidade nas suas diferentes dimensões, como demonstrada no
presente estudo, constitui um importante passo para o compromisso com o
Desenvolvimento Sustentável.The objectives of sustainable development, approved unanimously by all the countries belonging to the United Nations (UN), form a new paradigm, concerned with all living things, and advocate the development of countries supported in four fundamental vectors: economy, respect for the environment, social cohesion and the defense of cultural heritage. The research work presented here seeks to systematize the concepts inherent to Sustainable Development, the dialogue among all living things, presenting a brief description of the historical evolution of these concepts. Using survey data collected from a sample of 211 industries, this research aims to explore the role of organizations in the contribution to Sustainable Development, presenting the specific case of the Metal Industry in Portugal, due to its importance in the context of the Portuguese society and economy. Statistical analysis of the collected answers shows that the sampled industries revealed different degrees of perceived importance for the different dimensions of sustainability: the greatest importance was given to the economic dimension, and culture was considered the least important sustainability dimension. However, the respondents' perception is that these differences will be less relevant in the future. The results of the present research study also demonstrate the perception that the influence exerted by the economic dimension on the other sustainability dimensions is dominant, both in present and future perspectives. There is also the perception that the economic dimension is influenced by the environmental and social dimensions, and in a less extent, by the cultural dimension, and all these mutual influences are perceived to increase in the future. The results also show that industries with higher values of annual turnover, number of employees and export sales, and with certified management systems, perceive higher levels of importance of Sustainability dimensions. However, even small-sized industries have shown a high degree of awareness regarding Sustainability issues. Considering the economic, environmental and social impacts of metal industries at an international level, the awareness of this industrial sector regarding the importance of Sustainability is a relevant step to the commitment towards Sustainable.
Les objectifs du développement durable, approuvés à l’unanimité par tous les pays membres des Nations Unies, constituent un nouveau paradigme en matière d’êtres vivants, et ils préconisent le développement des pays, par rapport à quatre vecteurs considérés comme fondamentaux : l’économie, le respect de l'environnement, la cohésion sociale et la défense de la culture des peuples. Le présent travail cherche à systématiser les concepts inhérents au thème du développement durable, au dialogue entre tous les êtres vivants, en présentant un bref historique de l’évolution de ces thèmes. À l'aide d'une enquête par questionnaire, auprès d'un échantillon de proximité de 211 entreprises, nous avons cherché à approfondir la connaissance du rôle des organisations contribuant au développement durable, en présentant le cas spécifique de l'industrie des métaux au Portugal, en raison de son importance dans le contexte de la société et de l’économie portugaises. Le traitement statistique des données montre que les entreprises interrogées ont révélé différents degrés de perception de l’importance des différentes dimensions de la durabilité: la dimension économique et la dimension culturelle étaient celles qui présentaient respectivement le degré le plus élevé et le plus faible d’importance perçue. que ces différences seront atténuées à l'avenir. Les résultats montrent également la perception selon laquelle l'influence exercée par la dimension économique sur les autres dimensions de la durabilité est prédominante, aujourd'hui et à l'avenir. On se rend compte que la dimension économique est également influencée par les dimensions environnementale et sociale et, dans une moindre mesure, par la dimension culturelle. Toutes ces influences mutuelles sont perçues comme se renforçant à l'avenir. Les résultats montrent également que les entreprises avec des volumes d'activité plus importants, des effectifs plus importants, des volumes d'exportation plus importants et des systèmes de gestion certifiés sont celles qui perçoivent des niveaux d'importance plus importants des différentes dimensions de la durabilité. Cependant, même les PME ont fait preuve d'une grande sensibilité aux problèmes de durabilité. Considérant les impacts économiques, environnementaux, sociaux et culturels importants de l’industrie métallurgique, au niveau international, la sensibilité des entreprises de ce secteur à l’importance de la durabilité dans ses différentes dimensions, comme le montre la présente étude, constitue un pas important vers engagement en faveur du développement durable.
Книги з теми "Organizational durability":
1
Leonovich, Sergey, Evgeniy Shalyy, Elena Polonina, Elena Sadovskaya, Lev Kim, and Valentin Dorkin. Durability of port reinforced concrete structures (Far East and Sakhalin). ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1816638.
Анотація:
Section I of the monograph is devoted to an urgent problem - forecasting the durability of port reinforced concrete structures, the destruction of which is associated with corrosion of steel reinforcement caused by chloride aggression and carbonation of concrete. The analysis of models for calculating the service life of structures and experimental data is carried out, the life cycles for the main degradation processes in concrete and reinforcement, the periods of initiation and propagation of corrosion are considered, the influence of environmental factors (temperature, humidity) and the quality of concrete (In/C, cement consumption, diffusion coefficient) on the kinetics of chloride penetration and the movement of the carbonation front is taken into account. Probabilistic models of basic variables are considered, the limiting states of port reinforced concrete structures for the durability of reinforced concrete structures based on the reliability coefficient for service life are formulated.
Sections II and III describe modern methods of restoration and restoration of reinforced concrete port structures subjected to corrosion destruction using nanofibrobeton. The concept of multilevel reinforcement has been implemented. Methods of experimental fracture mechanics were used to evaluate the joint work of exploited concrete and reinforcement nanofibre concrete.
It is intended for scientific and engineering staff of universities, research and design organizations.
2
Laszlo, Christopher. Embedded sustainability: The next big competitive advantage. Stanford, California: Stanford Business Books, 2011.
3
Burton, Joe. NATO's Durability in a Post-Cold War World. State University of New York Press, 2019.
4
Burton, Joe. NATO's Durability in a Post-Cold War World. State University of New York Press, 2018.
5
Godsey, William D. A Commissariat for the Standing Army, c.1650–1764. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809395.003.0005.
Анотація:
This chapter shows how the Estates were transformed from a military factor in the older sense of territorial defense into an essentially civilian support organization for the standing army. The growth and durability of the commissariat they established for guiding, billeting, feeding, and paying troops reflected the rise of the army and the central agency responsible for military economy known as the General Field War Commissariat. This development suggests how the Habsburg dynastic state could dispense with expensive institution-building because it was able to rely on already-extant, corporately ordered, and territorially organized social groups that exhibited institutional attributes and possessed local expertise.
6
Balci, Bayram. The Gülen Movement and Turkish Soft Power in the South Caucasus and the Middle East. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190673604.003.0008.
Анотація:
This chapter focuses on a concrete case study in Turkey’s close neighborhood. It examines the exceptional role played by a social and religious organization that is unique in the Muslim world, namely the movement of Fethullah Gülen. The following questions are addressed: To what extent did the Gülen movement contribute to the development of Turkey’s soft power in both the South Caucasus and the Middle East?; reciprocally, how did the Gülen movement benefit from the government’s support and prestige to develop its own influence? Finally, the chapter questions the durability of the bond between Gülen and Turkey’s soft power through the lens of the clash between Gülen, the charismatic leader of the hizmet movement, and Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, leader of the Turkish executive power since 2002.
7
Carlile, Paul R., and Karl-Emanuel Dionne. Unconventional yet consequential. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796978.003.0012.
Анотація:
Paul R. Carlile and Karl-Emanuel Dionne take a sociomateriality approach to provide guidance in how unconventional research can have greater impact in organization studies. Given that unconventional research doesn’t generally conform to existing research practices it has a liability of newness that can hinder its intelligibility in a research community. To address this challenge they focus on five underlying dimensions of materiality that all research can focus on to increase its potential impact: outcomes, accumulations, layers, relative durability and consequences. To show the value of each of these dimensions they use Steve Barley’s 1986 unconventional CT Scanning study and Black et. al’s 2004 unconventional retelling of Barley’s work. They demonstrate that despite the novelty associated with unconventional research, these dimensions of materiality can guide the development of research as a boundary object that sits meaningfully and consequentially between the conventional and unconventional research efforts.
8
Pierre-Marie, Dupuy. Part II Interpretation of Treaties, 7 Evolutionary Interpretation of Treaties: Between Memory and Prophecy. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199588916.003.0007.
Анотація:
The durability of a treaty requires its capacity to adapt and change in accordance with the evolution of the situation for which it was designed to apply. One of the means that allow such adaptability is evolutionary interpretation. This chapter underlines the twofold nature of this interpretative technique. According to a first approach, evolutionary interpretation may be considered as a way to identify the common will of the parties as it would have resulted if they had renegotiated the agreement taking into account the circumstances that have since evolved. In the silence of Article 31 of the Vienna Convention, the case law of the ICJ supports the view that such a dynamic interpretation is allowed only where it is possible to infer from the terms of the treaty that the text is open to considerations of factual or legal evolution after its conclusion. However, when a treaty establishes an organization designed to achieve a shared purpose, the international judge entrusted with task of interpreting that treaty is often prone to act as the depositary of the common finality. In such a case, evolutionary interpretation tends to a teleological one. It therefore leads to question how far such interpretation could be taken and may generate allegations of ‘judicial activism’.
9
Laszlo, Christopher, and Nadya Zhexembayeva. Embedded Sustainability: The Next Big Competitive Advantage. Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.
Частини книг з теми "Organizational durability":
1
Czarnecki, Slawomir, and Lukasz Sadowski. "Modelling the Durability of Cementitious Composites Elements by Means of Soft Computing Techniques." In 30th International Conference on Organization and Technology of Maintenance (OTO 2021), 278–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92851-3_21.
2
Sharipova, Dina. "Youth Organizations and State–Society Relations in Kazakhstan: The Durability of the Leninist Legacy." In Kazakhstan and the Soviet Legacy, 139–54. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6693-2_7.
3
Vargas-Hernández, José G. G., Rebeca Almanza-Jiménez, Patricia Calderón-Campos Calderón, and Rafael Casas-Cardenaz. "Organizational Learning and Performance Under the Approach of Organizational Theories." In Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage, 106–25. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3009-1.ch005.
Анотація:
The objective of the present study is a theoretical revision that aims to broaden the framework of analysis and to identify a range of competencies necessary to act effectively in the designs of modern organizations and to understand the nature of these individual capacities that favor learning in the Organizations that includes more people, processes and the influence of the environment. The findings of this work guide practitioners on where to focus efforts to promote the acquisition of new knowledge and take action for its application that promotes organizational change and achieves their durability through competitive advantages.
4
van der Klink, Marcel, Kathleen Schlusmans, and Jo Boon. "Designing and Implementing Views on Competencies." In Competencies in Organizational E-Learning, 221–33. IGI Global, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-343-2.ch010.
Анотація:
In education as well as in Human Resource Management the concept of competency is becoming more and more important. However competency is a fuzzy concept that lacks coherent terminology and is used in many different meanings. In the first part of this chapter competency is defined as a multi-dimensional construct with five dimensions: specificity, coherency, durability, activity and trainability. Then two approaches are presented to establish the competencies organisations or educational institutes should address :the function-based approach which focuses requirements for good performance in a specific function and the employee based approach which focuses on individual competencies for excellent performers. Finally it is argued that a competency based curriculum should move towards self-directed competency-based learning (SDCBL), using personal learning plans and adopting the flexible learning opportunities of e-learning. However SDCBL can only be successful when learners can be taught to be responsible managers and owners of their own learning process.
5
Williams, Kristin S. "Be a ‘Good Girl’: The Durability and Enigmatic Nature of Benevolent Sexism as a Form of Performative Kindness." In Kindness in Management and Organizational Studies, 159–70. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80262-157-020221011.
6
Luster, Rodney James, Elvire Daniels, Stephen More, and Alana Morales. "The Cohesive Factors in Building Resilience and Team Dynamism in a Turbulent Era." In Advances in Logistics, Operations, and Management Science, 440–58. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4605-8.ch020.
Анотація:
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on industry have also tested leaders and their organizations to explore the potentials of sustainability amidst such impacting conditions. Amidst this flurry of responsivity, a focus on protecting human capital and building resilience has emerged as a primary linchpin for continuity. Exploring the dynamics of authentic leaders and their processes for team development, alongside the pivotal role of teams in “knowledge organizations,” current effective business practices may provide insight into resilience-building for many more organizations. The focus of this contributive chapter is to examine organizational leadership and its important role in defining enhanced employee resilience practices during a turbulent era, with a closer look at the “cohesive factors” of durability and resilience as determinants of high-functioning teams and organizations.
7
Macedo, Mário, and Pedro Isaías. "Standards Related to Interoperability in EHR & HS." In Advances in Healthcare Information Systems and Administration, 19–44. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3000-0.ch002.
Анотація:
The standardization of clinical data represents a major step in the development of information and organizational knowledge of health services. The evolution of information systems from a model of different database owners to a different open software based model is a major challenge. For this reason it is essential to adopt models of metadata based on archetypes to improve the development of information systems and simultaneously integrate all applications. The adoption of clinical terminology that can translate existing knowledge and enhance its growth is a necessary goal. Accessibility, ubiquity, completeness, consistency and durability of the clinical data are essential objectives for efficiency and effectiveness gains in organizations. This chapter presents the concepts and technologies needed to implement a model of EHR (Electronic Health Record) based on a standard, open architecture. It also presents some concepts of decision support systems and business processes that can be integrated with the EHR.
8
Harris, Joseph. "Conclusion." In Achieving Access. Cornell University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501709968.003.0009.
Анотація:
This chapter summarizes the overall argument and points to the influential role that elites from esteemed professions played in the institutionalization of policy in the three cases. While in all cases democratization provided new opportunities for professional movements in medicine to use the organizational vehicle of the state to advance universal health coverage and the power of the law to deepen commitments to essential medicine, The chapters relate how the differences in outcomes between Thailand and Brazil, on one hand, and South Africa, on the other, hinged on dramatically different political dynamics. I consider the contemporary state of professional movements and health reforms in the three countries; why health has remained a minor concern to mass movements; the durability of professional movements; the influence of professional movements in other policy domains and cases; and their relevance to the United States and other countries in the industrializing world.
9
Rhee, Eunice Y., Jade Y. Lo, Mark T. Kennedy, and Peer C. Fiss. "Things That Last? Category Creation, Imprinting, and Durability." In Research in the Sociology of Organizations, 295–325. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s0733-558x20170000051008.
10
Haberly, Daniel, and Dariusz Wójcik. "The Paradox of Sticky Power." In Sticky Power, 24–88. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198870982.003.0002.
Анотація:
Post-Keynesian models of finance place an emphasis on understanding how the tension between “animal-spirits”-driven endogenous monetary production, and stability-seeking liquidity preference, behaves cyclically over time. This chapter shows that a post-Keynesian model of finance also needs to be understood in terms of how this tension operates over space. Specifically, it shows that the architecture of the global financial network can be problematized in terms of the mediation of financial innovation-enabled monetary “quantity production” through an institutional process of monetary “quality production.” This monetary quality production has three key elements—liquidity production, legal production, and guaranteeing of value—which are undertaken through a three-pronged networked geographic division of labor between world cities, offshore jurisdictions, and world governments. Crucially, the logic of how these interact produces powerful tendencies toward the centralization of financial and political power; with power concentrating in the hands of financial “platform” firms monopolizing functions necessary for market operation, and in the hands of the few exceptionally powerful states able to extend their umbrella of double-edged sovereign “protection” to globe-spanning processes of international monetary production. While the cast of public and private actors who dominate the global financial network changes historically, the general contours of its organizational and evolutionary logic are remarkably stable, and essentially stretch back to the origins of western capitalism. Indeed, the basic paradox of finance is that the very fluid and unbounded nature of endogenous monetary production generates a powerful countervailing impulse toward durability and conservatism, which is inherently geographically mediated.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Organizational durability":
1
Kang, Hee-jin, and Sung-je Cho. "Differences in Durability based on Characteristics of Volunteers in their 40s and 50s." In Does Nonprofit Board of Directors Affect the Management of Social Welfare Organization?-Focusing on Social Workers’ Perception of Organizational Ethics. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2016.131.13.
2
Porcher, C. E. "The F-16 Common Engine Bay." In ASME 1985 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/85-gt-231.
Анотація:
In 1979 the United States Air Force elected under the Engine Model Derivative Program (EMDP) to explore derivative engine concepts by the General Electric Company and the Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Division of United Technology Corporation with the objective of improving engine durability and reducing engine ownership cost for future procurements of their first line fighter engines. Concurrently, General Dynamics was invited to develop the necessary airframe/engine interface definition to assure engine compatibility with the airplane requirements. This EMDP development culminated in 1981 with the Alternate Fighter Engine (AFE) competition with General Electric proposing the F110-GE-100 engine and Pratt and Whitney Aircraft proposing the F100-PW-220. Both engines were placed in Full Scale Development and both met the USAF objectives of 4000 TAC cycle life and improved engine cost and warranty for application to the F-15 and F-16 fighters. General Dynamics evolved the concept of the Common Engine Bay which has all aircraft interfaces compatible with either AFE engine and the current Pratt and Whitney Aircraft F100-PW-200 engine. The original F-16 nacelle design, with minor modification of the interfaces and engine mount structure, was adapted to permit full interchangeability for the F100-PW-200, F100-PW-220, or the F110-GE-100 engines. Design requirements were set to permit a common airplane with no break in the production line or aircraft model change and with appropriate simple kits to permit interchangeability of any of the three engines in the field at the organizational level. This manufacturing capability allows the USAF the flexibility to conduct subsequent competitive procurement of the engine.
3
Tanaka, Koichi, Makoto Yoshida, Toshifumi Kubo, Hirofumi Terazono, and Sazo Tsuruzono. "Development and Evaluation of Ceramic Components for Small Gas Turbine Engine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0531.
Анотація:
The 300kW class CGT project in Japan administered by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) under the sponsorship of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) was completed in March, 1999 after 11 years. The purposes of the project were energy conservation and environmental protection. The CGT302 group of the CGT project, in cooperation with Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI), achieved all of the project targets. The targets included the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C, a thermal efficiency of 42%, emissions below 70ppm, and a 1000hr engine durability test carried out at 1200°C1). To achieve such targets Kyocera has been developing various ceramic components such as large-sized stationary components, monolithic rotors and ceramic shrouds with abradable seal. These components have been successfully fabricated with SN281 and SN282. Damage was caused as a result of contact between the turbine blades and the shrouds. In order to reduce such damages, the shroud has been modified to incorporate an abradable material newly developed for this application, and an engine test has been carried out successfully with no damage. For practical use, the greatest concern is the durability of ceramic components. The ceramic components were evaluated in a 1000hr long term durability test. There were, however, some troubles for the GGT rotors and the engines were broken when the durability tests were carried out. Finally, only the combustor survived the 1000hr engine test at 1200°C. The material characteristics of the survived combustor along with other broken components were analyzed after the long-term engine tests. The test results revealed no obvious change in mechanical properties nor in blade shape. In this paper, the development of selected components is presented along with the evaluation results of components exposed to the long-term engine tests.
4
Prost, Victor, Heidi V. Peterson, and Amos G. Winter. "Multi-Keel Passive Prosthetic Foot Design Optimization Using the Lower Leg Trajectory Error Framework." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-67673.
Анотація:
Abstract People with lower-limb amputation in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) lack access to adequate prosthetic devices that would restore their mobility and increase their quality of life. This is largely due to the cost and durability of existing devices. Single-keel energy storage and return (ESR) prosthetic feet have recently been developed to provide improved walking benefits at an affordable cost in LMICs. These low-cost single-keel ESR feet were created using a novel design methodology, the lower leg trajectory error (LLTE) framework. The LLTE framework enables the optimization of the stiffness and geometry of a user’s prosthesis to match a target walking pattern. However, these low-cost single-keel ESR prostheses do not provide the required durability to fulfill the international standards organization (ISO) testing, which prevents their widespread use and adoption. In this work, we developed a multi-keel prosthetic foot parametric model, and extended the LLTE framework to include this multi-keel architecture and the durability requirements. This extended LLTE framework enabled the design of durable and low-cost multi-keel ESR prosthetic feet made of Nylon 6/6. Multi-keel foot designs were shown to provide 76% improved walking performance (lower LLTE values) compared with single-keel ESR designs. Load testing of prototype multi-keel feet validated the multi-keel constitutive model predictions used in the LLTE framework. The measured deflections of the prototypes under load were accurately described with an average error of 0.6 ± 0.4 mm (5.7 ± 4.2%). These multi-keel feet designed using the extended LLTE framework withstood ISO fatigue and static tests, validating their durability. Given their single-part 2D extruded geometries, multi-keel feet designed with the extended LLTE framework could be cost-effectively manufactured, providing affordable and durable high-performance prostheses that improves the mobility of LMIC users.
5
Garcez, Letícia, Ana Claudia Tavares Rodrigues, Fausto Orsi Medola, Luciana Ramos Baleotti, Frode Eika Sandnes, and Atiyeh Vaezipour. "Users’ Satisfaction with an Assistive Device and Quality of Life: A preliminary study on lower limb prosthetics." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001643.
Анотація:
Quality of life refers to the individual perception of each person regarding their objectives, expectations and achievements, according to their stage of life and contexts of material, physical, emotional and social conditions. Assistive Technology devices can improve the individual’s performance in many domains related to daily activities, which are linked to independence and social participation. The user’s satisfaction is an important factor for the successful use of assistive devices. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the quality of life and the users’ satisfaction with their lower limb prostheses. Eleven individuals aged between 20 and 54 years participated in the study. All participants were interviewed by telephone responding to the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF), both in its Brazilian version. The highest frequency of positive responses (“very satisfied” or “quite satisfied”) were found in the professional service (90%), efficacy (81.8%) and weight (81.8%), while durability (27.3%), repairs and technical assistance (27.3%) and follow-up service (27.3%) were the factors with highest frequencies of dissatisfaction (responses of “not satisfied at all” or “not very satisfied”) in the QUEST 2.0. Participants indicated comfort (27.3%), durability (21.2%) and safety (21.2%) as the most important aspects for satisfaction with their prostheses. When it comes to the quality of life in the WHOQOL-BREF, the mean of the participants' scores was 74.2%, with similar scores for the domains of physical health (75.6±12.8), psychological (80.7±9.4), social relationships (74.2±15.1) and environment (66.5±16.2). This study contributed to the comprehension of the main factors of the assistive device and service that influence the satisfaction of prostheses’ users, and the correlation with their quality of life. Improvements are still needed in some aspects in lower limb prostheses in order to better meet the users’ needs.
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Kobayashi, Hirotake, Tetsuo Tatsumi, Takashi Nakashima, Isashi Takehara, and Yoshihiro Ichikawa. "Current Status of Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT302)." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-501.
Анотація:
In Japan, from the point of view of energy saving and environmental protection, a 300kW Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) Research and Development program started in 1988 and is still continuing as a part of “the New Sunshine Project” promoted by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITT). The final target of the program is to achieve 42% thermal efficiency at 1350°C of turbine inlet temperature (TIT) and to keep NOx emissions below present national regulations. Under contract to the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI) has been developing the CGT302 with Kyocera Corporation and Sumitomo Precision Products Co., Ltd. By the end of the fiscal year 1996, the CGT302 achieved 37.0% thermal efficiency at 1280°C of TIT. In 1997, TIT reached 1350°C and a durability operation for 20 hours at 1350°C was conducted successfully. Also fairly low NOx was proved at 1300°C of TIT. In January 1998, the CGT302 has achieved 37.4% thermal efficiency at 1250°C TIT. In this paper, we will describe our approaches to the target performance of the CGT302 and current status.
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Rudrapatna, Nagaraja, Bradley Lutz, and Harry Kington. "Next Generation APS Porous TBC for Gas Turbine Combustors." In ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82756.
Анотація:
Abstract Modern gas turbine combustors rely on thermal barrier coatings (TBC) in addition to sophisticated cooling strategies to survive high temperature environments. The need for lower emissions either driven by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) regulations or by customers desire for green engines often necessitates increased air budget for improved mixing, thus resulting in less available cooling flow. Even with state-of-the-art cooling schemes to offset reduced cooling air allocation, combustors can benefit from better TBC performance to mitigate durability challenges. This paper showcases the next generation Air Plasma Spray (APS) porous TBC developed by Honeywell as well as discusses tests performed and results gathered to assess its suitability for combustor application. A configured test specimen was utilized to evaluate suitability of new coating system for combustor application. The configured specimen captures the material system, geometric features, manufacturing, and assembly process associated with combustor fabrication and thus provides a realistic environment for performance assessment. The configured specimen test results indicate the new APS porous TBC showed better performance than the standard 6–8% Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) porous TBC. The new TBC with its lower conductivity at higher temperature, increased thickness capability, and superior stability at substantially higher temperature than 6–8% YSZ TBC enables hot section components to survive hotter engine cycles.
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Fukudome, Takero, Sazo Tsuruzono, Wataru Karasawa, and Yoshihiro Ichikawa. "Development and Evaluation of Ceramic Components for Gas Turbine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30627.
Анотація:
An 8000 kW class Hybrid Gas Turbine (HGT) project, administered by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), has been ongoing since July of 1999 in Japan. Targets of this project are improvement in thermal efficiency and output power by using ceramic components, and early commercialization of the gas turbine system. The ceramic components are used for stationary parts subjected to high temperature, such as combustor liners, transition ducts, and first stage turbine nozzles. Development of the gas turbine is conducted by Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI), to achieve the Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) of 1250°C, thermal efficiency of 34%, NOx emission less than standard regulation values, and 4,000 h engine durability. Kyocera is in charge of the development and evaluation of the ceramic components. Recently, recession of the Si based ceramic materials under the combustion gas is the focus of attention to improve the reliability of ceramic components for gas turbine. For the HGT project, the silicon nitride material (SN282 : silicon nitride material produced by Kyocera Corporation) is used for the components subjected to high temperature. The SN282 was evaluated under the combustion gas, and clear recession was observed. Our technology of the Environmental Barrier Coating (EBC) is under development to obtain reliable heat resistive SN282 components, against the recession by combustion gas. Reliability of the SN282 with EBC has been evaluated by exposure and hydrothermal corrosion test. Ceramic components made of SN282 with EBC will be also evaluated by a proof engine test of 4,000 h, which starts in the spring of 2002.
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Raina, Pranav, Roy J. Primus, Vijayaselvan Jayakar, Dayanand T. Harish, and Aravind Kalavara. "Development of an Empirical Model to Predict Sulfuric Acid Condensate Formation in Air Handling System of Medium Speed Diesel Engines." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66547.
Анотація:
One of the biggest challenges for engines used in Marine industry is to burn fuels of varied compositions, since the vessels often move from regions with highly regulated fuels to regions with no regulations, unlike their on-road and other stationary counterparts. This poses an enormous risk to the performance, reliability, durability and service life of engines that employ exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) as a prime technology to meet stringent emission regulations, laid out by various regulating bodies across the globe like the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and International Maritime Organization (IMO). Operating on fuels with higher Sulfur content poses a risk of reduced engine component life, due to the formation of concentrated Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), which, if not handled carefully, would lead to higher rates of corrosion on engine parts. Hence, the ability to predict the potential for H2SO4 formation as well its quantity to be handled is essential. This research paper focuses on the development of an empirical model to predict the amount of H2SO4 condensate that can be formed in the air handling system of medium speed diesel engines. The model utilizes a combination of fundamental physics, chemistry, thermodynamics and chemical kinetics. The H2SO4 prediction calculation employs basic measurable parameters from a running engine, such as engine speed, load, EGR flow rate, fuel flow rate, fuel Sulfur concentration to compute a molar balance of hydrocarbon fuel and combustion air quantities along the entire range of engine operation, providing the amount of H2SO4 condensate formed. This is done primarily at EGR cooler, where the recycled exhaust gas gets cooled primarily and the EGR mixer, where it gets cooled further after coming in contact with the charge air and are identified as critical locations.
10
Eichman, Josh, Jack Brouwer, and Scott Samuelsen. "Exploration and Prioritization of Fuel Cell Commercialization Barriers for Use in the Development of a Fuel Cell Roadmap and Action Plan for California." In ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2009-85065.
Анотація:
Barriers to fuel cell commercialization are often introduced as general challenges, such as cost and durability, without definition of the terms and usually without prioritizing the degree to which each of these barriers hinders the development of fuel cell technology. This work acts to objectively determine the importance of technology barriers to fuel cell commercialization and to develop a list of appropriate actions to overcome these barriers especially as they relate to the California market. Using previous fuel cell roadmaps and action plans along with feedback from the fuel cell community, benchmarks (i.e., the current technology status) and milestones (i.e., the desired technology status) for fuel cell technology are explored. Understanding the benchmarks and milestones enables the development of a list of fuel cell commercialization barriers. These barriers or gaps represent issues, which if addressed, will enhance the market feasibility and acceptance of fuel cell technologies. The research process determined that the best technique to address these barriers and bridge the gaps between fuel cell benchmarks and milestones is to develop specific research projects to address individual commercialization barriers or collections of barriers. This technique allows for a high resolution of issues while presenting the material in a form that is conducive to planning for organizations like industry, regulatory bodies, universities, and government entities that desire to pursue the most promising projects. The current analyses resulted in three distinct research and development areas that are considered most important based upon the results. The first and most important research and development area is associated with technologies that address the connection and interaction of fuel cells with the electric grid. This R&D area is followed in importance by the production, use and availability of opportunity fuels in fuel cell systems. The third most important category concerned the development and infrastructure required for transportation related fuel cell systems. In each of these areas the fuel cell community identified demonstration and deployment projects as the most important types of projects to pursue since they tend to address multiple barriers in many different types of markets for fuel cell technology. Other high priority types of projects are those that addresses environmental and grid related barriers. The analyses found that Cost / Value to Customer, System Integration and Customer Requirements were the most important barriers that affect the development and market acceptance of fuel cell technology.
Звіти організацій з теми "Organizational durability":
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Rieger, Oya Y., Roger Schonfeld, and Liam Sweeney. The Effectiveness and Durability of Digital Preservation and Curation Systems. Ithaka S+R, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18665/sr.316990.
Анотація:
In August 2020, with funding from the Institute of Library and Museum Services (IMLS), Ithaka S+R launched an 18-month research project to examine and assess the sustainability of these third-party digital preservation systems. In addition to a broad examination of the landscape, we more closely studied eight systems: APTrust, Archivematica, Arkivum, Islandora, LIBNOVA, MetaArchive, Samvera and Preservica. Specifically, we assessed what works well and the challenges and risk factors these systems face in their ability to continue to successfully serve their mission and the needs of the market. In scoping this project and selecting these organizations, we intentionally included a combination of profit-seeking and not-for-profit initiatives, focusing on third-party preservation platforms rather than programmatic preservation. Because so many heritage organizations pursue the preservation imperative for their collections with increasingly limited resources, we examine not only the sustainability of the providers but also the decision-making processes of heritage organizations and the challenges they face in working with the providers.