Статті в журналах: "P9"

1

Stansfield, W. E., N. C. Moss, R. Tang, and C. H. Selzman. "P9." Journal of Surgical Research 137, no. 2 (February 2007): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2006.12.236.

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Gao, Xiang, Ting Yang, Liyue Huang, Eddie Weitzberg, Jon Lundberg, A. Erik G. Persson, and Mattias Carlström. "P9." Nitric Oxide 31 (April 2013): S16—S17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2013.02.011.

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3

Harvey, Heather, Gayle Coleman, Barbara Duerst, Angela Flickinger, Mary Novak, Lucia Patrillo, Jenny Wehmeier, Lori Zierl, and Judy Arneson. "P9." Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 38, no. 4 (July 2006): S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2006.04.015.

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4

Wilson, Mary P., Kerry Seymour, and Joe Dibble. "P9." Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 39, no. 4 (July 2007): S108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2007.04.299.

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5

McCloskey, Carol A., and Ramesh C. Ramanathan. "P9." Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases 2, no. 3 (May 2006): 312–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2006.04.084.

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6

Carlin, Arthur M., Sameeh Kawar, Elizabeth A. O’Connor, and Jeffrey A. Genaw. "P9." Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases 3, no. 3 (May 2007): 301–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2007.03.076.

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7

Fan, Kenneth L., F. Albino, KM Patel, and MY Nahabedian. "Abstract P9." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 131 (May 2013): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000430173.43386.b2.

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8

Kostereva, Nataliya, Vincent Lee, Kimimasa Tobita, Jignesh Unadkat, Jonas Schnider, Chiaki Komatsu, Mario Solari, and Vijay Gorantla. "Abstract P9." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 133 (March 2014): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000445005.33742.6c.

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9

Coroneos, Christopher James, Sophocles Voineskos, Marie K. Coroneos, Noor Alolabi, Serge Goekjian, Lauren Willoughby, Achilleas Thoma, James R. Bain, and Melissa C. Brouwers. "Abstract P9." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 133 (April 2014): 1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000445855.95652.7c.

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10

Liang, Fan, Stephen Yen, Luke Sanborn, Leia Yen, Ellynore Florendo, Mark Urata, and Jeffrey Hammoudeh. "Abstract P9." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 135 (April 2015): 1214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000463329.23053.04.

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11

Liang, Fan, Stephen Yen, Luke Sanborn, Leia Yen, Ellynore Florendo, Mark Urata, and Jeffrey Hammoudeh. "Abstract P9." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 135, no. 4 (April 2015): 1214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000463978.46194.a9.

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12

Duraes, Eliana F. R., Paul Durand, Andrea Moreira, Joao Batista de Sousa, Risal S. Djohan, James Zins, Steven Bernard, and Graham S. Schwarz. "Abstract P9." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 135 (May 2015): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000465635.63678.19.

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13

Wong, Alison L., Gurjot S. Walia, Ricardo J. Bello, Carla S. Aquino, and Justin M. Sacks. "Abstract P9." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open 5 (April 2017): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.gox.0000516666.93739.35.

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14

Lembrechts, R., I. Brouns, I. Pintelon, K. Schnorbusch, J. P. Timmermans, and D. Adriaensen. "P9 Sensory." Autonomic Neuroscience 149, no. 1-2 (August 2009): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2009.05.239.

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15

Zhu, Changlian, Lin Qiu, Xiaoyang Wang, Falin Xu, Michael Nilsson, Christiana Cooper-Kuhn, H. Georg Kuhn, and Klas Blomgren. "Age-Dependent Regenerative Responses in the Striatum and Cortex after Hypoxia-Ischemia." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 29, no. 2 (November 5, 2008): 342–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2008.124.

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Regenerative responses after hypoxia-ischemia (HI) were investigated in the immature (P9) and juvenile (P21) mouse striatum and cortex by postischemic 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine labeling and phenotyping of labeled cells 4 weeks later. HI stimulated the formation of new cells in striatum and cortex in immature, growing brains (P9), but when brain growth was finished (P21) proliferation could be stimulated only in striatum, not in cortex. However, the relative increase was higher in P21 (460%) than P9 striatum (50%), though starting from a lower level at P21. Starting from this lower level, HI-induced proliferation in P21 striatum reached the same level as in P9 striatum, but not higher. Phenotyping revealed that low levels of neurogenesis were still present in nonischemic P9 cortex and striatum, but only in striatum at P21. Ischemia-induced neurogenesis was found only in P9 striatum. Ischemia-induced gliogenesis occurred in P9 and P21 striatum as well as P9 cortex, but not in P21 cortex. Hence, the regenerative response was stronger in striatum than cortex, and stronger in P9 than P21 cortex. The biggest ischemia-induced change was the 49-fold increase in P21 striatal microglia, and this was accompanied by increased inflammation, as judged by the size and numbers of CCL2- and interleukin-18-positive cells.

16

Wu, Jianyan, Jia Li, Xiang Mao, Weiwu Wang, Zhaobang Cheng, Yijun Zhou, Xueping Zhou, and Xiaorong Tao. "Viroplasm Protein P9-1 ofRice Black-Streaked Dwarf VirusPreferentially Binds to Single-Stranded RNA in Its Octamer Form, and the Central Interior Structure Formed by This Octamer Constitutes the Major RNA Binding Site." Journal of Virology 87, no. 23 (September 25, 2013): 12885–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02264-13.

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The P9-1 protein ofRice black-streaked dwarf virus(RBSDV) is an essential part of the viroplasm. However, little is known about its nature or biological function in the viroplasm. In this study, the structure and function of P9-1 were analyzed forin vitrobinding to nucleic acids. We found that the P9-1 protein preferentially bound to single-stranded versus double-stranded nucleic acids; however, the protein displayed no preference for RBSDV versus non-RBSDV single-stranded ssRNA (ssRNA). A gel mobility shift assay revealed that the RNA gradually shifted as increasing amounts of P9-1 were added, suggesting that multiple subunits of P9-1 bind to ssRNA. By using discontinuous blue native gel and chromatography analysis, we found that the P9-1 protein was capable of forming dimers, tetramers, and octamers. Strikingly, we demonstrated that P9-1 preferentially bound to ssRNA in the octamer, rather than the dimer, form. Deletion of the C-terminal arm resulted in P9-1 no longer forming octamers; consequently, the deletion mutant protein bound to ssRNA with significantly lower affinity and with fewer copies bound per ssRNA. Alanine substitution analysis revealed that electropositive amino acids among residues 25 to 44 are important for RNA binding and map to the central interior structure that was formed only by P9-1 octamers. Collectively, our findings provide novel insights into the structure and function of RBSDV viroplasm protein P9-1 binding to RNA.

17

Kokoszyński, D., Z. Bernacki, M. Biegniewska, M. Saleh, K. Stęczny, R. Zwierzyński, M. Kotowicz, et al. "Carcass, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of meat from genetic reserve ducks after two reproductive seasons." South African Journal of Animal Science 50, no. 1 (April 20, 2020): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v50i1.7.

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The aim of the study was to compare carcass composition and meat quality of i) Pekin ducks of French origin (P9), ii) crosses of wild mallard and Pekin duck (K2), and iii) crosses of Khaki Campbell drakes and Orpington Fauve ducks (KhO1). Twenty carcasses from 110-week-old ducks of each genetic group were used. Carcass weight of P9 was significantly higher than that of K2 and KhO1. Carcasses of K2 ducks had a significantly lower percentage of neck and leg muscles and giblet weight compared with P9 and KhO1 ducks, while carcasses of KhO1 ducks had a significantly higher percentage of wing meat compared with K2 and P9, and a significantly lower percentage of breast muscles compared with P9 ducks. Breast and leg muscles of P9 contained significantly more water than those of K2 and KhO1, and the breast muscles of P9 ducks had more protein and less fat than those of KhO1 birds. The leg muscles of KhO1 contained significantly more protein, and those of K2 had significantly more fat than the other duck groups. Breast muscles of P9 and KhO1 ducks had significantly more collagen but had less in leg muscles compared with K2. Breast fillets from P9 ducks showed higher L*, a*, and b* colour values and shear force than K2 and KhO1 ducks. Keywords: carcass composition, conservation flocks, meat quality, spent duck

18

Maslovsky, I., A. Kiselevich, M. Berman, and D. Gefel. "P9 Cyanotic polycythemia." European Journal of Internal Medicine 14 (September 2003): S35—S36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0953-6205(03)91272-6.

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19

Chen, Chaoping, Feng Li, and Ronald C. Montelaro. "Functional Roles of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus Gag p9 in Viral Budding and Infection." Journal of Virology 75, no. 20 (October 15, 2001): 9762–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.20.9762-9770.2001.

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ABSTRACT Previous studies utilizing Gag polyprotein budding assays with transfected cells reveal that the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) Gag p9 protein provides a late assembly function mediated by a critical Y23P24D25L26 motif (L-domain) to release viral particles from the plasma membrane. To elucidate further the role of EIAV p9 in virus assembly and replication, we have examined the replication properties of a defined series of p9 truncation and site-directed mutations in the context of a reference infectious molecular proviral clone, EIAVuk. Characterization of these p9 proviral mutants revealed new functional properties of p9 in EIAV replication, not previously elucidated by Gag polyprotein budding assays. The results of these studies demonstrated that only the N-terminal 31 amino acids of a total of 51 residues in the complete p9 protein were required to maintain replication competence in transfected equine cells; proviral mutants with p9 C-terminal truncations of 20 or fewer amino acids remained replication competent, while mutants with truncations of 21 or more residues were completely replication defective. The inability of the defective p9 proviral mutations to produce infectious virus could not be attributed to defects in Gag polyprotein expression or processing, in virion RT activity, or in virus budding. While proviral replication competence appeared to be associated with the presence of a K30K31 motif and potential ubiquitination of the EIAV p9 protein, mutations of these lysine residues to methionines produced variant proviruses that replicated as well as the parental EIAVuk in transfected ED cells. Thus, these observations reveal for the first time that EIAV p9 is not absolutely required for virus budding in the context of proviral gene expression, suggesting that other EIAV proteins can at least in part mediate late budding functions previously associated with the p9 protein. In addition, the data define a function for EIAV p9 in the infectivity of virus particles, indicating a previously unrecognized role for this Gag protein in EIAV replication.

20

Ekino, Taisuke, Suguru E. Tanaka, Natsumi Kanzaki, and Yuko Takeuchi-Kaneko. "Tolerance to oxidative stress of inbred strains of the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, differing in terms of virulence." Nematology 20, no. 6 (2018): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003158.

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Summary The virulence of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the pine wood nematode, varies greatly among different populations. Two inbred strains, called P3 and P9, were recently established via repeated full-sib mating. They exhibited remarkable differences in pathogenicity-related traits. Although their propagation did not differ when cultured on fungal lawns, P9 reproduced better in host seedlings and exhibited higher virulence. In the present study, we obtained fundamental information about P3 and P9 in terms of tolerance to oxidative stress and examined this tolerance and the cuticular ultrastructure. P9 survived better under hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-stressed conditions than did P3. In addition, P9 had a thicker cuticle than P3. Although further studies are needed, these results suggest that the difference in tolerance in P3 and P9 was due not only to physiological features, such as H2O2-degrading ability, but also to physical factors (cuticle thickness).

21

Fienga, A., A. Di Ruscio, L. Bernus, P. Deram, D. Durante, J. Laskar, and L. Iess. "New constraints on the location of P9 obtained with the INPOP19a planetary ephemeris." Astronomy & Astrophysics 640 (July 28, 2020): A6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202037919.

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Context. We used the new released INPOP19a planetary ephemerides benefiting from Jupiter-updated positions by the Juno mission and reanalyzed Cassini observations. Aims. We test possible locations of the unknown planet P9. To do this, we used the perturbations it produces on the orbits of the outer planets, more specifically, on the orbit of Saturn. Methods. Two statistical criteria were used to identify possible acceptable locations of P9 according to (i) the difference in planetary positions when P9 is included compared with the propagated covariance matrix, and (ii) the χ2 likelihood of postfit residuals for ephemerides when P9 is included. Results. No significant improvement of the residuals was found for any of the simulated locations, but we provide zones that induce a significant degradation of the ephemerides. Conclusions. Based on the INPOP19a planetary ephemerides, we demonstrate that if P9 exists, it cannot be closer than 500 AU with a 5 M⊕ and no closer than 650 AU with a 10 M⊕. We also show that there is no clear zone that would indicate the positive existence of planet P9, but there are zones for which the existence of P9 is compatible with the 3σ accuracy of the INPOP planetary ephemerides.

22

Sun, Liying, Li Xie, Ida Bagus Andika, Zilong Tan, and Jianping Chen. "Non-structural protein P6 encoded by rice black-streaked dwarf virus is recruited to viral inclusion bodies by binding to the viroplasm matrix protein P9-1." Journal of General Virology 94, no. 8 (August 1, 2013): 1908–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.051698-0.

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Like other members of the family Reoviridae, rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV, genus Fijivirus) is thought to replicate and assemble within cytoplasmic viral inclusion bodies, commonly called viroplasms. RBSDV P9-1 is the key protein for the formation of viroplasms, but little is known about the other proteins of the viroplasm or the molecular interactions amongst its components. RBSDV non-structural proteins were screened for their association with P9-1 using a co-immunoprecipitation assay. Only P6 was found to directly interact with P9-1, an interaction that was confirmed by bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that P6 and P9-1 co-localized in electron-dense inclusion bodies, indicating that P6 is a constituent of the viroplasm. In addition, non-structural protein P5 also localized to viroplasms and interacted with P6. In Sf9 cells, P6 was diffusely distributed throughout the cytoplasm when expressed alone, but localized to inclusions when co-expressed with P9-1, suggesting that P6 is recruited to viral inclusion bodies by binding to P9-1. P5 localized to the inclusions formed by P9-1 when co-expressed with P6 but did not when P6 was absent, suggesting that P5 is recruited to viroplasms by binding to P6. This study provides a model by which viral non-structural proteins are recruited to RBSDV viroplasms.

23

Andreote, Fernando Dini, Welington L. de Araújo, João L. de Azevedo, Jan Dirk van Elsas, Ulisses Nunes da Rocha, and Leonard S. van Overbeek. "Endophytic Colonization of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) by a Novel Competent Bacterial Endophyte, Pseudomonas putida Strain P9, and Its Effect on Associated Bacterial Communities." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 11 (March 27, 2009): 3396–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00491-09.

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ABSTRACT Pseudomonas putida strain P9 is a novel competent endophyte from potato. P9 causes cultivar-dependent suppression of Phytophthora infestans. Colonization of the rhizoplane and endosphere of potato plants by P9 and its rifampin-resistant derivative P9R was studied. The purposes of this work were to follow the fate of P9 inside growing potato plants and to establish its effect on associated microbial communities. The effects of P9 and P9R inoculation were studied in two separate experiments. The roots of transplants of three different cultivars of potato were dipped in suspensions of P9 or P9R cells, and the plants were planted in soil. The fate of both strains was followed by examining colony growth and by performing PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). Colonies of both strains were recovered from rhizoplane and endosphere samples of all three cultivars at two growth stages. A conspicuous band, representing P9 and P9R, was found in all Pseudomonas PCR-DGGE fingerprints for treated plants. The numbers of P9R CFU and the P9R-specific band intensities for the different replicate samples were positively correlated, as determined by linear regression analysis. The effects of plant growth stage, genotype, and the presence of P9R on associated microbial communities were examined by multivariate and unweighted-pair group method with arithmetic mean cluster analyses of PCR-DGGE fingerprints. The presence of strain P9R had an effect on bacterial groups identified as Pseudomonas azotoformans, Pseudomonas veronii, and Pseudomonas syringae. In conclusion, strain P9 is an avid colonizer of potato plants, competing with microbial populations indigenous to the potato phytosphere. Bacterization with a biocontrol agent has an important and previously unexplored effect on plant-associated communities.

24

Zhang, Chaozheng, Yueyong Liu, Liyue Liu, Zhiyong Lou, Hongyan Zhang, Hongqin Miao, Xuebo Hu, Yanping Pang та Bingsheng Qiu. "Rice black streaked dwarf virus P9-1, an α-helical protein, self-interacts and forms viroplasms in vivo". Journal of General Virology 89, № 7 (1 липня 2008): 1770–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.2008/000109-0.

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Replication and assembly of viruses from the family Reoviridae are thought to take place in discrete cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, commonly called viral factories or viroplasms. Rice black streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) P9-1, a non-structural protein, has been confirmed to accumulate in these intracellular viroplasms in infected plants and insects. However, little is known about its exact function. In this study, P9-1 of RBSDV-Baoding was expressed in Escherichia coli as a His-tagged fusion protein and analysed using biochemical and biophysical techniques. Mass spectrometry and circular dichroism spectroscopy studies showed that P9-1 was a thermostable, α-helical protein with a molecular mass of 41.804 kDa. A combination of gel-filtration chromatography, chemical cross-linking and a yeast two-hybrid assay was used to demonstrate that P9-1 had the intrinsic ability to self-interact and form homodimers in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, when transiently expressed in Arabidopsis protoplasts, P9-1 formed large, discrete viroplasm-like structures in the absence of infection or other RBSDV proteins. Taken together, these results suggest that P9-1 is the minimal viral component required for viroplasm formation and that it plays an important role in the early stages of the virus life cycle by forming intracellular viroplasms that serve as the sites of virus replication and assembly.

25

Wang, N. F., Y. H. Shi, J. Sun, and G. W. Le. "Evaluation of Peanut Flour Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria as a Probiotic Food." Food Science and Technology International 13, no. 6 (December 2007): 469–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013208088370.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the probiotic value of peanut flour fermented with lactic acid bacteria in vitro and in vivo. Four strains including Lactobacillus delbrueckii LD09, Lactobacillus casei LC35, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA51, and Lactobacillus plantarum P9 were screened for their growth and survival in peanut flour. Among all the strains, L. plantarum P9 grew to the highest cell population (9.48 log cfu/g) in peanut flour after 72 h fermentation at 37°C. After 28 days storage at 4°C, no marked change in the viable count of this strain was observed. Peanut flour fermented with L. plantarum P9 could also increase the content of crude protein and the degree of protein hydrolysis. In an in vitro system, the addition of protein from the fermented peanut flour greatly enhanced the survival of L. plantarum P9 in simulated gastric and bile juices. In vivo studies, supplementation with the fermented peanut flour in the diet of mice increased significantly the number of lactobacilli in the fecal samples compared to the control group. At the same time, the number of enterobacteria decreased significantly. These results indicated that peanut flour fermented with L. plantarum P9 strain could be a novel type of probiotic food.

26

Birchenough, George M. H., Malin E. V. Johansson, Richard A. Stabler, Fatma Dalgakiran, Gunnar C. Hansson, Brendan W. Wren, J. Paul Luzio, and Peter W. Taylor. "Altered Innate Defenses in the Neonatal Gastrointestinal Tract in Response to Colonization by Neuropathogenic Escherichia coli." Infection and Immunity 81, no. 9 (June 24, 2013): 3264–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00268-13.

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ABSTRACTTwo-day-old (P2), but not 9-day-old (P9), rat pups are susceptible to systemic infection following gastrointestinal colonization byEscherichia coliK1. Age dependency reflects the capacity of colonizing K1 to translocate from gastrointestinal (GI) tract to blood. A complex GI microbiota developed by P2, showed little variation over P2 to P9, and did not prevent stable K1 colonization. Substantial developmental expression was observed over P2 to P9, including upregulation of genes encoding components of the small intestinal (α-defensins Defa24 and Defa-rs1) and colonic (trefoil factor Tff2) mucus barrier. K1 colonization modulated expression of these peptides: developmental expression of Tff2 was dysregulated in P2 tissues and was accompanied by a decrease in mucin Muc2. Conversely, α-defensin genes were upregulated in P9 tissues. We propose that incomplete development of the mucus barrier during early neonatal life and the capacity of colonizing K1 to interfere with mucus barrier maturation provide opportunities for neuropathogen translocation into the bloodstream.

27

Douplik, A. "P9 Photodynamic therapy with nanoparticles." Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 7 (July 2010): S35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1572-1000(10)70102-2.

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28

Bouvenot, J., J. C. Delaroziere, B. Devictor, and R. Sambuc. "P9-14 L’hémodialyse en PACA." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 52 (September 2004): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0398-7620(04)99323-6.

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29

Dempsey, P. "The Teardown: Huawei P9 smartphone." Engineering & Technology 11, no. 9 (October 1, 2016): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2016.0926.

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30

Li, Long, Jianming Qiu, and David J. Pintel. "The Choice of Translation Initiation Site of the Rep Proteins from Goose Parvovirus P9-Generated mRNA Is Governed by Splicing and the Nature of the Excised Intron." Journal of Virology 83, no. 19 (July 22, 2009): 10264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01255-09.

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ABSTRACT The goose parvovirus (GPV) Rep 1 and Rep 2 proteins are encoded by P9-generated mRNAs that are either unspliced or spliced within the rep gene region, respectively. These mRNAs are present in an approximately equal ratio. The translation of Rep 1 was initiated from the first AUG in unspliced P9-generated mRNA; however, this AUG was bypassed in spliced P9-generated RNA and Rep 2 translation initiated predominately at the next initiating AUG downstream. We show that the choice of the site of initiation of translation of GPV Rep-encoding mRNAs is governed both by the splicing process itself and by the nature of the excised intron.

31

Clark, Christopher James. "Fluttering wing feathers produce the flight sounds of male streamertail hummingbirds." Biology Letters 4, no. 4 (May 27, 2008): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2008.0252.

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Sounds produced continuously during flight potentially play important roles in avian communication, but the mechanisms underlying these sounds have received little attention. Adult male Red-billed Streamertail hummingbirds ( Trochilus polytmus ) bear elongated tail streamers and produce a distinctive ‘whirring’ flight sound, whereas subadult males and females do not. The production of this sound, which is a pulsed tone with a mean frequency of 858 Hz, has been attributed to these distinctive tail streamers. However, tail-less streamertails can still produce the flight sound. Three lines of evidence implicate the wings instead. First, it is pulsed in synchrony with the 29 Hz wingbeat frequency. Second, a high-speed video showed that primary feather eight (P8) bends during each downstroke, creating a gap between P8 and primary feather nine (P9). Manipulating either P8 or P9 reduced the production of the flight sound. Third, laboratory experiments indicated that both P8 and P9 can produce tones over a range of 700–900 Hz. The wings therefore produce the distinctive flight sound, enabled via subtle morphological changes to the structure of P8 and P9.

32

Qiao, Wenjie, Erin Helpio, and Bryce Falk. "Two Crinivirus-Conserved Small Proteins, P5 and P9, Are Indispensable for Efficient Lettuce infectious yellows virus Infectivity in Plants." Viruses 10, no. 9 (August 28, 2018): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10090459.

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Genomic analysis of Lettuce infectious yellows virus (LIYV) has revealed two short open reading frames (ORFs) on LIYV RNA2, that are predicted to encode a 5-kDa (P5) and a 9-kDa (P9) protein. The P5 ORF is part of the conserved quintuple gene block in the family Closteroviridae, while P9 orthologs are found in all Criniviruses. In this study, the expression of LIYV P5 and P9 proteins was confirmed; P5 is further characterized as an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized integral transmembrane protein and P9 is a soluble protein. The knockout LIYV mutants presented reduced symptom severity and virus accumulation in Nicotiana benthamiana or lettuce plants, indicating their importance in efficient virus infection. The P5 mutant was successfully complemented by a dislocated P5 in the LIYV genome. The structural regions of P5 were tested and all were found to be required for the appropriate functions of P5. In addition, P5, as well as its ortholog P6, encoded by Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) and another ER-localized protein encoded by LIYV RNA1, were found to cause cell death when expressed in N. benthamiana plants from a TMV vector, and induce ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR).

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Sheldon, R. Ann, Christine Windsor, and Donna M. Ferriero. "Strain-Related Differences in Mouse Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia." Developmental Neuroscience 40, no. 5-6 (2018): 490–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000495880.

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Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is commonly studied by means of the Vannucci procedure in mice or rats (unilateral common carotid artery occlusion followed by hypoxia). Previously, we modified the postnatal day 7 (P7) rat procedure for use in mice, and later demonstrated that genetic strain strongly influences the degree of brain injury in the P7 mouse model of hypoxia-ischemia (HI). Recently, the P9 or P10 mouse brain was recognized as the developmental equivalent of a term neonatal human brain, rather than P7. Consequently, the Vannucci procedure has again been modified, and a commonly used protocol employs 10% oxygen for 50 min in C57Bl/6 mice. Strain differences have yet to be described for the P9/P10 mouse model. In order to determine if the strain differences we previously reported in the P7 mouse model are present in the P9 model, we compared 2 commonly used strains, CD1 and C57Bl/6J, in both the P7 (carotid ligation [in this case, right] followed by exposure to 8% oxygen for 30 min) and P9 (carotid ligation [in this case left] followed by exposure to 10% oxygen) models of HI. Experiments using the P7 model were performed in 2001–2012 and those using the P9 model were performed in 2012–2016. Five to seven days after the HI procedure, mice were perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde, their brains were sectioned on a Vibratome (50 µm) and alternate sections were stained with Perl’s iron stain or cresyl violet. Brain sections were examined microscopically and scored for the degree of injury. Since brains in the P7 group had been scored previously with a slightly different system, they were reanalyzed using our current scoring system which scores injury in 11 regions: the anterior, middle, and posterior cortex; the anterior, middle, and posterior striatum; CA1, CA2, CA3, and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and thalamus, on a scale from 0 (none) to 3 (cystic infarct) for a total score of 0–33. Brains in the P9 group were scored with the same system. Given the same insult, the P7 CD1 mice had greater injury than the C57Bl/6J mice, which agrees with our previous findings. The P9 CD1 mice also had greater injury than the C57Bl/6J mice. This study confirms that CD1 mice are more susceptible to injury than C57Bl/6J mice and that strain selection is important when using mouse models of HI.

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Zhang, F., J. R. Goldsmith, and J. H. Byrne. "Neural analogue of long-term sensitization training produces long-term (24 and 48 h) facilitation of the sensory-to-motor neuron connection in Aplysia." Journal of Neurophysiology 72, no. 2 (August 1, 1994): 778–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.72.2.778.

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1. An in vitro analogue of long-term sensitization training was used to gain insights into the mechanisms and time course of the memory for long-term sensitization in Aplysia. The analogue, consisting of four blocks of shocks, was delivered to peripheral nerves of the isolated pleural-pedal ganglia, which contain the sensory neurons and motor neurons that mediate the tail withdrawal reflex. 2. Long-term facilitation of the connections between the sensory neurons and motor neurons was produced by the conjoint stimulation of two peripheral nerves, P8 and P9. Long-term facilitation, however, was not observed after conjoint stimulation of three nerves, P7, P8, and P9. 3. The preparation was viable and stable (no changes in the amplitudes of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and membrane properties in controls) for at least 48 h. Moreover, the long-term facilitation persisted for at least 48 h. 4. We observed no significant long-term changes in the resting membrane potentials of the sensory and motor neurons or in the input resistance of the motor neurons 24 and 48 h after the conjoint stimulation of nerves P8 and P9. Thus changes in these biophysical properties do not appear to contribute to the expression of long-term facilitation. 5. The finding that conjoint stimulation of three nerves, P7, P8, and P9, produced no long-term facilitation raised the possibility that stimulation of nerve P7 alone might produce long-term inhibition that opposes the facilitatory effects induced by conjoint stimulation of nerves P8 and P9. Stimulation of nerve P7 alone, however, had no long-term inhibitory effect on the EPSPs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Clow, Fiona, Conor J. O’Hanlon, Myron Christodoulides, and Fiona J. Radcliff. "Feasibility of Using a Luminescence-Based Method to Determine Serum Bactericidal Activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae." Vaccines 7, no. 4 (November 21, 2019): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines7040191.

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Development of a vaccine to limit the impact of antibiotic resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae is now a global priority. Serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) is a possible indicator of protective immunity to N. gonorrhoeae, but conventional assays measure colony forming units (CFU), which is time-consuming. A luminescent assay that quantifies ATP as a surrogate measure of bacterial viability was tested on N. gonorrhoeae strains FA1090, MS11 and P9-17 and compared to CFU-based readouts. There was a linear relationship between CFU and ATP levels for all three strains (r > 0.9). Normal human serum (NHS) is a common source of complement for SBA assays, but needs to be screened for non-specific bactericidal activity. NHS from 10 individuals were used for serum sensitivity assays—sensitivity values were significantly reduced with the ATP method for FA1090 (5/10, p < 0.05) and MS11 (10/10, p < 0.05), whereas P9-17 data were comparable for all donors. Our results suggest that measuring ATP underestimates serum sensitivity of N. gonorrhoeae and that the CFU method is a better approach. However, mouse anti-P9-17 outer membrane vesicles (OMV) SBA titres to P9-17 were comparable with both methods (r = 0.97), suggesting this assay can be used to rapidly screen sera for bactericidal antibodies to gonococci.

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Huber, Stephan M., and Michael F. Horster. "Expression of a hypotonic swelling-activated Cl conductance during ontogeny of collecting duct epithelium." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 275, no. 1 (July 1, 1998): F25—F32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1998.275.1.f25.

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Developmental expression of ion channels possibly participating in regulatory volume decrease was studied in rat embryonic ( day E17) and perinatal ( days P1–6) ureteric bud and in postnatal ( P9–14) cortical collecting duct cells in primary monolayer culture. In isotonic bath solution, whole cell conductance (in nS/10 pF) was highest in E17 (4.0 ± 0.5, n = 31) compared with P1–6 (2.0 ± 0.1, n = 16) and P9–14 (1.3 ± 0.2, n = 12) due to a decreasing contribution of a DIDS-sensitive Cl conductance, from E17 (2.8 ± 0.7, n = 12) to P1–6 (0.53 ± 0.07, n = 9) and P9–14 (0.05 ± 0.1, n = 7). Cl conductance in E17 exhibited a permselectivity of I ≈ Cl ≈ Br ≫ gluconate, and it activated time dependently. Hypotonic bath solution induced a large increase of whole cell conductance in P1–6 and in P9–14 but not in E17 (by 20.0 ± 3.7, 21.5 ± 5.5, and 4.9 ± 1.7; n = 11, 12, and 25, respectively) due to the activation of a time-dependently inactivating Cl conductance with a permselectivity of I ≥ Br > Cl ≫ gluconate. In conclusion, the expression of Cl channels, as studied in vitro, appears to shift from an apparently constitutively active embryonic to a hypotonic swelling-activated type during late embryonic development of the collecting duct.

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Le, Thi Hue, Quang Cuong Hoang, Dinh Duy Vu, and Thi Hoai Thu Vo. "Biodegradation of organophosphorus insecticide methyl parathion by soil microorganisms." E3S Web of Conferences 265 (2021): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126503002.

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Organophosphorus compounds (OPs) have been widely used as effective insecticides. As a result, using too many OPs causes the residues of pesticides to be washed away into the water or soil, not only polluting water and soil, also directly or indirectly affecting environment and human health. Besides many countries and terrorists also use them as chemical warfare weapons. They are very dangerous neurotoxins to humans, animals and the environment. In the soil, there are many microorganisms that can degrade OPs, helping to release the accumulation of these toxic substances. In this study, two effective OP-degrading bacterial strains P9 and H14 has been isolated from agricultural land in Ha Nam province, Vietnam. We had used DNA barcodes (16S rRNA) to molecular identification of Klebsiella variicola (P9) and Priestia aryabhattai (H14) and deposited in GenBank MW644772, MW644771, respectively. Moreover, at an initial concentration of methyl parathion 50 mg/L, in investigative culture mediums and conditions, strain P9 degraded 100% of methyl parathion after 7 days in Luria-Bertani (LB) liquid culture. Maximum growth of P9 strains was observered after 6 days incubation (OD600=3.34). This study is an effort to open a direction of applying them in the treatment of OPs contaminated soils and water.

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Bhat, Ishwar K. "SYNTHESIS, DOCKING STUDY AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY STUDIES OF SOME FLAVANONES." INDIAN DRUGS 58, no. 02 (May 15, 2021): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.58.02.12228.

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In this work, a series of flavanones (P1-P9) was synthesized by cyclization of substituted (hydroxyphenyl)- 3-(phenyl) prop-2-en-1-ones (S1-S9). The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1 H NMR and mass spectral data. These derivatives were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity. Compounds P1, P3, P6 and P7 showed excellent anti-inflammatory activity as compared to standard drug diclofenac sodium. Molecular docking of these flavanones (P1-P9) was also performed with receptor phosphoinositide-3-kinase PI3Kδ (PDB code: 5ITD). All the flavanones (P1-P9) were docked into same groove of the binding site of native co-crystallized (5-{4-[3-(4-acetylpiperazine-1-carbonyl) phenyl] quinazolin-6-yl}-2-methoxypyridine carbonitrile) ligand for activity explanation and exhibited good ligand interaction and binding affinity were of range -4.57 to -8.79kcal/mol.

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Yates, M., L. Pickup, L. Igali, C. Mukhtyar, R. Watts, and A. J. Macgregor. "P9. Giant cell arteritis--over diagnosed?" Rheumatology 53, suppl 2 (July 1, 2014): i15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keu210.009.

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40

Sporea, Ioan, Felix Bende, Alina Popescu, Raluca Lupusoru, Renata Fofiu, and Roxana Sirli. "Are there different cut-off values for staging liver fibrosis using 2D-SWE implemented on different systems from the same manufacturer?" Medical Ultrasonography 1, no. 1 (February 24, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.11152/mu-2225.

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Aim: To evaluate the range of liver stiffness (LS) cut-off values for predicting different stages of liver fibrosis (LF) for 2D-SWE-GE implemented on three different systems from General Electric Healthcare (LOGIQ E9, LOGIQ S8, LOGIQ P9).Material and method: We performed a comparative study evaluating the performance of 2D-SWE-GE (LOGIQ E9, S8, P9) for predicting different stages of LF using Transient Elastography (TE) as the reference method. All patients (with or without chronic hepatopathies) were evaluated by TE, 331 patients were included in the LOGIQ E9 study, 179 in the LOGIQ S8 study and 234 in the LOGIQ P9 study. Reliable liver stiffness measurements (LSM) were defined for TE as the median value of 10 measurements with an interquartile range/median ratio (IQR/M)≤0.30 and for 2D-SWE-GE as the median value of 10 measurements and IQR/M≤0.30.Results: Reliable LSM was obtained by both methods in 91.5% subjects of the LOGIQ E9 group, in 95.5% subjects from the LOGIQ S8 group and in 87.6% subjects in the LOGIQ P9 group. The performance of 2DSWE-GE for predicting F≥2 with LOGIQ E9, LOGIQ S8 and LOGIQ P9 systems were: cut-offs 6.7 kPa, 6.9 kPa and 6.8 kPa; AUCs 0.95, 0.92 and 0.93. For predicting F≥3, the performances were: cut-offs – 8.2 kPa, 8.2 kPa and 7.6 kPa; AUCs - 0.97, 0.93 and 0.94. For predicting F4, the performances were: cut-offs – 9.3 kPa, 9.3 kPa and 9.3 kPa; AUCs - 0.96, 0.91 and 0.91.Conclusion: The LS cut-off values for 2D-SWE-GE implemented on different systems for predicting F≥2, F≥3 and F=4 are not significantly different.

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Livingstone, C., C. MacDonald, B. Willett, and M. D. Houslay. "Analysis of the adenylate cyclase signalling system, and alterations induced by culture with insulin, in a novel SV40-DNA-immortalized hepatocyte cell line (P9 cells)." Biochemical Journal 300, no. 3 (June 15, 1994): 835–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3000835.

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An immortalized cell line, called P9, was derived from hepatocytes by transfection with SV40 DNA. These cells expressed enzyme activities characteristic of hepatocytes, namely glucose-6-phosphatase, glycogen phosphorylase, bilirubin glucuronyltransferase and both glucagon- and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1)-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities, albeit at decreased levels compared with native hepatocytes. Levels of the G-protein subunits alpha-Gi-2, alpha-Gi-3, G beta and the ‘long’ form of alpha-G2 (45 kDa) were approximately 4-fold higher relative to native hepatocytes, whereas those of the ‘short’ form of alpha-G2 (42 kDa) were lower by approximately 40%. Associated with this were marked alterations in the guanine nucleotide regulation of adenylate cyclase. Receptor-mediated stimulation, achieved by either PGE1 or glucagon, was apparent in P9 cells, although the latter was only evident upon amplification with forskolin. Glucagon-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in P9 cells did not exhibit desensitization, as in hepatocytes, nor was the phosphorylation of alpha-Gi-2 evident. Culture of P9 cells with insulin led to a dose-dependent decrease (EC50 0.2 +/- 0.1 nM) in the ability of PGE1 to stimulate adenylate cyclase activity, with the maximum effect attained after approximately 6 h. A comparable attenuation of stimulation was seen for glucagon- and guanine-nucleotide-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities. In cells cultured with insulin, lower levels of GTP were required to stimulate adenylate cyclase, ADP-ribosylation of the 45 kDa form of alpha-Gs with cholera toxin was attenuated, and the expression of both alpha Gi-2 and alpha-Gi-3 was increased. It is suggested that the expression of alpha-Gi-2 and alpha-Gi-3 may be directly regulated by the action of insulin in hepatocytes and P9 cells.

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Santiago, Joselita F. C., Fatima F. Carvalho, Sandra R. Perosa, Marcelo R. Siliano, José Walber M. C. Cruz, Maria José S. Fernandes, Esper A. Cavalheiro, Débora Amado, and Maria da Graça Naffah-Mazzacoratti. "Effect of glycemic state in rats submitted to status epilepticus during development." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 64, no. 2a (June 2006): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2006000200012.

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The effect of glycemic state on status epilepticus (SE) development was studied in animals of different ages, submitted to pilocarpine model of epilepsy. Groups: I- Rats with 9-day-old (P9): IA. Submitted to 1SE; IB. Saline-treated; IC. Induced- hyperglycemia; ID. Induced- hyperglycemia+SE; II- Rats submitted to three consecutive episodes of SE at P7, P8 and P9; III- Rats submitted to 1SE at P17; IV- Rats submitted to 1SE at P21. Hippocampal cell death and the expression of glucose transporter GLUT3 were analyzed in group I. The results demonstrated normoglycemia in the groups IA, IB and II, hypoglycemia in group III and hyperglycemia in group IV, showing that the glycemia during SE is age dependent. Induced hyperglycemia during SE in P9 protected the hippocampal neurons from death and both groups IC and ID presented increased GLUT3 expression, showing high glucose consumption by the hippocampus.

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Makepeace, Benjamin L., Peter J. Watt, John E. Heckels, and Myron Christodoulides. "Interactions of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with Mature Human Macrophage Opacity Proteins Influence Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 1909–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.3.1909-1913.2001.

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ABSTRACT The pathological features of ascending gonococcal infection suggest that proinflammatory mediators secreted by tissue-resident macrophages are important components of the host response. Challenge of fully differentiated, mature macrophages with variants of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain P9 or purified bacterial surface components (pili, lipooligosaccharide, and outer membrane vesicles) induced the secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha, growth-related protein α, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α), and RANTES cytokines but had no effect on IL-8 production. No secretion of IL-1β, epithelial-derived neutrophil attractant 78, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-10, or IL-12 cytokines was observed. Notably, the P9-Opab protein, in comparison to P9-Opaa, increased the association of gonococci with macrophages and elevated the secretion of cytokines. Thus, variation in Opa protein expression by the gonococcus may be a determining factor in the severity of pelvic inflammatory disease.

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Zheng, Jing, Xuliang Wang, Qian Li, Shu Yuan, Shiqing Wei, Xiyu Tian, Yun Huang, Wenming Wang, and Hui Yang. "Characterization of Five Molecular Markers for Pathotype Identification of the Clubroot Pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae." Phytopathology® 108, no. 12 (December 2018): 1486–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-11-17-0362-r.

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Clubroot disease is an important disease on cruciferous crops caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae infections. The pathotypes have been classified based on the reactions of differential hosts. However, molecular markers of particular pathotypes for P. brassicae are limited. In this study, we found five genetic markers in association with different pathotypes. Different gene expression patterns among different pathotypes (P4, P7, P9, and P11) were assayed according to the transcriptome data. The assay indicated that molecular markers PBRA_007750 and PBRA_009348 could be used to distinguish P11 from P4, P7, and P9; PBRA_009348 and Novel342 could distinguish P9 from P4, P7, and P11; and PBRA_008439 and Novel342 could represent a kind of P4. Polymerase chain reaction cycles ranging from 25 to 30 were able to identify the predominant pathotype in general. Therefore, these molecular markers would be a valuable tool to identify and discriminate pathotypes in P. brassicae population.

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Leyva Mir, Santos Gerardo, Emma Zavaleta Mejía, Lucy Gilchrists Saavedra, Mireille Khairallah, and Luis Antonio Mariscal Amaro. "Competencia entre aislamientos de Septoria tritici Rog. Ex. Desm., en trigos harineros (Triticum aestivum L.)." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 4, no. 4 (May 9, 2018): 637–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v4i4.1195.

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Para la obtención de genotipos de trigo resistentes a Septoria tritici se hacen inoculaciones con diferentes aislamientos; sin embargo, existe evidencia de competencia entre estos que sobrevalua la respuesta de resistencia de los genotipos. Para comprobar esto, el objetivo de este estudio fue probar tres genotipos de trigo con diferente nivel de resistencia a éste hongo inoculado con aislamiento, P8, P9 y B1, individuales y en mezclas. El experimento se estableció en 2006 bajo un diseño de parcelas divididas con tres repeticiones. Se recolectaron picnidios de la hoja bandera y de la hoja inferior para identificar, mediante RFLP's, los aislamientos que se establecieron y prevalecieron en los diferentes genotipos. Cuando P8, P9 y B1 se inocularon individualmente se recuperó al aislamiento original; cuando se inocularon mezclados no se reaisló P9, evidenciando la competencia entre aislamientos y la baja agresividad de P9. B1 tuvo la frecuencia de recuperación más alta. Con B1 y P8 se reaislaron variantes genéticas cuya presencia fue inf luenciada por el genotipo de trigo y los aislamientos con que se mezclaron. Debido a que la competencia puede reducir la agresividad y la patogenicidad de los aislamientos inoculados en mezcla, la mejor estrategia en los programas de mejoramiento de trigo para seleccionar resistencia, es la inoculación individual de aislamientos.

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Yoshida, Tetsu, Nobuhisa Furuya, Masayuki Ishikura, Toshiaki Isobe, Kazu Haino-Fukushima, Toshio Ogawa, and Teruya Komano. "Purification and Characterization of Thin Pili of IncI1 Plasmids ColIb-P9 and R64: Formation of PilV-Specific Cell Aggregates by Type IV Pili." Journal of Bacteriology 180, no. 11 (June 1, 1998): 2842–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.180.11.2842-2848.1998.

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ABSTRACT Thin pili of the closely related IncI1 plasmids ColIb-P9 and R64 are required only for liquid mating and belong to the type IV family of pili. They were sedimented by ultracentrifugation from culture medium in which Escherichia coli cells harboring ColIb-P9- or R64-derived plasmids had been grown, and then the pili were purified by CsCl density gradient centrifugation. In negatively stained thin pilus samples, long rods with a diameter of 6 nm, characteristic of type IV pili, were observed under an electron microscope. Gel electrophoretic analysis of purified ColIb-P9 thin pili indicated that thin pili consist of two kinds of proteins, pilin and the PilV protein. Pilin was demonstrated to be the product of the pilS gene. Pilin was first synthesized as a 22-kDa prepilin from the pilS gene and subsequently processed to a 19-kDa protein by the function of thepilU product. The N-terminal amino group of the processed protein was shown to be modified. The C-terminal segments of thepilV products vary among six or seven different types, as a result of shufflon DNA rearrangements of the pilV gene. These PilV proteins were revealed to comprise a minor component of thin pili. Formation of PilV-specific cell aggregates by ColIb-P9 and R64 thin pili was demonstrated and may play an important role in liquid mating.

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Singh, Ashish Shankar. "Preparing Municipal Solid Waste Emission Inventory and Spatial Distribution of Prayagraj City Using GIS." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37935.

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Abstract: Pollutants in the air are emitted from a variety of sources in metropolitan areas, causing poor air quality. Using a Geographic Information System (GIS), this project attempts to assess municipal solid waste (MSW) burning emissions and prepare a spatial distribution grid for Prayagraj city. PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SO2, and CO emissions were computed using activity data and emission factors using a bottom-up approach. The result from this study shows that emissions for all 5 pollutants PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SO2, CO are 718, 488, 269, and 3771kg/day respectively, where CO is the highest emitted pollutant. The Prayagraj municipal area was divided into grids of 3 km2 area. The spatial distribution plotted for Prayagraj city shows the hotspot grid areas for all 5 air pollutants emission. The hotspot grids for PM10 are P9, P10, P17, P29 and for PM2.5, NOx, SO2, are P9, P10, P17 and for CO are P9, P10, P14, P17, P29. Keywords: PM10, PM2.5, NOX, SO2, CO, Emission Inventory, Spatial distribution, Hotspot grids

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Williams, E. A., P. K. Hepler, A. C. Carrello, and P. C. L. John. "Nuclear-accumulation kinetics of p9 CksHs1 and p9 CksHs2 in live plant cells correlate with immunochemical characteristics." Protoplasma 207, no. 1-2 (March 1999): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01294717.

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Baudler, Marianne, Bernhard Koll, and Volker Arndt. "Beiträge zur Chemie des Phosphors, 209 / Contributions to the Chemistry of Phosphorus, 209." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 45, no. 11 (November 1, 1990): 1517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1990-1110.

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a-P9Et5 (1) and a-P9(i-Pr)5 (2) have been obtained by reacting a mixture of (PEt)5 and PC13 and of i-PrPCl2 and P4, respectively, with magnesium. Compound 1 has been isolated in 95% purity, whereas 2 has been highly enriched in the product mixture. According to their 31P{1H}-NMR spectra, 1 and 2 are 2,4,6,8,9-pentaorganyltricyclo[3.3.1.03.7]nonaphosphanes (a-P9R5) containing a P9 skeleton analogous to that of noradamantane. In addition, small portions of another constitutional isomer with a structure analogous to that of brexane (b-P9R5) have been detected.

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Turner, C., K. Tung, J. Smart, V. Batty, P. Kemp, and S. Harden. "P9 Potential pitfalls in PET???CT imaging." Nuclear Medicine Communications 27, no. 12 (December 2006): 1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006231-200612000-00060.

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