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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 18 листопада 2022

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1

Sudaradjat, Djadjat, and Andi Rosano. "Low Bit-Rate Parametric Coding." Paradigma - Jurnal Komputer dan Informatika 24, no. 2 (September 2, 2022): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31294/paradigma.v24i2.1391.

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Abstrak - Dengan metoda pengkodean parametrik (parametric coding) sinyal suara manusia dapat menghasilkan kecepatan bit (bit-rate) yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan metoda pengkodean bentuk gelombang (wave form coding). Contohnya pada metoda pengkodean bentuk gelombang akan dibatasi oleh batas minimal frekuensi cuplik (sampling frequency) yang menurut teorema Shannon-Nyquist menyatakan agar tidak ada informasi yang hilang ketika pencuplikan sinyal, maka kecepatan pencuplikan harus minimal dua kali dari lebar pita sinyal tersebut. Dengan demikian pada pengkodean bentuk gelombang kecepatan bit terendah yang dapat dicapai adalah oleh system Modulasi Delta (Delta Modulation) yaitu sebesar 8 Kbit/detik. Sedangkan pada pengkodean parametrik sinyal dapat dicapai kecepatan bit yang lebih rendah yaitu sebesar 2,4 Kbit/detik oleh system LPC (Linear Predictive Coding). Dengan kecepatan bit yang rendah akan diperoleh penghematan penggunaan lebar pita (bandwidth) saluran transmisi dan memori.

2

Milova, Julia, and Yuri Melnik. "POLYPARAMETRIC BLOCK CODING." Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 11, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.2413.

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The principles of poly-parametric information coding have been considered. The methods for developing poly-parametric codes have been presented. It is shown that the protection of block codes from channel interference using check patterns can be developed by a mono- or poly-parametric method. A special type of block codes has been presented, the check patterns of which are formed on the basis of their neighbours, which are functionally related to the given code combination. Such codes have been called poly-parametric. Binary poly-parametric ring codes, the check patterns of which are designed to detect and correct channel errors, are developed using the properties of Galois fields and on the basis of the vector shift indicators of the codewords. To obtain digital poly-parametric block codes, the properties and features of the normalized natural sequence are used. It is shown that each codeword of a binary block code can be represented as a certain positive integer in the decimal number system, which is an element of the natural sequence. Its elements on an interval that equals the norm acquire a functional dependency.

3

Jensen, Jesper Rindom, Mads GrÆsbØll Christensen, Morten Holm Jensen, SØren Holdt Jensen, and Torben Larsen. "Robust Parametric Audio Coding Using Multiple Description Coding." IEEE Signal Processing Letters 16, no. 12 (December 2009): 1083–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2009.2030852.

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4

Christensen, M. G., and S. van de Par. "Efficient parametric coding of transients." IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing 14, no. 4 (July 2006): 1340–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsa.2005.858038.

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5

Yaghoobi, M., L. Daudet, and M. E. Davies. "Parametric Dictionary Design for Sparse Coding." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 57, no. 12 (December 2009): 4800–4810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2009.2026610.

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6

Strother, C. M., F. Bender, Y. Deuerling-Zheng, K. Royalty, K. A. Pulfer, J. Baumgart, M. Zellerhoff, B. Aagaard-Kienitz, D. B. Niemann, and M. L. Lindstrom. "Parametric Color Coding of Digital Subtraction Angiography." American Journal of Neuroradiology 31, no. 5 (February 18, 2010): 919–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a2020.

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7

Dong, Jie, and King Ngi Ngan. "Parametric Interpolation Filter for HD Video Coding." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 20, no. 12 (December 2010): 1892–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2010.2087530.

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8

Raghuvanshi, Nikunj, and John Snyder. "Parametric directional coding for precomputed sound propagation." ACM Transactions on Graphics 37, no. 4 (August 10, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201339.

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9

Barak, O., M. Tsodyks, and R. Romo. "Neuronal Population Coding of Parametric Working Memory." Journal of Neuroscience 30, no. 28 (July 14, 2010): 9424–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1875-10.2010.

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10

Sun, L., and A. Z. Qamhiyah. "Parametric face coding for invariant model representation." Computer-Aided Design 35, no. 6 (May 2003): 519–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-4485(02)00072-6.

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11

Derrien, Olivier, Roland Badeau, and Gael Richard. "Parametric Audio Coding With Exponentially Damped Sinusoids." IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 21, no. 7 (July 2013): 1489–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2013.2255284.

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12

Hyun, Dong-Il, Young-Cheol Park, and Dae Hee Youn. "Improved Phase Synthesis for Parametric Stereo Audio Coding." Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea 50, no. 12 (December 25, 2013): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/ieek.2013.50.12.184.

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13

Ahissar, Ehud, David Golomb, Sebastian Haidarliu, Ronen Sosnik, and Chunxiu Yu. "Latency Coding in POm: Importance of Parametric Regimes." Journal of Neurophysiology 100, no. 2 (August 2008): 1152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.90477.2008.

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14

Raghuvanshi, Nikunj, and John Snyder. "Parametric wave field coding for precomputed sound propagation." ACM Transactions on Graphics 33, no. 4 (July 27, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2601097.2601184.

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15

Faller, C. "Parametric multichannel audio coding: synthesis of coherence cues." IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing 14, no. 1 (January 2006): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsa.2005.854105.

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16

Wang, Zhuoying, Yifeng Zhou, and Song Hu. "Sparse Coding-Enabled Low-Fluence Multi-Parametric Photoacoustic Microscopy." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 41, no. 4 (April 2022): 805–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2021.3124124.

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17

Faller, Christof, and Juergen Herre. "Compact Side Information For Parametric Coding Of Spatial Audio." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 130, no. 3 (2011): 1777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3636057.

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18

Stankiewicz, O. "Video coding technique with a parametric modelling of noise." Opto-Electronics Review 27, no. 3 (September 2019): 241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.opelre.2019.05.006.

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19

Pang, Hee-Suk. "Pilot-Based Coding Scheme for Parametric Stereo in Enhanced aacPlus." ETRI Journal 31, no. 5 (October 5, 2009): 613–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4218/etrij.09.0209.0193.

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20

Chakraborty, Subrata, Manoranjan Paul, Manzur Murshed, and Mortuza Ali. "Adaptive weighted non-parametric background model for efficient video coding." Neurocomputing 226 (February 2017): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2016.11.016.

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21

Silva, Jorge, and Milan Derpich. "Fixed-Rate Universal Lossy Source Coding and Model Identification: Connection with Zero-Rate Density Estimation and the Skeleton Estimator." Entropy 20, no. 9 (August 25, 2018): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20090640.

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Анотація:

This work demonstrates a formal connection between density estimation with a data-rate constraint and the joint objective of fixed-rate universal lossy source coding and model identification introduced by Raginsky in 2008 (IEEE TIT, 2008, 54, 3059–3077). Using an equivalent learning formulation, we derive a necessary and sufficient condition over the class of densities for the achievability of the joint objective. The learning framework used here is the skeleton estimator, a rate-constrained learning scheme that offers achievable results for the joint coding and modeling problem by optimally adapting its learning parameters to the specific conditions of the problem. The results obtained with the skeleton estimator significantly extend the context where universal lossy source coding and model identification can be achieved, allowing for applications that move from the known case of parametric collection of densities with some smoothness and learnability conditions to the rich family of non-parametric L 1 -totally bounded densities. In addition, in the parametric case we are able to remove one of the assumptions that constrain the applicability of the original result obtaining similar performances in terms of the distortion redundancy and per-letter rate overhead.

22

Cheng, Yue, Anbang Zhao, Juan Hui, Tiansi An, and Bin Zhou. "Parametric Underwater Transmission Based on Pattern Time Delay Shift Coding System." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (December 26, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8249245.

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The technique of pattern time delay shift coding (PDS) underwater acoustic (UWA) communication based on parametric array is presented in this paper, which is easy to be implemented and robust in the spatiotemporal variable ocean environment. The parametric array can generate low-frequency, broadband, and high-directivity beam with small-aperture. The high directivity reduces the impact of time variant characteristics of UWA channel especially multipath effects and improves the reuse rate of underwater acoustic channel at the same time. The wide bandwidth allows high rate communications. The sea trial results show that it can be employed to combat multipath propagation in shallow water and achieve very low bit error rate (BER). The theoretical research and sea trial verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed UWA method.

23

Beack, Seungkwon. "An Efficient Time-Frequency Representation for Parametric-Based Audio Object Coding." ETRI Journal 33, no. 6 (December 1, 2011): 945–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4218/etrij.11.0211.0007.

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24

Faller, Christof. "Parametric Coding of Spatial Audio with Cues Based on Transmitted Channels." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 129, no. 2 (2011): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3561537.

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25

Zhang and Liu. "Parametric Modeling for Form-Based Planning in Dense Urban Environments." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 14, 2019): 5678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205678.

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Parametric instruments are employed broadly across the building industry. The study of applying parametric techniques to sustainable form-based planning, however, remains insufficient. This paper therefore critically assesses parametric techniques for facilitating form-based planning in an urban environment. The analysis is to twofold: Can a parametric technique truly enhance the form-based planning process more effectively than existing planning processes? and By what means can form-based planning layouts derived from parametric techniques be appraised? Methodologies include a case study in Hong Kong, quantitative and qualitative analysis, and experimental modeling on parametric platforms. Results indicate that the urban forms can be visualized in real-time during planning processes with a parametric coding system. Existing planning processes do not benefit from real-time visualization, but these alone do not necessarily result in more rational planning layouts. Parametric techniques produce visual models effectively but are not a planning panacea. Findings include a criticism of parametric techniques and pertinent instruments in urban projects, as well as valuable insights for the study of complex form-based planning in dense urban socio-environments.

26

Nhu. "PARAMETRIC BLIND-DECONVOLUTION METHOD TO REMOVE IMAGE ARTIFACTS IN WAVEFRONT CODING IMAGING SYSTEMS." Journal of Military Science and Technology, no. 72A (May 10, 2021): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.72a.2021.62-68.

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Wavefront coding technique includes a phase mask of asymmetric phase mask kind in the pupil plane to extend the depth of field of an imaging system and the digital processing step to obtain the restored final high-quality image. However, the main drawback of wavefront coding technique is image artifacts on the restored final images. In this paper, we proposed a parameter blind-deconvolution method based on maximizing of the variance of the histogram of restored final images that enables to obtain the restored final image with artifact-free over a large range of defocus.

27

Yu, Zhenming. "Computer-Visualized Sound Parameter Analysis Method and Its Application in Vocal Music Teaching." Advances in Multimedia 2022 (July 22, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8662997.

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In order to improve the quality of vocal music teaching, this paper applies the computer visualization sound parameter analysis method to vocal music teaching and discusses the scheme of parametric coding. Moreover, this paper adopts the transient signal detection mechanism to divide the signal. For frames that have detected a shock signal, frequency-domain parametric differential predictive coding can be used like temporal noise shaping (TNS) techniques. In addition, based on the short-term periodicity and short-term stationarity of speech signals, an analytical synthesis model based on harmonic decomposition is proposed. Through the simulation data analysis, it can be seen that the computer visualization sound parameter analysis method proposed in this paper has a very good application effect in vocal music teaching and can improve the quality of vocal music teaching.

28

Zhang, Yingyi, and Marc Aurel Schnabel. "Parametric Thinking in Form-Based Code Evaluation." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v3iss2.379.

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The concept of Form-Based Code is of central importance in American New Urbanism. There is an increasing concern on Form-Based Code’s components and adoptions in cities and countries in the USA. This paper aims to extend Form-Based Code’s study to high-density cities of Asia. It explores the methodology of embedding parametric thinking into the multi-scenario evaluation of Form-Based Code. The methodology framework is developed by taking advantage of parametric modelling instruments which visualizes the coding procedure on software interfaces. Using Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong as the experimental site, the paper concludes with a parametric evaluation system towards a walkable and accessible environment in the volumetric urban morphology of high-density cities.

29

Lee, Tung chin, Young-Cheol Park, and Dae Hee Youn. "An Improved Synthesis Method of Parametric Stereo Coding Based on Tonality Information." Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers 51, no. 6 (June 25, 2014): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/ieie.2014.51.6.221.

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30

Yin, Jingwei, Xiao Zhang, and Yiming Zhou. "Differential pattern time delay shift coding underwater acoustic communication using parametric array." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 137, no. 4 (April 2015): 2214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4920066.

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31

Ruiz Reyes, N., and P. V. Candeas. "Adaptive Signal Modeling Based on Sparse Approximations for Scalable Parametric Audio Coding." IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 18, no. 3 (March 2010): 447–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2009.2037396.

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32

Joyce, Colin. "Parametric Design, Analysis and Coding Techniques for Mainframe Implemented Micro Costing System." Journal of Parametrics 5, no. 1 (March 1985): 10–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10157891.1985.10462642.

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33

Ruiz Reyes, N., P. Vera Candeas, and F. López Ferreras. "Wavelet-based approach for transient modeling with application to parametric audio coding." Digital Signal Processing 20, no. 1 (January 2010): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2009.04.011.

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34

Liang, Yu, P. C. Chui, and Kenneth Kin-Yip Wong. "Demonstration of an All-Optical 2-to-4 Level Encoder Based on an Optical Parametric Amplifier." Research Letters in Optics 2009 (2009): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/981620.

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We demonstrated a novel technique for all-optical 2-to-4 level amplitude-shift keying (ASK) coding based on a fiber optical parametric amplifier. A 20-Gb/s signal is realized by multiplexing two 10-Gb/s data streams.

35

Pang, Hee-Suk. "Search of Optimal Contexts for Context-adaptive Coding of Stereo Parameters in Parametric Stereo of Enhanced aacPlus." Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea 31, no. 7 (October 31, 2012): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7776/ask.2012.31.7.435.

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36

Zhao, Weijie, and Xuechen Chen. "Zero-Delay Joint Source Channel Coding for a Bivariate Gaussian Source over the Broadcast Channel with One-Bit ADC Front Ends." Entropy 23, no. 12 (December 14, 2021): 1679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23121679.

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In this work, we consider the zero-delay transmission of bivariate Gaussian sources over a Gaussian broadcast channel with one-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) front ends. An outer bound on the conditional distortion region is derived. Focusing on the minimization of the average distortion, two types of methods are proposed to design nonparametric mappings. The first one is based on the joint optimization between the encoder and decoder with the use of an iterative algorithm. In the second method, we derive the necessary conditions to develop the optimal encoder numerically. Using these necessary conditions, an algorithm based on gradient descent search is designed. Subsequently, the characteristics of the optimized encoding mapping structure are discussed, and inspired by which, several parametric mappings are proposed. Numerical results show that the proposed parametric mappings outperform the uncoded scheme and previous parametric mappings for broadcast channels with infinite resolution ADC front ends. The nonparametric mappings succeed in outperforming the parametric mappings. The causes for the differences between the performances of two nonparametric mappings are analyzed. The average distortions of the parametric and nonparametric mappings proposed here are close to the bound for the cases with one-bit ADC front ends in low channel signal-to-noise ratio regions.

37

Bermudez, Maria A., and Wolfram Schultz. "Reward Magnitude Coding in Primate Amygdala Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 104, no. 6 (December 2010): 3424–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00540.2010.

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Animals assess the values of rewards to learn and choose the best possible outcomes. We studied how single neurons in the primate amygdala coded reward magnitude, an important variable determining the value of rewards. A single, Pavlovian-conditioned visual stimulus predicted fruit juice to be delivered with one of three equiprobable volumes ( P = 1/3). A population of amygdala neurons showed increased activity after reward delivery, and almost one half of these responses covaried with reward magnitude in a monotonically increasing or decreasing fashion. A subset of the reward responding neurons were tested with two different probability distributions of reward magnitude; the reward responses in almost one half of them adapted to the predicted distribution and thus showed reference-dependent coding. These data suggest parametric reward value coding in the amygdala as a characteristic component of its function in reinforcement learning and economic decision making.

38

Gochin, P. M., M. Colombo, G. A. Dorfman, G. L. Gerstein, and C. G. Gross. "Neural ensemble coding in inferior temporal cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 71, no. 6 (June 1, 1994): 2325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.71.6.2325.

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1. Isolated, single-neuron extracellular potentials were recorded sequentially in area TE of the inferior temporal cortex (IT) of two macaque monkeys (n = 58 and n = 41 neurons). Data were obtained while the animals were performing a paired-associate task. The task utilized five stimuli and eight stimulus pairings (4 correct and 4 incorrect). Data were evaluated as average spike rate during experimental epochs of 100 or 400 ms. Single-unit and population characteristics were measured using a form of linear discriminant analysis and information theoretic measures. To evaluate the significance of covariance on population code measures, additional data consisting of simultaneous recordings from < or = 8 isolated neurons (n = 37) were obtained from a third macaque monkey that was passively viewing visual stimuli. 2. On average, 43% of IT neurons were activated by any of the stimuli used (60% if those inhibited also are included). Yet the neurons were rather unique in the relative magnitude of their responses to each stimulus in the test set. These results suggest that information may be represented in IT by the pattern of activity across neurons and that the representation is not sparsely coded. It is further suggested that the representation scheme may have similarities to DNA or computer codes wherein a coding element is not a local parametric descriptor. This is a departure from the V1 representation, which appears to be both local and parametric. It is also different from theories of IT representation that suggest a constructive basis set or “alphabet”. From this view, determination of stimulus discrimination capacity in IT should be evaluated by measures of population activity patterns. 3. Evaluation of small groups of simultaneously recorded neurons obtained during a fixation task suggests that little information about visual stimuli is conveyed by covariance of activity in IT when a 100-ms time scale is used as in this study. This finding is consistent with a prior report, by Gochin et al., which used a 1-ms time scale and failed to find neural activity coherence or oscillations dependent on stimuli. 4. Population-stimulus-discrimination capacity measures were influenced by the number of neurons and to some extent the number and type of stimuli. 5. Information conveyed by individual neurons (mutual information) averaged 0.26 bits. The distribution of information values was unimodal and is therefore more consistent with a distributed than a local coding scheme.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

39

MATSUTA, Tetsunao, Tomohiko UYEMATSU, and Ryutaroh MATSUMOTO. "Parametric Forms of the Achievable Rate Region for Source Coding with a Helper." IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences E95.A, no. 12 (2012): 2493–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transfun.e95.a.2493.

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40

Liu, Zaide, and Chengxiu Gao. "Construction of parametric biorthogonal wavelet filter banks with two parameters for image coding." Signal, Image and Video Processing 2, no. 3 (January 22, 2008): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11760-008-0050-y.

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41

Bharitkar, Sunil. "ROOM ACOUSTIC RESPONSE MODELING AND EQUALIZATION WITH LINEAR PREDICTIVE CODING AND PARAMETRIC FILTERS." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 134, no. 4 (2013): 3107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4824244.

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42

Vera-Candeas, P., N. Ruiz-Reyes, M. Rosa-Zurera, D. Martinez-Munoz, and F. Lopez-Ferreras. "Transient Modeling by Matching Pursuits With a Wavelet Dictionary for Parametric Audio Coding." IEEE Signal Processing Letters 11, no. 3 (March 2004): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2003.822904.

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43

Vera-Candeas, P., N. Ruiz-Reyes, J. C. Cuevas-Martı́nez, M. Rosa-Zurera, and F. López-Ferreras. "Sinusoidal modelling using perceptual matching pursuits in the Bark scale for parametric audio coding." IEE Proceedings - Vision, Image, and Signal Processing 153, no. 4 (2006): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-vis:20050114.

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44

Bachman, Peter, Abraham Reichenberg, Patrick Rice, Mary Woolsey, Olga Chaves, David Martinez, Natalie Maples, Dawn I. Velligan, and David C. Glahn. "Deconstructing processing speed deficits in schizophrenia: Application of a parametric digit symbol coding test." Schizophrenia Research 118, no. 1-3 (May 2010): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.1029.

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45

Park, Soojin, Talia Konkle, and Aude Oliva. "Parametric Coding of the Size and Clutter of Natural Scenes in the Human Brain." Cerebral Cortex 25, no. 7 (January 15, 2014): 1792–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bht418.

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46

Masmoudi, Atef, William Puech, and Afif Masmoudi. "An improved lossless image compression based arithmetic coding using mixture of non-parametric distributions." Multimedia Tools and Applications 74, no. 23 (July 30, 2014): 10605–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-014-2195-8.

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47

Gölitz, P., T. Struffert, H. Lücking, J. Rösch, F. Knossalla, O. Ganslandt, Y. Deuerling-Zheng, and A. Doerfler. "Parametric Color Coding of Digital Subtraction Angiography in the Evaluation of Carotid Cavernous Fistulas." Clinical Neuroradiology 23, no. 2 (December 14, 2012): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00062-012-0184-8.

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48

Wang, Zhuo, Alan A. Stocker, and Daniel D. Lee. "Efficient Neural Codes That Minimize Lp Reconstruction Error." Neural Computation 28, no. 12 (December 2016): 2656–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00900.

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The efficient coding hypothesis assumes that biological sensory systems use neural codes that are optimized to best possibly represent the stimuli that occur in their environment. Most common models use information–theoretic measures, whereas alternative formulations propose incorporating downstream decoding performance. Here we provide a systematic evaluation of different optimality criteria using a parametric formulation of the efficient coding problem based on the [Formula: see text] reconstruction error of the maximum likelihood decoder. This parametric family includes both the information maximization criterion and squared decoding error as special cases. We analytically derived the optimal tuning curve of a single neuron encoding a one-dimensional stimulus with an arbitrary input distribution. We show how the result can be generalized to a class of neural populations by introducing the concept of a meta–tuning curve. The predictions of our framework are tested against previously measured characteristics of some early visual systems found in biology. We find solutions that correspond to low values of [Formula: see text], suggesting that across different animal models, neural representations in the early visual pathways optimize similar criteria about natural stimuli that are relatively close to the information maximization criterion.

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Song, Renjie, and Yuandong Zhang. "Optimized Rate Control Algorithm of High-Efficiency Video Coding Based on Region of Interest." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2020 (February 27, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4354296.

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Aiming at the problems that the strategy of target bit allocation at the CTU layer has deviations from the human subjective observation mechanism, and the update phase of parametric model has a higher complexity in the JCTVC-K0103 rate control algorithm of ITU-T H.265/high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard. Optimized rate control (ORC) algorithm of ITU-T H.265/HEVC based on region of interest (ROI) is proposed. Firstly, the algorithm extracts the region of interest of video frames based on time and space domains by using the improved Itti model. Then, the weight of target bits w is recalculated based on space-time domains to improve the rate control accuracy, and the target bits are distributed based on ROI by the adaptive weight algorithm once again to make the output videos more attuned with the human visual attention mechanism. Finally, the quasi-Newton algorithm is used to update the rate distortion model, which reduces the computational complexity in the update phase of the parametric model. The experimental results show that the ORC algorithm can obtain a better subjective quality in the compressed results with less bit error compared with the other two algorithms. Meanwhile, the rate distortion performance of the ORC algorithm is better on the premise of guaranteeing rate control performance.

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Priftis, Alexandros, Apostolos Papanikolaou, and Timoleon Plessas. "Parametric Design and Multiobjective Optimization of Containerships." Journal of Ship Production and Design 33, no. 01 (February 1, 2017): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jspd.2017.33.1.46.

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The introduction of the energy efficiency design index (EEDI) and ballast water treatment regulations by the International Maritime Organization, the fluctuation of fuel price levels, along with the continuous endeavor of the shipping industry for economic growth and profits has led the shipbuilding industry to explore new and cost-efficient designs for various types of merchant ships. In this respect, proper use of modern computer-aided design/computer-aided engineering systems (CAD/CAE) extends the design space, while generating competitive designs with innovative features in short lead time. The present article deals with the parametric design and optimization of containerships. The developed methodology, which is based on the CAESES/Friendship-Framework software system, is demonstrated by the conceptual design and multiobjective optimization of a midsized, 6500-TEU containership. The methodology includes a complete parametric model of the ship's external and internal geometry and the development and coding of all models necessary for the determination of the design constraints and the design efficiency indicators, which are used for the evaluation of parametrically generated designs. Such indicators defining the objective functions of a multiobjective optimization problem are herein the EEDI, the required freight rate, the ship's zero ballast container box capacity, and the ratio of the above to below deck number of containers. The set-up multiobjective optimization problem is solved by use of the genetic algorithms, and clear Pareto fronts are generated. Identified optimal design proves very competitive compared with the standard containership designs in the market.