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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Passive human joint models"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 травня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Passive human joint models"

WANG, KE-YI, WEN-YAN ZHAO, ZHUANG HAN, WAN-LI WANG, and XIAO-QIANG TANG. "REHABILITATIVE STRATEGIES OF MULTIPLE LOWER LIMBS TRAINING MODELS." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 18, no. 08 (December 2018): 1840030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519418400304.

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According to the combination of lower limbs rehabilitative robot (LLRR), the effect of multi-point and single point driving form on muscle force and joint torque is explored, and the rehabilitation effect of the training mode of the active–passive rehabilitation training is studied. The musculoskeletal model of lower limbs is established based on the physiological structure of human lower limbs. And considering the position of the attachment points of each muscle, the mechanical properties of muscles and applied moment of joints can be obtained under different rehabilitative training strategies by inverse dynamic analysis. The rehabilitation training strategies of flexion–extension and abduction and adduction movements are put forward according to the movement of lower limbs. And using the wire-driven rehabilitation robot as the driving device of the rehabilitation training, the robot is used to simulate the motor function of patients’ lower limbs by modifying the parameters of muscle which can affect the resistance moment of joint motion, then the effects of driving form and the active–passive training mode are analyzed. The results show that single point driving form is better than multi-point on muscle strength and joint strength training; the rehabilitation training strategies of flexion–extension and abduction–adduction movements show different superiority.

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Zhang, Leiyu, Jianfeng Li, Junhui Liu, Peng Su, and Chunzhao Zhang. "Design and Kinematic Analysis of Co-Exoskeleton with Passive Translational Joints for Upper-Limb Rehabilitation." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 15, no. 05 (September 27, 2018): 1850020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843618500202.

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A key approach for reducing motor impairment and regaining independence after spinal cord injuries or strokes is frequent and repetitive functional training. A compatible exoskeleton (Co-Exoskeleton) with four passive translational joints is proposed for the upper-limb rehabilitation. There are only three passive translational joints to track and assist movements of the glenohumeral joint (GH), where two joints are installed horizontally at the front section and another one at the connecting interface of the upper arm. This type of configuration can lower the influences of gravities of the exoskeleton device and upper extremity. The kinematic models of GH and the corresponding human–machine system are established using the analytical method. A numerical simulation of the kinematic models is implemented with MATLAB to emphatically analyze the kinematic characteristics of passive joints and the center of Co-Exoskeleton. The translational displacements of passive joints in four elevation planes are obtained during the elevating process. The results of the kinematic analysis show that the passive joints have similar motion characteristics under different elevation planes. Additionally, the position changes of GH in three directions can be tracked and compensated approximately. Co-Exoskeleton has an especially good compensation effect for the vertical movement of GH. The compensation effect and kinematic models are verified by using the elevating experiments. This research provides theoretical and methodological guidance for the ergonomic design and kinematic analysis of the rehabilitation exoskeleton.

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CORAZZA, FEDERICO, VINCENZO PARENTI-CASTELLI, RITA STAGNI, ANGELO CAPPELLO, JOHN J. O'CONNOR, and ALBERTO LEARDINI. "BIOMECHANICS OF THE INTACT AND REPLACED HUMAN ANKLE JOINT." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 06, no. 01 (March 2006): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519406001819.

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The main objective of the study was to develop advanced biomechanical models of the intact human ankle complex. It was also aimed at designing a total ankle replacement which would better reproduce the physiological function of the joint. Passive flexion was analyzed in a number of lower-leg preparations with stereophotogrammetry and radiostereometry. The articular surfaces and fibres within the calcaneofibular and tibiocalcaneal ligaments were observed to prescribe the changing positions of bones, ligaments and instantaneous axis of rotation. Joint motion included rolling as well as sliding. Computer-based models elucidated this kinematics at the intact joint, and how changing positions of the centre of rotation and muscle lines of action affect lever arm length at different flexion angles. The mechanical response of the joint to anterior drawer and talar tilt tests was explained in terms of fibre recruitment. The experimental evidence and the geometrical models gave the basis for the design of a novel ankle replacement. A three-component, convex-tibia prosthesis was developed with articular surface shapes that are compatible with the geometry of the ligaments. The proposed prosthesis based on ligament/shape compatibility is showing encouraging results in initial implantation.

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Di Gregorio, Raffaele, and Vincenzo Parenti-Castelli. "A Spatial Mechanism With Higher Pairs for Modelling the Human Knee Joint." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 125, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1559895.

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By generalizing a previous model proposed in the literature, a new spatial kinematic model of the knee joint passive motion is presented. The model is based on an equivalent spatial parallel mechanism which relies upon the assumption that fibers within the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) can be considered as isometric during the knee flexion in passive motion (virtually unloaded motion). The articular surfaces of femoral and tibial condyles are modelled as 3-D surfaces of general shapes. In particular, the paper presents the closure equations of the new mechanism both for surfaces represented by means of scalar equations that have the Cartesian coordinates of the points of the surface as variables and for surfaces represented in parametric form. An example of simulation is presented in the case both femoral condyles are modelled as ellipsoidal surfaces and tibial condyles as spherical surfaces. The results of the simulation are compared to those of the previous models and to measurements. The comparison confirms the expectation that a better approximation of the tibiofemoral condyle surfaces leads to a more accurate model of the knee passive motion.

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Kositsky, Adam, David J. Saxby, Kim J. Lesch, Rod S. Barrett, Heikki Kröger, Olli Lahtinen, Laura E. Diamond, Rami K. Korhonen, and Lauri Stenroth. "In vivo assessment of the passive stretching response of the bicompartmental human semitendinosus muscle using shear-wave elastography." Journal of Applied Physiology 132, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 438–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00473.2021.

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We conducted an elastography-based investigation of the passive stretching response of the proximal and distal compartments of the human semitendinosus muscle and found no difference in shear modulus-joint angle curves between compartments. We also found that common musculoskeletal models tend to misestimate semitendinosus slack angle, most likely due to typical model assumptions. These results provide an important step toward a better understanding of semitendinosus passive muscle mechanics and improving computational estimates of muscle force.

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Di Gregorio, R., V. Parenti-Castelli, J. J. O’Connor, and A. Leardini. "Mathematical models of passive motion at the human ankle joint by equivalent spatial parallel mechanisms." Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 45, no. 3 (February 13, 2007): 305–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11517-007-0160-7.

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Zhou, Congcong, Zhao Yang, Kaitai Li, and Xuesong Ye. "Research and Development of Ankle–Foot Orthoses: A Review." Sensors 22, no. 17 (September 1, 2022): 6596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176596.

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The ankle joint is one of the important joints of the human body to maintain the ability to walk. Diseases such as stroke and ankle osteoarthritis could weaken the body’s ability to control joints, causing people’s gait to be out of balance. Ankle–foot orthoses can assist users with neuro/muscular or ankle injuries to restore their natural gait. Currently, passive ankle–foot orthoses are mostly designed to fix the ankle joint and provide support for walking. With the development of materials, sensing, and control science, semi-active orthoses that release mechanical energy to assist walking when needed and can store the energy generated by body movement in elastic units, as well as active ankle–foot orthoses that use external energy to transmit enhanced torque to the ankle, have received increasing attention. This article reviews the development process of ankle–foot orthoses and proposes that the integration of new ankle–foot orthoses with rehabilitation technologies such as monitoring or myoelectric stimulation will play an important role in reducing the walking energy consumption of patients in the study of human-in-the-loop models and promoting neuro/muscular rehabilitation.

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Engin, Ali Erkan, and Shuenn-Muh Chen. "Kinematic and Passive Resistive Properties of Human Elbow Complex." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 109, no. 4 (November 1, 1987): 318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3138687.

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In recent years, owing to their versatility and reduced cost of operation, multisegmented mathematical models of the total human body have gained increased attention in gross biodynamic motion studies. This, in turn, has stimulated the need for a proper biomechanical data base for the major human articulating joints. The lack of such a database for the humero-elbow complex is the impetus for this study. The total angular range of motion permitted by the complex and the passive resistive properties beyond the full elbow extension were studied. Results obtained on ten normal male subjects were utilized to establish a statistical data base for the humero-elbow complex. Results are also expressed in functional expansion form suitable for incorporation into the existing multisegmented models.

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Hughes, J. A. E., P. Maiolino, and F. Iida. "An anthropomorphic soft skeleton hand exploiting conditional models for piano playing." Science Robotics 3, no. 25 (December 19, 2018): eaau3098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.aau3098.

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The development of robotic manipulators and hands that show dexterity, adaptability, and subtle behavior comparable to human hands is an unsolved research challenge. In this article, we considered the passive dynamics of mechanically complex systems, such as a skeleton hand, as an approach to improving adaptability, dexterity, and richness of behavioral diversity of such robotic manipulators. With the use of state-of-the-art multimaterial three-dimensional printing technologies, it is possible to design and construct complex passive structures, namely, a complex anthropomorphic skeleton hand that shows anisotropic mechanical stiffness. We introduce a concept, termed the “conditional model,” that exploits the anisotropic stiffness of complex soft-rigid hybrid systems. In this approach, the physical configuration, environment conditions, and conditional actuation (applied actuation) resulted in an observable conditional model, allowing joint actuation through passivity-based dynamic interactions. The conditional model approach allowed the physical configuration and actuation to be altered, enabling a single skeleton hand to perform three different phrases of piano music with varying styles and forms and facilitating improved dynamic behaviors and interactions with the piano over those achievable with a rigid end effector.

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Li, Na, Ziyan Hao, Haiyong Jiang, and Bo Yu. "Positioning Control of a Human-Machine Cooperative Grafting Manipulator for Unstructured Environments." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 5 (2020): 1477–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13817.

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HighlightsPositioning of a human-machine cooperative grafting manipulator for high-crown grafting of fruit trees is analyzed.PID control based on feedforward compensation of a dynamic model can realize high-precision position control of the braking process in unstructured agricultural environments.A manipulator based on the proposed control method can realize accurate position control and time-varying operating forces and can provide energy savings to meet the requirements of field operations.Abstract. Crown grafting of fruit trees has the disadvantages of high labor intensity and reduced graft survival. Therefore, a human-machine cooperative manipulator that relies on passive joint braking was designed to realize position control. The manipulator can replace manual operations to solve the problem of different positions in the grafting process and provide positioning and force support for canopy grafting. This study determined that the working space of the manipulator can cover the canopy area of fruit trees. Dynamic equations were established for motion simulation and feedforward compensation control of the manipulator. According to the dynamic model, the joint braking process was simulated. The simulation results showed that the joint braking torque needs to be dynamically controlled to ensure positioning accuracy of the manipulator. A process of passive joint braking was designed based on the proposed ideal braking curve. By comparing the position control accuracy of independent proportional integral derivative (PID) control, dynamic model feedforward compensation control, and PID control based on feedforward compensation of the dynamic model in simulations, it was determined that PID control based on feedforward compensation of the dynamic model was suitable for application in the braking torque control system. Finally, prototype tests showed that PID control based on feedforward compensation of the dynamic model can realize high-precision joint braking and position control of the manipulator. The positioning error was less than 5%, and the maximum vibration acceleration amplitude was reduced by 26.7% to 68.5%. The control system of the manipulator, using PID control based on feedforward compensation of the dynamic model, can provide adaptability for unstructured environments and reduce power consumption for application in field operations. Keywords: Controls, Dynamics, Grafting, Positioning, Simulation models, Unstructured agricultural environment.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Passive human joint models"

Mbouzao, Boniface. "Quantitative Assessment of Human Motion Capabilities with Passive Vision Monitoring." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24295.

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Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a disease in which the body has "turned on itself", with its immune system attacking mobility. In RA, an immune mechanism attacks and destroys the joints and limits mobility, in some circumstances to the point of needing replacement of joints. The aim of this research is the development of a less costly, widely accessible, passive sensing technology that provides a quantitative assessment of RA and that monitors the therapeutic effectiveness on joint-debilitating diseases. The proposed solution relies on a quantitative evaluation of human gestures. Such a quantitative assessment supports the comparison between the motion capabilities of a patient and that of a healthy person, using a kinematic model of the human skeleton. Criteria for the classification of severity were established, and tables were generated to classify the levels of severity as a function of the measurements extracted from processed videos of a subject performing predefined movements. This research project, while contributing a new tool to the process of classification of RA level of severity, opens the way for using widely accessible digital imaging for diagnosing and monitoring the evolution of the illness. Replacing MRI or HRUS with a cheaper and more accessible technology would have a major impact on health care services. From the clinical point of view, the proposed techniques based on digital images processing combined with a monitoring approach based on infrared images that was previously developed may provide a utility of care for patients with RA, as well as an alternative and automated approach for early detection of RA and active inflammation at a critical time.

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Tout, Bilal. "Identification of human-robot systems in physical interaction : application to muscle activity detection." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2024. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/36d9eab3-c170-4e40-abb6-e6b4e27aeee2.

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Ces dernières années, l’interaction physique humain-robot est devenue un sujet de recherche important, par exemple pour des applications de rééducation. Cette thèse vise à améliorer ces interactions, dans le cadre du développement de contrôleurs basés modèles, par des approches d’identification paramétrique des modèles des systèmes en interaction. Le but est de développer des méthodes d’identification en tenant compte de la variabilité et de la complexité du corps humain, et en n'utilisant que les capteurs du système robotique pour éviter l'ajout de capteurs externes. Les différentes approches présentées dans cette thèse sont testées expérimentalement avec un système robotique à un degré de liberté (1-DDL) permettant d'interagir avec la main d'une personne.Après un 1er chapitre présentant l'état de l'art, le 2e chapitre aborde les méthodes d'identification développées en robotique ainsi que la problématique du filtrage, analysée en simulation et expérimentalement. La question du réglage du filtre passe-bas est adressée, et en particulier le choix de la fréquence de coupure qui reste délicate pour un système non-linéaire. Pour surmonter ces difficultés, une technique de filtrage utilisant un filtre de Kalman étendu (EKF) est développée à partir du modèle dynamique du robot. La formulation EKF proposée permet un réglage en fonction des propriétés connues du capteur et de la confiance dans l’estimation initiale des paramètres. Cette méthode est comparée en simulation puis expérimentalement avec différentes méthodes existantes en analysant la sensibilité à l’initialisation et au réglage du filtre. Les résultats montrent que la méthode proposée est prometteuse si l’EKF est correctement réglé.Le 3e chapitre porte sur l'identification en continu des paramètres du modèle dynamique d'un système passif en interaction avec un système robotique, en combinant des méthodes d’identification de la charge utile avec des algorithmes en ligne, sans capteurs externes. Ces méthodes sont validées en simulation et expérimentalement en utilisant le système à 1-DDL dont la poignée est attachée à des bandes élastiques pour imiter une articulation humaine passive. L’analyse de l’effet de l’ajustement des méthodes en ligne met en évidence qu’un compromis est nécessaire entre la vitesse de convergence et la précision des estimations des paramètres. Enfin, la comparaison des méthodes d’identification de la charge utile montre que les méthodes identifiant séparément les paramètres du système robotique et de l’humain passif donnent une meilleure précision et une plus faible complexité de calcul.Le 4e chapitre porte sur l'identification durant l'interaction humain-système robotique. Un modèle à raideur quadratique est proposé afin de mieux représenter le comportement de l’articulation humaine passive qu’un modèle linéaire. Par la suite, ce modèle est utilisé avec une méthode d’identification itérative basée sur le rejet d’outliers, pour détecter l’activité musculaire de l’humain sans capteurs externes. Cette méthode est comparée expérimentalement à une méthode non-itérative utilisant des signaux d’électromyographie (EMG), en adaptant le système à 1-DDL pour interagir avec le poignet et permettre d’évaluer l’activité des muscles fléchisseurs et extenseurs de deux sujets. La méthode itérative proposée sans signaux EMG donne des résultats proches de ceux obtenus avec la méthode utilisant les signaux EMG lorsqu’un modèle représentant bien le comportement de l’articulation humaine passive est choisi. Les résultats de détection de l’activité musculaire obtenus avec ces deux méthodes montrent un niveau de similarité satisfaisant avec ceux obtenus directement à partir des signaux EMG
Over the last years, physical human-robot interaction has become an important research subject, for example for rehabilitation applications. This PhD aims at improving these interactions, as part of model-based controllers development, using parametric identification approaches to identify models of the systems in interaction. The goal is to develop identification methods taking into account the variability and complexity of the human body, and only using the sensor of the robotic system to avoid adding external sensors. The different approaches presented in this thesis are tested experimentally on a one degree of freedom (1-DOF) system allowing the interaction with a person’s hand.After a 1st chapter presenting the state-of-the-art, the 2nd chapter tackles the identification methods developed in robotics as well as the issue of data filtering, analyzed both in simulation and experimentally. The question of the low-pass filter tuning is addressed, and in particular the choice of the cut-off frequency which remains delicate for a nonlinear system. To overcome these difficulties, a filtering technique using an extended Kalman filter (EKF) is developed from the robot dynamic model. The proposed EKF formulation allows a filter tuning depending on the known properties of the sensor and on the confidence on the initial parameters estimations. This method is compared in simulation and experimentally to different existing methods by analyzing its sensitivity to initialization and filter tuning. Results show that the proposed method is promising if the EKF is correctly tuned.The 3rd chapter concerns the continuous identification of the parameters of the model of a passive system interacting with a robotic system, by combining payload identification methods with online identification algorithms, without external sensors. These methods are validated in simulation and experimentally with the 1-DOF system whose handle is attached to elastic rubber bands to emulate a passive human joint. The analysis of the effects of the online methods tuning highlights a necessary trade-off between the convergence speed and the accuracy of the parameters estimates. Finally, the comparison of the payload identification methods shows that methods identifying separately the robotic system and the passive human parameters give better accuracy and a lower computation complexity.The 4th chapter deals with the identification during the human-robot interaction. A quadratic stiffness model is proposed to better fit the passive human joint behavior than a linear stiffness model. Then, this model is used with an iterative identification method based on outlier rejection technique, to detect the human user muscle activity without external sensors. This method is compared experimentally to a non-iterative method that uses electromyography (EMG), by adapting the 1-DOF system to interact with the wrist and to allow the detection of the flexor and extensor muscle activity of two human users. The proposed iterative identification method not using EMG signals achieves results close to those obtained with the non-iterative method using EMG signals when a model that correctly represents the passive human joint behavior is selected. The muscle activity detection results obtained with both methods show a satisfactory level of similarity compared to those obtained directly from EMG signals

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Chen, Shuenn-muh. "Kinematic and passive resistive properties of human shoulder hip and elbow complexes /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487266691095932.

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Parameswaran, Luckshman. "The effects of passive joint movement on human ankle stretch reflex dynamics." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ29621.pdf.

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Parameswaran, Luckshman. "The effects of passive joint movement on human ankle stretch reflex dynamics /." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27248.

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Анотація:

The role of the monosynaptic stretch reflex in the realm of human motor activity has been controversial for many years. A non-linear parallel-cascade system identification technique was recently developed to non-invasively elucidate the ankle reflex dynamics. Identification of these dynamics requires the application of stochastic signals to the ankle joint. The stretch reflex is known to be highly modulated and attenuated during on-going cyclical movements and passively applied perturbations. The aim of this study was to investigate these effects.
The stretch reflex gain was found to decrease progressively as the average velocity of the applied movement increased. The velocity-mediated effects were a function of the amplitude distribution characteristics, rather than the spectral properties, of the applied motion. The experiments confirmed that although the stretch reflex response is large enough to be important its effects will depend on the functional context.

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Harben, Alan M. "An Electromyographic kinetic model for passive stretch of hypertonic elbow flexors." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20301.

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McFaull, Steven R. "Measurement and statistical analysis of the passive viscoelastic properties of the human knee joint during flexion and extension motion." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6922.

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Анотація:

The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the net passive elastic joint moment and the angular damping coefficient of the human knee joint in full range flexion-extension. A secondary purpose was to develop regression equations to predict the measured passive properties from anthropometric data. The passive elastic moments increased exponentially as the limits of either flexion or extension were approached. The midrange of joint motion was a low moment (5 N$\cdot$m), low stiffness region. Considerable variability in the magnitudes of the passive elastic moments existed across subjects. At 140$\sp\circ$ of flexion, between about 5 N$\cdot$m and 86 N$\cdot$m was measured while the range at full extension (0$\sp\circ$) was about 6 N$\cdot$m to 22 N$\cdot$m. The angular damping coefficient was a nonlinear function (approximately quadratic) of the knee joint angle. The variability was not quite as high compared to the elastic component. Application of the data to the late swing phase of walking indicated that, for some subjects, the passive moments may contribute (or oppose) significantly to the net joint moment. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Usta, Umit Y. "Comparison of quaternion and euler angle methods for joint angle animation of human figure models." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA361544.

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Анотація:

Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science) Naval Postgraduate School, March 1999.
Thesis advisor(s): Robert B. McGhee, Michael J. Zyda. "March 1999". Includes bibliographical references (p. 201-203). Also available online.

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Wang, Yang. "Passive and muscle-based predictive computer models of seated and supine humans in whole-body vibration." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3549.

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Studies of human response to whole-body vibration, such those encountered in heavy machinery and ground and aerial transportation, have highlighted the critical role of the head-neck posture of seated human occupants and the role of the transport system of a supine human on the severity of the transmitted vibration to the human body. Novel passive and muscle-based models are introduced in this work to predict the biodynamical response of the human under whole-body vibration in seated and supine postures. Planar and three-dimensional models representing the human head-neck system under different seated postures and fore-aft and multiple-axis whole-body vibration are first introduced. In these models, the head-neck system is represented by rigid links connected via spring-damper components representing the soft-tissue and connecting elements between the bones. Additional muscle components are added to some models. The muscle components comprise additional mass, spring, and damper elements arranged in a special order to capture the effect of changes in the displacement, velocity, acceleration, and jerk. The results show that the proposed models are able to predict the displacement and acceleration of the head under different vibration files, with the muscle-based models showing better performance than the passive models. The second set of models is introduced in this work to investigate the effect of the underlying transport system conditions on the response of supine humans under vertical and multiple-axis whole-body vibration. In these models, the supine human body is represented by three rigid links representing the head, torso/arms, and legs. The links are connected via rotational and translational joints, and therefore, it is expected that the models can capture the coupling effects between adjacent segments. The joints comprise translational and rotational spring-damper components that represent the soft tissue and the connecting elements between the segments. The contact surfaces between the supine human and the underlying transport system were modeled using spring-damper elements. Two underlying transport systems were considered, including a rigid support and a long spinal board attached to a military litter. The results showed that the proposed models were able to predict the effect of the transport systems on the human response under different vibration conditions.

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Alderslade, Villene. "The correlation between passive and dynamic rotation in both the lead and trail hips of healthy young adult male golfers during a golf swing." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86370.

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Анотація:

Thesis (MScPhysio)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction-The golf swing is a complex, sequenced movement of body segments. This movement is smooth and well timed and is referred to as the kinematic golf sequence. This kinematic sequence illustrates the rotational speed, which occurs between the upper and lower body segments. Hip rotation plays an integral part to a sound kinematic sequence by providing a pivotal point between the upper and lower body segments, ensuring a synchronised golf swing. Hip rotation kinematics during a golf swing has received relatively little attention compared to other body segments’ movements. However, clinicians need to have a clear understanding of the rotational contribution that each hip make during golf swing in order to enhance the athlete’s performance and reduce the risk of injury. The aim of this descriptive research project was to obtain and investigate the total passive and total dynamic rotation range of movement in both the lead and trail hips of healthy, young adult, male golfers. Methodology-Seven, low handicapped, male golfers between the ages of 18 and 40 years were randomly selected in the Western Cape region from areas surrounding Stellenbosch University’s Tygerberg campus. A questionnaire gathered participant demographics that determined participatory eligibility. A preliminary reliability study established a baseline measurement for passive total articular hip rotation. Seatadjusted total passive hip rotation ranges of motion (ROM) measurements were collected with a hand-held inclinometer. Dynamic total hip rotation kinematic data was captured during a golf swing with an 8-camera video analysis system (VICON). Data analyses were performed with Statistica version 10. Hand-held inclinometer intra-rater reliability was determined with a two-way interclass correlation, standard error of measurement and a 95% confidence interval level. A Spearman correlation coefficient determined correlation between the total passive and total dynamic rotation range of movement in both the lead and trail hips. Results-Passive intra-rater reliability was reported as 0.81 (95% CI: 0.46-0.96). The total average passive articular range between the lead (62.1° ±6.4°) and trail hip (61.4° ±3.8°) did not report any significant difference (p=0.8). The total average dynamic golf swing articular range between the lead (29° ± 6.5°) and trail hip (35.° ±7.8°), was reported as significantly (p=0.04) asymmetric. The findings also demonstrated a positive correlation between the passive and dynamic total articular range in a lead hip, whereas a negative correlation was reported in a trail hip. During the golf swing the lead hip utilised 46.4%(± 8) of the total passive available hip rotation, whereas the trail hip utilised 58.8% (±13.2). Discussion and Conclusions-The findings of this study show that, the passive rotation ROM in a hip (LH=62°; TH=61°) of a golf player does not exceed the available range it has during a golf swing. The golfer’s hip utilises 46% of the available passive range of movement in the lead hip and 59% in the trail hip. In the clinical field careful consideration should be given to the motivation behind mobilizing, treating or stretching the hips of a golf player. These findings can be incorporated in future research on the relationship between hip-rotation ROM and reduction in the incidence of injuries amongst golfers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Inleiding-Die gholfswaai is n komplekse, opeenvolgende beweging van verskeie liggaamsegmente. Hierdie gladde opeenvolgende bewegings word die kinematiese gholfpatron genoem. Hierdie kinematiese opeenvolgende bewegings bied ’n illustrastrasie van die rotasiespoed waarteen die beweging tussen die boonste en onderste liggaamsegmente plaasvind. Heuprotasie speel ’n deurslaggewende rol in hierdie glad verlopende kinematiese proses. Dit dien as ’n spilpunt tussend die boonste en onderste kwadrant, wat op sy beurt weer ’n gesinkroniseerde gholfswaai verseker. Die heuprotasie kinamtieka tydens n gholfswaai het relatief minder aandag ontvang in vergelyking met ander liggaamsegmente. Klinici moet instaat gestel word om ’n duidelike begrip aangaande die bydrae wat heuprotasie tydens ’n golfswaai lewer, te ontwikkel. Die atleet se prestasie kan sodoende verbeter word, en die risiko tot beserings kan ook sodoende voorkom word. Die doel van hierdie beskrywende navorsingsprojek was om te bepaal wat die totale passiewe en die totale dinamies rotasie omvang van die leidende en volgende heupe van gesonde jong mans wat gholf speel, te ondersoek. Metodologie-Sewe gholf-geskoolde manlike gholf spelers met ’n lae voorgee en tussen die ouderdom van 18 en 40 jaar is ewekansig gekies. Hierdie kandidate is gekies uit die omliggende gebiede van die Stellenbosch Tygerberg kampus in die Wes-Kaap waar hulle relatief naby woonagtig was. ’n Vraelys is aangewend om demografiese eienskappe van elke deelnemer in te samel. Hierdie inligting wat deur die vraelys bekom is, is gebruik om te bepaal of die deelnemers in aanmerking is vir die studie. ’n Voorlopige, intra-meter betroubaarheidstudie is gedoen vir passiewe, totale artikulêre heuprotasiemetings wat met ’n hand hanteerbare hoek meter geneem is. ’n Algemene fisiese ondersoek is in die biomeganiese labaratorium afgehandel om te bepaal of die deelnemers geskik is vir die toetse. Sit-aangepaste passiewe totale hip rotasie beweging metings was ingesamel met 'n hand hanteerbare hoek meter. Intra-meter betroubaarheid is bepaal met ’n twee-rigting interklas korrelasie, standaard foutmeting en ’n 95% vertroue interval vlak. Dinamiese totale heup kinematiese rotasiedata is afgeneem met ’n hoë-spoed 3-D videografiestelsel (VICON) tydens 'n gholfswaai. Data-ontleding is bereken met ’n Statistica weergawe 10. Die gemiddelde en Spearman korrelasie koëffisiënt is gebruik as aanwysers van verspreiding. Resultate-Passiewe inter-meter betroubaarheid word geraporteer as 0.81 (95% KI: 0.46-0.96). Die resultate dui op ’n onbeduidende totale passiewe artikulêre reeks verskille tussen die leidende (voorste) (62.1 ± 6.4 °) en volgende (agterste) heupe (61.4 ° ± 3.8 °). ’n Beduidende totale dinamiese artikulêre reeks van die leidende (29 ° ± 6.5 °) en volgende heupe (35.9 ° ± 7.8 °) is tydens die gholfswaai bereik. Verdere resultate toon ’n positiewe korrelasie tussen die passiewe en dinamiese totale artikulêre reeks in die leidende heup, terwyl ’n negatiewe korrelasie gerapporteer word vir die volgende (agterste) heup. Tydens ’n gholfswaai gebruik die leidende heup 46.4% (± 8%) van die totale passiewe beskikbaar heuprotasie, terwyl die opvolgende (agterste) heup 58.8% (± 13.2%) aanwend. Bespreking en gevolgtrekking-Die bevindinge van hierdie studie toon dat tydens ’n gholfswaai, ’n gesonde gholfspeler nie die beskikbare passiewe beweging wat in sy heup bestaan oorskry nie. Slegs 46.4% van die beskikbare passiewe beweging in sy leidende heup word gebruik, en 58.8% van sy agterste heup. Die klinisie moet deeglike oorweging gegee word aan die motivering agter die mobilisering, strekke en die behandeling van die heupe van ’n gholfspeler. Hierdie bevindings kan in toekomstige navorsing geimplimenteer word om die verhouding wat tussen die omvange vand heuprotasie bestaan te ondersoek. Die voorkoming van moontlike toekomstige beserings in gholfspelers kan ook verhoed word.

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Книги з теми "Passive human joint models"

Comparison of Quaternion and Euler Angle Methods for Joint Angle Animation of Human Figure Models. Storming Media, 1999.

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Resolving indeterminacy associated with joint-level motor equivalence in planar aimed arm movements. 1994.

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(Editor), Richard N. Taylor, and Joelle Coutaz (Editor), eds. Software Engineering and Human-Computer Interaction: Icse '94 Workshop on Se-Hci : Joint Research Issues Sorrento, Italy, May 16-17, 1994 : Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol 896). Springer, 1995.

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Dartnall, Terry, ed. Creativity, Cognition, and Knowledge. Praeger, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400633553.

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This collection weitten by leading figures in cognitive science includes their lively debates with Dartnall about his call for a new epistemology, an alternative to the standard representational story in cognitive science. Dartnall aims to show that new epistemology is already with us in some leading-edge models of human creativity. Such an epistemology steers a middle road between the representationism of classical cognitive science and a radical anti-representationism that denies the existence or importance of representations. Dartnall, who debates contributors at each chapter's end, believes that creativity inheres—not only in big ticket items such as plays, poems, or sonatas—but in our ability to produce cognitive content at all, so that representations are the creative products of our knowledge, rather than its passive carriers.

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Clack, Timothy, and Marcus Brittain, eds. Archaeologies of Cultural Contact. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199693948.001.0001.

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Abstract Archaeologies of Cultural Contact undertakes an exploration of cultural contact and cultural transfer, with a particular focus on the combination and modification of material and behavioural attributes under conditions of contact. From globalization and displacement to cultural legitimization and identity politics, the modern world is characterized by and articulated through dynamics of contact and transfer. The book recognizes that creolization, ethnogenesis, hybridity, and syncretism are analytical concepts and social processes not only of relevance to the postcolonial contexts of the twentieth century but to wide-ranging instances where contact is made between cultural groups. Indeed, in representing the re-working of pre-existing cultural elements, they were crucial and ever-present features of the human past. Characterized as passive, agentless, and unidirectional, this volume exposes and overcomes various limitations of competing models of cultural change. Ranging in their analytical frame, scale, and geographical and temporal location, the thirteen chapters in this volume demonstrate the diverse understandings that can be gained from explorations into the material remains of past contact. The volume permits insights not only into cultural change and difference but also the processes of appropriation, resistance, redefinition, and incorporation. Together, the contributions articulate the perspectives that concern practices in relations to people, places, and things and note how power dynamics mediate social interactions and sustain and constrain forms of cultural contact. This book will be of interest to researchers and students in archaeology and also those from cognate disciplines, particularly anthropology and history.

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Частини книг з теми "Passive human joint models"

Blankevoort, L., R. Huiskes, and A. de Lange. "The Reproducibility of Passive Human Knee-Joint Motion Characteristics." In Biomechanics: Current Interdisciplinary Research, 309–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7432-9_42.

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Assi, Ayman, Wafa Skalli, and Ismat Ghanem. "Next-Generation Models Using Optimized Joint Center Location." In Handbook of Human Motion, 527–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14418-4_27.

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Assi, Ayman, Wafa Skalli, and Ismat Ghanem. "Next-Generation Models Using Optimized Joint Center Location." In Handbook of Human Motion, 1–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30808-1_27-1.

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Trad, Zahra, Abdelwahed Barkaoui, Moez Chafra, and João Manuel R. S. Tavares. "Finite Element Models of the Knee Joint." In FEM Analysis of the Human Knee Joint, 1–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74158-1_1.

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Gragg, Jared, Jingzhou (James) Yang, and Robyn Boothby. "Posture Reconstruction Method for Mapping Joint Angles of Motion Capture Experiments to Simulation Models." In Digital Human Modeling, 69–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21799-9_8.

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Choi, Hyeon Ki, Si Yeol Kim, and Hyeon Chang Choi. "Biomechanical Analysis of the Musculoskeletal System of Human Foot by Using Passive Elastic Characteristics of Joint." In Key Engineering Materials, 2231–34. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-456-1.2231.

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Gherman, Diana E., and Thorsten O. Zander. "Implicit Human Feedback for Large Language Models: A Passive-Brain Computer Interfaces Study Proposal." In Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation, 279–86. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71385-9_24.

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Ruprecht, Ruth M. "Passive Immunization with Human Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies Against HIV-1 in Macaque Models: Experimental Approaches." In Therapeutic Antibodies, 559–66. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-554-1_31.

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Franci, Riccardo, and Vincenzo Parenti-Castelli. "A One-Degree-of-Freedom Spherical Wrist for the Modelling of Passive Motion of the Human Ankle Joint." In Interdisciplinary Applications of Kinematics, 183–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2978-0_14.

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Kaiser, André, Michael Spitzhirn, and Angelika C. Bullinger. "Joint Angle Depending Representation of Maximum Forces in Digital Human Models: Investigating Multivariate Joint-Torque Polynomials for Elbow Flexion and Elbow Extension." In Advances in Ergonomic Design of Systems, Products and Processes, 349–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53305-5_25.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Passive human joint models"

Ortiz, Lizeth Calderón, Bryan Castillo, and Peter Thomson. "Efectos de la Interacción Humano-Estructura pasiva en propiedades dinámicas de estructuras." In IABSE Congress, San José 2024: Beyond Structural Engineering in a Changing World, 1223–31. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2024. https://doi.org/10.2749/sanjose.2024.1223.

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<p>This paper investigates the passive effects of human-structure interaction (HSI) on the dynamic properties of civil structures. Experimental campaigns were conducted on a cantilever test structure, first with human subjects standing passively on the structure, and then with inert loads simulating the mass of the occupants. The results show that the presence of passive occupants significantly reduces the natural frequencies and increases the damping coefficients of the coupled human-structure system compared to the empty structure and the structure with imposed masses. This highlights the importance of properly considering the dynamic coupling between people and the structures they occupy, rather than simply treating occupants as additional imposed masses. Anthropometric characteristics of the test subjects, such as weight and height, were found to influence the magnitude of HSI effects, although no direct correlation was observed, indicating that other factors, such as body mass distribution and joint stiffness, also play a role. The pressure insoles data provided more information on how passive occupants interact with the structure in terms of load distribution and dynamic response. These results underscore the need to better understand and model passive HSI to achieve structured designs.</p>

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Zhu, Xianglu, Zhang Zhang, Wei Wang, Zilei Wang, and Liang Wang. "Learning Energy-Based Models for 3D Human Pose Estimation." In 2024 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), 1–8. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650155.

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Kawasaki, Atsushi, Sho Yokota, Akihiro Matsumoto, Daisuke Chugo, Satoshi Muramatsu, and Hiroshi Hashimoto. "Development of Hands-Free Crutch with Passive Load-Sensitive Joint capable Locking Rotation." In 2024 16th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI), 1–6. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hsi61632.2024.10613590.

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Ta, Bao Thang, Minh Khang Pham, Nhat Minh Le, and Van Hai Do. "Human Behavior Modeling in Speech Transcribing Process via Pretrained Speech Recognition Models." In 2024 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), 1–6. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650855.

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Xu, Bangrui, Fuhui Sun, Xiaoliang Liu, Peng Wu, Xiaoyan Wang, and Li Pan. "Complex Claim Verification via Human Fact-Checking Imitation with Large Language Models." In 2024 19th International Joint Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing (iSAI-NLP), 1–6. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/isai-nlp64410.2024.10799276.

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Di Gregorio, Raffaele, and Vincenzo Parenti-Castelli. "Three-Equation Kinematic Models for the Human Knee Passive Motion Simulation." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21111.

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Abstract Mathematical models are essential tools in the functional analysis of complicated biological structures such as the human knee joint. This paper presents two new mathematical models of the human knee for passive motion simulation. Both models comprise three scalar equations in four unknowns that can be reduced to one univariate polynomial equation, when a value of the mechanism’s generalized coordinate is given. The polynomial equation admits at most forty real solutions. Finally, the relationships to transform the employed joint coordinates into the joint coordinates usually employed in clinical practice are also reported.

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Di Gregorio, R., and V. Parenti-Castelli. "Systematic Sensitivity Analysis of Spatial One-DOF Models of Diarthrodial Joints." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84939.

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The identification of an equivalent mechanism which may reproduce at best the relative passive motion of the main anatomical structures of a human articulation is a target of great importance in the study of diarthrodial joints. Passive motion, that is the motion of the joint under virtually unloaded condition, is of basic importance for understanding the role of elements like bones, ligaments, etc. The identification is based on measurements performed during in vitro experiments. Passive motion of a number of human diarthrodial joints may be reproduced by equivalent mechanisms. However, the most critical points when devising the equivalent mechanism are represented by the changes of the subject articulation geometry due to age, sex, body constitution, etc. Thus, the equivalent mechanism sensitivity to the variations of the geometric parameters needs a careful investigation. The passive motion of many diarthrodial joints can be modeled by an equivalent mechanism with one degree of freedom (dof). This paper shows how the sensitivity of a one-dof equivalent mechanism with a finite number of geometric parameters can be studied in a systematic way. A sensitivity index together with some coefficients, called influence coefficients, are proposed which enable measuring the sensitivity of a mechanism, thus allowing the comparison of different equivalent mechanisms from the sensitivity viewpoint. Finally, a case study shows the application of the proposed methodology.

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Moglo, K., and A. Shirazi-Adl. "Response Analysis of Passive Human Knee Joint in Flexion Under Anterior-Posterior Loads." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/bed-23072.

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Abstract The human knee joint is a multi-body complex system that experiences relatively large loads and displacements during normal daily activities. The joint stability is provided by its articular surfaces, menisci, ligaments and muscles. An injury to a component is expected to influence the joint normal kinematics/kinetics with liklihood to initiate/accelerate joint instability and degeneration. In this work, a validated nonlinear 3-D model of the human knee joint [1,2] is further refined and applied to the analysis of the tibiofemoral joint in passive flexion under 100N anterior or posterior horizontal preload. Attention is focused on the global (primary and coupled) motions, ligament forces and load transmission via articular surfaces. The effect of ligament initial strain on the response is also investigated.

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Abedin, Alireza, S. Hamid Rezatofighi, Qinfeng Shi, and Damith C. Ranasinghe. "SparseSense: Human Activity Recognition from Highly Sparse Sensor Data-streams Using Set-based Neural Networks." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/801.

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Batteryless or so called passive wearables are providing new and innovative methods for human activity recognition (HAR), especially in healthcare applications for older people. Passive sensors are low cost, lightweight, unobtrusive and desirably disposable; attractive attributes for healthcare applications in hospitals and nursing homes. Despite the compelling propositions for sensing applications, the data streams from these sensors are characterised by high sparsity---the time intervals between sensor readings are irregular while the number of readings per unit time are often limited. In this paper, we rigorously explore the problem of learning activity recognition models from temporally sparse data. We describe how to learn directly from sparse data using a deep learning paradigm in an end-to-end manner. We demonstrate significant classification performance improvements on real-world passive sensor datasets from older people over the state-of-the-art deep learning human activity recognition models. Further, we provide insights into the model's behaviour through complementary experiments on a benchmark dataset and visualisation of the learned activity feature spaces.

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Chagdes, James R., Joao P. Freire, and Amit Shukla. "Nonlinear Dynamics of Upright Human Balance While Using a Passive-Cane." In ASME 2016 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2016-9863.

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Recent mathematical models of human posture have been explored to better understand the space of control parameters that result in stable upright balance. These models have demonstrated that there are two types of instabilities — a leaning instability and an instability leading to excessive oscillation. While these models provide insight into the stability of upright bipedal stance, they are not sufficient for individuals that require the aid of assistive technologies, such as a passive-cane or a walker. Without a valid model one is unable to understand the control parameters required for maintain upright posture or if similar instabilities even exist when assistive technologies are used. Therefore in this study, we developed a mathematical model of human posture while using a passive-cane to examine the nonlinear dynamics of stance. First, we developed a simple mathematical model of cane assisted human stance by adapting the inverted pendulum model of Chagdes et al., [1]. We modeled the human body, upper arm, forearm, cane, and ground as a two-degree-of-freedom, five-bar-linkage with pin joints representing the ankle, shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints. Second, we investigate upright stability in the parameter space of feedback gain and time-delay. We hypothesize that the analysis will show similar instabilities compared to that of a human standing without assistive technology. We also hypothesize that the space of control parameters which stabilize upright equilibrium posture will increase when a cane is incorporated. This study has two potential applications. First, the developed mathematical model could allow clinicians to better assess technology assisted balance and if needed help clinicians to customize a treatment plan for an individual that allows them to avoid unstable postural dynamics. Second, the mathematical model can be used to design customized assistive technology for people of difference physical properties and impairments.

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