Щоб переглянути інші типи публікацій з цієї теми, перейдіть за посиланням: Pastoral Zone.
Статті в журналах з теми "Pastoral Zone"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 статей у журналах для дослідження на тему "Pastoral Zone".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте статті в журналах для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
1
Zounon, Christian Serge Félix, Massaoudou Moussa, Tougiani Abasse, Issa Hamadou, Habou Rabiou, Boubakar Katkore, Didier Tidjani, and Jean-Marie Karimou Ambouta. "Perception paysanne de l’écologie des espèces ligneuses fourragères et médicinales (ELFM) de la régénération naturelle assistée (RNA) suivant un gradient agro-écologique du centre-sud du Niger." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 16, no. 3 (August 27, 2022): 1057–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v16i3.13.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L’utilisation des organes des arbres dans l’alimentation et la santé animale prend de l’ampleur dans les terroirs villageois du centre-sud du Niger. Ces services écosystémiques sont souvent assurés par les espèces ligneuses de la régénération naturelle assistée (RNA). L’objectif de cette étude était d’appréhender les connaissances locales sur la distribution et l’utilisation des espèces ligneuses fourragères et médicinales (ELFM) dans les zones agro-écologiques. La méthode des enquêtes ethnobotaniques a été utilisée à l’aide d’un échantillon de 78 répondants, repartis en 25 en zone pastorale, 26 en zone agropastorale et 27 en zone agricole. Les résultats ont permis d’identifier une liste floristique des espèces ligneuses fourragères (ELF) repartie en 17 espèces en zone pastorale, 22 en zone agro-pastorale et 33 en zone agricole. Aussi, 8 espèces ligneuses médicinales (ELM) sont utilisées pour soigner 5 pathologies animales en zone agricole, 5 pour traiter 3 pathologies en zone pastorale et 3 pour soigner 3 pathologies en zone agro-pastorale. Ces résultats peuvent être utilisés dans la promotion de la RNA, en entretenant les ELFM importantes pour le bien-être des populations locales.
The use of tree organs for food and animal health is increasing in village lands in south-central Niger. These ecosystem services are often provided by woody species of farmer managed natural regeneration (FMNR). The objective of this study was to understand local knowledge on the distribution and use of woody fodder and medicinal species (WFMS) in agro-ecological zones. The ethnobotanical survey method was used with a sample of 78 respondents, divided into 25 in pastoral zones, 26 in agropastoral zones and 27 in agricultural zones. The results identified a floristic list of woody fodder species (WFS) divided into 17 species in the pastoral zone, 22 in the agro-pastoral zone and 33 in the agricultural zone. Also, 8 medicinal woody species (MWS) are used to treat 5 animal diseases in the agricultural zone, 5 to treat 3 diseases in the pastoral zone and 3 to treat 3 diseases in the agro-pastoral zone. These results can be used in the promotion of FMNR, by maintaining the WFMS important for the welfare of local populations.
2
Ouedraogo, Souleymane, Abdoulaye Yao, Paul Hahadoubouga Yarga, Lassina Sanou, Sebastien Kiema, Baba Ouattara, and Hien Mipro. "Composition, diversité, structure et stock de carbone de la strate ligneuse des zones pastorales au Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 18, no. 6 (February 27, 2025): 2326–43. https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v18i6.20.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les zones pastorales apportent l’essentiel de l’alimentation pour le bétail. Comprendre la dynamique de la végétation des zones pastorales est important pour guider dans la proposition des stratégies pour leur management. Dans cette étude nous avons décrit la composition, la diversité, la structure et la capacité de stockage de carbone de deux zones pastorales du Burkina Faso. Pour ce faire, un inventaire forestier a été réalisé suivant un échantillonnage systématique à l’intérieur de 321 placettes de superficies unitaires de 900 m2. Les résultats ont indiqué que la flore ligneuse des sites étudiés était constituée de 103 espèces reparties en 77 genres et 32 familles. Les zones pastorales de l’Ouest étaient plus diversifiées que celles du centre-sud. La structure des ligneux de ces sites présentaient une distribution en forme de J-renversé caractérisant la dominance des individus de petit diamètre sur ceux de gros diamètre. Hormis Balanites aegyptiaca dans la zone pastorale de l’Ouest, la densité des espèces ligneuses fourragères était très faible (<10 pieds/ha). Il était ressorti que les arbres du site d’étude de Sidéradougou ont produit la plus grande quantité de biomasse (118,39 tMS/ha) avec un stockage de carbone de 59,19 tC/ha. De ces résultats, il est nécessaire d’améliorer le disponible fourrager et la capacité de séquestration de carbone de l’atmosphère des zones pastorales du Burkina Faso. English title: Composition, diversity, structure and carbon stock of the woody stratum of pastoral areas in Burkina Pastoral areas provide most of the feed for livestock. Understanding the dynamics of pastoral vegetation is important to guide for formulating efficient strategies for their management. In this study, we described the composition, diversity, structure and carbon storage capacity of two pastoral areas of Burkina Faso. To do this, a forest inventory was carried out following a systematic sampling within 321 plots with unit areas of 900 m2 . The results indicated that the woody flora of the studied sites consisted of 103 species divided into 77 genera and 32 families. The pastoral areas of the west area were more diversified than those of the center-south area. The structure of the woody plants of these sites presented an inverted J-shaped distribution pattern suggesting the dominance of individuals of small diameter over those of large diameter. Except for Balanites aegyptiaca in the western pastoral zone, the density of woody fodder species was very low (<10 trees/ha). It appeared that trees in the Sideradougou study site produced the greatest amount of biomass (118.39 tDM/ha) with a carbon storage of 59.19 tC/ha. From these results, it is necessary to improve the fodder availability and the carbon sequestration capacity of the atmosphere in pastoral areas of Burkina Faso.
3
Eshbel, Atlaw, Asmera Adicha, Anteneh Tadesse, Awoke Tadesse, and Yibrah Gebremeskel. "Demonstration of Improved Banana (William-1 Variety) Production and Commercialization in Nyanghtom District of South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia." Research on World Agricultural Economy 4, no. 3 (July 13, 2023): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36956/rwae.v4i3.865.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A demonstration of improved banana production and commercialization was conducted in the Nyanghtom district of the South Omo Zone to enhance the livelihoods of pastoralists and agro-pastoralists in the area. One improved banana variety (Wiliyams-1) was used for the demonstration and planted on one hectare of land after training was given for purposively selected 25 trial pastoral agro-pastoral research and extension groups and 7 nontrial agro-pastorals from land preparation to harvesting. Relevant data through individual interviews and measurement of agronomic parameters were collected. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Likert scale measurement of agro-pastoral preference. Based on the results, the mean banana fruit produced was 28.4 ton ha–1 under agro-pastoral management and also agro-pastoral preference indicated that the variety Wiliyam-1 was the first choice of agro pastorals in all parameters except drought resistance. Cost-benefit analysis results indicated that the average net income obtained from banana production was 209,647 Ethiopian Birr ha–1. The cost-benefit ratio of 2.95:1 indicated that the benefit of production was nearly three times higher than the cost of production. However, agro-pastoral raised the frequent breakdown of water pumps, lack of operation and maintenance skills, and the high cost of fuel to operate generators and tractors were major bottlenecks to sustaining production. Therefore, strong efforts of respective stakeholders are needed to resolve irrigation water access problems for sustainable banana production and commercialization to ensure food security and improve the livelihoods of women and agro-pastorals.
4
Nébié, Elisabeth Kago Ilboudo, Colin Thor West, and Todd Andrew Crane. "'Where's the map?': integrating ethnography with maps to understand the complementarity between pastoral mobility and border formation." Journal of Political Ecology 27, no. 1 (August 30, 2020): 795–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v27i1.23152.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The resettlement of herders in pastoral zones is often criticized for hindering pastoral mobility, which is essential to survival. We integrate narratives of conflict and environmental change with maps to demonstrate the complementarity between pastoral mobility – porous borders – and border demarcation – rigid borders. We use evidence from the Sondré-Est Pastoral Zone in southern Burkina Faso, where herders were voluntarily resettled near agricultural villages following the droughts of the 1970s. Over time, however, farmers encroached on the borders of the pastoral zone and surrounding grazing areas declined. This increased land-use disputes. Tensions were exacerbated by the fact that these communities kept maps as community secrets. We re-created the administrative boundaries of the pastoral zone to map land-use/land-cover changes and conflict hot spots. The maps show that conflicts happened along porous borders where agricultural fields encroached. Herders called for a clear demarcation of the border of the pastoral zone to preserve exclusive access to resources within it. Simultaneously, they also wanted to maintain shared access to other resources outside the pastoral zone. The herders' desire for both border clarity and some form of flexibility underlines the complementary between both processes, especially in times of resource scarcity and land-use conflict. The mystery around the maps helps sustain ambiguity that is key for pursuing both goals. Keywords: GIS, land-use and land-cover change, farmer-herder border conflicts, pastoral mobility, Sahel, Burkina Faso
5
Idrissou, Y., Youssoufa Mama Sambo Seidou, A. Assani Seidou, H. S. Sanni Worogo, Brice Gérard Comlan Assogba, I. Alkoiret Traoré, and Marcel Houinato. "Influence du pâturage et du gradient climatique sur la diversité floristique et la productivité des parcours naturels au Bénin." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 73, no. 3 (September 17, 2020): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.31894.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Située dans la zone soudanienne du Bénin, la forêt classée de l’Alibori supérieur est à cheval entre le climat tropical humide et le climat tropical sec. Elle est l’une des destinations privilégiées des transhumants nationaux et étrangers. Ces derniers sont attirés par ses ressources pastorales. Les fortes concentrations de bétail présentes ont des conséquences sur la biodiversité qu’il importe de connaître afin de prendre les décisions appropriées. Cette étude a eu pour objectif d’évaluer l’influence de l’intensité du pâturage et du gradient climatique sur la richesse et la diversité floristique, la phytomasse ainsi que sur la valeur pastorale de ces parcours. Les résultats ont montré que les effectifs des familles, genres et espèces diminuaient à mesure que l’intensité du pâturage augmentait. Ce même constat a été fait au niveau de la diversité maximale, de la phytomasse et de la capacité de charge. La zone soudanienne humide a montré une richesse et une diversité floristique, ainsi qu’une productivité et une capacité de charge meilleures que la zone soudanienne sèche. La valeur du recouvrement de la zone sèche a été plus élevée que celle de la zone humide, alors que sa valeur pastorale a été plus faible. Ces résultats pourraient contribuer à la gestion durable des parcours naturels des aires protégées et du système pastoral au Bénin.
6
Kebede, Basha, Dembi Korji, and Girma Amare. "Participatory evaluation and selection of improved haricot bean varieties at liben district, lowland agro ecology of Guji zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 7, no. 8 (March 27, 2018): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1005/2017.7.8/1005.8.160.166.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The activity was conducted in Liben district to evaluate the yield performance of improved haricot bean varieties. 25 pastorals and agro pastorals were selected from Measa kebele with collaboration of Liben Pastoral and Agro Pastoral Office, Zonal Mobile Supporting Team and kebele leaders. The 25 pastoral and agro pastorals were grouped into one PAPRG. Then 25 PAPRG members were regrouped into three experimental pastorals and agro pastoralists. Training were given for PAPRG members. Exchange visit was arranged to share experience on the work each PAPRG. Haramaya, Awasa Dume, Ebado varieties were evaluated with standard check variety. Descriptive statistics and direct matrix ranking was used to analysis the data. Local variety give the highest yield (31kg/ha). PAPRG criteria for haricot bean production was market demand, color, disease/insect reaction, drought resistance. Accordingly, Ebado variety was preferred by PAPRGs based on marketability while Local check and Awasa Dube were selected as first and second respectively based on drought resistance, number of pod/plant, higher yield and resistance to insects. Haramaya variety was susceptible to insects. Pastoralists and agro pastoralists should use Ebado variety to increase their income and local variety for household consumption.
7
Azalou, Maximilien, Alassan Assani Seidou, Brice Gérard Comlan Assogba, Josias Steve Adjassin, Hilaire Sorébou Sanni Worogo, Mohamed Nasser Baco, and Ibrahim Alkoiret Traoré. "Calendrier pastoral et carte de transhumance des éleveurs exploitant les ressources pastorales de la commune de Djidja au Sud Bénin." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 72, no. 1 (May 16, 2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.31727.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Djidja est l’une des plus grandes communes productrices agricoles du département du Zou au sud du Bénin. De par ses ressources fourragères et hydriques, elle est devenue une destination des éleveurs transhumants. Les mouvements des éleveurs transhumants continuent de s’étendre, de même que les séjours dans cette zone d’accueil s’allongent. L’étude a eu pour objectif global d’élaborer le calendrier pastoral et la carte de transhumance des éleveurs fréquentant cette commune. Des entretiens semi-structurés ont été conduits auprès de 300 acteurs de la transhumance. L’enquête a montré que la transhumance dans cette commune était surtout due à la recherche de ressources fourragères et hydriques (78,7 %). Sept périodes (Seeto, Nduungu Mawdo, Nduungu Pamarel, Jahol, Djaamdè, Dabuundè et Cheedu) ont été identifiées dans le calendrier des transhumants fréquentant cette zone avec une particularité de deux périodes de Nduungu (saison des pluies). Cette particularité est liée aux données climatiques de la zone qui comprend quatre saisons, dont deux pluvieuses et deux sèches. Le calendrier pastoral, l’itinéraire suivi et les temps de séjour dépendaient de la disponibilité des ressources pastorales des zones d’attache, de transit et d’accueil. Ainsi, la bonne connaissance des pistes empruntées, des points d’entrées et de sorties, et des périodes d’accueil des éleveurs transhumants serviront d’outils aux décideurs en matière de gestion durable de la transhumance et des ressources pastorales au sud du Bénin.
8
Issoufa, Idrissa, Morou boubé, Abdoulaye Diouf, Saley Karim, and Ali Mahamane. "Caractérisation des pâturages herbacés sahéliens à accès limité : Cas du Centre Secondaire de Multiplication de Bétail de Sayam (Diffa)." Journal of Applied Biosciences 156 (December 26, 2020): 16095–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.156.4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objectifs : Cette étude vise à caractériser l’état actuel des pâturages herbacés du Centre Secondaire de Multiplication de Bétail de Sayam. Méthodologie et Résultats : Quatre groupements pastoraux ont été identifiés et décrits à partir de 56 relevés linéaires réalisés sur un transect Sud - Nord. Au total 98 espèces herbacées réparties parmi 59 genres et 27 familles botaniques ont été répertoriées. Les genres suivants : Eragrostis, Ipomoea, Aristida, Cenchrus, Indigofera, Digitaria et Brachiaria ont été les mieux représentés. Ils représentent environ 50% du total et renferment l’essentiel des espèces de bonne valeur pastorale. Le recouvrement global, les valeurs pastorales brutes et nettes sont respectivement de 85,5%, 75,05% et 67,56%, celles-ci attestent que le pâturage du centre est de bonne qualité. La productivité globale en phytomasse herbacée a été estimée 2,26 tMS/ha avec une capacité de charge globale de 0,40 UBT/ha/an soit 2,5 ha/UBT/an. L’analyse du spectre fourrager indique que les espèces de bonne valeur pastorale et de faible valeur pastorale dominent le tapis herbacé. La première catégorie domine la zone centrale mieux protégée tandis que la dernière occupe les parties périphériques soumises à une forte exploitation du bétail. Conclusion et application des résultats : Le front de colonisation des espèces faiblement appétées (espèces qui ont IS = 0 ou IS = 1) progresse vers le centre sous l’effet de la forte pression pastorale. D’où l’urgence de clôturer l’ensemble du périmètre du centre afin d’éviter de créer un déséquilibre écologique préjudiciable à la survie de nombreuses espèces inféodées à ces milieux particuliers. Dans les perspectives d’une gestion durable des ressources fourragères des centres secondaire de multiplication de bétail, ce travail fournit des informations scientifiques fiables sur l’état actuel des pâturages herbacés de ce centre. Mots-clés : Kouri, composition floristique, groupements pastoraux, qualité pastorale, Sayam. Idrissa et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Caractérisation des pâturages herbacés sahéliens à accès limité : Cas du Centre Secondaire de Multiplication de Bétail de Sayam (Diffa). 16096 Characterization of Sahelian herbaceous pastures with limited access: Case of the Secondary Cattle Multiplication Center of Sayam (Diffa). ABSTRACT Objectives : This study aims to characterize the current state of the herbaceous pastures of the Sayam Secondary Cattle Multiplication Center. Methodology and Results : Four pastoral groups have been identified and described from 56 linear surveys carried out on a South - North transect. A total of 98 herbaceous species distributed among 59 genera and 27 botanical families have been listed. The best represented genera are: Eragrostis, Ipomoea, Aristida, Cenchrus, Indigofera, Digitaria and Brachiaria. They represent about 50% of the total and contain most of the species of good pastoral value. The overall recovery, the gross and net pastoral values are respectively 85.5%, 75.05% and 67.56%, these attest that the pasture of the center is of good quality. The overall productivity of herbaceous phytomass was estimated at 2.26 tMS / ha with an overall carrying capacity of 0.40 TLU / ha / year, ie 2.5 ha / TLU / year. Analysis of the forage spectrum indicates that species of good pastoral value and those of low pastoral value dominate the grass cover. The first category dominates the better protected central zone while the last occupies the peripheral parts subject to heavy livestock exploitation. Conclusion and applicability of results : The colonization front of poorly palatable species is progressing towards the center under the effect of strong pastoral pressure. Hence the urgency to enclose the entire perimeter of the center in order to avoid creating an ecological imbalance detrimental to the survival of many species dependent on these particular miles. With a view to the rehabilitation and sustainable management of these pastoral centers, this study provides additional information on the current state of the herbaceous pastures in this center. Keywords : Kouri, floristic composition, pastoral groups, pastoral quality, Sayam, Niger
9
Zhang, Yajing, Ruifang Hao, and Yu Qin. "Temporal and Spatial Variation of Agricultural and Pastoral Production in the Eastern Section of the Agro-Pastoral Transitional Zone in Northern China." Agriculture 14, no. 6 (May 25, 2024): 829. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14060829.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The agro-pastoral transitional zone in northern China is an important agricultural and pastoral production base. This study focuses on the eastern section of the agro-pastoral transitional zone in northern China. Combined with spatio-temporal analysis, stepwise regression, and gray relation analysis, we analyzed the average annual growth rate, spatio-temporal changes, and influencing factors of agricultural and pastoral production in the study area during 2000–2020. The results show that, in the past 20 years, the agricultural and pastoral production of the 50 municipal districts and counties has significantly changed, among which the agricultural production of 38 municipal districts and counties has shown an extremely significant increase. Generally, the growth rate of agricultural production is higher than that of pastoral production. Agricultural and pastoral production in the study area is influenced by socio-economic and land use/cover factors, with an average correlation degree of 0.79 and 0.88, respectively. Climate change affects agricultural production in agricultural counties, with a correlation degree of 0.85. The results of this research provide valuable insights into understanding the long-term temporal and spatial changes in agricultural and pastoral production and help to develop sound agriculture and pastoral management practices in the eastern section of the agro-pastoral transitional zone in Northern China.
10
Ferguson, Claire. "Out of Our Comfort Zone." New Zealand Journal of Counselling 32, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/nzjc.v32i1.159.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Effective pastoral services in schools depend on leadership from the board of trustees and the principal, as well as teamwork and trust among all involved in the pastoral network. The counsellor has a critical role in developing and maintain ing the network as s/he is the nexus linking many "players" in the school, community and key social agencies. The development of the pastoral services in our South Auckland high school has been guided by the Vision, Values and Principles of the New Zealand Curriculum. This article describes the philosophy behind, and the implementation of, our pastoral services, which embrace all aspects of students' well-being and development, the counsellor's role in the process, the importance of an holistic approach that incorporates spirituality in the lives of students, and aspects of safe practice in a challenging environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of New Zealand Journal of Counselling is the property of New Zealand Association of Counsellors and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
11
Gibbs, M. "Studying pastoral property management in the arid zone." Rangeland Journal 7, no. 1 (1985): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9850055.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study of pastoral property management in the arid zone is important, but fraught with problems. In 1980, 30 managers in the North-East Pastoral Region of South Australia were surveyed. This paper identifies the human and social factors found to be related to some of the structural and managerial variables measured in the survey. Several of the more important problems associated with studying pastoral property management are noted, and one possible method of overcoming them described.
12
Cobon, David H., Louis Kouadio, Shahbaz Mushtaq, Chelsea Jarvis, John Carter, Grant Stone, and Peter Davis. "Evaluating the shifts in rainfall and pasture-growth variabilities across the pastoral zone of Australia during 1910–2010." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 7 (2019): 634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18482.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Interannual rainfall variability in Australia is a source of risk within agricultural industries. Insights into changes to rainfall and pasture-growth variabilities are essential to inform adaptation strategies for climate risk management within the grazing industry. We investigated shifts in rainfall and pasture-growth variabilities between the periods 1910–1960 and 1961–2010 for the pastoral zone in Australia. Rainfall variability was also assessed for the high-rainfall and wheat–sheep zones. An index of variability was calculated by using gridded rainfall and pasture-growth data for both periods. The percentage change was then calculated as the difference in variation between the two periods. Overall, the variability of annual rainfall has significantly increased (P < 0.01) between the two periods for the pastoral zone. Pastoral regions in the Northern Territory had the greatest increases in pasture-growth variability, with 62–85% of the area affected by a significant increase in variability. Between the periods 1910–1960 and 1961–2010 across the wheat–sheep zone, annual rainfall variability significantly decreased (P < 0.01), with 70% of the area having a negative change, whereas for the high-rainfall zone, the variability did not change significantly. Monitoring ongoing trends in rainfall and pasture-growth variability is important to inform strategic grazing management. Management practices to mitigate the impacts of increased variability in pastoral regions are discussed.
13
Faye, Aliou, Ablaye Faye, Toffene Diome, and Mbacke Sembene. "Genetic diversity and structure of Callosobruchus maculatus populations in the different agro-ecological zones of Senegal." Journal of Asian Scientific Research 13, no. 1 (February 7, 2023): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.55493/5003.v13i1.4720.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this study is to determine the diversity and genetic structure of cowpea weevil populations in the different agro-ecological zones of Senegal. Thus, to achieve this objective, individuals of Callosobruchus maculatus from localities in each zone were used, after sampling and massive breeding. The sequenced gene is Cyt-B. The results showed high haplotypic diversity (0.901 ±0.00033) and low nucleotide diversity (0.010 ±0.0000003). These diversities studied by agro-ecological zone show that the Casamance zone has the greatest haplotypic diversity (0.901; P>0.05) while the eastern Senegal zone has the lowest value (0.439; P>0.05). The nucleotide diversity is lower in the Sylvo-pastoral zone (0.00112; P<0.05) and higher in the Casamance zone (0.01052; P<0.05). The genetic structuring shows that the Senegal River Valley-eastern Senegal zone couple is more differentiated [FST(Fixation index)]=0.70687; P<0.05) and the Casamance-Groundnut Basin zone couple is less differentiated (FST=0.21248; P<0.05). The greatest genetic distance was found between the Sylvo-pastoral zone and the River Valley and the smallest between the eastern Senegal zone and the River Valley. However, a significant genetic variation within the populations was noted (64.93%). Overall we have a low level of diversity and weakly structured populations except those of Tamba and Fouta. A slight influence of the zones was also noted.
14
Ping, Xiaoge, Chunwang Li, and Zhigang Jiang. "Household energy consumption patterns in agricultural zone, pastoral zone and agro-pastoral transitional zone in eastern part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau." Biomass and Bioenergy 58 (November 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.08.041.
Повний текст джерела
15
Mckeon, GM, WB Hall, SJ Crimp, SM Howden, RC Stone, and DA Jones. "Climate Change in Queensland's Grazing Lands. I. Approaches and Climatic Trends." Rangeland Journal 20, no. 2 (1998): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9980151.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Climate change is an important global issue but is yet to be recognised as such by many rangelands users. This paper reviews some of the uncertainties relating to pre-instrumental and future climate change and documents current trends and fluctuations in climate of Queensland's grazing lands. Analysis of daily climate surfaces for Queensland's pastoral/cropping zone shows high variability in annual rainfall which is influenced by the El NiHo-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. This relationship, when examined using moving windows, has changed during this century with the 1930-40s being a period of low correlation. Minimum temperatures taken from the climate surfaces also changed, showing a significant (P<0.01) increase over time especially in May. Over the 40 years since 1957, annual minimum temperatures have increased by l.0�C for the pastoral/cropping zone and coastal sub-zone, winter minimum temperatures by 1.2�C for the pastoral/cropping zone (1.3�C for the coastal sub-zone), summer minimum temperatures by 0.7�C for the pastoral/cropping zone and coastal sub-zone, and May minimum temperatures by 2.8�C for the pastoral/cropping zone (3.0�C for the coastal sub-zone). Consistent significant trends in vapour pressure (increasing, P<0.001) and solar radiation (decreasing, P<0.05) also occurred in May. The mechanisms for the identified climate trends and unusual behaviour of ENS0 are the subject of speculation with attribution of causes to natural variability or the enhanced greenhouse effect being unresolved. Continued monitoring of these trends and fluctuations will be important for the future management of Queensland's grazing lands with this analysis highlighting the need for discrimination of trends from natural variability. In terms of grazing management and degradation processes, this work also highlights that general changes in climate averages may disguise important variation at yearly and decadal time scales.
16
Kumbe, Adem. "Study on Bovine Mastitis under Different Management in Pastoral and Agro-Pastoral Areas of Borana Zone, Southern Ethiopia." Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research 5, no. 1 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000192.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bovine mastitis, associated potential risk factors and major etiological agents of clinical and sub clinical mastitis under different management condition of pastoral, agro-pastoral, ranch and farm by using California mastitis test and bacteriology. A total of 384 lactating Borana cows in Did-tuyura ranch, Yabello Pastoral and dryland agriculture research center (YPDARC) dairy farm and three districts namely Gomole, Moyale and Yabello of Borana zone were included in the study. The study revealed that overall prevalence of mastitis were 47.4 % (182/384); out of which 12 % (46/384) clinical and 35.4 % (136/384) sub-clinical mastitis whereas prevalence at quarter level was 21.48% (330/1536) of which 3% (46/1536) and 18.48% (284/1536) were clinical and sub-clinical form respectively. From the total examined quarter, 3.5% (53) of quarters had blind quarter. Prevalence in pastoral and agro-pastoral herding system (extensive management system) at cow level and quarter level were 18.9% and 10.9% respectively while prevalence in Did-tuyura ranch and YPDARC dairy farm herding system (semi-intensive) were 20% and 7% at cow level and quarter level respectively. The prevalence of mastitis significantly (P<0.05) differed with parity, stage of lactation and body condition of lactating animals. From 330 California Mastitis Test (CMT) and clinically positive milk samples there was growth of bacteria on culture media observed only in 155 (46.97%). Out of this Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 59 (38.06%) isolates followed by Streptococcus species 33 (21.29%) and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus 30 (19.35%). Due to lack of proper managements of different risk factors major pathogenic microorganisms are isolated. Proper preventive and control strategy, awareness creation on key factors of mastitis, Regular screening and culling of chronically infected cows should be practiced.
17
Niu, Xiaoyu, Yunfeng Hu, Lin Zhen, Yiming Wang, and Huimin Yan. "Analysis of the Future Evolution of Biocapacity and Landscape Characteristics in the Agro-Pastoral Zone of Northern China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (December 1, 2022): 16104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Agro-Pastoral Zone of Northern China (AZNC) is an ecologically fragile zone. It is a challenge to create scientifically sound plans for environmental conservation and agro-pastoral development due to the lack of future evolution prediction, and analysis of biocapacity (BC) and landscape characteristics. Using the Globeland30 dataset from 2000 to 2020, this study simulated 2030 land use/land cover (LULC) scenarios, and analyzed the future evolution of BC and landscape patterns. The results show that: (1) The Logistic and CA-Markov models can reasonably simulate the LULC changes in the research area, with ROC indices over 0.9 and Kappa approaching 0.805, after considering the driving factors such as physical geography, regional climate, and socio-economic development. (2) From 2000 to 2030, the spatial distribution pattern of LULC does not change significantly, and cultivated land, grassland, and forest are still the dominant land types in the research area. The regional BC exhibits an increasing trend (+4.55 × 106 gha/a), and the spatial distribution pattern of BC is similar to that of LULC. (3) Changes in land miniaturization, landscape fragmentation, and decreased aggregation can be seen in the entire AZNC and specific land categories, including cultivated land, grassland, and forest. The study provides suggestions for formulating the AZNC’s future ecological protection and agro-pastoral development strategies, and guidance for the LULC simulation in other agro-pastoral zones.
18
Cairns, SC, AR Pople, and GC Grigg. "Density distributions and habitat associations of red kangaroos, Macropus rufus, and western grey kangaroos, M. fuliginosus." Wildlife Research 18, no. 4 (1991): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9910377.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Density distributions of red and western grey kangaroos in the South Australian pastoral zone were determined for the period 1978-86. The habitat associations of these kangaroos were analysed using the densities on half-degree blocks, and information on landform and soil type, land use and degradation, vegetation, and climate. Red kangaroos were found throughout the pastoral zone, the highest densities being in the north-east. Western grey kangaroos were restricted to the southern parts of the pastoral zone. Higher densities of red kangaroos were associated with pastoral land use, with brown calcareous and red duplex soils, and with areas dominated by low bluebush shrublands. They were not particularly closely associated with areas dominated by mulga. Habitat associations of red kangaroos were different in drought years compared to non-drought years. Changes in density distribution during drought appears to have been due to the patchiness of rainfall. The relative effect of the drought was greatest in the northern part of the pastoral zone. Outside this effect, recent rainfall was found to be of only secondary importance to the overall density distribution of red kangaroos. Climatic factors appeared to be the major determinants of the density distribution of western grey kangaroos. Low evaporation and relatively high rainfall characterised areas with high densities of western grey kangaroos. As was the case with red kangaroos, habitat heterogeneity appeared to be an important requirement of western grey kangaroos. Also, habitat associations were different in drought and non-drought years. Despite this, as was the case with red kangaroos, recent rainfall was only of secondary importance to the overall distribution of western grey kangaroos.
19
MALAM MAMANE SANI, Ibrahim. "PASTORALISME ET CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE : COMPRENDRE ET ANALYSER LES FORMES DE STRATEGIES D’ADAPTATIONS DES PASTEURS DANS LA COMMUNE RURALE DE GADABEDJI DU NIGER." Kurukan Fuga 3, no. 10 (June 30, 2024): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.62197/qjpj3566.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cette recherche rentre dans le cadre du projet de Sécurité Alimentaire Renforcée par l’Elevage dans la commune rurale de Gadabedji au Niger. En effet, l’élevage constitue une des mamelles de l’économie nationale. Le changement climatique bouleverse le système pastoral au Niger. Le changement climatique varie d’une région à une autre avec des manifestations différentes. A travers cette étude, il s’agit d’analyser les formes de pastoralisme identifiées dans cette zone à forte dominance pastorale et les stratégies d’adaptation des éleveurs face aux pesanteurs opérées par le changement climatique dans la commune rurale de Gadabedji. S’inscrivant dans une démarche qualitative, l’étude associe, la recherche documentaire, les entretiens et l’observation. A l’issue de cette recherche les résultats obtenus montrent qu’il existe plusieurs de pastoralisme ainsi que les stratégies résilientes pastorales face aux effets du changement climatique. Il s’agit entre autres de l’agro-pastoralisme, le recours aux ranchs, la solidarité pastorale par le système de Habbanaé, la transformation des espèces fourragères invasives en aliments de bétail pendant les périodes de soudure, le déstockage des animaux, la réalisation des bandes pare-feu, le système d’ensilage, l’élevage des petits ruminants et la sédentarisation des pasteurs.
20
Dahurandi, Keristian. "Pelayanan Pastoral yang Efektif dan Efisien (Refleksi dari Perspektif Pelayanan Publik)." Jurnal Alternatif Wacana Ilmiah Interkultural 9, no. 1 (January 10, 2020): 75–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.60130/ja.v9i1.11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pastoral service is a shepherding activity performed in Catholic Church for obtaining eschatological salvation. The eschatological salvation begins in this world and will be completed in when we face to face meet God. To gain such a salvation, an effective and efficient pastoral service is needed. An effective pastoral service is characterized by ability of facilitating the people of God to have a real, concrete and measured salvation in the world and will be completed. An efficient pastoral service, however, is a rationality of input resource of the salvation reached in pastoral activities. The rationality of such a service is measured by valuating gained profit as a standard of effective service. To reach this end, pastoral service of the Church as an institution, at least, should improve some principles such as productivity, service quality, responsivity, responsibility, accountability, effectivity, efficiency, reallybility, trustworthy and justice. In addition, pastoral service needs a shift of paradigm to be more “listening” than “telling”, “serving” rather than “controlling” in order to avoid the “comfort zone”. This also requires management principles, among others: catalytic pastoral, ecclesiastical pastoral, competitive pastoral, mission-zeal pastoral, results-oriented pastoral, faith-oriented (Church), producing-oriented pastoral rather than spending, anticipatory pastoral; bottom up pastoral, a “market” system for pastoral competitive.
21
Pople, AR, GC Grigg, SC Cairns, P. Alexander, LA Beard, and RP Henzell. "Trends in numbers and changes in the distribution of feral goats (capra hircus) in the South Australia pastoral zone." Wildlife Research 23, no. 6 (1996): 687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9960687.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Trends in numbers and changes in the distribution of feral goats in the South Australian pastoral zone (217300 km*2) during 1978-94 were determined by winter aerial surveys. Only the presence or absence of goats on sample units was scored between 1978 and 1988. On the assumption of a random distribution of goat groups, these indices were transformed to densities of goat groups. Between 1989 and 1994 actual goat numbers were recorded on each sample unit, allowing goat density to be estimated. Goats were consistently at their highest densities in the south-east of the pastoral zone, a region dominated by open mallee scrub and chenopod shrubland. Densities of goat groups fluctuated from a low in 1984, following a drought, to a peak in 1990, following above-average rainfalls, when there were an estimated 193700 +/- 29600 goats in the pastoral zone. This estimate is conservative because it is uncorrected for the visibility bias associated with sighting groups and undercounting their sizes. The estimate also excludes the Flinders Ranges for which a similar number of goats has been estimated.
22
Tadele, Demisachew, and Jaldesa Doyo. "Assessment and Identification of water potential area for fodder production through irrigation techniques in Borana and Guji Zones, Oromia, Southern Ethiopia." Horticulture International Journal 7, no. 2 (April 24, 2023): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/hij.2023.07.00273.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The project entitled, “Assessment and identification of water potential areas in Borana and Guji zone” to assess and identify the water potential with enough catchment and suitable command area that can improve the sustainable fodder production of the land and livestock supporting the Borana and Guji Pastoral and agro pastoral System. The Borana and Guji rangelands were well-known for fodder production potential, However, this production is declined from year to year due to different factors such as; Physical factors namely; grazing pressure, human activity, bush encroachment and climate variability as well as Policy attention and good government are the others most important factors. The land use change and climate variability are the key factor for affecting pastoralists’ and agro pastoralists’ livelihoods that cause food and feed insecurity both Borana and Guji zone. Therefore, the main objectives of assessment confidential into three classes, firstly, to assess the water potential areas of Borana and Guji rangelands, secondly, to identify and classify water potential sources and their limitations both zones that thematic areas of mercy corps, Thirdly, to improve communities’ livelihoods and increasing adaptive capacity of societies to climate variability and environmental and others social negative events in study areas. The assessment was conducted two zones of Borana and Guji Zones. During the assessment four main offices were selected for interview at zonal, woreda and PA level, those offices were Irrigation office, Land use office, Pastoral Development office and Water office, these cascaded to woredas accordingly. After selected and discussed with those main offices, we had been observed two main important offices that could play a crucial role of arranging and facilitation for the assessments. We assessed twelve woredas and identified thirty nine water potential sites from Borana zone while four woredas of Guji zone were assessed and eleven sites were identified as irrigation potential. The result indicated 50 sites were identified as water potential in Both Borana and Guji Zones for fodder production through irrigation techniques. Our result showed that 78% of water potential sites were found in Borana zone, while 22% of irrigation potential sites were found in Guji zone. We identified four water potential or sources through different reservoir construction techniques such as micro earthen dams 22 sites, rivers 8 sites, ponds 15 sites and depth wells 5 sites. Our Result showed that 44% of water potential sources were MEDs, 16% were river streams, while 30% shows pond and 10 % shows depth well respectively. The total of 13272 household head can serviced from more than 6636 hectares, while 18280 household heads can be benefited from 9140 hectares from studied sites’ in Guji zone. Totally, about 31552 household head could be diversify and improve their livelihood through irrigation from 15776 hectares of land. We identified 50 sites, from the selected site 78% found in Borana zone, while 22% found in Guji zone. In Borana Zone, the micro earthen dam is the major source of water, than pond water and river water sources respectively. Finally, depth well is ranked fourth. We concluded that there are water potential sources for irrigation for forage /fodder and others purpose production in Borana and Guji Zone in studied areas. Therefore, we recommended that the different development agencies, NGOs, Government and private should involve in fodders and others production purpose through irrigation support to improve pastoralists’ and agro pastoralists’ livelihoods in Borana and Guji zone. Due to time limitation and security issues, assessment was not cover each of potential sites of Borana and Guji Zones. Further study will be recommended to cover each potential site of Borana and Guji zones.
23
Ali, Abdimawlid, Kownin Abdimahad, and Abdi Abdilahi. "Production Practices and Physiochemical Quality of Sheep Milk in Ararso District of Jarar Zone, Somali Region, Ethiopia." Journal of Agriculture, Aquaculture, and Animal Science 2, no. 1 (March 25, 2025): 82–91. https://doi.org/10.69739/jaaas.v2i1.359.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aimed to evaluate the production methods and physicochemical properties of sheep milk in the Ararso District of Jarar Zone, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia. A total of 180 households were purposively selected through a stratified sampling approach. Additionally, 60 pooled raw sheep milk samples were collected for analysis of physicochemical properties. Data collection involved questionnaires, field observations, interviews with key informants, and focus group discussions. A significant proportion of the respondents, 86.7% in pastoral systems and 64.4% in agro-pastoral systems, were illiterate. The primary reason for keeping sheep in both systems was income generation, with indices of 0.23 for pastoral and 0.24 for agro-pastoral systems. During the wet season, the main feed for sheep in both systems came from communal natural pasture (88.9%), followed by private natural pasture (22.2%). In the dry season, the primary feed sources included private natural pasture (56.7%), communal natural pasture (32.2%), and a mixture of crop residue and natural pasture (11.1%). Regarding water sources, the majority of respondents (56.1%) in both systems identified springs as the main water source during the wet season, followed by dams/ponds (32.2%) and barkas (11.7%). However, these water sources decreased during the dry season. During the dry season, barkas became the predominant water source (76.7%), followed by boreholes (17.2%) and dams/ponds (6.1%). Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed in the availability of water sources between the pastoral and agro-pastoral systems, with barkas, boreholes, and dams/ponds being the major water sources in both systems. Sheep were typically housed in open kraals, which do not offer adequate protection from harsh environmental conditions. The average pH, density, and titratable acidity of the milk samples were 6.51, 1.032 g/ml, and 0.19%, respectively. The average values for total solids, fat, protein, and lactose content were 17.48%, 5.99%, 5.24%, and 4.65%, respectively. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between the pastoral and agro-pastoral systems regarding milk quality. The study suggests that improving hygienic practices in milk production and handling could enhance the quality of sheep milk in the area. Furthermore, additional research on sheep milk quality is recommended.
24
Mwanandota, Julius Joseph, Gilbert Msuta, Daniel Mdetele, Raphael Sallu, George Paul Omondi, Augustino Chengula, Sharadhuli Kimera, Satya Parida, and Gerald Misinzo. "Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats managed under pastoral and agro-pastoral systems." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 18, no. 12 (December 30, 2024): 1867–74. https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.19704.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an infectious disease that imposes substantial economic burdens on small ruminants (SR) production. For Tanzania to develop efficient management and eradication plans, it is essential to comprehend the seroprevalence of PPR designated for global elimination by 2030. Methodology: This study investigated the prevalence of PPR in animals kept under pastoral and agropastoral communities in Tanzania. A total of 1,128 blood samples from SR were collected and analyzed for PPR-specific antibodies using the HPPR-b ELISA technique. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors Results: The overall seroprevalence was 10%. Higher seropositivity was observed in the Kiteto, Longido, and Simanjiro districts of the northern zone and the Mbarali district of the southern highlands, with the seroprevalence decreasing trend from the northern to southern zones. Multivariate logistic regression analysis for risk factors identified significant differences in seroprevalence across disease surveillance zones, with odds ratios (OR) ranging from 2 to 3. Conclusions: Agropastoral production systems exhibited lower PPR seroprevalence compared to pastoral systems. The increasing seropositivity in the Mbarali district suggests a southward spread of PPR, increasing a threat to Tanzania`s southern regions and neighboring countries. The disease`s dissemination is closely linked to livestock trading infrastructure, highlighting the need for periodic seromonitoring. Control efforts should prioritize highly affected northern zones and implement strict regulations on animal movement to protect less-affected southern areas.
25
Nidumolu, Uday, David Gobbett, Peter Hayman, Mark Howden, John Dixon, and Anton Vrieling. "Climate change shifts agropastoral-pastoral margins in Africa putting food security and livelihoods at risk." Environmental Research Letters 17, no. 9 (August 23, 2022): 095003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac87c1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Climate is one of the key factors determining the suitability of land for agricultural production and influencing the spatial transition between grazing and cropping-dominated farming systems in Africa. We identified the climate indices that best align with the margin between the Agropastoral and Pastoral Farming Systems in the historical climate (1981–2006). We then used global climate model results to assess how these agropastoral-pastoral margins are likely to shift by 2050 as a consequence of forecasted climate change. We found that the agropastoral-pastoral margin will retreat across Africa resulting in less area climatically suited for productive agropastoral practices. Depending on the climate model, climate index and projections used, the conversion of land currently suitable for agropastoral production to land suitable for pastoral production across the continent leads to a reduction of the current 4.43 M km2 of Agropastoral Farming Systems to between 1.2 M km2 and 3.6 M km2. This reduction of 27%–81% of the Agropastoral zone would threaten food security and livelihoods in those areas. While we did not assess this aspect, the retreat of the agropastoral-pastoral margin may be offset by the conversion of higher rainfall zones to suitability for agropastoral production which would expand the area suitable for the Agropastoral Farming System. Identifying the locations and vulnerability to the climatic shifts along agropastoral-pastoral margins can help policy makers and planners to define strategies for improving the long-term resilience of livelihoods to climate change.
26
BADAPMAIN MAKDOH, NIRAJ BISWAKARMA, JAYANTA LAYEK, ANUP DAS, S. HAZARIKA, SUBHASH BABU, N. TALUKDAR, et al. "Farming system approach for efficient resource management, and economic security in the degraded jhum lands of Meghalaya." Indian Journal of Agronomy 70 (March 11, 2025): 54–61. https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v70i.6280.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Shifting /jhum cultivation, is the major production system in hilly agro-ecologies of Meghalaya, leading to resource degradation, reduced crop productivity, and environmental pollution. This necessitates the implementation of a micro-watershed-based integrated farming system (IFS) with effective soil and water conservation measures. Thus, an agro-pastoral-based farming system (0.64 ha) was evaluated from 2021 to 2023, to improve system productivity, and farm income and reduce reliance on external inputs. The crop planning strategy was designed across different watershed zones: single cropping in the upper zone, double cropping in the middle, and triple cropping in the lower zone, with vertical farming to optimize land use and maximize yield. Among various enterprises, the dairy unit had the highest system production efficiency (SPE) (28.1 kg/ha/day) and system productivity (SP) (10.2 Mg/ ha), and overall, the agro-pastoral system recorded 75% and 47% greater SP than farmer practices I and II, respectively. The agro-pastoral system achieved ~85-92% greater net return, highest B:C ratio (1.67), system economic efficiency (SEE) (`414/ha/day), and employment (250 man-days) than the farmer practices. The integration of different enterprises also enhanced energy dynamics. In terms of greenhouse gas emissions, the dairy unit had the highest contribution (49%), followed by maize-green gram-toria (10%), and the least in sole turmeric (6%). Additionally, the boundary tree species contributed a carbon sink of 5,707 kg CO2eq/yr, resulting in a positive system carbon balance of 14,635 kg CO2eq/yr. Thus, the adoption of an agro-pastoral system offers a suitable alternative for achieving higher resource efficiency, and economic security in the mid-hills of Meghalaya.
27
HOLMES, JOHNH. "Policy issues concerning rural settlement in Australia's pastoral zone." Australian Geographical Studies 23, no. 1 (April 1985): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8470.1985.tb00475.x.
Повний текст джерела
28
Hamidou, ISSOUFOU, AKOURKI Adamou, SIDIKOU IDRISSA Djibo, SEYNI YANSAMBOU Mahamadou, and MOUSSA HASSAN Ousseini. "Socio-Economic and Health Analysis of Donkeys (Equus asinus) in Dakoro and Bermo in the Region of Maradi, Niger." Journal of Applied Life Sciences International 28, no. 3 (April 29, 2025): 61–73. https://doi.org/10.9734/jalsi/2025/v28i3691.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the present study was to analyze the socio-economic and health aspects of donkey breeding in the departments of Dakoro (agricultural and agro-pastoral zone) and Bermo (pastoral zone) in the Maradi region of Niger. A total of 788 heads of household were surveyed sampling using multi-stage cluster. SPSS version 20 software was used for data analysis. The results show that older farmers own more donkeys than younger ones. The pastoral zone is much more densely populated with donkeys (p<0.05), with an average per household of 12.05±8.54 and a proportion of 72% females in relation to the total number. Among the ethnic groups present in the area, the Peulh have the most donkeys (p<0.05), with an average per household of 11±8.24. Overall, donkeys are used for transporting drinking water and for water drainage. In agricultural and agro-pastoral areas, they are followed by cart traction. In pastoral areas, the donkey's role as a mount and as a gift to the bride from her family of origin is also important. The study also showed that the donkey suffers from many ailments throughout the year. Among the most prevalent are internal parasitism (25%) and colic (21%). To treat these ailments, farmers make extensive use of traditional pharmacopoeia and do the treatment themselves. This is the case for the treatment of digestive parasitosis with Cucumis prophetarum (the Haoussa name for N'yamanya), practiced by 56.7% of the breeders we met. The donkey's socio-economic role makes it a key component of the rural production sector. However, health care needs to be improved to make the most of the comparative advantages offered by donkey breeding.
29
van Etten, Eddie J. B. "Changes to land tenure and pastoral lease ownership in Western Australia’s central rangelands: implications for co-operative, landscape-scale management." Rangeland Journal 35, no. 1 (2013): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj11088.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The majority of arid and semiarid land in the Western Australian pastoral zone has a long history of livestock grazing within an extensive network of predominantly family-held pastoral leases. A variety of different groups have purchased pastoral leases in the last five decades and, for many, making a profit from pastoralism is no longer a priority. For the central rangelands of Western Australia, these groups have included: government agencies, who have purchased some 9% of pastoral leases by area; private conservation organisations (<1% purchased); aboriginal communities and groups (~7%); and mining companies (~13%). The purchases of pastoral leases by government agencies was designed to improve the conservation status of arid-zone ecosystems, and is the first step in a process of changing land tenure to a conservation reserve. This paper summarises the extent and other characteristics of these changes in land tenure and ownership of pastoral leases, and explores the implications for land management and conservation, stemming from these changes. It demonstrates that large areas of contiguous land with no or reduced domestic stocking can now be found in many parts of these rangelands, particularly in the Coolgardie, Yalgoo and Pilbara bio-regions, with some leaseholders actively managing land for the conservation of biodiversity and restoring sites degraded through past over-grazing. In some bio-regions, such land covers considerable proportions of sub-catchments, suggesting that broad-scale conservation management and restoration objectives may be realised. It is argued that to fully realise these objectives requires effective communication and co-ordination between land managers, including sharing of ideas, view-points and resources. In particular, mining companies, now major holders of pastoral leases in Western Australia, can play an important role in contributing to and even facilitating such objectives.
30
D'Amico, F., J. M. Poussinga, C. Le Masson, Alain Le Masson, and Dominique Cuisance. "Pratiques pastorales Mbororo et trypanosomoses bovines dans une zone de savanes humides de Centrafrique." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 48, no. 2 (February 1, 1995): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9473.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'étude a porté sur l'agencement de l'espace pastoral chez les éleveurs Mbororo de Centrafrique et les mouvements de leurs zébus à robe acajou. Outre le campement des éleveurs, cet espace est divisé en trois compartiments principaux : l'aire de repos, l'abreuvoir et le Pâturage sillonné de sentiers. Son utilisation repose sur une ségrégation spatiale et temporelle des déplacements des animaux. Dans le contexte particulier des savanes humides du centre de la République centrafricaine, où l'espèce riveraine Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Newst. 1910 est le vecteur principal des trypanosomoses bovines, les auteurs montrent qu'une connaissance approfondie des pratiques pastorales apporte de nouveaux éléments à la compréhension de l'épidémiologie du nagana. Ainsi, la conduite différentielle des veaux par rapport mix adultes est-elle vraisemblablement un facteur épidémiologique capital.
31
Zampaligré, Nouhoun, and Lisa Elena Fuchs. "Determinants of Adoption of Multiple Climate-Smart Adaptation Practices in Sudano-Sahelian Pastoral and Agro-Pastoral Production Systems." Sustainability 11, no. 18 (September 4, 2019): 4831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11184831.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To improve their ability to plan for and respond to potential negative impacts of climate shocks, such as droughts and dry spells, in the Sahelian agricultural production systems, many farmers have adopted diversified coping and adaptation strategies to secure their livelihoods. However, the scientific understanding of the key factors that determine the decisions that these pastoralist and agro-pastoralist households make, as well as the relation between existing human, social, natural, physical and financial assets and the adoption of adaptation practices at the household level has remained insufficient. Therefore, multivariate probit estimates were used to identify the key drivers of multiple adoption of climate-smart agro-pastoral adaptation practices in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso. The results indicated that respondent households adopted a combination of adaptation practices rather than a single practice. Most of these practices aimed at enhancing household food security and livelihoods. Regarding the variables that are related to the adoption of these adaptation practices overall, a few assets were found to contribute significantly to the decision to adopt the assessed adaption practices. These include the possession of household and farm assets and equipment, membership in associations and assistance from government, farming experience of the household head, access to credit, as well as ownership and size of farmland. In addition, access to climate and agronomic information, as well as a household’s location within a specifically dedicated pastoral zone, enhanced uptake of various adaptation practices in this study. Access to these assets and features hence plays a critical role in pastoralists’ and agro-pastoralists’ adaptive capacity. This study provides insights for policy makers in view of climate change adaptation and wider sustainable development planning in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Africa.
32
Kong, Jing, Li Qiu, Ming Ma, Juan Wang, Ming Zhang, Wen Ming Wang, Hao Su, Yong Li, Jing Kang, and Wen Chen. "Research on the Morphological Evolution of Sanye House Village Located in Farming-Pastoral Zone of Eastern Inner Mongolia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.64.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
San ye House Village are located in Farming-pastoral zone of eastern Inner Mongolia after a hundred years of development history, from mainly nomadic settlements into agricultural and pastoral settlements. The evolution of the settlements' pattern experienced a total of three stages. With the combination of different periods of settlement pattern analysis, the characteristics of San ye House village settlement pattern development is studied and the reasons for its formation and evolution process are presented.
33
Girma, Mekete, Fikre Nahom, and Demerew Getaneh. "Evaluation and Demonstration of Dual-purpose “Koekoek Potchefstroom” Chickens in Pastoral areas of Hammer woreda, South Omo Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia." International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology 12, no. 2 (January 24, 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v12i2.63932.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this study was to evaluate and demonstrate the production performance of “Koekoek Potchefstroom” chickens in pastoral areas of Hammer woreda. Twenty women pastorals from rural areas were purposely selected based on their interest to construct chicken shelters or who had house access, interest to rear exotic chickens, well-managing ability and up-come all related challenges, enough time for chickens, cover the required inputs costs and ability to recording production data. Training on poultry housing construction, poultry health, feeds and feeding, watering and important data recording system were given. Quantitative data like body weight, egg weight and first egg laying date were taken. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (v-21). Results revealed that the mortality of chicks from 45 to 60 days was 5%. The overall mortality from 60 days to 90 days was 8.75%. About 83.5% of the chicken survived until the laying age. The overall mean body weights were 0.96, 1.91, 2.14 and 2.12 kg at 3, 5, 7 and 9th month’s age, respectively. Body weight at different ages was significantly different between the sexes. The average weight of eggs at 24, 28, 34 and 38 weeks of age were 47.3±0.9, 47.3±1.1, and 48.2±0.9 and 46.9±1.3 g, respectively. Age at first egg laying was recorded as 167.4 days. The major causes of death were diseases (Coccidiosis) and poor management practices like lack of follow-up, letting them go out of their home and allowing them to scavenge and poor nutrition. In a conclusion, this breed has been familiarized with scavenging and partial-scavenging production areas of the existing pastoral system with appropriate housing, feeding and good health service provision. Verification in large-scale pastoral areas with different breeds should also be seen to look at its full potential as compared to agrarian areas. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(2): 1-6, December 2022
34
Mudrak, O., and T. Morozova. "Ecological monitoring of iodine in pastoral ecosystems." Agroecological journal, no. 2 (May 24, 2024): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2077-4893.2.2024.305658.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The problem of iodine deficiency is relevant in many countries, including Ukraine, and has serious health consequences due to the insufficient iodine content in food. In order to overcome iodine deficiency, it is important to be based on monitoring the iodine content in food and water in the relevant area. An excessive increase in iodine in salt can cause hyperthyroidism. Monitoring iodine-deficient areas in rural areas becomes especially important, as plants grown on soils with low iodine content may contain insufficient amounts of this element, which can lead to severe iodine deficiency among the population. Iodine is also important for animal health and can improve animal performance. Some plants accumulate iodine from the soil, which can improve their resistance to diseases and negative factors, and the interaction of iodine with other chemical elements is also important. The article summarizes scientific data on the peculiarities of the iodine cycle in the soil-plant-animal chain in pastoral ecosystems, develops recommendations for assessing and overcoming iodine deficiency in ecosystems of this type. The iodine content was determined by a method based on the oxidation of iodide to iodine with the subsequent addition of NH2CONH2 to destroy excess nitrite. The subject of the study were soils., plants of pastoral ecosystems and milk. In the mountainous zone of pastoral ecosystems, a significant iodine deficiency in soils was detected, due to the iodine-deficient nature of the territory. A similar, but less pronounced deficit is observed in the foothills and plains of Northern Bukovina. The iodine content in the green mass of plants does not have general patterns and is not confined to natural zones. The lowest iodine content was found in Plantago major L. Iodine deficiency in milk is more pronounced and decreases from the plain to the mountainous zone. A close correlation was established between the iodine content in the soil and the density of livestock, as well as the indicators of pasture digression. A high correlation between the iodine content in milk and its content in plants was found. Crops adapted to iodine deficiency conditions cannot withstand the effects of recommended iodine concentrations, which can adversely affect yields. However, lower iodine concentrations can stimulate seed germination.
35
Aliyo, Alqeer, Wako Golicha, and Anteneh Fikrie. "Pastoral Community Malaria Prevention Practice and Associated Factors Among Households in Three Districts of the Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia." Health Services Research and Managerial Epidemiology 10 (January 2023): 233339282211445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23333928221144555.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Malaria infection remains one of the major global and national public health threats, affecting millions of people yearly by causing substantial morbidity and mortality. In developing countries, higher proportions of poor malaria prevention and control measure both regionally and nationally, particularly in pastoral community areas of southern Ethiopia. Objective The study aimed to assess malaria preventive practices and associated factors among households of pastoral communities in Borena zone, Oromia regional state, Southern Ethiopia, 2022. Methodology A community-based cross-sectional study design was used from March first to 30, 2022, among 421 selected simple random sampling households in pastoral communities of the Borena zone. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with a structured pretested questionnaire and visual observation for household malaria prevention practices. Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with malaria preventive practices. Finally, adjusted odd ratio (AOR) together with 95% confidence intervals was used, and a P value of less than 0.05 indicated an overall statistical association. Result The overall malaria prevention rate among pastoral community households was 31.6%(133) [95%; CI = 27.2–36.4]. The factors significantly associated with malaria prevention practice were malaria prevention knowledge [AOR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1–2.5] and the absence of plasmodium parasites among children [AOR = 4.3, 95% CI = 2.8–8.7]. However, households staying outdoors at night [AOR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3–1.0] were negatively associated with household malaria prevention. A total of 200 (47.5%) households had used insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITN) and 5(1.2%) households had indoor residual sprays (IRS). Conclusion The study revealed lower malaria prevention practices among households of the pastoral community. The government and other concerned bodies should contribute to malaria prevention measures in pastoral remote areas. Health extension workers should have to create awareness in the communities to avoid incorrect use of the ITN.
36
Ismail, Abdimawlid Ali, Tedele Amentie, Fosiya Hussein Abdi, and Abdi Abdilahi Ahmed. "Hygienic Production Practices and Microbiological Quality of Sheep Milk in Ararso District of Jarar Zone, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia." International Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science 1, no. 1 (November 2, 2024): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ijvmas.v1i1.3562.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study was conducted to evaluate the hygienic production practices and microbiological quality of sheep milk in Ararso district of Jarar Zone, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia. A stratified sampling strategy was used to choose 180 households specifically for this investigation. A total of 60 pooled raw sheep milk samples (each containing 200 mL) were collected from the udders and milk handling equipment of selected milk producers in the research area. The samples were examined to determine microbiological quality. The data were gathered via a questionnaire, field observation, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. The vast majority of respondents in pastoral (86.7%) and agro-pastoral (64.4%) production systems were illiterate. The majority of respondents (70.6%) in the research area cleaned the sheep home (kraal) once every two days. The majority (98.3%) of respondents in the research area milk their sheep in open kraals with no roof or walls. As a consequence, 36.7% of pastoral and agro-pastoral respondents (81.1%) reported cleaning milk vessels on a regular basis. Almost all of the responders in the research area used plastic equipment for milking and handling. The majority of responders in pastoral and agro-pastoralist categories placed barn hygiene first, with indexes of 0.24 and 0.23, respectively. The average total bacterial count (TBC), coiform count (CC) and yeast and mould count (YMC) of raw sheep milk samples were 5.13±0.21, 2.89±0.27, and 0.77±0.21 log10 cfu/mL, respectively. Raw sheep milk samples taken from producers’ milk handling equipment had a substantially higher mean total bacterial count (5.78±0.32 log10 cfu/mL) compared to samples collected from the udder (4.48±0.23 log10 cfu/mL). Milk samples from pastoral and agro-pastoral households had an average coliform count of 3.18 and 2.60 log10 cfu/mL, respectively. The average YMC in milk samples from pastoralists and agro-pastoralists were 0.74 and 0.80 log10 cfu/mL, respectively. In general, pastoralists and agro-pastoralists in the district do not practice hygienic milking and handling. Consequently, the implementation of hygienic milk production and handling practices is essential to enhance the safety and quality of sheep milk in the study area. Additionally, further research should be undertaken to investigate the microbiological aspects and assess the safety and quality parameters of sheep milk in greater detail.
37
Storey, Richard G., D. Dudley Williams, and Roberta R. Fulthorpe. "Nitrogen processing in the hyporheic zone of a pastoral stream." Biogeochemistry 69, no. 3 (July 2004): 285–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:biog.0000031049.95805.ec.
Повний текст джерела
38
Han, Baohua, Liyang Cui, Mengting Jin, and Hegan Dong. "Ecological Adaptation Strategies of Desert Plants in the Farming–Pastoral Zone of Northern Tarim Basin." Sustainability 17, no. 7 (March 25, 2025): 2899. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17072899.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Plant functional traits are indicative of the long-term responses and adaptations of plants to their environment. However, the specific mechanisms by which desert plant functional groups (PFGs) adjust their ecological adaptation strategies to cope with harsh environments remain unclear, particularly in ecologically fragile farming–pastoral zones. To address this gap, this study investigates and analyzes the morphological and chemical characteristics of 13 desert plant species in the farming–pastoral zone of the northern Tarim Basin. Through cluster analysis, these desert plants were categorized into distinct PFGs to elucidate their ecological response strategies at a higher organizational level. The results were as follows: (1) Based on plant functional traits, the 13 desert plant species were classified into acquisitive, medium, and conservative PFGs. These groups exhibited significant differences in chemical element content and proportion, as well as morphological adjustments (p < 0.05). (2) The acquisitive functional group maintained high resource acquisition and turnover through high specific leaf area and leaf phosphorus content; the medium functional group occupied limited resources through greater plant height and canopy width, whereas the conservative functional group exhibited low growth rates but high morphological investment to ensure survival. Moreover, these differences in ecological adaptation strategies led to the selection of divergent central traits by different PFGs. (3) Low soil nutrient availability and soil salinization, rather than groundwater depth, were identified as the primary environmental factors driving the differentiation of PFGs in the farming–pastoral zone. These findings suggest that desert plants in arid regions employ diverse ecological adaptation strategies to cope with environmental pressures. This research study provides valuable insights and recommendations for the conservation and restoration of desert plant communities.
39
Berhanu, Tekleyohannes, Girma Abebe, Jameroen Thingtham, Sayan Tusdri, and Somkiert Prasanpanich. "AVAILABILITY OF FEED RESOURCES FOR GOATS IN PASTORAL AND AGRO-PASTORAL DISTRICTS OF SOUTH OMO ZONE, ETHIOPIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 3 (March 31, 2017): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i3.2017.1762.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A survey was conducted in Hamer and Bena-Tsemay pastoral and agro-pastoral districts of South Omo zone, south western Ethiopia in between January to May 2011 with the objective to describe availability of feed resource for goats. Data were collected from the two districts by informal and formal survey methods using focused group discussion and semi-structured questionnaire administered to 250 households. Natural pastures from rangelands are major feed sources for goats. Higher feed availability is reported in March to April (during the main rainy season). However, availability of feed extends up to October in Bena-Tsemay district due to the higher rainfall in the district. In both districts, the hot dry season (November to February) is the period of feed scarcity and during which high mortality of goats have been reported. Crop residues and some food left over are also available for supplementing animals especially in the agro-pastoral areas. The efficiency of goat production in the studied districts could be increased by optimizing goats breeding season with the availability of feed resources.
40
Abebe Abera, Eticha, and Ahmed Endris Mossa. "The food insecurity status of pastoral and agro-pastoral households in Ethiopia." Holistic approach to environment 10, no. 4 (September 14, 2020): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33765/thate.10.4.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Understanding the major causes of food insecurity is important for interventions aiming at minimizing food insecurity. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the status of food insecurity of pastoral and agro-pastoral households of Seba Boru Woreda Guji Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia. In order to achieve these objectives, 112 respondents’ agro pastoralists were selected from 2 kebeles (the smallest administrative unit). To this end, both probabilities (stratified, systematic and random) and non-probability (purposive) sampling techniques were employed. Primary and secondary data were collected from various sources. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics like mean standard deviation, percentage and frequency distributions. Univariate analysis such as t-test and chi-square (χ2) were also used to describe the characteristics of food secured and food insecure groups. The survey result shows that about 60 (53.7 %) of sample respondents were food insecure while only 52 (46.3 %) were food secure. As per a binary logistic model regression, four variables such as family size, land, income, and extension service were significant at 10 % probability levels. Finally, limiting population size through integrated health and education service, intensification of agriculture through extension service by strengthening PTC (pastoral training center), are some to recommend to curb food insecurity in the area
41
Dai, Luwei, Haiping Tang, Yunlong Pan, and Dalin Liang. "Enhancing Ecosystem Services in the Agro-Pastoral Transitional Zone Based on Local Sustainable Management: Insights from Duolun County in Northern China." Land 11, no. 6 (May 28, 2022): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11060805.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ecosystem and associated ecosystem services (ESs) in the agro-pastoral transitional zone of northern China (APTZNC) are sensitive to climate change and human activities. Essential to designing targeted policy interventions toward achieving sustainability in the APTZNC is a comprehensive understanding of the spatiotemporal changes in ESs and their drivers. This study identified the spatiotemporal changes in six ESs in Duolun County from 2000 to 2017. The impacts of drivers—temperature, precipitation, wind speed, vegetation cover (FVC), land use/cover (LULC), soil type, altitude, and slope—on the changes in the ESs in the county and its ecological production zones were then explored. The results indicated that the six ESs improved during the study period. The drivers influencing changes in ESs over time exhibited similarities across regions. Although FVC contributed to improvements in the food supply, grass production, carbon sequestration, and soil wind erosion (SLwind), it also reduced water yield, which may exacerbate the water shortage in arid and semi-arid areas. In regions where the ecology was in the recovery phase, especially in slope farmland, the inhibition of soil water erosion (SLwater) by FVC was easily offset by the higher SLwater potential from increased precipitation. The decrease in wind speed improved the regional ESs, whereas the increase in temperature posed a threat to SLwind. The drivers affecting the spatial patterns of ESs varied among zones. Across the three zones, the greater influential drivers of ESs were FVC and LULC. The impacts of topographic drivers and soil type on the distribution of ESs should also be noted in the agro-zone and agro-pastoral zone, respectively. Our study advocated that ES management should be adjusted to local conditions, and differentiated planning policies should be implemented in line with the ecological characteristics in the APTZNC, which will contribute to regional ecological sustainable development.
42
Mohamed, Mohamoud, Yoseph Legesse, and Kawnin Abdimahad. "Handling, Processing and Composition of Cow Milk Under Two Traditional Farming Systems in Kebribeyah District of Fafan Zone, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia." American Journal of Aquaculture and Animal Science 2, no. 1 (January 18, 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajaas.v2i1.1024.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to assess handling, processing & chemical composition of cow milk in Kebribeyah district. The study had a survey and laboratory works. For the survey study, two production systems namely pastoral and agro-pastoral were considered. From each production system, two kebeles were selected purposively based on accessibility and potential of cow milk production. One hundred twenty households were randomly selected from purposively selected kebeles. For the laboratory part, forty samples of cow milk were analysed for chemical composition. The overall average lactation length and daily milk off-take of cow in this study were 256 days and 2.06 litres, respectively. None of the respondents washed the udder of the cow and only 6.7% of the pastoralists and 20% agro-pastoralists wash their hands before milking. Milk handling equipment were mainly plastic materials. Acacia ethaica, B. minimifolia, Blanites galabra and Solanum carense were the most commonly used smoking plant species in the area. The majority of the respondents (85.8%) produced traditional butter (Subag) and few households (10%) produced sour milk (Ciir), while very few (4.2%) households produced traditional cheese (Burcad). However, milk processing in the area is limited to wet season; when there is abundance of fodder. The average values of total solids, fat, protein, lactose and ash were 13.19%, 4.67%, 3.45%, 5.18% and 0.72%, respectively. However, significance differences (P<0.05) were found between pastoral and ago-pastoral production systems in terms of total solids, fat, and protein. The chemical properties of milk samples obtained from pastoral and agro-pastoral areas were within the acceptable standard levels settled by different scholars. In general, milk producers should also be supported with strong extension service by way of introducing improved dairy technologies, improved milk handling and processing equipments. Furthermore, there is a need for further investigations on composition with various farming systems.
43
Cairns, S. C., G. C. Grigg, L. A. Beard, A. R. Pople, and P. Alexander. "Western grey kangaroos, Macropus fuliginosus, in the South Australian pastoral zone: populations at the edge of their range." Wildlife Research 27, no. 3 (2000): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr98005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As part of a large-scale monitoring program linked to the management of kangaroos in the South Australian pastoral zone, the western grey kangaroo populations have been surveyed annually with fixed-wing aircraft over the 15-years-period 1978–92. Western grey kangaroos are restricted in their distribution to the southern regions of the pastoral zone. During the period of the study, western grey kangaroo numbers showed no long-term trends, but did show some marked fluctuations, principally in association with a severe drought. Despite this, and unlike red kangaroos in the South Australian pastoral zone, no consistent, direct association between changes in western grey kangaroo numbers and antecedent rainfall could be demonstrated. The postulated reason for this is that most of the regional western grey kangaroo populations examined in this study were low-density populations at the edge of the range of this species. Outside of drought, these populations are likely to be limited by factors other than food, such as climate and unmodified resources in the form of suitable habitat. Also, because boundary populations may well only be maintained by constant loss and recolonisation, local extinctions associated with drought may result in extended delays in the re-establishment of populations in marginal areas. Over the period 1978–92, these populations were harvested commercially at annual rates of 5–25%, which were, on the whole, considered to be below the rates suggested to be maximum and sustainable.
44
Nantongo, Ziwena, Morris Agaba, Gabriel Shirima, Swidiq Mugerwa, Stephen Opiyo, Raphael Mrode, Josephine Birungi, and Linus Munishi. "Variability in body weight and morphology of Uganda’s indigenous goat breeds across agroecological zones." PLOS ONE 19, no. 1 (January 2, 2024): e0296353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296353.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Indigenous goat breeds in Uganda are classified based on average body size parameters and coat color. However, variations in the body size of animals may be influenced by several factors, including management and the environment. To understand the effect of the agroecological zone on the physical characteristics and live weight of Uganda’s indigenous goats, this study evaluated the body size characteristics of the three indigenous goat breeds of Uganda across ten agroecological zones. The cross-sectional survey was conducted in 323 households from the ten zones, where 1020 goats composed of three breeds (Mubende, Kigezi, and Small East African) were sampled and measured for body weight, linear body size, and age. We confirmed that Mubende and Kigezi goats from the original homeland had a higher mean body weight than reported in FAO reports. In addition, Mubende appeared to perform better in pastoral rangelands, with a higher mean body weight (38.1 kg) and body size being significantly higher (P < 0.0001) compared to other zones. The mean body weight for the Kigezi breed in the original homeland (34 kg) was comparable to those from Western Savannah grasslands and pastoral rangelands and less than that initially reported by FAO (30 kg). Similarly, there was no significant difference in the linear body size characteristics of Kigezi goats in the home zone of highland ranges relative to those found in other agroecological zones (P > 0.05). Although the Small East African goats were originally found in Northwestern Savannah grassland and Northeastern dryland zones, they performed poorly regarding mean body weight and body size characteristics in the former zone. In the Northwestern Savannah grasslands, the mean body weight (23.8 kg) was even less than that reported by FAO, which ranged between 25 and 30 kg. Finally, we confirmed that Mubende and Kigezi goats are significantly heavier than small East African goats (p ≤ 0.0001). The results of this study can be useful in designing precise management strategies to improve indigenous goat productivity in different environments in Uganda.
45
Wylie, Bruce K., Issa Denda, Rex D. Pieper, John A. Harrington, Bradley C. Reed, and G. Morris Southward. "Satellite-Based Herbaceous Biomass Estimates in the Pastoral Zone of Niger." Journal of Range Management 48, no. 2 (March 1995): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4002804.
Повний текст джерела
46
Holmes, J. H. "Private disinvestment and public investment in Australia's pastoral zone: Policy issues." Geoforum 19, no. 3 (January 1988): 307–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-7185(88)80037-x.
Повний текст джерела
47
Omolo, Nancy, Paramu Mafongoya, and Oscar Ngesa. "Gender and Resilience to Climate Variability in Pastoralists Livelihoods System: Two Case Studies in Kenya." Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 2 (March 30, 2017): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v10n2p218.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recurrent droughts due to climate change has led to vulnerability of the pastoralist communities, leading to loss of assets and food insecurity. Climate change will have different impacts on women and men’s livelihoods. Building resilience at individual, household and community level will largely depend on the suitability of interventions to the local context, particularly in relation to the social dynamics and power relations that create differences in vulnerability. Most of the research have focused on national and regional studies. The impact of climate change will not be uniformly distributed in countries within Africa or within the same country. This specific research focuses on two diverse ecological zones at the local level in the same County of Turkana in north western Kenya: agro-pastoral zone and primary pastoral zone. This paper aims to evaluate women and men’s adaptive capacity to climate variability in Turkana, north-western Kenya. It is evident that increasing resilience can be realised by reducing vulnerabilities and increasing adaptive capacity. The results revealed that agro-pastoralists are more resilient to climate change than primary pastoralists. Male headed household are more resilient than female headed households. Access to basic services is contributing more in the resilience score than assets, gender of house hold head and age. Generally, few families in this region have very high resilience score.
48
Gado, Byll O. Kperou, Ismaïla Toko Imorou, Ousséni Arouna, and Madjidou Oumorou. "Caractérisation des parcours de transhumance à la périphérie de la réserve de biosphère transfrontalière du W au Bénin." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 333–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i2.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La caractérisation des parcours naturels est un enjeu majeur pour protéger ces derniers et maintenir la productivité des systèmes d’élevage pastoraux. Cette recherche a été réalisée à la périphérie de la réserve de biosphère transfrontalière du W du Bénin. Le but est de mieux connaître les écosystèmes pâturés autour de la réserve et d’analyser la perception des éleveurs transhumants sur ces pâturages. Les approches phytosociologique et socio-économique ont été utilisées. Au total 225 personnes ont été interrogées. Les résultats ont révélé 132 espèces végétales réparties en 93 genres et 41 familles sur des pâturages à Spermacoce radiata et Anogeissus leiocarpa, Kyllinga squamulata et Diospyros mespiliformis, Alysicarpus glumaceus et Detarium microcarpum, Paspalum scrobiculatum et Prosopis africana. Le choix de cette zone par les transhumants nationaux et sahéliens est lié à la bonne valeur pastorale (52,79% dans les pâturages à Paspalum crobiculatum et Prosopis africana), la richesse en essences fourragères riches en énergie (Poaceae) et en protéines (Leguminosae et Rubiaceae). La zone est soumise à de fortes pressions anthropiques qui engendrent des difficultés d’alimentation du bétail. Les éleveurs utilisent ainsi leurs savoirs sur les ressources fourragères pour s’adapter. Ils connaissent bien celles qui sont les plus appétées par les animaux et celles devenues rares ou en voie de disparition. Mots clés : Phytosociologie, perception, valeur pastorale, embroussaillement.
English Title:Characterization of the transhumance route at the periphery of the transboundary biosphere reserve in W Benin
The characterization of natural rangelands is a major challenge to protect them and maintain the productivity of pastoral livestock systems. This research was carried out on the outskirts of the W B. transboundary biosphere reserve in Benin. The aim was to have a better understanding of the grazed ecosystems around the reserve and to analyze the perception of transhumant pastoralists on these pastures. Phytosociological and socio-economic approaches were used. A total of 225 people were interviewed. The results revealed 132 plants species divided into 93 genera and 41 families on pastures with Spermacoce radiata and Anogeissus leiocarpa, Kyllinga squamulata and Diospyros mespiliformis, Alysicarpus glumaceus and Detarium microcarpum, Paspalum scrobiculatum and Prosopis africana. The choice of this area by national and Sahelian transhumants is linked to the good pastoral value (52.79% in pastures with Paspalum scrobiculatum and Prosopis africana), the richness in fodder species rich in energy (Poaceae) and proteins (Leguminosae and Rubiaceae). The area is subject to strong anthropogenic pressures which cause difficulties in feeding livestock. Breeders use their knowledge of fodder resources to adapt. They are familiar with those that are the most palatable by animals and those that have become rare or endangered.
Keywords: Phytosociology, perception, pastoral value, encroachment.
49
Zhu, Yong-hua, Sheng Zhang, Biao Sun, Xiao-kang Xi, Yu Liu, and Xiao-hong Shi. "Spatial variability of soil organic carbon in the West Liao River Basin." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 64, no. 1-4 (November 10, 2018): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22244662-20181020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Quantification of the pattern and spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential to comprehending many eco-hydrological processes. To obtain a better understanding of the spatial variability of SOC in a typical farming-pastoral zone, 270 soil samples were collected at 45 sampling sites from every 20 cm soil layer. Semi-variance function theory and ordinary Kriging interpolation were applied to identify the spatial variability of SOC. The results showed that SOC in the area was relatively low and decreased with depth and from the basin edge to the centre with a measured mean content of 0.07–0.65 g/kg. The strongest variability in the zone in the top soil layer (0–40 cm) was in the centre part of the zone, which was supposed to be the most concentrated area of human activities in the zone. As soil depth increase, the degree of variation of SOC decreased. Gaussian, exponential, and spherical models were suggested to successfully simulate SOC in different soil depth zones. The spatial distribution of SOC showed strong variability in the same soil depth zone, with a nugget to sill ratio of less than 14% and a range of 30–160 km.
50
Cuisance, Dominique, D. Demba, B. Vallat, A. Kota Guinza, F. D'Amico, and F. Ndokoué. "Répartition des glossines dans la zone d'action agropastorale de Yérémo en République centrafricaine." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 47, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9135.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sous l’effet de divers facteurs, le cheptel zébu Mbororo de la RCA s’est considérablement accru durant ces dernières années (2 200 000 têtes) du fait des potentialités pastorales offertes. En vue d’une meilleure gestion de cet espace, des zones d’activité agropastorale ont été créées (ZAGROP). En contrepartie du disponible fourrager, cet élevage en zone humide doit affronter des contraintes pathologiquesaccrues, dominées notamment par les trypanosomoses. Pour éviter que l’usage massif actuel des trypanocides par les éleveurs n’aboutisse à une impasse, l’Agence Nationale de Développement de 1’Elevage(ANDE) a demandé d’identifier des méthodes de lutte contre les glossines. Dans l’une de ces ZAGROP (60 000 ha), la première étape a consisté à établir une carte précise de la distribution des espèces vectrices grâce à un piégeage systématique (piège biconique). Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (10 805 glossines capturées) occupe la totalité du réseau hydrographique avec des densités faibles à moyennes (3 glossines par piège et par jour). Glossina fusca eongolensis est rare (7 individus capturées) et Glossina morsitans submorsitans, autrefois présente, semble avoir disparu. Les éléments sur l’abondance, la diversité et la distribution des espèces sont discutés. Ils servent de base au choix d’une méthode de lutte par piégeage actuellement mise en oeuvre dans ce milieu pastoral.