Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Peach instrumentation systems"

Abstract. The PEACH project (Projet en Electricité Atmosphérique pour la Campagne HyMeX – the Atmospheric Electricity Project of the HyMeX Program) is the atmospheric electricity component of the Hydrology cycle in the Mediterranean Experiment (HyMeX) experiment and is dedicated to the observation of both lightning activity and electrical state of continental and maritime thunderstorms in the area of the Mediterranean Sea. During the HyMeX SOP1 (Special Observation Period) from 5 September to 6 November 2012, four European operational lightning locating systems (ATDnet, EUCLID, LINET, ZEUS) and the HyMeX lightning mapping array network (HyLMA) were used to locate and characterize the lightning activity over the northwestern Mediterranean at flash, storm and regional scales. Additional research instruments like slow antennas, video cameras, microbarometer and microphone arrays were also operated. All these observations in conjunction with operational/research ground-based and airborne radars, rain gauges and in situ microphysical records are aimed at characterizing and understanding electrically active and highly precipitating events over southeastern France that often lead to severe flash floods. Simulations performed with cloud resolving models like Meso-NH and Weather Research and Forecasting are used to interpret the results and to investigate further the links between dynamics, microphysics, electrification and lightning occurrence. Herein we present an overview of the PEACH project and its different instruments. Examples are discussed to illustrate the comprehensive and unique lightning data set, from radio frequency to acoustics, collected during the SOP1 for lightning phenomenology understanding, instrumentation validation, storm characterization and modeling.

Biochar offers several benefits as a soil amendment, including increased soil fertility, carbon sequestration, and water-holding capacity in nutrient-poor soils. In this study, soil samples with and without biochar additives were collected for two consecutive years from an experimental field plot to examine its effect on the microbial community structure and functions in sandy soils under peach-trees (Prunus persica). The four treatments evaluated consisted of two different rates of biochar incorporated into the soil (5%, and 10%, v/v), one “dynamic” surface application of biochar, and a 0% biochar control. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis was used to assess the microbial community structure, and enzyme activities involved in C, N, P, and S nutrient cycling were used as a means of assessing soil functionality. Total FAME and bacterial indicators increased by 18% and 12%, respectively, in the 10% incorporated and 5% surface applied treatments. Biochar applications increased β-glucosaminidase and arylsulfatase activities, 5–30% and 12–46%, respectively. β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase activities decreased by approximately 18–35% and 5–22% in the 0–15 cm soils. The overall results suggest that biochar’s addition to the sandy soils stimulated microbial activity, contributing to the increased mean weight diameter (MWD), C sequestration, and consequential soil health. The changes in microbial community structure and functions may be useful predictors of modifications in soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics due to the long-term application of pine biochar in these systems.

A set of global objectives for equitable and sustainable health at every scale, from the global biosphere to the local community, are known as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The goal is to eradicate poverty, save the environment, and guarantee that everyone lives in peace and prosperity both now and in the future. Minerals are necessary for human health and are used in almost every economic sector. Minerals are essential for the general running of the world; one cannot imagine the world without minerals and mining is solely liable for 4 to 7 per cent of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Mining activities can also contribute to longterm development, especially in economics. It can help a country generate cash, fuel economic growth, create jobs, and contribute to infrastructure development. As a result, Mining has positive and negative implications for the SDGs, with 11 of the 17 SDGs having exceptionally high impacts. This paper reviews the Conventions, Protocols, and Agreements and importance of Sustainable Mining in achieving SDGs.

Purpose: Instrumentation systems are increasingly used in rowing to measure training intensity and performance but have not been validated for measures of power. In this study, the concurrent validity of Peach PowerLine (six units), Nielsen-Kellerman EmPower (five units), Weba OarPowerMeter (three units), Concept2 model D ergometer (one unit), and a custom-built reference instrumentation system (Reference System; one unit) were investigated.Methods: Eight female and seven male rowers [age, 21 ± 2.5 years; rowing experience, 7.1 ± 2.6 years, mean ± standard deviation (SD)] performed a 30-s maximal test and a 7 × 4-min incremental test once per week for 5 weeks. Power per stroke was extracted concurrently from the Reference System (via chain force and velocity), the Concept2 itself, Weba (oar shaft-based), and either Peach or EmPower (oarlock-based). Differences from the Reference System in the mean (representing potential error) and the stroke-to-stroke variability (represented by its SD) of power per stroke for each stage and device, and between-unit differences, were estimated using general linear mixed modeling and interpreted using rejection of non-substantial and substantial hypotheses.Results: Potential error in mean power was decisively substantial for all devices (Concept2, –11 to –15%; Peach, −7.9 to −17%; EmPower, −32 to −48%; and Weba, −7.9 to −16%). Between-unit differences (as SD) in mean power lacked statistical precision but were substantial and consistent across stages (Peach, ∼5%; EmPower, ∼7%; and Weba, ∼2%). Most differences from the Reference System in stroke-to-stroke variability of power were possibly or likely trivial or small for Peach (−3.0 to −16%), and likely or decisively substantial for EmPower (9.7–57%), and mostly decisively substantial for Weba (61–139%) and the Concept2 (−28 to 177%).Conclusion: Potential negative error in mean power was evident for all devices and units, particularly EmPower. Stroke-to-stroke variation in power showed a lack of measurement sensitivity (apparent smoothing) that was minor for Peach but larger for the Concept2, whereas EmPower and Weba added random error. Peach is therefore recommended for measurement of mean and stroke power.

Ethnography is a study of languages, systems of technology, economic, social organisations, knowledge, arts, and religion. Ethnographic features are essential to be preserved for peace, a stable way of life and conserving resources and the environment. The study of ethnography in society is necessary to maintain the tradition's legacy so that future generations can practice their ancestral heritage. Recently, the needs of GIS in the ethnographic mapping field are increasing as it has its effectiveness in this field. This study was carried out to map the locations related to the ethnography of Kadazan Dusun community in Sabah, Malaysia, in spatial form using GIS application. The research data was then analysed using migration density flow map with XY To Line technique, and then density pattern was conducted using an overlay technique. The findings of this study are expected to provide exposure to the community, especially the Kadazan Dusun regarding the dissemination of ethnographic features and areas with a high ethnographic density among the Kadazan Dusun community in Tambunan. Hence it will be used as a guide to the relevant parties to perform activities of preserving the traditional heritage of the Kadazan Dusun community in Tambunan.

The objectives of this thesis were to establish the validity of commercially available rowing instrumentation systems for the measurement of oar angles and power to inform the interpretation of these measures, extend knowledge regarding the prediction of on-water rowing race performance and the contribution of measures of rowing technique and boat acceleration to rowing performance. From a practical perspective, this thesis aims to enable coaches and sport scientists to identify specific areas where performance improvements can be attained in the athletes they work with. Studies One and Two established the concurrent validity of rowing instrumentation systems for measures of oar and power, respectively. Concurrent validity was acceptable for Peach systems for oar angle (trivial to small but unclear systematic bias, and trivial to small random errors) and power per stroke (possibly or likely trivial random errors of -3.0 to -16%). EmPower systems did not have acceptable validity for oar angle (trivial to small but unclear systematic bias, and moderate to extremely large random errors) or power per stroke (likely or decisively substantial random errors of 9.7 to 57%). Only power was assessed in Weba and Concept2 systems as catch and finish oar angles are not measured by these devices. The random error associated with power per stroke was 61 to 139% for Weba and -28 to 177%) for the Concept2. Systematic bias in mean power was negative for all devices (Concept2, -11 to -15%; Peach, -7.9 to -17%; EmPower, -32 to -48%; Weba, -7.9 to -16%). Study Three investigated the contributions of power, stroke rate, headwind, technical efficiency, race conditions, and stroke-velocity variability in 45 rowing race performances. The unexplained prediction error was 0.35 to 0.55% across the four boat classes assessed. Effects on race velocity were extremely large for mean race power, small to large for mean stroke rate in singles, large to extremely large for headwind, trivial to extremely large but unclear for technical efficiency, very large or extremely in singles for race conditions, and small to trivial but mostly unclear for stroke-velocity variability. Specific measures of rowing technique from the Peach system were investigated in Study Four by evaluating their individual relationships with rowing velocity. Substantial relationships with velocity were found between most variables before adjustment for power and stroke rate, but effect magnitudes were reduced after adjustment for power and stroke rate. The greatest modifying effects were found for stroke rate, mean and peak force, and power output before adjustment, and for catch angle after adjustment for stroke rate and power. Study Five explored relationships between boat acceleration profile and rowing performance. Several measures of acceleration magnitude and jerk had substantial effects before adjustment but were reduced in size after adjustment for stroke rate and power. Substantial effects were found for maximum negative drive and peak drive acceleration magnitudes, and jerk in the early-to-mid drive and late recovery phases after adjustment for stroke rate and power. The findings of this thesis show Peach instrumentation systems have adequate reliability for stroke-to-stroke assessment of oar angles and power output. Race performance can be predicted from power, stroke rate and technical efficiency. Stroke rate, power, force, and catch angle are key areas where improvements in performance can be attained, as are changes in boat acceleration profile reflecting the late recovery, catch placement and early drive phases of the stroke.