Готові списки джерел за темами / Per Capita Output

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Per Capita Output"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Per Capita Output"

Benlaria, Houcine, Naeimah Fahad S. Almawishir, Sawssan Saadaoui, Sanaa Mostafa Mohammed Mohammed, Badreldin Mohamed Ahmed Abdulrahman, and Ibrahhim Ahmed ELamin Eltahir. "The Moderating Role of Research and Development (R&D) Support in the Relationship between Entrepreneurship and per Capita Output—A Study on the GCC Countries." Economies 11, no. 6 (2023): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies11060162.

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The current study examines the moderating role of R&D expenditures by the government on the relationship between entrepreneurship and per capita output in GCC countries. Using secondary quantitative data, panel data analysis was conducted for six GCC countries (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain, Qatar, and UAE) based on their scores on the Global Entrepreneurship Index, Ease of Doing Business, and R&D expenditure as a percentage of GDP. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were conducted using Eviews 12. The study found that a supportive business environment and entrepreneu

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Akram, Vaseem, Pradipta Kumar Sahoo, and Badri Narayan Rath. "A sector-level analysis of output club convergence in case of a global economy." Journal of Economic Studies 47, no. 4 (2020): 747–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-03-2019-0103.

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PurposeThis paper investigates the per-capita output club convergence in case of 120 countries for the period 1995–2015. Further, we disaggregate per-capita output into three broad sectors such as agriculture, industry, and service and investigate the convergence hypothesis.Design/methodology/approachThe paper tests this hypothesis using the Phillips and Sul panel club convergence technique.FindingsOur findings are as follows: (1) our results indicate the evidence of output divergence for the full sample; (2) when countries are divided into different clubs, the results exhibit the sign of per

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Eggertsson, Gauti B., Manuel Lancastre, and Lawrence H. Summers. "Aging, Output Per Capita, and Secular Stagnation." American Economic Review: Insights 1, no. 3 (2019): 325–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aeri.20180383.

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This paper re-examines the relationship between population aging and economic growth. We confirm previous research such as Cutler et al. (1990) and Acemoglu and Restrepo (2017) that show positive correlation between population aging and per capita output growth. Our contribution is demonstrating that this relationship breaks down when the adjustment of interest rates is inhibited by a lower bound on nominal rates, as during the Great Financial Crisis decade. Indeed, during the “secular stagnation regime” of 2008–2015 that prevailed in a number of countries, aging had a negative impact on livin

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Sobrino, Cesar R. "Analyzing the Role of the Permanent and Temporary Shocks in Peru Using the Co-Movements Approach." International Journal of Economics and Finance 13, no. 11 (2021): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v13n11p115.

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In this study, we use the co-movements approach to examine the role of permanent (common trend) and temporary (common cycle) shocks on per capita output, per capita consumption, and per capita investment in Peru, a small open commodity-based economy. Using quarterly data from 1993: Q1 to 2019: Q1, the effects of the temporary shocks are short-lived, and, on average, are a minor source of the variations of macro time series, over 10 quarters. This evidence suggests that the main source of per capita output and per capita consumption variations is the common trend shock which must be related to

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Himanshu, Agarwal. "Emerging Role of IT in the Development of World Economy." Journal of Graphic Era University 1, no. 2 (2009): 207–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3464431.

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<em>IT investment played a crucial role in the growth of the U.S. economy. IT prices is the key to understanding the resurgence of American economic growth. The period 1995 - 2003 have been sub-divided in order to focus on the response of IT investment to the accelerated decline in IT prices. With the growth of input per capita between investments in tangible assets and investments in human capital, the world economy experienced a surge in investment in IT after 1995. With the help of different levels of output per capita, the differences in per capita output levels are primarily explained by

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Caporale, Guglielmo Maria, and Luis A. Gil-Alana. "Long memory in US real output per capita." Empirical Economics 44, no. 2 (2012): 591–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00181-012-0559-3.

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Dotsey, Michael, Wenli Li, and Fang Yang. "Demographic transition, industrial policies, and Chinese economic growth." Quantitative Economics 16, no. 2 (2025): 615–57. https://doi.org/10.3982/qe1492.

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We build a unified framework to quantitatively examine how demographic transition and industrial policies have contributed to China's economic growth in the past five decades. On the demographic side, we consider evolutions in government population‐control policies, life expectancy, and pension income replacement. Industrial policies include changes in the speed of the growth of entrepreneurship, industry‐specific interest subsidies, and financial intermediation costs. Our analyses suggest that the demographic transition alone hardly affects the aggregate savings rate, mainly due to general eq

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Onyinye, Mgbemena. "AN ECONOMETRIC SIMULATION OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT AND ACTIVITY SECTOR PRODUCTIVITY IN NIGERIA." International Journal of Advanced Research in Accounting, Economics and Business Perspectives 7, no. 1 (2023): 33–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijaraebp.v7.i1.04.

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Several studies on human capital development have ignored its effects on activity sectors of the economy in developing countries like Nigeria. This paper examined the effects of human capital development on the Nigerian real sector activity 1981 to 2022 with data from Central Bank of Nigeria’s Statistical Bulletin, and National Bureau of Statistics. This paper utilized a macro-econometric model approach anchored on the endogenous growth theory. Ex-ante forecast showed that a 4% increase in life expectancy led to improvement in industry output (50.9%) and service output (16.6%), and agriculture

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HEIJDRA, BEN J., and JENNY E. LIGTHART. "THE MACROECONOMIC DYNAMICS OF DEMOGRAPHIC SHOCKS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 10, no. 3 (2006): 349–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100506050188.

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The paper employs an extended Yaari-Blanchard model of overlapping generations to study how the macroeconomy is affected over time by various demographic changes. It is shown that a proportional decline in fertility and death rates has qualitatively similar effects to capital income subsidies; both per capita savings and per capita consumption increase in the new steady state. A drop in the birth rate, although keeping the death rate constant, reduces per capita savings, but increases per capita consumption if the generational turnover effect is dominated by the intertemporal labor supply effe

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Per Capita Output"

Sisi, Jin. "Reverse the Question: Does Happiness Raise Economic Output？ : Evidence from the European Value Survey, 1981–2009." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-124622.

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So far, numerous studies have been devoted to investigate the relationship between happiness and income by asking the question whether economic growth has a positive impact on happiness. However, the reversed relationship from happiness to economic output has received much less attention in the literature. This paper attempts to investigate such relationship by using data from the European Value Survey that contains subjective reported well-being (happiness, or life satisfaction) values across 47 European countries from 1981 to 2009. Gender imbalance is used as an instrument for happiness in o

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Labuschagne, Johannes Riaan. "Human capital constraints in South Africa : a firm level analysis / J.R. Labuschagne." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4452.

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This study examines human capital constraints in the South African economy, and the austerity these constraints have on firms in the country. The first part of the study identifies the main human capital constraints facing South Africa, and explains how these constraints influence an economy. An inadequately educated workforce along with restrictive labour regulations makes out the central components of these constraints. The second part explores all the relevant constraints individually, and determines the cause of their existence. The final part of this study consists of a firm level analysi

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TOFFOLI, LORENZO. "Analisi multisettoriale per politiche socio-economiche: il caso del sistema educativo." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6357.

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Questa tesi è una raccolta di tre saggi di economia multisettoriale applicata. L'obiettivo è la progettazione di politiche economiche per il sistema educativo degli Stati Uniti. Un miglioramento delle prestazioni del sistema educativo può avere effetti positivi sullo sviluppo socio-economico del paese. Il metodo di analisi adottato è l'approccio della matrice di contabilità sociale, in inglese Social Accounting Matrix (SAM). I modelli multisettoriali basati sulla SAM estendono l'analisi input-output tradizionale ai problemi della generazione e distribuzione del reddito e della formazione della

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Pinto, Gonçalo Antonio Nogueira de Sousa. "Real convergence in per capita output and growth in Eurozone: a time-series approach." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/16517.

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The real convergence hypothesis has spurred a myriad of empirical tests and approaches in the economic literature. This Work Project intends to test for real output and growth convergence in all N(N-1)/2 possible pairs of output and output growth gaps of 14 Eurozone countries. This paper follows a time-series approach, as it tests for the presence of unit roots and persistence changes in the above mentioned pairs of output gaps, as well as for the existence of growth convergence with autoregressive models. Overall, significantly greater evidence has been found to support growth convergence rat

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FRANCESCA, Grassetti. "NONLINEAR DYNAMICS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH. THE INFLUENCE OF ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION BETWEEN INPUT FACTORS AND DIFFERENTIAL SAVINGS PROPENSITIES." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11393/251177.

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Questa tesi analizza le dinamiche qualitative e quantitative del modello di crescita economica Solow-Swan con differenti tassi di risparmio per lavoratori e capitalisti considerando differenti funzioni di produzione, al fine di studiare come le dinamiche di lungo periodo di un’economia sono influenzate dall’elasticità di sostituzione tra i fattori della produzione e da differenti propensioni al risparmio. Nel primo capitolo è discusso il problema di stabilire una relazione tra elasticità di sostituzione ed i livelli di capitale ed output pro capite quando si considera una funzione di produzio

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Книги з теми "Per Capita Output"

Lichtenberg, Frank R. The effect of changes in drug utilization on labor supply and per capita output. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.

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Hossain, Akhtar. Convergence of per Capita Output Levels Across Regions of Bangladesh, 1982-97. International Monetary Fund, 2000.

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Hossain, Akhtar. Convergence of per Capita Output Levels Across Regions of Bangladesh, 1982-97. International Monetary Fund, 2000.

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Hossain, Akhtar. Convergence of per Capita Output Levels Across Regions of Bangladesh, 1982-97. International Monetary Fund, 2000.

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Mondal, Bholanath. Emerging Trends in Agriculture: Prospects and Opportunities. Renu Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30954/ndp-emerging.

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The book “Emerging Trends in Agriculture: Prospects and Opportunities” is in the field of science and technology deals with modern agro-horticultural development, their problems and possibilities. Rapid global urbanization is one of the major factors driving the course and evolution of agricultural research. Food preferences have shifted as per capita income in developing countries has increased, as have occupational shifts and global linkages. These developments, together with rising population pose a challenge to agriculture for producing more and better-quality food. Agriculture’s output ca

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Mondal, Bholanath. Emerging Trends in Agriculture: Prospects and Opportunities. Renu Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30954/ndp-emerging.

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Rose, David C. The Rise of Flourishing Societies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199330720.003.0005.

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This chapter explains how societies can climb a development ladder whereby each step leads to a larger set of transactions through which to increase the value of output per capita. Each step higher is harder because each step adds transactions that require higher levels of social trust. The problem is that many of the benefits of climbing the ladder are realized at the level of society as a whole, so individual adults and individual parents have much to gain by conserving on their own resources while allowing everyone else in society to invest into the inculcation of the required moral beliefs

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Bilic, Pasko, Toni Prug, and Mislav Žitko. The Political Economy of Digital Monopolies. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529212372.001.0001.

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Digital platforms have come under intense scrutiny from scholars, policy makers, regulators, and the general public for their immense and yet largely opaque influence on the social and economic sphere. This book advances value-form and social-form directions in Marxian theory, moving beyond mainstream economic reasoning that informs much of the debate. Digital monopoly platforms such as Google and Facebook are analysed in light of their profit seeking behaviour and monetary flows generated primarily through advertising and data commodification. Considering the unity of production and circulati

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Panagariya, Arvind. New India. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197531556.001.0001.

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Its GDP having touched $2.6 trillion, India is poised to become the world’s third-largest economy in less than a decade. In doing so, it will have moved one step closer to reclaiming its pre-1820s glory, when it accounted for one-sixth of global output and ranked second in economic size. This rapid movement in the absolute size of the economy will be insufficient, however, to bring prosperity to India’s vast population. Today, 44 percent of the country’s workforce remains in agriculture and another 42 percent in tiny enterprises with fewer than twenty workers. Labor productivity of both sets o

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Частини книг з теми "Per Capita Output"

Prados de la Escosura, Leandro. "Growth Recurring in a Preindustrial Economy." In Frontiers in Economic History. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60792-9_2.

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AbstractOn the basis of new yearly estimates of output and population, Spain’s economic performance from the late thirteenth century to mid-nineteenth century can be shown to be a succession of growing and shrinking phases without long-term net gains in average income. The simultaneous behaviour of per capita income and population is consistent with the existence of a frontier economy in which natural resources are abundant and population scarce, and precludes a Malthusian interpretation. A long phase of sustained growth and lower inequality ended in the 1570s and gave way to another period of

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Afshar, Kamran. "The Impact of the Urban Income per capita on the Agricultural Output: A Case Study of pre-1975 Iran." In Iran. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17966-4_3.

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Prados de la Escosura, Leandro. "Productivity Growth." In Frontiers in Economic History. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60792-9_4.

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AbstractThis chapter assesses long-term productivity growth and its immediate determinants in Spain. Over the last 170 years, output per hour worked dominated GDP growth, while hours worked per person shrank by one-quarter and population trebled. Half of labour productivity growth resulted from capital deepening and one-third from efficiency gains (total factor productivity). Labour productivity proceeded steadily, accelerating during the 1920s and from the mid-1950s to the late 1980s, but decelerated thereafter as capital deepening slowed down and TFP stagnated due to the fact that expanding

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Bastos, Joana, and Leonardo Rosado. "Regional Metabolism: A Material and Product Flow Accounting Model for Trentino, Italy." In Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39206-1_4.

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AbstractMaterial flow accounting (MFA) can be applied to systematically quantify material inputs, outputs and throughputs to and from a geographical area, providing particularly relevant insights into managing resource flows and stocks, and identifying opportunities to close material cycles, moving from a linear to a circular economy. Remarkable advances in recent years have been made on the application of MFA to regions and cities, in particular going beyond material to product flows and providing increased details on life-cycle stages of products across these flows, which are crucial to esti

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Uuskoski, Mikko, Hannu Kärkkäinen, and Karan Menon. "Implementation of Pay-Per-Output Business Models and Advanced Automation Systems in Capital Goods Manufacturing SMEs." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42250-9_38.

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Sariah, John E., and Frank Mmbando. "What drives small-scale farmers to adopt conservation agriculture practices in Tanzania?" In Conservation agriculture in Africa: climate smart agricultural development. CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245745.0017.

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Abstract Conservation Agriculture (CA)-based Sustainable Intensification (CASI) practices in this study comprised minimum soil disturbance, permanent soil cover, intercropping of maize and legumes, and use of improved crop genotypes and fertilizers, and were tested on-farm in different agroecologies in northern and eastern Tanzania. The results for six consecutive years of study indicate increased adoption of CASI practices compared to the baseline year (2010). The major impacts of these practices were reduced production costs, labour savings and overall increased crop and land productivity. T

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Joffe, Michael. "How to Monitor an Economy’s Contribution to Meeting Basic Needs." In Evaluating Economic Success. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57671-3_2.

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AbstractEconomic outcomes are intermediate between economic outputs and their impact on people’s lives. They represent the major way in which economic activity positively impacts health and wellbeing. The monitoring of such intermediate outcomes has useful measurement properties, because they apply to the whole population, they are present early and allow preventive measures to be undertaken, and they directly indicate where intervention is necessary thereby helping to set the policy agenda.A provisional list of possible indicators for high-income countries is presented. The choice of items is

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"Construction output per capita." In Spon's Asia-Pacific Construction Costs Handbook. CRC Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482266320-46.

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Katz, Richard. "The Need for a Productivity Revolution." In The Contest for Japan's Economic Future. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197675106.003.0004.

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Abstract Large parts of Japan’s population are suffering from declining living standards, in large part because of flagging productivity, that is, output per worker. A nation can consume a certain amount of goods and services per person only by producing that amount per person. Productivity, in turn, depends on not only how much it invests in modern technology, but also how well its companies use it. Japanese companies get less economic payoff from every dollar they invest in so-called knowledge-based capital than do most other rich countries. As a result, per capita GDP has fallen from 83% of

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Dinçsoy, Enver Erdinç, and Muhammet Atlas Doğan. "Taking Off to Economic Growth and Uncovering the Impact of Electricity Consumption on Regional Development." In Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-0400-6.ch003.

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In the study, a panel data analysis is used for examining the relationship between gross domestic product per capita (GPC) and airport activity index (AAI), electricity consumption per person (EPP), physicians per 1,000 people (PPT), and credit volume (CRE). Panel data analysis results suggest that AAI has a statistically significant positive effect on the lagged GPC. This suggests that increased airport activity is associated with higher economic output in the cities of Türkiye. Both EPP and PPT have positive and significant impacts on GPC, indicating that higher electricity consumption and b

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Per Capita Output"

Gbakon, K., J. A. Ajienka, O. Iledare, and J. Gogo. "Analysis of Energy-Economic Dynamics in Canadian Provinces: Insights from Data Analytics." In SPE Canadian Energy Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/218109-ms.

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Abstract This paper conducts study of the relationship between end-use energy demand and economic growth as indicated by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on a province-level within Canada. There is abundant literature investigating the direction of causality between energy use and economic growth. However, these studies tend to focus on country units or groupings of countries. Additionally, the direction of causality between energy and economic growth has yielded mixed results, which depend on the econometric methods used, the time period, and the inclusion of other economic growth/productivit

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Hadi Abdulla Al-Lahaibi, Zakir, and Saeed Ali Muhammad Al-Obedi. "The impact of good governance indicators on the average per capita GDP in Iraq for the period 2004-2020." In 11th International Conference of Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges. University of Human Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/37.

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Iraq suffers from deteriorating economic conditions, and the spread of corruption in the joints of the state and its institutions, which indicates that the availability of capabilities and resources alone in any country is not capable of advancing the economic reality. Rather, it needs political will and rational economic management that establishes controls and laws to create a sound environment for the economy and the exploitation of its resources in a way Optimal, as the research assumed that the indicators of good governance exercise a direct significant effect on the average per capita GD

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Diyashev, I. R., and J. B. Spath. "Kaya Identity Defines Realistic Negative Emissions Targets for Large Nations and the World." In SPE Energy Transition Symposium. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/221388-ms.

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Abstract Our primary goal in this paper is to outline a methodology for developing realistic energy transition scenarios using existing and cost-effective technologies including negative emissions technologies. We discuss data sources, build projections of GDP, consumption of various energy resources, and energy transition costs. We discuss in detail the scenario for the USA, and briefly for China and India. We also review worldwide energy transition scenarios, and we address the question of what the expected CO2 emissions under a "business as usual" scenario, how much negative emissions would

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Gültekin, Ömer Faruk. "The Impact of Environmental Policy, per Capita Income, Inflation and Urbanization on Life Expectancy at Birth: Examples from the BRICS and MIST Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c15.02786.

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The development of environmental policies is of great importance for the continuation of the concept of sustainable development. Societies that strive for economic development should aim to leave a cleaner world for future generations. Therefore, as an output of the economic development process, the relationship between life expectancy at birth and environmental policies and welfare increase is a test of the expectation for a clean world. In the study, the effects of economic development components and environmental policies on life expectancy at birth, which is a health indicator in the devel

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Thomas, Leah, Andrew Schroeder, Jenna Altaii, Robert Stone, Arnold D. Salzberg, and Christopher B. Arena. "GaitWay: Development and Testing of a Novel Ambulation Device for Gait Rehabilitation." In 2025 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1115/dmd2025-1096.

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Abstract Approximately 7–12% of the U.S. population experiences significant ambulation limitations, yet rural areas face a 50% shortage of physical therapists per capita. This disparity, combined with the risks and challenges associated with prolonged immobility, underscores the need for innovative solutions to simulate the benefits of walking without the risks of standing. While existing therapies like early mobilization and passive exercises improve outcomes, they often rely on extensive personnel support, limiting accessibility in resource-constrained settings. The proposed device provides

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Kowarsch, Dandan, and Jingyu Wang. "The Impact of Refugees on Economic Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002294.

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The aim of this article is to explore the relationship between refugees and the host country’s economic growth in Latin America and the Caribbean using a simulation modeling approach. There is a large body of work on the topic using statistics. However, one big challenge of conducting econometrics methods to unveil any correlation is that regressions are data dependent. Since the current available refugee data doesn’t truly represent the reality as there has been a quite substantial number of unregistered Venezuelan refugees in Latin America and Caribbean region since 2015. Using agent-based s

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Chromec, Peter R., and Francis A. Ferraro. "Waste-to-Energy in the Context of Global Warming." In 16th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec16-1954.

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In December 2007 the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) took place in Bali. It was based on the IPCC report no. 4 presented in Barcelona on November 2007. The messages are briefly: • Warming of the climate system is unequivocal; • Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to human activities have grown since pre-industrial times; • Continued GHG emissions at or above current rates would cause further warming and induce many changes in the global climate system during the 21st century that would very likely be larger than those observed during the 20th century; • Key

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Moton, Jennie M., Brian D. James, and Whitney G. Colella. "Advances in Electrochemical Compression of Hydrogen." In ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2014-6641.

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This paper evaluates the potential for electrochemical hydrogen compression systems (EHCs) regarding their engineering performance, manufacturability, and capital costs. EHCs could enhance or replace mechanical hydrogen compressors. The physical embodiment of EHCs is similar to that of low temperature (LT) proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell systems (FCSs). They also share common operating principles with LT PEM FCS and with PEM electrolysis systems. Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA™) analysis is applied to EHCs to identify manufactured designs, manufacturing methods, projected

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Wang, Xurong, Yi Wu, Jiangfeng Wang, Yiping Dai, and Danmei Xie. "Thermo-Economic Analysis of a Recompression Supercritical CO2 Cycle Combined With a Transcritical CO2 Cycle." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-42033.

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The transcritical CO2 cycle (TCO2 cycle) exhibits good performance in low-grade waste heat recovery area. In this study, a TCO2 cycle was employed as a bottoming cycle to recover the waste heat in the topping recompression supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle (SCO2 cycle). A detailed system analysis was performed of a recompression SCO2 cycle combined with a TCO2 cycle to improve the efficiency of energy conversion. Thermodynamic analysis, calculation of heat exchangers’ area and economic analysis were considered. The SCO2 turbine expansion ratio, TCO2 turbine inlet pressure, high temperature recup

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Звіти організацій з теми "Per Capita Output"

Eggertsson, Gauti, Manuel Lancastre, and Lawrence Summers. Aging, Output Per Capita and Secular Stagnation. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24902.

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Sánchez Romero, Miguel. The role of demography on per capita output growth and saving rates. Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2011-015.

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Lichtenberg, Frank. The Effect of Changes in Drug Utilization on Labor Supply and Per Capita Output. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9139.

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Quak, Evert-jan. The Link Between Demography and Labour Markets in sub-Saharan Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.011.

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This rapid review synthesises the literature from academic, policy, and knowledge institution sources on how demography affects labour markets (e.g. entrants, including youth and women) and labour market outcomes (e.g. capital-per-worker, life-cycle labour supply, human capital investments) in the context of sub-Saharan Africa. One of the key findings is that the fast-growing population in sub-Saharan Africa is likely to affect the ability to get productive jobs and in turn economic growth. This normally happens when workers move from traditional (low productivity agriculture and household bus

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Bastos, Fabiano, Rogério Boueri, Maria Cristina Mac Dowell, and Emilio Pineda. Analysis of Public Spending: An Evaluation Methodology for Measuring the Efficiency of Brazilian State Spending on Education. Inter-American Development Bank, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007981.

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This study uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to evaluate the efficiency of state public education systems in Brazil. State government spending on education and state gross domestic product are interpreted as input variables, with the latter being non-discretionary. Output variables are based on the number of state public school students taking the ENEM (Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio, a national exam taken at the end of high school studies) and the Prova Brasil (a national exam taken at the end of the 5th and 9th grades) and their scores on these exams. Variables were not scaled per capita

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Briones, Roehlano. The Unfinished Agenda of Trade Liberalization in Philippine Agriculture: Assessing the Impact of Reducing Tariff and Nontariff Barriers. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2020. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2020.42.

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Much progress has been made in pursuing liberalization of agricultural trade in the Philippines. However, some significant tariff and non-tariff barriers remain. This study evaluates the economic impacts of completing the agenda of policy reform by removal of these remaining trade barriers. Scenario analysis using computable general equilibrium modeling finds that trade liberalization is associated with a more rapid expansion in imports and a wider agricultural trade deficit; slower growth of agricultural GDP and wages; higher overall GDP and higher industry- fiscal position and national savin

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Attanasio, Orazio P., and Giovanni L. Violante. The Demographic Transition in Closed and Open Economies: A Tale of Two Regions. Inter-American Development Bank, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010772.

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This paper constructs a general equilibrium overlapping generation model to evaluate quantitatively how demographic transition (falling mortality and fertility rates) affects aggregate variables (wages, interest rate, output), and inter-generational welfare in closed and open economies. We perform this analysis for two economies calibrated to resemble the North (US and Europe) and Latin America. Our simulations suggest that the demographic transition could have generated income per capita growth up to 0.5% per year in excess of steady-state growth in the past 50 years in Latin America and 0.3%

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Cavallo, Eduardo A., and Alberto F. Cavallo. Are Crises Good for Long-Term Growth?: The Role of Political Institutions. Inter-American Development Bank, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010820.

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This paper provides empirical evidence for the importance of institutions in determining the outcome of crises on long-term growth. Once unobserved country-specific effects and other sources of endogeneity are accounted for, political institutions affect growth through their interaction with crises. The results suggest that only countries with strong democracies, high levels of political competition and external constraints on government can potentially benefit from crises and use them as opportunities to enhance long-term output per capita and productivity growth.

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Cuenca, Janet. Efficiency of Local Governments in Health Service Delivery: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2020. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2020.06.

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The study analyzes the efficiency implications of fiscal decentralization using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). It uses health expenditure (in per capita real terms) data from local government units (LGUs) as input. The output variables of interest include access to safe water and sanitation, health facility-based delivery, and access to hospital inpatient services. It also uses LGU income and its major components (i.e., own-source revenue and income revenue allotment, in per capita real terms) as covariates, as well as the health expenditure decentralization ratio, to account for fiscal a

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Mitra, Sabyasachi. Drivers and Benefits of Enhancing Participation in Global Value Chains: Lessons for India. Asian Development Bank, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps200430-2.

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Enhancing participation in global value chain (GVCs) can facilitate development outcomes that India strives to achieve, including generating productive employment opportunities, increasing labor productivity, and gaining a larger share of global exports. This paper draws from the Asian Development Bank’s Multiregional Input–Output Database and highlights the role of various drivers of GVCs participation across primary, manufacturing, and services sectors. It also evaluates the drivers and economic consequences of participating in different segments of GVCs, which can apply to India’s potential

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