Готові списки джерел за темами / Port de commerce

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  2. Дисертації
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  5. Тези доповідей конференцій
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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Port de commerce"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 7 червня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Port de commerce"

1

Tourret, Paul. "Anvers, grand port de commerce européen." Outre-Terre N° 40, no. 3 (2014): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oute1.040.0373.

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2

Bouhier, Abel. "Le port de commerce des Sables-d'Olonne." Norois 156, no. 1 (1992): 407–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/noroi.1992.6445.

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3

Nana, Chen, and He Zhixia. "Grey Prediction Analysis on the Scale of Cross-Border E-Commerce Retail Import Transaction in Hainan." E3S Web of Conferences 292 (2021): 03007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129203007.

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Combined with the policy of Hainan free trade port, the advantages of cross-border e-commerce enable the retail import cross-border e-commerce of Hainan free trade port develop rapidly, but Hainan cross-border e-commerce started late, and the data is very limited, so there is almost no reference econometric model. Therefore, this paper used the grey prediction GM (1,1) model to make a short-term prediction analysis of Hainan cross-border e-commerce retail import transaction scale, and used the residual correction model to improve the prediction accuracy, hoping to provide data reference and relevant policy basis for subsequent researchers and managers by analyzing the results in many aspects.
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4

Seed, H. Bolton. "SUBSTRUCTURE DESIGN OF THE NEW MYSTIC PIER NO. 1, BOSTON." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 3 (January 1, 2000): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v3.16.

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In order to provide adequate modern terminal facilities to handle the anticipated commerce requirements, the Port of Boston Authority, in 1947 prepared a master plan for the future development of the port. The second step of this plan was the reconstruction, on modern standards, of the old Mystic Pier No. 1. Planning for this work was started in 1949 and the new pier was opened to commerce in September 1952.
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Graslin, Laetitia, and Jérôme Maucourant. "Le port de commerce : un concept en débat." Topoi 12, no. 1 (2005): 215–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/topoi.2005.2001.

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6

POTTER, JH. "PORT OF DOVER - ITS DEVELOPMENT, COMMERCE AND PROSPECTS." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 88, no. 2 (April 1990): 295–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/iicep.1990.5823.

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7

Ференц, Ч. З. "Role of the dual VET in the secondary vocational education in Hungary." Vocational education and labor market, no. 3(46) (September 30, 2021): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.52944/port.2021.46.3.009.

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Цель статьи — представить особенности дуальной системы в профессиональном образовании Венгрии, основываясь на опыте работы Торгово-промышленной палаты Венгрии в этом направлении за последние три года (2019–2021). Предпринята попытка систематизировать управленческие решения по внедрению дуальной системы обучения в профессиональное образование страны на принципах государственно-частного партнерств. Теоретическая значимость заключается в описании современной модели профессионального образования Венгрии (принципы формирования дуальных образовательных программ в двух типах образовательных организаций, механизмов партнерства предприятий и образовательных организаций при координирующей роли торгово-промышленной палаты). Практическая значимость — в описании нормативных правовых решений, обеспечивающих жизнеспособность дуальной модели обучения в стране. The purpose of the article is to characterize the features of the dual system in vocational education in Hungary based on the experience of the Hungarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry over the past three years (2019–2021). Rhe author attempts to systematize management decisions on the introduction of a dual training system in the country’s vocational education based on the principles of public-private partnerships. The theoretical significance lies in the description of the modern model of professional education in Hungary (the principles of the dual educational programmes formation in two types of educational organizations, partnership mechanisms of enterprises and educational organizations with the Chamber of Commerce and Industry having the coordinating role). The practical significance lies in the description of regulatory legal solutions that ensure the viability of the dual model of education in the country.
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Xie, Hai Yan, Xiao Liu, and De Peng Zhao. "Optimization of Port Supply Chain Super Network under Electronic Commerce." Advanced Materials Research 605-607 (December 2012): 557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.605-607.557.

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This paper establishes a three-layer port supply chain super network model for multiple decision criteria which consists of M suppliers, N port agents and K customers. The establishment of the model is based on the principles of competition in the same layer and cooperation between different layers. Then, from the perspective of suppliers, port agents and customers, we respectively model the optimizing behavior of the various decision makers by using variational inequalities, and we derive the equilibrium conditions of the entire supply chain by using improved projection algorithm. Finally, we prove the feasibility of the model by experiment.
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9

Power, Michael. "Councillors and commerce in Liverpool, 1650–1750." Urban History 24, no. 3 (December 1997): 301–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926800012372.

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ABSTRACTLiverpool grew remarkably in the century after 1650 outpacing long-established ports like Bristol and Hull. In part this was due to advantages of location, in part to the ambitions of its merchants. The council opened a wet dock in 1715, a pioneering project which gave the port an unusual trading advantage. This paper explains that event by tracing the emergence of merchants on the council in the late seventeenth century and, by analysing port book evidence, argues that they assumed a trading dominance in the town which was especially strong about 1700. Their powerful position on the council was, in part, the result of a new town charter of 1695. Political and economic factors worked together to propel the town towards its spectacular eighteenth-century economic development.
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10

Bouhier, Abel. "Le port de pêche et le port de commerce des Sables-d'Olonne (Vendée) en 1992." Norois 160, no. 1 (1993): 729–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/noroi.1993.6531.

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Дисертації з теми "Port de commerce"

1

Valérian, Dominique. "Bougie, port maghrébin, 1067-1510 /." Rome : [Paris] : École française de Rome ; [diff. de Boccard], 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb409622380.

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2

Heffer, Jean. "Le Port de New York et le commerce extérieur américain : 1860-1900 /." Paris : Université de Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34912519z.

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3

Heffer, Jean. "Le Port de New York et le commerce extérieur américain, 1860-1900." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375942415.

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4

Vignau, Pascale. "La Pallice : La construction et l'essor d'un port de commerce (1870-1940)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LAROF005.

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Анотація:
Au début du XIXe siècle, la marine connaît une mutation technique accélérée. Le « vieux port » aux origines médiévales de la Rochelle ne répond plus aux besoins de la navigation, ce qui donne lieu au creusement d’un bassin intérieur effectif en 1808. Cet équipement s’avère vite insuffisant et au milieu du siècle, la construction d’un second bassin hors les murs s’impose et voit le quartier de la Ville-en-Bois se développer à proximité. Rapidement, à son tour, dans les années 1850-1860, ce nouveau bassin ne répond plus aux exigences maritimes modernes. La construction d’un troisième bassin à flot en eau profonde est alors envisagée pour la première fois. La question du lieu se pose. La réponse vient de l’ingénieur hydrographe Bouquet de la Grye, qui, après avoir étudié différentes possibilités de la rade, propose en 1876 un lieu à 5 km à l’ouest de la ville, ce sera la création du port en eau profonde de La Pallice. La venue, en 1878, du ministre des travaux publics Freycinet entérine ce grand projet devenu national. Les travaux débutent en 1880 jusqu’au 19 août 1890, date de l’inauguration par le président Sadi Carnot. Le 5 juin 1891, l’établissement portuaire est ouvert à la navigation et le trafic se développe selon une progression constante. La Première Guerre mondiale met en lumière les avantages de La Pallice et son rôle important dans la défense nationale, mais le port présenté comme moderne en 1890 devient bientôt exigu pour recevoir des navires de plus en plus grands. La construction d'un môle d'escale en eau profonde est adoptée en 1923, pour être en partie opérationnel avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Cette thèse qui relève de l’histoire urbaine s'attache également à démontrer en quoi la création du port de la Pallice a permis à La Rochelle de renouer avec son grand destin maritime en relançant son économie marchande
At the beginning of the 19 th century, the navy underwent an accelerated technical change. The "old port" with medieval origins of La Rochelle no longer meets the needs of navigation, which gives rise to the digging of an effective interior basin in 1808. This equipment quickly proves insufficient and in the middle of the century, the construction of a second basin outside the walls was essential and saw the Ville-en-Bois district develop nearby. Quickly, in turn, in the years 1850-1860, this new basin no longer met modern maritime requirements. The construction of a third wet dock in deep water was then considered for the first time. The question of location arises. The answer comes from the hydrographer engineer Bouquet de la Grye who, after having studied the various possibilities of the bay, proposed in 1876 a place 5 km west of the city, with would be the creation of the deep water port of La Pallice. The visit of the Minister of Public Works, Freycinet, in 1878, endorsed this major project which had become national in scope. Work began in 1880 until August 19, 1890, the date of inauguration by President Sadi Carnot. On June 5, 1891, the port establishment was opened to navigation, and traffic grew steadily. The First World War highlights the advantages of La Pallice and its important role in national defence, but the port presented as modern in 1890 soon becomes cramped to receive increasingly large ships. The construction of a deep-water stopover mole was adopted in 1923, to be partly operational before the Second World War. This thesis, which is part of urban history, also aims to demonstrate how the creation of the port of La Pallice has enabled La Rochelle to renew its great maritime destiny by reviving its marchant economy
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Meynen, Nicolas. "La Rochelle au XIXe siècle : de la place forte au port de commerce /." [Poitiers] : CPPPC, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb411839490.

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Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Histoire de l'art--Bordeaux 3, 2002. Titre de soutenance : Fortication, architecture et urbanisme à La Rochelle au XIXe siècle.
CPPPC = Connaissance et promotion du patrimoine de Poitou-Charentes.
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6

Lo, Prete Mariantonia. "Port de commerce et environnement, une relation en évolution : ce que nous apprennent les recours contentieux dans les ports français et italiens en mer Méditerranée." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1178.

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Le territoire portuaire est inévitablement un lieu de conflits, notamment dans son processus de prise en compte de l'environnement. L'objet de notre travail de recherche est de voir comment l'environnement s'inscrit dans le développement portuaire à partir de l'analyse des recours contentieux, c'est-à-dire des conflits environnementaux qui engagent des acteurs publics et privés face aux tribunaux. Nous avons ainsi mis en place un outil méthodologique permettant de traiter les arrêts : une grille d'analyse géo-juridique des conflits environnementaux portuaires résolus par le juge qui permet de saisir la variété d'éléments caractérisant chaque conflit, et ainsi d'en faire une analyse quantitative et qualitative. L'originalité de cette thèse réside donc dans son approche de l'aménagement de l'espace par le droit. Travailler sur les contentieux donne en effet des éléments précieux pour comprendre les rapports qui s'établissent entre les différents acteurs dans la fabrique des territoires portuaires lorsque ceux-ci sont confrontés au développement et aux enjeux environnementaux. C'est à cet effet que nous proposons une typologie de la prise en compte de l'environnement dans le développement portuaire. Celle-ci pourrait permettre de mieux comprendre de nouveaux conflits environnementaux en les rapportant aux profils portuaires identifiés, voire de réfléchir aux moyens d'améliorer la prise en compte de l'environnement dans le territoire portuaire
Ports are inevitably the site of litigation born out of environmental issues. Our research aims to understand how the environment is taken into account in port development. For that purpose, we analysed litigation where public and private players went to court over environmental issues. To do so, we created a method based on a geo-law grid that we used to read and analyse judgements on environmental issues linked to ports, and to grasp the variety of characteristics of these judgements on which we can base a quantitative and qualitative analysis. Our thesis is unique in using a legal approach to study port development. Using the prism of litigation provides valuable information to understand the relationships between private and public players involved in the development of ports as they face environmental issues. As a contribution to this purpose, we provide profiles of how the environment has been taken into account in port development. These port profiles can help us better understand new environmental disputes, and help us find better ways to take the environment into account in port development
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7

Iodice, Antonio. "Le port franc, diffusion d'un modèle économique : politiques, acteurs, idéologies, mythe : comparaison entre deux réalités : Gênes et Marseille (1590-1817)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0050.

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L’objet de la recherche est l’institution des ports francs à l’époque moderne dans un cadre comparatif. J’ai choisi Livourne, Gênes et Marseille, les trois principaux ports francs de l’époque. Avec l’étude de la législation et des débats autour de l’application des franchises, je veux confronter ces villes entres elles et les placer dans le débat très vif en état moderne sur le port franc. Pour cette raison j'ai réservé une partie du travail à la comparaison avec des autres ports francs et avec des villes sans cette franchise, comme Naples, où le débat a été très vif
The aim of this research is investigating on the institution of the free ports in Modern age, following a comparative scheme. I've chosen Livorno, Genoa and Marseille because they were three of the main free ports at the time. I want to compare those port-cities studying their legislation and the free port's edict application. They all have had an important role in the debates around the economical institution of the free port itself. For this reason I've written on the comparison about different free ports and also on a port-city without such a tax exemption like Naples. Here there has been a long and harsh debate about the possibility of introducing the free port, which I tracked down
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8

Davies, Anthony John. "Application of electronic data interchange to port export procedures." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305524.

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9

Calafat, Guillaume. "Une mer jalousée : juridictions maritimes, ports francs et régulation du commerce en Méditerranée (1590-1740)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010719.

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Cette thèse est consacrée à l’analyse des différentes manières d’exercer une «emprise», une «souveraineté» et une «juridiction» sur les mers à l’époque moderne. Centrée sur la Méditerranée d’un long XVIIe siècle, elle commence par présenter les différents terrains et les multiples soubassements théoriques d’une controverse à la fois juridique, politique et diplomatique. Du Golfe de Venise aux mers du Levant, de la mer Tyrrhénienne à la mer Égée, il s’agit de réfléchir aux frontières et aux limites maritimes au prisme de notions très débattues, telles que «propriété», «occupation» et «possession». On utilise pour cela une variété de documents, qui vont des textes théoriques aux libelles manuscrits, des traités de paix aux productions cartographiques, des Capitulations avec la Porte ottomane aux gravures et aux dépêches diplomatiques. Une seconde partie concerne la juridiction fiscale, à travers l’histoire du port toscan de Livourne : l’enjeu est ici de montrer que la franchise portuaire dessine l’espace d’une juridiction et d’une souveraineté en Méditerranée. Escale ouverte aux marchands et aux marins étrangers, port neutre, Livourne offre un exemple paradigmatique de « port franc », tour à tour imité, concurrencé et jalousé en Méditerranée. Le présent travail cherche à décliner tout l’éventail de cette « franchise », depuis les exemptions douanières et les immunités personnelles jusqu’aux conditions socio-juridiques d’accueil des étrangers. Par l’étude détaillée des litiges maritimes et des suppliques, il propose enfin d’analyser le « port franc » comme un catalyseur du contentieux, propice à l’observation d’expérimentations juridiques et procédurales
This PhD thesis analyses the many ways of exercising «control», «sovereignty» and a «jurisdiction» on the seas in the Early modern period. Focusing on the Mediterranean sea during a long XVIIth century, it first introduces the different fields and the numerous theoretical bases of an altogether legal, political and diplomatic controversy. From the Gulf of Venice to the Levant seas, from the Tyrrhenian to the Aegean Sea, it examines borders and maritime boundaries in the light of much-debated notions, such as « property », «occupation» and «possession». To this purpose, a variety of documents is used, from theoretical texts to handwritten pamphlets, from peace treatises to cartographic productions, and from Capitulations with the Ottoman Empire to engravings and diplomatic dispatches. A second part deals with tax jurisdiction, using as a case study the history of the Tuscan port city of Livorno : what is at stake here is how the system of tax exemptions in a harbour delineates a space of jurisdiction and sovereignty in the Mediterranean. Livorno, a port of call welcoming merchants and foreign sailors and a neutral harbour, is an emblematic example of « free port », alternately imitated, challenged and envied in the Mediterranean. The present research scrutinizes a whole range of tax exemptions, from customs release to individual immunity and up to the socio-legal conditions of welcome for foreigners. Through a detailed study of maritime litigations and of petitions, the free port is defined, as a conclusion, as a catalyst for maritime litigations, suited for an accurate observation of legal and procedural experiments
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Klein, RuÃŒdiger. "Trade in the Safavid Port City Bandar Abbas and the Persian Gulf area (ca.1600-1680) : a study of selected aspects." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325960.

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Книги з теми "Port de commerce"

1

Bougie, port maghrébin, 1067-1510. [Rome]: École française de Rome, 2006.

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2

Medvedev, A. Moskva--port pi︠a︡ti moreĭ. Moskva: Moskovskiĭ rabochiĭ, 1985.

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3

Medvedev, A. Moskva--port pi͡a︡ti moreĭ. Moskva: Moskovskiĭ rabochiĭ, 1985.

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4

translator, Araujo Flavia de, ed. Porto de Salvador: Tradição e modernidade = Port of Salvador, tradition and modernity. Rio de Janeiro: Arte Ensaio Editora LTDA, 2015.

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5

Martin, Michael. The Hamburg port book. Hamburg: Junius, 2008.

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6

Wilmington: Port of North Carolina. Columbia, S.C: University of South Carolina Press, 1992.

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7

Cebu Chamber of Commerce and Industry., ed. 1921-1996: From Cebu port to trade point. Cebu City: Cebu Chamber of Commerce and Industry, 1996.

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8

Maloni, Ruby. Surat, port of the Mughal Empire. Mumbai: Himalaya Pub. House, 2003.

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9

Roncayolo, Marcel. L' imaginaire de Marseille: Port, ville, pôle. [Marseille]: Chambre de commerce et d'industrie de Marseille, 1990.

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10

Alemany, Joan. El Port de Barcelona. Barcelona: Port de Barcelona, 1998.

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Частини книг з теми "Port de commerce"

1

Choi, Sheena. "Politics, Commerce and Construction of Chinese ‘Otherness’ in Korea: Open Port Period (1876–1910)." In At Home in the Chinese Diaspora, 128–45. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230591622_8.

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2

Jia, Guo-Ling. "AHP-FCE Evaluation of Cross-Border e-Commerce Supply Chain Performance for Xi’an International Inland Port." In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 215–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67781-7_19.

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3

Sun, Dezhong, Lingling Fang, and Jiashu Li. "Research on the Development of Cross-Border E-commerce in Port Cities—A Case of Manzhouli City." In Proceedings of the Fourth International Forum on Decision Sciences, 589–96. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2920-2_49.

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4

Nielsen, Tjai M., and Liesl Riddle. "Investing in Peace: The Motivational Dynamics of Diaspora Investment in Post-Conflict Economies." In Peace Through Commerce, 89–102. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0237-0_7.

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McNabb, David E. "Post-Revolutionary War Commerce and Trade." In A Comparative History of Commerce and Industry, Volume I, 215–27. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137503268_13.

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6

Foster, William. "Commerce with the Red Sea Ports." In England's Quest of Eastern Trade, 288–94. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003100980-29.

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Blaszczyk, Regina Lee. "The Importance of Being True Blue: The Du Pont Company and the Color Revolution." In Cultures of Commerce, 27–50. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-07182-8_3.

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Blake, Angela M. "“New York is Not America”: Immigrants and Tourists in Post-World War I New York." In Cultures of Commerce, 117–41. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-07182-8_7.

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Osorio, Maria A., Reuben Settergren, Berc Rustem, and Nalan Gulpinar. "Post Tax Optimal Investments." In Financial Engineering, E-commerce and Supply Chain, 153–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5226-7_10.

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Geibel, Richard C., and Robin Kracht. "Social Commerce—Origin and Meaning—." In Digital Management in Covid-19 Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Times, 49–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20148-6_6.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Port de commerce"

1

Nilson, Susan, John DeRugeris, Eric M. Hines, Jay Borkland, David Carchedi, and Diane Y. Baxter. "Port Infrastructure: Marine Commerce Terminal in New Bedford, MA." In 14th Triennial International Conference. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479919.022.

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Zhang, Mian, and Li Zhang. "Network Security Management Technology Based on Port Collision." In 2010 2nd International Symposium on Information Engineering and Electronic Commerce (IEEC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieec.2010.5533214.

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3

Wang, Ying-chun, Zhang Lei, and Wang Lu. "A study on the profit model of the port e-commerce platform." In 2009 16th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management. E&EM 2009. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icieem.2009.5344577.

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BEN SLAMA, Abdelwaheb, Nesma FEKI, and Anis KAMOUN. "Etude physique et environnementale des sédiments du port de commerce de Sfax." In Conférence Méditerranéenne Côtière et Maritime - Coastal and Maritime Mediterranean Conference. Editions Paralia, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5150/cmcm.2017.017.

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Zhang, Yue-Qin, and Wen Gao. "Design and Implementation for Communicating between Computer Serial Port and Mobile Phone." In 2009 International Symposium on Information Engineering and Electronic Commerce (IEEC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieec.2009.43.

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Yang, Peiwen, and Haijun Mao. "Analysis on Competitiveness of Port Logistics along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu." In 2021 International Conference on E-Commerce and E-Management (ICECEM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icecem54757.2021.00021.

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7

Bojun Gu. "Game analysis on port logistics supply chain based on co-investment." In 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aimsec.2011.6011000.

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Zhu, Jiacheng. "Optimization of Collecting and Distributing Network of Xiamen Port Considering the Coordinated Development of Railway and Road." In 2021 International Conference on E-Commerce and E-Management (ICECEM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icecem54757.2021.00097.

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Lizhuo Liu and Jianhui Sun. "Comparative analysis of the factors influencing logistics of Qinhuangdao port based on Grey correlation." In 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aimsec.2011.6011164.

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10

Zhang, Ping, Yan Liu, and Lin Xu. "Performance Evaluation of Port Logistics in Pearl River Delta from the Perspective of Supply Chain Based on Super-Efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis." In 2021 International Conference on E-Commerce and E-Management (ICECEM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icecem54757.2021.00090.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Port de commerce"

1

Díaz de Astarloa, Bernardo, Nanno Mulder, Sandra Corcuera-Santamaría, Winfried Weck, Lucas Barreiros, Rodrigo Contreras Huerta, and Alejandro Puente. Post Pandemic Covid-19 Economic Recovery: Enabling Latin America and the Caribbean to Better Harness E-commerce and Digital Trade. Edited by Marcee Gómez. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003436.

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This report shows that Latin America and the Caribbean faces critical policy challenges going forward. It must accelerate the digital transformation to allow businesses and consumers to adapt to a new normal and leverage pandemic recovery to create stronger economies, and also tackle long-standing barriers to adopting digital technologies and bridging digital divides. These have impeded sustained and equitable economic growth even before the pandemic struck. This crisis should be a wake-up call for governments, the private sector, civil society, and international development partners to come together and take concerted actions to advance on consistent, long-term, and sustainable e-commerce strategies that are at the forefront of national and regional productive development agendas. Just as digital solutions allowed countries to overcome the increased role of distance within the context of the pandemic in shaping consumption and business, they should also be harnessed to increase regional economic integration beyond this emergency situation.
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Fioravanti, Reinaldo, Mariano Ansaldo, Eduardo Café, Xavier Fageda, and Andy Ricover. El transporte de carga aérea en América Latina y el Caribe: análisis integral del sector y recomendaciones de políticas públicas. Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004583.

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En los últimos 10 años y hasta 2019, el volumen del transporte aéreo de mercancías había mantenido una tendencia creciente en América Latina y el Caribe (ALC). Las medidas sanitarias adoptadas por los países de la región por cuenta del COVID-19 han impactado directamente en la actividad económica y en el sector transporte aéreo y aeropuertos de forma muy severa. Se ha observado, en muchos casos, una interrupción prolongada u oferta muy limitada de frecuencias de vuelos, con la consiguiente reducción de los volúmenes de transporte de pasajeros y de carga. La reducción en la capacidad de transporte en la bodega de aeronaves de pasajeros, y la crisis económica han afectado negativamente las importaciones y exportaciones de los países de ALC. Sin embargo, los operadores consultados perciben como contrapartida un crecimiento auspicioso en segmentos de carga no tan preponderantes en el pasado farmacéuticos, material médico y e-commerce que están induciendo la implementación de nuevas estrategias de servicio en las aerolíneas de carga y la redefinición de las funciones de los centros de carga del esquema aeroportuario de la región.
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3

Bisang, Roberto, Jeremías Lachman, Andrés López, Martin Pereyra, and Ezequiel Tacsir. Reinserción internacional y apertura de nuevos mercados de la cadena bovina en Argentina y Uruguay: nuevas formas de institucionalidad y esquemas de cooperación público-privados. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004102.

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La carne bovina ocupó un rol icónico en el comercio exterior argentino y uruguayo hasta los años 70 cuando diversas restricciones en los mercados externos afectaron severamente los flujos comerciados. En décadas posteriores ambos países establecieron diversas políticas productivas, tecnológicas y comerciales- para mejorar su competitividad y reinsertarse en los ahora renovados- mercados internacionales. En las últimas décadas se afianzaron otros países exportadores de carnes EEUU, Brasil, Paraguay, Australia- a la vez que se reconfiguraron los perfiles de los compradores (los mercados de comunidad -carnes kosher y halal-, las cadenas de hoteles/restaurantes/catering) y las modalidades comerciales (transporte multimodal, e-commerce). La reciente irrupción de China con ingentes volúmenes de compras y claro liderazgo comprador consolida una nueva estructura del mercado mundial de carnes bovinas caracterizado centralmente por una demanda creciente. A partir de estructuras productivas diferentes, Argentina y Uruguay enfrentan estos desafíos con el objetivo común de capturar parte del dinamismo del renovado mercado internacional de carnes. Desarrollaron, durante décadas, una red de instituciones y políticas -institutos de promoción y regulación, programas específicos, ámbitos de coordinación- destinadas a favorecer la actividad exportadora, sin descuidar sus respectivos mercados internos. El trabajo analiza la estructura y el funcionamiento de estas iniciativas y las respuestas empresarias materializadas a través de diversas estrategias exportadoras: desde accesos a mercados masivos en base a industrias frigoríficas integradas cuasi verticalmente hasta a la conformación de redes productivas entre ganaderos, proveedores de servicios de faena y distribuidores- convenientemente coordinadas por empresas “anclas”, orientadas a nichos de mercados y productos diferenciados de alto valor agregado; se agrega una mención particular referida a la dinámica de firmas subsidiarias locales de conglomerados internacionales de la industria de las carnes.
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Greenhill, Lucy. MASTS ‘Brexit’ event – summary report. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.25094.

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Background. As negotiations continue in relation to the UK’s departure from the European Union, considerable uncertainty remains around the final structure of any deal and the implications across all policy areas. Maritime issues are of key concern in Scotland and numerous reports and opinions are accumulating, highlighting significant areas of concern, ranging from fisheries to decommissioning, and some potential opportunities. There is a critical need for knowledge and capacity to support and influence the on-going negotiation process, at both the Scottish and UK level. Expertise regarding the broad range of marine research, operations and commerce is in demand to support discussion, promote interests and secure advances where possible. Such discussion must be based on the best available science but taking into account the socio-economic and historical context. The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland1 (MASTS) is supporting this discussion, providing scientific expertise and promoting the development of emerging policy and progress towards sustainable marine management, during the transition period and for the post-departure UK organisation. This workshop, supported by MASTS, brought government and academia together to consider the legal, governmental and research framework under which Brexit is taking place and to identify priority areas and activities where information can be shared and options considered for enhancing scientific support for the Brexit process. The objectives were to: • Understand current status of Brexit with respect to marine systems and research capacity, including the legislative framework • Identify the priority gaps in knowledge • Develop ways to enhance communication pathways for the best scientific advice required to support the Brexit process.
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5

Blakeley, John. Development of Engineering Qualifications in New Zealand: A Brief History. Unitec ePress, February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.027.

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Post 1840, New Zealand’s early engineers had mainly trained in Britain prior to emigrating. The need for educating and training young engineers was soon recognised. This was initially done by means of a young engineer working under the close supervision of an older, experienced engineer, usually in a cadetship arrangement. Correspondence courses from the British engineering institutions became available from 1897. Several technical colleges in New Zealand implemented night classes to assist students who were preparing for the associated examinations. The first School of Engineering was established at Canterbury University College in 1887. Teaching of engineering, initially within a School of Mines, commenced at Auckland University College in 1906. Engineering degrees did not become available from other universities in New Zealand until the late 1960s. The New Zealand Certificate in Engineering (NZCE) was introduced as a lower level of engineering qualification in the late 1950s and was replaced by a variety of two-year Diploma in Engineering qualifications from 2000, now consolidated together and known as the New Zealand Diploma in Engineering (NZDE) and taught at fifteen institutions throughout New Zealand from 2011. At an intermediate level, the three-year Bachelor of Engineering Technology degree qualification (BEngTech) was also introduced from 2000 and is now taught at seven institutes of technology and polytechnics, and the Auckland University of Technology.
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6

Catherine, Hugo. Étude comparative des services nationaux de données de recherche Facteurs de réussite. Ministère de l'enseignement supérieur et de la recherche, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52949/6.

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Ce travail a pour objectif de nourrir la réflexion en présentant un état des lieux de différents services nationaux de données. Il porte sur sept infrastructures de services qui se sont développées dans des contextes différents mais qui partagent un grand nombre de points communs, à commencer par offrir un accès à un service de données à l’ensemble des chercheurs, à l’échelle nationale. Que ce soit pour faciliter l’accès et le partage de l’information scientifique ou répondre aux exigences des bailleurs de fonds, les services nationaux de données qui font l’objet de cette étude se sont développés autour d’un noyau de fonctionnalités communes : - un service de dépôt, - un service d’archivage pérenne, - un service d’assistance et d’accompagnement à la gestion des données. La plupart d’entre eux ont aussi choisi de proposer un service de signalement et d’accès qui s’appuie soit sur un outil de découverte interne, soit sur un moteur de recherche fédérant l’accès à des données provenant de services externes à celles déposées dans leurs entrepôts. Fruit de projets au long cours, les services nationaux de données restent des initiatives plutôt récentes, l’une d’entre elles doit ouvrir ses services au début de l’année 2021. Compte tenu du contexte très dynamique qui voient se multiplier les projets d’entrepôts institutionnels, le “temps long” qui caractérise la mise en place de services nationaux incite les opérateurs à opter pour des solutions techniques et organisationnelles flexibles, de manière à pouvoir s’adapter à l’évolution des usages et des attentes des utilisateurs. Dès le stade du projet, la consultation des acteurs clés et représentatifs de la diversité des écosystèmes scientifiques s’avère incontournable pour construire l’offre de services au plus près des attentes des publics visés. Une fois le service mis en place, ce principe de co-construction prévaut tout autant : rôle déterminant des institutions partenaires au sein des comités consultatifs, appels à projets de service, implication des chercheurs pour développer de nouveaux outils (ex. retours exprimés par les utilisateurs, recueil des besoins, tests). De la même manière, les services de données inscrivent leur activité au sein de réseaux nationaux et internationaux, ce qui participe à définir et renforcer leur rôle. La majeure partie de ces infrastructures nationales s’appuie sur le financement structurel assuré par le ministère de la recherche ou un bailleur de fonds public. En s’appuyant sur la collaboration ou la fédération, l’objectif de ces initiatives nationales est aussi de réduire les coûts pour l’ensemble des partenaires. Ces économies d’échelle, l’évaluation continue des services, l'interopérabilité des outils avec les écosystèmes existants et la fiabilité des solutions techniques représentent des points d’attention déterminants pour l’ensemble de ces dispositifs car ils conditionnent leur pérennité.
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7

Epel, Bernard, and Roger Beachy. Mechanisms of intra- and intercellular targeting and movement of tobacco mosaic virus. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7695874.bard.

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Анотація:
To cause disease, plant viruses must replicate and spread locally and systemically within the host. Cell-to-cell virus spread is mediated by virus-encoded movement proteins (MPs), which modify the structure and function of plasmodesmata (Pd), trans-wall co-axial membranous tunnels that interconnect the cytoplasm of neighboring cells. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) employ a single MP for cell- cell spread and for which CP is not required. The PIs, Beachy (USA) and Epel (Israel) and co-workers, developed new tools and approaches for study of the mechanism of spread of TMV that lead to a partial identification and molecular characterization of the cellular machinery involved in the trafficking process. Original research objectives: Based on our data and those of others, we proposed a working model of plant viral spread. Our model stated that MPᵀᴹⱽ, an integral ER membrane protein with its C-terminus exposed to the cytoplasm (Reichel and Beachy, 1998), alters the Pd SEL, causes the Pd cytoplasmic annulus to dilate (Wolf et al., 1989), allowing ER to glide through Pd and that this gliding is cytoskeleton mediated. The model claimed that in absence of MP, the ER in Pd (the desmotubule) is stationary, i.e. does not move through the Pd. Based on this model we designed a series of experiments to test the following questions: -Does MP potentiate ER movement through the Pd? - In the presence of MP, is there communication between adjacent cells via ER lumen? -Does MP potentiate the movement of cytoskeletal elements cell to cell? -Is MP required for cell-to-cell movement of ER membranes between cells in sink tissue? -Is the binding in situ of MP to RNA specific to vRNA sequences or is it nonspecific as measured in vitro? And if specific: -What sequences of RNA are involved in binding to MP? And finally, what host proteins are associated with MP during intracellular targeting to various subcellular targets and what if any post-translational modifications occur to MP, other than phosphorylation (Kawakami et al., 1999)? Major conclusions, solutions and achievements. A new quantitative tool was developed to measure the "coefficient of conductivity" of Pd to cytoplasmic soluble proteins. Employing this tool, we measured changes in Pd conductivity in epidermal cells of sink and source leaves of wild-type and transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) plants expressing MPᵀᴹⱽ incubated both in dark and light and at 16 and 25 ᵒC (Liarzi and Epel, 2005 (appendix 1). To test our model we measured the effect of the presence of MP on cell-to-cell spread of a cytoplasmic fluorescent probe, of two ER intrinsic membrane protein-probes and two ER lumen protein-probes fused to GFP. The effect of a mutant virus that is incapable of cell-to-cell spread on the spread of these probes was also determined. Our data shows that MP reduces SEL for cytoplasmic molecules, dilates the desmotubule allowing cell-cell diffusion of proteins via the desmotubule lumen and reduces the rate of spread of the ER membrane probes. Replicase was shown to enhance cell-cell spread. The data are not in support of the proposed model and have led us to propose a new model for virus cell-cell spread: this model proposes that MP, an integral ER membrane protein, forms a MP:vRNAER complex and that this ER-membrane complex diffuses in the lipid milieu of the ER into the desmotubule (the ER within the Pd), and spreads cell to cell by simple diffusion in the ER/desmotubule membrane; the driving force for spread is the chemical potential gradient between an infected cell and contingent non-infected neighbors. Our data also suggests that the virus replicase has a function in altering the Pd conductivity. Transgenic plant lines that express the MP gene of the Cg tobamovirus fused to YFP under the control the ecdysone receptor and methoxyfenocide ligand were generated by the Beachy group and the expression pattern and the timing and targeting patterns were determined. A vector expressing this MPs was also developed for use by the Epel lab . The transgenic lines are being used to identify and isolate host genes that are required for cell-to-cell movement of TMV/tobamoviruses. This line is now being grown and to be employed in proteomic studies which will commence November 2005. T-DNA insertion mutagenesis is being developed to identify and isolate host genes required for cell-to-cell movement of TMV.
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