Готові списки джерел за темами / Powder recycling

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Powder recycling"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2023

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями

Оберіть тип джерела:

Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Powder recycling".

Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.

Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.

Статті в журналах з теми "Powder recycling":

Gorji, N. E., R. O’Connor, and D. Brabazon. "XPS, SEM, AFM, and Nano-Indentation characterization for powder recycling within additive manufacturing process." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1182, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1182/1/012025.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Abstract Powder recycling and reducing the waste metallic powder is EU’s key provision in waste framework directive (2008/98/EC). The aim of this investigation is to analyse the correlation between the surface and morphology properties of (virgin and recycled) powders and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the 3D printed parts (made of three powders). Two biomedical Tibia implants have been 3D printed from virgin and 3-5 times recycled powders of stainless steel 316L. For this, the surface composition and microstructure of the powders has been characterized and correlated to the nanoindentation measurements carrier out on these implants. X-ray surface spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to analyse the oxidation level on the powder’s surface revealing less than 10% more oxygen on the surface of recycled powders. SEM analysis shows less than 5 μm difference in powder size distribution even though the shape and circularity of the recycled powders seem to be affected under several reusing cycles. The size of the powder particles does not show much difference but satellites and binding between the powders increased in recycled powder. The hardness and effective modulus of the parts from recycled powders are significantly smaller than the virgin-made implants, which could be due to higher porosity present in the recycled powder or due to oxygen increment on recycled powder. The surface roughness (AFM analysis) has slightly increased on part made of recycled powders. However, the overall morphology shows little difference between the two parts.

Vasileva, Elena, and Afanasiy Ivanov. "Recycling waste as raw material for powder coatings." MATEC Web of Conferences 376 (2023): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202337601009.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

According to global market analysis, annual production of polymer composites is expected to increase by an average of 6%, reaching a volume of 13-14 million tonnes by 2024, primarily in the building industry and mechanical engineering sectors. Recycling of polymer composites can be achieved through secondary use or recycling of solid waste. In Russia, about 160 out of 343 polymer producers are engaged in polymer recycling, with a focus on thermoplastics. However, recycling of thermoplastics is a complex process due to the strong polymer matrix structure, varying fillers, and resistance to thermal and chemical degradation. Mechanical grinding of waste polymer composites in powder form is a promising way to obtain a secondary product for decorative and protective coatings. Powder coating is a mixture of polymer powders with target and staining pigments, which sprayed onto the surface of a product and then polymerized at 150-220 °С. This paper compares a commercial polymer powder coating with a powder coating derived from recycled glass-reinforced plastic (GRP) on an epoxy binder. The study shows that the polymer powder coating composition obtained from recycled GRP is comparable to commercial powder coatings in terms of uniformity of distribution over the coated surface.

Yánez, Alejandro, María Paula Fiorucci, Oscar Martel, and Alberto Cuadrado. "The Influence of Dimensions and Powder Recycling on the Roughness and Mechanical Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Parts Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion." Materials 15, no. 16 (August 22, 2022): 5787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165787.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Powder bed fusion technology has undergone a remarkable amount of development in recent years in the field of medical implants due to the advantages associated with it. In many implant applications that demand loads in parts with a high degree of roughness and small dimensions, the mechanical properties, especially fatigue properties, play a key role in the success of the implants. One of the most used materials in this field is Ti-6Al-4V. On the other hand, the high cost of titanium powders makes it necessary to search for suitable powder recycling strategies. In this work, the effects of dimensions and powder recycling on the roughness and the mechanical properties of cylinder specimens were obtained from tensile static and fatigue tests of Ti-6Al4V Extra-Low Interstitial (ELI) parts. Four types of specimens were fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (two dimensions (section diameters of 2 mm and 5 mm) with new powder and with recycled powder). Results show that the oxygen concentration increased with recycling. No significant effects of recycling were observed on the monotonic tensile strength specimens. However, specimens fabricated with recycled powder showed greater roughness, lower ductility, and lower fatigue strength than those fabricated with new powder. On the other hand, the 5-mm-diameter specimens showed slightly better fatigue behavior than the 2-mm-diameter ones.

Park, Cha-Won, and Byeung-Hee Kang. "Recycling Technology of Cementitious Powder for Completely Recycling of Concrete Waste." Journal of the Korean Institute of Building Construction 5, no. 3 (September 1, 2005): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5345/jkic.2005.5.3.109.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Gaisin, Al F., R. R. Kayumov, А. I. Kuputdinova, and R. R. Mardanov. "Plasma-liquid recycling of metal powder for 3D printing." Physics and Chemistry of Materials Treatment 1 (2023): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30791/0015-3214-2023-1-37-44.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The limits and prospects of plasma-liquid recycling of EOS StainlessSteel PH1 powder by processing products made by selective laser melting (SLM) on an Electro Optical Systems (EOS) 3D printer were studied. The current-voltage characteristics (CVC), types and forms of combustion of gas-discharge plasma in the process of processing products of additive manufacturing have been studied. Microphotographs of the powder were obtained by scanning electron microscopy, and the elemental and granulometric composition of the obtained powders were determined. It has been established that plasma-liquid recycling makes it possible to obtain metalic powders for the 3D printing in range from 10 to 120 microns by size.

Moen, Monica, Terje Halvorsen, Knut Mørk, and Sjur Velken. "Recycling of silicon metal powder from industrial powder waste streams." Metal Powder Report 72, no. 3 (May 2017): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mprp.2016.04.005.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Klishchenko, V. P., and A. B. Lurie. "Recycling tires and obtaining a new binder for roads Powder based Rubber Powder RKL 2020." Okhrana truda i tekhnika bezopasnosti na promyshlennykh predpriyatiyakh (Labor protection and safety procedure at the industrial enterprises), no. 9 (September 11, 2020): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pro-4-2009-11.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The problem of recycling worn-out rubbers has a great environmental pollution due to its high resistance to external factors. Also rubbers have a high fire hazard, and the products of their combustion have an extremely harmful effect on human health and the environment. The article presents a unique technology for producing a chemically active rubber powder Rubber Powder RKL 2020 by recycling used car tires.

Lucignano, Carmine, and Fabrizio Quadrini. "New Technological Solutions for Recycling Spent Tire Rubber." International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering 2, no. 1 (January 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmmme.2012010101.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

To recycle spent tires, the combination of powder comminution and compression molding of resulting powders (without virgin rubber or linking agent) is an efficient solution to produce rubber components with good mechanical properties. Previous studies showed the feasibility of this recycling technology but new efforts are necessary to increase the rubber part size and complexity as well as to find new industrial applications. In this study, some important technological aspects of direct powder molding have been analyzed for the first time: the ability of giving a complex shape to the rubber part or performing secondary works to improve aesthetics and functions.

Matsuo, Yoshio, Toshitaka Hashimoto, Fumiaki Nakao, and Takeshi Watanabe. "Recycling of High Frequency Type Ferrite Powder." Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 49, no. 2 (2002): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.49.100.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Stepnov, A. V., I. V. Belyaev, V. E. Bazhenov, A. A. Pavlov, and A. V. Kireev. "Recycling of alumina powder after plasma spraying." NOVYE OGNEUPORY (NEW REFRACTORIES), no. 4 (September 16, 2020): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1683-4518-2020-4-24-27.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Powder recycling":

Hakim, Weam. "Recycling waste mineral powders in new sustainable pavement solutions." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The use of waste materials in the construction of pavements is a growing field due to the environmental and economic benefits. Previous research identifies aluminosilicates as minerals present in construction waste and mine tailings, they are potential candidates for geopolymer production. In this thesis basalt powder was chosen for the geopolymerization procedure and the fabrication of novel artificial aggregates utilizing 3D printed moulds. An experimental investigation is carried out to evaluate the utilization of the created geopolymeric artificial aggregates as a pavement microsurfacing. The product's strength, soundness, durability, skid resistance, and lastly the texture of the microsurfacings are examined. The performance of artificial aggregates is compared to that of other materials, and the strengths and weaknesses are identified.

Perry, Justin. "Powder Recycling for the Production of Pin Fin Heat Sinks by Cold Gas Dynamic Spray." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38392.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

As a result of the rise in processing power demands of today’s personal computers, water cooled pin fin heat sinks are increasingly being employed for the cooling of graphical processing units. Currently, these high performance devices are manufactured through high-cost, high-waste processes. In recent years, a new solution has emerged using the cold gas dynamic spray process, in which pin fins are directly manufactured onto a baseplate by spraying metallic powder particles through a mask. This process allows for a high degree of adaptability to different graphics processing unit shapes and sizes not achievable by any other process to date. One drawback of this process is that, as substrate sensitivity to heat and mechanical residual stresses requires the use of reduced spray parameters, there is reduced deposition efficiency, resulting in a fair portion of the feedstock powder being wasted. This work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of using powder recycling to mitigate this issue and compares coatings sprayed with reclaimed powder to their counterparts sprayed with as-received powder. The work demonstrates that cold gas dynamic spray is a highly flexible and economically competitive process for the production of pin fin heat sinks when using powder recycling even when spray parameters result in reduced deposition efficiency. The benefits of pin fins on heat transfer properties of flat plates used for graphical processing units is briefly addressed and demonstrated

Liang, Li. "Recycling of concrete waste with wood waste through heating compaction." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-275674.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Concrete, as primary building material, is widely used in most construction project. For this reason, large amounts of concrete waste were generated from construction and demolition. One way to reuse concrete waste is to use it as backfill material for landfilling and road bases. While the demand for backfill material is decreasing as the basic infrastructure construction gradually completes. Another way to reuse concrete waste is to grind it and use it as aggregate in casting new concrete. However, the reuse as aggregate for casting concrete requires large amount of cement. It is unsustainable because the production of cement causes significant amounts of carbon dioxide emission. How to deal with the concrete waste in a sustainable way is presently an urgent issue. Powder compaction is a new approach to completely recycle concrete waste in an environmentally friendly way. This new method was studied in the Sakai lab of the Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo. The process consists of crushing and milling concrete waste into a fine powder, filling the powder into moulds and compacting it under high pressure. By this process concrete waste powder can be turned into a solid concrete with mechanical properties so that it has potentials to be used again as a building material. Data from previous studies show that the compacted concrete waste can reach strength for construction but the required compaction pressure is quite high. Wood flour can be added in compaction for improving tensile strength and reducing compaction pressure. Lignin is a wood substance that melts under high temperature, fills gaps and improves bonding between particles. Cellulose from the wood substance functions as fibres which improves tensile strength. Wood waste from production of timber building materials, furniture and other wooden products also forms a larger quantities. Recycling of concrete waste with wooden waste through heating compaction is a potentially sustainable method. This Master thesis presents research on the effect from different production conditions on the bending strength of recycled concrete waste with wood waste through heating compaction. The condition factors studied were compaction duration, compaction pressure, concrete proportion, mixture percentage, temperature and particle size of wood flour. To enhance the water resistance of this recycled product, different water resistance treatments were discussed theoretically. The independence of production condition factors was analysed using a statistic method. Results indicated that within a certain range, an increase in compaction duration, compaction pressure, the percentage of wood waste and temperature improves the bending strength of the recycled products. Using smaller particle size of wood flour cannot improve compaction but contribute to give higher bending strength. The mechanical properties of these recycled products suggest application as non-bearing building material, such as decoration tiles and bricks for partition walls. The application as a structural material is expected in the future as improvement treatments are discovered.

Lee, Patrick Seo Thin. "A feasibility study of a recycled paper scoop, a dosing device for synthetic powder laundry detergents /." Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11592.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

PEREIRA, LUIZ A. T. "Desenvolvimento de processos de reciclagem de cavacos de Zircaloy via refusão em forno elétrico a arco e metalurgia do pó." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2014. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/23302.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2015-01-21T10:18:45Z No. of bitstreams: 0
Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-21T10:18:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Vijayan, Vineesh. "Recycling alkali-activated powders for the production of lightweight aggregates for pavement applications." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The objective of this thesis is to create an innovative approach to the development of flexible pavements with the use of synthetic aggregates for the production of porous layers. The synthetic aggregates are produced by the alkali-activation process. The potential application of artificial aggregates in the pavement, paves a way to reduce the use of natural materials to certain extends. This also helps to utilize the increasing growth of waste by-products generated from different kinds of industries. Furthermore, in this research the conventional Bitumen for asphalt concrete was substituted with a transparent binder. Hence this will hope to decrease the impact of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide which are emitted from the production of traditional mixtures with Bitumen in the road industry. The first part of experimental phase includes the recipe of making the geopolymer aggregates. The precursors concerned with this production are basalt powder and metakaolin. These powders are activated by the mixture of reagents such as Sodium hydroxide and Sodium Silicate. After discovering the optimum percentage of each precursors and solid-liquid ratio, the productions of synthetic lightweight aggregates start. The next experimental phase involves the Mix design and characterization of a porous mixture. In this part, it has been decided to replace the natural white aggregates by 21% with the synthetic lightweight aggregates to form a semi-porous pavement design as per the European Standards. This design also replaces the traditional bitumen with a transparent binder named ‘EVIzero-28’ which is a synthetic binder used to produce eco-friendly asphalt. After the selection of mix design, the samples are produced to find out the optimum percentage of transparent binder content. Once it gets, then the samples are prepared for the further experimental phases like testing as per European Standards.

Lundgren, Gustav Müller. "Design parameters for powder removal from crushed glass in a gravity separator." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4430.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Mercury is one of the most dangerous elements that exist on this earth and can cause serious damage to both humans and nature. Therefore it is crucial that it does not get spread out in the environment but is recycled in a safe manner when used in consumer products. Fluorescence lamps that are coated with mercury contaminated fluorescence powder still exist today. Therefore it is crucial that the mercury contaminated fluorescence powder is separated from the glass so the fluorescence powder can be reused and the mercury can be sent to final deposal. This thesis has been done as a compulsory part of the program Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering at Blekinge Institute of Technology and in collaboration with MRT System International AB. The purpose of this thesis was to develop a prototype of a gravitational separation unit to separate fluorescence powder from the glass on fluorescents light trying to increase the efficiency of the separation process at MRT. The work began by making a detailed project plan to get an overview of the different parts of the thesis and how they should be implemented. A requirement specification was made as a ground to make sure that the developed prototype would meet the requirements set for the prototype. After the requirement specification had been made a study of air classifiers began to get a perception of the alternatives that are offered today and to see how they work. Research was made to get ideas and a better knowledge of the different methods of separating two different materials. The information collected from the study formed the basis of the different concept proposals that was been generated. Tools were then used to decide which of the concepts that later would become the final one to be built. When the prototype was built, measurements were made to see how efficient the separation was.
Kvicksilver är ett av de farligaste ämnena som finns på jorden och kan orsaka stor skada på både människor och i naturen. Därför är det viktigt att det inte sprids i naturen utan återvinns på ett säkert sätt då det används till exempel i konsumtionsprodukter. Lampor som innehåller kvicksilverkontaminerat lyspulver används fortafarande. Det är därför vitkigt att separera det kvicksilverkontaminerade ljuspulvret från glaset så att lyspulvret kan återanvändas och kvicksilvret kan skickas till slutförvaring. Examensarbetet är en obligatorisk del av programmet Civilingenjör i Maskinteknik på Blekinge Tekniska högskola och har gjorts i samarbete med MRT System International AB. Arbetet syftar till att ta fram en prototyp av en separationsutrustning som använder luft och gravitation för att separera lyspulver från glaskrosset från lysrör och få en mer effektiv separationsprocess hos MRT. Examensarbetet började med att ta fram en genomgående projektplan för att få en bra översikt över vilka delar projektet ska innehålla samt hur de ska genomföras. En kravspecifikation baserad på MRTs önskemål upprättades och låg senare till grund för den prototyp som togs fram och testades. När kravspecifikationen hade upprättats började en teoristudie för att få en uppfattning om vad det redan fanns för alternativ på marknaden idag och hur de fungerade. Detta gjordes för att få en idéer och för att få bättre kunskap på de olika metoderna när man separerar två olika material. Information som togs fram under studien låg sedan till grund för de koncept som har genererats. Olika verktyg användes sedan för att bestämma vilket koncept som skulle bli det slutgiltiga och resultera i en färdig prototyp. När prototypen var utvecklad utfördes tester för att kunna mäta hur effektivt prototypen separerade de två materialen.

Delforge, Daniel Yvan Martin. "Cavaco de um aço inoxidavel austenitico reciclado por metalurgia do po : uma rota alternativa para o reaproveitamento de materiais metalicos." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264910.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Orientador: Itamar Ferreira
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T17:32:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Delforge_DanielYvanMartin_D.pdf: 7860785 bytes, checksum: cfeec7bdb2d7e68eb7898036f0fb0ac0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: A reutilização dos materiais recicláveis tem como principais objetivos, minimizar os impactos ambientais e racionalizar a utilização das cadeias energéticas. No presente trabalho foram compactadas e sinterizadas amostras de mistura de cavaco de aço inoxidável austenítico AISI 316L, com pó do mesmo material. A porcentagem de cavaco variou de zero a 25% em peso, de 5 em 5%. Após a compactação, na pressão de 600MPa, as amostras foram sinterizadas, simultaneamente, na temperatura de 1473K. O comportamento mecânico do produto final foi avaliado através de Ensaios de Ruptura Transversal, recomendados e normalizados pela MPIF - Metal Powder Industries Federation e pela ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials. As análises foram realizadas por Metalografia Convencional, associada à microscopia eletrônica de varredura nas amostras sinterizadas, resultaram em regiões de intensa difusão, portanto, regiões de sinterização de longo alcance. A resistência mecânica dos corpos-de-prova foi comparada com a resistência mecânica do aço inoxidável sinterizado, sem cavaco, determinado através do Módulo de Ruptura (MOR). A média máxima do MOR das amostras sem cavaco, foi de 457 MPa; com 5% de cavaco, de 358 MPa e com 25% de cavaco, 174MPa. Os resultados alcançados mostraram significativos valores, demonstrando ser esta uma rota alternativa para a reciclagem de cavaco de materiais metálicos, aliado à racionalização da utilização de energia e benefícios para o meio ambiente
Abstract: In the present work, samples of the mixture of 316-stainless steel chip and its powder have been sinterized. The chip weight percentage, in this particular case, has varied from zero to 25%, in increments of 5. After having been compacted under a pressure of 600MPa, all the samples were simultaneously sinterized in just one furnace batch under a temperature of 1473K. The mechanical behavior of the final product was assessed through the assays of transversal rupture test as recommended and regulated by Metal Powder Industries Federation - MPIF and by American Society for Testing and Materials ¿ ASTM. Analyses of these sinterized samples carried out by conventional quantitative metallography show areas of intense diffusion, therefore, areas of long sintered range. The mechanical strength of the assayed samples was compared to those made of sintered stainless steel, without chip. The Modulus of Rupture (MOR) achieved for samples wich contain 5%, 25% of chip and without chip were respectively 358MPa, 174MPa and 457MPa. The results achieved have overcome the expectations and there are strong evidences of the feasibility of this procedure
Doutorado
Materiais e Processos de Fabricação
Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica

Pattis, Reto. "Utilisation des polyuréthanes recyclés comme substitut des colles PMDI dans la production des panneaux dérivés bois." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10030/document.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

La poudre de polyuréthane à base de déchets de mousse de polyuréthane a des capacités de liant classique sous certaines conditions. Ceci est très intéressant du point de vue écologique car cela permet de rallonger le cycle de vie du polyuréthane et d’économiser le premier substituant de la colle classique qui est produit à partir de 100% de matière première. Le but de cette étude était d’améliorer l’application de la poudre de polyuréthane, comme substituant de la colle pMDI, dans la production des panneaux OSB. Une importante partie de ce travail était de mieux comprendre la réactivation de la poudre de polyuréthane et les conditions nécessaires pour que la poudre puisse fonctionner de façon optimale. Des résultats de recherche ont montré que l’uréthane est dégradé à une température de 165°C en groupements d’isocyanate et de polyols. La formation d’isocyanate à pu être démontrée par plusieurs méthodes. Le savoir a été généré dans des laboratoires et confirmé avec des essais pratiques sur des lignes industrielles. Un des objectifs principaux de ce travail était de baisser la température de décomposition de la poudre de polyuréthane à un niveau suffisamment bas pour que la poudre puisse être utilisée non seulement dans les couches externes mais aussi dans la couche médiane du panneau. Dans la première phase de ce travail la poudre de polyuréthane sans additifs a été analysée. Ensuite une sélection entre différents catalyseurs utilisés dans la production de mousse de polyuréthane a été effectuée. Pour pouvoir quantifier la capacité du catalyseur une machine permettant de produire des disques à base de polyuréthane pur a été développée. Cette machine a fourni la base pour pouvoir sélectionner le catalyseur le plus performant. Ainsi cette machine donne à l’entreprise Mobius Technologies une très bonne et simple solution pour déterminer les propriétés de la poudre de polyuréthane traitée ou non traitée et pour en déterminer la qualité. Enfin, les résultats de la recherche ont pu être mis en application à l’échelle industrielle sur des lignes industrielles d’OSB chez les entreprises Kronoply, Kronofrance et chez un producteur d’outre-mer qui reste anonyme dans ce document pour des raisons de discrétion liée à l’entreprise Mobius Technologies. Il a été possible de baisser la température de décomposition de la poudre jusqu’à 147°C, grâce au catalyseur employé. L’objectif de 120°C comme température de décomposition n’a donc pas été atteint
The polyurethane powder based on recycled material or polyurethane slab stocks shows bonding properties under certain circumstances. This is interesting from the ecological point of view, because the product life cycle of the polyurethane is prolonged. In addition to that the powder can be used as substitute for standard adhesives which are produced on 100% non renewable recourses. The goal of this project was the improvement of the application of polyurethane powder, as substitute of pMDI-adhesives, which are used in the production of OSB boards. One mayor aspect of the study was the understanding of the reactivation of the polyurethane powder and to find out the conditions for an optimized use of the powder. The results of the research demonstrated that at the degradation temperature of about 165°C the urethane bond is decomposed in to isocyanates and polyols, which is already well known in polyurethane chemistry. The reverse reaction to polyurethanes could be proved by several methods. This was than in lab scale and also under industrial conditions. The main objective of the present study was to lower the activation temperature of the polyurethane powder as pMDI adhesive substitute in the core and the surface layer of wood based panels. In the start-up phase the polyurethane powder was used an analysed without any additives. Later on a selection of different typical polyurethane catalysts were used. To quantify the efficiency of different catalysts a special machine was constructed. This new developed machine provided us with the results to select the most performing catalyst. In addition this machine was used as an easy and efficient quality control tool of Mobius Technologies. The results were used to apply the polyurethane powder on industrial production units of Kronoply (Germany), Kronofrance (France) and unstated OSB-producer in overseas. It was possible to lower the activation temperature by the use of a catalyst to about 147°C. The ambitious intent to reach a temperature of 120°C was not achieved

Pereira, Luiz Alberto Tavares. "Desenvolvimento de processos de reciclagem de cavacos de Zircaloy via refusão em forno elétrico a arco e metalurgia do pó." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-27052014-090225/.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Reatores PWR empregam, como combustível nuclear, pastilhas de UO2 acondicionadas em tubos de ligas de zircônio, chamados de encamisamento. Na sua fabricação são gerados cavacos de usinagem que não podem ser descartados, pois a reciclagem deste material é estratégica quanto aos aspectos de tecnologia nuclear, econômicos e ambientais. As ligas nucleares têm altíssimo custo e não são produzidas no Brasil, sendo importadas para a fabricação do combustível nuclear. Neste trabalho são abordados dois métodos para reciclar os cavacos de Zircaloy. No primeiro, os cavacos foram fundidos utilizando um forno elétrico a arco para obter lingotes. O segundo usa a técnica da metalurgia do pó, onde os cavacos foram submetidos à hidretação e o pó resultante foi moído e isostaticamente prensado e, a seguir, sinterizado a vácuo. A composição química, as fases presentes e a dureza no material foram determinadas. Os lingotes foram tratados termicamente e laminados, sendo que as microestruturas foram caracterizadas por microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura. Os resultados para ambos os métodos mostraram que a composição do Zircaloy reciclado cumpre as especificações químicas e apresentaram microestrutura adequada para uso nuclear. Os bons resultados do método de metalurgia do pó sugerem a possibilidade de produzir pequenas peças, como as tampas do encamisamento - end-caps, usando a sinterização no formato quase final (near net shape).
PWR reactors employ, as nuclear fuel, UO2 pellets with Zircaloy clad. In the fabrication of fuel element parts, machining chips from the alloys are generated. As the Zircaloy chips cannot be discarded as ordinary metallic waste, the recycling of this material is important for the Brazilian Nuclear Policy, which targets the reprocess of Zircaloy residues for economic and environmental aspects. This work presents two methods developed in order to recycle Zircaloy chips. In one of the methods, Zircaloy machining chips were refused using an electric-arc furnace to obtain small laboratory ingots. The second one uses powder metallurgy techniques, where the chips were submitted to hydriding process and the resulting material was milled, isostatically pressed and vacuum sintered. The ingots were heat-treated by vacuum annealing. The microstructures resulting from both processing methods were characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopies. Chemical composition, crystal phases and hardness were also determined. The results showed that the composition of recycled Zircaloy comply with the chemical specifications and presented adequate microstructure for nuclear use. The good results of the powder metallurgy method suggest the possibility of producing small parts, like cladding end-caps, using near net shape sintering.

Більше джерел

Книги з теми "Powder recycling":

Zhao, Guangjin. Reuse and Recycling of Lithium-Ion Power Batteries. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119321866.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Morozov, S. I. Mashinist pressovykh ustanovok dli͡a︡ pererabotki metalloloma. Moskva: "Metallurgii͡a︡", 1988.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Alberta. Energy Resources Conservation Board. Southview Fibre Tech Ltd. wood waste power plant. Calgary, Alta: Energy Resources Conservation Board, 1988.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

New York State Energy Research and Development Authority. Research projects' update. [Albany, N.Y]: The Authority, 1992.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Fix, Alexandra. Energy. Chicago, Ill: Heinemann Library, 2007.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Lewowicki, Stanisław. Analiza możliwości wykorzystania wybranych surowców wtórnych i odpadowych przemysłu papierniczego, drzewnego i energetycznego. Częstochowa: Wydaw. Politechniki Częstochowskiej, 1997.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Sean, Connolly. Money and credit. Mankato, Minn: Smart Apple Media, 2011.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Kaisha, Kawatetsu Tekuno Risāchi Kabushiki. Heisei 14-nendo zairyō, nanoteku kanren shisaku no gijutsu, sangyō, shakai e no inpakuto ni kansuru chōsa hōkokusho. [Tokyo]: Kawatetsu Tekuno Risāchi Kabushiki Kaisha, 2003.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

New York State Energy Research and Development Authority., Albany (N Y. ), and Landfill Technologies Inc, eds. Albany interim landfill gas extraction and mobile power system: Using landifll [i.e. landfill] gas to produce electricity : final report. Albany, N.Y: NYSERDA, 1997.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Forsythe, Jan. 3 R's of nuclear power: Reading, recycling, reprocessing : making a better tomorrow for little Joe. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse, 2009.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Більше джерел

Частини книг з теми "Powder recycling":

Shimizu, Toru, Kotarou Hanada, Satoru Adachi, Masahito Katoh, Kanichi Hatsukano, and Kunio Matsuzaki. "Recycling of Stainless Steel Grinding Sludge." In Progress in Powder Metallurgy, 997–1000. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-419-7.997.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Marins, E. M., E. F. Lucena, F. P. Santos, Élson de Campos, M. Zacharias, and J. A. J. Rodrigues. "Recycling of Silicon Carbide and Corn Starch as Binder Originating from Commercial Starch Consolidation." In Advanced Powder Technology IV, 425–29. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-984-9.425.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Nik Hassan, Nik Fakhuruddin, Cik Norhazrin Che Hamzah, Revathi Rajan, and Yusmazura Zakaria. "Recycling of Nanosilica Powder from Bamboo Leaves and Rice Husks for Forensic Applications." In Waste Recycling Technologies for Nanomaterials Manufacturing, 295–323. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68031-2_11.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Hoyer, Stefan, and Lothar Kroll. "Material Recycling of End-of-Life Tires: The Influence of Recyclates on the Processing of Rubber Compounds." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 273–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28839-5_31.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

AbstractThe paper focuses on the recycling of end-of-life tires (ELTs) by admixing ELT recyclates to rubber compounds. It deals with the physical and chemical interactions resulting from the admixture of finely ground powder from end-of-life tires to a sulfur-cured rubber compound. Using exemplary rubber recipes, the effects of viscosity increase, accelerated crosslinking and stiffness decrease are quantified and the underlying reasons are explained.

Bhouri, Mariem, and Foued Mzali. "Study of Al 2017 Alloy Prepared by Recycling Method via Powder Metallurgy Route." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 9–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24247-3_2.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Bouchard, David, Thomas Sanchez, Luca Sorelli, and David Conciatori. "Development of Eco-Efficient UHPC and UHPFRC by Recycling Granite Waste Powder (GWP)." In RILEM Bookseries, 903–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83719-8_77.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Contrafatto, Loredana, Daniele Calderoni, Salvatore Gazzo, and Enrico Bernardo. "Recycling Volcanic Ash and Glass Powder in the Production of Alkali Activated Materials." In Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2022, 47–55. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8769-4_5.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Parucker, M. L., and César Edil da Costa. "Study of the Recycling Grey Cast Iron Swarf by Powder Metallurgy: An Alternative for the Development of New Materials." In Materials Science Forum, 3–9. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-423-5.3.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Hashimoto, Koji. "Nuclear Power Generation." In Global Carbon Dioxide Recycling, 37–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8584-1_7.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Deschamps, J., A. Tagnit-Hamou, B. Fournier, and B. Amor. "Chapter 6. Assessing the Environmental Benefits of Using Glass Powder as a Supplementary Cementitious Material in a Context of Open-loop Recycling." In Life Cycle Assessment, 134–52. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788016209-00134.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Powder recycling":

Weinmann, Sandra, and Christian Bonten. "Recycling of PA12 powder for selective laser sintering." In FRACTURE AND DAMAGE MECHANICS: Theory, Simulation and Experiment. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0029945.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Stanziola, Michele, Claudiney Sales Pereira Mendonça, Mirian de Lourdes Noronha Motta Melo, Gilbert Silva, Bruno Gonçalves Andrade, and Valesca Oliveira. "Recycling of duplex steel through of powder metallurgy with isostatic compaction." In 24th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2017.cob17-2846.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Perry, J., P. Richer, B. Jodoin, and E. Matte. "Pin Fin Array Heat Sinks by Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing: Economics of Powder Recycling." In ITSC2018, edited by F. Azarmi, K. Balani, H. Li, T. Eden, K. Shinoda, T. Hussain, F. L. Toma, Y. C. Lau, and J. Veilleux. ASM International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2018p0179.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Abstract As a result of the rise in processing power demands of today’s personal computers, water cooled pin fin heat sinks are increasingly being employed for the cooling of graphical processing units. Currently, these high performance devices are manufactured through high-cost, high-waste processes. In recent years, a new solution has emerged using the cold gas dynamic spray process, in which pin fins are directly manufactured onto a base plate by spraying metallic powder particles through a mask. This process allows for a high degree of adaptability to different graphics processing unit shapes and sizes not achievable by any other process to date. One drawback of this new additive manufacturing process is reduced deposition efficiency, resulting in a fair portion of the feedstock powder being wasted as substrate sensitivity to heat and mechanical residual stresses requires the use of reduced spray parameters. This work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of using powder recycling to mitigate this issue and compares coatings sprayed with reclaimed powder to their counterparts sprayed with as-received powder. In so doing, cold gas dynamic spray is shown to be a highly flexible and economically competitive process for the production of pin fin heat sinks even when spray parameters result in reduced deposition efficiency.

Guo, Deliang, Bertrand Jodoin, and Ruben Fernandez. "Economic Potential of Cold Spraying MCrAlY Coatings: Use of Nitrogen and Feasibility of Powder Recycling." In ITSC2019, edited by F. Azarmi, K. Balani, H. Koivuluoto, Y. Lau, H. Li, K. Shinoda, F. Toma, J. Veilleux, and C. Widener. ASM International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2019p0037.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Abstract In this study, nitrogen is employed rather than helium to cold spray MCrAlY coatings at relatively low process settings. Recycling of the non-deposited particles during the spray is also explored, and the characteristics and cold sprayability of recycled powder are compared with that of as-received feedstock powder. The resulting MCrAlY coatings from the two powders, though different thicknesses, show similar dense microstructures, low oxide inclusion, and smooth surface finish, all of which contribute to improved oxidation behavior.

Bras, Bert, and Tina Guldberg. "Environmental Implications of Recycling Scrap Tire Material into Ultra Fine Rubber Powder." In SAE 2012 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-1051.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Kencanawati, Ni Nyoman, Miko Eniarti, and Dedi A. Alfarizi. "The role of recycling waste powder as a sustainable concrete manufacturing material." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (ICoBE 2021). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0112490.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Al Amin, Mohammad Aman Ullah, Yiran Yang, Md Humaun Kobir, and Lei Di. "Experimental Study of Microscopic Morphology and Material Property for Recycled Polyamide 12 Powder in Selective Laser Sintering." In ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-85618.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Abstract Selective laser sintering has become one of the most popular additive manufacturing technologies owing to its great capability of fabricating complex structures with reduced or even eliminated need for the support structure. Meanwhile, an average of 50% to 70% of the consumed powder materials is not directly used for part fabrication. To reduce material waste and enhance material usage efficiency, research studies have been conducted to facilitate the recycling and/or reusing of the waste powder in selective laser sintering. In this research, polyamide 12 powders are studied including virgin powder, waste powder, recycled powder, and mixed powder (with a 30% refresh rate) in terms of their microscopic morphology and material properties. In addition, the location of the powder sampled from the build chamber is also studied for its impact on the powder size and shape. Experimental results show that the average particle size does not change much in different samples, but the standard deviation increases in waste powder. Furthermore, the averaged ultimate tensile strength of test specimens fabricated with virgin powder is around 25% higher than specimens made with mixed powder (30% virgin powder and 70% recycled powder), showing a clear mechanical degradation.

Mojib, Melody, Rishi Pahuja, M. Ramulu, and Dwayne Arola. "High Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Recycled Additive Manufactured Electron Beam Melted Titanium Ti6Al4V." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24194.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Abstract Metal Additive Manufacturing (AM) has become a popular method for producing complex and unique geometries, especially gaining traction in the aerospace and medical industries. With the increase in adoption of AM and the high cost of powder, it is critical to understand the effects of powder recycling on part performance to move towards material qualification and certification of affordable printed components. Due to the limitations of the Electron Beam Melting (EBM) process, current as-printed components are susceptible to failure at limits far below wrought metals and further understanding of the material properties and fatigue life is required. In this study, a high strength Titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V, is recycled over time and used to print fatigue specimens using the EBM process. Uniaxial High Cycle Fatigue tests have been performed on as-printed and polished cylindrical specimens and the locations of crack initiation and propagation have been determined through the use of a scanning electron microscope. This investigation has shown that the rough surface exterior is far more detrimental to performance life than the powder degradation occurring due to powder reuse. In addition, the effects of the rough surface exterior as a stress concentration is evaluated using the Arola-Ramulu. The following is a preliminary study of the effects powder recycling and surface treatments on EBM Ti-6Al4V fatigue life.

Garg, Richie, Harish Singh Dhami, Priti Ranjan Panda, and Koushik Viswanathan. "Directed Energy Deposition Using Non-Spherical Metal Powders?" In ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-84945.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Abstract Metal additive manufacturing (AM) enables the production of non-trivial geometries and intricate internal structures. Directed energy deposition (DED) is one such AM process that has the inherent advantage of producing multi-material components on complex pre-existing geometries. Significant recent interest in DED processes has been driven by the need for inexpensive powders and potential material recycling. In this work, we explore the possibility of using non-standard arbitrary shaped metal powders within the DED process. A standard numerical model, comprising a three-dimensional viscous, compressible, turbulent solver with two-way discrete phase coupling is employed to understand the mechanics of gas-driven non-spherical powder flow. Spatial distributions of non-spherical powder on a set of pre-existing geometric features (e.g., corners, curved surfaces) are evaluateds and compared with standard spherical powders. The effect of particle collisions on the substrate is evaluated and corresponding density distributions are quantified. Non-spherical particles are generally found to exhibit higher velocities, and greater deposition track width, compared to spherical particles. Our simulations also reveal the effect of particle shape on their flow properties and final powder density. Using a custom-built DED configuration, we present preliminary experimental results of single-track depositions using both spherical and non-spherical powder particles. Based on our findings, we make a case for the use of non-spherical powders for DED applications.

Richter, P., W. Krömmer, and P. Heinrich. "Equipment Engineering and Process Control for Cold Spraying." In ITSC2002, edited by C. C. Berndt and E. Lugscheider. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2002p0375.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Abstract This paper provides an overview of the equipment used in cold gas spraying. It discusses the general design and operation of key components, including the nozzle, the control system, the gas heater, and powder feeder. It also describes a typical gas supply system, the recycling of helium, and the provisions for health and safety that are necessary in a spray booth. Paper includes a German-language abstract.

Звіти організацій з теми "Powder recycling":

Jacob, Gregor, Christopher U. Brown, M. Alkan Donmez, Stephanie S. Watson, and John Slotwinski. Effects of powder recycling on stainless steel powder and built material properties in metal powder bed fusion processes. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ams.100-6.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Chandrasekar, S., J. Coble, S. Yoder, P. Nandwana, R. Dehoff, V. Paquit, and S. Babu. Data for Investigating the effect of metal powder recycling in Electron beam Powder Bed Fusion using process log data - Data for Investigating the effect of metal powder recycling in Electron beam Powder Bed Fusion using process log data. University of Tennessee, Knoxville, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7290/kt6k64lji.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Berry, G. An open-cycle magnetohydrodynamic power plant with CO/sub 2/ recycling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6373310.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Reichmuth, David, Jessica Dunn, and Don Anair. Driving Cleaner: Electric Cars and Pickups Beat Gasoline on Lifetime Global Warming Emissions. Union of Concerned Scientists, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47923/2022.14657.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Passenger cars and trucks are one of the largest sources of global warming emissions in the US. Electric vehicles (EVs) have the potential to dramatically reduce these emissions, especially when charged by low-carbon renewable electricity. New UCS analysis finds that over its lifetime—from manufacturing to operation to disposal—the average new battery electric vehicle produces more than 50 percent less global warming pollution than a comparable gasoline or diesel vehicle. Based on the most recently available data on power plant emissions and EV sales, driving the average EV in the US produces global warming emissions equal to a gasoline vehicle that gets 91 miles per gallon. To speed climate benefits and to encourage more drivers to choose electric vehicles, the report recommends policy changes and investments to bring even more renewable energy onto the grid, develop robust battery recycling programs to help reduce manufacturing impacts, and make EVs more accessible and affordable.

Avis, William. Drivers, Barriers and Opportunities of E-waste Management in Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.016.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Population growth, increasing prosperity and changing consumer habits globally are increasing demand for consumer electronics. Further to this, rapid changes in technology, falling prices and consumer appetite for better products have exacerbated e-waste management challenges and seen millions of tons of electronic devices become obsolete. This rapid literature review collates evidence from academic, policy focussed and grey literature on e-waste management in Africa. This report provides an overview of constitutes e-waste, the environmental and health impacts of e-waste, of the barriers to effective e-waste management, the opportunities associated with effective e-waste management and of the limited literature available that estimate future volumes of e-waste. Africa generated a total of 2.9 million Mt of e-waste, or 2.5 kg per capita, the lowest regional rate in the world. Africa’s e-waste is the product of Local and imported Sources of Used Electronic and Electrical Equipment (UEEE). Challenges in e-waste management in Africa are exacerbated by a lack of awareness, environmental legislation and limited financial resources. Proper disposal of e-waste requires training and investment in recycling and management technology as improper processing can have severe environmental and health effects. In Africa, thirteen countries have been identified as having a national e-waste legislation/policy.. The main barriers to effective e-waste management include: Insufficient legislative frameworks and government agencies’ lack of capacity to enforce regulations, Infrastructure, Operating standards and transparency, illegal imports, Security, Data gaps, Trust, Informality and Costs. Aspirations associated with energy transition and net zero are laudable, products associated with these goals can become major contributors to the e-waste challenge. The necessary wind turbines, solar panels, electric car batteries, and other "green" technologies require vast amounts of resources. Further to this, at the end of their lifetime, they can pose environmental hazards. An example of e-waste associated with energy transitions can be gleaned from the solar power sector. Different types of solar power cells need to undergo different treatments (mechanical, thermal, chemical) depending on type to recover the valuable metals contained. Similar issues apply to waste associated with other energy transition technologies. Although e-waste contains toxic and hazardous metals such as barium and mercury among others, it also contains non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminium and precious metals such as gold and copper, which if recycled could have a value exceeding 55 billion euros. There thus exists an opportunity to convert existing e-waste challenges into an economic opportunity.