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Статті в журналах з теми "Prairie ecosystems"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Glass, Nicholas, Brenda Molano-Flores, Eduardo Dias de Oliveira, et al. "Does Pastoral Land-Use Legacy Influence Topsoil Carbon and Nitrogen Accrual Rates in Tallgrass Prairie Restorations?" Land 10, no. 7 (2021): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10070735.

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Restoration can recover degraded ecosystems and ecosystem services. However, effects of restoration on soil nutrient accrual are difficult to predict, partly because prior land use affects rates of soil nutrient recovery. In tallgrass prairie restorations, land-use legacy effects have not yet been quantified. We investigated topsoil carbon and nitrogen accrual within seven land-use histories: (1) row crop agriculture, (2) pasture, (3) pasture converted from row crops, (4) prairie restored from row crop, (5) prairie restored from old pasture, (6) bison prairie restored from pasture and row crop

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2

McLean, Kyle, David Mushet, and Jon Sweetman. "Climate and Land Use Driven Ecosystem Homogenization in the Prairie Pothole Region." Water 14, no. 19 (2022): 3106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14193106.

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The homogenization of freshwater ecosystems and their biological communities has emerged as a prevalent and concerning phenomenon because of the loss of ecosystem multifunctionality. The millions of prairie-pothole wetlands scattered across the Prairie Pothole Region (hereafter PPR) provide critical ecosystem functions at local, regional, and continental scales. However, an estimated loss of 50% of historical wetlands and the widespread conversion of grasslands to cropland make the PPR a heavily modified landscape. Therefore, it is essential to understand the current and potential future stres

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3

Struecker, Brock, Andrés Muñoz, Stanislaw Warcholek, Leigh Anne Harden, and Joseph Milanovich. "Home ranges of Ornate Box Turtles in remnant prairies in north-central Illinois." Reptiles & Amphibians 30, no. 1 (2023): e17963. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/randa.v30i1.17963.

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Habitat loss has been a primary driver of biodiversity declines throughout the United States. Native prairie ecosystems represent some of the most significant losses in land cover, and subsequently, prairie-dependent species are some of the most imperiled. Therefore, understanding the ecology of species remaining in remnant portions of these ecosystems is important to help manage their populations. Using radio-telemetry, we examined minimum convex polygon (MCP) and 95% kernel density (KD) home ranges of 20 (5 females, 15 males) Ornate Box Turtles (Terrapene ornata) inhabiting two remnant prair

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4

Cook, Tyson, and Tilottama Roy. "Harnessing Prairie Survey and Restoration Through Applied Learning: Insights From Research Done in Missouri Western State University’s John Rushin Teaching and Research Prairie." Journal of Applied Learning in Higher Education 10, Fall (2024): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.57186/jalhe_2024_v10a8p97-106.

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Prairie ecosystems, once expansive across North America, have faced significant degradation and fragmentation due to expanding agricultural development (World Wildlife Fund, 2023). Efforts to survey and restore prairies offer a unique opportunity for applied learning in environmental education. This paper explores the potential of prairie survey and restoration projects to enhance students' applied learning experiences and develop practical skills in ecological research, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable land management. Drawing upon interdisciplinary perspectives from ecology, educat

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5

Bizecki Robson, Diana, Cary Hamel, Rebekah Neufeld, and Barbara I. Bleho. "Habitat filtering influences plant–pollinator interactions in prairie ecosystems." Botany 97, no. 3 (2019): 204–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2018-0134.

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The xeric hypothesis is that bees are more abundant pollinators than anthophilous flies in dry, temperate biomes, and the habitat filtering hypothesis is that differences in the proportions will impact plant community composition because different pollinators favour different floral traits. However, few studies have examined the predictive value of these hypotheses. In particular, differences in plant–pollinator compositions within biomes, such as the Prairie Ecozone, have not been compared. We documented plant–pollinator interactions and plant abundance in three Canadian prairie types. Flower

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6

Steiner, Starks, Neel, et al. "Managing Tallgrass Prairies for Productivity and Ecological Function: A Long-Term Grazing Experiment in the Southern Great Plains, USA." Agronomy 9, no. 11 (2019): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9110699.

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The Great Plains of the USA is one of largest expanses of prairie ecosystems in the world. Prairies have been extensively converted to other land uses. The remaining prairie ecosystems are important for livestock grazing and provide benefits including habitat for avian, terrestrial, and aquatic species, carbon regulation, and hydrologic function. While producers, land management agencies, and some researchers have promoted livestock management using rotational stocking for increased production efficiency and enhanced ecosystem function, scientific literature has not provided a consensus on whe

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7

Megan Woller-Skar, M., Alexandra Locher, and Ellen M. Audia. "Carbon storage in rare ecosystems relative to their encroaching forests in western Lower Michigan." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (2024): e0305394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305394.

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Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are impacting global temperatures, ecological systems, and human societies. Natural carbon sequestration through the conservation of soil and native ecosystems may slow or reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere, and thus slow or mitigate the rate of global warming. Most of the research investigating carbon sequestration in natural systems occurs in forested ecosystems, however rare ecosystems such as coastal plain marshes and wet-mesic sand prairie collectively may serve as significant carbon sinks. Our objectives were to measure and assess the impo

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8

Lau, Jennifer A., Susan M. Magnoli, Chad R. Zirbel, and Lars A. Brudvig. "The Limits to Adaptation in Restored Ecosystems and How Management Can Help Overcome Them." Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 104, no. 3 (2019): 441–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3417/2019430.

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Adaptation drives the diversity of form and function observed in nature and is key to population persistence. Yet, adaptation can be limited by a lack of genetic variation, trade-offs, small population size, and constraints imposed by coevolving interacting species. These limits may be particularly important to the colonizing populations in restored ecosystems, such as native prairies restored through seed sowing. Here, we discuss how constraints to adaptation are likely to play out in restored prairie ecosystems and how management decisions, such as seed mix composition, prescribed fire, and

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9

Tlusty, B., P. van Berkum, and P. H. Graham. "Characteristics of the rhizobia associated with Dalea spp. in the Ordway, Kellogg–Weaver Dunes, and Hayden prairies." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 51, no. 1 (2005): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w04-107.

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Habitat fragmentation affects the biodiversity and function of aboveground organisms in natural ecosystems but has not been studied for effects on belowground species. In this paper, we consider the diversity of the rhizobia associated with the indigenous legume Dalea purpurea in 3 residual prairie areas in Minnesota and Iowa. Using Dalea purpurea as a trap host, 218 rhizobia were recovered from these soils then characterized using BOXA1R PCR. Three major and 13 minor groups were distinguished based on a similarity of greater than 75% in fingerprint patterns. Each major group consisted almost

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10

DeLuca, Thomas H., and Catherine A. Zabinski. "Prairie ecosystems and the carbon problem." Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 9, no. 7 (2011): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/100063.

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11

Weltz, Laura, Gary Frasier, and Mark Weltz. "Hydrologic Responses of Shortgrass Prairie Ecosystems." Journal of Range Management 53, no. 4 (2000): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4003751.

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12

Thiessen Martens, Joanne. "Restoring social and ecological relationships in the agroecosystems of Canada's prairie region." Outlook on Agriculture 51, no. 1 (2022): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00307270221077356.

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Ecosystem restoration is proposed as one aspect of the transformative changes required to meet global sustainability goals. In the prairie region of Canada, where the widespread and relatively recent conversion of natural ecosystems to farmland displaced Indigenous peoples and made way for a thriving agricultural sector, I propose that ecosystem restoration requires two intertwined transition processes: reorienting worldviews to embrace the social and biophysical contexts of local ecosystems, and taking practical steps to restore ecosystem functioning and integrity. Attention to ecosystem func

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13

DeKeyser, Edward S., Lauren A. Dennhardt, and John Hendrickson. "Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) Invasion in the Northern Great Plains: A Story of Rapid Dominance in an Endangered Ecosystem." Invasive Plant Science and Management 8, no. 3 (2015): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-14-00069.1.

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AbstractKentucky bluegrass was introduced into the present-day United States in the 1600s. Since that time, Kentucky bluegrass has spread throughout the United States and Canada becoming prolific in some areas. In the past century, Kentucky bluegrass has been a presence and often a dominant species in some prairies in the Northern Great Plains. Sometime within the past few decades, Kentucky bluegrass has become the most-common species on the untilled, native prairie sites of much of North and South Dakota. In this article, we hypothesize how Kentucky bluegrass has come to dominate one of the m

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14

Whitehill, Andrew R., Ingrid George, Russell Long, Kirk R. Baker, and Matthew Landis. "Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Prescribed Burning in Tallgrass Prairie Ecosystems." Atmosphere 10, no. 8 (2019): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10080464.

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Prescribed pasture burning plays a critical role in ecosystem maintenance in tallgrass prairie ecosystems and may contribute to agricultural productivity but can also have negative impacts on air quality. Volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations were measured immediately downwind of prescribed tallgrass prairie fires in the Flint Hills region of Kansas, United States. The VOC mixture is dominated by alkenes and oxygenated VOCs, which are highly reactive and can drive photochemical production of ozone downwind of the fires. The computed emission factors are comparable to those previous me

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15

Gifford, Marlene, and Rafael Otfinowski. "Landscape Disturbances Impact Affect the Distribution and Abundance of Exotic Grasses in Northern Fescue Prairies." Invasive Plant Science and Management 6, no. 4 (2013): 577–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-13-00023.1.

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AbstractThe presence of landscape disturbances increases the establishment of exotic plants inside natural areas. Here, we examine the effect of human disturbances to prairie landscapes on the distribution and abundance of Kentucky bluegrass and smooth brome, exotic grasses that threaten the integrity of prairie ecosystems throughout the northern Great Plains. Using plant inventory data from Riding Mountain National Park in Manitoba, Canada, we investigated how roads, trails, and the intensity of historic livestock grazing affect the distribution and abundance of exotic grasses. On the basis o

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16

Portillo-Quintero, Carlos, Blake Grisham, David Haukos, et al. "Trends in Lesser Prairie-Chicken Habitat Extent and Distribution on the Southern High Plains." Remote Sensing 14, no. 15 (2022): 3780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14153780.

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The lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) is a species of prairie grouse that occupies grassland ecosystems in the Southern and Central High Plains of the Great Plains. Reduced abundance and occupied ranges have led to increased conservation efforts throughout the species’ range. Habitat loss is considered the predominant cause of these declines. In the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico, lesser prairie-chicken habitat corresponds to the Sand Shinnery Oak Prairie Ecoregion, which is comprised of a mixture of sand shinnery oak (Quercus havardii)-dominated grasslands, san

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17

McKenna, Owen P., Samuel R. Kucia, David M. Mushet, Michael J. Anteau, and Mark T. Wiltermuth. "Synergistic Interaction of Climate and Land-Use Drivers Alter the Function of North American, Prairie-Pothole Wetlands." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (2019): 6581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236581.

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Prairie-pothole wetlands provide the critical habitat necessary for supporting North American migratory waterfowl populations. However, climate and land-use change threaten the sustainability of these wetland ecosystems. Very few experiments and analyses have been designed to investigate the relative impacts of climate and land-use change drivers, as well as the antagonistic or synergistic interactions among these drivers on ecosystem processes. Prairie-pothole wetland water budgets are highly dependent on atmospheric inputs and especially surface runoff, which makes them especially susceptibl

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18

Moseman, Sonja, Terry Ferriss, and William Kidd. "UTILIZATION OF PLUGS IN PRAIRIE RESTORATION." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1117e—1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1117e.

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The preservation/restoration of prairie ecosystems is part of our responsibility as stewards of the earth. Success in reestablishing prairie plant communities has been quite variable and far from optimum. This cooperative project between the University of Wisconsin-River Falls (UWRF) and Carpenter Nature Center examine the use of horticulture plug technology as a means of improving the quality, availability, production efficiency and transplant survivability of herbaceous frob prairie species for use in prairie restoration efforts.Data on growth rates and winter survival of bare-root seedlings

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19

Tipton, Alice G., Elizabeth L. Middleton, William G. Spollen, and Candace Galen. "Anthropogenic and soil environmental drivers of arbuscular mycorrhizal community composition differ between grassland ecosystems." Botany 97, no. 1 (2019): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2018-0072.

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Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plants are sensitive to a myriad of underlying factors, including soil chemistry and land-use disturbances. Here we address how two grassland ecosystems (Ozark glades vs. tallgrass prairies) in south-central USA have been impacted by legacy effects from land-use disturbances (e.g., fire suppression in glades and tillage, fertilizer, row cropping, and grazing in prairies) and geological substrate (acidic versus calcareous bedrock). We surveyed AMF on the roots of two native generalist host species [Ruellia humilis Nutt. and Schizachyri

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20

Corriveau, Julie, Patricia A. Chambers, Adam G. Yates, and Joseph M. Culp. "Snowmelt and its role in the hydrologic and nutrient budgets of prairie streams." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 8 (2011): 1590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.676.

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Small watersheds in the Canadian Prairies are characterized by seasonally disconnected hydrologic networks whereby stream channels are hydrologically connected during snowmelt but have disconnected reaches throughout the remainder of the year. Snowmelt is the most significant hydrological event in the Canadian Prairies, yet few studies have investigated the role of snowmelt in the nutrient budget of prairie streams. We quantified hydrologic and nutrient dynamics during snowmelt for ten agricultural subwatersheds distributed along a gradient of human activity in the Red River Valley, Canada, to

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21

Brye, K. R., J. M. Norman, L. G. Bundy, and S. T. Gower. "Water-Budget Evaluation of Prairie and Maize Ecosystems." Soil Science Society of America Journal 64, no. 2 (2000): 715–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.642715x.

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22

Bortolotti, Lauren E., Vincent L. St. Louis, and Rolf D. Vinebrooke. "Drivers of ecosystem metabolism in restored and natural prairie wetlands." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 76, no. 12 (2019): 2396–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0419.

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Elucidating drivers of aquatic ecosystem metabolism is key to forecasting how inland waters will respond to anthropogenic changes. We quantified gross primary production (GPP), respiration (ER), and net ecosystem production (NEP) in a natural and two restored prairie wetlands (one “older” and one “recently” restored) and identified drivers of temporal variation. GPP and ER were highest in the older restored wetland, followed by the natural and recently restored sites. The natural wetland was the only net autotrophic site. Metabolic differences could not be definitively tied to restoration hist

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23

Messer, Tiffany, Kyle Douglas-Mankin, Natalie Nelson, and James Randall Etheridge. "Wetland Ecosystem Resilience: Protecting and Restoring Valuable Ecosystems." Transactions of the ASABE 62, no. 6 (2019): 1541–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13578.

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HighlightsWe provide context and perspectives on articles in the Wetland Ecosystem Resilience collection.Insights gained on wetland resilience to sea-level rise and climate change, land use and drainage, and nutrients. Abstract. The objective of this article is to introduce a collection of articles that explore current research and scientific thought on wetland ecosystem resilience. The collection contains articles on wetland resilience to climate change, agricultural land use-driven change, and recreational land use, along with evaluations of wetland resilience through high-resolution monitor

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24

Diboll, N. "CREATING PRAIRIE MEADOW ECOSYSTEMS AS THE NEW AMERICAN LAWN." Acta Horticulturae, no. 643 (January 2004): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2004.643.7.

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25

Sauchyn, David J., Elaine M. Barrow, Ron F. Hopkinson, and Peter R. Leavitt. "Aridity on the Canadian Plains." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 56, no. 2-3 (2004): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/009109ar.

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Abstract The Prairie Ecozone is the only major region of Canada where drought is a landscape hazard; aridity is linked to soil erosion. Management of prairie ecosystems and soil landscapes therefore requires an understanding of past and future trends and variability in regional aridity. We used instrumental and paleoclimatic records to define a regional baseline for prairie aridity, to evaluate the utility of modern climate normals (i.e. 1961-1990) as a benchmark for future climatic change, and to provide a historical context for a range of General Circulation Model (GCM) forecasts of regional

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26

Dilworth, Kayla, Marek Borowiec, Abigail Cohen, et al. "Ants of the Palouse Prairie: diversity and species composition in an endangered grassland." Biodiversity Data Journal 9 (May 10, 2021): e65768. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e65768.

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Grasslands are globally imperilled ecosystems due to widespread conversion to agriculture and there is a concerted effort to catalogue arthropod diversity in grasslands to guide conservation decisions. The Palouse Prairie is one such endangered grassland; a mid-elevation habitat found in Washington and Idaho, United States. Ants (Formicidae) are useful indicators of biodiversity and historical ecological disturbance, but there has been no structured sampling of ants in the Palouse Prairie. To fill this gap, we employed a rapid inventory sampling approach using pitfall traps to capture peak ant

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27

Alexander, Helen M., Julie Schwarting, and Naomi Betson. "An Ecological Restoration Experiment on a High School Campus." American Biology Teacher 86, no. 1 (2024): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2024.86.1.10.

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We established a tallgrass prairie restoration experiment on a high school campus in Kansas. This easily accessible natural environment provides students and teachers many options including scientific research, artistic ventures, or simply relaxing in nature. Our restoration project has four main objectives: (1) practicing science; (2) increasing prairie habitat; (3) fostering a sense of place by getting students outside; and (4) facilitating community collaboration. Here, we present an overview of our restoration as a general model that is adaptable for a variety of ecosystems and circumstanc

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28

Cornwell, Jeffrey C., J. C. Stevenson та C. Neill. "Biogeochemieal origin of δ34S isotopic signatures in a prairie marsh". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, № 8 (1995): 1816–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-174.

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Sulfur isotope ratios were determined in a prairie marsh at Delta, Manitoba, Canada, to determine whether organic matter produced in the marsh had distinctive isotopic signatures. High sulfate levels in sediments from the Delta Marsh arise from high salt concentrations in soils. Sulfate reduction is the major anaerobic metabolic pathway in this sediment system and sulfate diffused into sediment both from deeper soil horizons and from overlying water. Surface water δ34S-SO42− values of 15 ± 1‰ increased to a maximum of almost 40‰ in deeper sediment horizons, in marked contrast to sediment pore

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29

Toledo, David, Matt Sanderson, Kenneth Spaeth, John Hendrickson, and Jeff Printz. "Extent of Kentucky Bluegrass and Its Effect on Native Plant Species Diversity and Ecosystem Services in the Northern Great Plains of the United States." Invasive Plant Science and Management 7, no. 4 (2014): 543–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-14-00029.1.

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AbstractKentucky bluegrass, a nonnative species, has invaded rangelands in the United States and is currently present in most rangelands across the Northern Great Plains. Despite its accelerated expansion, the consequences of Kentucky bluegrass on the diversity of native plant species and on ecosystem services remain largely unknown. We synthesized the available data related to Kentucky bluegrass and how it affects native plant diversity and ecosystem services. We found that invasion may bring negative consequences to ecosystem services, such as pollination, habitat for wildlife species, and a

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Zimmer, Kyle D., Mark A. Hanson, and Malcolm G. Butler. "Effects of fathead minnows and restoration on prairie wetland ecosystems." Freshwater Biology 47, no. 11 (2002): 2071–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.00952.x.

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Docherty, Kathryn M., and Jessica L. M. Gutknecht. "Soil Microbial Restoration Strategies for Promoting Climate‐Ready Prairie Ecosystems." Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 100, no. 2 (2019): e01523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bes2.1523.

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Olff, Han, David Alonso, Matty P. Berg, et al. "Parallel ecological networks in ecosystems." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1524 (2009): 1755–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0222.

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In ecosystems, species interact with other species directly and through abiotic factors in multiple ways, often forming complex networks of various types of ecological interaction. Out of this suite of interactions, predator–prey interactions have received most attention. The resulting food webs, however, will always operate simultaneously with networks based on other types of ecological interaction, such as through the activities of ecosystem engineers or mutualistic interactions. Little is known about how to classify, organize and quantify these other ecological networks and their mutual int

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Anacker, B. L., T. R. Seastedt, T. M. Halward, and A. L. Lezberg. "Soil carbon and plant richness relationships differ among grassland types, disturbance history and plant functional groups." Oecologia 196, no. 4 (2021): 1153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-04992-x.

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AbstractUnderstanding the relationship of soil carbon storage and species diversity in grasslands can provide insights into managing these ecosystems. We studied relationships among soil C and plant species richness within ~ 9700 ha of grasslands in Colorado, US. Using 141 grassland transects, we tested how soil C was related to plant species richness, grassland type, soil texture, and prairie dog presence. Soil C was significantly, positively related to plant species richness, while native perennial graminoid species richness exhibited an even stronger positive relationship. However, the rela

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34

Jones, Seth A., Edward S. DeKeyser, Cami Dixon, and Breanna Kobiela. "Invasive Species Change Plant Community Composition of Preserved Prairie Pothole Wetlands." Plants 12, no. 6 (2023): 1281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12061281.

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Plant communities in North American prairie pothole wetlands vary depending on hydrology, salinity, and anthropogenic disturbance in and around the wetland. We assessed prairie pothole conditions on United States Fish and Wildlife Service fee-title lands in North Dakota and South Dakota to improve our understanding of current conditions and plant community composition. Species-level data were collected at 200 randomly chosen temporary and seasonal wetland sites located on native prairie remnants (n = 48) and previously cultivated lands that were reseeded into perennial grassland (n = 152). The

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Pitman, William D. "Scales of Diversity Affecting Ecosystem Function across Agricultural and Forest Landscapes in Louisiana." Diversity 16, no. 2 (2024): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d16020101.

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Current land use and extensive modifications of natural ecosystems across the state of Louisiana are generally similar to those across the southeastern USA where rainfall supports forest ecosystems. Both intentional and unintentional consequences of ecosystem modifications from the scales of water and sediment movement across a field edge to state-wide loss of functional grasslands are legacies from previous development across the state. While major investments and large-scale, long-term plans are aspects of some continuing ecological issues across the state, small-scale, volunteer-led restora

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Wray, J., and M. K. Anderson. "Restoring Indian-Set Fires to Prairie Ecosystems on the Olympic Peninsula." Ecological Restoration 21, no. 4 (2003): 296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.21.4.296.

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Hunt, Victoria M., Sarah K. Jacobi, Jill J. Gannon, Jennifer E. Zorn, Clinton T. Moore, and Eric V. Lonsdorf. "A Decision Support Tool for Adaptive Management of Native Prairie Ecosystems." Interfaces 46, no. 4 (2016): 334–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/inte.2015.0822.

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Katsalirou, Eirini, Shiping Deng, David L. Nofziger, Argyrios Gerakis, and Samuel D. Fuhlendorf. "Spatial structure of microbial biomass and activity in prairie soil ecosystems." European Journal of Soil Biology 46, no. 3-4 (2010): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.04.005.

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Naeth, M. A., D. S. Chanasyk, R. L. Rothwell, and A. W. Bailey. "Grazing impacts on soil water in mixed prairie and fescue grassland ecosystems of Alberta." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 71, no. 3 (1991): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss91-031.

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Reduced soil water under grazing is generally attributed to reduced infiltration as livestock trampling compacts the soil surface. Grazing can also have the opposite effect on soil water through reduced evapotranspiration when vegetation is removed. On the Canadian Prairies, grazing impacts on soil water have been assessed in short-term studies but impacts of long-term grazing have not been documented. In this study, impacts of long-term grazing on soil water were assessed in mixed prairie, parkland fescue grassland, and foothills fescue grassland ecosystems of southern and central Alberta. Gr

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Fay, P. A., J. M. Blair, M. D. Smith, J. B. Nippert, J. D. Carlisle, and A. K. Knapp. "Relative effects of precipitation variability and warming on tallgrass prairie ecosystem function." Biogeosciences 8, no. 10 (2011): 3053–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-3053-2011.

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Abstract. Precipitation and temperature drive many aspects of terrestrial ecosystem function. Climate change scenarios predict increasing precipitation variability and temperature, and long term experiments are required to evaluate the ecosystem consequences of interannual climate variation, increased growing season (intra-annual) rainfall variability, and warming. We present results from an experiment applying increased growing season rainfall variability and year round warming in native tallgrass prairie. During ten years of study, total growing season rainfall varied 2-fold, and we found ~5

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Lark, Tyler J., Ben Larson, Ian Schelly, Sapna Batish, and Holly K. Gibbs. "Accelerated Conversion of Native Prairie to Cropland in Minnesota." Environmental Conservation 46, no. 2 (2018): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892918000437.

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SummaryUnplowed native grasslands are among the most endangered ecosystems in the world, due in large part to their agricultural suitability and widespread conversion to cropland. Despite this, remaining locations of these species- and carbon-rich landscapes are neither well monitored nor effectively protected. A recent spike in US prices for corn (Zea mays) and soybeans (Glycine max) intensified incentives to bring new land into production, potentially hastening the conversion of grasslands to crops. We combined satellite-based land cover data with aerial photographs and a field-based invento

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Warrix, Adam R., and Jordan M. Marshall. "Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana) Response to Fire in a Managed Prairie Ecosystem." Invasive Plant Science and Management 11, no. 1 (2018): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/inp.2018.4.

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AbstractCallery pear (Pyrus calleryana Decne.) was introduced to North America as an ornamental tree in the early 1900s. Due to widespread planting, P. calleryana has become common throughout the eastern United States and has invaded natural areas, especially disturbed areas. Prescribed fire is a common management technique in prairie ecosystems to mimic natural disturbances. We tested the effectiveness of prescribed fire as a control technique for P. calleryana in a managed prairie system. Fire top-killed all established P. calleryana individuals. However, these individuals responded to fire

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Williamson, Melinda M., Gail W. T. Wilson, and David C. Hartnett. "Controls on bud activation and tiller initiation in C3 and C4 tallgrass prairie grasses: the role of light and nitrogen." Botany 90, no. 12 (2012): 1221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b2012-091.

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Population dynamics of perennial grasses in tallgrass prairie ecosystems are strongly influenced by vegetative outgrowth from their belowground bud banks. We examined the role of light and nitrogen in regulating tiller initiation and tested an integrated model of controls on bud dormancy and activation in several C3 and C4 grasses. In addition, we assessed the interaction of nitrogen and light quantity and red – far red spectral composition on tiller initiation. Belowground perennating organs of three C3 and three C4 species were grown under full light or dark conditions, amended with one of f

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NAETH, M. A., A. W. BAILEY, D. S. CHANASYK, W. B. McGILL, and R. T. HARDIN. "CHANGES IN SOIL WATER REGIME AFTER PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION IN SOLONETZIC MIXED PRAIRIE RANGELAND." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 68, no. 3 (1988): 603–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss88-058.

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A study was conducted in the Solonetzic mixed prairie rangeland of southern Alberta to evaluate soil water responses to pipeline construction. Five adjacent natural gas pipelines on a series of rights-of-way (ROW) were studied at three sites. The pipelines were installed in 1957, 1963, 1968, 1972 and 1981. Soil water contents were monitored throughout the year using a neutron probe. Water-holding capacity of the soil was determined using the pressure-plate extraction method. Pipeline construction in Solonetzic mixed prairie ecosystems caused total soil water to a depth of 50 cm in the trench t

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NAETH, M. A., R. L. ROTHWELL, D. S. CHANASYK, and A. W. BAILEY. "GRAZING IMPACTS ON INFILTRATION IN MIXED PRAIRIE AND FESCUE GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEMS OF ALBERTA." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 70, no. 4 (1990): 593–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss90-062.

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Infiltration capacity is generally reduced with increased grazing intensity and reduced range condition, mainly through vegetation and litter removal, soil structure deterioration, and compaction. Only one study has documented the effect of grazing on Canadian rangelands, necessitating further investigation. In this study, impacts of long-term grazing on infiltration were assessed in mixed prairie and fescue grassland ecosystems of southern and central Alberta, Canada. Grazing regimes were of light to very heavy intensities, grazed early, late, and continuously during the growing season. Ungra

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Morrill, P. K., and B. R. Neal. "Impact of deltamethrin insecticide on Chironomidae (Diptera) of prairie ponds." Canadian Journal of Zoology 68, no. 2 (1990): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z90-043.

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Deltamethrin insecticide was applied by air, at recommended field application rates (7.5 g/ha), to two prairie ponds in June, 1986. Larval and emerging Chironomidae densities were monitored in the treated ponds and in two untreated ponds for 1 month prior to spraying, the remainder of the summer after spraying, and in the late part of the following spring. Following deltamethrin application, the density of chironomid larvae declined by two orders of magnitude in the treated ponds relative to the untreated ponds, with all genera being affected. Chironomid emergence declined in both the treated

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Moreno-Torres, Karla, Fernando Gual-Sill, Ricardo Morales-Jiménez, André V. Rubio, Gerardo Ceballos, and Gerardo Suzán. "Serological Survey of Hantavirus In Rodents From Prairie Dog Ecosystems In Chihuahua, Mexico." Southwestern Naturalist 59, no. 4 (2014): 590–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1894/sgm-37.1.

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Rosso, Juan José, and Alicia Fernández Cirelli. "Effects of land use on environmental conditions and macrophytes in prairie lotic ecosystems." Limnologica 43, no. 1 (2013): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2012.06.001.

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Breitkreuz, Sarah, Laio Silva Sobrinho, Leah Stachniak, and Scott Chang. "Can the Adaptive Multi-Paddock Grazing System Increase Carbon Sequestration in Alberta's Grassland Soils?" Alberta Academic Review 2, no. 2 (2019): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/aar52.

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Natural grasslands cover around 40% of the Earth’s surface and play an important role as a source of ecological goods and services. By sequestering around 30% of terrestrial global carbon, grasslands play a critical part in the alleviation of climate change. Despite their ecological significance, grasslands have been reduced to a fraction of their original extent. In Canada, up to 70% of grasslands have been destroyed, making it the most endangered ecosystem in North America. What remains is often intensely grazed and a diverse ecosystem of wild animals is replaced by domestic livestock. The c

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Toot, Ryan, Lee E. Frelich, Ethan E. Butler, and Peter B. Reich. "Climate-Biome Envelope Shifts Create Enormous Challenges and Novel Opportunities for Conservation." Forests 11, no. 9 (2020): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11091015.

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Research Highlights: We modeled climate-biome envelopes at high resolution in the Western Great Lakes Region for recent and future time-periods. The projected biome shifts, in conjunction with heterogeneous distribution of protected land, may create both great challenges for conservation of particular ecosystems and novel conservation opportunities. Background and Objectives: Climate change this century will affect the distribution and relative abundance of ecological communities against a mostly static background of protected land. We developed a climate-biome envelope model using a priori cl

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