Статті в журналах з теми "Pressure print analysis"

In process-color lithographic sheet-fed offset printing the uniformity of printing pressure is critical in achieving consistent print quality. The variations in printing pressure at blanket and impression cylinder nip affect the resultant print density of process colors. The variations in printing pressure are observed not only within the print run but also in the print area of the sheet. The printing pressure is the function of machine engineering, blanket cylinder covering material, substrate, and thickness of image carrier, packing materials used in packing of blanket and plate cylinder. Many printers, even today, use a feeler gauge to judge the level of printing pressure at two or three places along with the blanket and impression cylinder nip. The conventional feeler gauge method yields qualitative information and considers a very smaller portion of the print area. In this experimental work, the densitometry is used to devise an alternative subjective method to give information about the levels of printing pressure across the print area. The image equalling print area is divided into uniformly spaced small patches and one thousand sheets uncoated paper are printed with cyan color on large format offset printing machine. Three sheets, 101th, 501th, and 901th, representing the start, middle and the end of the print run are selected. Out of each identified sheets, three patches are selected from left middle and right columns giving a total nine locations from across the print area. The reflection densities, of nine cyan patches uniformly covering the print area, are measured using electronic densitometer for each of the sheets and tabulated. This approach, involving statistics, is aimed at providing a quantitative tool to analyze printing pressure variation across the print area and within the print run.

What happens in the paper surface about ink absorption is of great important for appearance of final printing. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the influence of printing pressure and printing speed on ink layer thickness transferred onto coated paper through quantitative analysis by laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). Meanwhile, the influence of printing pressure and printing speed on print density and print gloss were obtained. The results implied that higher printing pressure resulted in higher ink layer thickness, print density and print gloss when printing pressure is less than 700N, but higher printing speed resulted in lower ink layer thickness, print density and print gloss when printing pressure is constant. It could be concluded that the coated paper with high printing speed compared with low printing speed resulted in lower ink absorption, lower print density, lower print gloss and worse printability on the condition of same printing pressure.

Primary objective is to develop computational method to analyze digital pictures of sulfide prints, helping obtain qualitative image characteristics, and to formulate mathematical model of the distribution of sulphide inclusions to determine specific features of the pressure effect on the macrostructure formation of carbon steel castings flooded into the uncooled mold. The research was carried out using images of sulfide prints of templates cut of steel cylindrical castings; L500 steel was applied. The castings result from industrial tests of a method of gas-dynamic effect on the fusion in the foundry forms under the conditions of a casthouse of Dnipropetrovsk aggregate plant PJSC. Digital pictures of sulfide prints, obtained in terms of the increased rate of gas pressure and maximum pressure, were binarized; defective fra gments were removed; and zoning took place. The developed computational method has been applied for fragments of images, representing different zones; data arrays have been received containing sizes and amounts of inclusions in the fragment. The developed computational method to analyze digital images of sulfide prints has been implemented. ASImprints software support has helped obtain qualitative characteristics of images; namely, distribution of amount of the certain-size sulfide inclusions. The computational method to analyze digital images of sulfide prints has made it possible to study the set of patterns of sulfide prints. The dependences have been obtained, describing specific features of sulfide inclusion distribution while varying gas-dynamic pressure method in terms of fusion in the casting form. It has been demonstrated that the distribution describes effectively the power-series distribution to compare with the exponential one. Mathematical model of the power-series distribution parameter dependence upon pressure has been developed. Deviation of the distribution parameters in terms of the experimental values and the model values has been evaluated. The research demonstrates the ways to apply an algorithm of simple recursive casting for quantitative analysis of digital images of sulfide prints. Use of ASImprints, being software implementation of the computational method to analyze digital images of sulfide prints making it possible to obtain qualitative characteristics of images, has helped identify that the increased pressure within a casting-device for gas injection system results in the increased specific amount of inclusions and the decreased specific zone of sulfide inclusions respectively. It has been defined that exponential function describes reliably the nature of sulfide inclusion distribution in the digital image of sulfide print. The research has demonstrated that fragments of a sulfide print, belonging to one zone, are statistically homogeneous. Thus, it is possible to analyze quantitively digital image zone of a sulfide print on its fragment. Mathematical model of dependence of sulfide inclusion distribution in carbon-steel castings in terms of gas-dynamic effect on fusion solidifying in a mold has been developed. The model may be applied to predict sulfide inclusion distribution within the selected zones of cross section of the cylindrical castings solidifying in the uncooled mold in terms of the preset mode of gas-dynamic effect. Keywords: gas-dynamic effect, pressure, solidification, casting, steel, 35 Л, mold, macrostructure, sulfides, inclusions, template, sulfide print, distribution, polynomial, parameters, prediction, software implementation, ASImprints

Factors of graphomotor skills may serve as indicators to determine a writer’s handwriting proficiency or acclimation to different writing surface textures. This study examines differences in children’s graphomotor skills based on types of writing medium and gender. Participants were 97 six-year-old Korean preschool children who had not received formal writing training prior to the study. Writing tasks were completed on a tablet screen and paper. Writing samples were analyzed using the Eye and Pen software to investigate spatial, temporal, and pressure exertion exhibited during the writing tasks. A repeated measures ANOVA revealed differences in graphomotor skills such as print size, writing speed, and writing pressure. Writing on a tablet screen decreased clarity of writing; print size and speed increased as the stylus slides across the tablet surface with relatively less friction, thereby decreasing the exertion of writing pressure. Analysis of writing differences according to gender indicated that boys generated larger print sizes than girls. Results suggest that while simple writing tasks may be feasible on the tablet screen, providing children with a larger writing medium and encouraging larger print sizes for writing practice, especially for boys, may be beneficial in the development of graphomotor skills among young learners.

Footprints are the most direct source of evidence about locomotor biomechanics in extinct vertebrates. One of the principal suppositions underpinning biomechanical inferences is that footprint geometry correlates with dynamic foot pressure, which, in turn, is linked with overall limb motion of the trackmaker. In this study, we perform the first quantitative test of this long-standing assumption, using topological statistical analysis of plantar pressures and experimental and computer-simulated footprints. In computer-simulated footprints, the relative distribution of depth differed from the distribution of both peak and pressure impulse in all simulations. Analysis of footprint samples with common loading inputs and similar depths reveals that only shallow footprints lack significant topological differences between depth and pressure distributions. Topological comparison of plantar pressures and experimental beach footprints demonstrates that geometry is highly dependent on overall print depth; deeper footprints are characterized by greater relative forefoot, and particularly toe, depth than shallow footprints. The highlighted difference between ‘shallow’ and ‘deep’ footprints clearly emphasizes the need to understand variation in foot mechanics across different degrees of substrate compliance. Overall, our results indicate that extreme caution is required when applying the ‘depth equals pressure’ paradigm to hominin footprints, and by extension, those of other extant and extinct tetrapods.

In 2013 the Editor of Journal of Vibration and Control and SAGE became aware of a peer review ring involving assumed and fabricated identities that appeared to centre around Peter Chen at National Pingtung University of Education, Taiwan (NPUE). SAGE and the Editor then began a complex investigation into the case during the rest of 2013 and 2014. Following an unsatisfactory response from Peter Chen, NPUE was notified. NPUE were serious in addressing the Journal and SAGE’s concerns. NPUE confirmed that the institution was investigating Peter Chen. SAGE subsequently uncovered a citation ring involving the above mentioned author and others. We regret that individual authors have compromised the academic record by perverting the peer review process and apologise to readers. On uncovering problems with peer review and citation SAGE immediately put steps in place to avoid similar vulnerability of the Journal to exploitation in the future. More information may be found at www.sagepub.co.uk/JVC_Statement_2014 . The Journal and SAGE understand from NPUE that Peter Chen has resigned his post at NPUE. The following articles are retracted because after thorough investigation evidence points towards them having at least one author or being reviewed by at least one reviewer who has been implicated in the peer review ring and/or citation ring. All authors have had an opportunity to respond to the allegations and proposed actions. OnlineFirst articles (these articles will not be published in an issue) Chen CY, Chen T-H, Chen Y-H, Yu S-E and Chung P-Y (2013) Information technology system modeling an integrated C-TAM-TPB model to the validation of ocean tidal analyses Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 7 May 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312472924 Chang R-F, Chen CY, Su F-P and Lin H-C (2013) A two-step approach for broadband digital signal processing technique Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 26 April 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312472925 Chen TH, Chang CJ, Yu SE, Chung PY and Liu C-K (2013) Nonlinear information analysis and system management technique: the influence of design experience and control complexity Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 12 April 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312473321 Chen CY, Shih BY, Chen YH, Yu SE and Liu YC (2013) The exploration of a 3T flow model using vibrating NXT: II. Model validation Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 10 April 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312470481 Chen CY, Shih BY, Chen YH, Yu SE and Liu YC (2013) The exploration of 3T flow model using vibrating NXT: I. model formulation Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 6 February 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312467360 Lin M-L and Chen C-W (2013) Stability analysis of fuzzy-based NN modeling for ecosystems using fuzzy Lyapunov methods Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 6 February 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312466687 Chen CY, Chen TH, Chen YH and Chiu J (2012) A multi-stage method for deterministic-statistical analysis: a mathematical case and measurement studies Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 20 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312466579 Shih BY, Lin MC and Chen CY (2012) Autonomous navigation system for radiofrequency identification mobile robot e-book reader Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 13 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312466578 Chang RF, Chen CY, Su FP, Lin HC and Lu C-K (2012) Multiphase SUMO robot based on an agile modeling-driven process for a small mobile robot Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 13 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312464993 Shih B-Y, Lin Y-K, Cheng M-H, Chen C-Y and Chiu C-P (2012) The development of an application program interactive game-based information system Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 12 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312464682 Chen C-Y, Chang C-J and Lin C-H (2012) On dynamic access control in web 2.0 and cloud interactive information hub: technologies Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 12 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312464992 Shin BY, Chen CY and Hsu KH (2012) Robot cross platform system using innovative interactive theory and selection algorithms for Android application Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 13 November 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312463757 Articles published in an issue Chen C-W (2014) Applications of neural-network-based fuzzy logic control to a nonlinear time-delay chaotic system Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (4): 589-605. Epub ahead of print 5 November 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312461370 Chen C-W (2014) A review of intelligent algorithm approaches and neural-fuzzy stability criteria for time-delay tension leg platform systems Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (4): 561-575. Epub ahead of print 5 November 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312463759 Chen C-Y, Chang C-J and Lin C-H (2014) On dynamic access control in web 2.0 and cloud interactive information hub: trends and theories Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (4): 548-560. Epub ahead of print 5 November 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312463762 Lin M-L and Chen C-W (2014) Stability conditions for ecosystem modeling using the fuzzy Lyapunov method Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (2): 290-302. Epub ahead of print 23 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312451301 Chen C-H, Kuo C-M, Hsieh S-H and Chen C-Y (2014) Highly efficient very-large-scale integration (VLSI) implementation of probabilistic neural network image interpolator Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (2): 218-224. Epub ahead of print 22 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312458822 Chen C-Y (2014) Wave vibration and simulation in dissipative media described by irregular boundary surfaces: a mathematical formulation Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (2): 191-203. Epub ahead of print 22 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312464258 Chen C-H, Yao T-K, Dai J-H and Chen C-Y (2014) A pipelined multiprocessor system- on-a-chip (SoC) design methodology for streaming signal processing Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (2): 163-178. Epub ahead of print 16 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312458821 Lin M-L and Chen C-W (2014) Fuzzy neural modeling for n-degree ecosystems using the linear matrix inequality approach Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (1): 82-93. Epub ahead of print 8 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312458533 Chen C-H, Wu W-X and Chen C-Y (2013) Ant-inspired collective problem-solving systems Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (16): 2481-2490. Epub ahead of print 18 September 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312456231 Chen C-H, Yao T-K, Kuo C-M and Chen C-Y (2013) Evolutionary design of constructive multilayer feedforward neural network Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (16): 2413-2420. Epub ahead of print 12 September 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312456726 Chen C-W (2013) Applications of the fuzzy-neural Lyapunov criterion to multiple time-delay systems Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (13): 2054-2067. Epub ahead of print 16 August 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312451034 Chung P-Y, Chen Y-H, Walter L and Chen C-Y (2013) Influence and dynamics of a mobile robot control on mechanical components Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (13): 1923-1935. Epub ahead of print 20 July 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312452184 Chen C-W (2013) Neural network-based fuzzy logic parallel distributed compensation controller for structural system Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (11): 1709-1727. Epub ahead of print 22 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312442233 Chen C-W, Yeh K, Yang H-C, Liu KFR and Liu C-C (2013) A critical review of structural system control by the large-scaled neural network linear-deferential-inclusion-based criterion Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (11): 1658-1673. Epub ahead of print 18 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312443377 Chen C-H, Kuo C-M, Chen C-Y and Dai J-H (2013) The design and synthesis using hierarchical robotic discrete-event modeling Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (11): 1603-1613. Epub ahead of print 27 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312449645 Chang CJ, Chen CY and Chou I-T (2013) The design of information and communication technologies: telecom MOD strength machines Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (10): 1499-1513. Epub ahead of print 27 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312449644 Shih B-Y, Chen C-Y, Li K-H, Wu T-Y, Chen G-Y (2013) A novel NXT control method for implementing force sensing and recycling in a training robot Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (10): 1443-1459. Epub ahead of print 1 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312446361 Chen C-W, Chen P-C and Chiang W-L (2013) Modified intelligent genetic algorithm-based adaptive neural network control for uncertain structural systems Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (9): 1333-1347. Epub ahead of print 31 May 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312442232 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y, Shih C-H and Wang L-H (2013) Enhancing robust and stability control of a humanoid biped robot: system identification approach. Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (8): 1199-1207. Epub ahead of print 26 April 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312442947 Chang C-J, Chen C-Y and Huang C-W (2013) Applications for medical recovery using wireless control of a bluetooth ball with a hybrid G-sensor and human-computer interface technology Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (8): 1139-1151. Epub ahead of print 24 April 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312442948 Hsu W-K, Chiou D-J, Chen C-W, Liu M-Y, Chiang W-L and Huang P-C (2013) Sensitivity of initial damage detection for steel structures using the Hilbert-Huang transform method Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (6): 857-878. Epub ahead of print 29 February 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311434794 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y, Shih C-H and Wang L-H (2013) Human–machine interface for the motion control of humanoid biped robots using a graphical user interface Motion Editor Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (6): 814-820. Epub ahead of print 23 February 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312437804 Chen C-Y (2013) Internal wave transport, nonlinear manifestation, and mixing in a stratified shear layer - technical briefs Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (3): 429-438. Epub ahead of print 18 January 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311429337 Chen C-W (2013) Delay independent criterion for multiple time-delay systems and its application in building structure control systems Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (3): 395-414. Epub ahead of print 17 January 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311429341 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y, Shih C-H and Wang L-H (2013) Design, modeling and stability control for an actuated dynamic walking planar bipedal robot Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (3): 376-384. Epub ahead of print 17 January 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311429476 Liu K-C, Liu Y-W, Chen C-Y and Huang W-C (2013) Nonlinear vibration of structural deterioration in reinforced concrete columns: experimental and theoretical investigation Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (3): 323-335. Epub ahead of print 17 January 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311429477 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y and Ma J-m (2013) Development for low-cost and cross-platform robot control environment Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (2): 228-233. Epub ahead of print 11 January 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311430107 Shih B-Y, Chang H and Chen C-Y (2013) Path planning for autonomous robots – a comprehensive analysis by a greedy algorithm Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (1): 130-142. Epub ahead of print 17 January 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311429841 Liu T-Y, Chiang W-L, Chen C-W, Hsu W-K, Lin C-W, Chiou D-J and Huang P-C (2012) Structural system identification for vibration bridges using the Hilbert–Huang transform Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (13): 1939-1956. Epub ahead of print 14 December 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311428347 Chen C-W (2012) Applications of the fuzzy Lyapunov linear matrix inequality criterion to a chaotic structural system Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (13): 1925-1938. Epub ahead of print 14 December 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311428346 Chen C-W (2012) Applications of linear differential inclusion-based criterion to a nonlinear chaotic system: a critical review Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (12): 1886-1899. Epub ahead of print 14 December 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311428345 Shih B-Y, Chen C-Y and Chou W (2012) An enhanced obstacle avoidance and path correction mechanism for an autonomous intelligent robot with multiple sensors Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (12): 1855-1864. Epub ahead of print 14 December 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311426734 Chen C-W, Yeh K, Liu KFR and Lin M-L (2012) Applications of fuzzy control to nonlinear time-delay systems using the linear matrix inequality fuzzy Lyapunov method Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (10): 1561-1574. Epub ahead of print 18 October 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311410765 Chen C-Y (2012) A critical review of internal wave dynamics. Part 2 – Laboratory experiments and theoretical physics Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (7): 983-1008. Epub ahead of print 21 September 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546310397561 Chen C-Y and Huang P-H (2012) Review of an autonomous humanoid robot and its mechanical control Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (7): 973-982. Epub ahead of print 21 September 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546310395974 Shih B-Y, Chen C-Y, Chang H and Ma J-m (2012) Dynamics and control for robotic manipulators using a greedy algorithm approach Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (6): 859-866. Epub ahead of print 25 August 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311407649 Yeh K, Chen C-W, Lo DC and Liu KFR (2012) Neural-network fuzzy control for chaotic tuned mass damper systems with time delays Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (6): 785-795. Epub ahead of print 15 August 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311407538 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y, Shih C-H and Chou W-C (2012) The development of autonomous low-cost biped mobile surveillance robot by intelligent bricks Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (5): 577-586. Epub ahead of print 21 April 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546310371349 Chen C-Y (2012) A critical review of internal wave dynamics. Part 1 – Remote sensing and in-situ observations Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (3): 417-436. Epub ahead of print 13 July 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546310395971 Tseng C-P, Chen C-W and Liu KFR (2012) Risk control allocation model for pressure vessels and piping project Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (3): 385-394. Epub ahead of print 13 July 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311403182 Lin M-L and Chen C-W (2011) Stability analysis of community and ecosystem hierarchies using the Lyapunov method Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (13): 1930-1937. Epub ahead of print 9 December 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546310385737 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y, Chou W-C, Li Y-J and Chen Y-H (2011) Obstacle avoidance design for a humanoid intelligent robot with ultrasonic sensors Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (12): 1798-1804. Epub ahead of print 26 November 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546310381101 Chen C-W (2011) Fuzzy control of interconnected structural systems using the fuzzy Lyapunov method Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (11): 1693-1702. Epub ahead of print 23 November 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546310379625 Shih B-Y, Chen C-Y and Chou W-C (2011) Obstacle avoidance using a path correction method for autonomous control of a biped intelligent robot Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (10): 1567-1573. Epub ahead of print 22 November 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546310372004 Tang J-P, Chiou D-J, Chen C-W, Chiang W-L, Hsu W-K, Chen C-Y and Liu T-Y (2011) A case study of damage detection in benchmark buildings using a Hilbert-Huang Transform-based method Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (4): 623-636. Epub ahead of print 8 November 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546309360053 Liu TY, Chiang WL, Chen CW, Hsu WK, Lu LC and Chu TJ (2011) Identification and monitoring of bridge health from ambient vibration data Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (4): 589-603. Epub ahead of print 12 November 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546309360049 Lin JW, Huang CW, Shih CH and Chen CY (2011) Fuzzy Lyapunov Stability Analysis and NN Modeling for Tension Leg Platform Systems Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (1): 151-158. Epub ahead of print 25 August 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546309350477 Lee WI, Chen CY, Kuo HM and Sui YC (2010) The Development of Half-circle Fuzzy Numbers and Application in Fuzzy Control Journal of Vibration and Control 16 (13): 1977-1987. Epub ahead of print 22 April 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546309349849

Purpose This paper aims to show a resin-flowing model based on Darcy’s law to display the flowing properties of prepreg during lamination. The conformity between the model and experimental results demonstrates that it can provide a guideline on print circuit board (PCB) lamination. Design/methodology/approach Based on the theoretical derivations of Darcy’s law, this paper made an analysis on the flow of prepreg in the pressing process, according to which a theoretical model, namely, resin-flowing model was further formulated. Findings This paper establishes a resin-flowing model, according to which two experiment-verified conclusions can be drawn: first, the resin-flowing properties of material A and B can be improved when the heating rate is between 1.5 and 2.5 min/°C; second, increased pressure gradient can add the amount of flowing resin, mainly featured by increasing pressure and reducing filled thickness of prepreg. Originality/value This model provides guidance on setting lamination parameters for most kinds of prepregs and decreasing starvation risk for PCB production.

A wide range pressure sensor is designed based on the theoretical basis of LC series resonance circuit model to realize the wireless passive measurement in the harsh environment, such as high temperature and high pressure. The capacitive pressure sensitive device is devised by the technology of high-temperature co-fired ceramics (HTCC) to form nine density cavities in zirconia ceramic substrates, and thick film technology to print capacitance plates and planar spiral inductors. The theoretical calculation and simulation analysis of the designed sensor are made respectively under high pressure (10MPa) and temperature (600 °C), the results of which verify the feasibility of the design in a wide range of pressure for high-temperature applications, and provide the reliable theory basis for the fabrication of wide range pressure sensor.

Based on the characteristics of high power diesel engines’ thermal balance analysis, a diesel engines’ thermal balance test and analysis system is developed through dealing a large number of test data. This system can real time monitor the temperature, pressure and flow rate of the components in cooling circuit, fuel circuit and gas circuit, can continuously record and store the state parameters, can realize theory computation, statistical analysis, query, and print data report. Also the system can realize remote operation. This system has already been operated in several enterprises. Results show that the system can estimate diesel engines’ thermal balance effectively. According to the analysis results, diesel engines’ designers can estimate the components that bearing excessively high thermal load and can solve the thermal balance problem of high power engines.

The media do not cover all the events and incidents of the day. There is a visible trend across the world that the process of gate keeping in the mass media outlets could be liberal with the presence of pressure groups. Though the usual trend of low media coverage on children in Nepal has been low, the spikes have been visible time and again with frequent and relentless persuasion of the cause in the form of pressure, advocacy and campaigns. Analysis of the media coverage of child-related issues from five national dailies and three prominent online news portals based on the cultivated data with qualitative and quantitative approaches demonstrate the direct relationship between the pressure and coverage. It reveals that influence over the gate keeping process would become the potential to cause wider coverage and prominence placement.

This paper describes an experimental investigation into the process parameter effects on product quality in rotogravure printing. A production printing press was instrumented for the measurement of parameters including strategic temperatures, speeds and web tension. Through-the-run analysis was used to evaluate the fluctuation of the press parameters and the product quality. The trials indicated the parameters where process control is important and allowed the elimination of several parameters, including ink drying, from the main experimental programme. The parameters selected for the main experiments were those most often used for control purposes, or those that were varied between print jobs. Orthogonal array experiments were used, as these allow the simultaneous variation of several parameters and the investigation of interactions between parameters. The experiments were performed using a typical commercial print run once the production of saleable copy had been completed. The analysis of the print quality was carried out in the image areas using spectrophotometry. The experiments highlighted the sensitivity of the process to changes in ink viscosity and the non-linearity of the response. Doctor blade setting was also found to be important, whereas blade load and impression pressure had negligible impact. No interactions were found between any of the parameters investigated. For viscosity change, analysis of the printed image confirmed the importance of hydrodynamic mechanisms, but it was not possible to isolate ink dilution. For doctor blade angular setting, hydrodynamic behaviour appears secondary to cell transport and release mechanisms. This latter mechanism requires further investigation in order to establish a clear understanding.

A common question, but one typically difficult to answer, is “How accurate is a microprobe or SEM analysis?” Commercial software for most EDS and WDS systems print out error limits that are typically calculated standard deviations using Gaussian counting statistics based on the accumulated peak and background counts. This is not a true measure of even the measurement precision, since random instrumental instabilities typically degrade “true” measurement precision (as determined by replicate measurements on standards) to 1.5 - 3+ times that predicted from Gaussian statistics. in addition to these random instrumental variations are a plethora of possible systematic and semirandom errors such as detector or faraday cup non-linearities, errors in estimation of background, EDS spectral deconvolution errors, WDS positional non-reproducibility, temperature and pressure variation effects on spectrometer efficiencies, high voltage drift or sample charging, surface contamination or oxidation, and sample roughness or tilt.

We aimed to investigate whether troughing during scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus can be determined using plantar pressure analysis. In order to quantify the foot print area of a patient at 7 and 12 weeks after the surgery, the raw pressure data were exported to two matrixes. Each matrix has the size of the force distribution platform and contains the plantar force data of the patient in gait movement. These large matrixes containing both left and right pressure data were divided in small size matrixes and averaged. The computation was done in Matlab. The matrixes were flipped up in order to have the natural position of the footprint. The two were plotted as contours in Z axis but kept the external contours only. This difference was measured by subtracting the areas of the two contours. The results are typical footprints for left and right legs, at predetermined follow-up points.

Aim at finding the relation between flow structure and heat enhancement, this paper change the dimple depth to print diameter from 0.06 to 0.3, with an interval of 0.02, and keep the print diameter constant. Through vortex structure analysis and Nu number integration, find out that: Vortex structure varies with dimple depth. Shallow depth dimple induces horseshoe vortex; middle depth dimple induces symmetric tornado-like vortex; deep depth dimple induces tornado-like vortex. Heat enhancement is closely related to vortex structure. Where spiral separation focus point exists, there the lowest Nu/Nu0 exists. Flow impingement at the windward side of dimple and new viscous layer generation at immediate plane after the dimple enhance heat transfer. The highest Nu/Nu0 exists in the sharp rearward dimple edge. From Fig 6, the deeper the dimple is, the higher the average Nu/Nu0 is, so does the pressure drop. But from 0.06 to 0.2 dimple, heat enhancement increased because of vortex structure changed. From 0.2 to 0.3 heat enhancement increased because of the increased area.

To improve the efficiency of printing or coating processes for paper products the velocity of the web and the roller width can be increased. However, these measures bring about deformations of the rollers, heating effects and streak print defects due to undesirable oscillations. This paper presents new sensor technologies for measuring the axial and circumferential distribution of contact pressure along the nip. This work is required for further research on active vibration damping of rollers. The sensors are applied underneath the elastomer covering of the rollers and must be applied without affecting mechanical features or causing a fall off in the quality of the product. In the paper different new measurement techniques are evaluated and compared to state-of-the-art technologies considering dynamic behaviour, sensitivity, linearity, applicability and accuracy. The sensors are integrated into a test rig simulating the rollers of a printing or coating machine. The results are presented in detail and an outlook is given on further research towards active vibration damping.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explain the effects of screen printing parameters on the quantity of ink deposited and the print quality in the context of printing of functional inks. Both these aspects of printing are crucial in the case of conventional and functional printing. This is because, in the case of conventional printing, the quantity of ink deposit affects the color strength while in the case of functional printing, it directly affects the resulting functionality of the ink layer. Design/methodology/approach In this work, an automatic lab-scale screen printer was used to print functional inks on a paper board substrate. The printing parameters, i.e. printing pressure and squeegee angle were altered and the resulting effects on the quantity of ink that was deposited were recorded. The quantity of ink deposit was related to its surface resistivity. In addition, the quality of the print was also assessed by examining the design registration quality. Findings The authors found that altering the squeegee angle has a significant effect on the properties of the resulting ink deposit. More importantly, the authors found that the deflection in the rubber blade squeegee was greatly dependent on the initial angle of the squeegee at the start of the printing stroke. For each set value of the squeegee angle that was considered, the actual angle during printing was recorded and used in the analysis. A printing pressure of three bars and squeegee angle of 20° resulted in the maximum weight of ink deposit with a correspondingly lowest surface resistivity. Practical implications This study is envisaged to have considerable practical implications in the rapidly growing field of functional printing of flexible substrates including, but not limited to, textiles. This is because, the study provides an insight into the effects of printing parameters on the characteristics of a functional ink deposit. Originality/value Screen printing of flexible substrates is a well-developed and arguably the most widely used printing technique, particularly for textiles. Numerous studies report on the analysis of various aspects of screen printing. However, to the best of the knowledge, the effects of printing parameters on the characteristics of functional inks, such as electrically conductive inks, have not been studied in this manner.

Endless fiber reinforced thermoplastic sheets (organic sheets) offer a range of mechanical properties (stiffness, strength, energy absorption) that make them interesting for many high-duty applications. However they often fail to come into operation due to cost and surface problems. Cost problems can occur in consequence of either expensive raw materials or of the investment outlay required for the impregnation and consolidation steps when only small quantities are produced. The surface problem on the other hand is caused mainly by the print-through of the reinforcing fibers and it affects especially those applications in the field of automotive exterior panels. The following article describes the work needed to analyze the material and the process parameters that influence the surface appearance. A finite element model has been created, that represents a semi-finished sheet with four layers of a 2/2 twill textile reinforcement. Based on that geometry various matrix characteristics as well as the vertical orientation of the reinforcing layers have been analyzed. Finally the influence of pressure and cooling rate during the consolidation process was investigated. The simulations helped to identify primary influence parameters and clarified the possibilities and also certain limitations concerning the surface quality of this material class.

Temprina Media Grafika Gresik merupakan perusahaan percetakan yang bergerak di Web Rotary Offset Printing. Perusahaan mampu mencetak 30.000 eksemplar koran dengan jam kerja pukul 20.30-02.00 WIB. Tingkat tekanan kerja tinggi sering dialami operator, dikarenakan deadline cetak koran pendek dan mesin sering mengalami trouble. Selain itu, setiap tahun jumlah operator tetap. Oleh sebab itu, beban kerja merupakan hal utama yang perlu diperhatikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Defence Research Agency Workload Scale (DRAWS) dan Modified Cooper Harper (MCH) dalam pengukuran beban kerja. Dengan DRAWS dapat diukur beban kerja secara umum. Lalu dianalisa lebih lanjut aktivitas (tahapan) kerja yang memiliki beban kerja tinggi dengan MCH. Berdasarkan metode DRAWS, didapat beban kerja sebesar 68,33% (kategori overload) dengan sebaran kerja fisik 44,44% dan mental 55,56%. Variabel Time Pressure mendominasi beban kerja (31,24%). Analisa lanjutan dengan metode MCH didapat bahwa dari 17 aktivitas (tahapan) kerja, 10 berkategori overload, 6 berkategori optimal load, dan 1 berkategori underload. Dari 10 aktivitas (tahapan) kerja berkategori overload (metode MCH) merupakan penyebab kerja mental dominan (sebesar 55,56%) dan berdampak pada variabel Time Presurre sehingga menyebabkan beban kerja tinggi pada operator cetak koran sebesar 68,33% (metode DRAWS). Perbaikan sistem kerja, kondisi lingkungan kerja, juga sistem maintenance dirasa perlu sebagai usulan perbaikan guna menghasilkan proses produksi yang lebih baik. Kata Kunci: Beban Kerja, DRAWS, MCH, Operator. ABSTRACT Temprina Media Grafika Gresik is a printing company engaged in Web Rotary Offset Printing. The company is able to print 30,000 copies of the newspaper with office hours at 08.30 p.m. - 02.00 a.m. The high level of work pressure is often experienced by the operator, due to the short newspaper print deadlines and the machine often experiences trouble. In addition, every year the number of operators is fixed. Therefore, workload is the main thing that needs attention. This research uses the Defense Research Agency Workload Scale (DRAWS) and Modified Cooper Harper (MCH) methods in measuring the workload of newspaper print operators. With DRAWS general workload can be measured. Then further analyzed work activities (stages) that have a high workload with MCH. Based on the DRAWS method, the value of workload is 68.33% (overload category) with the distribution of physical work 44.44% and mental work 55.56%. Time Pressure variable that dominates workload (31,24%). Further analysis using the MCH method found that out of 17 activities (stages) of work, 10 are categorized as overloads, 6 are categorized as optimal load, and 1 is categorized as underload. Of the 10 activities (stages) of work categorized as overload (MCH method) is the dominant mental work cause (55.56%) and has an impact on the Time Presurre variable, causing a high workload on the newspaper print operator of 68.33% (DRAWS method). Improvement of work systems, working environment conditions, and maintenance systems are felt necessary as a proposed improvement in order to produce a better production process. Keywords : Work load, DRAWS, MCH, Operator.

In 2013 the Editor of Journal of Vibration and Control and SAGE became aware of a peer review ring involving assumed and fabricated identities that appeared to centre around Peter Chen at National Pingtung University of Education, Taiwan (NPUE). SAGE and the Editor then began a complex investigation into the case during the rest of 2013 and 2014. Following an unsatisfactory response from Peter Chen, NPUE was notified. NPUE were serious in addressing the Journal and SAGE’s concerns. NPUE confirmed that the institution was investigating Peter Chen. SAGE subsequently uncovered a citation ring involving the above mentioned author and others. We regret that individual authors have compromised the academic record by perverting the peer review process and apologise to readers. On uncovering problems with peer review and citation SAGE immediately put steps in place to avoid similar vulnerability of the Journal to exploitation in the future. More information may be found at www.sagepub.co.uk/JVC_Statement_2014 . The Journal and SAGE understand from NPUE that Peter Chen has resigned his post at NPUE. The following articles are retracted because after thorough investigation evidence points towards them having at least one author or being reviewed by at least one reviewer who has been implicated in the peer review ring and/or citation ring. All authors have had an opportunity to respond to the allegations and proposed actions. OnlineFirst articles (these articles will not be published in an issue) Chen CY, Chen T-H, Chen Y-H, Yu S-E and Chung P-Y (2013) Information technology system modeling an integrated C-TAM-TPB model to the validation of ocean tidal analyses Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 7 May 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312472924 Chang R-F, Chen CY, Su F-P and Lin H-C (2013) A two-step approach for broadband digital signal processing technique Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 26 April 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312472925 Chen TH, Chang CJ, Yu SE, Chung PY and Liu C-K (2013) Nonlinear information analysis and system management technique: the influence of design experience and control complexity Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 12 April 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312473321 Chen CY, Shih BY, Chen YH, Yu SE and Liu YC (2013) The exploration of a 3T flow model using vibrating NXT: II. Model validation Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 10 April 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312470481 Chen CY, Shih BY, Chen YH, Yu SE and Liu YC (2013) The exploration of 3T flow model using vibrating NXT: I. model formulation Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 6 February 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312467360 Lin M-L and Chen C-W (2013) Stability analysis of fuzzy-based NN modeling for ecosystems using fuzzy Lyapunov methods Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 6 February 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312466687 Chen CY, Chen TH, Chen YH and Chiu J (2012) A multi-stage method for deterministic-statistical analysis: a mathematical case and measurement studies Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 20 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312466579 Shih BY, Lin MC and Chen CY (2012) Autonomous navigation system for radiofrequency identification mobile robot e-book reader Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 13 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312466578 Chang RF, Chen CY, Su FP, Lin HC and Lu C-K (2012) Multiphase SUMO robot based on an agile modeling-driven process for a small mobile robot Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 13 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312464993 Shih B-Y, Lin Y-K, Cheng M-H, Chen C-Y and Chiu C-P (2012) The development of an application program interactive game-based information system Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 12 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312464682 Chen C-Y, Chang C-J and Lin C-H (2012) On dynamic access control in web 2.0 and cloud interactive information hub: technologies Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 12 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312464992 Shin BY, Chen CY and Hsu KH (2012) Robot cross platform system using innovative interactive theory and selection algorithms for Android application Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 13 November 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312463757 Articles published in an issue Chen C-W (2014) Applications of neural-network-based fuzzy logic control to a nonlinear time-delay chaotic system Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (4): 589-605. Epub ahead of print 5 November 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312461370 Chen C-W (2014) A review of intelligent algorithm approaches and neural-fuzzy stability criteria for time-delay tension leg platform systems Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (4): 561-575. Epub ahead of print 5 November 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312463759 Chen C-Y, Chang C-J and Lin C-H (2014) On dynamic access control in web 2.0 and cloud interactive information hub: trends and theories Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (4): 548-560. Epub ahead of print 5 November 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312463762 Lin M-L and Chen C-W (2014) Stability conditions for ecosystem modeling using the fuzzy Lyapunov method Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (2): 290-302. Epub ahead of print 23 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312451301 Chen C-H, Kuo C-M, Hsieh S-H and Chen C-Y (2014) Highly efficient very-large-scale integration (VLSI) implementation of probabilistic neural network image interpolator Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (2): 218-224. Epub ahead of print 22 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312458822 Chen C-Y (2014) Wave vibration and simulation in dissipative media described by irregular boundary surfaces: a mathematical formulation Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (2): 191-203. Epub ahead of print 22 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312464258 Chen C-H, Yao T-K, Dai J-H and Chen C-Y (2014) A pipelined multiprocessor system- on-a-chip (SoC) design methodology for streaming signal processing Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (2): 163-178. Epub ahead of print 16 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312458821 Lin M-L and Chen C-W (2014) Fuzzy neural modeling for n-degree ecosystems using the linear matrix inequality approach Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (1): 82-93. Epub ahead of print 8 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312458533 Chen C-H, Wu W-X and Chen C-Y (2013) Ant-inspired collective problem-solving systems Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (16): 2481-2490. Epub ahead of print 18 September 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312456231 Chen C-H, Yao T-K, Kuo C-M and Chen C-Y (2013) Evolutionary design of constructive multilayer feedforward neural network Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (16): 2413-2420. Epub ahead of print 12 September 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312456726 Chen C-W (2013) Applications of the fuzzy-neural Lyapunov criterion to multiple time-delay systems Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (13): 2054-2067. Epub ahead of print 16 August 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312451034 Chung P-Y, Chen Y-H, Walter L and Chen C-Y (2013) Influence and dynamics of a mobile robot control on mechanical components Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (13): 1923-1935. Epub ahead of print 20 July 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312452184 Chen C-W (2013) Neural network-based fuzzy logic parallel distributed compensation controller for structural system Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (11): 1709-1727. Epub ahead of print 22 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312442233 Chen C-W, Yeh K, Yang H-C, Liu KFR and Liu C-C (2013) A critical review of structural system control by the large-scaled neural network linear-deferential-inclusion-based criterion Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (11): 1658-1673. Epub ahead of print 18 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312443377 Chen C-H, Kuo C-M, Chen C-Y and Dai J-H (2013) The design and synthesis using hierarchical robotic discrete-event modeling Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (11): 1603-1613. Epub ahead of print 27 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312449645 Chang CJ, Chen CY and Chou I-T (2013) The design of information and communication technologies: telecom MOD strength machines Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (10): 1499-1513. Epub ahead of print 27 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312449644 Shih B-Y, Chen C-Y, Li K-H, Wu T-Y, Chen G-Y (2013) A novel NXT control method for implementing force sensing and recycling in a training robot Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (10): 1443-1459. Epub ahead of print 1 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312446361 Chen C-W, Chen P-C and Chiang W-L (2013) Modified intelligent genetic algorithm-based adaptive neural network control for uncertain structural systems Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (9): 1333-1347. Epub ahead of print 31 May 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312442232 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y, Shih C-H and Wang L-H (2013) Enhancing robust and stability control of a humanoid biped robot: system identification approach. Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (8): 1199-1207. Epub ahead of print 26 April 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312442947 Chang C-J, Chen C-Y and Huang C-W (2013) Applications for medical recovery using wireless control of a bluetooth ball with a hybrid G-sensor and human-computer interface technology Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (8): 1139-1151. Epub ahead of print 24 April 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312442948 Hsu W-K, Chiou D-J, Chen C-W, Liu M-Y, Chiang W-L and Huang P-C (2013) Sensitivity of initial damage detection for steel structures using the Hilbert-Huang transform method Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (6): 857-878. Epub ahead of print 29 February 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311434794 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y, Shih C-H and Wang L-H (2013) Human–machine interface for the motion control of humanoid biped robots using a graphical user interface Motion Editor Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (6): 814-820. Epub ahead of print 23 February 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312437804 Chen C-Y (2013) Internal wave transport, nonlinear manifestation, and mixing in a stratified shear layer - technical briefs Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (3): 429-438. Epub ahead of print 18 January 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311429337 Chen C-W (2013) Delay independent criterion for multiple time-delay systems and its application in building structure control systems Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (3): 395-414. Epub ahead of print 17 January 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311429341 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y, Shih C-H and Wang L-H (2013) Design, modeling and stability control for an actuated dynamic walking planar bipedal robot Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (3): 376-384. Epub ahead of print 17 January 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311429476 Liu K-C, Liu Y-W, Chen C-Y and Huang W-C (2013) Nonlinear vibration of structural deterioration in reinforced concrete columns: experimental and theoretical investigation Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (3): 323-335. Epub ahead of print 17 January 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311429477 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y and Ma J-m (2013) Development for low-cost and cross-platform robot control environment Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (2): 228-233. Epub ahead of print 11 January 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311430107 Shih B-Y, Chang H and Chen C-Y (2013) Path planning for autonomous robots – a comprehensive analysis by a greedy algorithm Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (1): 130-142. Epub ahead of print 17 January 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546311429841 Liu T-Y, Chiang W-L, Chen C-W, Hsu W-K, Lin C-W, Chiou D-J and Huang P-C (2012) Structural system identification for vibration bridges using the Hilbert–Huang transform Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (13): 1939-1956. Epub ahead of print 14 December 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311428347 Chen C-W (2012) Applications of the fuzzy Lyapunov linear matrix inequality criterion to a chaotic structural system Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (13): 1925-1938. Epub ahead of print 14 December 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311428346 Chen C-W (2012) Applications of linear differential inclusion-based criterion to a nonlinear chaotic system: a critical review Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (12): 1886-1899. Epub ahead of print 14 December 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311428345 Shih B-Y, Chen C-Y and Chou W (2012) An enhanced obstacle avoidance and path correction mechanism for an autonomous intelligent robot with multiple sensors Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (12): 1855-1864. Epub ahead of print 14 December 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311426734 Chen C-W, Yeh K, Liu KFR and Lin M-L (2012) Applications of fuzzy control to nonlinear time-delay systems using the linear matrix inequality fuzzy Lyapunov method Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (10): 1561-1574. Epub ahead of print 18 October 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311410765 Chen C-Y (2012) A critical review of internal wave dynamics. Part 2 – Laboratory experiments and theoretical physics Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (7): 983-1008. Epub ahead of print 21 September 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546310397561 Chen C-Y and Huang P-H (2012) Review of an autonomous humanoid robot and its mechanical control Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (7): 973-982. Epub ahead of print 21 September 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546310395974 Shih B-Y, Chen C-Y, Chang H and Ma J-m (2012) Dynamics and control for robotic manipulators using a greedy algorithm approach Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (6): 859-866. Epub ahead of print 25 August 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311407649 Yeh K, Chen C-W, Lo DC and Liu KFR (2012) Neural-network fuzzy control for chaotic tuned mass damper systems with time delays Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (6): 785-795. Epub ahead of print 15 August 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311407538 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y, Shih C-H and Chou W-C (2012) The development of autonomous low-cost biped mobile surveillance robot by intelligent bricks Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (5): 577-586. Epub ahead of print 21 April 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546310371349 Chen C-Y (2012) A critical review of internal wave dynamics. Part 1 – Remote sensing and in-situ observations Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (3): 417-436. Epub ahead of print 13 July 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546310395971 Tseng C-P, Chen C-W and Liu KFR (2012) Risk control allocation model for pressure vessels and piping project Journal of Vibration and Control 18 (3): 385-394. Epub ahead of print 13 July 2011. doi: 10.1177/1077546311403182 Lin M-L and Chen C-W (2011) Stability analysis of community and ecosystem hierarchies using the Lyapunov method Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (13): 1930-1937. Epub ahead of print 9 December 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546310385737 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y, Chou W-C, Li Y-J and Chen Y-H (2011) Obstacle avoidance design for a humanoid intelligent robot with ultrasonic sensors Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (12): 1798-1804. Epub ahead of print 26 November 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546310381101 Chen C-W (2011) Fuzzy control of interconnected structural systems using the fuzzy Lyapunov method Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (11): 1693-1702. Epub ahead of print 23 November 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546310379625 Shih B-Y, Chen C-Y and Chou W-C (2011) Obstacle avoidance using a path correction method for autonomous control of a biped intelligent robot Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (10): 1567-1573. Epub ahead of print 22 November 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546310372004 Tang J-P, Chiou D-J, Chen C-W, Chiang W-L, Hsu W-K, Chen C-Y and Liu T-Y (2011) A case study of damage detection in benchmark buildings using a Hilbert-Huang Transform-based method Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (4): 623-636. Epub ahead of print 8 November 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546309360053 Liu TY, Chiang WL, Chen CW, Hsu WK, Lu LC and Chu TJ (2011) Identification and monitoring of bridge health from ambient vibration data Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (4): 589-603. Epub ahead of print 12 November 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546309360049 Lin JW, Huang CW, Shih CH and Chen CY (2011) Fuzzy Lyapunov Stability Analysis and NN Modeling for Tension Leg Platform Systems Journal of Vibration and Control 17 (1): 151-158. Epub ahead of print 25 August 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546309350477 Lee WI, Chen CY, Kuo HM and Sui YC (2010) The Development of Half-circle Fuzzy Numbers and Application in Fuzzy Control Journal of Vibration and Control 16 (13): 1977-1987. Epub ahead of print 22 April 2010. doi: 10.1177/1077546309349849

At present, the productivity benefits of inkjet printing technology with high speed shows a rapid expanding trends, however, the precondition of which is its high quality presswork. Therefore, one of the top priorities now is to find better way to evaluate the presswork quality scientifically and effectively. A new parameter, ink dot fidelity, was introduced as an evaluation criterion to study the presswork quality in this paper. The four evident effect factors that fluctuated more during the printing process were chosen, such as the paper transmission speed, the print head (nozzle) voltage, the ink cartridge pressure and the distance between the print head and paper, to make the scientific orthogonal experiment design. The fluctuation rules of the ink dot fidelity corresponding to each effecting factors were obtained through intuitively analyzing of the orthogonal tables and the effect curves. Based on the experiment, the test data were fitted and optimized by using the mathematical analysis software of MATLAB and the least-square method. And then the mathematical model for ink dot fidelity and these affecting factors were created. Finally, the user interface (GUI) design platform was developed to improve the man-machine communication and the ink dot fidelity, or the presswork quality.

The abnormal plantar pressure distribution and value play a key role in the formation of plantar calluses and diabetic foot ulcer. The prevalence of the highest pressure different distribution and its association with various factors among patients with diabetes is not well known. The study purpose was to evaluate the prevalence of different regions for the highest pressure on the sole and its association with selected factors among patients with diabetes. Medical records of nonulcer patients were retrospectively analysed. The relationship between pressure patterns on the sole obtained during a pedobarographic test as a semiquantitative assessment with colourful print analysis and neuropathy, gender, age, and BMI was searched. The most common location of the highest pressure was the central part of the forefoot. No association was found between the different highest pressure regions and age, sensory neuropathy, calluses, and foot deformities. The highest pressure on the lateral part of the foot and midfoot was observed more often in females and in patients with a BMI≥35. The prevalence of the highest pressure on the forefoot was more common in patients with a BMI<35. Conclusions. The most frequent regions of the highest pressure on the sole in patients with diabetes were the central part of the forefoot (2-3 metatarsal heads) with no simple relationship to the assessed variables other than BMI<35. Female gender and higher BMI seem to be responsible for shifting the place of the highest pressure to other places of the foot.

The article is devoted to the definition of the linguistic status of the “fake” phenomenon, the study of the sources of its destructiveness as one of the types of linguistic manipulation. The work examines speech models of argumentation, persuasion, communicative pressure and fake in order to establish a number of their differential and integral features, to distinguish fake from related linguistic phenomena. The material for the study is represented by the web pages of print and online media of various levels and formats, blogs operating within the framework of public discourse. The basis for the analysis is an approach taken to distinguish between linguistic and rhetorical norms, according to which the argumentation should be considered as a correct non-rhetorical type of persuasion. In turn, as rhetorical types of persuasion, one should consider conviction, which is realized as a correct rhetorical influence, communicative pressure and fake, which are incorrect (destructive) rhetorical types of linguistic manipulation. Analysis of the components of the speech model of these linguistic phenomena and the establishment of the sources of their destructiveness makes it possible to more clearly determine fake as a separate type of linguistic manipulation. It is concluded that fake differs from argumentation by the presence of pathos in the structure of the speech model of persuasion; from argumentation and persuasion - by the implicit nature of the intention and destructive communicative orientation. Fake should also be distinguished from communicative pressure, based on the following principles: fake is unreliable false information, as well as an implicit form of intention; communicative pressure is an excess of the permissible norms of morality and ethics of a measure of influence, as well as an explicit form of intention.

Synoptic analysis of the heavy rainfall event of 7 September 2011 was carried out using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. This extraordinary rainfall event was localized over the southeast region of Bangladesh and recorded rainfall was 331 mm at Chittagong and 226 mm at Sandwip within a span of 24-h. The model was run at 9 km horizontal resolution using KF CPS with YSU PBL scheme. The model performance was evaluated by examining the different predicted parameters like mean sea level pressure, upper and lower level circulations, wind shear, relative vorticity, convergence, moisture and rainfall. The rainfall was validated with TRMM 3B42RT and observed rainfall data. The results indicate that the WRF model was able to simulate the heavy rainfall event, and associated synoptic features reasonably well, though there are some biases in the rainfall pattern. The results suggest that the highly localized heavy rain over southeast Bangladesh was the result of an interaction of the large scale monsoon system with cyclonic disturbances and required moisture have been supplied from the Bay of Bengal. The low level flow facilitated strong convergence over the region due to horizontal wind shear, which resulted in maintenance of the storms. Keywords: Heavy Rainfall; WRF Model; Simulation; Validation; TRMM. © 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i3.13171 J. Sci. Res. 5 (3), 421-434 (2013)

The building parameters of three-dimensional (3D) printed polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite bone plates were optimized by an orthogonal experiment, and the effects of the layer thickness, printing speed, filament feeding speed, and HA content on the bending strengths of the specimens were analyzed. The deformation characteristics of the specimens were studied by 3D full-field strain analysis, and the internal defects of the specimens were analyzed. The effects of different combinations of the process parameters on the cross-sectional shape of the single deposited line, printing temperature, and pressure of the molten material were further analyzed. The results showed that the factors affecting the bending properties were the layer thickness, printing speed, filament feeding speed, and HA content, successively. The optimized process parameters were an HA content of 10%, a layer thickness of 0.1 mm, a printing speed of 30 mm/s, and a filament feeding speed of 0.8 mm/s, and the optimized specimen bending strength was 103.1 ± 5.24 MPa. The deposited line with a flat section shape and width greater than the print spacing helped to reduce the porosity of the specimens. The process parameters that resulted in large high-temperature areas and a high extrusion pressure could better promote material fusion.

Abstract. Gravure printing has the characteristics including thick ink layer, bright and homochromatic color, rich and sharp tone, and strong stereoscopic impression. In the packaging-printing field, gravure printing gets more and more attentions. But in the region of gravure printing process, the study on gravure printing ink transfer is not as deep as offset print. Most researches just stay in the level of qualitative analysis, but the quantitative analysis researches are still insufficient. The factors which impact gravure printing ink transfer are not only the volume of engraving ink cell, but also printing process. In this paper, gravure printing ink transfer is analyzed quantitatively from the point of views of gravure printing pressure, printing speed, scraping blade pressure and ink viscosity. The following research has been done in this paper. Firstly, electronic engraving machine is used to engrave eight different area ink cells by 45° ink cell angle and 70lpc screen line number on the same gravure roller. Secondly, gravure proofing machine is used to make proofs in different process conditions. Thirdly, density meter is used to determine density of cell ink, and balance is used to determine the weight of ink which moves from the plate onto the paper. Finally, to analyze the influence of different printing processes on gravure printing ink transfer. The research results show that gravure printing ink transfer is influenced certainly by different printing processes. Printing process has a certain influence on the gravure printing ink transfer, and the influence degree of different dot area rate of cell is different. The doctor blade pressure and ink viscosity influence greatly gravure printing ink transfer.

Abstract Objective To test the hypothesis that use of a clinical decision support (CDS) system in a primary care setting can reduce cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients. Materials and Methods Twenty primary care clinics were randomly assigned to usual care (UC) or CDS. For CDS clinic patients identified algorithmically with high CV risk, rooming staff were prompted by the electronic health record (EHR) to print CDS that identified evidence-based treatment options for lipid, blood pressure, weight, tobacco, or aspirin management and prioritized them based on potential benefit to the patient. The intention-to-treat analysis included 7914 adults who met high CV risk criteria at an index clinic visit and had at least one post-index visit, accounted for clustering, and assessed impact on predicted annual rate of change in 10-year CV risk over a 14-month period. Results The CDS was printed at 75% of targeted visits, and providers reported 85% to 98% satisfaction with various aspects of the intervention. Predicted annual rate of change in absolute 10-year CV risk was significantly better in CDS clinics than in UC clinics (-0.59% vs. +1.66%, −2.24%; P &lt; .001), with difference in 10-year CV risk at 12 months post-index favoring the CDS group (UC 24.4%, CDS 22.5%, P &lt; .03). Discussion Deploying to both patients and providers within primary care visit workflow and limiting CDS display and print burden to two mouse clicks by rooming staff contributed to high CDS use rates and high provider satisfaction. Conclusion This EHR-integrated, web-based outpatient CDS system significantly improved 10-year CV risk trajectory in targeted adults.

Three-dimensional concrete printing is a promising technology and attracts the significant attention of research and industry. However, printable and mechanical capacities are required for 3D printable cementitious materials. Moreover, the quantitative analysis methods of printable performance are limited and have low sensitivity. In this study, the orthogonal experiment through samples combining 3D concrete printing method with fly ash, silica fume, and ground granulated blast furnace slag was designed to obtain the printable and mechanical property influence of various mix proportions. Furthermore, multiple industrial wastes were utilized to improve material sustainability. Meanwhile, the static and dynamic extrusion pressure measured by the original 3D printing extrudability tester were verified to achieve a high-sensitivity evaluating indicator. Thereby, a novel high-sensitivity quantitative analysis method of printable capacity was established to explore the influence of industrial wastes usage on the printability of 3D printable mortars. The optimum dosage of fly ash, silica fume, and ground granulated blast furnace slag was 20 wt.%, 15 wt.%, and 10 wt.%, respectively, based on printable and mechanical property experiments. Furthermore, the optimum dosage was employed to print the sample and achieved a higher compressive strength (56.3 MPa) than the control cast.

There are several claims that Godhuma patra (GP) – tender wheat – Triticum aestivum Linn. is a safe and effective treatment for ailments such as high blood pressure, some cancers, obesity, diabetes, gastritis, ulcers, anaemia, asthma and eczema. GP is rich in chlorophyll, minerals like magnesium, selenium, zinc, chromium, antioxidants like betacarotene (pro-vitamin A), vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin B12, iron, folic acid, pyridoxine and many other minerals, amino acids and enzymes, which have significant nutritious and medicinal value. To sustain its valuable contribution in allaying disease in this modern era it was expected an imminent need for a well-co-ordinated research plan on herbal drug. Keeping all this in mind, pharmacognostical and analytical study including HPTLC finger printing of GP was undertaken by making use of various parameters to standardize & authenticate in accordance to international standards and quality control of Ayurvedic drug. Macroscopy and microscopy results have been reported here. Physico-chemical tests revealed constants for routine analysis of GP. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of aqueous extract showed presence of carbohydrate / glycoside, steroids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, phenol and coumarins whereas ethanol extract showed presence of alkaloid and carbohydrate / glycoside. HPTLC finger print profile of ethanol extract of GP showed maximum compounds under 254 nm frequency i.e. 11 compounds, while densitometric scan showed the maximum peaks at 366 nm i.e. 14 peaks. This study carried out on GP not only established the data that maybe utilized for identification, but also established the monographic data on purity and standard of the leaf sample.

IntroductionPaediatric transplantation is the only curative therapeutic procedure for several end-stage rare diseases affecting different organs and body systems, causing altogether great impact in European children’s health and quality of life. Transplanted children shift their primary disease to a chronic condition of immunosuppression to avoid rejection. Longer life expectancy in children poses a greater risk of prolonged and severe side effects related to long-term immunosuppressive (IS) disabilities and secondary cancer susceptibility. The goal remains to find the best combination of IS agents that optimises allograft survival by preventing acute rejection while limiting drug toxicities. This systematic review will aim to determine the optimal IS strategy within the so-called minimisation, conversion or withdrawal strategies.Methods and analysisWe will search the following databases with no language restrictions: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library, OvidSP Medline and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily; OvidSP Embase Classic+Embase; Ebsco CINAHL Plus, complete database; WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform search portal. We will include controlled and uncontrolled clinical trials along with any prospective or retrospective study that includes a universal cohort (all participants from a centre/region/city over a certain period). Cases series and cross-sectional studies are excluded. Two review authors will independently assess the trial eligibility, risk of bias and extract appropriate data points. The outcomes included in this review are: patient survival, acute graft rejection, chronic graft rejection, diabetes, graft function, graft loss, chronic graft versus host disease, acute graft versus host disease, surgical complications, infusion complications, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease, liver function, renal function, cognition, depression, health-related quality of life, hospitalisation, high blood pressure, low blood pressure, cancer—other, cancer—skin, cardiovascular disease, bacterial infection, Epstein-Barr infection, cytomegalovirus infection, other viral infections and growth.

With the gradually maturing super-speed inkjet printing technology, people are pursuing steadier and higher speed as well as better quality presswork for the sake of increasing economic benefit. To provide an overview of the velocity fluctuation of the inkjet machine platform and the cyclical fluctuation of the incremental encoder, external clock and corresponding internal clock were applied separately to print the equally spaced lines under the same platform speed. Then a magnifier was used to measure distance between the lines, according to which the velocity fluctuation mentioned above can be obtained. Thus conclusion can be drawn from the fluctuation analysis that the velocity cycle of platform is 60mm, however, number of those produced by the incremental encoder is up to 3, including 60mm influenced by the platform, 300mm produced by the perimeter of encoders pressure wheel and 600mm produced by the circumference of dance roller. Furthermore, dance roller contributes more influence on narrow coated paper. Through this research, inkjet technician can do directional compensation for every factors to reduce the fluctuation.

Abstract Assessment of the quality of minerals, especially heavy ones, in crude oil by identifying spectral lines is very important to determine the quality and specifications of crude oil and the following treatments in production of the lines. In this study heavy metals lines (HMs) found in crude oil extracted from Iraq south field were identified that are unique spectral lines by using the laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS – mechanism), which were analyzed later by spectrometer based on the principle of finger print. The optimum spectrum (analytical lines) of metals emitted from the crude oil plasma in air were selected and determined. By determining the optimization behavior for evaluation procedure, the important condition was laser spot number (scan area). Comparison was performed between the fundamental wavelength and harmonic generation (HG) used in the laser beam to determine the optimum spectrum and optical insulator to cover the selected sample at atmospheric air pressure and room temperature. The results obtained from the actual raw spectrum were determined to represent the emission lines without the influence of foreign light (no noise) using the optical isolator, and unique new analytical lines were identified when increasing the number of lasers points up to 5 points, and a balanced spectrum was determined with good absorption when using a basic wavelength of 1064 nm. Difficulties were presented due to the characteristics of the crude oil as organic liquid case. The optimum results obtained indicated that the LIPS technique is effective and a control technique to well identify the spectrum lines of the heavy metals (HMs) presented in the crude oil.

Electromyography (EMG), the measurement of electrical muscle activity, is used in a variety of applications, including myoelectric upper-limb prostheses, which help amputees to regain independence and a higher quality of life. The state-of-the-art sensors in prostheses have a conductive connection to the skin and are therefore sensitive to sweat and require preparation of the skin. They are applied with some pressure to ensure a conductive connection, which may result in pressure marks and can be problematic for patients with circulatory disorders, who constitute a major group of amputees. Due to their insulating layer between skin and sensor area, capacitive sensors are insensitive to the skin condition, they require neither conductive connection to the skin nor electrolytic paste or skin preparation. Here, we describe a highly stable, low-power capacitive EMG measurement set-up that is suitable for real-world application. Various flexible multi-layer sensor set-ups made of copper and insulating foils, flex print and textiles were compared. These flexible sensor set-ups adapt to the anatomy of the human forearm, therefore they provide high wearing comfort and ensure stability against motion artifacts. The influence of the materials used in the sensor set-up on the magnitude of the coupled signal was demonstrated based on both theoretical analysis and measurement.The amplifier circuit was optimized for high signal quality, low power consumption and mobile application. Different shielding and guarding concepts were compared, leading to high SNR.

Gender bias in the media coverage of political elections has long been theorized as a major obstacle to women’s success in elections and their institutional representation. However, this view of persistent media bias against women politicians is increasingly subject to pressure by inconsistent evidence of size and patterns of gender bias. This paper argues that some of these inconsistencies derive from a lack of attention to contextual influences of electoral coverage. This study analyzes gender bias in the amount and content of media coverage in the run-up to Swiss federal elections in 2015 by means of a quantitative content analysis. Drawing on an extensive sample of print, online and audiovisual election coverage from the most important tabloid and broadsheet media of three different language regions, the results reveal mixed evidence of gender bias: On the one hand, women candidates remain underrepresented in Swiss media. On the other hand, however, once they are covered by the media, candidates are overwhelmingly presented in a gender-neutral way. Several differences emerge between language regions and media type. Extending the traditional gender bias hypothesis to account for contextual influences, the study illustrates that the geo-cultural and media-specific contextual influences of election coverage impinge on the gendered mediation of candidates together with known drivers of political communication, such as incumbency, the electoral system, and party ideology.

The 3D printing techniques have been explored extensively in recent years for pharmaceutical manufacturing and drug delivery applications. The current investigation aims to explore 3D printing for the design and development of a nanomedicine-based oral solid dosage form of a poorly water-soluble drug. A self-nanoemulsifying tablet formulation of dapagliflozin propanediol monohydrate was developed utilizing the semisolid pressure-assisted microsyringe (PAM) extrusion-based 3D printing technique. The developed formulation system consists of two major components (liquid and solid phase), which include oils (caproyl 90, octanoic acid) and co-surfactant (PEG 400) as liquid phase while surfactant (poloxamer 188) and solid matrix (PEG 6000) as solid-phase excipients that ultimately self-nanoemulsify as a drug encapsulated nanoemulsion system on contact with aqueous phase/gastrointestinal fluid. The droplet size distribution of the generated nanoemulsion from a self-nanoemulsifying 3D printed tablet was observed to be 104.7 ± 3.36 nm with polydispersity index 0.063 ± 0.024. The FT-IR analysis of the printed tablet revealed that no drug-excipients interactions were observed. The DSC and X-RD analysis of the printed tablet revealed that the loaded drug is molecularly dispersed in the crystal lattice of the tablet solid matrix and remains solubilized in the liquid phase of the printed tablet. SEM image of the drug-loaded self-nanoemulsifying tablets revealed that dapagliflozin propanediol monohydrate was completely encapsulated in the solid matrix of the printed tablet, which was further confirmed by SEM-EDS analysis. The in vitro dissolution profile of dapagliflozin-loaded self-nanoemulsifying tablet revealed an immediate-release drug profile for all three sizes (8 mm, 10 mm, and 12 mm) tablets, exhibiting >75.0% drug release within 20 min. Thus, this study has emphasized the capability of the PAM-based 3D printing technique to print a self-nanoemulsifying tablet dosage form with an immediate-release drug profile for poorly water-soluble drug.

An attempt has been made to simulate a heavy rainfall event on 14 September 2004 over Dhaka, Bangladesh using the fifth-generation PSU/NCAR Mesoscale model (MM5). This was an extraordinary rainfall event and recorded 341 mm rainfall in 24-h which was the highest ever recorded. The MM5 model was run on triple-nested domains at 45, 15, 5 km horizontal resolutions using Anthes-Kuo cumulus scheme. The model performance was evaluated by examining the different predicted parameters like mean sea level pressure, upper and lower level circulations, moisture, windshear, vorticity, convergence and rainfall. The model derived rainfall was compared with TRMM rainfall. The present results indicate that the MM5 model with the right combination of the nesting domain, horizontal resolution and cumulus scheme was able to simulate the heavy rainfall event, and associated dynamical and thermo-dynamical features reasonably well. The MM5 model suggested that the highly localized heavy rain over Dhaka was the result of an interaction of the monsoon land depression with southwest summer monsoon weather systems. The analysis shows that the depression almost remains stationary over southwest Bangladesh and zone of heavy rain was laid over Dhaka, and required moisture have been supplied from the Bay of Bengal.Keywords: Depression; Heavy rainfall; TRMM; MM5 model; High resolution.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.6656 J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 261-270 (2011)

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technology is an attractive method for the prompt and accurate on-site screening of illicit drugs. As portable Raman systems are available for on-site screening, the readiness of SERS technology for sensing applications is predominantly dependent on the accuracy, stability and cost-effectiveness of the SERS strip. An atmospheric-pressure plasma-assisted chemical deposition process that can deposit an even distribution of nanogold particles in a one-step process has been developed. The process was used to print a nanogold film on a paper-based substrate using a HAuCl4 solution precursor. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis demonstrates that the gold has been fully reduced and that subsequent plasma post-treatment decreases the carbon content of the film. Results for cocaine detection using this substrate were compared with two commercial SERS substrates, one based on nanogold on paper and the currently available best commercial SERS substrate based on an Ag pillar structure. A larger number of bands associated with cocaine was detected using the plasma-printed substrate than the commercial substrates across a range of cocaine concentrations from 1 to 5000 ng/mL. A detection limit as low as 1 ng/mL cocaine with high spatial uniformity was demonstrated with the plasma-printed substrate. It is shown that the plasma-printed substrate can be produced at a much lower cost than the price of the commercial substrate.

Abstract When reporting surface quality, the roughest surface is a reference for the measurements. In LPBF due to recoil pressure and scan movement, asymmetric surface is shaped, and surface roughness has different values in different measurement orientations. In this research, the influence of the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process parameters on surface tension and roughness of Ti-6AI-4 V parts in three orientations are investigated. To improve the mechanical properties, heat treatment was carried out and added to the designed matrix to generate a comprehensive data set. Taguchi design of experiment was employed to print 25 samples with five process parameters and post-processing. The effect and interaction of the parameters on the formation of surface profile comprising tension, morphology and roughness in various directions have been analysed. The main contribution of this paper is developing a model to approximate the melting pool temperature and surface tension based on the process parameters. Other contributions are an analysis of process parameters to determine the formation and variation of surface tension and roughness and explain the governing mechanisms through rheological phenomena. Results showed that the main driving factors in the variation of surface tension and formation of the surface profile are thermophysical properties of the feedstock, rheology and the temperature of the melting pool. Also, the results showed that while the value of surface tension is the same for each test case, morphology and the value of roughness are different when analysing the surface in perpendicular, parallel and angled directions to laser movement.

Essential hypertension and its common complication - chronic heart failure, is one of the most significant medical, economic and social problems in the XXI century. At the same time, this pathology is 30-40% genetically predisposed. One of significant pathogenic factors is the inheritance of definite variants of genes, coding the receptors to angiotensin II type 1. For this reason, the effective and inexpensive researches for screening of the mentioned genetic phenomenon are being carried out. Objective: to improve the screening diagnostic methods for carriers of polymorphic genes of angiotensin II type 1 receptors with essential hypertension and essential hypertension complicated by chronic heart failure. There were studied dermatoglyphic prints of men 40-60 years, who are carriers of polymorphic gene variants of angiotensin II type 1 receptor with no cardiovascular diseases (n=79), male patients with essential hypertension and hypertrophy of the myocardium (stage II), II-III stages (n=62) and essential hypertension (n=50) complicated by chronic heart failure, residents of Podillya region of Ukraine. Genotyping of the gene of angiotensin II type 1 receptor was performed using polymerase chain reaction. All patients included in the control group and those with essential hypertension underwent dermatoglyphic examination of fingers on both hands using modern portable rolling scanner Futronic FS50 (Korea). Interpretation and decoding of dermatoglyphic prints was conducted by T. D. Gladkova’s method. Statistical analysis was done on personal computer using standard statistical package “STATISTICA 10.0”. The found ulnar loop was dominant dermatoglyphic print regardless of the presence or absence of essential hypertension and chronic heart failure in 40-60 year old men. Besides, positive correlation relationship was revealed between the inheritance gene of angiotensin II type 1 receptors and fingerprint patterns: the third finger on the left hand in males with no cardiovascular pathology (weak strength) and the second finger on the right hand in patients with essential hypertension (medium strength). In individuals with no cardiovascular diseases, carriers of genotype A1166A, prevalence of ulnar loop on the third finger of left hand is higher than in carriers of C allele gene of angiotensin II type 1 receptors. In males with essential hypertension, carriers of C allele, degree of incidence of the whorl on the second finger of right hand is significantly higher than in carriers of genotype А1166А, offering the possibility to determine the carriership of a particular gene of angiotensin II type 1 receptors. Carrying out dermatoglyphic examination in patients with an increase in blood pressure and determining the variant of carrier of the gene of the receptor to angiotensin II type 1 will make it possible to facilitate the selection of those individuals who in the future need to spend all the necessary amount of research to confirm the diagnosis of essential hypertension and the possible development of complications of the course of this cardiovascular disease.

As reported extensively in both electronic and print media in Indonesia, high wave and anomalously high sea level phenomena occurred in February 2008 in Indonesian waters, mainly along the western coast of Sumatra and the southern coasts of Java-Bali. Tropical Cyclone (TC) Nicholas, occurring in northwestern coastal waters of Australia between 11 and 20 February 2008, might have contributed to the existence of these phenomena in the Indonesian region. This study focused on investigating the effect of TC Nicholas on the increases in sea levels in the Indonesian waters by analyzing residual water levels (non-astronomic tide). In this regard, a storm tide event (the sum of the astronomical tide and storm surge generated by the TC Nicholas) was simulated in this region using the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). The residual water levels were obtained by removing the tidal part (astronomic tide) from the ROMS simulated total water levels. In addition, to confirm possible influences of TC Nicholas, a lagged correlation analysis was applied between atmospheric pressure at the center of TC Nicholas and residual water level oscillations in the Indonesian waters. It was found that the residual water levels showed a strong correlation with the atmospheric pressure at the center of TC Nicholas in some areas of the Indonesian seas, such as the western coast of Sumatra, the southern coast of Java, Lesser Sunda Islands, and the southern coast of Papua. The increased sea levels on the western coast of Sumatra are up to 16 cm, with TC Nicholas leading the residual water level by 4.18 days (TL: time lag). Meanwhile, they are up to 20 cm (TL = 5.75 days), 21 cm (TL = 1.12 days), and 38 cm (TL = 3.96 days) on the southern coast of Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, and the southern coast of Papua, respectively. The results of this study could be used as an initial assessment to investigate the most vulnerable Indonesian coastal areas to the impact of the TC and they might be significantly beneficial for designing both a proper disaster risk reduction program and investment policies in the region, particularly in the context of flood risk reduction and adaptation.

Under the somewhat different, certainly intentionally punning title, Unter Druck: Mitteleuropäische Buchmalerei im Zeitalter Gutenbergs / Under Pressure / Printing […] in the Age of Gutenberg, this volume first appeared in German (Lucerne: Quaternio, 2015) to accompany a series of twelve different exhibitions of largely fifteenth-century book illumination across Central Europe. The exhibitions in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland were held, in part overlapping, from September 2015 – March 2017. They were bookended by exhibits in Vienna and Munich (for the latter, see Bilderwelten. Buchmalerei zwischen Mittelalter und Neuzeit. Katalogband zu den Ausstellungen in der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek vom 13. April 2016 bis 24. Februar 2017, ed. Jeffrey F. Hamburger et al. Buchmalerei des 15. Jahrhunderts in Mitteleuropa, 3 (Lucerne: Quaternio, 2016). For each of ten somewhat smaller exhibitions a catalogue of uniform size and format was produced; they are, according to the publisher, already out of print. The three editors of the more comprehensive collection, Painting the Page, penned contributions that complement Eberhard König’s study, “Colour for the Black Art,” which traces <?page nr="451"?>the development of ornamentation to the Gutenberg and following printed Bibles. Early printed Bibles, in Latin or in the vernacular, tended only to provide space for initial and marginal, as opposed to full page illumination. These admittedly limited artistic accomplishments often allow for more precise localization of incunabula than other available resources. At the same time, differences and even misunderstandings – such as failure to follow instructions to the illuminator – on occasion lead to fruitful cultural analysis. Finally, printed copies that were never adorned were sometimes in the past thought to be superior, untouched, as it were, by the artistry of the ‘old’ manuscript world. König argues that the study of early printed books, and especially the illuminations they contain, should be celebrated not only as ancillary scholarship, but also as a discipline in its own right.

Background Access to comprehensive exercise and rehabilitation services for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) remains a major challenge, especially in rural, low-income areas. Hence, the Tele-Exercise and Multiple Sclerosis (TEAMS) study aims to provide patient-centered, coordinated care by implementing a 12-week complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) intervention for adults with MS. However, due to the societal impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in mid-March 2020, the University of Alabama at Birmingham announced a limited business model halting all nonessential research requiring on-site visits, which includes the TEAMS study. Objective In compliance with the shelter-in-place policy and quarantine guidance, a modified testing and training protocol was developed to allow participants to continue the study. Methods The modified protocol, which replaces on-site data collection and training procedures, includes a teleassessment package (computer tablet, blood pressure cuff, hand dynamometer, mini disc cone, measuring tape, an 8” step, and a large-print 8” × 11” paper with ruler metrics and wall-safe tape) and a virtual meeting platform for synchronous interactive training between the therapist and the participant. The teleassessment measures include resting blood pressure and heart rate, grip strength, Five Times Sit to Stand, Timed Up & Go, and the Berg Balance Scale. The teletraining component includes 20 sessions of synchronous training sessions of dual tasking, yoga, and Pilates exercises designed and customized for a range of functional levels. Teletraining lasts 12 weeks and participants are instructed to continue exercising for a posttraining period of 9 months. Results The protocol modifications were supported with supplemental funding (from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute) and approved by the University Institutional Review Board for Human Use. At the time nonessential research visits were halted by the university, there were 759 people enrolled and baseline tested, accounting for 92.5% of our baseline testing completion target (N=820). Specifically, 325 participants completed the 12-week intervention and follow-up testing visits, and 289 participants needed to complete either the intervention or follow-up assessments. A modified analysis plan will include sensitivity analyses to ensure the robustness of the study results in the presence of uncertainty and protocol deviations. Study results are projected to be published in 2021. Conclusions This modified remote teleassessment/teletraining protocol will impact a large number of participants with MS who would otherwise have been discontinued from the study. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03117881; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03117881 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/18415

This article examines the commercialization of content in print and online newspapers in Iceland over the past decade in the context of international trends. Market forces are said to be guiding the values and priorities of editorial decisions in news media in Western countries more than ever before. Traditional revenue models have been shattered and competition for audiences and advertising has intensified, not least because of technological changes. Research indicates that media in some countries are more resistant to commercialization than others and that online newspapers may be more susceptible to market pressures than print media. This study explores the amount and prominence of hard and soft news in the main Icelandic newspapers and their online counterparts in 2005, 2009, and 2013. The findings suggest that commercialization increased considerably in online newspapers that published significantly more soft news in 2013 compared to 2005. In print newspapers, the increase in soft news coverage was significantly less during the same period.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze how strategic renewal occurs in large incumbent newspaper companies facing a specific context of environment scarcity (i.e. environmental dissolution (the market gradually changing in size and scope)). Within the media industry, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) offers a particularly interesting research setting because the number of competitors in the regional market is regulated by the government; consequently, the incumbent firms face the same local environment. This situation offers the possibility to shed light on how the orientation of the top management team (TMT) of the firm influences the strategic renewal and the traditional business model of the firm. Design/methodology/approach The strategic renewal of the three largest incumbents of the print newspapers in KSA over 12 years (from 2000 to 2012) was analyzed with a qualitative approach (archival data and 30 interviews with the TMTs of each company and with external observers). A two-step analysis of within-case analysis and cross-case analysis was used. Findings Building on Schmitt et al.’s (2016) framework, it was empirically found that depending on the orientation of the TMT, the managerial perception of the firm’s environment within the same scarcity situation leads to different strategic renewal responses. The findings demonstrate that internally oriented TMTs engage in incremental business model changes, while externally oriented TMTs engage in disruptive business model changes. However, management’s attitude toward technology has been neglected in the literature so far, and it was concluded that technology plays a mediating role in strategy renewal. Research limitations/implications Recent research on strategic renewal in times of environmental scarcity has built on both population ecology and strategic choice literatures and has argued that varying CEO perceptions can lead to very different strategic responses. Other research on business models has started to explore the role of technology in business model evolution. In the context of environmental dissolution, it can be argued that the attitude of the TMT toward technology has a mediating role in business model evolution. Practical implications In times of environmental dissolution – the traditional market of the firm changes not only in size but also in scope – strategic renewal is conditioned by the orientation of the TMT and its attitude toward technology. When the traditional business model of the firm is put under pressure by such changes, teams with an external orientation or an appetite for technology will be more likely able to engage in business model disruption. Originality/value The authors have had the opportunity to conduct case studies on three large newspapers companies in a country where the regulation is very strong and press freedom is not comparable to other European or North-American countries.