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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Property organisations"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 січня 2023
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Property organisations"

1

Huuskonen, Arto Pekka Juhani. "Supply network design in the residential-FM sector." Facilities 32, no. 11/12 (August 4, 2014): 723–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-11-2012-0092.

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Анотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine supply network designs that large service organisations use in the residential-FM sector to respond to the organising requirements of their operating environments. Design/methodology/approach – The study is theoretically grounded in the well-established literature on the organisational design and structural contingency theory. Utilising a framework of generic organising problems proposed by Miles and Snow (1978) and a multiple-case study design, the study elaborates how large service organisations organise and manage their supply networks in the Finnish residential-FM sector. Findings – The study identifies four supply network designs that organisations use for responding to the organising problems inherent in the property and resident services domains in the residential-FM sector. These include regional production organisation, horizontal decentralisation, environment stabilisation and demand – supply pooling, reflecting the type of the service-market domain and the organisation’s service strategy. Originality/value – The study contributes to the facilities management literature by expanding the field of inquiry from the commercial real estate sector into the emerging field of professional residential facility services. In particular, the study adds to the discussion on supply strategies and design, offering a service provider perspective to the organisation of service supply in housing.
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2

Ali, Hisham, Jawad Ahmad, Zakwan Jaroucheh, Pavlos Papadopoulos, Nikolaos Pitropakis, Owen Lo, Will Abramson, and William J. Buchanan. "Trusted Threat Intelligence Sharing in Practice and Performance Benchmarking through the Hyperledger Fabric Platform." Entropy 24, no. 10 (September 28, 2022): 1379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24101379.

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Анотація:
Historically, threat information sharing has relied on manual modelling and centralised network systems, which can be inefficient, insecure, and prone to errors. Alternatively, private blockchains are now widely used to address these issues and improve overall organisational security. An organisation’s vulnerabilities to attacks might change over time. It is utterly important to find a balance among a current threat, the potential countermeasures, their consequences and costs, and the estimation of the overall risk that this provides to the organisation. For enhancing organisational security and automation, applying threat intelligence technology is critical for detecting, classifying, analysing, and sharing new cyberattack tactics. Trusted partner organisations can then share newly identified threats to improve their defensive capabilities against unknown attacks. On this basis, organisations can help reduce the risk of a cyberattack by providing access to past and current cybersecurity events through blockchain smart contracts and the Interplanetary File System (IPFS). The suggested combination of technologies can make organisational systems more reliable and secure, improving system automation and data quality. This paper outlines a privacy-preserving mechanism for threat information sharing in a trusted way. It proposes a reliable and secure architecture for data automation, quality, and traceability based on the Hyperledger Fabric private-permissioned distributed ledger technology and the MITRE ATT&CK threat intelligence framework. This methodology can also be applied to combat intellectual property theft and industrial espionage.
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3

Stonkienė, Marija. "Žinių nuosavybės teisių apsauga verslo organizacijoje." Informacijos mokslai 40 (January 1, 2007): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2007.0.3465.

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Анотація:
Straipsnyje aptariama verslo organizacijos þiniø nuosavybës teisinës apsaugos sistema. Verslo organizacijos þinias suvokiant kaip nematerialius objektus, teigiama savita iðreikðtø þiniø nuosavybës apsaugos galimybë intelektinës nuosavybës teisës normomis. Ávertinus verslo organizacijos neiðreikðtø þiniø naudojimo teisinio reguliavimo galimybes, konstatuojama, kad konkurencijos teisës normomis ribojamas verslo organizacijos neiðreikðtø þiniø naudojimas, darbo teisës normomis numatoma galimybë kompensuoti darbdavio iðlaidas darbuotojo þiniø gausinimui, jei darbuotojas keièia darbo vietà. Straipsnyje teigiama, kad verslo organizacijos þiniø portfelio nuosavybës teisinës apsaugos sistemà sudaro ne tik intelektinës nuosavybës teisës normos, bet ir specialios konkurencijos ir darbo teisës normos. Remiantis Lietuvos teisës normø analize supaþindinama su verslo organizacijos neiðreikðtø þiniø sklaidos teisiniu reguliavimu.* Protection of knowledge property rights in business organizationsMarija Stonkienë SummaryThe article presents the idea of protection of knowledge property rights in business organisations. The knowledge possessed by a business organisation is treated as an intangible object. It is maintained that the norms of protection of intellectual property are also applicable to the protection of the organisation’s explicit knowledge. The system of protection of intellectual property determines that only such explicit knowledge may be regarded as an object of intellectual property, which is defined as such in legal acts, which conforms to identification requirements and conditions of protection of intangible assets as set forth in legal acts. It is noted that the possibilities of protection of intellectual property are determined by the explicit knowledge of an organisation. Transfer of property rights related to tacit knowledge is impossible for a business organisation because of specific features of such knowledge. Legal regulation is aimed at the use of tacit knowledge of a business organisation or individual (organisation’s staff member), which has been produced out of the resources of this business organisation, and in the interests of this business organisation. The use of tacit knowledge in the interests of a business organisation is ensured by protection of trade secrets of the business organisation, thus limiting unfair competition of the personnel of a business organisation. The article maintains that the system of protection of the knowledge portfolio property rights of a business organisation embraces not only legal norms related to intellectual property but also special legal norms related to competition as well as to labour relations.
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4

Slaev, Aleksandar D. "Complex private-common property rights in institutional and planning theories." Planning Theory 19, no. 2 (September 16, 2019): 193–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473095219874832.

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This research focuses on a substantial gap between theories of institutions and property rights: institutions are accepted as complex social structures, but property rights are generally considered as simple, that is, either private or public. Although usually unacknowledged, this simplified understanding of property rights is actually based on Samuelson’s theory developed six decades ago. According to Samuelson, the inherent characteristics of goods determine whether they are privately or collectively consumed commodities. Although Samuelson does not propose a mandatory unambiguous link between types of consumption and types of ownership, his theory implies that in principle, private goods are consumed and owned privately and public goods are consumed and owned publicly. Thus, in Samuelson’s theory, institutions are redundant. This article maintains that people need institutions and organisations because resources are scarce, and most resources are too expensive for individual use/consumption. To access such resources, people form groups and create organisations and institutions, thereby reducing the individual costs of use and consumption. As complex systems, institutions generate complex property rights – common/collective to the members of an organisation, but private to that organisation (the union of members). Furthermore, institutions determine the patterns of interaction between planning and the market (as the two main mechanisms of exercising property rights) at all levels of the multilevel structure of organisations and society. The article argues that Buchanan’s theory of clubs offers a more accurate explanation of the nature of property rights as relevant to institutions.
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5

Knutsson, Hans, and Anna Thomasson. "Exploring organisational hybridity from a learning perspective." Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 14, no. 4 (October 9, 2017): 430–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qram-04-2016-0030.

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Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore if the application of a framework building on organisational learning focusing on organisational processes can increase our understanding of how hybrid organisation develops over time and why they fail to live up to external expectations. Design/methodology/approach The aim of this study is descriptive and explorative. It is accordingly designed as a qualitatively oriented case study. To capture the process of forming and developing hybrid organisations, the study takes a longitudinal approach. The case chosen for the study is a municipally owned company in Sweden providing waste management services. The study revolves around empirical data gathered in official documents and in face-to-face interviews. All the data concern the time span between 2004 and 2016. Findings The analysis of the case studied provides us with insights into how hybridity manifests itself in mind-set and processes. There is a need for individuals within and around the organisation to be aware of and accept new goals and strategies to change their behaviour accordingly. The result of this study thus shows that contrary to findings in previous research on hybrid organisations, merely changing the structure of the organisation is not sufficient. Instead, learning is key to the development of hybridity and to overcome goal incongruence and conflicts of interest in hybrid organisations. However, this takes time and is likely to be dependent on individuals’ willingness to accept and adapt these new strategies and goals. Research limitations/implications The result of this study is based on one single case study in one specific hybrid context. No empirical generalisation is aspired to. Instead, the aim has been to – through an explorative approach – make an analytical contribution to the knowledge about hybrid organisations. Further studies are thus necessary to deepen the understanding of the hybrid context and the situations under which hybrid organisations operate and develop. Practical implications Based on the result from this study, it seems that an organisation needs to learn how to be a hybrid organisation. There are no isolated structural solutions that can create a hybrid organisation other than in a formal sense. New ways to exploit organisational resources and the hybrid context are necessary to find new and innovative ways of how to use the hybrid context in a way that improves service sector delivery. Originality/value Predominately, research on hybrid organisations has until recently been working with the premise that hybrids are not a breed of its own but a mix of two or several ideal types. Consequently, the result from this type of research has often landed in a conclusion regarding the complexity of combining what often is considered contradictory and conflicting goals. In this paper, a different and novel approach is taken. The paper illustrates how hybrid organisations develop over time, and it suggests that hybridity manifests itself in mindset and processes. The main contribution is an exploration and illustration of how organisational learning may be considered as the missing link between the structural orientation of previous explanations of hybrid organisations and the organisational property of hybridity. Hybridity is the result of exposure to, acceptance of and adaptation to new goals and strategies and expresses itself in “hybrid behaviour”.
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Menzies, Jane, Lydia Xynas, Stuart Orr, and Mona Chung. "Intellectual Property, Business and China: Taking a Stand." Deakin Law Review 18, no. 1 (August 1, 2013): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2013vol18no1art59.

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Анотація:
Over the last 40 years, China has developed laws for the protection of intellectual property rights. Unfortunately, these laws have not been uniformly enforced, making such protection problematic for Australian and other foreign organisations wishing to do business in China. This article first scrutinises the current Chinese laws covering intellectual property protection. It then examines the outcomes of a qualitative study that addressed intellectual property protection issues faced by selected Australian organisations conducting business with Chinese counterparts located in China. Forty Australian business managers/owners from Australian companies having business relationships with Chinese firms were interviewed for this study. The findings show that protection issues are only relevant to certain types of businesses that have intellectual property to protect. Nevertheless, a number of the managers/owners interviewed believed that infringement threats were real and inevitable in China, and some had even experienced cases of copying. The study found that, despite such concerns, there was little evidence of organisations taking proactive and positive steps to adequately protect their intellectual property. In order to address this, the authors of this article have developed a protection strategy that incorporates the use of the law, together with firms’ organisational designs, so that foreign firms can protect their rights when interacting with the Chinese market.
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7

Munoz, Albert, Mathew Todres, and Laura Rook. "Empowering Organisations to Gain From Uncertainty: a Conceptualisation of Antifragility Through Leveraging Organisational Routines in Uncertain Environments." Australasian Business, Accounting and Finance Journal 15, no. 3 (2021): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v15i3.3.

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Анотація:
Economic shifts, disruptive innovations, and competitive rivalries continuously reshape the operating environment of organisations. Such uncertainty impacts organisations and raises significant challenges. While many organisations tend to respond to uncertainty by adopting loss minimisation strategies, others see uncertainty as an opportunity to achieve gains. The latter view is exemplified in Taleb’s (2012) concept of ‘antifragility’, a property of systems that gain when exposed to uncertainty. For organisations, the challenge lies in the identification and execution of fundamental artefacts to accomplish work to achieve antifragile outcomes. One such artefact is the organisational routine; repeatable, regular patterns of behaviour and actions that influence performance. This paper conceptualises the intersection between antifragility, uncertainty management, and organisational routines literatures to identify four routine archetypes that can guide actions that contribute to organisational antifragility. Theoretically, this paper identifies how these archetypes arise from the interplay between temporal action (as tendencies towards proactive or reactive action) and risk mitigation strategies (as preference towards redundancies or flexibilities). Developed insights bring forth a foundation for predictive models of performance, and guidance for organisations aiming to thrive, rather than just survive, in uncertain environments. This paper concludes with the identification of further research avenues.
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LUOMA, TUIJA, JAAKKO PAASI, and KATRI VALKOKARI. "INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN INTER-ORGANISATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS — FINDINGS FROM AN INTERVIEW STUDY." International Journal of Innovation Management 14, no. 03 (June 2010): 399–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919610002702.

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Анотація:
The paper describes findings from an interview study about intellectual property management practices in inter-organisational relationships. A total of 40 companies and public organisations in Finland and in the Netherlands were studied using semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The organisations represented different sizes and fields of industry. About 90% of the interviewed companies collaborated in their innovation efforts. However, the companies generally mentioned that the management of intellectual property and knowledge is very challenging when other actors are involved in parts of the innovation development process. Confidentiality agreements are typically used to ensure knowledge protection in these relationships. Patenting is important for about half of the companies, but joint patenting is not a common practice. Companies in Finland and in the Netherlands are seen to behave very similarly with regards to the collaboration activities and intellectual property (IP) management in these relationships.
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Then, Danny Shiem-Shin. "A PROACTIVE PROPERTY MANAGEMENT MODEL THAT INTEGRATES REAL ESTATE PROVISION AND FACILITIES SERVICES MANAGEMENT." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 9, no. 1 (March 31, 2005): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2005.9637524.

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Анотація:
The creation of suitable workplace environment to support employees in performing their tasks is becoming a key issue for many organisations faced with constant change. Numerous workplace strategies have evolved in recent years to provide for convenience and flexibility, as well as functionality and privacy. Problems usually arise at the implementation stage where organisation culture and practices often run counter to the need for innovation strategies. This paper contents that the creation of enabling workplace requires a proactive property management model that integrate real estate provision and facilities services management. The value contribution of real estate assets can only be optimised when the property/facilities professional takes on the responsibility of continuously providing appropriate facility solutions to business challenges. An essential prerequisite is the role of property/facilities management as the custodian and enabler of the corporate workplace environment. The focus of the research was to provide a business perspective to the role of real estate assets(property) in supporting the fulfilment of corporate business plans. Based a comprehensive survey of published literature and a series of in‐depth interviews of corporate real estate/property/facilities managers, an integrating resources management framework was developed to model the nature of interactions between strategic business planning and facility operations in an organisational setting.
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Roberts, Simon. "How Property Can Help Organisations Achieve their Objectives." Facilities 9, no. 3 (March 1991): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02632779110005566.

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Дисертації з теми "Property organisations"

1

Ismail, Iskandar. "The operational property management process in large non-property organisations in Malaysia : an organisational perspective." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319774.

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2

Knox-Davies, Barrie. "The extent to which a learning organisation culture influences employee engagement in two service based organisations in the property sector of South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23452.

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Анотація:
Increasingly the competitiveness of organisations will depend on the level of service and quality of experience offered by the employees of the organisation. In short, it is the employees within an organisation that define how successful the organisation can be to the market. The opportunity to outperform competitors lies in the ability to innovate quicker, respond faster and better understand the needs of the consumer, in so doing, becoming the organisation that creates the next trend rather than follow it. The key to achieving outstanding performance, driving both bottom-line revenue and sustained growth in the long term is in harnessing the collective knowledge latent within the organisation and freely available just beyond the organisation in the external context. This can only be done through developing a strong Learning Organisational Culture. The impact this has on the organisation is in improving employee engagement providing the catalyst in which employees perform at an optimum, minimising the unproductive cycles of the organisation resulting from employee turnover, lost intellectual capital and general employee apathy. The study provides evidence that Learning Organisation Culture is positively correlated with Employee Engagement. Copyright 2010, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Knox-Davies, B 2010, The extent to which a learning organisation culture influences employee engagement in two service based organisations in the property sector of South Africa, MBA dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03242012-174550 / > F12/4/208/zw
Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted
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3

Nurick, Saul. "An investigation into the mechanisms that are steering large property owning organisations to implement green building features." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16958.

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Анотація:
Corporate social and environmental responsibility (CSR/CER) are terms that are often used to brand a company in a positive light. This does not necessarily mean that every organisation implements social and environmental initiatives with the same degree of vigour and commitment. South African property owning organisations are becoming increasingly aware that being socially and environmentally responsible can encompass the design and operation of their buildings. It is for this reason that these types of organisations are searching for ways to implement green building initiatives in their property portfolios. The implementation of environmentally friendly/green initiatives is viewed as Socially Responsible Property Investments (SRPI). Green building initiatives are slowly being adopted by some property owning organisations in South Africa, especially after the formal establishment of the Green Building Council of South Africa (GBCSA) in 2007. Implementation of green building initiatives have been met with multiple barriers by property owning organisations, such as lack of education by the professional team with regards to cost of green features and the processes involved in gaining green certification. Three prominent property owning organisations in Cape Town, two corporate and the other an academic institution were chosen as suitable case studies and analysed. Multiple respondents were interviewed for each case study and asked questions regarding their social and environmental initiatives and to what degree, if at all, they are attempting to implement green building features in their buildings. These questions were used to compare the organisation's actions to the content of its CSR policy. It was found that the adoption of green building initiatives was based on the type of property owning organisation, be it corporate or non-corporate. The property owning type has resulted in differing motives for implementation of green initiatives; however there are some common motives regardless of the company type, such as the financial feasibility of implementing said initiatives. The final results of this research revealed that although there is a small gap between a property owning company's CSR policy to that of its stated social and environmental initiatives, the gap between the CSR policy and its green building initiatives is still relatively large.
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4

Baker, Marzena K. "Women's progression to leadership: A project-based organisational perspective." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/91852/1/Marzena_Baker_Thesis.pdf.

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This is a qualitative study of female underrepresentation in leadership roles in project-based organisations in Australia, specifically the construction and property development industries. Using a gender lens, the underlying structural and cultural barriers to women's advancement to leadership in those organisations was studied and, in particular, what challenges they face in their career advancement and what attempts they make to resolve those challenges. The findings show that the unique characteristics of project-based organisations, with their perpetual masculine work practices, embedded masculine logic, gender-based bias and masculine organisational culture, all maintain the pattern of underrepresentation of women.
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5

Tay, Linda. "Antecedents and consequences of marketing organisation in professional property services (PPS) firms." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325002.

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Clarke, Mervyn C. "Developing a performance assessment model to support organisational property decision making." Thesis, Ulster University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685547.

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Анотація:
This research is focused on developing a methodology to quantify the support operational property or corporate real estate (CRE) is providing in pursuit of an organisation's core business. Literature suggests the extent CRE supports achievement of core business goals depends on how well CRE is aligned with corporate strategy. To measure how well property is aligned requires the identification and prioritisation of property attributes or criteria that reflect the CRE strategy and thus the corporate strategy. Management of CRE is a role under Corporate Real Estate Management (CREM) or Facilities Management (FM) and both these professions strive to added value to the property management process. Therefore a methodology to measure and enhance property performance in relation to core business through targeted CREM/FM interventions is potentially a means by which these professions could further demonstrate their added value. Evaluation criteria are required to measure the alignment performance of a property and thus develop the assessment methodology or model. Review of CREM and FM literature found a plethora of potential hard and soft property criteria. These were structured under three hierarchal levels giving 13 performance categories, 37 factors and 172 indicators. Following this the performance factors were filtered by an industry panel and the importance rated by a group of senior estate managers before further simplification using factor analysis. The final property performance assessment model (PPAM) construct contains 10 extracted performance areas and 34 performance factors. The PPAM was successfully tested on a sample group of eight properties to assess their performance, identify where performance could be improved, and evaluate the potential range of property interventions available. The PPAM can help aid CRE decision making within a public sector organisation by prioritising interventions and investment that are in alignment with corporate strategy.
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Oloko, Temitope O. "Impact of the World Trade Organisation TRIPS Agreement on the Intellectual Property Laws of Nigeria." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53216.

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Анотація:
The primary purpose of this study is to determine the consequence of the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement) on the intellectual property laws in Nigeria. The discussion centers on the examination for compliance of the three main laws on intellectual property in Nigeria, as well as the enforcement mechanism for these laws. As the field of intellectual property continues to expand and impact on vital spheres, such as health care, foreign direct investment, technology transfer and access to information, there is a need to safeguard and sustain a beneficial response to concerns about the impact of the relevant provisions of the TRIPS Agreement and its application to intellectual property in Nigeria. The impact of the TRIPS Agreement on developing countries has been a subject of extensive and intense debate, however very little has been focused on Nigeria. The thesis demonstrates, despite the fact that the Nigerian intellectual property laws have not been reviewed since Nigeria s adoption of the TRIPS Agreement, that the laws are mostly compliant and capable of being adapted to encourage the vital spheres. However, it is noted in this study that the flexibilities provided in the TRIPS Agreement are glaringly absent but are needed to tolerate and sustain a beneficial response to the queries on the impact of the TRIPS Agreement and its implication for intellectual property in Nigeria. The challenges facing intellectual property from a legal, educational and developmental perspective were highlighted as having a great effect on the growth of intellectual property. The thesis concludes that although the present legal framework provides a measure of compliance, the benefit of a reformed legal frame work to Nigeria cannot be overstated.
Thesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
Private Law
LLD
Unrestricted
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Muzaka, Valbona. "In Sickness and in Wealth: Dealing with Intellectual Property Rights and Public Health at the World Trade Organisation." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489668.

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Анотація:
Despite being about wealth and about who owns and controls the new capital - knowledge the study of intellectual property rights has generally attracted little attention from students of contemporary global political economy. This study seeks to bring such study squarely within the field, by opening a window into the complex interactions and contests over intellectual property rules that continue to engage multiple players in various fora simultaneously. The outcomes of these contests are as yet unclear, but they certainly have the potential to alter the future shape mid direction of global economy, for better or for worse. We do not engage in speculations about such outcomes, but seek to point to the growing importance of the politics of intellectual property and trade rules. More specifically, this is a study on the 'how' and 'why' of the emergence of the current global intellectual property regime and the manner in which the interplay between global intellectual property and trade rules has played out in the area of global public health. We seek to offer a political economy approach to understanding and explaining the multifaceted contests between state and non-state actors that have been attempting to resolve the many tensions inherent in the intersection of these three issue-areas in ways which best satisfy their interests. However, this is but one area where actors and interests are clashing over intellectual property rules; our hope is that other studies will follow which will continue to shed light into these contests and help us better to understand how global (intellectual property) governance structures are made and remade over time.
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9

Abou, El Farag Balat Mohamed Salem. "Legal analysis of Egypt's implementation of the Trips Agreement against the background of intellectual property rights in the World Trade Organisation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494831.

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10

Janse, van Vuuren Francois Jacobus. "Technology licencing practices of South African manufacturing companies a profile and the influence of some organisational, transactional and contextual factors /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01122005-084535.

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Книги з теми "Property organisations"

1

Great Britain. Dept. of the Environment., ed. Competing for building maintenance: Direct labour organisations and compulsory competitive tendering. London: HMSO, 1993.

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2

(Nigeria), Lagos State. Government views on the Report of the Tribunal of Enquiry into the Affairs of the Lagos State Development and Property Corporation and Its Related Parastatal Organisations. [Ikeja]: Lagos State Government of Nigeria, 1986.

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3

Organization, African Intellectual Property. Why an African organisation for intellectual property? [Yaoundé, Cameroon]: African Intellectual Property Organization, 1990.

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4

Rudolf, Schmitz. Kapitaleigentum, Unternehmensführung und interne Organisation. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 1988.

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5

Finansdepartementet, Sweden. Organisationen vid fastighetstaxeringen. [Stockholm]: Finansdepartementet, 1993.

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La propriété immobilière à Rome et en Italie (Ier-Ve siècles): Organisation et transmission des praedia urbana. [Rome]: École française de Rome, 2011.

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7

Kamagne, Rose Chantal S. Mba N. La protection des inventions en droit de l'OAPI: Organisation africaine de la propriété intellectuelle. Lille: ANRT, Atelier national de reproduction des thèses, 2005.

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8

Simon, Siddall, ed. Bob, the other builder: The remarkable life of Bob Woodward, property developer, mosaicist, and founder of CLIC. Chesterfield: Merton Priory, 2006.

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9

Wood-Sichra, Ulrike. Computerised land evaluation system: Organisation, use, and training. Lilongwe: Malawi Govt. Ministry of Agriculture, Land Husbandry Branch, 1991.

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1944-, Kahn Howard, Stevenson Joanna, and Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland, eds. Recognising workforce health as a key organisational asset: A study of current thinking and practice. Edinburgh: Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland, 2009.

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Частини книг з теми "Property organisations"

1

McIntosh, Angus P. J., and Stephen G. Sykes. "Institutional and Other Property Investment Organisations." In A Guide to Institutional Property Investment, 45–61. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07154-8_3.

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2

Singh, Manveen. "The Interplay Between Intellectual Property and Competition in Standard-Setting." In Standard-Setting Organisations’ IPR Policies, 127–57. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2623-5_5.

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Lopez, Lydia Bares, Francesca Costanza, Manuela Ortega Gil, and Sofia Strid. "Integrating Gender Equality in Economics and Management." In Gender-Competent Legal Education, 631–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14360-1_18.

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AbstractThis chapter deals with gender economics, gender and management, and gender and innovation. After introducing the general concept of feminist economics and its critique of mainstream economics, this chapter explains the meaning of gender indicators, gender parity, gender equality, and gender mainstreaming. It further investigates the factors causing inequalities in the labour market. Gender is afterwards addressed from a managerial perspective, embracing a multidimensional notion of performance, and considering both the management of private and public organisations. Finally, the topic gender and innovation is deepened by explaining the importance of intellectual property rights, as well as the poor visibility of women inventors in society.
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4

Bevan, Owen A. "Organisational Buying." In Marketing and Property People, 66–81. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21597-3_4.

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5

Kuschke, Wolfram. "Weltorganisation für geistiges Eigentum (World Intellectual Property Organization/WIPO)." In Handwörterbuch Internationale Organisationen, 422–24. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-86673-8_126.

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6

AlFalasi, Jama AlGaizi, and Mohammad Habibur Rahman. "Examining the digital transformation of intellectual property (IP) infringement services in the Department of Economic Development (DED), Dubai." In Digitalisation and Organisation Design, 39–55. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003163824-4.

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7

Frangoudes, Katia, José J. Pascual-Fernández, and Begoña Marugán-Pintos. "Women’s Organisations in Fisheries and Aquaculture in Europe: History and Future Propects." In MARE Publication Series, 215–31. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7911-2_12.

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8

Vining, Aidan R., and David L. Weimer. "Public–private hybrids: a property rights perspective." In Handbook on Hybrid Organisations, 96–115. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781785366116.00014.

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9

Band, Jonathan, and Brandon Butler. "ASCAP v The Girl Scouts of America: The IP Excesses of Collective Management Organisations." In Intellectual Property Excesses. Hart Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781509944910.ch-003.

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Colenutt, Bob. "The property lobby." In The Property Lobby, 57–82. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447340492.003.0005.

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The focus of this chapter is the major organised lobby groups in the property market and their influence on Government policy. The objectives and activities of the Country Land and Business Association (CLA), the Home Builders Federation, UK Finance, the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors and others are examined. The chapter also covers the close relationship of the Conservative Party to the land and property market and the impact of the lobbying of local councillors by developers and the revolving door between council officers and developers and property consultants. Property lobby organisations have become have become the first port of call for Government and civil servants in housing and planning policy development and as such are as a major obstacle to change.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Property organisations"

1

Kensah, David, and Aard Groen. "Appropriation of value in biomedical research outcome at public research organisations." In 16th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference, HTSF 2008. University of Twente, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3990/2.268487997.

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Transactions on biomedical research outcomes bring into play strategies that are determined by leveraging resources into quasi-markets and on options based on expectations. To govern such transactions, the choice of appropriate governance structures and the governance of interaction are all too often in remittance of risk and uncertainty. Organisation and communities are prompted by issues concerning intellectual property (IP) to underwrite information, which is inherently fraught with difficulties of discerning ownership and quantifying qualitative business variables. Against that backdrop, we enquire on the mechanisms underpinning value dissipation and value appropriation of biomedical research outcomes to make proposition on the organisational antecedence to innovation. It is a preamble study with the view to developing a meso-level framework to describe mechanisms of value appropriation of upstream biomedical (non-invasive) research at Public Research Organisation. Its underpinning is largely based on the availability appropriability regimes and viability of organizational governance decisions and how the choice of organizational governance form affects both the creation and appropriation of economic value.
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2

ATKOČIŪNIENĖ, Vilma, and Ilona KIAUŠIENĖ. "LITHUANIAN REGIONS BY THE TYPE OF RURAL SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.118.

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Rural areas face constant increase of partially used rural social infrastructure (hereinafter referred to as RSI) facilities, coordination of which shows insufficient level of description and professionalism, functions performed by RSI organisations are not aligned. As a result of a bad situation of rural social infrastructure, small rural areas face with decline. The research aim – having theoretically analysed the factors that determine social infrastructure development, to make the analysis of RSI situation and the analysis of the factors that influence development in Lithuanian rural regions. The following objectives have been solved: analysed theoretically the factors determining the development of the rural social infrastructure; analysed the condition of RSI and the factors influencing upon its development in Lithuanian rural regions. The research methods are the survey and the analysis of the scientific literature, scientific literature systemization, matching and comparison, multiple-criteria statistical data analyses and syntheses, expert evaluation. Integrated RSI condition indicators were calculated for each municipality and compared with indicators established for other municipalities in order to determine the RSI development level of each region. Analysis’ results showed that the sector of communications and telecommunications is valued best, while the sector of protection of persons and property is assessed worst. Bad RSI situation is observed in 35.29 percent Lithuanian municipalities. There is no rural territory, showing perfect level of RSI development. This permits to draw a conclusion about the differences of the situation of the whole infrastructure system and social-economic problems. Problems of territorial and social cohesion are formed due to the uneven RSI development in individual regions/municipalities. Regions/municipalities with poor RSI lags behind the needs of local population are less attractive for investments, settling down, living, resting, such areas show higher unemployment rate, lower disposable incomes of households, residents are forced into a corner, limited sustainable development, and weak local economy.
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3

Fyfe, Alexander J., Paul A. Frieze, Xiaozhi Wang, and Jack Spencer. "Review of Risk Assessment for FPSO Structural Design." In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28404.

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This paper presents a review of the state-of-the-art of risk assessment as it applies to the hull structures of FPSOs. Risk definitions are examined critically to determine how they should be applied in this case. The roles of human and organisational errors and their proper identification during design of intact and damage scenarios are discussed. It has long been accepted that FPSOs and trading tankers are subject to different environmental loading conditions. Even more substantial differences become evident when operating practices are examined and it is realised that to manage risk properly these differences need to be reflected in design and the preparation of operation procedures. Against a background of code development, design experience and detailed knowledge of many things that have gone wrong, the review examines: risk evaluation for hull structures; specific risks relating to FPSO hull-structure configurations; environmental issues for a moored FPSO; operational issues and risks arising from interaction between the hull and the mooring system.
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4

Jansson, Jacob Brink, Ruth Sørensen, and Kirsten Riis. "Operation and maintenance of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection systems on concrete civil structures." In IABSE Conference, Copenhagen 2018: Engineering the Past, to Meet the Needs of the Future. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/copenhagen.2018.219.

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Cathodic protection is a very well-known method of preventing or stopping reinforcement corrosion and thereby extending the service life of reinforced concrete civil structures. However, a number of factors, which among others are design, materials and components, installation methods, quality of workmanship, and operation and maintenance of the cathodic protection system, have influence on the functionality and effectivity of the cathodic protection system. The optimum design that fulfils the Client''s requirements to cost, traffic disruption, service life, etc. shall be determined in accordance with the structure layout and the ability of the Client''s organisation to conduct operation and maintenance. It is critical to ensure that all components are installed properly to achieve the expected service life of the system. Regular and correct operation and maintenance is also crucial to ensure the functionality and effectivity system.
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5

Mukherjee, Dilip K. "Manufacturers’ Role in the Power Industry." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0186.

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This paper discusses the transformation which the power industry is presently undergoing and its impact on manufacturers’ business. The key success factors for a Manufacturer in today’s market are: • Global market coverage with local customer services • Broad portfolio of products and solutions • Economy of scale and cost efficiency • Substantial R&D resources for the technology race Significant challenges exist for the manufacturers to fulfil the requirements, especially those relating to the proper organisational set-up, the right product and the required R&D program.
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6

Muzah, Gabriel. "An Analysis of Patents Filed at African Regional Intellectual Property Organisation (ARIPO) from January 2015 to December 2016 for Research Intelligence Signalling Using Open Source Patent Analytics." In EAI International Conference for Research, Innovation and Development for Africa. EAI, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.20-6-2017.2270679.

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7

Odiegwu-Enwerem, Chuks O., and Uche Chuks-Enwerem. "Effective External Stakeholder Engagement: an Imperative for Effective Open and Distance Learning Delivery." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.804.

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The use of external stakeholders in an Open and Distance Learning environment is an operational necessity and a strong component of the ODL system, but it could also be the weakest link if not properly managed. The use of external stakeholders by organisations ensures quality assurance through content reviews and readily available resources at a minimum cost. Because most of the external stakeholders are individually unknown to the institutional administrators, this creates a gap in the ODL process within an institution. Institutions must evolve a robust, sustainable engagement process, a more formal means to understand the stakeholders - individual doubts and capabilities, their limitations, motivations as well as their conceptions and views of the learning method that they are engaged with. To bridge this gap and achieve inclusive engagement with the numerous external stakeholders this study will utilise survey method to seek to understand their unique expectations. The outcome of this study will hopefully enable institution’s managers and the internal experts/content creators to constantly manage their relationship with the external experts and hence construct more and effective engagement strategies and plans, and positive work environment for their diverse external stakeholders with attendant benefit for their students.
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8

Sunkanmi Adeyemi, Benjamen, Clinton Aigbavboa, and Wellington D Thwala. "Factors Affecting Total Quality Management Implementation in the Construction Industry." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002243.

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Total quality management (TQM) is an organisation idea that regularly enhances the superiority of products as well as services by concentrating on the customers’ necessities and desires to improve customer satisfaction. This paper aimed to review previous literatures on various issues affecting TQM implementation in the construction industry such as absence of benchmarking, employee confrontation to change, absence of understanding, inadequate preparation, absence of top management obligation, absence of customer focus, absence of rewards and acknowledgment, inadequate evaluation processes, insufficient fund, inefficient management, inadequate raw materials, lack of proper communication and unproductive leadership. This research source for information through recognised articles in journals, conference papers, government reports and so on. The findings from the extensive literature review form previous studies are cross-sectional. According to the previous research, it was revealed that those challenges of total quality management are vary. It is recommended that construction stakeholders should always avoid any obstacle that can affect total quality management in the construction industry.
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9

Cottey, Andrew. "Linking academia and the ‘real world’ in International Relations." In Learning Connections 2019: Spaces, People, Practice. University College Cork||National Forum for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/lc2019.31.

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This talk will reflect on the challenges of linking academic programmes and teaching, on the one hand, with the policy-makers and practitioners, on the other, with particular reference to the discipline of international relations (which focuses on relations between states, international organisations and global political and socio-economic dynamics). The talk will draw on experience from University College Cork’s Department of Government and Politics, which has an extensive, market-leading work placement programme, and from UCC’s MSc International Public Policy and Diplomacy, which is a new model of international relations masters seeking to bridge academia and the world of policy. Our experience shows that it is possible to link academia and the world of policy and practitioners, but that it is not easy, even in an apparently very policy-oriented discipline, and that it involves significant challenges. The talk will highlight a number of challenges involved in linking the academic study of international relations with the ‘real world’ of international politics: bridging academia and policy/practitioners is not easy in the disciplines of political science and international relations – the two have different needs and, often, different languages; the development and maintenance of work placements and other elements of engagement with policymakers and practitioners involves very significant workload and needs to be properly supported in terms of staffing and infrastructure; and in politics and international relations, the skill sets which policy-makers and practitioners need often differ from those that universities normally provide. Finding the ‘right’ balance between academic disciplinary requirements/standards and the needs of employers is a difficult task.
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Reeves, Nigel, Colette Grundy, Alex Sutherland, Gordon John, Cath Shaw, Lisa Green, and Ian Beadle. "On-Site Characterisation, Re-Packaging and Transport of Luminised, Former Aircraft Escape Hatches." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7289.

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AMEC NNC, under contract to the UK Environment Agency, recovered a number of redundant aircraft hatches from an insecure location in North Wales. The Environment Agency instigated emergency action under the Radioactive Substances Act 1993 (RSA93), (1), to recover the hatches. Section 30(1) of RSA93 gives the Environment Agency powers to dispose of radioactive waste where it is unlikely the waste will be lawfully disposed of. Funding for this project was provided by the UK Government, within the Surplus Source Disposal Programme. The Environment Agency worked closely with partner regulatory organisations including the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), the Department for Transport (DfT) and the Local Authority to ensure the safe packaging, removal and transport of the material to a part-shielded store pending final disposal. The project comprised a number of technical difficulties that needed to be overcome. These included poor existing characterisation of the waste, insecure premises requiring daily lockdown, construction of a temporary containment facility with associated filtered extract and the inclement weather. AMEC NNC’s initial risk assessment identified the likelihood of high levels of loose, airborne radiological material. In order to provide adequate protection for personnel, and to prevent the spread of any radioactive contamination, the decision was made to implement radiological containment and to equip contractors with appropriate RPE (Respiratory Protective Equipment). Accurate characterisation of the radiological nature of the material was a crucial objective within the project. This was in order to correctly identify the Proper Shipping Name for consignment for transport, and to ensure that suitable transport containers were used. The packaged wastes were then transported to a secure location for temporary storage prior to final disposal. An innovative route was identified for processing of this material. Beneficial recycling and re-use within the nuclear industry was the outcome.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Property organisations"

1

Kelly, Luke. Lessons Learned on Cultural Heritage Protection in Conflict and Protracted Crisis. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.068.

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This rapid review examines evidence on the lessons learned from initiatives aimed at embedding better understanding of cultural heritage protection within international monitoring, reporting and response efforts in conflict and protracted crisis. The report uses the terms cultural property and cultural heritage interchangeably. Since the signing of the Hague Treaty in 1954, there has bee a shift from 'cultural property' to 'cultural heritage'. Culture is seen less as 'property' and more in terms of 'ways of life'. However, in much of the literature and for the purposes of this review, cultural property and cultural heritage are used interchangeably. Tangible and intangible cultural heritage incorporates many things, from buildings of globally recognised aesthetic and historic value to places or practices important to a particular community or group. Heritage protection can be supported through a number of frameworks international humanitarian law, human rights law, and peacebuilding, in addition to being supported through networks of the cultural and heritage professions. The report briefly outlines some of the main international legal instruments and approaches involved in cultural heritage protection in section 2. Cultural heritage protection is carried out by national cultural heritage professionals, international bodies and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) as well as citizens. States and intergovernmental organisations may support cultural heritage protection, either bilaterally or by supporting international organisations. The armed forces may also include the protection of cultural heritage in some operations in line with their obligations under international law. In the third section, this report outlines broad lessons on the institutional capacity and politics underpinning cultural protection work (e.g. the strength of legal protections; institutional mandates; production and deployment of knowledge; networks of interested parties); the different approaches were taken; the efficacy of different approaches; and the interface between international and local approaches to heritage protection.
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2

Coultas, Mimi, Ruhil Iyer, and Jamie Myers. Handwashing Compendium for Low Resource Settings: A Living Document, Edition 3. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2020.001.

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Анотація:
Frequent and proper handwashing with soap is vital to prevent the spread of COVID-19. In response, the Sanitation Learning Hub at the Institute of Development Studies has developed this Handwashing Compendium for Low Resource Settings. Bringing existing information from different organisations into one place, the compendium provides guidance, local examples of and further resources on accessible low-cost handwashing facilities, environmental cues and physically distanced hygiene promotion. The compendium is a living document which will be updated regularly as learning emerges. It has been developed and disseminated quickly so immediate, relevant and timely actions can be taken. Please share feedback and contributions via email (SLH@ids.ac.uk) or Twitter (@SanLearningHub). For those with limited internet access, individual sections of the compendium can also be sent upon request.
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3

Coultas, Mimi, Ruhil Iyer, and Jamie Myers. Handwashing Compendium for Low Resource Settings: A Living Document, Edition 3. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2020.008.

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Анотація:
Frequent and proper handwashing with soap is vital to prevent the spread of COVID-19. In response, the Sanitation Learning Hub at the Institute of Development Studies has developed this Handwashing Compendium for Low Resource Settings. Bringing existing information from different organisations into one place, the compendium provides guidance, local examples of and further resources on accessible low-cost handwashing facilities, environmental cues and physically distanced hygiene promotion. The compendium is a living document which will be updated regularly as learning emerges. It has been developed and disseminated quickly so immediate, relevant and timely actions can be taken. Please share feedback and contributions via email (SLH@ids.ac.uk) or Twitter (@SanLearningHub). For those with limited internet access, individual sections of the compendium can also be sent upon request.
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4

Megersa, Kelbesa. Creating Green Jobs in Developing Countries. Institute of Development Studies, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.054.

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Анотація:
This rapid literature review examines evidence on interventions have been used to create green jobs in developing countries. The ‘green jobs’ concept does not have a singular and universally accepted definition. Many development organisations have come up with their own definitions, however all definitions share both an “environmental” and “decent jobs” component. Green job growth has been mostly documented in developed countries and some rapidly growing middle-income countries. However, it is becoming clearer that a green economy can create more and better jobs in all parts of the world (including the poorer developing countries) – and that these jobs can be ‘decent’. There are, however, some difficulties. Some new (green) jobs created in the food, agriculture, and recycling sectors (particularly in developing countries) can hardly be considered ‘decent’ – i.e., due to their poor labour standards. In some cases, climate change is also having a negative impact on jobs. Donors have a crucial role to play in supporting and financing green jobs initiatives and ‘green employment’ across developing countries – given the inadequate investment in the sector, growing unemployment issues and their unique vulnerability to climate change. Nevertheless, the ‘green jobs’ sector – thus far – has only been able to receive limited financial assistance from donors. Lack of focus and funding by donors and development agencies not only stymies the creation of green jobs in developing countries, but it can also result in the loss of many existing jobs and livelihoods, particularly in agriculture, because of climate change. Furthermore, the funding for most green jobs programmes by donors usually tends to be project-based, which fails to be part of a larger strategy to promote sustainable development – thus, limiting its impact. However, it is worth noting that there is relatively limited donor programming on ‘green jobs’ – i.e., most donor funded jobs creation programmes are not explicitly ‘green’. Another poignant observation is the general lack of proper programme evaluation, especially independent evaluation, on donor interventions around ‘green jobs’ (which are usually small projects). As such, there is a lack of good evidence base.
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5

Megersa, Kelbesa. Tax Transparency for an Effective Tax System. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.070.

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This rapid review examines evidence on the transparency in the tax system and its benefits; e.g. rising revenue, strengthen citizen/state relationship, and rule of law. Improvements in tax transparency can help in strengthening public finances in developing countries that are adversely affected by COVID-19. The current context (i.e. a global pandemic, widespread economic slowdown/recessions, and declining tax revenues) engenders the urgency of improving domestic resource mobilisation (DRM) and the fight against illicit financial flows (IFFs). Even before the advent of COVID-19, developing countries’ tax systems were facing several challenges, including weak tax administrations, low taxpayer morale and “hard-to-tax” sectors. The presence of informational asymmetry (i.e. low tax transparency) between taxpayers and tax authorities generates loopholes for abuse of the tax system. It allows the hiding of wealth abroad with a limited risk of being caught. Cases of such behaviour that are exposed without proper penalty may result in a decline in the morale of citizens and a lower level of voluntary compliance with tax legislation. A number of high-profile tax leaks and scandals have undermined public confidence in the fairness of tax systems and generated a strong demand for effective counteraction and tax transparency. One of the key contributing factors to lower tax revenues in developing countries (that is linked to low tax transparency) is a high level of IFFs. These flows, including international tax evasion and the laundering of corruption proceeds, build a major obstacle to successful DRM efforts. Research has also identified an association between organisational transparency (e.g. transparency by businesses and tax authorities) and stakeholder trust (e.g. between citizens and the state). However, the evidence is mixed as to how transparency in particular influences trust and perceptions of trustworthiness.
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6

Innovative and Entrepreneurial Universities in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004542.

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Анотація:
The review examines how higher education institutions are supporting innovation and entrepreneurship in their surrounding communities. The study focuses on eleven universities located in six countries in Latin America: Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay. The study finds that selected institutions are actively supporting entrepreneurs (university students, but also local entrepreneurs) through courses, incubation and acceleration activities. It also shows that universities are actively engaging with external stakeholders in their surrounding communities, to spur innovation through joint-research, organisation of events (such as festivals, competition). It finds that that while COVID-19 pandemic brought about some challenges, universities managed to stay afloat and keep a steady stream of support to entrepreneurs and partners. The review also illustrates the challenges that universities face when developing these activities (lack of funding, unclear regulation for intellectual property development, etc.) and highlights some opportunities that universities should leverage, particularly in the current context.
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