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1
Zhao Shuang and Guo Liya. "Improving Athlete Data Protection: Tackling Privacy and Economic Risks in Digital Security." International Journal of Education and Humanities 4, no. 4 (2024): 417–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.58557/(ijeh).v4i4.263.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the context of the rapid development of network information technology, the Internet has increasingly influenced various sectors, including sports. One critical issue that arises in sports is the leakage of athletes' personal information, which has become a prominent concern in network information security. Athlete data not only concerns their privacy but also holds significant economic value, making it vulnerable to exploitation. As a result, protecting athletes' data has become a pressing issue, with an urgent need to safeguard their independent rights and interests. This study aims to address the challenges surrounding the protection of athletes' information. Specifically, it seeks to investigate the inadequacies of traditional protection methods, which have operated mainly within personality and privacy rights frameworks. However, with the increasing commercialization of athletes' data and the growing recognition of its asset-like properties, these traditional approaches are no longer sufficient to ensure comprehensive protection. The study employs a literature review method and comparative analysis, focusing on various perspectives regarding athletes' information protection. The findings highlight the need to shift from the traditional legal frameworks towards a new system that considers athlete data's personal and economic dimensions. As a recommendation, the study strongly advocates for developing a more robust and multi-dimensional protection system, incorporating legal and financial measures to safeguard athletes' rights in the digital era
2
Liu, Long, and Xiaodong Fan. "System Construction of Athlete Health Information Protection Based on Machine Learning Algorithm." BioMed Research International 2022 (September 28, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5989819.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The exercise volume and exercise level can be quantitatively assessed by measuring and collecting athletes’ health and exercise data. The protection of athletes’ health information has lately become an important research topic due to a rise in sports activities. However, due to the nature of the data and the limits of protection models, protecting athlete health data is a complex undertaking. Machine learning and blockchain have caused worldwide technological innovation, and it is bound to bring deep modifications to the sports industry. The main purpose of blockchain is security, decentralization, traceability, and credibility of the athlete’s health data protection and gathering system. To progress and increase the sports industry and methodically assess the physical fitness of sportspersons’ health information, this study concentrates on the Machine Learning and Blockchain-based Athlete Health Information Protection System (MLB-AHIPS) proposed in the sports industry. The ML technique is utilized to clean and handle the information to comprehend the recognition and secure managing of the sportsperson’s fitness information. The system uses attribute-based access control, which permits dynamic and fine-grained access to athlete health data, and then stores the health data in the blockchain, which can be secured and tamper-proof by expressing the respective smart contracts. The simulation outcomes illustrate that the suggested MLB-AHIPS attains a high accuracy ratio of 97.8%, security ratio of 98.3%, an efficiency ratio of 97.1%, scalability ratio of 98.9%, and data access rate of 97.2% compared to other existing approach.
3
Lens, Josh. "Collegiate Athletes’ Name, Image, and Likeness as a Constitutionally Protected Interest." SMU Law Review 78, no. 1 (2025): 41–82. https://doi.org/10.25172/smulr.78.1.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Courts have long held that collegiate athletes’ athletics participation does not constitute a liberty or property interest afforded constitutional due process protection. Thus, universities, athletics departments, and coaches generally have not had to provide much process when suspending athletes from their teams for disciplinary reasons, for example. Recently, however, college athletics’ primary governing entity—the National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA)—altered its longstanding rules to permit athletes to accept remuneration from third parties for the use of their names, images, and likenesses. This newfound ability has significantly benefited athletes in college athletics’ transformative name, image, and likeness (NIL) era. This Article examines the effect of collegiate athletes’ ability to accept NIL compensation on their due process rights. More specifically, it addresses the question whether the NCAA’s shift armed athletes with the added and unanticipated benefit of due process safeguards in instances where universities or athletics departments seek to withhold them from athletics participation for disciplinary reasons. To do so, this Article explores the following: (1) the current regulatory status of NIL in college athletics; (2) a 2024 District Court decision classifying an athlete’s ability to earn NIL compensation during athletics participation as a constitutionally protected interest and how it overlooks key components of relevant authorities; and (3) the decision’s numerous and significant ramifications for athletes, athletics departments, and universities.
4
Ms., A. Runcie Mathew, and Arunbaby Stephen Mr. "The Fair Play Conundrum: Balancing Equity and Inclusivity." Annual International Journal of Vaikunta Baliga College of Law (AIJVBCL) 2 (May 2, 2025): 245–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15327674.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<em>Sports was a two-gendered event for centuries. The last century witnessed the entry and success of women not just in sports but in other areas like arts, science, and politics. But despite the advancement and success of women who were traditionally a marginalized group, the social ostracisation of LGBTQIA+ people still persists in the field of sports.Even though the sexual identity of the participant has an important influence on the fitness, physical capability, and performance of the athlete, the World Athletics Council has adopted regulations discriminating against athletes based on unscientific criteria. The current regulations of the World Athletics Council targeting intersex and transgender athletes have been facing immense criticism due to their inherent disproportionality and unfairness, and because of these regulations, athletes belonging to these categories face huge challenges with regard to their participation rights in sports. Several countries have already passed national legislation in tune with the regulations, forcing an end to many professional careers. Theseare valid concerns put forward by competent athletes deprived of their right to contest, and the global athletic regime has yet to address these apprehensions.The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019, has certain provisions for ensuring the sporting rights of transgender people. But proper enforcement of it is a policy matter.</em>
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Martín Martínez Estupiñan, Lázaro. "Analysis of Rehabilitation and Reentry to Sport in Child Athletes." Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma Care 4, no. 3 (2022): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2694-0248/031.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: The protection of the athlete's health is paramount, the decision to return to practice depends on each particular case, it is a process where there is a lack of consensus, and requests for priorities in the investigation. Purpose. It is intended to analyze the results of rehabilitation and re-entry of injured child athletes. Method: A longitudinal, prospective and quasi-experimental study was carried out. We carry out educational and medical intervention in the experimental group, which consists of the application of the system of actions for the prevention of sports injuries in the child athlete. For the investigation, theoretical and empirical research methods were used, using two study groups. A systematic and detailed bibliographic review on the subject was carried out. In order to evaluate the rehabilitation and re-entry conditions of osteomyoarticular injuries in the child athlete. Results: Child athletes are frequently injured around the age of 13 without significant differences with respect to the study groups, with males being more frequently injured, there are multiple actors in medical care regarding rehabilitation, and however, a large number of child athletes return to training sport. Conclusions: The success of any academic program, including athletic training, depends on attracting and retaining quality students, rehabilitation is critical, and re-entry is part of it.
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Anam, Mohammad Choirul, and Pujiyono Pujiyono. "Legal Certainty to Protect Sport Industry Company Related to Technological Doping Among Athletes in Athletics." Journal of Social Research 2, no. 3 (2023): 671–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.55324/josr.v2i3.715.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to analyze the legal problems of the phenomenon of technological doping in athletic sports, legal certainty for the protection of sports industry companies related to the phenomenon of technological doping among athletes in athletic sports, and the impact of world athletics policies on patent enforcement. The author uses normative legal research methods with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach that is analyzed qualitatively with descriptive methods sourced from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results of the study indicate that the legal problem of the phenomenon of technological doping in athletic sports is that there is no legal certainty regarding the characteristics of the elements of the use of sports equipment technology which is considered to provide unfair advantages for athletes in competition. So that regulations are needed that can explain how technology is considered to be able to provide unfair advantages in competition. Legal certainty for the protection of sports industry companies related to the phenomenon of technological doping among athletes in the field of athletics is through the examination of sports equipment by independent experts, the availability of products in general sales, the suitability of shoe soles based on a predetermined thickness, and sanctions against athletes and delegation members. However, the policies in World Athletics may result in the reduction of exclusive rights owned by inventors to products that have obtained patents. So that to obtain maximum benefits in patent registration for athletic sports products, it is necessary to consider several things including the originality of the invention against other products, the potential harm caused, and consideration of the time between patent filing and sales to the open market.
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Syahrir, Alfian, Sudirman Sudirman, Nukhrawi Nawir, Muh Adnan Hudain, and Poppy Elisano Arfanda. "Analysis of Legal Protection for South Sulawesi Sepaktakraw Athletes’ Welfare According to Law No. 11 of 2022 of the Republic of Indonesia." COMPETITOR: Jurnal Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga 16, no. 3 (2024): 616. https://doi.org/10.26858/cjpko.v16i3.64961.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of the study was to determine the legal protection for the welfare of sepak takraw athletes in South Sulawesi according to Law No. 11 of 2022. This study is a qualitative study of document studies. This study uses a single variable, namely legal protection for the welfare of sepak takraw athletes. The population in this study were all sepak takraw athletes in South Sulawesi totaling 22 athletes and 2 athlete coaches. The research data were obtained by conducting an interview test. The data analysis technique, namely by collecting data using document studies and field studies, found that legal protection for the welfare of athletes in South Sulawesi has been realized for several athletes. It can be concluded that 1) Analysis of legal protection for the welfare of sepak takraw athletes in South Sulawesi according to Law No. 11 of 2022 has been implemented but has not been maximized. It is hoped that in the future the government will pay more and even more attention to South Sulawesi athletes, especially the Sepaktakraw sport. 2) Some athletes still do not know what their rights and authorities are as athletes. In the future, researchers hope that athletes can learn more deeply about their rights and obligations as professional athletes. 3) On average, athletes tend to be more concerned about their age and jobs. In the future, athletes hope that the government will guarantee suitable jobs and decent housing.
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Tsai, Feng-Hua, I.-Hua Chu, Chun-Hao Huang, Jing-Min Liang, Jia-Hroung Wu, and Wen-Lan Wu. "Effects of Taping on Achilles Tendon Protection and Kendo Performance." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 27, no. 2 (2018): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2016-0108.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Context:It has been reported that there is a high rate of Achilles tendon injury among kendo athletes. For protection and to support the area, kendo athletes habitually use taping during practice or games.Objective:To investigate the effect of various taping techniques on injury prevention and functional performance in kendo athletes.Design:Case-control study.Setting:Laboratory.Participants:15 University Kendo Team athletes with at least 2 y kendo experience.Main Outcome Measures:Athletes completed 5 stepping backwards and striking cycles under 4 taping conditions: no taping, athletic taping of ankle joint (AT-Ankle), athletic taping of Achilles tendon (AT-Achilles), and Kinesio-Tex taping of Achilles tendon (KT-Achilles). Jump distance, lower limb angular motion, left foot-ground contact time, Achilles tendon force (ATF), and soleus and medial gastrocnemius muscle activities were measured.Results:Lowest peak ATF was found in AT-Achilles during heel-down phase, with statistically significant difference from KT-Achilles peak force. Significant decline of soleus muscle electromyography amplitude was also found when compared to no taping during heel-down phase and other conditions during pushing phase. Conversely, KT-Achilles showed significant decrease in foot-ground contact time compared with no taping and greater ankle range of motion than in AT-Ankle.Conclusion:To protect the Achilles tendon, AT-Achilles taping is recommended since it tends to decrease ATF. Conversely, to enhance athlete performance, we recommend KT-Achilles taping to speed up kendo striking motion. However, the Achilles tendon must withstand greatest forces concurrently. This finding implies that AT-Achilles taping can protect the injured Achilles tendon and KT-Achilles taping can enhance performance on the kendo striking motion.
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Moe, Morten Carstens, Emin Özmert, Christophe Baudouin, et al. "International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus paper on sports-related ophthalmology issues in elite sports." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 9, no. 3 (2023): e001644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001644.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Vision plays an important role in an athletes’ success. In sports, nearly 80% of perceptual input is visual, and eye health and sports medicine are closely intertwined fields of utmost importance to athletes. The physical nature of sports activities renders individuals more prone to various eye injuries than the general population. Ocular trauma can lead to lifelong sequelae, and impaired vision requires careful follow-up and management. Apart from injuries, athletes may also experience vision problems that can hamper their performance, including blurred vision, double vision, and light sensitivity.The interdisciplinary nature of sports medicine necessitates collaboration between sports medicine professionals and ophthalmologists. Through such collaborations, athletes can receive appropriate eye care, education on proper eye protection and guidance on adopting good eye health practices. If any inconspicuous symptoms are not detected and treated promptly, athletes may acquire systemic injuries because of defective vision, preventing them from achieving high level athletic performance in competitions.The protection of the elite athlete is the responsibility of all of us in sports medicine. To advance a more unified, evidence-informed approach to ophthalmic health assessment and management in athletes and as relevant for sports medicine physicians, the International Olympic Committee Consensus Group aims for a critical evaluation of the current state of the science and practice of ophthalmologic issues and illness in high-level sports, and present recommendations for a unified approach to this important issue.
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Sheikh, MS, K. Zutshi, and I. Aman. "Prevalence of Different Types of Eating Disorder in Different Endurance Sports and its Impact on Performance: A Narrative Review." Central India Journal of Medical Research 3, no. 01 (2024): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.58999/cijmr.v3i01.124.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Endurance sports have shown prominent effects in aerobic capacity, cardio-protection, prevention or treatment of diabetic mellitus, athletic body composition and bone density. Despite of these positive effects, these sports may leads to risk factor of eating disorder. It has been found in several studies that athletes are more prone to eating disorder (ED) than the non athletic population. Thus the aim and objective of this review is to critically analyze the literature to evaluate different types of eating disorder among athletes and its impact on their performance among endurance athletes. The significance of this review is to provide information about further exploration in eating disorder athletes so that it may hopefully help clinicians and physiotherapist in planning individualized exercise programs that would be beneficial at improving outcomes in these sports person. Result suggested that antigravitational sports are at higher risk of ED when compared with endurance sports whereas endurance sports athletes are at more risk when compared with ball sports or triathletes. It has be also found out that initially ED may result in performance but later it will leads to low performance because athletes with EDs will physiological and psychological disorders. KEYWORDS: Eating Disorder OR Anorexia OR Bulimia OR Endurance Sports OR Athlete OR Performance
11
Rush, Chelsea, and Barbara Osborne. "Benefits and Concerns Abound, Regulations Lack in Collegiate Athlete Biometric Data Collection." Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport 32, no. 1 (2022): 62–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/25479.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Statistical analysis has long been a staple in sports, helping teams, athletes, physicians, fans, and others understand and predict athlete performance and develop training programs. The rise of connected, wearable devices, however, has enabled the collection and analysis of unprecedented types and amounts of athlete data. Various benefits accompany this augmented data collection ability, such as the creation of robust, individualized training and recovery programs. Conversely, such substantial data collection also leads to significant concerns related to athlete privacy, misuse of data, and exploitation. While data collection is prevalent in both professional and amateur sports, this article focuses on data collection in the nuanced landscape of intercollegiate athletics. The discussion begins with an overview of the ways athlete data is collected and used, then delineates the concerns specific to intercollegiate athletics. The various existing regulatory frameworks that apply to this space are then explored to determine how, if at all, the frameworks may provide protections against the various concerns. To conclude, numerous recommendations for curing the shortcomings of these regulatory frameworks and ensuring protection of athlete interests are provided.
12
Shafikova, G., N. Datsko, and M. Sagandykov. "PROTECTION OF ATHLETES AS AN ELEMENT OF THE SPORTS INDUSTRY: LEGAL ASPECTS." Human Sport Medicine 19, S2 (2020): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/hsm19s216.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. The purpose of the article is to determine the legislative and organizational decisions aimed at improving the mechanism of labor protection of athletes on the basis of analysis of scientific and applied research. Materials and methods. Scientific data in the field of athletes' labor protection, judicial practice, labor, administrative, sports legislation of Russia and foreign countries are analyzed. The article uses general scientific (dialectics, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and concretization) and private-scientific methods of research (formal-legal, technical-legal). Results. The result of the research performed proves the necessity of introducing changes in the current labor legislation in the field of labor protection, in particular, in the rules of exclusion of an athlete from the training process and competitions in case of not passing the training on labor protection and safety rules and not using personal protective equipment. There is a need for changes in the legislation on the protection of citizens’ health in terms of determining the competence of people with non-medical education, especially when giving them a right to provide first aid. Conclusion. The problem of athletes' labor protection should be solved by working in five directions: legislation improvement, organizing coaches' and other sports managers’ activity, preserving psychological and emotional condition of athletes, anti-doping, information and analytical activity.
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Mann, Robert H., Bryan C. Clift, Jules Boykoff, and Sheree Bekker. "Athletes as community; athletes in community: covid-19, sporting mega-events and athlete health protection." British Journal of Sports Medicine 54, no. 18 (2020): 1071–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-102433.
Повний текст джерела
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Marracho, Philippe, Eduarda Maria Rocha Teles de Castro Coelho, Antonino Manuel Almeida Pereira, and Miguel Venda da Graça Nery. "Mistreatment behaviours in the Athlete-coach relationship." Retos 50 (September 8, 2023): 790–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.98143.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This qualitative study aimed to describe the nature of mistreatment behaviours in the Athlete-coach relationship, in the region of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal. For our study, we interviewed 12 athletes of federated sports. We focused on young athletes, aged 13-18 years old, who practiced a collective, combat, or individual sports discipline. The data was then studied through content analysis. In the case of athletes as victims, there were no mistreatment behaviours in the Athlete-coach relationship. However, as observers, the athletes have reported forms of abuse in the Athlete-coach relationship, such as verbal emotional abuse and denial of attention and support. As preventative measures for mistreatment behaviours, the athletes mentioned supervision and even the dismissal of the coach. Respondents stress the need to deepen the topic for the strategies to be effective. They emphasize the need to sensitize clubs for the protection of athletes, through investigations in the area under study, for fighting and preventing mistreatment behaviour in sports practice. Keywords: Emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical abuse, neglecting, federated sports.
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Tuakli-Wosornu, YA, EC Moses, M. Amick, and K. Grimm. "Cherry-Picking and Lemon-Dropping Lessons from Anti-Doping to Boost Abuse Prevention in Sport." Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin/German Journal of Sports Medicine 72, no. 4 (2021): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5960/dzsm.2021.479.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Unethical behaviors in sport are a matter of global concern. The current surge in reports on abuse of athletes across Sports and all over the world is reminiscent of the doping scandals in the 1980s and 1990s that made many believe that doping was endemic in sport. This realization eventually led to a concerted effort of sport stakeholders and the founding of the World Anti-Doping Agency, which has since established itself as the world’s governing body in anti-doping with substantial influence and power. Framing the history and trajectory of anti-doping as a precedent of what has worked and what has not in righting sports’ wrongs, this review asks: what can the two-decades-long anti-doping ‘fight’ teach us about protecting athletes from abuse? Exploring various aspects from the effectiveness of external Regulation and the challenges of a centralized legalistic approach to athlete health protection and accountability, several lessons that have implications for safeguarding athletes can be identified. Behavior change is a long and demanding process for individuals and organizations. Centering athletes’ voices and lived experiences in practical research approaches while integrating multi-sector stakeholders can help ensure that methods and findings are fit-for-purpose and inform effective, sustainable athlete-safeguarding practices, programs, and policies.
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Malikova, Lyubov, and Natalia Yakovleva. "Attitude to health among athletes with extremities injuries." BIO Web of Conferences 26 (2020): 00024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202600024.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Attitude to health presents the inner mechanism of activity and behavior self-regulation. For a professional athlete positive attitude to health is the base for a successful career. However, the system of a personality’s attitudes is a dynamic construct. It is influenced by many factors, including sports injuries. During the research we tried to describe the peculiarities of health-protecting behavior, including the attitude to health of professional athletes with extremities injuries. In order to define the specific influence of sport as a professional activity we chose athletesamateurs with extremities injuries as the group of comparison. The results of the held research prove that the attitude to health is the main determinant of professional athletes health-protecting behavior and at the same time, it is not included into the model of health –protection of athletesamateurs. It reflects the influence of professional specificity in the system of personality’s attitudes formation.
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Gleaves, Thomas, and Melanie Lang. "Kicking “No-Touch” Discourses Into Touch: Athletes’ Parents’ Constructions of Appropriate Coach–Child Athlete Physical Contact." Journal of Sport and Social Issues 41, no. 3 (2017): 191–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193723517705543.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It has been suggested that sport is increasingly becoming a “no-touch zone” as some coaches, driven by a desire for self-protection, restrict their use of physical contact with (child) athletes in the belief that this reduces their risk of being accused of abuse. Research on coach–athlete physical contact is limited, however, and no studies have yet explored how athletes’ parents understand such behaviors. This article reports on a study that investigates athletes’ parents’ perspectives of appropriate coach–child athlete physical contact within youth swimming. Parents constructed physical contact as necessary and legitimate in three specific contexts and drew on children’s rights principles to rationalize this. This article discusses the significance of this and explores the benefits of adopting child-centered coaching practices.
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Li, Lingli. "Study on Chinese Retired Athletes Job Placement Countermeasure Based on Bayes Discriminant Analysis Classification Method." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 14, no. 1 (2017): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2017.6136.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As Chinese Olympic Games, National Games these large-scale sports meetings are now behind us; retirement situation of a group of senior athletes also becomes prevalent. Therefore, the paper carries out specific research on employment situation of Chinese retired athletes. The paper investigates retired athletes’ current situations, and makes comparative analysis, finds that though Chinese retired athletes has acquired some subsidies materially, their life demands cannot be fully satisfied; evaluate on Chinese retired athletes comprehensive quality by discriminant analysis and comprehensive evaluation approach, think that Chinese athletes professional levels are very high but social skills and learning capacity in comprehensive quality are still to be improved, therefore suggest to arrange athletes of rather excellent techniques to participate in cultivation of teenager athlete; present relative opinions on Chinese future retired athletes’ allocation, which is the protection of Chinese vulnerable groups in the background of harmonious development of Chinese socialism so that Chinese society can balanced, coordinated and sustainable move forward.
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Afdira, Shafania, and Mas Anienda Tien. "LEGAL PROTECTION OF BASKETBALL ATHLETES IN CONTRACT WITH BASKETBALL CLUB." JOSAR (Journal of Students Academic Research) 8, no. 2 (2022): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/josar.v8i2.2435.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Professionally, a basketball athlete will contribute directly either playing or competing on behalf of the basketball club that recruited him. The attachment between the basketball athlete and the basketball club is a logical consequence of a legal relationship between the two parties as stated in the employment contract and other agreements that have been agreed by both parties. Everything can run smoothly if the agreement can heed the legal terms and principles in the agreement correctly, but not infrequently there are problems that arise as a result of the agreement not implementing the legal terms and the agreement correctly, giving rise to rights disputes arising from the actions of one or both parties. parties outside the agreement or the laws that were in force previously and resulted in one of the parties feeling that their rights were not realized. The type of research used was normative. The data was collected by means of library research and interviews. The data analysis method used is qualitative data analysis. The results of this study show how the rights of basketball athletes as workers in a legal relationship with the basketball club that recruited them and what forms of legal protection there are in case of problems. it is necessary to take action that must be considered by the relevant parties and institutions in order to optimize the protection of the rights of basketball athletes.
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Papadopoulou, Sousana K. "Rehabilitation Nutrition for Injury Recovery of Athletes: The Role of Macronutrient Intake." Nutrients 12, no. 8 (2020): 2449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082449.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An adequate and balanced diet is of utmost importance in recovery and rehabilitation. “Rehabilitation nutrition” for injury recovery of athletes is similar to sports nutrition, except for the differences that concern the prevention of the risk or presence of sarcopenia, malnutrition, or dysphagia. Rehabilitation nutrition also aims, combined with training, to an adequate long-term nutritional status of the athlete and also in physical condition improvement, in terms of endurance and resistance. The aim of this paper is to define the proper nutrition for athletes in order to hasten their return to the sports after surgery or injury. Energy intake should be higher than the energy target in order to fight sarcopenia—that is 25–30 kcal/kg of body weight. Macro- and micro-nutrients play an important role in metabolism, energy production, hemoglobin synthesis, lean mass and bone mass maintenance, immunity, health, and protection against oxidative damage. Nutritional strategies, such as supplementation of suboptimal protein intake with leucine are feasible and effective in offsetting anabolic resistance. Thus, maintaining muscle mass, without gaining fat, becomes challenging for the injured athlete. A dietary strategy should be tailored to the athlete’s needs, considering amounts, frequency, type and, most of all, protein quality. During rehabilitation, simultaneous carbohydrates and protein intake can inhibit muscle breakdown and muscle atrophy. The long-term intake of omega-3 fatty acids enhances anabolic sensitivity to amino acids; thus, it may be beneficial to the injured athlete. Adequate intakes of macronutrients can play a major role supporting athletes’ anabolism.
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Luczak, Tony, Reuben F. Burch V, Brian Smith, et al. "Perception of Comfort, Fit, and Jumping Performance of Elite NCAA Division 1 Student-athletes: The Effect of Basketball Shoe Design – Part II." International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science 8, no. 3 (2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.8n.3p.45.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Assessing basketball shoe comfort and fit as personal protection equipment (PPE) at the collegiate level is unique. Objective: The purpose of Part II in this pilot study was to examine the effect of shoe design on the perception of comfort and fit after performing an acute series of jumps in elite male and female National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division 1 basketball student-athletes. Method: A total of sixteen basketball student-athletes (six males, ten females) performed two rounds of acute series of four styled basketball jumps on two ForceDecksTM Force Platforms while trying to maximize jump height by tapping VertecTM Jump Vanes. The male student-athletes selected the AdidasTM Harden Vol. 3 and the AdidasTM SM Pro basketball shoes. The female student-athletes selected the Adidas Harden Vol. 3 and the Adidas Captain Marvel basketball shoes. Upon completion of each round of jumps, the student-athlete recorded their perception of comfort on a 110mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and fit on a seven-point Likert rating scale based against their most comfortable basketball shoes ever worn. Results: Results of this pilot study reported, on average, the male student-athletes preferred comfort and fit of the Adidas SM Pro basketball shoes and the female student-athletes preferred the Adidas Harden Vol. 3 basketball shoe, though differences were non-significant at p > 0.05. Conclusion: The use of a human factors assessment tool to evaluate basketball shoe comfort and fit and the influence of rated comfort and fit parameters on basketball jumping performance proved viable.
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MacPherson, Ellen, Anthony Battaglia, Gretchen Kerr, et al. "Evaluation of Publicly Accessible Child Protection in Sport Education and Reporting Initiatives." Social Sciences 11, no. 7 (2022): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11070310.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite sport being a vehicle through which youth may achieve positive developmental outcomes, maltreatment in the youth sport context remains a significant concern. With increased athlete advocacy and research demonstrating the high prevalence of maltreatment in sport, and the urgent need to address it, many international organisations have created child protection in sport initiatives. Of particular focus to athletes and researchers is the provision of evidence-based comprehensive education and independent reporting mechanisms for athletes who experience harm. The current study examined the extent to which the publicly accessible information provided by three sport-specific child protection organisations regarding education and reporting is aligned with recommendations provided by researchers and athletes. With regard to education, the findings highlight accessibility, programming for various stakeholders, and coverage of topics of interest (e.g., forms of harm and reporting processes). However, educational information about equity, diversity, and inclusion and information on how to foster positive environments in sport was lacking. For reporting mechanisms, results showed that each organisation’s approach to receiving reports of maltreatment varied, including their ability to directly intake, investigate, and sanction instances of maltreatment. The findings are interpreted and critiqued considering previous literature and recommendations for future research and practice are suggested.
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Crispino, E., D. Ricciardi, P. Liporace, et al. "ECG SCREENING, HEART RATE VARIABILITY AND SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH PREVENTION IN ENDURANCE ATHLETES." European Heart Journal Supplements 26, Supplement_2 (2024): ii139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suae036.350.
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Abstract Introduction Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the leading cause of mortality in athletes during sport. Identifying non–invasive and repeatable risk markers during annual athletes screening remains a goal for the scientific community for the prevention of SCD. The Heart Rate Variability (HRV) has been shown to be an independent predictor of mortality in populations with CVD, but its relationship with SCD has been little explored in those at low risk, including athletes. This study aims to use a 5 minute ECG screening in athletes practicing endurance sports and evaluate its clinical role. The aim of the study is to assess whether morphological and spectral ECG analysis in endurance athletes by the 5–minute ECG screening can add information to periodic screening for the prevention of SCD. Methods The study population were selected from Endurance Marathon athletes. A control group was also collected for comparison. The 5 minutes ECG was recorded at rest with the Kardia Mobile 6L. HRV indices were obtained using the Kubios software. A morphological analysis was performed and the HRV parameters were analyzed in the time and frequency domains. Results A total of 554 subjects (220 athletes and 334 controls, 325 male and 229 women) were analyzed. A higher incidence of arrhythmic and morphological abnormalities in athletes compared to controls was observed (p&lt;0.05). Athletes had a significantly shorter QTc than the control group, a finding suggestive of greater protection from episodes of malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Th PNS and SNS indices were respectively higher and lower in the athlete group than in the controls, suggestive for higher vagal tone. Given the absence of a normality range of standard HRV parameters in the athlete population, values in the normal range of the 5th to 95th percentile were extrapolated in the whole population for the main HRV parameters. The project, therefore, is to evaluate patients with HRV values higher or lower than 5–95 percentile to identify those deserving further clinical investigations and closer follow–up for suspected increased risk of CVD and SCD. Conclusions The 5–minute ECG screening allows a greater number of static and dynamic alterations to be detected; moreover, the analysis of HRV could provide more information, such that it could be considered as a complementary tool during the athlete‘s follow–up. Further long–term prospective studies are needed to correlate alterations in HRV and clinical events.
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Kahanov, Leamor, Young Kyun Kim, Lindsey Eberman, Kathleen Dannelly, Haninder Kaur, and A. Ramalinga. "Staphylococcus aureus and Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in and Around Therapeutic Whirlpools in College Athletic Training Rooms." Journal of Athletic Training 50, no. 4 (2015): 432–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.96.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Context Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has become a leading cause of skin and soft tissue infection in the nonhospitalized community. Care of the athletes in athletic training rooms is specifically designed with equipment tailored to the health care needs of the athletes, yet recent studies indicate that CA-MRSA is still prevalent in athletic facilities and that cleaning methods may not be optimal. Objective To investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and CA-MRSA in and around whirlpools in the athletic training room. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I university. Patients or Other Participants Student-athletes (n = 109) consisting of 46 men (42%) and 63 women (58%) representing 6 sports. Main Outcome Measure(s) Presence of MRSA and Staphylococcus aureus in and around the whirlpool structures relative to sport and number of athletes using the whirlpools. Results We identified Staphylococcus aureus in 22% (n = 52/240) of the samples and MRSA in 0.8% (n = 2/240). A statistically significant difference existed between the number of athletes using the whirlpool and the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in and around the whirlpools (F2,238 = 2.445, P = .007). However, Staphylococcus aureus was identified regardless of whether multiple athletes used a whirlpool or no athletes used a whirlpool. We did not identify a relationship between the number of athletes who used a whirlpool and Staphylococcus aureus or MRSA density (P = .134). Conclusions Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA were identified in and around the whirlpools. Transmission of the bacteria can be reduced by following the cleaning and disinfecting protocols recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Athletic trainers should use disinfectants registered by the Environmental Protection Agency to sanitize all whirlpools between uses.
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Hayes, Michelle, Kevin Filo, Caroline Riot, and Andrea N. Geurin. "Using Communication Boundaries to Minimize Athlete Social Media Distractions During Events." Event Management 25, no. 6 (2021): 683–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/152599521x16106577965215.
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Sport organizations regulate athletes' use of social media for many reasons including the protection of the organization's reputation. Several strategies have been introduced to minimize issues related to the negative consequences athlete social media use may present, yet whether these strategies also work to address social media distractions experienced by athletes during major sport events is not well known. Utilizing communication privacy management (CPM) theory, the purpose of the current research was to examine the aspects of social media that sport administrators perceive to be distracting to athletes and what support and management mechanisms are utilized to address such concerns during major sport events. Semistructured interviews ( N = 7) with Australian national sport organization (NSO) administrators were conducted. Sport administrators reported several aspects of social media that are perceived to distract athletes including personal and performance criticism and a fixation with social media profiles. Social media could also be used to manage athlete temperament. As a result, organizations highlighted both proactive and reactive communication boundaries and mechanisms that could be used to address concerns including content restrictions, best practice case studies, engaging in conversations, and monitoring. Opportunities for sport practitioners are described including conducting consultation sessions with athletes to better understand their needs regarding their social media use.
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Rzhepik, Ya N. "The Right to Go to Court as One of the Ways to Protect the Labor Rights of Athletes and Coaches." Theoretical and Applied Law, no. 2 (July 10, 2024): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2686-7834-2024-2-83-90.
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The article is devoted to the problems of implementing the right to judicial protection of the labor rights of athletes and coaches. It was right under international and Russian law and one of the most important elements of a person’s legal status. At the same time, the realization of the right to judicial protection in sport has its own characteristics, because athletes and coaches actually cannot choose the legal authority, that will consider the case. In this research judicial practice is analyzed, in which considered the issue of the possible application of sanctions to an athlete for appealing to a state court. The study concludes that, despite the presence in sport of its own special system of dispute resolution bodies, the application of sanctions for the use of one of the fundamental constitutional and labor rights does not find a reasonable justification.
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Zhang, Tianyi. "Protection of athletes’ rights and interests: Application of biomechanics in sports law and legal issues." Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics 22, no. 4 (2025): 1698. https://doi.org/10.62617/mcb1698.
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With the continuous refinement of sports law, the scientific safeguarding of athletes’ rights to fair competition and their physical and mental well-being has emerged as a critical issue. This study introduces an innovative approach that integrates biomechanical technologies with a multidimensional cloud model algorithm, applied within the realm of sports law. Its primary objective is to optimize refereeing decisions and prevent sports injuries through objective data analysis. The research employs track and field events as its experimental setting, where athlete data—including joint angular displacement, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and force measurements—are captured using the Mediapipe motion capture system in conjunction with force platform technology. A multidimensional cloud model is then employed to conduct both quantitative and qualitative analyses of infractions (such as false starts) and fatigue states. Results indicate that, compared to traditional refereeing, this method not only achieves higher accuracy in identifying false starts but also effectively detects fatigue through joint motion parameters, thereby providing a robust scientific basis for athlete health monitoring. Furthermore, the study examines legal risks associated with the application of biomechanical data, such as issues related to data privacy, ownership, and evidentiary validity, and proposes compliance measures including informed consent, data encryption, and standardized protocols. Empirical findings demonstrate that biomechanical technology can significantly enhance the objectivity of adjudication, reduce misjudgment rates, and support the management of athletes’ training loads—thus playing a pivotal role in maintaining fair competition and safeguarding athletes’ well-being. Future research should further integrate intelligent algorithms and expand sample diversity to promote a deeper convergence between biomechanics and sports law.
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Seri Mughni Sulubara, Amrizal Amrizal, Ashari Efendi, Zainal Abidin, and Budiman Budiman. "Aturan Hukum Terhadap Atlet E-Sport Terkait Kontrak Kerja." Eksekusi : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Negara 1, no. 3 (2023): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/eksekusi.v1i3.467.
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E-sport is a new electronic sport that involves competing in video games. E-sports is known as a sport that uses gaming as its field. Growing e-sports provides many benefits to players who want to become pro players or e-sports athletes. The form of legal protection that can be given to e-sport athletes is preventive and repressive, one of which is done through an employment agreement contract with athletes, so that the employment agreement contract can be a form of legal remedy in employment agreements related to wages. This study aims to determine how the legal rules apply to e-sport athletes regarding employment contracts. The method used is a qualitative descriptive research method of empirical legal nature. The data collection technique or instrument used is library research by studying various books as literature, official documents, laws and regulations, results of previous research, and other literature sources related to the problem under study. The results showed that the most important and fundamental legal protection is contained in the employment agreement. This work agreement will be the legal umbrella for the legal relationship between the athlete and the e-sport team as the provider. The legal rules for e-sport athletes related to employment contracts are regulated in the Indonesian Electronic Sports Management Board Regulation Number: 034 / PB-ESI / B / VI / 2021 concerning the Implementation of Electronic Sports Activities in Indonesia and Law No. 11 of 2022 concerning Sports.
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Edouard, Pascal, Spyridon Iatropoulos, Laurent Navarro, Pedro Branco, Karsten Hollander, and Pierre-Eddy Dandrieux. "Educating and promoting athletes’ health protection through infographics on injury and illness prevention during an international competition: a prospective study during the 2024 European Athletics Championships." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 10, no. 3 (2024): e002162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002162.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility, perceived relevance and usefulness of providing injury and illness prevention information through infographics to athletes and medical teams before and during an international athletics championship, and its potential impact on injury and illness risk during the same championship.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study during the 2024 European Athletics Championships in Roma with (1) dissemination of infographics, (2) data collection on perceived relevance (yes/no) and perceived usefulness (score from 0 to 100) of infographics among athletes and medical teams using an online questionnaire and (3) data collection by medical teams of newly incurred injuries and illnesses among athletes during the championship.ResultsAmong the 124 athletes who completed the questionnaire, 35.5% had access to the infographics, of which 86.4% found the information relevant, and their perceived usefulness scores to reduce their risk were 51.8±23.9 (range: 2.9–100.0) for injuries and 50.6±23.0 (range: 0.0–100.0) for illnesses. Among the registered physicians and physiotherapists, 44 replied to the survey, 70.5% had access to the infographics, of which 83.9% found it relevant, and their perceived usefulness scores to reduce risk were 55.6±28.0 (range: 6.0–100.0) for injuries and 52.9±28.0 (range: 0.0–100.0) for illnesses. The logistic regression showed that a higher perceived usefulness score was associated with a lower risk of in-championship injury (OR 0.950; 95% CI 0.877 to 0.996).ConclusionsPromoting the health protection of athletes through infographics on injury and illness prevention in the context of international athletics championships was feasible and may represent an additional prevention approach.
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Akgül, Beyza Merve, Cenk Birinci, Şenol Göral, and Suat Karaküçük. "An investigation of ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes and antipathy towards environment in athletes." Journal of Human Sciences 14, no. 4 (2017): 3405. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v14i4.4680.
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The aim of this study is to examine the ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes towards the environment regarding with different variables. Study group is composed of 413 athletes randomly selected from directly nature sports and also sports that is not related to nature. To collect data, ecocentric, anthropocentric and antipathetic attitudes towards the protection of the environment scale is used. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics of the athletes’ attitudes towards environment were calculated. For other variables’ comparison, independent t-test and ANOVA were applied. As a result; amongst athletes’ the ecocentric attitudes’ mean was found the highest. Athletes’ ecocentric attitude values vary only. According to their educational level; anthropocentric attitude values vary according to their sport type and educational level; antipathetic attitudes towards the protection of the environment vary according to sex, sports type, educational level, perceived income level and also the living environment. s conclusion; athletes with university and higher educational levels have higher ecocentric scores than athletes with high school and lower education levels; athletes from nature sports and athletes with high school and lower educational levels have higher anthropocentric scores than athletes from indoor sports and athletes with university and higher educational levels; finally, men participants than women participant, athletes from nature sports than athletes from indoor sports, athletes with high school and lower educational levels than athletes with university and higher educational levels, participants with high and low perceived income levels than participants with average perceived income levels, participants living in country side than participants living in cities have higher antipathetic attitude scores towards the protection of the environment.
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MEDEI, Florentina-Camelia. "HEALTH, A SINE QUA NON CONDITION OF SPORTS PERFORMANCE." UNIVERSITY ARENA 2, no. 1/2018 (2018): 89–94. https://doi.org/10.62229/uaii_1_18-15.
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In the context of the alarming increase in the number of sports accidents with serious consequences, namely permanent or temporary inability to play, infirmity or death, the present scientific approach aims at highlighting the primordial role of health, which is - in our opinion – a sine qua non condition of sports performance, as well as some aspects of the legal liability of athlete, of the coach and of the doctor of national or Olympic team in situations where they fail to comply with their obligations under the legal provisions on working and rest time, periodic rest periods (daily and weekly), athletic leave, medical leave, health and safety at work, accidents at work, control and medical assistance, World Anti-Doping Code and International Standards, biochemical assistance, health insurance, etc. The paper aims to analyze the main categories of rights and obligations that ensure the protection of the health of athletes, and at the same time wishes to be an alarm signal in the prevention of sports accidents or athletes' deaths as a result of their activity.
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Song, Bo, and Peixing Tuo. "Monitoring the Physical Condition of Basketball Players using IoT and Blockchain." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (July 20, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7657764.
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As a popular competitive sport, basketball has attracted the attention of many people due to its warm and sunny characteristics. Athletics means results, but not everyone gets the results they want. With the continuous development of technology, people have gradually discovered that the physical function of athletes is one of the important factors affecting the performance of sports. The long-standing principle of “three big and one small” ignores the overall physical fitness of athletes, resulting in insufficient physical coordination and slow performance improvement. Competitive sports have always followed the principle of “three big and one small,” which means emphasizing high-strength and high-intensity training, and fundamentally ignoring the impact of small muscle groups and overall physical fitness on athletes. To overcome this disadvantage, this paper aims to study the physical condition monitoring of basketball players based on the Internet of Things and blockchain. It is expected to use the Internet of Things and blockchain technology to monitor the physical function of athletes in real time, formulate scientific training plans, and improve athletes’ competition. The essence of blockchain is a decentralized database, which is used to verify the validity of messages. With the promotion of Internet technology, it is essential to store and extract information from large network information. This paper compared the results of experimental methods to show the impact of the connection between physical function training and high-level basketball traditional training, proposed a new scalable storage and privacy protection scheme to solve the problem that a large amount of data cannot be stored on the blockchain. The experimental results in this paper showed that the lowest hemoglobin content of athletes before training was 131 g/L, and the highest was 157 g/L, indicating that the athletes were generally in good physical condition at this moment. After training, the lowest hemoglobin content of athletes was 117 g/L and the highest was 131 g/L, indicating that the athlete’s physical function state declined and the training intensity was too high.
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Chernyadyeva, Angelina S. "PROCEDURAL ASPECTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF ATHLETES IN CASES “ANTI-DOPING PURITY”." LEGAL ORDER: History, Theory, Practice 39, no. 4 (2023): 216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47475/2311-696x-2023-39-4-216-222.
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The article analyzes the peculiarities of international legal control over the use of prohibited substances by athletes and provides a comparative legal analysis of domestic and international rules to ensure the “purity” of sport. The paper shows that modern methods of international legal protection of athletes’ rights in this sphere are imperfect and need significant improvement. The author analyzed the procedural aspects of anti-doping inspections that affect the level of international legal protection of athletes’ rights, using the example of the situation with the Russian figure skater K. Valieva. The legal shortcomings of the anti-doping investigation against the Russian figure skater related to the violation of human rights were revealed. It is shown that the regime of protection of the rights of juvenile athletes is conditional and cannot be considered effective. It does not comply with international legal standards of increased protection of the rights of the child (as a vulnerable person) and special conditions for bringing him/her to responsibility.
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Maughan, Ronald J., Louise M. Burke, Jiri Dvorak, et al. "IOC consensus statement: dietary supplements and the high-performance athlete." British Journal of Sports Medicine 52, no. 7 (2018): 439–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099027.
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Nutrition usually makes a small but potentially valuable contribution to successful performance in elite athletes, and dietary supplements can make a minor contribution to this nutrition programme. Nonetheless, supplement use is widespread at all levels of sport. Products described as supplements target different issues, including (1) the management of micronutrient deficiencies, (2) supply of convenient forms of energy and macronutrients, and (3) provision of direct benefits to performance or (4) indirect benefits such as supporting intense training regimens. The appropriate use of some supplements can benefit the athlete, but others may harm the athlete’s health, performance, and/or livelihood and reputation (if an antidoping rule violation results). A complete nutritional assessment should be undertaken before decisions regarding supplement use are made. Supplements claiming to directly or indirectly enhance performance are typically the largest group of products marketed to athletes, but only a few (including caffeine, creatine, specific buffering agents and nitrate) have good evidence of benefits. However, responses are affected by the scenario of use and may vary widely between individuals because of factors that include genetics, the microbiome and habitual diet. Supplements intended to enhance performance should be thoroughly trialled in training or simulated competition before being used in competition. Inadvertent ingestion of substances prohibited under the antidoping codes that govern elite sport is a known risk of taking some supplements. Protection of the athlete’s health and awareness of the potential for harm must be paramount; expert professional opinion and assistance is strongly advised before an athlete embarks on supplement use.
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Tolkinova, Shokhistakhon Kahramon kizi. "PSYCHOLOGICAL PROTECTION AND ITS MAIN FEATURES AT A MASTER CLASS IN PARALYMPIC TAEKWONDO." Research and implementation 2, no. 6 (2024): 58–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11174871.
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In the article the psychological state of taekwondo in the Paralympic skill classes, the importance of self-defense in their success, as well as teaching methods are discussed. 'shown. You can read a guide about psychological changes in athletes and how to help them. This article examines the psychological state of taekwondo paralympians and their success in competitions. The article shows the types of psychological protection, its importance and problems related to the athlete's psychological stress
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Ghoseiri, Kamiar, Galavij Ghoseiri, Ahlam Bavi, and Rojin Ghoseiri. "Face-protective orthosis in sport-related injuries." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 37, no. 4 (2012): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364612463929.
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Background and aim: Sport is associated with risk of injury and re-injury. A rehabilitative sport-related orthosis could protect the injured site and help in the earlier return of athlete to the match. This technical note aims to describe a potential high-prescribed face orthosis to protect/prevent a sport-related injury. Technique: Face-protective orthosis should be custom molded from negative impression of the injured athlete’s face. It is lightweight and structured as a one-piece rigid plastic shell that is secured in place with three elastic straps. Due to the diverse patterns of craniomaxillofacial injuries, the shape, length, trimline, and characteristics of face-protective orthoses could be different. Discussion: Face-protective orthoses could have prophylactic or rehabilitative roles according to task and prescription reason. Although the main action of the facial orthoses should be protection, the design of the face-protective orthosis should be improved both functionality and aesthetically to promote its use by athletes. Clinical relevance The craniomaxillofacial injuries have potential to be treated by custom-molded face-protective orthoses. These orthoses could have prophylactic or rehabilitative roles based on their prescription purpose. These orthoses could cause earlier return of athletes to sports matches.
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Imai, Kazuhiro, and Naoshi Fukui. "The role of sports medicine for athletes -protection of the athletes’ lifetime healthcare-." Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine 66, no. 5 (2017): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.66.323.
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Shukla, Shiva, Monika Sharma, and Vaishali Chaudhary. "NEUROMUSCULAR TRAINING AND ITS EFFECT ON QUADRICEPS ACTIVATION AND ACL PROTECTION." International Journal of Advanced Research 13, no. 02 (2025): 531–35. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/20402.
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Introduction: This dissertation investigates the impact of neuromuscular training (NMT) on quadriceps activation and its role in protecting the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), which is a critical concern in sports medicine. ACL injuries are particularly prevalent among athletes, often leading to prolonged recovery periods, reduced performance, and significant healthcare costs. Aim: The aim of this research is to evaluate whether targeted NMT can enhance quadriceps strength and knee stability, thereby reducing the risk of ACL injuries. Objectives: The objectives include assessing improvements in quadriceps-to-hamstring strength ratio, functional stability of the knee, and key risk factors associated with ACL injuries following an NMT intervention. Hypothesis: The hypothesis posits that athletes undergoing a structured NMT program will demonstrate increased quadriceps activation and enhanced ACL protection compared to baseline measurements. Methodology: The study employs an experimental methodology with a sample of athletes aged 18-30, divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group underwent an 12-week NMT program, while the control group followed routine training. Data collection involved strength measurements and functional movement tests to evaluate quadriceps activation and knee stability. Results: Results reveal a significant improvement in quadriceps-to-hamstring strength ratio and functional knee stability in the intervention group, alongside a reduction in ACL injury risk factors. Conclusion: The findings underscore the effectiveness of integrating NMT into athletic training regimens as a preventive strategy for ACL injuries. This research highlights the importance of structured neuromuscular interventions in sports training and contributes to the development of evidence-based injury prevention programs.
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Sheiko, V. "INFLUENCE OF NASOFERON ON SYSTEMIC IMMUNITY DURING PHYSICAL EXERCISES." Scientific heritage, no. 114 (June 9, 2023): 9–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8019699.
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The period of increased susceptibility of athletes' bodies to infections after acute and significant physical exertion is called the "open window". The "open window" theory links the spike in sportsmen's illness with shortterm suppression of the immune system under the influence of excessive physical exertion. Decreased immunity is an early symptom of impaired adaptation of the athlete's body and is accompanied by a drop in anti-infective protection, a decrease in phagocytosis, leukocyte migration, and a decrease in the number of eosinophils and lymphocytes in the blood. The purpose of our study was to find out the effect of the immunostimulant "Nazoferon" on indicators of systemic immunity against the background of physical exertion. Our research complements general information about the state of the immune system of athletes, as well as the possibility of correcting immunodeficiency states caused by physical exertion, namely non-specific anti-infectious immune protection of the body.
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Kim, Jongsoo, Sunjang Lee, and Jusik Park. "Differences in PROTECTION for Sports Imagery Ability of High School Taekwondo Breaking Athletes." J-Institute 5, no. 2 (2020): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22471/protective.2020.5.2.50.
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Borecki, Marek. "Legal and ethical analysis of dietary supplement use in the light of anti-doping regulations." Quality in Sport 39 (March 2, 2025): 58988. https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2025.39.58988.
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The use of dietary supplements in sports presents both potential benefits and significant regulatory and ethical challenges. This study examines the legal framework governing dietary supplements under international anti-doping policies, particularly the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Code, and analyzes the risks associated with supplement contamination. The research highlights inconsistencies between international and national regulatory approaches, which contribute to varying levels of protection for athletes against unintentional doping violations. Case studies of athletes sanctioned due to contaminated supplements emphasize the urgent need for stricter regulatory oversight and improved athlete education. Ethical concerns regarding fair play, athlete responsibility, and the commercialization of supplements are also discussed. The study concludes that a harmonized regulatory approach, mandatory third-party supplement certification, and enhanced educational initiatives are necessary to reduce the risks associated with dietary supplement use in sports and to uphold the integrity of competition.
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Yan, Fanqian. "The Role of Nutrients in Exploring the Application of Nutrients in Athlete Training." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 102 (July 11, 2024): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/k988ph30.
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In order to improve China's high level of competition, promote the development of China's athlete industry, improve the level of China's sports development. This paper adopts the literature method, logic analysis method of the present situation of the diet structure of domestic athletes, through the analysis of the sports nutrition food status at home and abroad, summarizes the excellent sports nutrition food strategy to promote the future development of sports nutrition food in China: perfect the sports nutrition food system construction, strengthen our sports nutrition food standard, establish a mature sports nutrition food market, so as to provide strong underlying construction for the development of sports undertakings in our country. This paper is mainly a detailed study of the athletes' diet collocation, before and after training special attention, this profound discussion and construction, get the athletes after training recovery reinforcement content, harvest a lot. Although the article deeply discusses the preparation work and competitive improvement of athletes before and after training, there is still a lot of research space for the stimulation measures of athletes before the competition and the protection means during the competition. Future studies should focus on the profound study of the function of athletes before the competition and the physical regulation during the competition.
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Edouard, Pascal, Pierre-Eddy Dandrieux, Karsten Hollander, and Michael Zyskowski. "Injuries and illnesses at the Munich 2022 European Championships: a prospective study of 5419 athletes from 52 countries involved in 9 sports." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 10, no. 1 (2024): e001737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001737.
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ObjectiveTo describe the incidence and characteristics of the sports injuries and illnesses that occurred during the 2022 European Championships.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study on newly incurred injuries and illnesses collected by the national medical teams and the local organising committee physicians using a standardised online report form on a daily basis, in all athletes registered at the 2022 European Championships from 11 August 2022 to 21 August 2022 in Munich (Germany).ResultsIn total, 5419 athletes were registered at the 2022 European Championships in 9 sports. A total of 181 in-competition injuries were reported, representing an overall incidence of 33.4 injuries per 1000 registered athletes, with higher values in triathlon, cycling and athletics. More injuries located at the lower limb and involving the muscles and skin were reported in athletics, at the lower limb and involving the skin in triathlon, at the head and trunk and upper limb and involving head and skin in cycling. A total of 65 illnesses were reported, representing an overall incidence of 12.0 illnesses per 1000 registered athletes, with higher values in athletics and rowing. The most affected common system was the cardiovascular system (24.6%), followed by the gastrointestinal (18.5%) and upper respiratory tracts (16.9%). The most frequent causes were exercise (36.9%), infections (30.8%) and ‘others’ (10.8%).ConclusionThis was the first injury and illness surveillance during multisports European Championships providing relevant results to help anticipate medical services and athletes’ health protection, and highlighting the need for special attention for triathlon and cycling.
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Elikov, A. V., and M. M. Korosteleva. "Role of antioxidant protection system in development of detachment in athletes." Sports medicine: research and practice 11, no. 4 (2022): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2021.4.9.
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Objective: to study the main indicators of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection in the blood plasma of former athletes, depending on the period of cessation of sports.Materials and methods: 24 former male athletes aged 19‒29 years were examined, who were divided into 2 groups of 12 people each (1st group — former athletes who stopped training for up to 2 years; 2nd — over 2 years). The control group consisted of 15 practically healthy untrained student volunteers of the same age. To study the state of free radical oxidation, we used the determination of the content of active products of thiobarbituric acid by reaction with thiobarbituric acid, spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 535 nm. Determination of diene conjugates was carried out in the heptane phase after preliminary extraction with a heptane-isopropanol mixture at a wavelength of 233 nm.Results: the direction of the shifts in the state of the oxidative balance was established depending on the period of detraining. The concentration of malondialdehyde in former athletes of the 1st group increased by 38.6 %. In the study of the content of diene conjugates, the staging of changes in the studied indicator was established with the maximum values in the former athletes of the 1st group and lower in the 2nd, exceeding the value of this indicator in the control group by 8.0 %.Conclusions: the obtained data can be recommended for monitoring the state of athletes who stopped playing sports and taken into account when prescribing rehabilitation measures for the corresponding contingent.
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Kakita, Mari, Yukio Mikami, Tatsuru Ibusuki, et al. "The prevalence of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow and ulnar nerve dislocation in recreational wheelchair marathon athletes." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (2020): e0243324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243324.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Ulnar neuropathy at the elbow is an entrapment neuropathy, while ulnar nerve dislocation might also be involved in its incidence and severity. Wheelchair marathon athletes may be at an increased risk for Ulnar Neuropathy. However, there is a paucity of research into the prevalence of Ulnar Neuropathy and ulnar nerve dislocation in this population. Objective To investigate the prevalence of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow and ulnar nerve dislocation in wheelchair marathon athletes. Participants Wheelchair marathon athletes (N = 38) who participated in the 2017, 2018, and 2019 Oita International Wheelchair Marathon. 2 athletes participated only one time, 36 athletes repeatedly. Data from athletes`latest assessment were used. Methods The day before the race, questionnaires, physical examinations, and ultrasonography were conducted to screen for Ulnar Neuropathy in both upper limbs. Ulnar nerve dislocation was confirmed by physical examination and ultrasonography. Results 11 (29%) athletes were diagnosed with Ulnar Neuropathy. There were no significant differences in age, height, weight, Body Mass Index, or history of primary illness between athletes with and without Ulnar Neuropathy. In the group without Ulnar Neuropathy, 44% of athletes reported to have been engaging in other wheelchair sports, compared to 9% in the group with Ulnar Neuropathy (p = 0.037). Ulnar nerve dislocation was diagnosed in 15 (39%) athletes by ultrasonography. Out of the 14 elbows of 11 athletes diagnosed with Ulnar Neuropathy, 9 (64%) elbows had ulnar nerve dislocation. Conclusion The prevalence of Ulnar Neuropathy in wheelchair marathon athletes was higher than previously reported in able-bodied, non-athlete individuals and lower than in non-athletes with lower limb dysfunction. Therefore, while wheelchair sports may provide some protection against Ulnar Neuropathy, this study further supports the importance of screening for Ulnar Neuropathy, as well as for ulnar nerve dislocation as a potential risk factor for the development of Ulnar Neuropathy.
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Hobbs, Courtney, Vinayak K. Nahar, M. Allison Ford, Martha A. Bass, and Robert T. Brodell. "Skin Cancer Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors in Collegiate Athletes." Journal of Skin Cancer 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/248198.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Outdoor athletes represent an important group at risk for skin cancer because they are routinely exposed to high levels of ultraviolet radiation. The purpose of this study was to assess current skin cancer knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among collegiate athletes. A modified version of the Melanoma Risk Behavior Survey was completed by 343 athletes attending a Southern University in the USA, generating an 87% response rate. Survey results demonstrated that the majority of the athletes do not limit their sun exposure and reported low levels of sun protective behaviors. In addition, athletes lacked knowledge about skin cancer and sun protection. Eighty-three percent of the athletes stated that tanning beds improve one’s overall health. Race was significantly associated with skin cancer knowledge, whereas, gender was found to be significantly associated with knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards skin cancer. Additionally, there was a significant relationship between knowledge and behavior, but not between attitude and behavior. This study highlights the need to educate athletes about the hazards of tanning to minimize UV exposure and promote sun protection habits. Moreover, athletes should be educated on the dangers of indoor tanning facilities and encouraged to avoid these facilities.
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Kurashova, N., A. Yureva, M. Dolgikh, I. Gutnik, and L. Kolesnikovа. "ETHNIC FEATURES OF LIPID PROFILE AND LIPID PEROXIDATION IN FREESTYLE WRESTLERS." Human Sport Medicine 19, no. 2 (2019): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/hsm190205.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. The article deals with the assessment of the lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant protection in freestyle wrestlers belonging to different ethnic groups. Materials and methods. The study involved freestyle male wrestlers aged 18–22 with the rank of the Candidate for Master of Sport and Master of Sport regularly practicing freestyle wrestling. We studied a serum consisting of blood plasma and erythrocyte hemolysate. Lipid exchange was studied with the help of the BTS-350 analyzer (Spain) and BioSystems (Spain) reagents. To establish aminotransferase in blood serum, we used Vital (Russia) reagents. The components of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection were established with the help of spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods. Results. Freestyle athletes of the Russian ethnic group are characterized by a significantly lower TG concentrations compared to Buryat athletes. In the system of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection, in athletes of the Russian ethnic group, we revealed a significant AOA, reduced glutathione and retinol compared to Buryat athletes. Conclusion. The data obtained prove a different degree of metabolic activity in athletes from various ethnic groups. The balance between lipid oxidation and antioxidant protection mostly determines metabolic intensity as well as adaptation capacities of the body. The study of metabolic changes in highly-skilled athletes from different ethnic groups can contribute to the deepening of knowledge about the physiological basis and pathogenetic effects of stress on the human body. This will be one of the factors for optimizing training and providing the search for the ways of increasing physical activity as a mean of preserving the nation and sports development.
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Zhmaka, Vladyslav. "The State of Observance of the Labor Rights of Minor Professional Athletes: Analysis of a Particular Practice of Sports Dispute Resolution." Problems of legality, no. 168 (May 6, 2025): 133–47. https://doi.org/10.21564/2414-990x.168.326450.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The relevance of the research topic is due to the growing trend of involvement of underage professional athletes in top-level competitions, which creates new challenges for the observance of their labor rights. At the same time, generalization of all categories of athletes does not allow taking into account the peculiarities of the legal status of underage professional athletes who, in addition to the status of employees, have the status of a child. The purpose of the article is to determine, based on the analysis of the case law of national courts and sports dispute resolution institutions, the status of observance of labor rights of underage professional athletes. To achieve the purpose of the study, the author used the following general scientific and special methods: analysis, synthesis, comparative legal, formal logical, statistical and other methods. The results of the study demonstrate the unsatisfactory state of observance of labor rights of underage professional athletes. This is manifested in the insufficient prevalence of the judicial form of labor rights protection, and in the prioritization of labor disputes by sports dispute resolution institutions. In addition, the author highlights the peculiarities of labor disputes relating to underage professional athletes. The widespread use of doping among underage professional athletes requires that more attention be paid to the protection of their labor rights. Based on the results of the study, the author concludes that further research is needed into the forms, methods, measures and means of protection of labor rights of minor professional athletes.
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Vavzhenchuk, Sergiy, and Vladyslav Zhmaka. "Peculiarities of Protecting the Rights of Underage Professional Athletes in Anti-Doping Disputes." Visnik Nacional’nogo universitetu «Lvivska politehnika». Seria: Uridicni nauki 12, no. 46 (2025): 56–65. https://doi.org/10.23939/law2025.46.056.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to the study of the legal peculiarities of protection of the rights of underage professional athletes in disputes related to violation of anti-doping rules. The relevance of the study is due to the increasing number of positive doping tests among underage professional athletes, which is a cause for concern, since, given the risk of manipulation by coaches, representatives of physical culture and sports institutions, parents and other persons, such athletes are in particular need of protection. In addition, the rules governing anti-doping organizations establish specifics relating to underage professional athletes. Methodologically, the article is based on the analysis of anti-doping rules, legislation and doctrinal provisions. In the course of the study, the author used the following general scientific and special methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, formal-logical, dialectical, generalization and others. It was found that the translation of the World Anti-Doping Code 2021 into Ukrainian and the Anti-Doping Rules approved by the National Anti-Doping Center sometimes contain incorrect legal terminology that does not correspond to the meaning of the described concept. In view of this, an updated version of the definition of a protected person is proposed. The author found that despite the introduction of the protected person concept, which is intended to establish the specifics of protection of underage professional athletes in the course of consideration of disputes related to violation of anti-doping rules, a number of legal issues remain. These include the following. First, the need to prove no significant fault or negligence to reduce the sanction. Secondly, there may be discrimination against persons who, although they have the legal status of a child under international law, cannot use the status of a protected person. Thirdly, the involvement of third parties in the violation of anti-doping rules by underage professional athletes does not reduce the amount of responsibility that is assigned to the latter. Keywords: anti-doping rules, anti-doping disputes, doping, protection of rights, protection of labor rights, underage employees, professional athletes, sports law, employment relations.
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Dana, Amir, Fereshteh Golzadeh, Sheida Ranjbari, and Kamelia Abdi. "The relationship between social responsibility and environmental protection behaviors with the mediating role of cultural capital in student-athletes." Geographic space 79, no. 22 (2023): 211–28. https://doi.org/10.52547/GeoSpa.22.3.211.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social responsibility and environmental protection behaviors with the mediating role of cultural capital in athletic students in Tehran. The research method was descriptive-correlational studies based on structural equations. The statistical population of the study consisted of all student-athletes who were selected as a sample based on the size of the unlimited population and based on Morgan table, 364 people based on multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Carroll (1991), Bourdieu (1986) and Kaiser (1999) Environmental Behavior Questionnaires were used to collect data. The reliability of the questionnaires based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.912, 0.854 and 0.832, respectively. Data were analyzed by Pearson's test and structural equations using AMOS software. According to the results of Pearson correlation test between social responsibility and cultural capital (Sig: 0.001, r: 0.532), between social responsibility and environmental protection behaviors (Sig: 0.001, r: 0.665) and There is a significant positive relationship between cultural capital and environmental protection behaviors (Sig: 0.001, r:0.714). Also, the results of structural equations showed that social responsibility through the mediating variable of cultural capital has a significant positive effect on environmental protection behaviors of student students.