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Готові списки джерел за темами / PRWs

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "PRWs"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 січня 2023

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "PRWs":

1

Kim, Catherine, Gary Chisholm, Abby Bevolo, Beverly Shelton, Leslie Kian, Carol M. Lewis, Elizabeth A. Garcia, Randal S. Weber, and Michael Frumovitz. "Comparison of Internal Patient Satisfaction Scores at a Cancer Center With Star Ratings on Online Physician-Rating Websites." JCO Oncology Practice 17, no. 8 (August 2021): e1181-e1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/op.20.00564.

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PURPOSE: Patients have been increasingly using physician-rating websites (PRWs); however, few studies have analyzed the validity of star ratings on PRWs. We aimed to compare PRW patient satisfaction scores with internally generated patient satisfaction scores (internal scores) of physicians at a large quaternary cancer center. METHODS: We collected internal scores and PRW scores for physicians at MD Anderson Cancer Center. Internal scores were based on patient responses to the Clinician and Group Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems patient experience (CG-CAHPS) survey. Only physicians with an internal score on the basis of ≥ 30 patient reviews were included. The median numbers of reviews and median scores were compared between internal data and four PRWs (Google, HealthGrades, Vitals, and WebMD). Both internally and on PRWs, possible scores ranged from 1 (least satisfied) to 5 (most satisfied). RESULTS: Of 640 physicians with an internal score, 510 (79.7%) met the inclusion criteria. For these 510 physicians, the median (IQR) number of internal reviews was 49.5 (30-93) and the median (IQR) internal score was 4.89 (4.81-4.93); the median number of reviews on PRWs ranged from 2 to 7, and the median score on PRWs ranged from 4.40 to 5.00. No physician had an internal score < 4, but the proportions with score < 4 on PRWs ranged from 16% to 30%. CONCLUSION: Internal patient satisfaction scores were higher and calculated from more reviews than PRW patient satisfaction scores and correlated weakly with PRW scores. Given that patients rely on PRWs when evaluating potential physicians, we recommend publishing internal scores online to give patients more complete information regarding physician performance.

2

Guetz, Bernhard, and Sonja Bidmon. "Awareness of and interaction with physician rating websites: A cross-sectional study in Austria." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 30, 2022): e0278510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278510.

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To date, the digital assessment of service experiences represents a decisive process step of a feedback culture in numerous economic areas. In view of this digitalization of service assessments, the importance of Physician Rating Websites (PRWs) has also increased steadily in recent years. Even though these websites could be perceived as a powerful communication tool for the exchange of health specific information, the knowledge about whether and how different population segments use these portals has been limited so far. For this reason, our aim was to investigate the level of awareness regarding PRWs among the study population and to discover how users interact with this specific type of online portals. We performed an online survey including 558 participants. To ensure the attention and integrity of participants, attention checks were included in the questionnaire. Study participants who did not exceed the mentioned security levels were excluded from the study. Statistical analyses were carried out, using IBM SPSS Statistics 27. To illustrate the relationship between demographic variables and dependent variables, two tailed chi square tests were performed. Comparison of means and t-testing was used to investigate the relationship between psychographic variables and the dependent variables. In addition to that, the awareness levels regarding different rating portals were evaluated using descriptive methods. Our results suggest that the general awareness regarding PRWs is relatively high (75.6%, 423/558), especially among female (x21 = 9.880, P = .002), middle-aged (x29 = 26.810, P = .002), more highly educated (x24 = 19.038, P = .001), urban (x21 = 6.274, P = .012), digitally literate (t203 = 2.63, P = .009) individuals and particularly among respondents with a higher eHealth literacy (t203 = 2.37, P = .019). Even though more than three quarters of the respondents know that PRWs exist, compared to other rating platforms, they are only in the lower midfield. The upper ranks are taken by websites on which restaurant visits (98.9%, 552/558), hotel stays (97.7%, 545/558) or movies (95.5%, 533/558) can be rated. The most popular PRWs in Austria include Docfinder.at (31.3%, 175/558; 77.8%, 434/558) followed by the evaluation tools provided by Google.at (8.24%, 46/558; 70.3%, 392/558) and Herold.at (1.61%, 9/558; 44.8%, 250/558). In Austria, PRWs seem to be characterized by a high degree of interaction (89.2%, 498/558) with a wide variety of different types of interactions. While many respondents use PRWs to retrieve general information (83.2%, 464/558), there are significantly fewer who read physicians’ reviews (60.9%, 340/558) and use this portal to select a physician (60.6%, 338/558). Respondents who have already rated a doctor themselves belong to the smallest group accounting for just 14.7% (82/558). Significant effects regarding the interaction with PRWs exist between different genders, ages, education levels, marital statuses, occupations and areas of living. In addition to that, respondents with better feelings towards the internet, greater digital literacy as well as a higher eHealth literacy were also characterized with a higher interaction rate regarding PRWs. According to the high level of awareness of and interaction with PRWs within our study population, PRWs appear to be a successful medium for health-related communication. Especially for female, middle-aged, more highly educated, urban and more technology savvy population segments, PRWs seem to represent an effective tool to support the health-specific decision-making process.

3

Nicknam, Afsoon, and Andre Filiatrault. "Direct Displacement-Based Seismic Design of Propped Rocking Walls." Earthquake Spectra 31, no. 1 (February 2015): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/051512eqs187m.

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A direct displacement-based design (DDBD) methodology is described for propped rocking walls (PRWs). PRWs represent a novel seismic force-resisting system that combines passive supplemental damping devices with unbonded post-tensioned concrete rocking walls. The key aspect of the proposed design procedure is the closed-form derivation of the stabilized hysteretic response of PRWs under reverse cyclic loading. This allows the direct application of the DDBD procedure to satisfy desired displacement performance objectives under prescribed levels of seismic intensity. Nonlinear response analyses are conducted on a prototype PRW structure, designed according to the proposed DDBD procedure to evaluate its performance under strong ground shaking.

4

Guetz, Bernhard, and Sonja Bidmon. "The Impact of Social Influence on the Intention to Use Physician Rating Websites: Moderated Mediation Analysis Using a Mixed Methods Approach." Journal of Medical Internet Research 24, no. 11 (November 14, 2022): e37505. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/37505.

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Background Physician rating websites (PRWs) have become increasingly important in the cross-section between health and digitalization. Social influence plays a crucial role in human behavior in many domains of life, as can be demonstrated by the increase in high-profile influential individuals such as social media influencers (SMIs). Particularly in the health-specific environment, the opinion of family and friends has a significant influence on health-related decisions. However, so far, there has been little discussion about the role of social influence as an antecedent of behavioral intention to use PRWs. Objective On the basis of theories of social psychology and technology acceptance and theories from the economic perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of social influence on the behavioral intention to use PRWs. Methods We conducted 2 studies by applying a mixed methods approach including a total of 712 participants from the Austrian population. The impact of social influence on the behavioral intention to use PRWs was investigated through linear regression and mediation and moderated mediation analysis using the PROCESS macro 4.0 in SPSS 27 (IBM Corp). Results The 2 studies show similar results. In study 1, an experiment, no direct effect of social influence on the behavioral intention to use PRWs could be detected. However, an indirect effect of social influence on the behavioral intention to use PRWs via credibility (b=0.572; P=.005) and performance expectancy (b=0.340; P<.001) could be confirmed. The results of study 2, a cross-sectional study, demonstrate that social influence seems to have a direct impact on the behavioral intention to use PRWs (b=0.410; P<.001). However, when calculating the proposed mediation model, it becomes clear that this impact may partly be explained through the 2 mediator variables—credibility (b=0.208; P<.001) and performance expectancy (b=0.312; P<.001). In contrast to the observed direct and indirect effect, neither demographic nor psychographic variables have a significant moderating impact on the influencing chain in study 2. Conclusions This study provides an indication that social influence has at least an indirect impact on the behavioral intention to use PRWs. It was observed that this impact is exerted through credibility and performance expectancy. According to the findings of both studies, social influence has the potential to boost the use of PRWs. As a result, these web-based networks might be a promising future interface between health care and digitalization, allowing health care practitioners to gain a beneficial external impact while also learning from feedback. Social influence nowadays is not just limited to friends and family but can also be exerted by SMIs in the domain of PRW use. Thus, from a marketing perspective, PRW providers could think of collaborating with SMIs, and our results could contribute to stimulating discussion in this vein.

5

Shah, Adnan Muhammad, Wazir Muhammad, Kangyoon Lee, and Rizwan Ali Naqvi. "Examining Different Factors in Web-Based Patients’ Decision-Making Process: Systematic Review on Digital Platforms for Clinical Decision Support System." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (October 26, 2021): 11226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111226.

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(1) Background: The appearance of physician rating websites (PRWs) has raised researchers’ interest in the online healthcare field, particularly how users consume information available on PRWs in terms of online physician reviews and providers’ information in their decision-making process. The aim of this study is to consistently review the early scientific literature related to digital healthcare platforms, summarize key findings and study features, identify literature deficiencies, and suggest digital solutions for future research. (2) Methods: A systematic literature review using key databases was conducted to search published articles between 2010 and 2020 and identified 52 papers that focused on PRWs, different signals in the form of PRWs’ features, the findings of these studies, and peer-reviewed articles. The research features and main findings are reported in tables and figures. (3) Results: The review of 52 papers identified 22 articles for online reputation, 15 for service popularity, 16 for linguistic features, 15 for doctor–patient concordance, 7 for offline reputation, and 11 for trustworthiness signals. Out of 52 studies, 75% used quantitative techniques, 12% employed qualitative techniques, and 13% were mixed-methods investigations. The majority of studies retrieved larger datasets using machine learning techniques (44/52). These studies were mostly conducted in China (38), the United States (9), and Europe (3). The majority of signals were positively related to the clinical outcomes. Few studies used conventional surveys of patient treatment experience (5, 9.61%), and few used panel data (9, 17%). These studies found a high degree of correlation between these signals with clinical outcomes. (4) Conclusions: PRWs contain valuable signals that provide insights into the service quality and patient treatment choice, yet it has not been extensively used for evaluating the quality of care. This study offers implications for researchers to consider digital solutions such as advanced machine learning and data mining techniques to test hypotheses regarding a variety of signals on PRWs for clinical decision-making.

6

McLennan, Stuart. "The Content and Nature of Narrative Comments on Swiss Physician Rating Websites: Analysis of 849 Comments." Journal of Medical Internet Research 21, no. 9 (September 30, 2019): e14336. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14336.

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Background The majority of physician rating websites (PRWs) provide users the option to leave narrative comments about their physicians. Narrative comments potentially provide richer insights into patients’ experiences and feelings that cannot be fully captured in predefined quantitative rating scales and are increasingly being examined. However, the content and nature of narrative comments on Swiss PRWs has not been examined to date. Objective This study aimed to examine (1) the types of issues raised in narrative comments on Swiss PRWs and (2) the evaluation tendencies of the narrative comments. Methods A random stratified sample of 966 physicians was generated from the regions of Zürich and Geneva. Every selected physician was searched for on 3 PRWs (OkDoc, DocApp, and Medicosearch) and Google, and narrative comments were collected. Narrative comments were analyzed and classified according to a theoretical categorization framework of physician-, staff-, and practice-related issues. Results The selected physicians had a total of 849 comments. In total, 43 subcategories addressing the physician (n=21), staff (n=8), and practice (n=14) were identified. None of the PRWs’ comments covered all 43 subcategories of the categorization framework; comments on Google covered 86% (37/43) of the subcategories, Medicosearch covered 72% (31/43), DocApp covered 60% (26/43), and OkDoc covered 56% (24/43). In total, 2441 distinct issues were identified within the 43 subcategories of the categorization framework; 83.65% (2042/2441) of the issues related to the physician, 6.63% (162/2441) related to the staff, and 9.70% (237/2441) related to the practice. Overall, 95% (41/43) of the subcategories of the categorization framework and 81.60% (1992/2441) of the distinct issues identified were concerning aspects of performance (interpersonal skills of the physician and staff, infrastructure, and organization and management of the practice) that are considered assessable by patients. Overall, 83.0% (705/849) of comments were classified as positive, 2.5% (21/849) as neutral, and 14.5% (123/849) as negative. However, there were significant differences between PRWs, regions, and specialty regarding negative comments: 90.2% (111/123) of negative comments were on Google, 74.7% (92/123) were regarding physicians in Zurich, and 73.2% (90/123) were from specialists. Conclusions From the narrative comments analyzed, it can be reported that interpersonal issues make up nearly half of all negative issues identified, and it is recommended that physicians should focus on improving these issues. The current suppression of negative comments by Swiss PRWs is concerning, and there is a need for a consensus-based criterion to be developed to determine which comments should be published publicly. Finally, it would be helpful if Swiss patients are made aware of the current large differences between Swiss PRWs regarding the frequency and nature of ratings to help them determine which PRW will provide them with the most useful information.

7

Sander, U., A. S. Esslinger, M. Maryschok, O. Schöffski, and M. Emmert. "Public Reporting in Germany: the Content of Physician Rating Websites." Methods of Information in Medicine 51, no. 02 (2012): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me11-01-0045.

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SummaryBackground: Physician rating websites (PRWs) are gaining in popularity among patients seeking quality information about physicians. However, little knowledge is available about the quantity and type of information provided on the websites.Objective: To determine and structure the quantity and type of information about physicians in the outpatient sector provided on German-language physician rating websites.Methods: In a first step, we identified PRWs through a systematic internet search using German keywords from a patient´s perspective in the two search engines Google and Yahoo. Afterwards, information about physicians available on the websites was collected and categorised according to Donabedian´s structure/process/outcome model. Furthermore, we investigated whether the information was related to the physician himself/ herself or to the practice as a whole.Results: In total, eight PRWs were detected. Our analysis turned up 139 different information items on eight websites; 67 are related to the structural quality, 4 to process quality, 5 to outcomes, and 63 to patient satisfaction/experience. In total, 37% of all items focus specifically on the physician and 63% on the physician’s practice. In terms of the total amount of information provided on the PRWs, results range from 61 down to 13.5 items.Conclusions: A broad range of information is available on German PRWs. While structural information can give a detailed overview of the financial, technical and human resources of a practice, other outcome measures have to be interpreted with caution. Specifically, patient satisfaction results are not risk-adjusted, and thus, are not appropriate to represent a provider’s quality of care. Consequently, neither patients nor physicians should yet use the information provided to make their final decision for or against an individual physician.

8

Bidmon, Sonja, Ossama Elshiewy, Ralf Terlutter, and Yasemin Boztug. "What Patients Value in Physicians: Analyzing Drivers of Patient Satisfaction Using Physician-Rating Website Data." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 2 (February 3, 2020): e13830. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13830.

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Background Customer-oriented health care management and patient satisfaction have become important for physicians to attract patients in an increasingly competitive environment. Satisfaction influences patients’ choice of physician and leads to higher patient retention and higher willingness to engage in positive word of mouth. In addition, higher satisfaction has positive effects on patients’ willingness to follow the advice given by the physician. In recent years, physician-rating websites (PRWs) have emerged in the health care sector and are increasingly used by patients. Patients’ usage includes either posting an evaluation to provide feedback to others about their own experience with a physician or reading evaluations of other patients before choosing a physician. The emergence of PRWs offers new avenues to analyze patient satisfaction and its key drivers. PRW data enable both satisfaction analyses and implications on the level of the individual physician as well as satisfaction analyses and implications on an overall level. Objective This study aimed to identify linear and nonlinear effects of patients’ perceived quality of physician appointment service attributes on the overall evaluation measures that are published on PRWs. Methods We analyzed large-scale survey data from a German PRW containing 84,680 surveys of patients rating a total of 7038 physicians on 24 service attributes and 4 overall evaluation measures. Elasticities are estimated from regression models with perceived attribute quality as explanatory variables and overall evaluation measures as dependent variables. Depending on the magnitude of the elasticity, service attributes are classified into 3 categories: attributes with diminishing, constant, or increasing returns to overall evaluation. Results The proposed approach revealed new insights into what patients value when visiting physicians and what they take for granted. Improvements in the physicians’ pleasantness and friendliness have increasing returns to the publicly available overall evaluation (b=1.26). The practices’ cleanliness (b=1.05) and the communication behavior of a physician during a visit (b level between .97 and 1.03) have constant returns. Indiscretion in the waiting rooms, extended waiting times, and a lack of modernity of the medical equipment (b level between .46 and .59) have the strongest diminishing returns to overall evaluation. Conclusions The categorization of the service attributes supports physicians in identifying potential for improvements and prioritizing resource allocation to improve the publicly available overall evaluation ratings on PRWs. Thus, the study contributes to patient-centered health care management and, furthermore, promotes the utility of PRWs through large-scale data analysis.

9

McLennan, Stuart. "Rejected Online Feedback From a Swiss Physician Rating Website Between 2008 and 2017: Analysis of 2352 Ratings." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 8 (August 3, 2020): e18374. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18374.

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Background Previous research internationally has only analyzed publicly available feedback on physician rating websites (PRWs). However, it appears that many PRWs are not publishing all the feedback they receive. Analysis of this rejected feedback could provide a better understanding of the types of feedback that are currently not published and whether this is appropriate. Objective The aim of this study was to examine (1) the number of patient feedback rejected from the Swiss PRW Medicosearch, (2) the evaluation tendencies of the rejected patient feedback, and (3) the types of issues raised in the rejected narrative comments. Methods The Swiss PRW Medicosearch provided all the feedback that had been rejected between September 16, 2008, and September 22, 2017. The feedback were analyzed and classified according to a theoretical categorization framework of physician-, staff-, and practice-related issues. Results Between September 16, 2008, and September 22, 2017, Medicosearch rejected a total of 2352 patient feedback. The majority of feedback rejected (1754/2352, 74.6%) had narrative comments in the German language. However, 11.9% (279/2352) of the rejected feedback only provided a quantitative rating with no narrative comment. Overall, 25% (588/2352) of the rejected feedback were positive, 18.7% (440/2352) were neutral, and 56% (1316/2352) were negative. The average rating of the rejected feedback was 2.8 (SD 1.4). In total, 44 subcategories addressing the physician (n=20), staff (n=9), and practice (n=15) were identified. In total, 3804 distinct issues were identified within the 44 subcategories of the categorization framework; 75% (2854/3804) of the issues were related to the physician, 6.4% (242/3804) were related to the staff, and 18.6% (708/3804) were related to the practice. Frequently mentioned issues identified from the rejected feedback included (1) satisfaction with treatment (533/1903, 28%); (2) the overall assessment of the physician (392/1903, 20.6%); (3) recommending the physician (345/1903, 18.1%); (4) the physician’s communication (261/1903, 13.7%); (5) the physician’s caring attitude (220/1903, 11.6%); and (6) the physician’s friendliness (203/1903, 10.6%). Conclusions It is unclear why the majority of the feedback were rejected. This is problematic and raises concerns that online patient feedback are being inappropriately manipulated. If online patient feedback is going to be collected, there needs to be clear policies and practices about how this is handled. It cannot be left to the whims of PRWs, who may have financial incentives to suppress negative feedback, to decide which feedback is or is not published online. Further research is needed to examine how many PRWs are using criteria for determining which feedback is published or not, what those criteria are, and what measures PRWs are using to address the manipulation of online patient feedback.

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González, R. "DYNAMIC CLASSIFICATION OF BELTRAMI FLOWS." Anales AFA 33, Fluidos (August 16, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31527/analesafa.2021.33.fluidos.1.

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We study four configurations of Beltrami flows (BFs) defined as ∇ × v = ±γ ±v, where γ > 0 is an eigenvalue and which have a progressive rotating wave dynamics (PRWs) that satisfies the dynamic property (DP) [1], which allows us to classify them on the basis of the eigenvalues that result in each configuration. The first configuration corresponds to an infinite volume domain without contours. The classifier eigenvalue is γ ±ph = 2/ vph± where k is the modulus of the wave vector that forms an angle θ with the rotation axis. The result is a finite-amplitude, transverse, dispersive, circularly polarised, planar PRWs with a continuous spectrum. The second configuration has the same domain as configuration one. The classifying eigenvalue is γ ±ph = 2/ vph± with vph being the phase velocity, with vph+ < 0 and vph− > 0. They are axi-symmetric or non-axi-symmetric along the axis of rotation, of finite amplitude, non-dispersive and with motion between concentric cylinders at which the radial velocity equals zero. In the third configuration the fluid is confined in an infinite cylinder. The classifying eigenvalue is again γ ±ph but it results discretized by the boundary conditions on the cylinder wall. Classification is exemplified for vph+ = −0.1 and three rotating modes with m = 0, m = 1 y m = 2. These are finite amplitude dispersive PRWs. The fourth configuration consists of a rotational-translational flow, characterized by the Rossby number R0 (=U/a Ω) which is an intake flow to a semi-infinite cylinder. The classifying eigenvalue is γ ±ph with vph± = ∓R0. These are PRWs, of the same type as in the infinite cylinder, but dependent on R0. It is shown that these waves exist only in the interval R0 ∈ (0,0.642]. Where for R0 = 0.642 one has only the mode with m = 1 and as R0 decreases the modes m = 0 and m ≥ 2 arise successively. It is observed that, for the same R0, waves of the same sign of frequency do not exchange energy. For each configuration the possibilities and conditions of resonant triadic interactions are analyzed.

Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "PRWs":

1

Heintz, Erik, Josefine Jönsson, and Josefin Virdeborn. "Pris, pris, pris, kaffe och sedan miljö : Miljöarbete, för vem?" Thesis, University of Kalmar, Baltic Business School, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-726.

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Vi vill med denna uppsats undersöka och belysa hur företagens miljöarbete ser ut. Vidare kommer vi att beskriva och förklara hur miljöarbetet redovisas och vem det riktas till.

Miljöproblemen runt om i världen blir mer och mer uppmärksammade, vilket har lett till att såväl privatpersoner som företag har förstått innebörden av sitt handlande. Denna insikt har inneburit att företagen har börjat ifrågasätta sitt miljöarbete och hur detta ska redovisas. Eftersom det i dagsläget saknas konkreta regler för detta ser arbetet och redovisningen mycket olika ut. Det går att diskutera om ett välutvecklat miljöarbete kan leda till fördelar för företaget.

Studien baseras på ett hermeneutiskt förhållningssätt med en deduktiv ansats. Datainsamlingen har en kvalitativ karaktär, vilken grundar sig på nio intervjuer med elva respondenter.

I de valda företagen ser såväl miljöarbetet som redovisningen av detta olika ut, vilket främst beror på den begränsade lagstiftningen. Vi anser att redovisningen bör utökas, för att på så sätt uppfylla intressenterna krav. Ett välutarbetat miljöarbete kan leda till konkurrensfördelar, dock anser vi inte att enbart en miljöcertifiering kan medföra sådana fördelar och den innebär inte heller ett större miljöengagemang, än för ett icke certifierat företag.

Beroende på vilken typ av företag, är det olika intressenter som påverkar miljöarbetet. I tjänsteföretag menar vi att det är medarbetare och kunder som ställer högst krav, medan det är myndigheter och ägare i tillverkande företag. Det räcker inte att enbart uppfylla intressenternas ställda krav, utan ett utökat socialt ansvarstagande är också önskvärt.

Trots att miljödebatten i samhället är uppmärksammad, kunde vi konstatera att en produkts inverkan på miljön spelar mindre roll vid inköp. Det är fortfarande priset som avgör.

2

Levin, Rebecca, and Ida Nilsson. "Miljöpartiet : Maktens pris." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28387.

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The Swedish Miljöpartiet- De Gröna is a green party which derives from radical social movements with a high emphasis on criticism against the traditional political system and political party structure. Their long journey to become a part of government in Sweden suggests that some ideological sacrifice could have been made to condition themselves as a traditional party with the objective to gain electoral success. As earlier studies have concluded this is a common phenomenon in green parties around the world when they attempt to enter parliaments. The consequences of ideological change are both conflicts within the party and when their continued focus is unclear to the voters and members of the party, they risk losing core voters and members. This study was conducted as a qualitative idea analysis of the ideological base of the party’s program with a perspective of changes over time. With the aim to find what has ideologically been lost and what might have been added. The conclusion consists of ambivalent findings, with both a change of core elements and a preservation of the ideological base.

3

Ooi, Robert. "The promise of PRTs." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2010. http://worldcat.org/oclc/650075659/viewonline.

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4

Olvén, Anna. "Fast pris på lantmäteriförrättningar." Thesis, University West, Department of Technology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-702.

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5

Lundberg, Erika, and Petra Jonsson. "Skönhetens pris : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-2126.

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6

Матущак, А. М. "Bitcoin: pros and cons." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10731.

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Strihed, Matilda, and Lisa Woldmar. "Umgänge till varje pris?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26411.

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Syftet med studien var att utifrån ett omsorgs- och delaktighetsperspektiv analysera bedömningen av barnets bästa i umgängesfrågor, i de fall där en förälder utövat våld mot den andra föräldern. För att besvara vårt syfte har vi använt oss av tre frågeställningar; Vad innebär barnets bästa för de yrkesverksamma som kommer i kontakt med barn som bevittnat våld? Vad innebär bevittnat våld för de yrkesverksamma och hur beaktas detta av de som arbetar med barnen? Hur mycket inflytande anser de yrkesverksamma att barnet ska ges vid processer som rör dem? För att samla in material utfördes sju intervjuer med yrkesverksamma som genom sitt arbete träffar barn som bevittnat våld, samt är mer eller mindre i direkt kontakt med beslut gällande umgänge mellan barn och en våldsutövande förälder. Materialet har sedan analyserats utifrån rådande lagstiftning, tidigare forskning, samt barndomssociologin och delaktighetsstegen. Vi kom i vår studie fram till att de yrkesverksamma fann att barnets bästa var att ha kontakt med båda sina föräldrar. De hade en vid uppfattning om vad begreppet bevittnat våld innefattade, dock togs detta inte till stor hänsyn i det praktiska arbetet. Från vårt resultat gick att urskilja att det är olika faktorer som spelar in i hur mycket ett barn delaktiggörs.
The purpose of the study was that from a caring and participation perspective to analyze the assessment of the best interests of the child regarding visitation matters, in cases where a parent used violence against the other parent. The purpose is broken down into three main questions; What does the best interests of the child mean to the professionals who gets in contact with children who have witnessed violence? What does witnessing violence mean to the professionals and how is this taken into account by those who work with children? How much influence considers the professionals that the child should be given in the processes that affect them? In order to answer our purpose we performed seven interviews with professionals who, through their work meet children who have witnessed violence, and are more or less in direct contact with the decision regarding visitation between children and a violent parent. The material was then analyzed based on current laws, earlier research, as well as childhood sociology and ladder of participation.Our result showed that the professionals found that the child’s best interest was to have contact with both parents. They had a broad idea of what the concept witnessed violence included, but this were not considered in the practical work. Our results also showed that there are different factors that play into how much the child was involved.

8

Einarsson, Monica, and Marie Johansson. "Inkludering - till varje pris?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-27391.

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Einarsson, Monica och Johansson, Marie. (2007). Inkludering - till varje pris? Inclusion - no matter what? Skolutveckling och ledarskap, Specialpedagogisk påbyggnadsutbildning, Lärarutbildningen, Malmö högskola. Syftet med studien är att undersöka och beskriva vilka uppfattningar elever som tidigare gått på skoldaghem, har när det gäller inkludering och exkludering. Dessutom behandlar arbetet dessa elevers uppfattningar om vistelsen på skoldaghemmet bidragit till gynnsammare förutsättningar för utveckling och lärande. Ett underordnat syfte är att öka förståelsen gällande elevers uppfattningar om sin egen skoldaghemsvistelse. Med hjälp av tio kvalitativa intervjuer, försöker detta arbete återge respondenternas uppfattningar. För bästa tolkning och bearbetning av intervjumaterialet har vi låtit oss bli inspirerade av ad hoc – teknik.Resultatet åskådliggör ett antal betydelsefulla faktorer som bidragit till och skapat gynnsamma förutsättningar för respondenterna, såväl kognitivt som socialt. De viktigaste faktorerna som analyserats fram är förhållanden som att respondenterna har vistats i en grupp med få elever, de har känt sig inkluderade och att de har upplevt relationer med engagerade vuxna som har haft ett genuint intresse. Tiden har även den varit av särdeles betydelse.

9

Dagne, Carl. "Implementering av tillståndsmaskiner med PRBS." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1841.

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Tillståndsmaskiner är vanliga komponenter i många digitala konstruktioner. En vanlig typ av tillståndsmaskin är räknare. Räknare är ofta ganska kostsamma att implementera, med avseende på antalet grindar. För att reducera denna kostnad kan istället en PRBS (Pseudo Random Binary Sequence) användas. Denna byggs upp av ett register där en xor - operation utförs mellan två positioner, som beror på längden av registret. Resultatet från denna operation skiftas sedan in i registret. På detta sätt fås en till synes slumpmässig sekvens. Talen är dock inte på något sätt slumpmässiga utan kan hela tiden förutsägas. I detta examensarbete har en undersökning för att konstruera en billig tillståndsmaskin med hjälp av PRBS:er gjorts i MatLab. Tre olika program har skrivits för att beräkna olika kostnader vid implementering av en tillståndsmaskin.

Finite state machines are common components in digital designs. A common type of finite state machine is a counter. Counters are often quite expensive to implement, with respect to the number of gates. To reduce this cost, a PRBS (Pseudo Random Binary Sequence) can be used. It is constructed of a register where a xor - operation is performed between two positions, which depend on the length of the register. The result from this operation is then shifted back into the register yielding a random-like sequence. The numbers are not random, but can always be predicted. In this thesis work finite state machine using PRBS are designed in MatLab. Three different programs have been written to calculate the costs for implementation of a PRBS.

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Hidenfalk, Maria. "Barnets bästa : till vilket pris?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-65053.

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Книги з теми "PRWs":

1

Russell, Flint William. An exhibition of drawings by Sir William Russell Flint, RA, PRWS, 1880-1969. London: Richard Green, 1990.

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2

Russell, Flint William. Sir William Russell Flint, RA, PRWS, 1880-1969: An exhibition of fine watercolours and drawings. London: Richard Green, 1987.

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3

Sochon, Serge. Le fisc de Maule dans le Polyptyque d'Irminon. Pont-Authou: Héliogoland, 2006.

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4

Charlebois, Jean. Près des yeux, près du coeur. Outremont, Québec: Lanctôt, 2001.

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5

Viguié, Christian. Partis pris. Limoges: Bruit des autres, 2009.

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6

Pras, Bernard. Bernard Pras. Paris]: Bruno Delarue, 2001.

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7

Arman. Vu-pris. [Paris]: Skira Flammarion, 2010.

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8

Viguié, Christian. Partis pris. Limoges: Bruit des autres, 2009.

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9

Pentzikēs, Nikos Gavriēl. Pros ekklēsiasmo. Thessalonikē: Agrotikes Synetairistikes Ekdoseis, 1986.

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10

Mojík, Ivan. Zlodej pŕs. Bratislava: Slovenský spisovatel̓, 2001.

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Частини книг з теми "PRWs":

1

Hall, Chris, David Wagner, John Kelsey, and Bruce Schneier. "Building PRFs from PRPs." In Advances in Cryptology — CRYPTO '98, 370–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0055742.

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2

Desai, Anand, and Sara Miner. "Concrete Security Characterizations of PRFs and PRPs: Reductions and Applications." In Advances in Cryptology — ASIACRYPT 2000, 503–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44448-3_39.

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3

Hay, Alexander H. "Protecting value: ensuring continued use." In Planning Resilient Infrastructure Systems, 107–28. London: ICE Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/pris.65628.107.

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4

Hay, Alexander H. "Sustainable infrastructure: who do we build infrastructure for?" In Planning Resilient Infrastructure Systems, 51–74. London: ICE Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/pris.65628.051.

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5

Hay, Alexander H. "2020s and beyond: future considerations." In Planning Resilient Infrastructure Systems, 193–204. London: ICE Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/pris.65628.193.

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Hay, Alexander H. "Infrastructure planning in practice: a perspective on application." In Planning Resilient Infrastructure Systems, 163–92. London: ICE Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/pris.65628.163.

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Hay, Alexander H. "Introduction." In Planning Resilient Infrastructure Systems, 13–19. London: ICE Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/pris.65628.013.

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Hay, Alexander H. "A theory of infrastructure: how does infrastructure work?" In Planning Resilient Infrastructure Systems, 21–49. London: ICE Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/pris.65628.021.

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Hay, Alexander H. "Infrastructure planning in theory: putting it all together." In Planning Resilient Infrastructure Systems, 129–62. London: ICE Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/pris.65628.129.

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Hay, Alexander H. "Resilient infrastructure: adapting to an uncertain future?" In Planning Resilient Infrastructure Systems, 75–106. London: ICE Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/pris.65628.075.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "PRWs":

1

Ismail, Nurlaila, Mohammad Taufiq Md Rani, Mohd Hezri Fazalul Rahiman, and Nooritawati Md Tahir. "Performance evaluation of ARX and ARMAX model based on PRBS and PRS perturbation." In 2015 IEEE Conference on Systems, Process and Control (ICSPC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spc.2015.7473558.

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2

Park, Soyeon, Yuanyuan Zhou, Weiwei Xiong, Zuoning Yin, Rini Kaushik, Kyu H. Lee, and Shan Lu. "PRES." In the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1629575.1629593.

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3

Xu, Huatao, Run Zhao, Qian Zhang, and Dong Wang. "PRMS." In MSWIM '18: 21st ACM Int'l Conference on Modelling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3242102.3242138.

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4

Seyedzadeh, Seyed Mohammad, Rakan Maddah, Alex Jones, and Rami Melhem. "PRES." In DAC '15: The 52nd Annual Design Automation Conference 2015. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2744769.2755440.

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5

Chen, Jingsong, Jian Kuang, Guowei Zhao, Dennis J. H. Huang, and Evangeline F. Y. Young. "PROS." In ICCAD '20: IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3400302.3415662.

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Bao, Jie, Haiquan Chen, and Wei-Shinn Ku. "PROS." In the 17th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1653771.1653872.

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7

Sun, Yuqing, and Peng Pan. "PRES." In the 7th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1089551.1089668.

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8

Pham, Nhat, Hong Jia, Minh Tran, Tuan Dinh, Nam Bui, Young Kwon, Dong Ma, Phuc Nguyen, Cecilia Mascolo, and Tam Vu. "PROS." In ACM MobiCom '22: The 28th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3495243.3560533.

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9

Magdy, Walid, and Gareth J. F. Jones. "PRES." In Proceeding of the 33rd international ACM SIGIR conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1835449.1835551.

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Chatzidakis, Michail, Michael Loukeris, and Stathes Hatjiefthymiades. "E-PreS." In PCI 2017: 21st PAN-HELLENIC CONFERENCE ON INFORMATICS. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3139367.3139369.

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Звіти організацій з теми "PRWs":

1

Mujid Kazimi. Optimization of Heterogeneous Utilization of Thorium in PRWs to Enhance Proliferation Resistance & Reduce Waste. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/820953.

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2

Honea, Joseph H. WOLVES PRES IWSST 042314. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1133751.

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3

Smith, P. S., and R. K. Schwarz. Project Records Information System (PRIS). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6273768.

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4

Dunkelberger, Jenelle R., Nick V. L. Serão, Maureen Kerrigan, Joan Lunney, Bob Rowland, and Jack C. M. Dekkers. Effect of WUR Genotype and PRRS Vaccination on Pigs Co-Infected with PRRS and PCV2b. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1359.

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5

Hazelton, Robert C. Heterodyne Interferometer for Triggering Gas-Puff PRSs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada435380.

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6

Smith, P. S., J. A. Nations, and R. D. Short. Project Records Information System (PRIS) user's manual. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6148828.

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7

Roth, P. G. Probabilistic Rotor Design System (PRDS). Phase 2. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada328075.

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8

Burford, Robert L., Wylie Hutchison, III Wingfield, Dostie Rufus, Lewis Eric, and Loma. The Pros and Cons of Army Automation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada596593.

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9

Serão, Nick V. L., Bob Kemp, Benny Mote, Philip Willson, John Harding, Steve Bishop, Graham Plastow, and Jack C. M. Dekkers. Accuracy of Genomic Prediction for PRRS Antibody Response. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1361.

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10

Kautz, D. D., and G. J. Tanaka. Rocky Flats plant qualification testing for PRES Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10170611.

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