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1
Maggott, Clint. "Impotence and vulnerability : exploring the relationship between rape and masculinity." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18220.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Assignment (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This is an explorative literature study of the theoretical relationship between rape and masculinity. It is aimed at understanding how rape can be used by men to construct their gender identity. Its focus is only on this relationship and not the two phenomena in themselves. It approaches the topic from a social constructionist theoretical perspective. I found through my research that men do tend to use rape as a resource to attain a desirable or hegemonic masculinity when other economic or social resources are not available. The picture of a rapist, which emerged, was that of a man who was disempowered either economically or socially. This impotence influences men to seek power through sexual means.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie is ‘n eksploratiewe literatuurstudie oor die verhouding tussen verkragting en manlikheid. Dit poog om te verstaan hoe verkragting deur mans gebruik kan word om hulle geslagsidentiteit te konstrueer. Die fokus van die studie is slegs op hierdie verhouding en nie op die twee fenomene in sigself nie. Dit benader die onderwerp van ‘n sosiaal-konstruksionistiese teoretiese perspektief. Ek het in my navorsing gevind dat mans geneig is om verkragting as ‘n manier te gebruik om ‘n begeerde of hegemoniese manlikheid te bewerkstellig wanneer ander ekonomiese of maatskaplike middele nie beskikbaar is nie. Die beeld van ‘n verkragter wat te voorskyn gekom het, was van ‘n man wat of ekonomies of maatskaplik ontmagtig is. Hierdie ontmagtiging beïnvloed mans om mag deur middel van die seksuele te probeer verkry.
2
Hayward, Chris. "Fashioning gender : the role of fashion in identity construction in a group of teenage girls." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1997. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36313/1/36313_Hayward_1997.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study explores the relationship between gender and fashion, by investigating the life
experiences of a small group of teenage girls from an area south of Brisbane. Working from
feminist perspectives, this study explores the way the girls, in the study, make sense of media
representations of fashion and use this in their construction of their gendered self The
representation of the fashion model construct and its role in this process is examined.
Traditionally, approaches to the discussion of fashion have ranged from historical to socialist
feminist, but few have focussed on the impact of fashion on teenage girls. This study is based on
the assumption that there is a relationship between fashion and the social construction of the
body. Connell's (1987) theories about the gender structures, oflabour, power, and cathexis, have
been employed to provide a framework for the study. Femininity, in this study, is understood as
not fixed, but rather created by biological and social factors which may be accepted and/or
opposed at any moment on a life continuum. How teenage girls use fashion images to construct
their identity is investigated. How they write their bodies, and for what purposes, is explored. This
study argues that, involved in this process, is a potential struggle as these females utilise this
discourse for both power and pleasure.
Adopting a methodological approach similar to Gilbert and Taylor (1991), this study asks a small
group of teenage girls to discuss their experiences in relation to fashion. The research is
conducted in the form of a reading of a limited sample of newspaper and magazine articles about
fashion, small group interviews, and a small questionnaire. It then investigates how these
experiences are used by the girls in their formation of a gendered identity.
The study concludes that media images of fashion play a role in designing and fabricating the
gendered identity of the girls in the study, but they often experience difficulty relating to the
images presented. The restrictions in their lives that preclude them from having the power to be
like models have led to a resistance to many aspects of fashion, rather than reading of fashion as
an unpleasant experience.
3
Hassin, Jeanette. "Social identity, gender, and the moral self: The impact of AIDS on the intravenous drug user." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186145.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This ethnography of intravenous (IV) drug users challenges popular representations of a "junkie" subculture and stereotypes of users as rejecting the dominant cultural values of mainstream society. Users attempts to construct and maintain a moral identity are examined. Beyond "war stories" ennobling street life and survival, life narratives were constructed through a juxtaposition of voices and images establishing moral worth in opposition to others. Moral identity is a central concern for IV drug users, one influencing their response to risk. Social relations, responsibility, and an ethic of care were found to underlay the moral codes developed by users, codes socially-embedded and to some degree gender specific. Men tended to adopt a "tough guy," "independence" voice in which responsibility was largely framed around status and image as a role model. Women tended to see responsibility and morality within a web of interdependence and care. Social responsibility was a measure of moral goodness. The desire to be defined by mainstream values was strongly evident among women users who were mothers. Motherhood was a core symbol representing inherent goodness, a marker of moral identity, and a means toward achieving a socially acceptable identity. The identities of "junkie" and "mother" placed women in a state of perpetual tension and conflict as manifested in issues of child custody and welfare. Maintaining relationship with their children was central to the women's moral identity, be it based in daily interaction or visitations inspiring hopes for a future. This ethnography suggests that IV drug users, while chemically dependent, maintain a sense of agency. Contrary to stereotypes of irresponsibility, users are reflexive about their habit's control and their use of drugs to block suffering, social responsibility, and the pain they cause others. Displays of agency and exercises of control proved critical in identity construction, particularly for women users diagnosed HIV positive. Documented was the process whereby they redefined their "health" and moral identity in the company of others who assisted in constructing identities in contrast to the negative stereotypes of AIDS. Through discourse within these "life narrative groups" a positive diagnosis was transposed into a positive identity.
4
Mella, Sandra Smith. "Work identity and motivations among female volunteers as a function of attitudes toward women and gender role." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/853.
Повний текст джерела
5
Feinstein, Carla Fran. "Dying to Know." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1318.
Повний текст джерела
6
Allen, Carrie Elizabeth, and Cheryl Marie Hughes. "The effect of a lesbian woman's coming-out experience on her psychological well-being." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1926.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study was performed to provide social workers with knowledge about the psychosocial risks of a lesbian client's coming-out event. A survey was administered consisting of 22 questions and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depressed Mood Scale (CES-D).
7
Berkland, Darren Gary. "Androcentrism and misogyny in late twentieth century rock music." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021199.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Judith Butler’s writings on gender ostensibly changed the way gender is considered with regard to an individual’s subjectivity. Her writings expressed a discursive parameter that changed the theoretical standpoint of gender from that of performance, to that of performativity. In short, the notion of gender became understood as a power mechanism operating within society that compels individuals along the heteronormal binary tracts of male or female, man or woman. Within the strata of popular culture, this binarism is seemingly ritualized and repeated, incessantly. This treatise examines how rock music, as a popular and widespread mode of popular music, exemplifies gender binarism through a notable ndrocentrism. The research will examine how gender performativity operates within the taxonomy of rock music, and how the message communicated by rock music becomes translated into a listener’s subjectivity.
8
Araújo, Letícia Rezende de. "Transexualidade: dos transtornos às experiências singulares." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2010. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=503.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Esta pesquisa problematiza a categoria da transexualidade, em sua dimensão psicopatológica, e questiona seu caráter normativo, que pretende alinhar sexo, gênero, prática sexual e desejo, concernente às identidades sexuais. Ao desenvolvê-la, são discutidas as implicações dos determinismos anatomosexual e de gênero, no processo de subjetivação das transexuais; também se reflete quanto à pertinência do diagnóstico psiquiátrico de Transtorno de Identidade de Gênero, para a transexualidade; analisam-se concepções psicanalíticas que sustentam o diagnóstico de psicose para a transexualidade; investiga-se a possibilidade da
intervenção cirúrgica de transgenitalização subverter a ordem binária sexo/gênero e, finalmente, consideram-se as implicações da mudança de sexo, nas subjetividades das
transexuais. Os dados da pesquisa foram coletados e analisados, segundo a práxis do método qualitativo, utilizando-se a entrevista semiestruturada como principal instrumento de trabalho de campo. Os participantes da pesquisa são transexuais de homem para mulher, que já haviam realizado a cirurgia de transgenitalização ou que ainda aguardavam a oportunidade de fazê-la. A coleta de dados foi realizada no Serviço de Ginecologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE. Seus resultados foram discutidos à luz das contribuições teóricas de Michel Foucault e Judith Butler, no campo filosófico, e de Robert
Stoller, Catherine Millot, Márcia Arán, Jurandir Costa e outros autores contemporâneos, no campo psicanalítico. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que, ao desconstruir as
concepções normativas inerentes ao sistema binário sexo-gênero, as pessoas transexuais ultrapassam os limites das certezas psicopatológicas e, ao mesmo tempo, confirmam suas
subjetividadesThis research questions the category of transsexuality in its psychopathologic dimension and the normative character concerning the sexual identities, which intend to inextricably connect sex, gender, sexual practice and desire. The implications of the sexual-anatomic and gender determinism in the process of the development of the subjectivities of the transsexuals are discussed; the pertinence of the Gender Identity Disorder (GID) psychiatric diagnosis for transsexuality is questioned; the psychoanalytic conceptions that support the psychosis diagnosis for transsexuality are analyzed; the possibility of sex change surgery subverting the sex-gender binary order is investigated; and finally, the implications of sex change surgery are considered in the subjectivities of the transsexuals. The data was collected and analyzed according to the qualitative research method and the semi-structured interview was used as the main instrument for the field research. The participants were male-to-female (MTF)transsexuals who had already undergone the surgery or were still waiting for the opportunity to do so. The data collection took place in the Gynecological Clinic in the Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) and the results were discussed in light of the theoretic contributions of Michel Foucault and Judith Butler, in the philosophical area, as well as those of Robert Stoller, Catherine Millot, Márcia Arán, Jurandir Costa and other contemporary authors, in the psychoanalytic area. The research results demonstrate that in deconstructing the normative conceptions inherent in the sex-gender binary system, the transsexuals transcend the limits of the psychopathologic certainties and, at the same time, confirm their subjectivities
9
Rummell, Christian L. "A Unique Support for Sexual-Minority Identity Development: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of a Long-Term Formal Mentoring Relationship Between an Adult and a Youth From the Gay Community." PDXScholar, 2013. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1487.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An important need exists to build a baseline understanding of the phenomenon of formal mentoring relationships involving adults and youth from the gay community. During the formative years when gay adolescents navigate through the process of understanding, defining, accepting, and sharing their identity as a sexual minority, they are often faced with high levels of environmental risks, including victimization, stress, and negative social sanctions by others. Formal mentoring has been recommended as a potential strategy to offer unique one-to-one support to gay youth that can help to foster resilience and a range of positive outcomes, including strengthening processes involved in identity development; yet, no previous studies have captured insights about these relationships. Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), this study investigated the following research questions: (a) What are the most important characteristics of long-term formal mentoring relationships between gay adults and gay youth from the perspectives of the participants? (b) How, if at all, do mentors and mentees perceive potential benefits and limitations for gay youth participating in long-term formal mentoring relationships with gay adults? (c) How, if at all, do mentors and mentees perceive their mentoring relationship uniquely contributing to sexual-minority identity development in gay youth? After a 2-year search for participants, a purposeful sample of one mentoring dyad was chosen. Semi-structured in-person interviews were conducted with the match at the 17-month and 22-month mark of their relationship. This study contained four assertions based on this study's findings: (a) This long-term mentoring relationship between an adult and a youth from the gay community shared numerous similarities with other high quality mentoring relationships; (b) This mentoring relationship offered insight into how to create individualized and long-term support for sexual-minority identity development in youth; (c) This mentoring relationship represented an important but unrealized type of support that can potentially be used to complement existing peers, internet, and community-based resources for gay youth; and (d) Complexity continues to exist in using language and self-labeling to define, inquire, and provide support to individuals from the gay community--especially youth. Recommendations for programming, policy, and future research are provided.
10
Alhidari, Abdullah. "Co-Creating Value in Video Games: The Impact of Gender Identity and Motivations on Video Game Engagement and Purchase Intentions." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc799485/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
When games were first developed for in-home use, they were primarily targeted almost exclusively at children and males. However, today’s marketplace manifests a more diverse population plays Internet-enabled games that can be played virtually anywhere. The average gamer is now 30 years old. Many gamers, obviously, are much older. Yet more strikingly, and more germane to this study’s purpose, 47% of the U.S. gamer population is female, as compared to 40% in 2010. Despite these trends the gaming industry remains a male-dominated culture. The marketer’s job is to facilitate game engagement and to motivate gamers to play. The notion of “engagement” is not new in business. The term was developed in the last decade. Many studies were devoted to understand, explain, and define the term. It suggests that within interactive, dynamic business environments, consumer engagement (CE) represents a strategic position that companies can use to enhance their sales growth, competitive advantage, and profitability. Moreover, there are three levels of engagement in any experiential consumption (i.e., playing video game): presence, flow, and psychological absorption. The findings of this study affirm that consumer engagement, including presence, flow and psychological absorption are explanatory factors that impact gamer’s purchase intentions. Our results show that consumers experience different mental engagement in an interactive environment (i.e., playing video games) compared to passive environments (i.e., visiting a website). These findings change our understanding of consumers’ engagement and flow state. We also found that male and female gamers experience different engagement level. However, we did not find a significant result that masculinity and femininity traits impact gamers’ engagement or intention. We argue that macroeconomic factors results in sales fluctuation may have resulted in reject in this hypothesis. Thus, marketers shed a light into the consumer’s interactive environment and flow states in that environments. Consumers not only determine the value in using a product as Vargo and Lusch suggested, but they also create that value. Also, consumer experience is an ongoing process that does not have a specific point to start, making the value creation a temporally accumulative process that includes past, present, and future experience. Therefore, the value created by consumers is not created while physically interacting with a device to play, but it may include imagined and indirect interaction with the product. Therefore, consumers (i.e., gamers) need to maintain a balance between presence and psychological absorption (i.e., flow) to get the best experience in play video gaming. Empirical evidence suggest that consumers’ flow state engagement is the most important variable in determining their ensuing purchase intention for video games, regardless of game genre.
11
Meneses, Roberta Caldas Domingues de. "Entre os muros da escola: posicionamentos de estudantes sobre sexualidade e gênero." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2015. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1085.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
O presente estudo teve como objetivo problematizar os posicionamentos de adolescentes quanto às questões de sexualidade e gênero emergentes no contexto de uma escola da rede particular de ensino da cidade de João Pessoa. Foram analisados o contexto escolar e seus mecanismos de disciplinarização e regulação dos corpos adolescentes; os sentidos atribuídos ao corpo por esses adolescentes e suas relações com os regimes de verdade; os sentidos e significados que atribuem à sexualidade e a percepção das diferenças entre os gêneros e suas relações com as práticas sexuais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, usando o método etnográfico, que supõe a inserção do/da pesquisador/a no ambiente da investigação. Conforme a modalidade etnográfica, utilizou-se como instrumento a Observação Participante com registros no Diário de Campo, associado ao Grupo Focal, técnica que favorece o debate, trocas de experiências, e possibilita intervenções entre os/as participantes; e um Questionário Sociodemográfico. Tomou-se como participantes que compuseram a rede enunciativa da investigação, todos aqueles que foram alvo das observações, uma vez que produziram dados; nessa perspectiva, a própria pesquisadora foi incluída como produtora de dados, além dos alunos que compuseram os grupos focais, professores e demais funcionários da instituição, que foram observados. A técnica do Grupo Focal foi aplicada em dois grupos de alunos/as. O primeiro, composto por sete alunos/as, sendo um do sexo masculino e seis do sexo feminino, com idade entre quatorze e quinze anos. O segundo grupo foi composto por nove alunas, com idade entre quinze e dezesseis anos. A apreciação dos dados produzidos se deu a partir de uma análise do discurso numa perspectiva foucaultiana. Os resultados mostraram que os mecanismos de disciplinarização utilizados no contexto escolar, baseados prioritariamente na vigilância constante e no controle sobre as condutas dos alunos/as, atuam de modo a classificá-los/as e normatizá-los/as. Os discursos apontaram para uma necessidade de conformação corporal aos padrões de beleza vigentes sob a égide de um corpo saudável. A sexualidade foi associada aos discursos sobre a iniciação sexual, prevenção e gravidez na adolescência. Observou-se, também, que a apreensão das diferenças entre os sexos é marcada por um assujeitamento do feminino como algo já dado, isto é, naturalizado. Concluímos que os discursos dos/das adolescentes expressaram o predomínio de um posicionamento moralmente aceito, porém permeado de contradições e rupturas.
12
Rabelo, José Orlando Carneiro Campello. "Teias e tramas: performances, melancolia e violências em relacionamentos conjugais entre lésbicas." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2015. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1177.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
O presente estudo objetiva problematizar situações de violência em relacionamentos conjugais entre lésbicas numa perspectiva de gênero. O mito da mulher dócil e submissa em muito contribui para o aumento da vulnerabilidade e invisibilidade destes casais. Assim, resolvemos escutar os discursos de mulheres lésbicas envolvidas em relações de violência conjugal com suas companheiras, a partir dos seguintes passos orientadores: analisamos possíveis inter-relações entre as concepções das participantes acerca dos gêneros e suas performances em situações de violência e problematizando possíveis relações entre regulações da categoria gênero e suas vivências. Foi utilizada a entrevista em profundidade tendo como estímulo um álbum contendo imagens, livres e resgatadas da internet, que representam cenas de um relacionamento íntimo entre duas mulheres. A produção de dados foi realizada na Colônia Penal Feminina do Recife. Nossas quatro participantes afirmaram ser lésbicas, possuírem antes da detenção uma relação estável com outra mulher e terem se envolvido em situações de violência conjugal com suas companheiras, que geraram denúncias (violência física). Em suas falas o argumento binário das diferenças entre comportamentos atribuídos a homens e mulheres serve como base para uma série de explicações causais; no entre espaço estão seus desejos, vivências e fantasias. A posição lésbica é para elas uma composição de diferentes elementos daquilo que se associa a homens e mulheres, um híbrido, que demanda uma cartografia específica para sua compreensão. As expressões de dominação incorporadas por estas mulheres em suas relações, sejam estas manifestações públicas ou intimas, aparecem como uma reinterpretação de antigos personagens de uma mesma história. Compreender os jogos de poder e posicionamentos experienciados nos parece fundamental para ampliar o debate sobre como estas estratégias e mecanismos podem operar em qualquer relação. Nesta perspectiva a leitura das identidades forjadas pelas posições de gênero, enquanto dispositivo de poder, se apresenta com grande potencial analítico de um sem número de situações de violência e nos afasta de uma perspectiva essencialista sobre a subjetividade e o sexo e efeitos de dominação em diferentes níveis relacionais, sejam micro ou macrossociais.This study aims to discuss situations of violence in conjugal relationships among lesbians from a gender perspective. The myth of docile and submissive woman contribute very much to the increasing of vulnerability and invisibility of these couples. Thus, we decided to listen to lesbian woman involved in situations of conjugal violence with their partners oriented by the following steps: we analyzed possible interrelations between the participants conceptions on gender and their performances in situations of violence and questioning possible interrelations between regulations of the category of gender and their experiences. This was used the depth interview, using was stimulus an album of images freely picked from internet, witch represent scenes of intimate relationship between two women. The production of data was conducts at the female prison Recife. The four participants affirmed themselves as lesbian, having stable relationship with women prior to the detention and being involved in situations of conjugal violence with their partners that led to denunciation (physical violence). In their speeches the binary argument of the differences attributed to men and woman serves as the base for plenty of causal explanations. In the inter space, there are their desires, experiences and fantasies. The lesbian position is, for them, a composition off different elements of what is associated to men and women, a hybrid, that demands a specific cartography for its understanding. The expressions of domination incorporated by these women in their relations, whet her in public or intimate manifestations seem to be a reinterpretations of old characters of the same story. His crucial to understanding the games of power and positions experienced in order to winder the debate on how these strategies and mechanisms can operate in any relation. In this sense, the identities created by gender positions as power devices, seems to have a great analytical potential regarding many situations of violence and keep us for from an essentialist perspective on subjectivity. The sex and the effects of domination in different relational levels, are micro or macro-socials.
13
Popple, Helen. "A mixed methods investigation of perceptions of adulthood and gender : links to stereotyped and risky behaviours amongst young people in Kirkcaldy, Fife." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4496.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Adolescence is a formative period of identity development. From the start of high school young people begin to direct their own development through peer selection and behavioural choices. During this time young people have the opportunity to engage in risky behaviours such as drinking alcohol, smoking, having unprotected sex and taking illegal drugs, for the first time. These behaviours amongst young people have been linked to a range of adverse health and wellbeing outcomes, both short and long term. This study seeks to improve understanding of eleven to fifteen year olds' behavioural choices through investigation of potential links to perceptions of adulthood and gender. In order to capture this more fully a mixed methods approach is used with a quantitative cross-sectional pupil survey and in-depth intergenerational family qualitative interviews. By exploring a broad range of age and gender stereotyped, and risky behaviours, this study seeks to provide better understanding of participants' perceptions, motivations and involvement in these behaviours. Results of the study demonstrate both gendered and age differentiated patterns of perceptions. Between eleven and fifteen years old, boys demonstrate more pronounced values attributed to masculine roles. Conversely, stereotyped feminine roles appear to decrease in appeal to girls. Fourth year girls perceive risky behaviours as considerably more relevant to them, than their male peers. Interviewed mothers were unsure of how best to manage their daughter's behaviours considering their own lack of experience and the apparently high value attributed to non-confrontational, friendship based, mothering. Current methods of teaching and intervening generally address mixed gender age-group classes. This research suggests in order to modify risk-taking behaviours a gender specific approach may be more effective.
14
Yu, Lu, and 于璐. "Gender-related behavior, gender identity, and psychological adjustmentin Chinese children." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43085659.
Повний текст джерела
15
Joffe, Arlene Ora. "Psychological gender : the relationship between sex-role and gender identity." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14275.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bibliography: leaves 100-113.The study is based on psychoanalytic theory of the development of gender identity. The basic premise is that there are at least two levels of gender-related identity, viz. gender identity and sex-role. Thirty-three male and thirty-nine female university students participated in the study. They were asked to complete questionnaires designed to measure gender identity, sex-role and sexual orientation. Gender identity was measured by means of fantasy patterns which emerge in story-telling. The Bern Sex-Role Inventory was used to measure sex-role. Subjects' sexual orientations were described with the aid of the Kinsey Seven-Point Rating Scale. Results indicate a number of unanticipated complexities which need further investigation. The type of picture used in the measurement of gender identity seems to determine whether or not a subject's true gender identity will emerge or whether it will be distorted. There is a relationship between sex-role and gender identity, but it is indirect. The gender identities of persons whose sex-roles are feminine, masculine or undifferentiated tend to conform to biological sex. Persons whose sex-roles are androgynous, however, tend towards feminine gender identity whatever their biological sex. Further research is recommended to confirm or refute these results.
16
Yu, Lu. "Gender-related behavior, gender identity, and psychological adjustment in Chinese children." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43085659.
Повний текст джерела
17
McDonald, Anne. "Primary school boys' narratives about masculinity." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80281.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (MEdPsych)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.Bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The issue of masculinity is complex, and many theories on how gender is constructed exist. The central premise of this study is that gender construction is the result of dynamic social interaction and, as such, a post-structuralist paradigm is ascribed to. The concept of multiple masculinities exists to explain the influences different contexts have on how masculine ideas are constructed. This is not a passive process and individuals are considered active creators of their own identity. However, research demonstrates that not all masculinities are equal. Hegemonic masculinity maintains its leading dominant position status through using strategies of power and dominance to maintain the pinnacle position of status in the hierarchy of masculinities. The purpose of this study is to listen to the narratives of pre-adolescent boys about masculinity. Post-structuralist and social constructivist ideas that meaning is fluid and open to change, is influenced by culture and the individual meanings that people make. This understanding provides the theoretical framework for this qualitative study. Through a narrative-inquiry design, meaning was made of the individual experiences of six boys within the context of a single-sex preparatory school. The narratives of these participants, purposively selected, were obtained using the data-collecting methods of interviews, a focus group and the construction of a collage. The analysed data was presented both in the form of the narratives of the participants and through a thematic analysis. The findings indicate that within this private, single-sex preparatory school context, multiple constructions of masculinity are formed, and they all appear to be constructed in relation to hegemonic notions of masculinity. It was found that fathers play an important role in the way in which boys construct their masculine identity. However, their peers and the school context also play a significant role. Further, the findings revealed that although hegemonic notions of masculinity in this context had a powerful impact on these participants’ construction of masculinity, there are indications some are challenging overt expressions of hegemonic masculinity and, as such, hold more complex, transitional constructs of masculine identity.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die kwessie rondom manlikheid is kompleks en daar bestaan baie teorieë oor hoe geslag gebou word. Die sentrale uitgangspunt van hierdie studie is dat die konstruksie van geslag ‘n resultaat van dinamiese sosiale interaksie is en dus aan 'n post-strukturalistiese paradigma toegeskryf word. As sodanig bestaan die konsep van verskeie vorme van manlikheid om te verduidelik hoe verskillende kontekste manlike idees beïnvloed. Dit is nie 'n passiewe proses nie. Individue word as aktiewe skeppers van hulle eie identiteit beskou. Navorsing toon egter dat nie alle vorme van manlikheid gelyk is nie. Hegemoniese manlikheid hou 'n dominante posisie in stand deur die gebruik van strategieë van mag en oorheersing; die hoogsteposisie van status in die hiërargie van manlikheid word dus gestaaf. Die doel van hierdie studie is om na die narratiewe van pre-adolessente seuns oor manlikheid te luister. Post-strukturalistiese en sosiale konstruktivistiese idees wat aandui dat bedoelings vloeibaar en veranderbaar is, afhangende van kultuur en die betekenis wat deur 'n individu daaraan geheg word, voorsien dus 'n teoretiese raamwerk vir hierdie kwalitatiewe studie. Deur die gebruik van ‘n narratiewe ondersoek-ontwerp, is die betekenis van die individuele ervaringe van ses seuns in die konteks van 'n enkel-geslag voorbereidende skool geevalueer. Die verhale van hierdie deelnemers, wat doelgerig geselekteer is, is verkry deur gebruik te maak van onderhoude, 'n fokus groep en die konstruksie van 'n collage as data insamelingsmetodes. Die geanaliseerde data is beide in die vorm van verhale van die deelnemers sowel as 'n tematiese analise aangebied. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat binne hierdie private, enkel-geslag voorbereidende skoolkonteks, verskeie konstruksies van manlikheid gevorm word en het telkens beblyk in verhouding tot hegemoniese idees oor manlikheid gebou te word. Daar is bevind dat vaders 'n belangrike rol speel in die wyse waarop seuns hul manlike identiteit konstrueer. Eweknieë en die skoolkonteks speel egter ook 'n belangrike rol in die konstruksie van geslag. Die bevindinge het verder aan die lig gebring dat, alhoewel hegemoniese idees oor manlikheid in hierdie konteks 'n kragtige uitwerking op hierdie deelnemers se konstruksie van manlikheid het, daar aanduidings is dat sommige van die deelnemers openlike uitdrukkings van hegemoniese manlikheid uitdaag en sodoende meer komplekse oorgang-konstrukte van manlike identiteit het.
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Lauffer, Patricia Louise 1961. "THE EFFECT OF GENDER, GENDER ROLE, AND WEIGHT TRAINING ON SELF-CONCEPT AND BODY CATHEXIS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276469.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the self-concepts and body cathexis of both males and females engaged in an eleven week weight training course and to examine if differences in gender role would influence the relationship of strength to self-concept and body cathexis. Each group (weight trainers versus controls) was administered the Tennessee Self Concept Scale, Bem Sex-Role Inventory, Eysenck Personality Inventory, and the Body Cathexis Scale. Strength measures were obtained. Group by gender ANOVA and ANCOVA examined differences between and among the groups and genders. Gender role by gender ANOVA and ANCOVA examined differences between and among the androgynous and masculine typed males and females. Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the relationship of strength to body cathexis and self-concept. Results indicated pre- and post differences between and among the groups and genders and the genders and the gender roles.
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King, Michael 1977. "Justice and identity : psychological motives for terrorism." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112400.
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Terrorism poses a significant challenge for psychology. Motivation to engage in such violent and anti-nonnative behavior has yet to be understood. The two studies described in the present thesis examined what psychological motivations might account for peoples' involvement in terrorism. Study 1 explored the collective narratives of participants with ties to the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. Participants' narratives conveyed the explicit theme of justice and the implicit theme of identity as motives for extreme violence. Based on these findings, study 2 investigated if social identity and justice motives would exceed a control condition in inciting participation in terrorism. In a laboratory setting, participants were recruited to partake in a fictitious terrorism plot. Recruitment that emphasized social identity motives was relatively more compelling for participants than justice motives. Results for both studies warrant further research into the psychological role that justice and identity might play in the use terrorism.
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Gibson, Alexandra Farren. "Beyond coming out: lesbians' stories of sexual identity in the context of a historically white university." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002490.
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Substantial contributions have been made by lesbian and gay developmental theorists in understanding the development of lesbian and gay sexual identities, or what has come to be known as the coming out process. “Coming out of the closet” has become a central metaphor, in western contexts, for the recognisable process gay men and lesbians undergo in order to claim a relatively stable and enduring sexual identity, while overcoming obstacles such as heterosexism. Lesbians’ sexual identities are examined in this thesis through a Foucauldian lens which is fused with a narrative-discursive perspective. The aim of this study is not to trace a progressive development of identity, but rather to consider how lesbians in this study are located within a specific context, namely, a historically white university in post-apartheid South Africa, and how their identities are dynamic products of ever-shifting socio-historical spaces. Eight lesbians’ stories are analysed using the narrative-discursive method, which allows for a consideration for how the construction and negotiation of identities is shaped and constrained by social and discursive conditions. The women in this study do utilise the concept of coming out to some extent in their stories, but this narrative does not entirely account for their experiences. Instead, these women’s accounts reflect the way in which they personally experience heterosexism, and how they constantly negotiate their sexual identities within certain social and geographical spaces. When the nuances of lesbians’ contexts are taken into account, it becomes clear that claiming a lesbian identity is more than just about “coming out”, and rather about an on-going process of identity management.
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Kwan, Lai-shan Clare, and 關麗珊. "Fashioning gender." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29781164.
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Strande, Kris Jane. "Dissociative identity disorder: Integration versus non-integration." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1699.
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For the mental health professional, the client with Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) can be exciting, exhausting and frustrating. Formal education offers little help in treatment and diagnosis of this disorder. This paper will explore the most utilized treatment goals available to the professional and the client. Although most "experts" in the field of Dissociative Disorders subscribe to the treatment goal of integration, this study challenges that idea. As the results of the study indicate, integration was not the most utilized goal of treatment among the participants of this study.
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Sherman, Misty. "Exercise preference and social identity." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/748.
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Li, Ran. "Culture, gender and identity in American and Chinese television drama." Thesis, University of Macau, 2017. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3690706.
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Ng, Tsz-yin Carina, and 伍紫燕. "Illness, ideology, and identity: the "pregnancy" of cancer." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38671074.
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Bourdonnec, Françoise. "Identity, Nostalgia and Leisure: Technology Use in Second Homes." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/143.
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This thesis, based on two years of ethnographic fieldwork in the US, Russia, France and Australia, focuses on technology use in second homes and its implications for technology design. I highlight the unexpectedly strong sense of nostalgia, for place as well as for richer relationships, felt in second homes around the world, and the ways in which second home residents use technology to shape space and behavior to reinforce this link to an imagined past. I show that the transition between main and second homes, with its rituals of preparation and transition between physical locations, allows residents to assume different identities in the two locations. These identities are based on location rather than role, and their second home identities allow them to showcase a part of themselves which does not flourish in the city. Lastly, I articulate the ways in which technology's logic is shaped by work environments, and how this logic does not always mesh well with the "messiness" of home lives. I further show that the choices of technology placement and acceptance in the home are a function of both how a technology is perceived (as aligned with work or leisure, for example) and of the behaviors residents value in the home, and an anthropologically informed understanding of these behaviors can, and should, influence product design choices.
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Perry-Parrish, Carisa. "Gender-Atypical Emotion Regulation in Children: Relations to Social and Psychological Functioning." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/Perry-ParrishC2007.pdf.
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Navarrete-Vivero, Veronica. "Ethnically Mixed Individuals: Cultural Homelessness or Multicultural Integration?" Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2179/.
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Studies addressing racial/ethnic identity development have often overlooked the developmental cultural context. The impact of growing up with contradictory cultures has not been well explored. Immersion in multiple cultures may produce mixed patterns of strengths deficits. This study reviews the literature's currently inconsistent usage of the terms race, ethnicity, and culture; introduces the concept and theoretical framework of Cultural Homelessness; relates CH to multicultural integration; and develops two study-specific measures (included) to examine the construct validity of CH. The samples (N = 448, 67% women) racial, ethnic, and cultural mixture was coded back three generations using complex coding criteria. Empirical findings supported the CH-specific pattern of cognitive and social strengths with emotional difficulties: social adaptability and cross-cultural competence but also low self-esteem and shame regarding diff
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Olney, Cynthia Ann. "THE EFFECT OF COMMUNICATOR GENDER, NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION STYLE, AND RESPONDENT GENDER ON MANAGERS' TASK AND SOCIAL ATTRACTIVENESS (WORKING WOMEN)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275426.
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Leung, Ka-kie, and 梁嘉琪. "Dress and gender power." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31953621.
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Totton, Rebecca. "Examining Anti-Transgender Prejudice: Identity-Confusion and Deception as Aspects ofDistrust." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1597060574652936.
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Liu, Peng. "Reestablishing identity of individual homes in high-rise residential towers." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1217401.
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High-rise residential tower is an inevitable and prevalent building type in high-density areas such as China. Because of the large population such buildings accommodate, improving the quality of people's lives in these towers has significant meaning. One of the important problems in such environments is the loss of identity of individual homes. This occurs because living spaces cannot fit individual families' unique and changing physical and spiritual needs. People can identify their lives and express their individual values in their homes in only the most meager ways. Consequently, people and their communities suffer deeply for the loss of identity of individual homes.The first focus of this thesis is to bring the question of individual control into light with the issue of identity of individual homes. Identity of any built environment results from the interplay of both shared values and individual values. In an identifiable and accommodating environment, both value sets should be in balance, over time. In high-rise residential towers, individual values are hardly presented because of the lack of individual control. So the radical way to establish identity of individual homes is to enable individual control in the building process.The second focus of this thesis is a study in architectural design of the distribution of control in such high-rise environments. Two kinds of individual controls are assumed and distributed: the control of the dwelling layouts and the control of dwelling unit facades. To enable these tow configurations of parts to be subject to individual control, propositions for setting up a new balance between centrally controlled parts and individually controlled parts in high-rise residential towers are put forward.To demonstrate these propositions, a specific high-rise residential tower in Beijing is redesigned to the solution of technical problems, regulatory issues and conventions when control is distributed. Individual control of both the dwelling layouts and the facades are simulated in a methodical way.Finally, notes about supportive products and management techniques, broader developments in other types of high-rise buildings, and the cultivation of shared values out of individual values are offered.Department of Architecture
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Greene, Amy L. "Face-to-face Versus Online Gender Roles: the Effect of Psychological Identity on the Characteristics and Circumstances of Online Disinhibition." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc283788/.
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Human behaviors and social norms are transferred to the Internet in complex and divergent ways. The term online disinhibition has been coined to describe situations when Internet users seem to behave more openly and unrestrained online, often acting in ways they would not dare to act in the face-to-face world. According to Suler, there is a need for future research to "focus on which people, under what circumstances, are more predisposed to the various elements of online disinhibition." With this in mind, this descriptive study sought to determine whether or not people are more true to their authentic psychological identities (i.e., genders) during online interaction or create completely new identities because of the more permissive social norms created by cyberspace. Through video recorded face-to-face discussions, reflective online discussions, open-ended online surveys, and semi-structured interviews, qualitative data was collected for analysis. The results and findings demonstrated that some personality traits are magnified during online interaction, but individuals ultimately stay true to their established gender roles.
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Midence, Kenny. "Attributional style and psychological adjustment in male - to - female transexuals : is there a relationship?" Thesis, Bangor University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263177.
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Motsau, Arnold. "Towards ‘queering’ gender within theology and development discourse." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97112.
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Thesis (MTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis reports on a study undertaken within Theology and Development with a focus on health and gender. Health, in this thesis, was not merely understood from a biomedical perspective, but defined in terms of the holistic wellbeing of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Intersex, Queer (LGBTIQ) persons with varying sexual orientations and gender identities. In the light of contextual phenomena such as the ‘corrective’ rape of gays and lesbians, the notion that homosexuality is considered to be ‘un-African’, and the churches’ response to homosexuality within South Africa, this study will attempt to utilise queer theory and queer theology ‘queery’ Gender and Development (GAD) scholars within Theology and Development. The current understanding of the GAD approach within Theology and Development discourse was argued to make use of the heterogendered binary and, as a result, is not inclusive of LGBTIQ identities as a discursive theme. Gender, in this thesis, is considered a socio-historical construct and it is argued that it expands across many cultures. This understanding of gender opens up a discussion on subjectivity and looks at how the subject is utilized within discursive practice. The thesis concurs with Feminist scholars who argue that language does not only communicate the link between one’s sex and one’s gender identity; but that it also constitutes that link. Michel Foucault’s framework of power and how it is used to regulate discourses together with Judith Butler’s work on performativity provide a valuable point of departure for queer theory and queer theology as the hermeneutical lenses utilised in this thesis. A brief literature survey is conducted concerning gendered subjectivities within development discourses within the social sciences. The historical movements of Women in Development (WID), Women and Development (WAD) and Gender and Development (GAD) were explored within development discourse with the purpose of highlighting some of the reasons for the historical inclusion of certain subjects and the exclusion of others within the discursive practice in particular. The most recent movement, GAD, is shown to have been critiqued for mainly utilizing ‘gender’ as a code word for ‘women’. There is a discursive shift within development discourses within the social sciences that has gone on to queery development discourses and advocate for the inclusion of sexual minorities as a discursive theme. Through agencies such as SIDA (Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency), sexuality was highlighted to also have links within a multi perspectival understanding of poverty. Finally, a thematic networks analysis coupled with the lenses of queer theory and queer theology, were conducted on seven articles that could possibly be related to the emerging field of Theology and Development. The thesis argues that the current use of heterogendered binary as an “informant” of theologising on gender is indicative of the fact that some of the Theology and development articles that are analysed here have not yet made a discursive shift to include LGBTIQ persons as a discursive theme. Indecent theology is recommended for future research as a queer theological tool to incorporate epistemological considerations of those on the sexual margins and thereby confronting heterosexist theologising within Theology and Development.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis is 'n studie binne die vakgebied Teologie en Ontwikkeling met 'n fokus op gesondheid en gender. Gesondheid in hierdie tesis is nie slegs van 'n biomediese perspektief verstaan nie, maar word in hierdie geval gedefinieer in terme van die holistiese welstand van LGBTIQ persone met wisselende seksuele oriëntasies en gender identiteit. In die lig van kontekstuele verskynsels soos die "regstellende" verkragting van homoseksuele mans en vrouens, die idee dat homoseksualiteit beskou word as iets wat 'nie eie aan Afrika' is nie en die kerke se reaksie op homoseksualiteit in Suid-Afrika ,sal hierdie studie poog om queer teorie te benut en deur queer teologie Gender en Ontwikkeling (GAD) diskoers in Teologie en Ontwikkeling te 'queer'. Daar word aangevoer dat die huidige begrip van GAD binne die Teologie en Ontwikkeling diskoers gebruik maak van die heterogeslagtelike tweeledigheid en as 'n resultaat is dit nie inklusief van LGBTIQ identiteite as 'n diskursiewe tema nie. Gender word in hierdie tesis beskou as 'n sosio-historiese konstruk en daar word aangevoer dat dit oor baie kulture strek. Hierdie begrip van gender maak 'n bespreking oop oor subjektiwiteit en kyk na hoe die onderwerp binne diskursiewe praktyk gebruik word. Die tesis stem saam met feministiese vakkundiges, wat argumenteer dat taal nie net die skakel tussen 'n mens se geslag en 'n mens se gender identiteit kommunikeer nie; maar dat dit ook die skakel vorm. Michel Foucault se raamwerk van mag en hoe dit gebruik word om diskoerse te reguleer, saam met Judith Butler se werk op uitvoerbaarheid bied 'n waardevolle vertrekpunt vir queer teorie en queer teologie as die hermeneutiese lense wat gebruik word in hierdie tesis. 'n Kort literatuur opname word onderneem aangaande geslagtelike subjektiwiteite binne die ontwikkelingsdiskoerse binne die sosiale wetenskappe. Die historiese bewegings van Women in Development (WIN), Women and Development (WAD) en Gender and Development (GAD) is ondersoek binne die ontwikkelingsdiskoers met die doel om van die redes vir die insluiting van sekere identiteite en die uitsluiting van ander binne die diskursiewe praktyk in besonder uit te lig. Daar is aangedui hoe die mees onlangse beweging, GAD, gekritiseer is vir hoofsaaklike gebruikmaak van 'gender' as 'n kodewoord vir 'vroue'. Daar is 'n diskursiewe verskuiwing binne die ontwikkelingsdiskoerse binne die sosiale wetenskappe wat voortgegaan het om ontwikkeling diskoerse te queer en op te tree as kampvegter vir die insluiting van seksuele minderhede as 'n diskursiewe tema. Deur agentskappe soos SIDA (Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency), is seksualiteit ook uitgelig as een van die skakels binne 'n multiperspektivale begrip van armoede. Ten slotte is 'n tematiese netwerk analise, tesame met die lense van queer teorie en queer teologie, uitgevoer op sewe artikels wat moontlik verband kan hou met/binne binne die ontluikende veld van Teologie en Ontwikkeling. Hierdie tesis argumenteer dat die huidige gebruik van die heterogeslagtelike tweeledigheid as 'n "informant" van teologisering oorgender, daarop dui dat die Teologie en die ontwikkelingsdiskoerse nog nie 'n diskursiewe verskuiwing gemaak het om LGBTIQ persone as 'n diskursiewe tema in te sluit nie. Onbehoorlike teologie word aanbeveel vir toekomstige navorsing as 'n queer teologiese instrument om epistemologiese oorwegings van diegene op die seksuele kantlyne te inkorporeer en sodoende, heteroseksuele teologisering binne die Teologie en Ontwikkeling te konfronteer.
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Wildman, Jonathan C. Jr. "The Athlete Leader Role: Interaction of Gender, Sport Type, and Coaching Style." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5486/.
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Effective leadership is a concept shown to be important for successful team performance in the fields of business, education, and sport. In sport, the role of the athlete leader has been under-examined and specifically, how coaching behaviors can affect athlete leader behaviors and how various leadership models (e.g., trait, behavioral, situational) relate to the athlete leader role has never been studied. The present study examined how autocratic, democratic, and collaborative coaching styles affect the athlete leader behavior preferences of athletes of different genders and sport types. Three coach scenarios reflecting the three aforementioned coaching styles were created so that athletes could imagine that they were coached by the individual presented in the scenario and then rate what type of athlete leader behaviors that they would prefer given the style of the coach that they read about. Results showed that the coach scenarios failed to have a significant impact; however, significant differences were discovered between men and women and between individual and team sport athletes on variables measuring preferred performance/task, relationship, motivation, and representation behaviors. Data were gathered on the style of athletes' current coach and this variable also produced significant differences for such behaviors as resolving conflict, providing positive reinforcement, and acting respectfully towards others. In addition, exploratory analyses showed that athletes who hold different leadership positions prefer different athlete leader behaviors. The current study seemed to offer concrete evidence on how coaching style can affect athlete leader preferences and how the athlete leader role can be explained by trait, behavioral, and situational leadership theories; however, future studies will have to further explore the impact that a coach's style can have on the behavior of athlete leaders as well as analyzing the relationship between athlete leaders and teammates utilizing the transformational leadership approach.
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Martin-Christian, Sue Ellen. "Sexual adjustment following surgical treatment for gynecological cancer." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/463.
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Sonnenberg, Stefanie. "Money and 'self' : towards a social psychology of money and its usage." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14192.
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This thesis contends that the subjective meanings and value attached to money may, in part, be a function of identity-related norms and values. This proposed relationship between identity issues and monetary attitudes/behaviour is explored across a series of methodologically diverse studies. It is argued that psychological approaches to money, despite their efforts to the contrary, frequently concur with traditional economic models of human behaviour in so far as they rest on similarly static, de-contextualised notions of the self. The research described here aims to substitute these implicit assumptions about the nature of selfhood with a social psychological account of the 'self and thus with an explicit focus on subjective identification processes, ha doing so, the present approach draws on the Social Identity tradition. First, findings from an exploratory interview study illustrate a) that identity concerns are central for people's understandings of money, b) that the relationship between money and selfhood is dilemmatic, and c) that money meanings and usage relate to identity across different levels of abstractions (i.e. personal, social, human). Second, a series of experimental studies (based on predictions derived from the Social Identity model of the self) shows that attitudes towards money can vary as a function of both social identity salience and the comparative context in which a given identity is salient. The association between social identification, specific identity contents and monetary attitudes is also addressed. Finally, an exploration of the relationship between identity concerns and decision-making processes within a Prisoner's Dilemma-type setting indicates that identity and the social knowledge derived from it play a crucial role, not only with regard to how people attempt to meet their goals in this context but also in terms of how these goals are defined. The broader implication of these findings with regard to 'rational choice' models of human agency are discussed.
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Le, Roux Janell. "A cut and paste identity : an investigation of reality TV's role in postmodern identity construction with special reference to ordinary people as celebrities." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1462.
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This study aimed to examine the construction of the identity of the participants within the reality TV programmes (Style Her Famous, My Celebrity Home and How Do I Look) as well as examined the representation of that identity as reflected in the change in participants from the beginning to the end of the program. Drawing on literature from fields such as postmodernism and its influence on culture, identity constructions and ordinary people as celebrities, an analysis of the three American reality TV shows Style Her Famous, My Celebrity Home and How Do I Look was conducted. An indepth content analysis with specific reference to comparative analysis further aided this study. A total of 18 episodes (six episodes for each programme) were collected and thoroughly analyzed where the ‘cut and paste identity’ of ordinary people as ‘celebrities’ constituted the hermeneutical key of the study. The episodes and programs have been scrutinized and have been systematically classified to enable an analysis of the observations. This study attempted to not only describe, but also to foster change in the representation of the identity of the participants of the above mentioned reality TV programmes. The study found that reality television plays a role in shaping the postmodern identity of ordinary people as celebrities. The study also found that the participants involved in the above mentioned programmes found it easy to make someone else’s identity their own. It appeared that the postmodern mind is easily influenced and willing to adopt an identity especially that of a celebrity. The participants involved in these programs claimed this identity as their own and then believed that the new identity was in fact who they ‘really are’ but in actual fact it is a beginning of a new sameness with somebody else. Hence the participants possessed a ‘cut and paste identity.’
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Magaz, Nazare. "Gender and homosexual sterotypes: A cross-cultural study." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/516.
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Soto-Marquez, Victor. "Whites' physiological and psychological reactions toward affirmative action programs." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3313.
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Discrimination has many effects on the individual/group being discriminated against regardless of the reasons for the discrimination. Further exploration on discrimination processes and their relationships to physiological and psychological outcomes, both of which, over time may become problematic and affect the health and well-being of individuals.
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Solomon, Andrew Wallace. "Transition to motherhood : the acquisition of maternal identity and its role in a mother's attachment." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648404.
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Chang, Yun-Ke. "Children's Color Association for Digital Image Retrieval." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4342/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the field of information sciences, attention has been focused on developing mature information retrieval systems that abstract information automatically from the contents of information resources, such as books, images and films. As a subset of information retrieval research, content-based image retrieval systems automatically abstract elementary information from images in terms of colors, shapes, and texture. Color is the most commonly used in similarity measurement for content-based image retrieval systems. Human-computer interface design and image retrieval methods benefit from studies based on the understanding of their potential users. Today's children are exposed to digital technology at a very young age, and they will be the major technology users in five to ten years. This study focuses on children's color perception and color association with a controlled set of digital images. The method of survey research was used to gather data for this exploratory study about children's color association from a children's population, third to sixth graders. An online questionnaire with fifteen images was used to collect quantitative data of children's color selections. Face-to-face interviews investigated the rationale and factors affecting the color choices and children's interpretation of the images. The findings in this study indicate that the color children associated with in the images was the one that took the most space or the biggest part of an image. Another powerful factor in color selection was the vividness or saturation of the color. Colors that stood out the most generally attracted the greatest attention. Preferences of color, character, or subject matter in an image also strongly affected children's color association with images. One of the most unexpected findings was that children would choose a color to replace a color in an image. In general, children saw more things than what were actually represented in the images. However, the children's interpretation of the images had little effect on their color selections.
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Liu, Yan Yu Tracy. "Talking about offensive advertising in focus group contexts : a discursive approach to attitudes, gender, and communication." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2012. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1420.
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Goldsmith, Janet Day. "The Effect of Psychological Gender and Self-monitoring on Leader Emergence and Leader Behavior." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4974.
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Three aspects of renal function were measured in the toad, Bufo marinus (N=lO): (1) effect of rate of blood volume expansion on renal functions (UFR; GFR; urine and plasma ion concentrations; and ion excretion rates), (2) effect of hypo- and hyperosmotic blood volume expansions on renal functions, and (3) role of GFR and tubular processes in the differential response of UFR under different osmotic expansion stresses. Renal responses to differential rates of blood volume expansion have not been investigated in amphibians. Rate responses will be analyzed considering effects: ( 1) during infusion (neural, or, short term regulation of extracellular fluid volume) and (2) post infusion (hormonal, or, long term regulation of extracellular fluid volume). Volume expansions were administered with hypoosmotic (0.4%) saline and hyperosmotic (1.4%) saline, and ranged in rate from 4.0 to 20.6 ml/kg/min. This protocol is designed to present volume regulatory mechanisms with increased volume stimuli and different osmotic stimuli. Overall, infusion rate had no significant effects on renal responses measured: urine flow rate (UFR); glomerular filtration rate (GFR); urine and plasma ion concentrations; natriuresis; or kaliuresis. This was true for the infusion period and for the observed post infusion period (90 min). Rate was correlated with GFR in the hypoosmotic group (r=0.30, p=0.04) and natriuresis in the hyperosmotic group (r=0.34, p=0.03). A significant positive correlation was observed between UFR and GFR. Relative to treatment, UFR differed significantly; GFR response was inherently similar despite differences at individual intervals, indicating UFR differences between the treatments is due to tubular processes. Responses to hypoosmotic infusion included a significant diuresis, natriuresis, and a decreased urine sodium concentration, relative to hyperosmotic infusion. At low UFRs the hyperosmotic group produced urine relatively concentrated in sodium. Urine sodium concentration and UFR were positively correlated in the hypoosmotic infusion group -- at high UFRs, kidneys were unable to produce a dilute urine.
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Desroachers, Stephen. "Effect of gender role, valence, income, and occupational status of males." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/530.
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Mayfield, Wayne A. "The relationships among narcissistic vulnerability, gay identity, masculinity ideology, and psychological adjustment in gay men /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9962546.
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Marten, Linda M. (Linda Mae). "Gender Specific Reactions to Incest." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331429/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The problem of incest is beginning to receive a recognition and research attention long overdue. Becoming more evident is the prevalence and far reaching effects of incest. Currently, little distinction is made between the treatment approach for males and females, yet research indicates differences between the two sexes. This study explores possible differences between male and female incest victims in (1) their moral ethic, (2) their self-definition, (3) the basis from which they felt compelled to comply with the incestuous abuse, (4) the reasons they believed the sexual abuse was right or wrong, (5) the reasons for telling someone or keeping the incest a secret, (6) how they decided whether or not they made the right choice, (7) the manner in which they have changed since the abuse began, (8) the content and degree of their own guilt and/or lowered esteem, and (9) the ideas they have of changes which could have prevented the abuse.
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Dancu, Toni Nicole. "Designing Exhibits For Gender Equity." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/339.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Gender equity has been a national and global aim for over half a century (Ceci & Williams, 2007; National Center for Education Statistics, 2003; National Science Board, 2008). While gains have been made, one area where inequity remains is spatial reasoning ability, where a large gender gap in favor of males has persisted over the years (Else-Quest, Linn, & Shibley Hyde, 2010; National Science Board, 2008; Ruble, Martin, & Berenbaum, 2006). This gender gap in spatial reasoning has had substantial societal impact on the career interests of females in areas of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM), contributing to the larger societal need to engage non-dominant groups in these fields to reduce outsourcing (Ceci & Williams, 2007; Jaschik, 2007; Wai, Lubinski, & Benbow, 2009; White, 1992). Both spatial reasoning ability and STEM career interest have been related to science museum visits (Hamilton, Nussbaum, Kupermintz, Kerkhoven, & Snow, 1995; Salmi, 2001, 2002). However, researchers have also found a gender gap in favor of males in regard to science museum attendance and experiences once at the museum (Borun, 1999; Crowley, 2000). There are many suggestions for increasing female engagement at science museums and creating equitable experiences, but few have been systematically studied (Kekelis, Heber, & Countryman, 2005; Koke, 2005; Maher, 2005; Taylor, 2005). This research investigated gender equitable exhibit development by enhancing a geometry exhibit with several female-friendly design features and analyzing video data to determine the effects on girls' engagement and social interactions with their caregivers. The findings suggest that incorporating several female-friendly design features leads to significantly higher engagement for girls (evidenced by greater attraction and time spent). This study also looked for any unanticipated negative effects for boys after incorporating the female-friendly design features. It is encouraging that this study was unable to detect any unintended negative effects for boys; however, such non-significant results are inconclusive and should not dissuade future research and design teams from continuing to check for unanticipated ill effects of female-friendly design features for boys. While the positive effects for girls were significant, it is important to note that they were not significantly more positive for girls than for boys; further research is needed to determine whether the female-friendly design features create a more equitable experience for girls, or a more positive experience for everyone. This study did not identify any significant differences in parent-child verbal social interactions between the two versions of the exhibit; however, the pattern of results suggests that gender discrepant parent explanations, as found by Crowley, 2001 in a children's museum, may be less of a concern for girls in science centers, providing an interesting area for future study. This research presents evidence to support incorporating female-friendly design features in future science exhibit development projects, and indicates areas where future studies are still needed to gain a deeper understanding of their effects.
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Mudau, Tshinanne. "Age, gender and religiosity as correlates of death anxiety in a rural African context." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/741.
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Thesis ( M.A. (Research psychology)) --University of Limpopo, 2012This study sought to investigate the relationship of death anxiety to age, gender and religiosity among Africans in a rural South African context. Two hundred participants completed a questionnaire based on demographic variables, death anxiety scales, and a measure of religiosity Results revealed that intrinsic religious motivation was inversely related to all types of death anxiety measured. Furthermore, age was correlated with death anxiety, such that the experience of death anxiety tended to decrease among older subjects. However, there were no gender effects on the experience of death anxiety.