Статті в журналах: "Reduced-complexity receiver"

1

Lin, Tsui-Tsai, and Tung-Chou Chen. "Complexity-Reduced Receiver for Universal Filtered Multicarrier Systems." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 8, no. 6 (December 2019): 1667–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2019.2935191.

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2

Badiu, Mihai-Alin, C. N. Manchon, and B. H. Fleury. "Message-Passing Receiver Architecture with Reduced-Complexity Channel Estimation." IEEE Communications Letters 17, no. 7 (July 2013): 1404–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2013.060513.130733.

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3

Park, S. Y., S. K. Choi, and C. G. Kang. "Complexity-reduced iterative MAP receiver for spatial multiplexing systems." IEE Proceedings - Communications 152, no. 4 (2005): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-com:20041140.

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4

Tsukamoto, Masaki, and Yasunori Iwanami. "Complexity Reduced MIMO Interleaved SC-FDMA Receiver with Iterative Detection." International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 07, no. 12 (2014): 508–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijcns.2014.712051.

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5

Ucuncu, Ali Bulut, Gokhan M. Guvensen, and Ali Ozgur Yilmaz. "A Reduced Complexity Ungerboeck Receiver for Quantized Wideband Massive SC-MIMO." IEEE Transactions on Communications 69, no. 7 (July 2021): 4921–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2021.3071537.

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6

YOSHIKAWA, Shogo, Satoshi DENNO, and Masahiro MORIKURA. "Complexity Reduced Lattice-Reduction-Aided MIMO Receiver with Virtual Channel Detection." IEICE Transactions on Communications E96.B, no. 1 (2013): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.e96.b.263.

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7

Zihua Guo and K. B. Letaief. "A low complexity reduced-rank MMSE receiver for DS/CDMA communications." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2, no. 1 (January 2003): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2002.806364.

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8

Abu-Shaban, Zohair, Hani Mehrpouyan, Bhavani Shankar M. R., and Björn Ottersten. "Reduced complexity satellite broadcast receiver with interference mitigation in correlated noise." International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking 36, no. 5 (May 17, 2018): 402–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sat.1243.

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9

ElHelaly, Alaa, Ahmed H. Mehana, and Mohammad M. Khairy. "Reduced-Complexity Receiver for Free-Space Optical Communication over Orbital Angular Momentum Partial-Pattern Modes." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8514705.

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This paper explores the effect of a partial-pattern receiver for transmitted orbital angular momentum (OAM) multimodes included in the Laguerre-Gaussian beam propagating under non-Kolomogorov weak-to-moderate turbulence on the achievable capacity and the error rates with introduced controlled parameters. We deduce the necessary conditions for reducing the receiver’s area to guarantee that the modes are decoupled when the area is reduced. Furthermore, we derive the conditions at which area reduction yields a performance gain over the complete-area reception. For that, some use cases are introduced and discussed and the basic building block for multibeam MIMO receivers with a reduced area is developed and analyzed.

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10

Xu, Feng, and Yang Gao. "A Complexity Reduced Frequency Domain Receiver for Galileo and GPS L1 Signals." Journal of Global Positioning Systems 8, no. 2 (December 2009): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5081/jgps.8.2.124.

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11

Lee, I., and C. E. W. Sundberg. "Reduced-Complexity Receiver Structures for Space–Time Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation Systems." IEEE Transactions on Communications 54, no. 7 (July 2006): 1349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2006.877937.

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12

Lee, Inkyu, and Carl-Erik W. Sundberg. "Reduced-Complexity Receiver Structures for Space–Time Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation Systems." IEEE Transactions on Communications 55, no. 1 (January 2007): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2006.887491.

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13

Yau Hee Kho and D. P. Taylor. "MIMO Receiver Using Reduced Complexity Sequence Estimation With Channel Estimation and Tracking." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 58, no. 2 (February 2009): 682–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2008.926589.

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14

Huang, Yao, and Ji Ping Li. "A Simplified Receiver Design for SOQPSK-TG." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 4076–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.4076.

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We develop a reduced-complexity approach to the detection of SOQPSK-TG, a highly bandwidth-efficient constant-envelope waveform. The optimal detector for SOQPSK-TG requires of a bank of 2784 matched filters and 512 states, which is impractical and highly complex. In this paper, a practical detector was developed based on Laurent decomposition and frequency pulse truncation (PT) technology, with the number of correlators reduced to only 2 and states reduced to 4 at the expanse of less than 0.2dB at BER of 10-4.

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15

Christen, Louis, Yannick K. Lize, Scott Nuccio, Loukas Paraschis, and Alan E. Willner. "Experimental Demonstration of Reduced Complexity 43-Gb/s RZ-DQPSK Rate-Tunable Receiver." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 20, no. 13 (July 2008): 1166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2008.924660.

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16

Tsakalaki, Elpiniki P., Osama N. Alrabadi, Constantinos B. Papadias, and Ramjee Prasad. "Reduced-Complexity Radio Architectures for Enhanced Receive Selection Combining in Multiuser Diversity Systems." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/454210.

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Although antenna selection is a simple and efficient technique for enhancing the downlink performance of multiuser diversity systems, the large antenna interelement spacing required for achieving spatial diversity is prohibitive for user terminals due to size restrictions. In order to allay this problem, we propose miniaturized switched beam receiver designs assisted by low-cost passive reflectors. Unlike conventional spatial receive diversity systems, the proposed angular diversity architectures occupy a small volume whereas the antenna system properties are optimized by controlling the strong reactive fields present at small dimensions. The systems are designed for maximum antenna efficiency and low interbeam correlation, thus yieldingNpractically uncorrelated receive diversity branches. The simulation results show that the proposed enhanced diversity combining systems improve the average throughput of a multiuser network outperforming classical antenna selection especially for small user populations and compact user terminal size.

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17

Wasenmüller, U., T. Brack, I. Groh, E. Staudinger, S. Sand, and N. Wehn. "A design study on complexity reduced multipath mitigation." Advances in Radio Science 10 (September 18, 2012): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-10-167-2012.

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Abstract. Global navigation satellite systems, e.g. the current GPS and the future European Galileo system, are frequently used in car navigation systems or smart phones to determine the position of a user. The calculation of the mobile position is based on the signal propagation times between the satellites and the mobile terminal. At least four time of arrival (TOA) measurements from four different satellites are required to resolve the position uniquely. Further, the satellites need to be line-of-sight to the receiver for exact position calculation. However, in an urban area, the direct path may be blocked and the resulting multipath propagation causes errors in the order of tens of meters for each measurement. and in the case of non-line-of-sight (NLOS), positive errors in the order of hundreds of meters. In this paper an advanced algorithm for multipath mitigation known as CRMM is presented. CRMM features reduced algorithmic complexity and superior performance in comparison with other state of the art multipath mitigation algorithms. Simulation results demonstrate the significant improvements in position calculation in environments with severe multipath propagation. Nevertheless, in relation to traditional algorithms an increased effort is required for real-time signal processing due to the large amount of data, which has to be processed in parallel. Based on CRMM, we performed a comprehensive design study including a design space exploration for the tracking unit hardware part, and prototype implementation for hardware complexity estimation.

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18

Basit, Abdul, Wen-Qin Wang, Shaddrack Yaw Nusenu, and Samad Wali. "FDA Based QSM for mmWave Wireless Communications: Frequency Diverse Transmitter and Reduced Complexity Receiver." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 20, no. 7 (July 2021): 4571–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3060512.

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19

Qin, Zhiliang, Kui Cai, and Xiaoxin Zou. "A Reduced-Complexity Iterative Receiver Based on Simulated Annealing for Coded Partial-Response Channels." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 43, no. 6 (June 2007): 2265–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2007.893414.

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20

Park, S. Y., and C. G. Kang. "Complexity-Reduced Iterative MAP Receiver for Interference Suppression in OFDM-Based Spatial Multiplexing Systems." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 53, no. 5 (September 2004): 1316–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2004.832383.

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21

Ghamari Adian, Mehdi. "Beamforming with Reduced Complexity in MIMO Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks." Journal of Optimization 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/325217.

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An approach for beamforming with reduced complexity in MIMO cooperative cognitive radio networks (MIMO-CCRN) is presented. Specifically, a suboptimal approach with reduced complexity is proposed to jointly determine the transmit beamforming (TB) and cooperative beamforming (CB) weight vectors along with antenna subset selection in MIMO-CCRN. Two multiantenna secondary users (SU) constitute the desired link, one acting as transmitter (SU TX) and the other as receiver (SU RX) and they coexist with single-antenna primary and secondary users. Some of single antenna secondary users are recruited by desired link as cooperative relay. The maximization of the achievable rates in the desired link is the objective of this work, provided to interference constraints on the primary users are not violated. The objective is achieved by exploiting transmit beamforming at SU TX, cooperation of some secondary users, and cooperative beamforming. Meanwhile, the costs associated with RF chains at the radio front end at SU RX are reduced. Through simulations, it is shown that better performance in the desired link is attained, as a result of cooperation of SUs.

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22

Babar, Zunaira, Chuan Zhu, Hung Viet Nguyen, Panagiotis Botsinis, Dimitrios Alanis, Daryus Chandra, Soon Xin Ng, and Lajos Hanzo. "Reduced-Complexity Iterative Receiver for Improving the IEEE 802.15.7 Convolutional-Coded Color Shift Keying Mode." IEEE Communications Letters 21, no. 9 (September 2017): 2005–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2017.2705707.

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23

Liu, Song, Linchang Zhao, and Tao Song. "An Improved Data-Driven Decision Feedback Receiver via Deep Unfolding." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (August 24, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5656880.

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The proposed decision feedback receiver (DFR) is an end-to-end data-driven iterative receiver, and the performance gain is achieved from iterations. However, the mismatch problem between the training set and test set exists in the DFR training, and thus performance degradation, slow convergence speed, and oscillation are introduced. On the other hand, deep unfolding using parameter sharing is a practical method to reduce the model parameter number and improve the training efficiency, but the problem whether the parameter sharing will cause performance degradation is rarely considered. In this work, we generally discuss and analyze these two problems, and solution to solve the problem or conditions that the problem no longer exists is then introduced. We give the improvements to address the mismatch problem in the DFR, and thus we propose an improved-DFR via deep unfolding. The improved-DFRs with and without parameter sharing, namely, DFR-I and DFR-IS, are both developed with low computation complexity and model complexity and can be executed by parallel processing. Besides, the practical training tricks and performance analysis including computation complexity and model complexity are given. In the experiments, the improved-DFRs outperform the DFR in various scenarios, in terms of convergence speed and symbol error rate. The simulation results also show that the DFR-IS is easier to train, and the slight performance loss can be reduced by increasing model complexity, in comparison to DFR-I.

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24

SANO, Yousuke, Kazuaki TAKEDA, Satoshi NAGATA, Takehiro NAKAMURA, Xiaohang CHEN, Anxin LI, Xu ZHANG, Jiang HUILING, and Kazuhiko FUKAWA. "Investigation on Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access with Reduced Complexity Maximum Likelihood Receiver and Dynamic Resource Allocation." IEICE Transactions on Communications E100.B, no. 8 (2017): 1301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.2016fgp0024.

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25

Ohlmer, E., M. Jar, and G. P. Fettweis. "Model and comparative analysis of reduced-complexity receiver designs for the LTE-advanced SC-FDMA uplink." Physical Communication 8 (September 2013): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phycom.2012.11.001.

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26

Bing, Li, and Baoming Bai. "Design of Simplified Maximum-Likelihood Receivers for Multiuser CPM Systems." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/174294.

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A class of simplified maximum-likelihood receivers designed for continuous phase modulation based multiuser systems is proposed. The presented receiver is built upon a front end employing mismatched filters and a maximum-likelihood detector defined in a low-dimensional signal space. The performance of the proposed receivers is analyzed and compared to some existing receivers. Some schemes are designed to implement the proposed receivers and to reveal the roles of different system parameters. Analysis and numerical results show that the proposed receivers can approach the optimum multiuser receivers with significantly (even exponentially in some cases) reduced complexity and marginal performance degradation.

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27

Ucar, Alper, Yacine Adane, Burak Bardak, Carlo Paparo, Reuben Berry, and Izzet Kale. "A Chip Scale Atomic Clock Driven Receiver for Multi-Constellation GNSS." Journal of Navigation 66, no. 3 (March 22, 2013): 449–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037346331300009x.

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This paper presents the design and implementation of a Chip Scale Atomic Clock (CSAC) driven dual-channel Digitally Configurable Receiver (DCR) for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). The receiver is intended to be used for research applications such as; multipath mitigation, scintillation assessment, advanced satellite clock and spatial frame transformation modelling, Precise Point Positioning (PPP) as well as rapid development and assessment of novel circuits and systems for GNSS receivers. A novel sub-Nyquist sampling (subsampling) receiver architecture incorporating dual-band microstrip RF filters is employed in order to minimize the complexity of the multi-frequency Radio Frequency (RF) front-end. Moreover, the digital receiver incorporates a novel and complexity-reduced Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) core for signal acquisition as well as COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer (CORDIC) cores for the code/carrier discriminators in order to minimize the resource allocation on the FPGA. The receiver also provides easy access to enable adjustment of its internal parameters such as; RF gain, position update rate, tracking channel correlator spacing and code/carrier loop noise bandwidth. Correlator outputs, code/carrier error, Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (C/N0), navigation and RINEX data are provided to the end-user in real-time. This paper collectively highlights and reports on the implementation, test and validation of the novel techniques, elements and approaches in both the RF and digital part of the DCR that comprise the multi-constellation receiver.

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28

Ragab, Ahmed, Yang Liu, Kangmin Hu, Patrick Chiang, and Samuel Palermo. "Receiver Jitter Tracking Characteristics in High-Speed Source Synchronous Links." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2011 (2011): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/982314.

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High-speed links which employ source synchronous clocking architectures have the ability to track correlated jitter between clock and data channels up to high frequencies. However, system timing margins are degraded by channel skew between clock and data signals and high-frequency loss. This paper describes how these key channel effects impact the jitter performance and influence the clocking architecture of high-speed source synchronous links. Tradeoffs in complexity and jitter tracking performance of common per-channel de-skew circuits are discussed, along with how band-pass filtering can be leveraged to provide additional jitter filtering at the receiver. Jitter tolerance analysis for a 10 Gb/s system shows that a near all-pass delay-locked loop (DLL) and phase-interpolator- (PI-) based de-skew performs best under low skew conditions, while, at high skew, architectures which leverage band-pass clock filtering or a phase-locked loop (PLL) for increased jitter filtering are more suitable. De-skew based on injection-locked oscillators (ILOs) offer a reduced complexity design and competitive jitter tolerance over a wide skew range.

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29

Zhang, Jinwang, Fangxu Lv, Jianjun Shi, Zixiang Tang, and Dongbin Lv. "A High Phase Detection Density and Low Space Complexity Mueller-Muller Phase Detector for DB PAM-4 Wireline Receiver." Electronics 11, no. 19 (October 9, 2022): 3246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11193246.

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A Mueller-Muller Phase Detector (MM PD) technology based on duo-binary four-level pulse amplitude modulation (DB PAM-4) with low complexity and high phase-detection density is presented. The proposed low complexity includes low phase-detection complexity and low space complexity of data processing. The waveform sifting technology simplifies 175 specific waveform changes into five fuzzy waveform change trends, reducing the complexity of subsequent phase detection. By making the data sample before the waveform sifting, the data bit width is reduced from 8 bit to 3 bit, which realizes data dimensionality reduction, greatly reduces the scale of subsequent auxiliary data, reduces the number of basic devices by 13.7%, and reduces the spatial complexity of data processing. The coherent coding of DB PAM-4 combined with waveform sifting increases the phase-detection density from 50% to 65% and improves both phase-detection density and phase-detection gain by 30%, and improves the jitter tolerance. Through the simulation of the clock and data recovery (CDR) model built by Cadence, the fast locking capability of CDR is verified.

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30

Jiang, Hua, Linghong Kong, and Sidan Du. "Vandermonde-Based Unitary Precoding Method for Integer-Forcing Design." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (September 12, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3560514.

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An integer-forcing linear receiver has significantly better performance than conditional receivers for slow-fading channels because it directly recovers an integer linear combination of signals instead of decoding all signals. The performance in terms of achievable rate, outage probability, and error rate can be improved with a unitary matrix precoder imposed at each channel realization. In this paper, a new special unitary matrix precoding approach is proposed to reduce the computational complexity. Different from the parameterization technique with many parameters, the new method constructs a unitary Vandermonde matrix with only a single parameter. The optimal Vandermonde matrix is determined on the basis of the shortest vector of a lattice generated by the precoding matrix in which the single parameter is searched. Therefore, its complexity is reduced to a polynomial time, whereas the traditional unitary precoder has exponential complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve the performance similar to the benchmark schemes but with much lower complexity. The scheme offers a good trade-off between performance and complexity.

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31

Rougerie, Sébastien, Guillaume Carrié, François Vincent, Lionel Ries, and Michel Monnerat. "A New Multipath Mitigation Method for GNSS Receivers Based on an Antenna Array." International Journal of Navigation and Observation 2012 (May 31, 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/804732.

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The well-known Space-Alternating Generalized Expectation Maximisation (SAGE) algorithm has been recently considered for multipath mitigation in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. However, the implementation of SAGE in a GNSS receiver is a challenging issue due to the numerous number or parameters to be estimated and the important size of the data to be processed. A new implementation of the SAGE algorithm is proposed in this paper in order to reach the same efficiency with a reduced complexity. This paper focuses on the trade-off between complexity and performance thanks to the Cramer Rao bound derivation. Moreover, this paper shows how the proposed algorithm can be integrated with a classical GNSS tracking loop. This solution is thus a very promising approach for multipath mitigation.

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32

OHTA, Tomoya, Satoshi DENNO, and Masahiro MORIKURA. "A Reduced-Complexity Heterodyne Multiband MIMO Receiver with Estimation of Analog Devices Imperfection in a Baseband Feedback Loop." IEICE Transactions on Communications E96.B, no. 6 (2013): 1540–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.e96.b.1540.

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33

Bourbia, Salma, Daniel Le Guennec, Jacques Palicot, Khaled Grati, and Adel Ghazel. "Equalizer's Use Limitation for Complexity Reduction in a Green Radio Receiver." Journal of Computer Networks and Communications 2013 (2013): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/794202.

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This work is about reducing energy consumption in the receiver chain by limiting the use of the equalizer. It is to make the radio receiver aware of its environment and able to take decision to turn on or off the equalizer according to its necessity or not. When the equalizer is off, the computational complexity is reduced and the rate of reduction depends on the percentage of time during which this component is disabled. In order to achieve this scenario of adapting the use of the equalizer, we need to develop a decision-making technique that provides the receiver with the capacities of awareness and adaptability to the state of its environment. For this, we improve a technique based on a statistical modeling of the environment by defining two metrics as channel quality indicators to evaluate the effect of the intersymbol interferences and the channel fading. The statistical modeling technique allows to take into account the impact of the uncertainties of the estimated metrics on the decision making.

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34

Reinoso Chisaguano, Diego Javier, and Minoru Okada. "Low Complexity Submatrix Divided MMSE Sparse-SQRD Detection for MIMO-OFDM with ESPAR Antenna Receiver." VLSI Design 2013 (April 30, 2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/206909.

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Multiple input multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) with an electronically steerable passive array radiator (ESPAR) antenna receiver can improve the bit error rate performance and obtains additional diversity gain without increasing the number of Radio Frequency (RF) front-end circuits. However, due to the large size of the channel matrix, the computational cost required for the detection process using Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time (V-BLAST) detection is too high to be implemented. Using the minimum mean square error sparse-sorted QR decomposition (MMSE sparse-SQRD) algorithm for the detection process the average computational cost can be considerably reduced but is still higher compared with a conventional MIMOOFDM system without ESPAR antenna receiver. In this paper, we propose to use a low complexity submatrix divided MMSE sparse-SQRD algorithm for the detection process of MIMOOFDM with ESPAR antenna receiver. The computational cost analysis and simulation results show that on average the proposed scheme can further reduce the computational cost and achieve a complexity comparable to the conventional MIMO-OFDM detection schemes.

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35

JEONG, Jaeho, Gia Khanh TRAN, and Kiyomichi ARAKI. "Complexity-Reduced Low Noise Matching Design of Receiver Front-end Amplifiers with Mutually Coupled 2^|^times;2 MIMO Antennas." IEICE Transactions on Electronics E97.C, no. 10 (2014): 1005–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transele.e97.c.1005.

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36

Husein, Muhamed K. "Minimize MIMO OFDM interference and noise ratio using polynomial-time algorithm." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp900-907.

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In the distributed transmit antenna MIMO OFDM system, each transmitting antenna has different frequency offset between each transmitting antenna and receiver due to the use of independent crystal oscillator. This paper proposes Polynomial-time algorithm for correcting the frequency offset in a received signal by maximizing the conditional average signal. The algorithm focus on reducing to interference and noise ratio of each subcarrier on the receiving antenna by frequency offset. The simulation result shows the performance of the proposed algorithm is slightly improved compared with the existing frequency offset correction algorithm, and the complexity is reduced by 50% or more.

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37

Brennsteiner, Stefan, Tughrul Arslan, John Thompson, and Andrew McCormick. "A Real-Time Deep Learning OFDM Receiver." ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems 15, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3494049.

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Machine learning in the physical layer of communication systems holds the potential to improve performance and simplify design methodology. Many algorithms have been proposed; however, the model complexity is often unfeasible for real-time deployment. The real-time processing capability of these systems has not been proven yet. In this work, we propose a novel, less complex, fully connected neural network to perform channel estimation and signal detection in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system. The memory requirement, which is often the bottleneck for fully connected neural networks, is reduced by ≈ 27 times by applying known compression techniques in a three-step training process. Extensive experiments were performed for pruning and quantizing the weights of the neural network detector. Additionally, Huffman encoding was used on the weights to further reduce memory requirements. Based on this approach, we propose the first field-programmable gate array based, real-time capable neural network accelerator, specifically designed to accelerate the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing detector workload. The accelerator is synthesized for a Xilinx RFSoC field-programmable gate array, uses small-batch processing to increase throughput, efficiently supports branching neural networks, and implements superscalar Huffman decoders.

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38

Maggio, Gabriel N., Mario R. Hueda, and Oscar E. Agazzi. "Maximum Likelihood Sequence Detection Receivers for Nonlinear Optical Channels." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/736267.

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The space-time whitened matched filter (ST-WMF) maximum likelihood sequence detection (MLSD) architecture has been recently proposed (Maggio et al., 2014). Its objective is reducing implementation complexity in transmissions over nonlinear dispersive channels. The ST-WMF-MLSD receiver (i) drastically reduces the number of states of the Viterbi decoder (VD) and (ii) offers a smooth trade-off between performance and complexity. In this work the ST-WMF-MLSD receiver is investigated in detail. We show that thespace compressionof the nonlinear channel is an instrumental property of the ST-WMF-MLSD which results in a major reduction of the implementation complexity in intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) fiber optic systems. Moreover, we assess the performance of ST-WMF-MLSD in IM/DD optical systems with chromatic dispersion (CD) and polarization mode dispersion (PMD). Numerical results for a 10 Gb/s, 700 km, and IM/DD fiber-optic link with 50 ps differential group delay (DGD) show that the number of states of the VD in ST-WMF-MLSD can be reduced ~4 times compared to an oversampled MLSD. Finally, we analyze the impact of the imperfect channel estimation on the performance of the ST-WMF-MLSD. Our results show that the performance degradation caused by channel estimation inaccuracies is low and similar to that achieved by existing MLSD schemes (~0.2 dB).

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39

Xu, Ding Jie, Mo Xuan Li, and Xian Peng Wang. "Improved Algorithm for Joint DOD and DOA Estimation in Bistatic MIMO Radar Based on Fourth Order Cumulants." Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (May 2013): 2550–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.2550.

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An improved algorithm for joint direction of departure (DOD) and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in bistatic MIMO radar based on fourth order cumulants is presented. Firstly, the data of receiver is reset and divided to acquire the rotational invariance property of transmitter and receiver, respectively. The fourth order cumulants matrixes in twain are constructed which are based on the basic definition of the cumulant. Then we use the propagator method (PM), which only requires linear operation but does not involve any eigendecomposition of the cumulant matrix, to estimate the DODs and DOAs, respectively. Finally, the maximum likelihood method is used to solve the pairing problem. The proposed method is effective in prohibiting the Gaussian colored noise and improves the performance of the angle estimation slightly. It does not need two-dimensional spectrum peak searching and eigenvalue decomposition on the cumulant matrix, thus the computation complexity is reduced. At the same time, it has no exceptive claim on the number of receive arrays or receive arrays. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

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40

Fraimis, Ioannis G., and Stavros A. Kotsopoulos. "A Low-Complexity Resource Allocation Algorithm for MIMO-OFDMA Multicast Systems with Spectrum-Guarantee Provisioning." International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/585267.

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We study the important problem of resource allocation for the downlink of Multiple-Input Multiple output (MIMO) Multicast Wireless Systems operating over frequency-selective channels and we propose a low-complexity but efficient resource allocation algorithm for MIMO-enabled OFDMA systems. The proposed solution guarantees a minimum spectrum share for each user while also takes advantage of the multicast transmission mode. The presence of multiple antennas in both transmitter and receiver offers spatial diversity to the system along with the frequency diversity added by the OFDMA access scheme. The computational complexity is reduced from exponential to linear and validation of the proposed solution is achieved through various simulation scenarios in comparison with other multicast and unicast reference schemes used in MIMO-OFDMA systems. Numerical results and complexity analysis demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.

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41

Park, Yeonseok, Anthony Choi, and Keonwook Kim. "Single-Channel Multiple-Receiver Sound Source Localization System with Homomorphic Deconvolution and Linear Regression." Sensors 21, no. 3 (January 23, 2021): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030760.

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The conventional sound source localization systems require the significant complexity because of multiple synchronized analog-to-digital conversion channels as well as the scalable algorithms. This paper proposes a single-channel sound localization system for transport with multiple receivers. The individual receivers are connected by the single analog microphone network which provides the superimposed signal over simple connectivity based on asynchronized analog circuit. The proposed system consists of two computational stages as homomorphic deconvolution and machine learning stage. A previous study has verified the performance of time-of-flight estimation by utilizing the non-parametric and parametric homomorphic deconvolution algorithms. This paper employs the linear regression with supervised learning for angle-of-arrival prediction. Among the circular configurations of receiver positions, the optimal location is selected for three-receiver structure based on the extensive simulations. The non-parametric method presents the consistent performance and Yule–Walker parametric algorithm indicates the least accuracy. The Steiglitz–McBride parametric algorithm delivers the best predictions with reduced model order as well as other parameter values. The experiments in the anechoic chamber demonstrate the accurate predictions in proper ensemble length and model order.

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42

Abdul Rahman, Farah Diyana, Dimitris Agrafiotis, and Ahmad Imran Ibrahim. "Edge Dissimilarity Reduced-Reference Quality Metric with Low Overhead Bitrate." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 10, no. 2 (May 1, 2018): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i2.pp631-640.

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In multimedia transmission, it is important to rely on an objective quality metric which accurately represents the subjective quality of processed images and video sequences. Reduced-reference metrics make use of side-information that is transmitted to the receiver for estimating the quality of the received sequence with low complexity. In this paper, an Edge-based Dissimilarity Reduced-Reference video quality metric with low overhead bitrate is proposed. The metric is evaluated by finding the dissimilarity between the edge information of original and distorted sequences. The edge degradation can be detected in this manner as perceived video quality is highly associated with edge structural. Due to the high overhead using the Soergel distance, it is pertinent to find a way to reduce the overhead while maintaining the edge information that can convey the quality measure of the sequences. The effects of different edge detection operator, video resolution and file compressor are investigated. The aim of this paper is to significantly reduce the bitrate required in order to transmit the side information overhead as the reduced reference video quality metric. From the results obtained, the side information extracted using Sobel edge detector maintained consistency throughout the reduction of spatial and temporal down-sample.

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43

Singh, Pankaj, Byung-Wook Kim, and Sung-Yoon Jung. "Compressed Detection for Pulse-Based Communications in the Terahertz Band." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (September 24, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2408496.

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Terahertz (THz) band (0.1-10 THz)-based electromagnetic communications are envisioned as a key technology to enable future high-data-rate short-range ultrabroadband communications. However, one of the fundamental bottlenecks is the efficiency of the analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) considering the formidable challenge of sampling the signal at the Nyquist rate eventually increasing transceiver design complexity. The Compressed sensing (CS) framework enables the successful reconstruction of sparse signals from a small set of projections onto a random vector which would lead to sub-Nyquist rate sampling. In this paper, THz band channel estimation based on the theory of CS is developed. The proposed approach exploits the fact that transmitting an ultrashort pulse through a multipath THz channel leads to a received THz signal that can be approximated by a linear combination of a few atoms from a predefined dictionary, yielding thus a sparse representation of the received signal. The fundamental idea is in the design of the dictionary of atoms that closely matches the transmitted pulse leading thus to a higher probability of CS reconstruction. The Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) algorithm is used to identify the strongest atoms in the projected signal. This reconstructed signal is subsequently used as a reference template in a correlator-based detector. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed detector is analyzed and compared with the conventional CS-based channel estimation and reconstruction approach. Extensive simulations show that, for different design parameters, our proposed detector outperforms the traditional CS-based correlator receiver for the same sampling rate leading thus to a much-reduced use of analog-to-digital resources. Moreover, the proposed detector has been shown to reduce the hardware complexity of the receiver by significantly reducing the number of parallel mixer-integration branches.

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Mert, Ahmet, Niyazi Kılıç, Erdem Bilgili, and Aydin Akan. "Breast Cancer Detection with Reduced Feature Set." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/265138.

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This paper explores feature reduction properties of independent component analysis (ICA) on breast cancer decision support system. Wisconsin diagnostic breast cancer (WDBC) dataset is reduced to one-dimensional feature vector computing an independent component (IC). The original data with 30 features and reduced one feature (IC) are used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of the classifiers such ask-nearest neighbor (k-NN), artificial neural network (ANN), radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), and support vector machine (SVM). The comparison of the proposed classification using the IC with original feature set is also tested on different validation (5/10-fold cross-validations) and partitioning (20%–40%) methods. These classifiers are evaluated how to effectively categorize tumors as benign and malignant in terms of specificity, sensitivity, accuracy,F-score, Youden’s index, discriminant power, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with its criterion values including area under curve (AUC) and 95% confidential interval (CI). This represents an improvement in diagnostic decision support system, while reducing computational complexity.

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45

Accardi, Luigi, Satoshi Iriyama, Koki Jimbo, and Massimo Regoli. "A New Class of Strongly Asymmetric PKA Algorithms: SAA-5." Cryptography 3, no. 1 (March 20, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryptography3010009.

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A new class of public key agreement (PKA) algorithms called strongly-asymmetric algorithms (SAA) was introduced in a previous paper by some of the present authors. This class can be shown to include some of the best-known PKA algorithms, for example the Diffie–Hellman and several of its variants. In this paper, we construct a new version of the previous construction, called SAA-5, improving it in several points, as explained in the Introduction. In particular, the construction complexity is reduced, and at the same time, robustness is increased. Intuitively, the main difference between SAA-5 and the usual PKA consists of the fact that in the former class, B (Bob) has more than one public key and A (Alice) uses some of them to produce her public key and others to produce the secret shared key (SSK). This introduces an asymmetry between the sender of the message (B) and the receiver (A) and motivates the name for this class of algorithms. After describing the main steps of SAA-5, we discuss its breaking complexity assuming zero complexity of discrete logarithms and the computational complexity for both A and B to create SSK.

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46

Xin, Pengzhe, Hailong Wang, Yu Liu, Jianping Chen, Tiecheng Song, and Dongming Wang. "An Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Expectation Propagation Detection for MIMO Systems." Electronics 12, no. 2 (January 12, 2023): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12020388.

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Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology is one of the key technical approaches to improve the spectrum efficiency of wireless communication. Modern communication systems employ MIMO and high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) to maximize spectral efficiency. However, with the increase in the number of antennas and modulation orders, it is very challenging to design a low-complexity and high-efficiency MIMO receiver. In recent years, with the rapid development of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, more and more researchers have tried to apply machine learning techniques in the field of communication to break through the performance of traditional communication algorithms. In this paper, we propose a new low-complexity MIMO detection algorithm: an artificial intelligence-assisted expectation propagation (EP) detection algorithm. Neural network models are used to learn and map some of the time-consuming steps in the EP detection algorithm, converting the complex operation process into a few matrix multiplication operations in order to reduce the complexity of the detection algorithm. It is verified that the method proposed in this paper can approximate the performance of the original EP detection algorithm with reduced complexity and is applicable in different scenarios.

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47

Meng, Qian, Jian-ye Liu, Qing-hua Zeng, Shao-jun Feng, and Rui-zhi Chen. "Neumann-Hoffman Code Evasion and Stripping Method For BeiDou Software-defined Receiver." Journal of Navigation 70, no. 1 (September 28, 2016): 101–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463316000515.

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The acquisition and tracking strategies of the BeiDou navigation satellite signals are affected by the modulation of Neumann-Hoffman code (NH code), which increases the complexity of receiver baseband signal processing. Based on the analysis of probability statistics of the NH code, a special sequence of incoming signals is proposed to evade the bit transitions caused by the NH code, and an NH Code Evasion and Stripping method (NCES) based on the NH-pre-modulated code is proposed. The NCES can be applied in both 20-bit NH code and 10-bit NH code. The fine acquisition eliminates the impact of NH code on the traditional tracking loop. These methods were verified with a BeiDou PC-based software-defined receiver using the actual sampled signals. Compared with other acquisition schemes which try to determine or ignore the NH code phase, the NCES needs fewer incoming signals and the actual runtime is greatly reduced without sacrificing much time to search in the secondary code dimension, and the success rate of acquisition is effectively improved. An extension of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-based parallel code-phase search acquisition gives the NCES an advantage in engineering applications.

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48

Zeng, Qingxi, Chang Gao, Wenqi Qiu, Zhaihe Zhou, and Chade Lyu. "Parallel Frequency Acquisition Algorithm for BeiDou Software Receiver Based on Coherent Downsampling." Journal of Navigation 73, no. 2 (August 14, 2019): 433–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463319000699.

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The time it takes to acquire a satellite signal is one of the most important parameters for a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. The Parallel Frequency space search acquisition Algorithm (PFA) runs faster than the Parallel Code phase search acquisition Algorithm (PCA) when the approximate phase of Pseudo-Random Noise (PRN) code and the approximate value of a Doppler shift are known. However, a large amount of data is needed to be dealt with by the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) in a traditional PFA algorithm because it processes a narrow-band signal with the initial sampling frequency after the PRN code is stripped. In order to reduce the computational complexity of the traditional PFA algorithm, a down-conversion module and a downsampling module were added to the traditional PFA in the work reported here. Experiments demonstrated that this method not only succeeded in acquiring BeiDou B1I signals, but also the time for acquirement was reduced by at least 80% with the modified PFA algorithm compared with the traditional PFA algorithm. The loss in Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) did not exceed 0·5 dB when the number of coherent points was less than 500.

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Ur Rehman, Naveed, Lei Zhang, Muhammad Zahid Hammad, and Emmanuel Anania Mwangosi. "ICI Cancellation in OFDM Systems by Frequency Offset Reduction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 3987–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.3987.

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The rapid growth within the field of digital communication during the recent years expanded the need for high-speed data transmission to support a wide range of services such as: video, data and voice in wireless communication systems, etc. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and a multicarrier modulation scheme are employed to achieve the high data rates. Since OFDM is very much sensitive to carrier frequency offsets, which cause the Inter-carrier Interference (ICI) leads to mitigation of this ICI is necessary. The objectives of this paper are to, proposed an efficient ICI self-cancellation scheme to mitigate the effect of ICI on OFDM systems. For this purpose, a redundant data is transmitted onto adjacent sub-carriers such that the ICI between adjacent sub-carriers cancels out at the receiver side. One data symbol is modulated into a group of adjacent sub carriers with a group of weighting coefficients. At the receiver side, the received signals are linearly combined on these sub carriers with proposed coefficients. The residual ICI contained in the received signals can then be further reduced. This study provides significant carrier-to-interference power ratio (CIR) improvement, which has been studied theoretically and supported by simulations. Since no channel equalization is required to reduce ICI, so the proposed scheme doesnt increase the system complexity.

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Pan, Jianxiong, Neng Ye, Aihua Wang, and Xiangming Li. "A Deep Learning-Aided Detection Method for FTN-Based NOMA." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (January 29, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5684851.

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The rapid booming of future smart city applications and Internet of things (IoT) has raised higher demands on the next-generation radio access technologies with respect to connection density, spectral efficiency (SE), transmission accuracy, and detection latency. Recently, faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) and nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) have been regarded as promising technologies to achieve higher SE and massive connections, respectively. In this paper, we aim to exploit the joint benefits of FTN and NOMA by superimposing multiple FTN-based transmission signals on the same physical recourses. Considering the complicated intra- and interuser interferences introduced by the proposed transmission scheme, the conventional detection methods suffer from high computational complexity. To this end, we develop a novel sliding-window detection method by incorporating the state-of-the-art deep learning (DL) technology. The data-driven offline training is first applied to derive a near-optimal receiver for FTN-based NOMA, which is deployed online to achieve high detection accuracy as well as low latency. Monte Carlo simulation results validate that the proposed detector achieves higher detection accuracy than minimum mean squared error-frequency domain equalization (MMSE-FDE) and can even approach the performance of the maximum likelihood-based receiver with greatly reduced computational complexity, which is suitable for IoT applications in smart city with low latency and high reliability requirements.

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