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Статті в журналах з теми "Regional enlargement"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 19 лютого 2022

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1

Namcheol Moon. "EU Enlargement: Regional Policy and Regional Disparity." Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea 13, no. 3 (September 2010): 442–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.23841/egsk.2010.13.3.442.

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2

Bafoil, François, and Michael O’Mahony. "Reshaping regional identities through enlargement." Revue française de science politique (English) 63, no. 1 (2013): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfspe.631.0067.

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3

Schmidt, Torben Dall. "Cross-border regional enlargement in Øresund." GeoJournal 64, no. 3 (November 2005): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10708-006-6874-5.

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4

Medjak, Vladimir. "Regional policy of the European Union." Medjunarodni problemi 55, no. 1 (2003): 25–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp0301025m.

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The author analyses the development of the European Union?s regional policy since 1988 and possible changes that could occur after the eastward enlargement. He examines Delors I and Delors II budgetary packages, covering the period 1988-2000, main principles and objectives, their changes over time and instruments of conducting the policy - Structural Funds. The author also analyses the preparations for enlargement within the scope of Agenda 2000 report, its contents, negotiation process for its adoption and changes made by it. At the end, he examines the effect that regional policy has made so far and possible obstacles for the forthcoming enlargement.

5

Goode, J. Paul. "The Push for Regional Enlargement in Putin's Russia." Post-Soviet Affairs 20, no. 3 (January 2004): 219–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/1060-586x.20.3.219.

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6

Chen Wongworawat, Yan, Daniel Jack, Jared C. Inman, Fouad Abdelhalim, Camilla Cobb, Craig William Zuppan, and Anwar Raza. "Regional Lymph Node Enlargement in Clinically Severe Cherubism." Clinical Pathology 12 (January 2019): 2632010X1986110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2632010x19861107.

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Cherubism is a rare benign autosomal dominant disorder characterized by progressive, painless, bilateral enlargement of the mandible and/or maxilla because of bone replacement by fibrotic stromal cells and osteoclast-like cells forming multilocular cysts. The lesions typically stabilize and regress after puberty. We present a 14-year-old male with severe familial cherubism. Bilateral mandibular enlargement began around age 4 and progressed until puberty, affecting his speech and mastication without subsequent involution. Composite mandibulectomy and mandible reconstruction with fibula free flap technique improved functionality and cosmesis. Histology was consistent with the diagnosis of cherubism, showing large areas of bland spindle-cell fibrous tissue and moderately abundant collagen and multiple nodules of giant cell-rich tissue resembling central giant cell granuloma. Regional lymph nodes were sampled due to enlargement, demonstrating hemosiderin-laden macrophages and basophilic laminated concretions localized to the cortical interfollicular space and along the peripheral follicular marginal zone, findings which have not been previously reported.

7

Stivachtis, Yannis A., and Mark Webber. "Regional International Society in a Post‐Enlargement Europe." Journal of European Integration 33, no. 2 (March 2011): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2011.543519.

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8

Hall, John, and Wolfgang Quaisser. "Europe's Eastern Enlargement: Who Benefits?" Current History 100, no. 649 (November 1, 2001): 389–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2001.100.649.389.

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The historical experience of the East European countries is to dance to the tunes played by regional powers to their west and to their east. Is this just one more round, with Brussels choreographing the show now, rather than Vienna, Berlin, or Moscow?

9

Shcherbak, Igor. "The Western Balkans in EU’s Strategy." Scientific and Analytical Herald of IE RAS 21, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran320214147.

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The article is devoted to the problems connected with the EU enlargement to the Western Balkans. The author pays special attention to the factors explaining recent increased attention of the EU to finding solution to the enlargement .The article contains analyses of «the frozen conflicts» in the region which continue to influence the regional stability and make the task of accelerating the EU’s enlargement to the Western Balkans as a priority one in the context of the EU’s strategic autonomy. New EU’s initiatives aimed at arranging strategic debates on EU enlargement to the Western Balkans have been described. The article contains analyses of the so-called frozen conflicts in the Western Balkans which continue to exert influence on regional stability and on the process of association of the Western Balkans with the EU. The important role of the EUthe Western Balkans' summits in elaboration of common approaches of the EU’s member-states to the problem of enlargement has been noted. The article defines a possible perspective of the EU’s enlargement towards the Western Balkans. The author considers that the EU’s enlargement towards the Western Balkans is becoming an important task for the EU in the context of realization of its strategic autonomy and projection of its influence on the given region.

10

Krajišnik, Milenko, and Aleksandra Žutić. "Impact of the Enlargement of the European Union on the Foreign Trade and Development of the New Members." ECONOMICS 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eoik-2017-0010.

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SummaryOne of the most important characteristics of the process of globalization is the creation of different regional economic integrations. The most developed regional economic integration in the world is the European Union. Since it was found, when six founder countries created the free trade area for coal and steel, European Union passed all the phases of development of the economic integration, through the customs union and common market to the economic and monetary union. Through the six waves of enlargement European Union has become the integration of 28 countries with over 500 million habitants. Every enlargement of this regional integration had an impact on the economic position and the development of both the old and the new members. The biggest increase in the number of members brought the 5th big enlargement of the European Union, when the number of the member countries increased in total for 12 countries, first for 10, and then for 2 more.The effects of this enlargement on former soviet countries are specially interesting not only because of the number of the new members, but also because of the fact that these countries during the joining have also pass the process of the transition to the market economy.The aim of this work is to examine the effects of the enlargement on the foreign trade of the new members, and the effects of the changes in foreign trade on the economic development of these countries. The analysis of the effects of joining the European Union could be interesting for the countries which strive to become members of this economic regional integration.

11

ICASATTI, ALBERT, and WASHINGTON NOZU. "INTEGRAÇÃO REGIONAL COMO AMPLIAÇÃO SIMBÓLICA DO TERRITÓRIO BRASILEIRO PARA ALÉM DE SUAS FRONTEIRAS." Revista Jurídica da UFERSA 2, no. 3 (February 9, 2018): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21708/issn2526-9488.v2.n3.p177-190.2018.

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12

Huber, Peter. "Did previous EU-enlargements change the regional distribution of production? An empirical analysis of three enlargement episodes." International Journal of Public Policy 3, no. 3/4 (2008): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpp.2008.019066.

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13

Van Der Beek, Gregor, and Larry Neal. "The Dilemma of Enlargement for the European Union's Regional Policy." World Economy 27, no. 4 (April 2004): 587–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0378-5920.2004.00615.x.

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14

Faíña, J. Andrés, and Jesús López-Rodríguez. "European Regional Policy and Backward Regions: Implications Towards EU Enlargement." European Journal of Law and Economics 18, no. 1 (July 2004): 5–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:ejle.0000032768.08952.b6.

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15

PIVEN, JOSEPH, STEPHAN ARNDT, JAMES BAILEY, and NANCY ANDREASEN. "Regional Brain Enlargement in Autism: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study." Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 35, no. 4 (April 1996): 530–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199604000-00020.

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16

Amcoff, Jan. "Rapid regional enlargement in sweden: a phenomenon missing an explanation." Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography 91, no. 3 (September 2009): 275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0467.2009.00320.x.

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17

Paas, Tiiu, and Egle Tafenau. "Regional Trade Clusters in Promoting Eastward Enlargement of European Union." Transition Studies Review 12, no. 1 (July 2005): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11300-005-0036-1.

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18

Lee, Ho-Kyoung, Yoo-Seok Yoon, Ho-Seong Han, Jun Suh Lee, Hee Young Na, Soomin Ahn, Jaewoo Park, et al. "Clinical Impact of Unexpected Para-Aortic Lymph Node Metastasis in Surgery for Resectable Pancreatic Cancer." Cancers 13, no. 17 (September 3, 2021): 4454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13174454.

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Radiologically identified para-aortic lymph node (PALN) metastasis is contraindicated for pancreatic cancer (PC) surgery. There is no clinical consensus for unexpected intraoperative PALN enlargement. To analyze the prognostic role of unexpected PALN enlargement in resectable PC, we retrospectively reviewed data of 1953 PC patients in a single tertiary center. Patients with unexpected intraoperative PALN enlargement (group A1, negative pathology, n = 59; group A2, positive pathology, n = 13) showed median overall survival (OS) of 24.6 (95% CI: 15.2–33.2) and 13.0 (95% CI: 4.9–19.7) months, respectively. Patients with radiological PALN metastasis without other metastases (group B, n = 91) showed median OS of 8.6 months (95% CI: 7.4–11.6). Compared with group A1, groups A2 and B had hazard ratios (HRs) of 2.79 (95% CI, 1.4–5.7) and 2.67 (95% CI: 1.8–4.0), respectively. Compared with group A2, group B had HR of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.5–1.9). Multivariable analysis also showed positive PALN as a negative prognostic factor (HR 2.57, 95% CI: 1.2–5.3), whereas positive regional lymph node did not (HR 1.32 95% CI: 0.8–2.3). Thus, unexpected malignant PALN has a negative prognostic impact comparable to radiological PALN metastasis. This results suggests prompt pathologic evaluation for unexpected PALN enlargements is needed and on-site modification of surgical strategy would be considered.

19

Denisov, I. E., and I. A. Safranchuk. "FOUR SCO ENLARGEMENT PROBLEMS." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 3(48) (June 28, 2016): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2016-3-48-112-122.

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The major issue in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) has been the problem of enlargement of its full membership. Traditionally this issue is reviewed as a problem of practical policy. However as debates on the SCO membership enlargement progress, they go into more and more depth. This enlargement debate highlights political culture of SCO and also the issue, known in the experience of other international organizations, namely emerging different levels in an organization as membership grows. More importantly debates on enlargement stimulate thinking over the broader question on the future of the SCO - the global perspective (as Russia mostly prefers) or regional perspective (as China mostly prefers). Thus SCO encounters one of the most pressing dilemmas, that's collision of regionalization and globalization trends progressing in the modern world. Debates on these trends evolve in political, economic and social sciences and remain far from resolution. But the SCO is already under the pressure to make either a practical choice in favor of one of these trends or to find a reliable model to combine them within the SCO agenda. This article reviews the SCO enlargement problem not as an issue of practical policy, but as the issue of searching a balance between trends of globalization and regionalization, which if reached could help to reconcile Russian and Chinese interests in Eurasia.

20

Farmer, Karl. "Heterogeneous enlargement, regional convergence and international competitiveness: a model-based analysis." Journal of Organisational Transformation & Social Change 7, no. 1 (August 2010): 25–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jots.7.1.25_1.

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21

Uvalic, Milica. "Regional Cooperation and the Enlargement of the European Union: Lessons Learned?" International Political Science Review 23, no. 3 (July 2002): 319–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512102023003006.

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22

Krätke, Stefan. "The Regional Impact of EU Eastern Enlargement: A View from Germany." European Planning Studies 10, no. 5 (July 2002): 651–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09654310220145378.

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23

Bailey, David, and Lisa De Propris. "EU Structural Funds, Regional Capabilities and Enlargement: Towards Multi-Level Governance?" Journal of European Integration 24, no. 4 (January 2002): 303–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0703633022000038959.

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24

Spandler, Kilian. "Regional standards of membership and enlargement in the EU and ASEAN." Asia Europe Journal 16, no. 2 (March 21, 2018): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10308-018-0506-9.

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25

Bečvářová, V. "EU enlargement and the Common Agricultural Policy." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 49, No. 10 (March 2, 2012): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5431-agricecon.

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The incorporation of the Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) to the common agrarian market of the European Union is an entrance the saturated market solving problems with surpluses of main agricultural commodities. That is why an increasing of competition among both current member states and the new members has been anticipated. The question related to productivity of factors as well as technology level influence on competitiveness on the occasion of lower prices of agricultural commodities that could bring about shift of trade between agricultural enterprises and food processors in the first stage of processing within commodity chain into some of new member countries (or changes within them) and steer flows of some of agricultural commodities utilised as raw materials. The decisive position of the second stage of agricultural products processing, characterised by highly finalised products, probably will push forward the existing member states, especially the main producers and major exporters of finalised food products in Europe. Their interest in generation and expansion of this kind of market with highly finalised food products on the CEECs food markets would be expected. Moreover, the “demand driven agriculture” implying qualitative criteria such as food safety and precaution, favourable method of production, environmental impact etc., presented by agricultural policies in last decade and for future, is largely influenced by final stages of agri-food commodity chains. Distributors and well-established processors are those who “translate” the consumer’s demand to agricultural producers. Those decide significantly about the dimension, structure and market share of agricultural production in concrete area in essence. This situation has influenced effectiveness of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) exactly. Based upon the last reforms of the CAP in the EU evaluation, the significant changes of commodity markets regulation tools and a new approach partly related to income stabilisation policy partly to support of technological change and restructuring in wider social and regional aspects of the CAP are demonstrated there.

26

Razić, Sanel, and Merim Kasumović. "MACROECONOMIC STABILITY OF NEW MEMBER STATES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION: FIFTH ENLARGEMENT." ЗБОРНИК РАДОВА ЕКОНОМСКОГ ФАКУЛТЕТА У ИСТОЧНОМ САРАЈЕВУ 8, no. 19 (February 10, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/zrefis1919055r.

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The historical context of globalization as an organized process, which influenced the majority of national economies linked via international institutional mediators, led to the so called regional economic integration phenomenon. It is interpreted as the efforts of underdeveloped and developing countries to speed up their economic growth and more significantly impact the entire macroeconomic stability by means of some form of regional integration. Nowadays, regional economic integration is one of the pillars for proper functioning of modern economic relations. Experience of developed countries serves as an example to point out that integration processes inevitably contribute to more favorable environment for developing business sector in the countries striving for integration. In the context of global integrations, more frequent forms of regional changes and the establishment of trade blocks come as the consequence as well as the overall need for obtaining trade balance among national economies. Within this context, the European Union is seen as one of the most important regional integration and an imperative in economic, political and cultural segment, as it is the territory with significant economic growth and the region with high living standards.

27

Meyer, Dietmar. "Human Capital and EU-Enlargement." Competitio 3, no. 1 (August 27, 2020): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21845/comp/2004/1/5.

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The enlargement of the European Union is an almost everywhere accepted necessity, but at the same time of course also a compromise. Economies or regions of different economic, social, institutional, etc. development become united in Europe with a territory from the Atlantic to the Eastern borders of Poland, Slovakia and Hungary, from the Baltic Sea to the Mediterranean Sea. This integration process going along with the worldwide globalisation will imply a new distribution, or a redistribution of the factors of production. First of all the human capital will be touched by this development.2 One of the most important results found by social sciences in the 20th century is the realisation of the immense role played by human factors in the process of economic development. The extremely high efficiency of human capital and the high mobility could diminish the regional differences in the economic development and therefore in the social life. But even this is one reason for the mentioned re-allocation of the human capital. In the frame of a very simple static model (See e. g. Bishi – Kopel [2002]) the flow of human capital between different regions – called the European Union and the New Member States – will be analysed. The introduction of search costs extends the field of policy-analysis.

28

SITHANONXAY SUVANNAPHAKDY, TOSHIHISA TOYODA, and CHRIS CZERKAWASKI. "POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF REGIONAL TRADE ENLARGEMENT IN EAST ASIA ON LAOS’ TRADE." Journal of Economic Development 38, no. 3 (September 2013): 85–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.35866/caujed.2013.38.3.004.

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29

Đurović, Gordana, Miloš Bigović, and Nikola Milović. "Support for Further Enlargement of the EU: Statistical Analysis of Regional Differences." Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 19, no. 3 (January 3, 2017): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19448953.2017.1267394.

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30

Bojan, Matkovski, Zekic Stanislav, Savic Mirko, and Radovanov Boris. "Trade of agri-food products in the EU enlargement process: Evidence from the Southeastern Europe." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 64, No. 8 (August 30, 2018): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/134/2017-agricecon.

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Since the last decade, significant changes have occurred in the trade flows of agri-food products of the Southeastern European countries (SEE) due to adjustment to international market. Namely, as all countries of the SEE strive to be full members of the EU; market opportunities have been changing, primarily because of the reduced barriers on trade with the EU, as well as with the regional countries. In order to investigate the effects of the liberalization process of the agri-food sector of the SEE countries on their export, as well as the total foreign trade, a gravity model based on panel data in the period 2005–2015 has been estimated. According to the results, liberalization of the market in the SEE countries, as a consequence of the EU enlargement process, as well as regional integrations, had positive effects on the total foreign trade of agri-food products. Despite the positive liberalization effects on the agri-food trade, all SEE countries have a lower level of competitiveness than the EU countries, so an organized access to products which possess comparative advantages will be an important condition for the achievement of their particular positions at the international market.

31

Belamfedel Alaoui, Sadek, El Houssaine Tissir, Noreddine Chaibi, and Fatima El Haoussi. "Regional stabilization and H∞ congestion control with input saturation." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 43, no. 10 (March 1, 2021): 2196–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331221992739.

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Designing robust active queue management subjected to network imperfections is a challenging problem. Motivated by this topic, we addressed the problem of controller design for linear systems with variable delay and unsymmetrical constraints by the scaled small gain theorem. We designed two mechanisms: robust enhanced proportional derivative; and robust enhanced proportional derivative subjected to input saturation. Discussion of their practical implementations along with extensive comparisons by MATLAB and NS3 illustrate the improved performance and the enlargement of the domain of attraction regarding some literature results.

32

Majerová, Ingrid, and Jan Nevima. "Socio‑Economic Development and Diversity of the Selected CEC Regions After the EU Enlargement." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 67, no. 4 (2019): 947–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201967040947.

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Development and diversity is connected not only with GDP or GNI per capita level, but often with measurement of another socio‑economic indicators as rate of unemployment, health and education fields or households equipment. The aim of this paper is, with the quantification of socio‑economic indicators, to describe the development of regional diversification using cluster analysis at the regional level of selected Central European Countries after enlargement of European Union. The regions at NUTS 2 level of the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia were selected for this purpose. There are 37 regions on the NUTS 2 level – eight in the Czech Republic, seven in Hungary, sixteen in Poland, four in Slovakia and two in Slovenia. The research was made in the first two programming periods after the big enlargement of EU – from 2004 to 2006 and 2007 to 2013 with their comparison. According to hierarchical cluster procedures, using the Ward method, the five clusters were set and it was found that regional diversity still exists and positive development recorded only forty nine percent of the monitored regions.

33

Wilson, J. S., S. Baek, and J. D. Humphrey. "Importance of initial aortic properties on the evolving regional anisotropy, stiffness and wall thickness of human abdominal aortic aneurysms." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, no. 74 (April 4, 2012): 2047–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0097.

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Complementary advances in medical imaging, vascular biology and biomechanics promise to enable computational modelling of abdominal aortic aneurysms to play increasingly important roles in clinical decision processes. Using a finite-element-based growth and remodelling model of evolving aneurysm geometry and material properties, we show that regional variations in material anisotropy, stiffness and wall thickness should be expected to arise naturally and thus should be included in analyses of aneurysmal enlargement or wall stress. In addition, by initiating the model from best-fit material parameters estimated for non-aneurysmal aortas from different subjects, we show that the initial state of the aorta may influence strongly the subsequent rate of enlargement, wall thickness, mechanical behaviour and thus stress in the lesion. We submit, therefore, that clinically reliable modelling of the enlargement and overall rupture-potential of aneurysms may require both a better understanding of the mechanobiological processes that govern the evolution of these lesions and new methods of determining the patient-specific state of the pre-aneurysmal aorta (or correlation to currently unaffected portions thereof) through knowledge of demographics, comorbidities, lifestyle, genetics and future non-invasive or minimally invasive tests.

34

Telleman, Johan A., Ingrid JT Herraets, H. Stephan Goedee, J. Thies van Asseldonk, and Leo H. Visser. "Ultrasound scanning in the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathies." Practical Neurology 21, no. 3 (February 4, 2021): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2020-002645.

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Nerve ultrasound scanning has become a valuable diagnostic tool in the routine workup of peripheral nerve disorders, effectively complementing conventional electrodiagnostic studies. The most relevant sonographic features are nerve size and structural integrity. Several peripheral neuropathies show characteristic and distinct patterns of nerve enlargement, allowing their early and accurate identification, and reducing test-burden and diagnostic delay for patients. In mononeuropathies such as carpal tunnel syndrome and ulnar neuropathy at the elbow, nerve enlargement develops only at specific sites of entrapment, while in polyneuropathy the nerve enlargement may be multifocal, regional or even diffuse. Nerve ultrasound scanning can reliably identify chronic inflammatory neuropathies, even when extensive electrodiagnostic studies fail, and it should therefore be embedded in routine diagnostic workup of peripheral neuropathies. In this paper we describe a potential diagnostic strategy to achieve this.

35

Yuwani, Siti Hariati, Irham Irham, and Jamhari Jamhari. "ANALISIS KELAYAKAN DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA BUDIDAYA IKAN AIR TAWAR DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN." Agro Ekonomi 25, no. 2 (December 21, 2016): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agroekonomi.17191.

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The aims of this research are (1) determine the feasibility, (2) estimate the contribution of fisheries to the household income and (3) formulate business development strategies for seeding and enlargement of the tilapia catfish and carp comoditiesy Sleman regency.Purposive sampling was used and the following locatios District Ngemplak, Moyudan, and Minggir. Data collection was perfomed proptionally interviewing 15 farmers in hatchery operations and enlargement of catfish, tilapia, and carp. The feasibility analysis tools used was the analysis of costs and revenues, financial analysis that includes the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Benefit Cost (Net B/C), Payback Period (PP), and Break Event Point (BEP). Descriptive analysis was used for contributions to household income. The formulation of the strategy was carried out by the SWOT matrix analysis.The feasibility analysis result are NPV hatchery of catfish Rp. 193.091.118, NPV enlargement of catfish Rp 17.943.762, NPV hatchery of tilapia Rp 60.162.636, NPV of enlargement of tilapia Rp 31.850.378, NPV hatchery of carp Rp 44.981.614, and NPV enlargement of carp Rp 39.507.351. IRR hatchery of catfish 66%. IRR enlargement of catfish 29%. IRR hatchery of tilapia 63% IRR enlargement of tilapia 77%, IRR hatchery of carp 33% and IRR enlargement of carp 52%. Net B/C hatchery of catfish 1,57, Net B/C enlargement of catfish 1,08, Net B/C hatchery of tilapia 1,48, Net B/C enlargement of tilapia 1,65, Net B/C hatchery of carp 1,09 and Net B/C enlargement of carp 1,63. The payback period below 3 years. Fish farming contributes to the monthly family income at 48,87% and is above the minimum regional wages in Sleman. Thus the cultivation of freshwater fish in Sleman is feasible because it is profitable and can incease the family income. Aquaculture business development strategies can be applied based on the SWOT matrix and the feasibility result that include innovation, taking advantage of the simplicity of production and infrastructure factors that support freshwater fish farming and increasing the role of entrepeneurs and the stakholders through the development if technology and information.

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Radtke, Kerstin. "ASEAN Enlargement and Norm Change -A Window of Opportunity for Democracy and Human Rights Entrepreneurs?" Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 33, no. 3 (December 2014): 79–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810341403300304.

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This paper discusses the accession of Myanmar to ASEAN and its effects on the emergence of fundamental political norms in ASEAN. The article first advances the theoretical idea of how accession demands towards Regional Organizations (ROs) open windows of opportunity for norm entrepreneurs to act for norm change in a Regional Organization. Secondly, these ideas are empirically illustrated by a case study on ASEAN's enlargement to include Myanmar. The tentative conclusion is that, being confronted with the accession of the highly stigmatised state of Myanmar, ASEAN was forced to position itself vis-à-vis this outcome, and to open itself up to discussions about fundamental norms and regional identity. This critical phase of transition mobilised norm entrepreneurs to push for norm change, and opened avenues for these entrepreneurs to contribute ideas regarding ASEAN's regional identity. By subsequently framing the discourse on human rights and democracy in Southeast Asia, and by successfully gaining access to the official ASEAN agenda, these entrepreneurs pressured ASEAN to be more precise about its norms. The discussion about stigmatised Myanmar thus introduced new ideas into the regional forum, and in the longer term may have contributed to ASEAN's identity-building and the concession of greater attention to democracy and human rights issues.

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Wang, Deqing, Tianzhi Ye, Sihua Tian, and Xu Wang. "Reexamining Spatiotemporal Disparities of Financial Development in China Based on Functional Data Analysis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (April 17, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5539035.

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Essentially, financial development is a continuous and time-varying process. This paper explicitly accounts for this by introducing functional data analysis to convert discrete observations into a smooth curve in order to represent the continuous process of financial development at the regional level. Regional disparities in financial development in China are reexamined from three dimensions: financial scale enlargement, financial structure adjustment, and financial intermediary efficiency. Disparities are then decomposed using an extended functional Theil index. It is necessary to introduce functional data into the research of financial development level. Through the functional research of China’s financial development level index of three different dimensions, the financial development level can be studied at the level of speed and acceleration, which fills up the research gap. The results imply that (1) the disparity in the level of financial scale enlargement and disparity in velocity and acceleration of financial intermediary efficiency are both statistically significant across regions, while the regional disparity in financial structure adjustment is insignificant, and (2) the downward trends of the total disparity in three dimensions are all dominated by the declining intraregional disparities. Since all 31 provinces have broken the traditional regional division, China does not need to implement region-specific protective policies in strengthening its deepening financial reforms.

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Dragutinović-Mitrović, Radmila, and Predrag Bjelić. "Trade regimes and bilateral trade in the EU enlargement process: Focus on the Western Balkans." Acta Oeconomica 65, no. 2 (June 2015): 249–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.65.2015.2.4.

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This paper aims at investigating the role of different trade regimes in determining the bilateral trade of Western Balkan countries and the enlarged European Union between 2001—2010. Special focus is laid on the intra-regional trade of Western Balkan countries and complementarities of this sub-regional trade integration and the EU accession process. Using panel data, we estimated the gravity model of bilateral exports from Western Balkan and Central Eastern European countries to the core EU members in the 2001–2010 period. The results confirm the importance of EU membership for the development of acceding countries’ trade and shed light on asymmetrical trade regimes as important factors of boosting the bilateral trade flows. Additionally, CEFTA 2006 has a significant contribution to intra-regional Western Balkans trade.

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Seok, Jungirl, Se Jin Hyun, Woo-Jin Jeong, Soon-Hyun Ahn, Hyojin Kim, and Young Ho Jung. "The Difference in the Clinical Features Between Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma and Pleomorphic Adenoma." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 98, no. 8 (June 13, 2019): 504–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145561319855376.

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Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) arises from the primary or recurrent benign pleomorphic adenoma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features that could be referenced in the differentiation. The medical records of 221 patients with pleomorphic adenoma and 15 patients with CXPA were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical characteristics, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings, and surgical pathology were analyzed. Patients with CXPA were older (55.1 vs 42.3; P < .01). Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma was observed at higher rates in the minor salivary glands (24.9% vs 2.7%) and higher incidence of regional lymph node enlargement ( P = .04). While all CXPA showed a low-to-intermediate mean apparent diffusion coefficient value (ADC), most of pleomorphic adenoma had an intermediate-to-high ( P = .01). From this study, the following features should be considered as the clinical features of CXPA: (1) old age; (2) minor salivary gland tumor; (3) regional lymph node enlargement (>5 mm); and (4) low ADC findings.

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Stefanova, Boyka M. "The Political Economy of Outsourcing in the European Union and the East-European Enlargement." Business and Politics 8, no. 2 (August 2006): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1158.

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This paper explores the East-West dichotomy of outsourcing in the European Union in the context of its 2004 eastward enlargement. The purpose of the study is to shed light on the connection between outsourcing and the causal logic of regional integration. The conventional view is that the transfer of business operations from Western Europe to low-cost locations to the east represents a process of outsourcing West-European jobs which deprives the EU core of growth opportunities to the exclusive benefit of the new members from Eastern Europe. This analysis posits the systemic functions of EU outsourcing as a mechanism of economic homogenization in the regional market along its three principal dimensions: investment, commodity trade, and labor mobility. At the macro-level, outsourcing complements capital movements and trade, and acts as a substitute for labor mobility. Keeping labor mobility “down” is the main value added of EU outsourcing. Empirically, its relevance to the regional market is established in an input-output framework of relationships with indicators of economic convergence (homogenization effects) and labor mobility (substitution effects) in the EU. Positive correlations with indices of business synchronization and weak negative correlations with measures of labor supply and wages suggest that outsourcing fits well both with strategies fostering market integration and those counterbalancing the politically sensitive labor mobility in the EU. There is no significant evidence to suggest that, at the aggregate level, outsourcing has independent substitution effects with regard to unemployment rates and wages in Western Europe. The geographic expansion of EU integration, therefore, is not a proxy for losses of social welfare in the West. The paper concludes that as the cost efficiency and resource allocation functions of outsourcing facilitate the homogenizing dynamics of regional integration, it is likely to become increasingly subsumed under EU-level regulation and monitoring in a trade-off between the regional interest and domestic sectoral concerns.

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GETIMIS, PANAYOTIS. "Improving European Union Regional Policy by Learning from the Past in View of Enlargement." European Planning Studies 11, no. 1 (January 2003): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09654310303662.

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42

Burns, Alistair. "Cranial Computerised Tomography in Dementia of the Alzheimer Type." British Journal of Psychiatry 157, S9 (December 1990): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000291812.

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The development of the non-invasive technique of computerised tomography (CT) in the mid-1970s revolutionised the clinician's ability to visualise brain structures in vivo. The main use of the CT scan was to exclude intracranial mass lesions such as cerebral tumours and haematomas. This remains its principal application in neurology and neurosurgery, but in psychiatry additional features such as cerebral infarctions, regional cerebral atrophy, ventricular enlargement and white-matter changes have provoked interest. This review outlines the technique of CT scanning, discusses its use in the differential diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), and comments on the relative contributions of cortical atrophy and ventricular enlargement to the clinical picture of DAT.

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Kuhrt, Natasha, and Filippo Costa Buranelli. "Russia and the CIS in 2018." Asian Survey 59, no. 1 (January 2019): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2019.59.1.44.

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Russia’s “Asian pivot” remains focused on China, despite energetic Russian diplomacy in 2018 vis-à-vis Japan and India. The benefits of the enlargement of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation to include Pakistan and India remained unclear, and the overlapping memberships of regional organizations highlighted the challenges for security and economic cooperation in Central Asia.

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Petrovic, Pero, and Miroslav Antevski. "Regional economic integration in Europe: Effects and open issues." Medjunarodni problemi 58, no. 1-2 (2006): 84–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp0602084p.

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In analyzing regional economic integration in Europe the authors pay special attention to the development in the European Union, for other forms of regional or sub regional integration at the continent are in fact mostly transitional and provisional, and directly connected with EU. The authors argue that in spite of considerable success and high level of integration of the EU, several important open issues remain in that process. They are results of mixed character of European integration: political and economic. Too many kinds of interests are of opposed character, and it is very hard to harmonize them in real politics. The main problems in the EU have their cause in the nature of European integration: international competitiveness of European economy, social character of European states, national productivity, challenges of enlargement.

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Blížkovský, Petr. "Regional disparities and convergences in the European Union." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 4 (2012): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260040059.

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This paper analyses the disparities and convergences between 97 regions of the European Union in the period 2000 to 2008. The methodology is based on the Gini coefficient, Disparity Range Coefficient, Average Disparity Range Coefficient, and σ- and β-convergence. The study tests the hypothesis that the EU regions are converging economically. The subject is relevant as the welfare disparities among the EU regions and their possible convergence represents an economically and politically important issue for the EU. The EU is aiming at decreasing regional welfare disparities through the cohesion policy. The study analyses the convergence within the time span where there was substantial EU enlargement with a disparity effect on the whole EU.The study concludes that the level of disparities among the EU regions is relatively low. The convergence analysis provided mixed results, depending on the methodology used. The tested hypothesis was not confirmed fully.

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Zamzami, Zuhirman. "The prediction of Prostate Cancer Based on Normal Digital Rectal Examination and Normal Prostate Specific Antigen in Clinical Benign Prostate Hyperplasia." International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention 5, no. 4 (April 20, 2018): 3760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijmsci/v5i4.10.

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Purpose: To evaluate the prediction of prostate cancer based on normal digital examination (DRE) and normal prostate specific antigen (PSA) in clinical Benign Prostate Hyperplasia. Materials and Methods: We reviewed medical records of prostate cancer in prostate enlargement patients with urinary retension underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) based on normal DRE, and normal PSA in Arifin Achmad Regional General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Riau Province, Indonesia in January 2010 – Desember 2016. Statistical analysis of univariate was used. Approval on the study was obtained from the Ethical Review Board for Medicine and Health Research, Medical Faculty, University of Riau. Results: There were 644 prostate enlargement patients with urinary retension underwent TURP) in this study in which mostly (51%) in 60-69 year age group, Most (69.7%) DRE were normal and PSA levels of ≤ 4 ng/ml were in 122 (19%) patients. There were 19 (18.5%) prostate cancer in patients with normal DRE and PSA. Conclusion: We found there were 19 (18.5%) prostate cancers in prostate enlargement patients with normal DRE and PSA findings as the prediction.

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Sepúlveda, Luis, Tiago Gorgal, Vanessa Pires, and Filipe Rodrigues. "Prostate Cancer Metastatic to the Cervical Lymph Nodes." Case Reports in Urology 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/263978.

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Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, often presenting with regional lymph node or bone metastasis and rarely with supradiaphragmatic lymph node involvement. Most metastatic cancers involving the cervical lymph nodes are from cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract. In this report, we describe two cases with cervical lymph node enlargement due to metastatic prostate cancer as the initial clinical presentation: a 43-year-old male, initially misdiagnosed with a tumor of the upper aerodigestive tract and an 87-year-old male with right lobe pneumonia and cervical lymph node enlargement, initially attributed to be an acute inflammatory lymph node reaction. To the best of our knowledge, there are less than 50 cases reported in the literature of adenocarcinoma of prostate metastatic to the cervical lymph nodes and only one case presenting in men younger than 45 years. The authors intend to highlight the importance of digital rectal exam and PSA test in case of persistent left cervical lymph node enlargement, including men younger than 45 years of age.

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Shi, Hai Bin, and Li Qi. "Regional Pole Placement via Static Output Feedback Based on Coordinate Transformation." Advanced Materials Research 546-547 (July 2012): 916–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.546-547.916.

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This paper focuses on the regional pole placement via static output feedback. Under proper state coordinate transformation with a free matrix variable, the static output feedback gain may be obtained by solving a linear matrix inequality (LMI). The LMI is feasible only if the poles of a dummy control system are in the given LMI region. The free matrix variable can regulate the dummy system as a state feedback gain matrix. So once the free variable is determined, the static output feedback gain matrix may be obtained by an LMI-based method. The main computations do not concern any reduction or enlargement of matrix inequalities. Numerical examples show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

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Zhou, Yan-Fang, Jun-Chao Huang, Ping Zhang, Feng-Mei Fan, Song Chen, Hong-Zhen Fan, Yi-Min Cui, et al. "Choroid Plexus Enlargement and Allostatic Load in Schizophrenia." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, no. 3 (October 11, 2019): 722–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbz100.

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Abstract Although schizophrenia is a brain disorder, increasing evidence suggests that there may be body-wide involvement in this illness. However, direct evidence of brain structures involved in the presumed peripheral-central interaction in schizophrenia is still unclear. Seventy-nine previously treatment-naïve first-episode schizophrenia patients who were within 2-week antipsychotics initial stabilization, and 41 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Group differences in subcortical brain regional structures measured by MRI and the subclinical cardiovascular, metabolic, immune, and neuroendocrine biomarkers as indexed by allostatic load, and their associations were explored. Compared with controls, patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher allostatic load (P = .001). Lateral ventricle (P < .001), choroid plexus (P < .001), and thalamus volumes (P < .001) were significantly larger, whereas amygdala volume (P = .001) was significantly smaller in patients. The choroid plexus alone was significantly correlated with higher allostatic load after age, sex, education level, and the total intracranial volume were taken into account (t = 3.60, P < .001). Allostatic load was also significantly correlated with PANSS positive (r = 0.28, P = .016) and negative (r = −0.31, P = .008) symptoms, but in opposite directions. The peripheral multisystemic and central nervous system abnormalities in schizophrenia may interact through the choroid plexus during the early stage of the illness. The choroid plexus might provide a sensitive structural biomarker to study the treatment and prevention of brain-periphery interaction abnormalities in schizophrenia.

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Pietro, Flavia Di, Tasha R. Stanton, G. Lorimer Moseley, Martin Lotze, and James H. McAuley. "An exploration into the cortical reorganisation of the healthy hand in upper-limb complex regional pain syndrome." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 13, no. 1 (October 1, 2016): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.06.004.

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AbstractBackground and aimsRecent evidence demonstrated that complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is associated with a larger than normal somatosensory (S1) representation of the healthy hand. The most intuitive mechanism for this apparent enlargement is increased, i.e. compensatory, use of the healthy hand. We investigated whether enlargement of the S1 representation of the healthy hand is associated with compensatory use in response to CRPS. Specifically, we were interested in whether the size of the S1 representation of the healthy hand is associated with the severity of functional impairment of the CRPS-affected hand. We were also interested in whether CRPS duration might be positively associated with the size of the representation of the healthy hand in S1.MethodsUsing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from our previous investigation, the size of the S1 representation of the healthy hand in CRPS patients (n = 12) was standardised to that of a healthy control sample (n = 10), according to hand dominance. Responses to questionnaires on hand function, overall function and self-efficacy were used to gather information on hand use in participants. Multiple regression analyses investigated whether the S1 representation was associated with compensatory use. We inferred compensatory use with the interaction between reported use of the CRPS-affected hand and (a) reported overall function, and (b) self-efficacy. We tested the correlation between pain duration and the size of the S1 representation of the healthy hand with Spearman’s rho.ResultsThe relationship between the size of the S1 representation of the healthyh and and the interaction between use of the affected hand and overall function was small and non-significant ( β =-5.488×10-5, 95% C.I. –0.001, 0.001). The relationship between the size of the S1 representation of the healthy hand and the interaction between use of the affected hand and self-efficacy was also small and non-significant (β =-6.027×10-6, 95% C.I. –0.001, 0.001). The S1 enlargement of the healthy hand was not associated with pain duration (Spearman’s rho = –0.14, p = 0.67).ConclusionOur exploration did not yield evidence of any relationship between the size of the healthy hand representation in S1 and the severity of functional impairment of the CRPS-affected hand, relative to overall hand use or to self-efficacy. There was also no evidence of an association between the size of the healthy hand representation in S1 and pain duration. The enlarged S1 representation of the healthy hand does not relate to self-reported function and impairment in CRPS.ImplicationsWhile this study had a hypothesis-generating nature and the sample was small, there were no trends to suggest compensatory use as the mechanism underlying the apparent enlargement of the healthy hand in S1. Further studies are needed to investigate the possibility that inter-hemispheric differences seen in S1 in CRPS may be present prior to the development of the disorder.