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Готові списки джерел за темами / Resorption (Physiology) / Статті в журналах

Щоб переглянути інші типи публікацій з цієї теми, перейдіть за посиланням: Resorption (Physiology).

Статті в журналах з теми "Resorption (Physiology)"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 20 лютого 2023

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1

Liesegang, A., M. L. Sassi, J. Risteli, R. Eicher, M. Wanner, and J. L. Riond. "Physiology of bone resorption during hypocalcemia in dairy cows." Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 80, no. 1-5 (September 12, 1998): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.1998.tb00507.x.

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2

Chattopadhyay, Naibedya. "Adiponectin Signaling Regulates Skeletal Physiology." INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND ALLIED SCIENCES 74, no. 02 (June 15, 2022): 39–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.55184/ijpas.v74i02.57.

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Анотація:

Bone remodelling is important to maintain the skeletal physiology. Bone loss with aging and hormonal pathologies may be result ofaltered bone remodelling leading to osteoporosis. Even in presence of existing therapies, there is an unmet clinical need to look forideal alternatives that would stimulate bone formation and keep resorption in check. Adiponectin and its derivatives could be a possiblecandidate for such therapy. Orally active small molecule AdipoR agonists may be a proposed solution for this.

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3

Ancajima Ramírez, Charton Dick, Frederik Maximiliano Parra Peña, Grace Teresa Panta Juárez, Luis Jaramillo Liviapoma, Ruth Marianella Huertas Coronado, and Marisel Roxana Valenzuela Ramosa. "Pregnancy, orthodontics and bone resorption." World Health Journal 2, no. 1 (April 23, 2021): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47422/whj.v2i1.10.

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Pregnant women present different changes in the skeletal system, such as the increase in calcium throughout this period, there are also small reductions in bone density. Orthodontic tooth movement is based on the principles of tissue resorption and formation at the level of the surrounding bone and periodontal ligament. It should be noted that there are multiple factors that affect the speed of this type of movement. During pregnancy and lactation, certain alterations in orthodontic dental movement may be perceived, caused by changes in bone homeostasis, alterations in tooth resorption and obs

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4

Lees, Rita L., and Johan N. M. Heersche. "Differences in regulation of pHi in large (≥10 nuclei) and small (≤5 nuclei) osteoclasts." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 279, no. 3 (September 1, 2000): C751—C761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2000.279.3.c751.

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Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that resorb bone by extrusion of protons and proteolytic enzymes. They display marked heterogeneity in cell size, shape, and resorptive activity. Because high resorptive activity in vivo is associated with an increase in the average size of osteoclasts in areas of greater resorption and because of the importance of proton extrusion in resorption, we investigated whether the activity of the bafilomycin A1-sensitive vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) and amiloride-sensitive Na+/H+ exchanger differed between large and small osteoclasts. Osteoclasts were obtain

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5

Turner, R. T., L. S. Kidder, M. Zhang, S. A. Harris, K. C. Westerlind, A. Maran, and T. J. Wronski. "Estrogen has rapid tissue-specific effects on rat bone." Journal of Applied Physiology 86, no. 6 (June 1, 1999): 1950–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.86.6.1950.

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The decrease in cancellous bone formation after estrogen treatment is generally thought to be coupled with a prior decrease in bone resorption. To test the possibility that estrogen has rapid tissue-specific actions on bone metabolism, we determined the time course (1–32 h) effects of diethylstilbestrol on steady-state mRNA levels for immediate-response genes, extracellular matrix proteins, and signaling peptides in the proximal tibial metaphysis and uterus by using Northern blot and RNase protection assays. The regulation of signaling peptides by estrogen, although tissue specific, followed a

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6

Geng, W., and G. L. Wright. "Skeletal sensitivity to dietary calcium deficiency is increased in the female compared with the male rat." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 79, no. 5 (May 1, 2001): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y01-005.

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We investigated potential sex differences in bone resorption and the conservation of whole body bone mass in 24-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats maintained on a 1.0% calcium diet and then fed diets containing 0.02, 0.5, 1.0, or 1.75% calcium for 31 days. Lowering dietary calcium from 1.00% to 0.02% doubled whole skeleton bone resorption (urinary 3H-tetracycline loss). Female rats were more sensitive to calcium stress, exhibiting the maximal resorptive response when fed the 0.5% calcium diet, whereas the 0.02% calcium diet was required to elicit this response in males. Despite the evidence of incre

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7

Xie, Jingbo, Jian Guo, Zaeema Kanwal, Mingzheng Wu, Xiangyang Lv, Nihal Abdalla Ibrahim, Ping Li, Manal Ali Buabeid, El-Shaimaa A. Arafa, and Qingshan Sun. "Calcitonin and Bone Physiology: In Vitro, In Vivo, and Clinical Investigations." International Journal of Endocrinology 2020 (September 10, 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3236828.

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Calcitonin was discovered as a peptide hormone that was known to reduce the calcium levels in the systemic circulation. This hypocalcemic effect is produced due to multiple reasons such as inhibition of bone resorption or suppression of calcium release from the bone. Thus, calcitonin was said as a primary regulator of the bone resorption process. This is the reason why calcitonin has been used widely in clinics for the treatment of bone disorders such as osteoporosis, hypercalcemia, and Paget’s disease. However, presently calcitonin usage is declined due to the development of efficacious formu

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8

Sims, Natalie A., and T. John Martin. "Osteoclasts Provide Coupling Signals to Osteoblast Lineage Cells Through Multiple Mechanisms." Annual Review of Physiology 82, no. 1 (February 10, 2020): 507–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034425.

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Bone remodeling is essential for the repair and replacement of damaged and old bone. The major principle underlying this process is that osteoclast-mediated resorption of a quantum of bone is followed by osteoblast precursor recruitment; these cells differentiate to matrix-producing osteoblasts, which form new bone to replace what was resorbed. Evidence from osteopetrotic syndromes indicate that osteoclasts not only resorb bone, but also provide signals to promote bone formation. Osteoclasts act upon osteoblast lineage cells throughout their differentiation by facilitating growth factor releas

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9

Kullama, L. K., C. L. Agnew, L. Day, M. G. Ervin, and M. G. Ross. "Ovine fetal swallowing and renal responses to oligohydramnios." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 266, no. 3 (March 1, 1994): R972—R978. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1994.266.3.r972.

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Amniotic fluid (AF) volume regulation is dependent on a balance between fluid production and fluid resorption. We examined the effects of reduced AF volume on AF production by fetal urine and resorption by fetal swallowing and the response of these parameters to AF volume replacement. Eight time-dated pregnant ewes (125 +/- 1 days gestation) were studied before (day 1) and after (day 3) AF and fetal urine drainage. Drainage resulted in a significant decrease in AF volume (415 +/- 89 to 157 +/- 36 ml). Fetal urine osmolality increased (139 +/- 10 to 286 +/- 33 mosmol/kgH2O), while urine flow di

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10

Carano, A., P. H. Schlesinger, N. A. Athanasou, S. L. Teitelbaum, and H. C. Blair. "Acid and base effects on avian osteoclast activity." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 264, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): C694—C701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1993.264.3.c694.

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Osteoclasts generate a massive acid flux to mobilize bone calcium. Local extracellular acidification by polarized vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase, balanced by contralateral HCO3-(-)Cl- exchange to maintain physiological intracellular pH, is theorized to drive this process. It follows that extracellular pH, PCO2, or HCO3- concentration ([HCO3-]) should impact bone matrix dissolution. However, the effects on bone resorption of the concentrations of these ions or their transmembrane gradients are unknown. Furthermore, because bone management is a vital process, regulatory feedback may minimize such eff

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11

Krieger, Nancy S., and David A. Bushinsky. "Metabolic acidosis regulates RGS16 and G protein signaling in osteoblasts." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 321, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): F424—F430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00166.2021.

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The results presented in this study indicate that regulation of regulator of G protein signaling 16 and G protein signaling in the osteoblast plays an important role in modulating the response of osteoblastic ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1 (OGR1) to metabolic acidosis and the subsequent stimulation of osteoclastic bone resorption. Further characterization of the regulation of OGR1 in metabolic acidosis-induced bone resorption will help in understanding bone loss in acidotic patients with chronic kidney disease.

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12

Gross, Ted S., Ariff A. Damji, Stefan Judex, Robert C. Bray, and Ronald F. Zernicke. "Bone hyperemia precedes disuse-induced intracortical bone resorption." Journal of Applied Physiology 86, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.86.1.230.

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An in vivo model was used to determine whether bone hyperemia precedes increased intracortical porosity induced by disuse. Twenty-four adult male roosters (age 1 yr) were randomly assigned to intact-control, 7-days-sham-surgery, 7-days-disuse, and 14-days-disuse groups. Disuse was achieved by isolating the left ulna diaphysis from physical loading via parallel metaphyseal osteotomies. The right ulna served as an intact contralateral control. Colored microspheres were used to assess middiaphyseal bone blood flow. Bone blood flow was symmetric between the left and right ulnae of the intact-contr

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13

Key Jr., L. L., W. C. Wolf, C. M. Gundberg, and W. L. Ries. "Superoxide and bone resorption." Bone 15, no. 4 (July 1994): 431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(94)90821-4.

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14

Lasnier, Joseph M., O. Douglas Wangensteen, Laura S. Schmitz, Cynthia R. Gross, and David H. Ingbar. "Terbutaline stimulates alveolar fluid resorption in hyperoxic lung injury." Journal of Applied Physiology 81, no. 4 (October 1, 1996): 1723–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1996.81.4.1723.

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Lasnier, Joseph M., O. Douglas Wangensteen, Laura S. Schmitz, Cynthia R. Gross, and David H. Ingbar. Terbutaline stimulates alveolar fluid resorption in hyperoxic lung injury. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(4): 1723–1729, 1996.—Alveolar fluid resorption occurs by active epithelial sodium transport and is accelerated by terbutaline in healthy lungs. We investigated the effect of terbutaline on the rate of alveolar fluid resorption from rat lungs injured by hyperoxia. Rats exposed to >95% O2 for 60 h, sufficient to increase wet-to-dry lung weight and cause alveolar edema, were compared with air-breathi

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15

Krieger, Nancy S., and David A. Bushinsky. "Pharmacological inhibition of intracellular calcium release blocks acid-induced bone resorption." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 300, no. 1 (January 2011): F91—F97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00276.2010.

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In vivo chronic metabolic acidosis induces net Ca2+ efflux from bone, and incubation of neonatal mouse calvariae in medium simulating physiological metabolic acidosis induces bone resorption. It appears that activation of the proton (H+) receptor OGR1 in the osteoblast leads to an increase in intracellular Ca2+, which is associated with an increase in cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and PGE2-induced receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and H+-induced osteoclastic bone resorption. To support this hypothesis, we tested whether intracellular Ca2+ signaling was integral to H+-induced bone resorption

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16

Ngarmukos, Chardpraorn, and Roger J. Grekin. "Nontraditional aspects of aldosterone physiology." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 281, no. 6 (December 1, 2001): E1122—E1127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.6.e1122.

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Aldosterone is the most important circulating mineralocorticoid. It is secreted by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland and plays a major role in sodium and potassium metabolism by binding to epithelial mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) in the renal collecting duct, promoting sodium resorption and potassium excretion. The action of aldosterone on its classic target epithelia has been extensively studied, and many of the signaling events that mediate its effects have been described. Recently, there has been increased interest in aldosterone actions on the cardiovascular system, which are me

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17

Pavlos, Nathan J., Jiake Xu, Dietmar Riedel, Joyce S. G. Yeoh, Steven L. Teitelbaum, John M. Papadimitriou, Reinhard Jahn, F. Patrick Ross, and Ming H. Zheng. "Rab3D Regulates a Novel Vesicular Trafficking Pathway That Is Required for Osteoclastic Bone Resorption." Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, no. 12 (June 15, 2005): 5253–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.12.5253-5269.2005.

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ABSTRACT Rab3 proteins are a subfamily of GTPases, known to mediate membrane transport in eukaryotic cells and play a role in exocytosis. Our data indicate that Rab3D is the major Rab3 species expressed in osteoclasts. To investigate the role of Rab3D in osteoclast physiology we examined the skeletal architecture of Rab3D-deficient mice and found an osteosclerotic phenotype. Although basal osteoclast number in null animals is normal the total eroded surface is significantly reduced, suggesting that the resorptive defect is due to attenuated osteoclast activity. Consistent with this hypothesis,

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18

Okamoto, Fujio, Hiroshi Kajiya, Kazuko Toh, Shinichi Uchida, Momono Yoshikawa, Sei Sasaki, Mizuho A. Kido, Teruo Tanaka, and Koji Okabe. "Intracellular ClC-3 chloride channels promote bone resorption in vitro through organelle acidification in mouse osteoclasts." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 294, no. 3 (March 2008): C693—C701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00251.2007.

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ClC-7 Cl− channels expressed in osteoclasts are important for bone resorption since it has been shown that disruption of the ClCN7 gene in mice leads to severe osteopetrosis. We have previously reported that Cl− currents recorded from mouse osteoclasts resemble those of ClC-3 Cl− channels. The aim of the present study was to determine the expression of ClC-3 channels in mouse osteoclasts and their functional role during bone resorption. We detected transcripts for both ClC-7 and ClC-3 channels in mouse osteoclasts by RT-PCR. The expression of ClC-3 was confirmed by immunocytochemical staining.

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19

Li, Qingsong, Xueshun Tao, and Yubing Zhang. "Rosmarinic acid alleviates diabetic osteoporosis by suppressing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in rats." Physiology International 109, no. 1 (March 10, 2022): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2060.2022.00154.

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Abstract Background Diabetic osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disorder characterized by bone loss in diabetic patients, which causes an enormous social burden due to the unsatisfactory outcome of current therapeutic strategy. Methods Based on the importance of inflammasome activation in diabetic osteoporosis, we evaluated the protective effect of an antioxidant, rosmarinic acid (RA) in diabetic osteoporosis. Bone marrow-derived monocytes isolated from rats were treated with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony stimulating factor to differenti

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20

Mundy, GR. "28. Cytokines and bone resorption." Bone 9, no. 4 (1988): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(88)90066-x.

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21

Martin, T. "Uncoupling anabolism from bone resorption." Bone 44 (June 2009): S203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2009.03.016.

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22

Hodkin, V., RGG Russell, and JA Gallagher. "P68. The effect of tenidap on bone resorption in an avian osteoclast resorption assay." Bone 15, no. 2 (March 1994): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(94)90801-x.

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23

Orcel, P., M. Feuga, J. Bielakoff, and M. C. De Vernejoul. "Local bone injections of LPS and M-CSF increase bone resorption by different pathways in vivo in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 264, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): E391—E397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1993.264.3.e391.

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We investigated the local in vivo action of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a potent monocyte activator, and of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), a hemopoietic growth factor influencing monocyte differentiation, on bone resorption in normal female 8-wk-old rats. LPS (2 injections of 0.5 microgram), M-CSF (2 injections of either 12.5, 25, 100, or 500 ng), or vehicle was injected into bone marrow space through a thin catheter implanted, under hydrochloride anesthesia, in the distal end of the right femur. Histomorphometry was performed after staining of the tartrate-resistant acid phosphat

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24

Lloyd, Shane A. J., Neil D. Travis, Teng Lu, and Ted A. Bateman. "Development of a low-dose anti-resorptive drug regimen reveals synergistic suppression of bone formation when coupled with disuse." Journal of Applied Physiology 104, no. 3 (March 2008): 729–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00632.2007.

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Safe and effective countermeasures to spaceflight-induced osteoporosis are required to mitigate the potential for mission-critical fractures and ensure long-term bone health in astronauts. Two anti-resorptive drugs, the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZOL) and the anti-receptor activator of NF-κB ligand protein osteoprotegerin (OPG), were investigated to find the minimum, comparable doses that yield a maximal increase in bone quality, while minimizing deleterious effects on turnover and mineralization. Through a series of five trials in normally loaded female mice ( n = 56/trial), analysis of

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25

Meir, Tomer, Ronen Levi, Liesbet Lieben, Steven Libutti, Geert Carmeliet, Roger Bouillon, Justin Silver, and Tally Naveh-Many. "Deletion of the vitamin D receptor specifically in the parathyroid demonstrates a limited role for the receptor in parathyroid physiology." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 297, no. 5 (November 2009): F1192—F1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00360.2009.

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1,25(OH)2D3 decreases parathyroid hormone (PTH) gene transcription through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Total body VDR−/− mice have high PTH levels, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and bone malformations. To investigate PTH regulation by the VDR specifically in the parathyroid, we generated parathyroid-specific VDR knockout mice ( PT-VDR−/−). In both strains, there was a decrease in parathyroid calcium receptor (CaR) levels. The number of proliferating parathyroid cells was increased in the VDR−/− mice but not in the PT-VDR−/− mice. Serum PTH levels were moderately but significantly increased

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26

Teti, A., P. C. Marchisio, and A. Z. Zallone. "Clear zone in osteoclast function: role of podosomes in regulation of bone-resorbing activity." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 261, no. 1 (July 1, 1991): C1—C7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1991.261.1.c1.

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The adhesion of osteoclasts to the bone matrix is mandatory for bone resorption. Contact of the osteoclast with bone surface induces, in fact, cell polarization and organization of the resorbing apparatus, the so-called “ruffled border.” Cell-matrix interaction in osteoclasts is a complex phenomenon resulting from formation of the “clear zone,” a cytoplasmic area presenting the adhering plasma membrane, or “sealing membrane.” The sealing membrane surrounds the ruffled border and seals the resorbing compartment, namely the extracellular space in which bone resorption takes place. Adhesion at th

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27

Frick, Kevin K., John R. Asplin, Christopher D. Culbertson, Ignacio Granja, Nancy S. Krieger, and David A. Bushinsky. "Persistence of 1,25D-induced hypercalciuria in alendronate-treated genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming rats fed a low-calcium diet." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 306, no. 9 (May 1, 2014): F1081—F1087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00680.2013.

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Genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming (GHS) rats demonstrate increased intestinal Ca absorption, increased bone resorption, and reduced renal tubular Ca reabsorption leading to hypercalciuria and all form kidney stones. GHS have increased vitamin D receptors (VDR) at these sites of Ca transport. Injection of 1,25(OH)2D3 (1,25D) leads to a greater increase in urine (u)Ca in GHS than in control Sprague-Dawley (SD), possibly due to the additional VDR. In GHS the increased uCa persists on a low-Ca diet (LCD) suggesting enhanced bone resorption. We tested the hypothesis that LCD, coupled to inhibiti

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28

LERNER, U. H., L. JOHANSSON, M. RANSJÖ, J. B. ROSENQUIST, F. P. REINHOLT, and A. GRUBB. "Cystatin C, an inhibitor of bone resorption produced by osteoblasts." Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 161, no. 1 (August 1997): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-201x.1997.d01-1933.x.

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29

Chen, Yu-Si, Qi Guo, Li-Juan Guo, Ting Liu, Xian-Ping Wu, Zhang-Yuan Lin, Hong-Bo He, and Tie-Jian Jiang. "GDF8 inhibits bone formation and promotes bone resorption in mice." Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 44, no. 4 (March 27, 2017): 500–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1440-1681.12728.

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30

Rousselle, A. V., and D. Heymann. "Osteoclastic acidification pathways during bone resorption." Bone 30, no. 4 (April 2002): 533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s8756-3282(02)00672-5.

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31

Manolagas, S. C. "Role of cytokines in bone resorption." Bone 17, no. 2 (August 1995): S63—S67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(95)00180-l.

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32

Sissons, H. A., G. J. Kelman, and G. Marotti. "Bone resorption in calcium-deficient rats." Bone 6, no. 5 (1985): 345–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(85)90328-x.

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33

Camerino, Claudia, Adriana Di Benedetto, Graziana Colaianni, Roberto Tamma, Giovanni Greco, Maurizio Strippoli, Rosaria Vergari, Antonella Grano, Lucia Mancini, and Alberta Zallone. "In vitro bone resorption during spaceflight." Bone 42 (March 2008): S35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2007.12.052.

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34

Zeng, Canjun, Helen Goodluck, Xuezhong Qin, Bo Liu, Subburaman Mohan, and Weirong Xing. "Leucine-rich repeat kinase-1 regulates osteoclast function by modulating RAC1/Cdc42 Small GTPase phosphorylation and activation." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 311, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): E772—E780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00189.2016.

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Leucine-rich repeat kinase-1 (Lrrk1) consists of ankyrin repeats (ANK), leucine-rich repeats (LRR), a GTPase-like domain of Roc (ROC), a COR domain, a serine/threonine kinase domain (KD), and WD40 repeats (WD40). Previous studies have revealed that knockout (KO) of Lrrk1 in mice causes severe osteopetrosis, and a human mutation of Lrrk1 leads to osteosclerotic metaphysial dysplasia. The molecular mechanism by which Lrrk1 regulates osteoclast function is unknown. In this study, we generated a series of Lrrk1 mutants and evaluated their ability to rescue defective bone resorption in Lrrk1-defici

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35

Wei, Cheng-Ming, Yi-Ji Su, Xiong Qin, Jia-Xin Ding, Qian Liu, Fang-Ming Song, Shao-Hui Zong, Jiake Xu, Bo Zhou, and Jin-Min Zhao. "Monocrotaline Suppresses RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro and Prevents LPS-Induced Bone Loss In Vivo." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 48, no. 2 (2018): 644–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000491892.

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Background/Aims: Extensive osteoclast formation plays a critical role in bone diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis and the aseptic loosening of orthopedic implants. Thus, identification of agents that can suppress osteoclast formation and bone resorption is important for the treatment of these diseases. Monocrotaline (Mon), the major bioactive component of crotalaria sessiliflora has been investigated for its anti-cancer activities. However, the effect of Mon on osteoclast formation and osteolysis is not known. Methods: The bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) were cultured with M

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36

Bushinsky, D. A., K. Gavrilov, V. M. Stathopoulos, N. S. Krieger, J. M. Chabala, and R. Levi-Setti. "Effects of osteoclastic resorption on bone surface ion composition." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 271, no. 4 (October 1, 1996): C1025—C1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1996.271.4.c1025.

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Osteoclasts are responsible for resorption of bone mineral. To determine how osteoclasts alter bone surface ion composition, neonatal mouse bone cells were isolated and cultured in the presence of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on bovine cortical bone. Surface ion composition of the resulting osteoclastic resorption pits was compared with that of unresorbed bone, utilizing a high-resolution scanning ion microprobe. Cortical bone cultured with cells in the presence of PTH had numerous resorption pits. The unresorbed area adjacent to the pits had a ratio of surface 23Na/40Ca of 18.7 + 1.6 (mean count

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37

Chole, Richard A. "Osteoclasts in Chronic Otitis Media, Cholesteatoma, and Otosclerosis." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 97, no. 6 (November 1988): 661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948809700615.

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Bone resorption and remodeling are characteristic of chronic otitis media with and without cholesteatoma and otosclerosis. The consequences of this remodeling process may be hearing loss, repeated infection, vestibular disturbance, or intracranial complications. Evidence of osteoclastic bone resorption was found in surgical specimens of 11 of 24 cases of cholesteatoma, two of three cases of chronic otitis media, and three of ten cases of otosclerotic stapes; all three spongiotic lesions had osteoclasts. With careful serial sectioning these cells are almost always multinucleate and have the typ

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38

Gross, Ted S., Nagako Akeno, Thomas L. Clemens, Svetlana Komarova, Sundar Srinivasan, David A. Weimer та Sergey Mayorov. "Selected Contribution: Osteocytes upregulate HIF-1α in response to acute disuse and oxygen deprivation". Journal of Applied Physiology 90, № 6 (1 червня 2001): 2514–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.90.6.2514.

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Loss of mechanical loading, or disuse, rapidly precipitates locally mediated bone resorption. However, the pathway by which this process is initiated and mediated is poorly understood. In this study, we used a complementary in vivo and in vitro approach to determine whether disuse-induced osteocyte hypoxia resulted in upregulation of the hypoxia-dependent transcription factor HIF-1α. We found that acute disuse (1–5 days) resulted in a significant increase in the percentage of osteocytes staining positive for HIF-1α vs. normal bone (30.9 ± 6.1 vs. 14.1 ± 3.8%) and that this response was uniform

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39

Alexander, R. T., D. G. Fuster, and H. Dimke. "Mechanisms Underlying Calcium Nephrolithiasis." Annual Review of Physiology 84, no. 1 (February 10, 2022): 559–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-052521-121822.

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Nephrolithiasis is a worldwide problem with increasing prevalence, enormous costs, and significant morbidity. Calcium-containing kidney stones are by far the most common kidney stones encountered in clinical practice, and thus, hypercalciuria is the greatest risk factor for kidney stone formation. Hypercalciuria can result from enhanced intestinal absorption, increased bone resorption, or altered renal tubular transport. Kidney stone formation is complex and driven by high concentrations of calcium-oxalate or calcium-phosphate in the urine. After discussing the mechanism mediating renal calciu

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40

Bellinger, Robert G., and Robert L. Pienkowski. "NON-RANDOM RESORPTION OF OOCYTES IN GRASSHOPPERS (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 117, no. 9 (September 1985): 1067–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent1171067-9.

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AbstractResorption of terminal oocytes was investigated in 3 species of grasshoppers, Melanoplus femurrubrum femurrubrum (DeGeer), M. scudderi (Uhler), and Hippiscus ocelote (Saussure). Significant differences in percentage resorption were found between species. Anterior ovarioles resorbed terminal oocytes more frequently than ovarioles in the middle and posterior regions of the ovaries. Resorption of terminal oocytes due to differences in relative ovariole age does not appear to be a factor in percentage resorption based on the lengths of developing terminal oocytes. There was no difference i

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41

Frings-Meuthen, Petra, Judith Buehlmeier, Natalie Baecker, Peter Stehle, Rolf Fimmers, Francisca May, Goetz Kluge, and Martina Heer. "High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses." Journal of Applied Physiology 111, no. 2 (August 2011): 537–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00454.2011.

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We examined, in immobilization, the effect of a diet high in sodium chloride (NaCl) on bone markers, nitrogen balance, and acid-base status. Eight healthy male test subjects participated in a 14-day head-down-tilt bed rest (HDBR) study. During the bed rest period they received, in a randomized crossover design, a high (7.7 meq Na+/kg body wt per day) and a low (0.7 meq Na+/kg body wt per day) NaCl diet. As expected, 24-h excretion of urinary calcium was significantly greater in the high-NaCl-intake HDBR phase than in the low-NaCl-intake HDBR phase ( P < 0.001). High NaCl intake caused a 43–

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42

Ryan, A. S., M. S. Treuth, M. A. Rubin, J. P. Miller, B. J. Nicklas, D. M. Landis, R. E. Pratley, C. R. Libanati, C. M. Gundberg, and B. F. Hurley. "Effects of strength training on bone mineral density: hormonal and bone turnover relationships." Journal of Applied Physiology 77, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 1678–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1994.77.4.1678.

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The effects of a 16-wk strength-training program on bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 21 men [age 61 +/- 1 (SE) yr]. Sixteen men (age 59 +/- 2 yr) served as control subjects. To investigate the possible hormonal relationships underlying the effects on BMD, serum concentrations of growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor I, and testosterone were determined before and after training. In addition, osteocalcin and skeletal alkaline phosphatase (markers of bone formation) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (a marker of bone resorption) were measur

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43

Chai, Lijuan, Kun Zhou, Shaoxia Wang, Han Zhang, Na Fan, Jie Li, Xiaofeng Tan, Limin Hu, and Xiang Fan. "Psoralen and Bakuchiol Ameliorate M-CSF Plus RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Resorption Via Inhibition of AKT and AP-1 Pathways in Vitro." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 48, no. 5 (2018): 2123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000492554.

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Background/Aims: Psoralen and bakuchiol are the main active compounds found in the traditional Chinese medicine Psoralea corylifolia L., and have been used to treat osteoporosis. This study aims to investigate the anti-osteoporosis effects of these two compounds using osteoclasts precursor differentiation and bone absorption assays in vitro. Methods: Primary mouse osteoclasts precursor cells were induced by M-CSF (macrophage colony stimulating factor) plus RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand) in vitro. TRACP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) enzyme activity and tolui

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44

Deng, Jiezhong, Dong Sun, Fei Luo, Qiang Zhang, Feifan Chen, Jianzhong Xu та Zehua Zhang. "Anti-IFN-γ Antibody Promotes Osteoclastogenesis in Human Bone Marrow Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Co-Cultured with Tuberculosis-Activated Th1 Cells". Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 49, № 4 (2018): 1512–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000493455.

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Background/Aims: Tuberculosis induces bone loss and activates Th1 cells that play an important role in the host defense of Bacille Calmette-Guérin tuberculosis vaccine. However, the role of tuberculosis-activated Th1 cells in differentiation of osteoclast precursors to osteoclasts is unclear. As secretion of IFN-γ in Th1 cells is induced by tuberculosis, we aimed to investigate the role of anti-IFN-γ antibody on the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts in bone marrow monocyte-derived macrophages (BMMs). Methods: BMMs were isolated and co-cultured with CD4+T helper 1 cells (Th1 cells),

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45

Naot, Dorit, David S. Musson, and Jillian Cornish. "The Activity of Peptides of the Calcitonin Family in Bone." Physiological Reviews 99, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 781–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00066.2017.

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Calcitonin was discovered over 50 yr ago as a new hormone that rapidly lowers circulating calcium levels. This effect is caused by the inhibition of calcium efflux from bone, as calcitonin is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption. Calcitonin has been in clinical use for conditions of accelerated bone turnover, including Paget’s disease and osteoporosis; although in recent years, with the development of drugs that are more potent inhibitors of bone resorption, its use has declined. A number of peptides that are structurally similar to calcitonin form the calcitonin family, which currently inclu

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46

Hayashi, H., Y. Kuroki, K. Hirakawa, Y. Imazato, and M. Hirakawa. "Mechanism of bone resorption in hip prosthesis." Pathophysiology 1 (November 1994): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0928-4680(94)90582-7.

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47

Marcus, R. "Biochemical assessment of bone resorption and formation." Bone 18, no. 1 (January 1996): S15—S16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(95)00375-4.

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48

Dickson, G. R., and R. A. B. Mollan. "Mineralization and resorption in vanishing bone disease." Bone 6, no. 6 (January 1985): 482–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(85)90284-4.

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49

Croucher, P. I., N. J. Garrahan, and J. E. Compston. "12. Resorption cavity characteristics in renal osteodystrophy." Bone 12, no. 4 (1991): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(91)90089-2.

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50

Bonucci, E., G. Silvestrini, P. Ballanti, M. L. Brandi, S. Benvenuti, and A. Martelli. "Effects of Ipriflavikashe on bone resorption and." Bone 13, no. 5 (July 1992): A4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(92)90472-9.

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