Готові списки джерел за темами / Rock discontinuity sets

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Rock discontinuity sets"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 23 вересня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Rock discontinuity sets":

Prakoso, Widjojo Adi. "Lower Bound Capacity of Strip Footings on Rock Masses with Two Discontinuity Sets." Indonesian Geotechnical Journal 1, no. 2 (August 30, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.56144/igj.v1i2.10.

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This paper presents a lower bound model for predicting the rock strip footing bearing capacity. The model is based on strip footings on rock masses with two sets of ubiquitous, closed discontinuities. The model considers explicitly the strength of the intact rock and the discontinuities, as well as the number and orientation of the discontinuities. The validation of the model is presented. The parametric study of footings on rock masses with two discontinuity sets having the same strength is performed, and the results are reported graphically in detail. The bearing capacity is controlled primarily by the rock structures (number of discontinuity sets and orientation) and the discontinuity strength, and it is controlled by the intact rock strength for a very limited number of cases. The minimum bearing capacity factor is independent of the intact rock friction angle, but it is a linear function of discontinuity cohesion. The bearing capacity factor is also presented in terms of its ratio to UCS; the ratio for the maximum bearing capacity is rather insignificantly affected by intact rock friction angle, and not linearly correlated to discontinuity cohesion. The bearing capacity factor for rock masses with low discontinuity strengths tends to be more sensitive to any variation in discontinuity orientation. There are some exceptions to the above points, suggesting that there would always be some rock mass conditions leading to unexpected rock footing bearing capacities and therefore good characterization processes of rock masses would always be essential. The practical significant of this study is briefly discussed.

Bolla, Alberto, Alberto Beinat, Paolo Paronuzzi, and Chiara Peloso. "Combined Field and Structure from Motion Survey to Identify Rock Discontinuity Sets of Aa Shallow Rockslide." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 906, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/906/1/012103.

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Abstract The present work shows the results of a combined field and Structure from Motion (SfM) survey performed on the detachment surface of a shallow rockslide that occurred in the Rosandra Valley (Trieste, NE Italy), which was aimed at testing the use of 3D models obtained from Remote Sensing (RS) techniques to identify joint sets affecting unstable rock masses. According to discontinuity orientation data acquired from the field (N = 223), the investigated rock mass is affected by at least nine joint sets characterised by a notable variability. The extraction of joint sets from the 3D point cloud representing the surveyed rock outcrop was strongly sensitive to the point cloud density and the values of the controlling parameters of the density function embedded within the discontinuity extractor. This work demonstrates that, in order to properly identify rock joint sets, the exclusive application of a RS approach cannot fully substitute the traditional field survey, and the estimation of discontinuity sets should be integrated with joint orientation data acquired using a geological compass. To maximise its capabilities, the semi-automatic discontinuity set extraction from 3D point clouds should always be supported by a significant statistical sample of joint orientation measurements that are preliminarily collected from the field.

Jimenez-Rodriguez, R., and N. Sitar. "A spectral method for clustering of rock discontinuity sets." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 43, no. 7 (October 2006): 1052–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2006.02.003.

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Gao, Feng, Dapeng Chen, Keping Zhou, Wenjing Niu, and Hanwen Liu. "A Fast Clustering Method for Identifying Rock Discontinuity Sets." KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 23, no. 2 (December 17, 2018): 556–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12205-018-1244-7.

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Jimenez, R. "Fuzzy spectral clustering for identification of rock discontinuity sets." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 41, no. 6 (November 13, 2007): 929–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-007-0155-6.

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Kulatilake, Pinnaduwa H. S. W. "3-D Rock Mass Strength Criteria—A Review of the Current Status." Geotechnics 1, no. 1 (August 8, 2021): 128–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geotechnics1010007.

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The presence of complex discontinuity patterns, the inherent statistical nature of their geometrical parameters, the uncertainties involved in the estimation of the discontinuity geometrical and geo-mechanical properties and complex three dimensional (3-D) in-situ stress make the accurate prediction of rock mass strength a difficult task. It has been a great challenge for the rock mechanics and rock engineering professions to develop a rock mass strength criterion in three dimensions that incorporates the effect of the minor and intermediate principal stresses and captures the scale dependent and anisotropic properties resulting from the discontinuity geometry parameters, such as the number of discontinuity sets, 3-D discontinuity intensity, and the distributions of the discontinuity orientation and size. Rock mechanics and rock engineering researchers have dealt with this topic for more than 55 years. The paper provides a critical review of the current state of the art regarding 3-D jointed rock mass strength criteria. The shortcomings of several rock mass strength criteria are discussed. The historic development of rock mass strength criteria that incorporate the effect of the minor and intermediate principal stresses and capture the scale dependent and anisotropic properties is presented. The most advanced 3-D rock mass strength criteria currently available in the literature are presented, including suggested future improvements.

Slob, Siefko, Bart van Knapen, Robert Hack, Keith Turner, and John Kemeny. "Method for Automated Discontinuity Analysis of Rock Slopes with Three-Dimensional Laser Scanning." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1913, no. 1 (January 2005): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105191300118.

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Three-dimensional (3D) laser scanning data can be used to characterize discontinuous rock masses in an unbiased, rapid, and accurate manner. With 3D laser scanning, it is now possible to measure rock faces whose access is restricted or rock slopes along highways or railway lines where working conditions are hazardous. The proposed method is less expensive than traditional manual survey and analysis methods. Laser scanning is a relatively new surveying technique that yields a so-called point cloud set of data; every single point represents a point in 3D space of the scanned rock surface. Because the density of the point cloud can be high (on the order of 5 mm to 1 cm), it allows for an accurate reconstruction of the original rock surface in the form of a 3D interpolated and meshed surface using different interpolation techniques. Through geometric analysis of this 3D mesh and plotting of the facet orientations in a polar plot, it is possible to observe clusters that represent different rock mass discontinuity sets. With fuzzy k-means clustering algorithms, individual discontinuity sets can be outlined automatically, and the mean orientations of these identified sets can be computed. Assuming a Fisher's distribution, the facet outliers can be removed subsequently. Finally, discontinuity set spacings can be calculated as well.

Wu, Xiang, Fengyan Wang, Mingchang Wang, Xuqing Zhang, Qing Wang, and Shuo Zhang. "A New Method for Automatic Extraction and Analysis of Discontinuities Based on TIN on Rock Mass Surfaces." Remote Sensing 13, no. 15 (July 23, 2021): 2894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13152894.

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Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) can quickly and accurately obtain 3D point clouds on the surface of rock masses, and on the basis of this, discontinuity information can be extracted automatically. This paper proposes a new method to automatically extract discontinuity information from 3D point clouds on the surface of rock masses. This method first applies the improved K-means algorithm based on the clustering algorithm by fast search and find of density peaks (DPCA) and the silhouette coefficient in the cluster validity index to identify the discontinuity sets of rock masses, and then uses the hierarchical density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (HDBSCAN) algorithm to segment the discontinuity sets and to extract each discontinuity from a discontinuity set. Finally, the random sampling consistency (RANSAC) method is used to fit the discontinuities and to calculate their parameters. The 3D point clouds of the typical rock slope in the Rockbench repository is used to extract the discontinuity orientations using the new method, and these are compared with the results obtained from the classical approach and the previous automatic methods. The results show that, compared to the results obtained by Riquelme et al. in 2014, the average deviation of the dip direction and dip angle is reduced by 26% and 8%, respectively; compared to the results obtained by Chen et al. in 2016, the average deviation of the dip direction and dip angle is reduced by 39% and 40%, respectively. The method is also applied to an artificial quarry slope, and the average deviation of the dip direction and dip angle is 5.3° and 4.8°, respectively, as compared to the manual method. Furthermore, the related parameters are analyzed. The study shows that the new method is reliable, has a higher precision when identifying rock mass discontinuities, and can be applied to practical engineering.

Liu, Tiexin, Jun Zheng, and Jianhui Deng. "A new iteration clustering method for rock discontinuity sets considering discontinuity trace lengths and orientations." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 80, no. 1 (July 18, 2020): 413–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10064-020-01921-9.

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Lukačić, H., M. Krkač, S. Bernat Gazibara, Ž. Arbanas, and S. Mihalić Arbanas. "Detection of geometric properties of discontinuities on the Špičunak rock slope (Croatia) using high-resolution 3D Point Cloud generated from Terrestrial Laser Scanning." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1124, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1124/1/012006.

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Abstract Rock mass characterization is a very important part of engineering geological investigation. For a better understanding of the rock mass behaviour, it is crucially important to obtain as much as possible information about the discontinuity network, especially about orientation and the number of dominant discontinuity sets. The traditional methodology includes field mapping which dominantly produces a limited amount of data and consequently only a rough estimate about discontinuity network. To increase the number of measurements and to eliminate orientation bias, rock mass on the Špičunak rock slope in Gorski kotar, Croatia, was analysed using a combination of 3D Point Cloud and Textured Mesh Model generated from 3D Point Cloud by Poisson surface reconstruction. Both models were obtained from Terrestrial Laser Scanning. Two considerably different parts of a rock slope, with different weathering conditions and different degrees of fracturing were mapped. Discontinuities were mapped in the field and on the models using manual mapping techniques and semi-automated methods. Manual mapping on a 3D Point Cloud and Textured Mesh Model was done by Compass plugin and by Trace a polyline tool in Cloud Compare software version V2.12 and semi-automated mapping methods were done by Discontinuity Set Extractor and qFacet Fast Marching plugin for Cloud Compare software version V2.12. This study was used to show how the application of different methodologies, for the detection of geometric properties of discontinuities, influences the result. Statistical analyses were performed on the collected data to determine differences in the accuracy between the mapping techniques. Manual mapping on the 3D Point Cloud and high-resolution Textured Mesh Model showed good agreement with field measurements, apart from the higher number of discontinuities mapped by remote sensing methods. On the other hand, significant deviations were found between manual and semi-automated mapping techniques. Semiautomated methods did not correctly detect certain discontinuities, especially bedding planes that are perpendicular to a rock face. Also, semi-automated methods overestimate the number of discontinuity sets, especially in a highly weathered and highly fractured rock mass. These differences between methods can influence kinematic analysis results. Based on the results, an appropriate methodology was proposed to utilize the advantages of both manual and semiautomated methods. The proposed approach presents a powerful tool to accurately map and measure discontinuity orientation with results comparable to the field measurements.

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Дисертації з теми "Rock discontinuity sets":

Assali, Pierre. "Modélisation géostructurale 3D de parois rocheuses en milieu ferroviaire : application aux ouvrages en terre." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAD009.

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Ce travail de thèse vise une optimisation des méthodologies de modélisation géostructurale, permettant d'aboutir à une meilleure gestion des aléas rocheux affectant le système ferroviaire. La caractérisation géométrique des massifs rocheux est entreprise grâce à une classification des modèles en sous-ensembles correspondant aux principales familles de discontinuités. En parallèle de cette caractérisation automatisée, une seconde approche dite manuelle a été examinée. Cette approche combine données tridimensionnelles (nuages de points denses) et support photographique (images 2D). Les données sur les discontinuités planaires, traditionnellement acquises manuellement en certains points nécessairement accessibles du massif, résultent désormais de l'analyse des modèles couvrant l'ensemble de l'ouvrage. Ce projet a permis le développement d'un outil de modélisation améliorant la connaissance du patrimoine rocheux sans engager la sécurité du personnel, ni la capacité de la ligne ferroviaire
This project aims at an optimization of geostructural modeling methodolgies, leading to a better knowledge and a better management of the rock risk impacting the railway system. Acquired 3D models are exploited in order ton convert 3D point clouds into geostructural analysis. Hence, we have developed a semi-automatic process that allows 3D models to be combined with the results of field surveys in order to provide more precise analyses of rock faces, for example, by classifying rock discontinuities into subsets according to their orientation. A second approach is proposed, combining both 3D point clouds (from LiDAR or image matching) and 2D digital images. Combining these high-quality data with the proposed automatic and manual processing method greatly improves the geometrical analysis of rock faces, increases the reliability of structural interpretations, and enables reinforcement procedures to be optimized

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Rock discontinuity sets":

Hua, J. H., C. F. Leung, G. P. Ong, and B. N. Hong. "Clustering rock discontinuity sets through Gustafson–Kessel (GK) algorithm and validity index." In International Conference on Earth Science and Environmental Protection (ICESEP2013). Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/icesep130281.

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