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Статті в журналах з теми "Scope emission"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 червня 2025

Оновлено: 2 серпня 2025

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1

Mitchie, M. Roa. "Greenhouse gas emission: A case in the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines-Oroquieta." Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) 25, no. 2 (2024): 8–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15347531.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has temporarily decreased the greenhouse gas emissions of the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines-Oroquieta. However, as the pandemic became manageable, face-to-face classes were reimplemented in 2022, therefore utilizing laboratories and facilities to comply with the respective course requirements of the students, which caused an increase in emissions. Using the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, this study estimates the total entity-level greenhouse gas emission of the campus for the base year 2022 under business-as-us

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2

Satya, Ririn Regiana Dwi, Laela Chairani, Yulita Veranda Usman, and Nur Yulianti Hidayah. "Carbon footprint in potato chips agroindustry supply chain: A case study in Garut, Indonesia." BIS Energy and Engineering 2 (May 31, 2025): V225034. https://doi.org/10.31603/biseeng.237.

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Supply chain activities in potato chips agro-industry contributed to carbon emissions, including transportation of potato from field to factory (scope 1), product processing in factory (scope 2) and delivery of product to retailers (scope 3). The objectives of this research were to establish carbon footprint model in potato chips agro-industry considering the environmental impacts, determine the highest emission contributor and suggest managerial improvement for reaching more sustainable supply chain. To reach these goals, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach was applied. The results showed th

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3

Windi Mulia Nofta Fani, Febri Juita Anggraini, and Hariestya Viareco. "Estimation of the Carbon Footprint of Campus Activities at the Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, After the Covid19 Pandemic." JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 17, no. 2 (2025): 146–58. https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v17i2.2025.146-158.

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Introduction: The Covid19 pandemic altered campus activity patterns, impacting energy use and transportation. As operations resumed, universities became significant contributors to carbon emissions. Without intervention, these emissions risk accelerating environmental harm. This study estimates the post-pandemic carbon footprint of campus activities to provide a foundation for emission reduction strategies at the Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi. Methods: This quantitative descriptive study used surveys and observations at Universitas Jambi (2023) with 132 respondents via s

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4

Iamchamnan, Phuanglek, Somkiat Saithanoo, Thaweesak Putsukee, and Sompop Intasuwan. "Assessment of Carbon Footprint for Organization in Frozen Processed Seafood Factory and Strategies for Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction." Processes 13, no. 7 (2025): 1990. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13071990.

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This study aims to assess the carbon footprint for the organization of frozen processed seafood manufacturing plants and propose sustainable strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Organizational activity data from 2024 were utilized to evaluate the carbon footprint and develop targeted mitigation measures. The findings indicate that Scope 1 emissions amounted to 12,685 tons of CO2eq, Scope 2 emissions amounted to 15,403 tons of CO2eq, and Scope 3 emissions amounted to 31,564 tons of CO2eq. The total greenhouse gas emissions across all three scopes were 59,652 tons of CO2eq, with add

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5

Zaini, Suraya Nabilah, Azlin Mohd Azmi, and Annie Syazrin Ismail. "Energy Emissions Profile and Floating Solar Mitigation Potential for a Malaysia's State." Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 5, no. 2 (2023): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jees.v5i2.5923.

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The establishment of the National Low Carbon City Master Plan (NLCCM) by Malaysia's government presents a significant opportunity to minimize carbon emissions at the subnational or local scales, while simultaneously fostering remarkable economic potential. However, the lack of data management and understanding of emissions at the subnational level are hindering effective climate policies and planning to achieve the nationally determined contribution and carbon neutrality goal. There is an urgent need for a subnational emission inventory to understand and manage subnational emissions, particula

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6

GUPTA, ALKA TOMAR AND N. C. "Pathways to Carbon Neutrality and Scope Emissions in Indian Industries: An Analytical Approach Based on Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report (BRSR)." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND BIO-SCIENCE 39, no. 01 (2025): 133. https://doi.org/10.59467/jebs.2025.39.133.

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Reducing greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions have become one of the primary priorities of government bodies and private industries alike. Ever since the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) mandated the filing of the Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report (BRSR) for the top 1000 listed industries in the Indian stock market, Indian public industries now have to strive to become eco-friendly or risk public outrage. The Business BRSR format classifies emission into three different scopes based on their sources and those scope emissions have their particular ideal way toward decar

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7

Adhikari, Sandesh, and Rajib Pokhrel. "Study on the Carbon Footprint of Schools in Pokhara, Nepal." Himalayan Journal of Applied Science and Engineering 5, no. 2 (2025): 173–83. https://doi.org/10.3126/hijase.v5i2.74787.

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Academic institutions are significant contributors to carbon emissions due to large student populations, high energy use, waste generation, and extensive transportation demands. This study estimated the Carbon Footprint (CF) of eight public and private schools in Pokhara Metropolitan City (PMC) using the GHG Protocol across three scopes: (1) emissions from school buses and fuels, (2) electricity consumption, and (3) emissions from staff and student vehicles, waste, canteen fuels, textbooks, and paper. Schools with over 1,000 students were sampled through purposive and random sampling, ensuring

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8

Wróbel-Jędrzejewska, Magdalena, Ewelina Włodarczyk, and Łukasz Przybysz. "Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions of a Mill According to the Greenhouse Gas Protocol." Sustainability 16, no. 24 (2024): 11214. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411214.

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This article discusses the challenges of adapting to and mitigating climate change through sustainable resource management in the agri-food sector. These aspects are mandatory obligations for businesses under new EU directives and regulations. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions must be controlled at every stage of the value chain, from the acquisition of raw materials to transportation and cooperation with suppliers. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the areas generating GHG emissions in the agri-food enterprise toward the development of guidelines for the sustainable development of domestic

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9

Vargas-Salgado, Carlos, Carla Montagud-Montalvá, David Alfonso-Solar, and Lucía Izquierdo-De-Andrés. "Toward Carbon Neutrality: A Methodological Approach for Assessing and Mitigating Urban Emissions at the Neighborhood Level, Applied to Benicalap, Valencia." Sustainability 17, no. 11 (2025): 5150. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115150.

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This study presents a methodology for estimating the carbon footprint of urban neighborhoods as a necessary step in proposing and evaluating potential GHG reduction measures to enhance the sustainability of cities. Additionally, this method has been applied to Benicalap, a district in Valencia, Spain. This research employs the Datadis, QGIS, and HOMER tools to assess emissions across Scopes 1, 2, and 3. Tailored mitigation strategies are proposed, primarily focusing on reducing emissions in Scopes 1 and 2. While previous studies have extensively examined CO2 emissions at broader geographic sca

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10

Freitas, Danielle, and Helena Gervásio. "SCOPE 3 CARBON EMISSIONS IN SEAPORTS." ce/papers 7, no. 1-2 (2024): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.3027.

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AbstractGrowing concern about carbon emissions and their environmental impact has led the port sector to assess and reduce their carbon footprint. Scope 3 mobile source emissions, especially related to maritime transportation, play a significant role in this scenario. This study analyses methodologies and tools for calculating Scope 3 emissions, highlighting the main features and shortcomings through case studies. Among the main identified gaps are the lack of standardization and the limited availability of port data. Digitization and its integration with a universal approach present an opport

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11

Zamora-Mendoza, José Luis, and Luisa Anabel Palacios-López. "Cálculo de la huella de carbono en la granja avícola “Maravilla 3” en Manabí, Ecuador." Innova Science Journal 3, no. 3 (2025): 1–27. https://doi.org/10.63618/omd/isj/v3/n3/67.

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The carbon footprint is a key indicator for measuring the environmental impact of poultry farming. In Ecuador, this sector has grown by 27%, prompting the adoption of sustainable practices. At “Maravilla 3” poultry farm in Manabí, the carbon footprint was assessed using a two-phase methodology: identifying greenhouse gas (GHG) emission sources and calculating emissions in tons of CO₂ equivalent. Scope 1 emissions, related to fuel and LPG use, were the highest, followed by Scope 2 (electricity consumption) and Scope 3 (waste management). The results highlight the implementation of good environm

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12

Nikensari, Sri Indah, Ega Nurdiyanto, Wong Sing Yun, and Siti Fatimah Zahra. "Sustainable Exports to the European Union from ASEAN Countries: Is There an Impact of Low Carbon Economy?" International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 14, no. 4 (2024): 616–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.16389.

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Trade and climate change are thought to be closely related. Sustainable trade cooperation with European Union (EU) countries is often linked to the issue of climate action and low carbon emissions. This research aims to examine the low carbon economy and the economic distance of ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand) towards their exports to EU countries. A low carbon economy is measured by the intensity of GHG emissions, analysed from three scopes, namely CO2 from manufacturing and industrial processes (part of scope-1), CO2 from electricity consumption (part

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13

Sharma, Avinash Kumar, and Dr Sanjay Kumar Sharma. "A Review on a Case Study of Calculating Carbon Footprint and Cultivating Carbon Sinks in Educational Institute." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 6 (2025): 2372–79. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.72658.

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The escalating concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in Earth's atmosphere, driven by anthropogenic activities, poses a critical threat, leading to global warming and climate change. This review paper synthesizes current knowledge on the greenhouse effect and the quantification of emissions through carbon footprint assessment, with a particular emphasis on the building sector. Globally, buildings and construction contribute significantly, accounting for over 34% of energy demands and 37% of energy and process-related CO2 emissions in 2022, with a consistent growth trend. The paper outlines

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14

Savic, Marina, Nebojsa Redzic, Jovan Jovanovic, and Mica Jovanovic. "Quality assurance of the Serbian national E-PRTR register reported data for large combustion plants." Chemical Industry 66, no. 1 (2012): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind110310065s.

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The Serbian E-PRTR register (The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register) was established in 2007 and harmonized with PRTR protocol of Arhus convention and E-PRTR directive. In this paper, the quality of 2009 data reported to the Serbian PRTR register was analyzed. The analysis includes 37 large combustion plants with the capacity equal or greater than 50 MW. The combustion plants include power plants, heating plants and industrial energy units. The calculation is done using EMEP/EEA 2009 methodology and Tier 2 approach. The analysis obtained presents an overview of the quality of the

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15

Kim, Kyeong-Tae, and Ik Kim. "The Significance of Scope 3 GHG Emissions in Construction Projects in Korea: Using EIA and LCA." Climate 9, no. 2 (2021): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli9020033.

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In Korea, a greenhouse gas (GHG) environmental impact assessment (EIA) has been conducting since 2012, which sets the evaluation procedures and methods for GHG items during the EIA. However, the current EIA on GHG emissions can support wrong decision-making because the evaluation does not consider Scope 3 GHG emissions. Accordingly, this study proposed the life cycle EIA (LCEIA) method to identify changes in GHG emissions that need to be managed by considering Scope 3 GHG emissions in construction projects. The LCEIA method incorporates life cycle CO2 (LCCO2) including Scope 1, Scope, and Scop

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16

Hong, Yiseul, and Jooyoung Park. "Greenhouse Gas Emissions of an Urban Water System in Korea: A case study of Paju city." Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 45, no. 8 (2023): 357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2023.45.8.357.

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Objectives : This study assessed the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in the urban water system from a life cycle perspective in the city of Paju. It serves as a case study to provide a quantitative basis for the net-zero water management.Methods : The scope of the study included the centralized local water supply and inter-basin water import system (water abstraction facilities, water treatment plants, pump stations, and water pipelines), wastewater system (wastewater pipelines, pump stations, and wastewater treatment plants, public industrial wastewater treatment plants, on-site wastewater tre

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17

Park, Yujin, Junbeum Kim, Daeseung Kyung, and Hung-Suck Park. "Characterization of Greenhouse Gases Emissions by Economic Sectors Using Environmentally Extended Input-Output Analysis (EEIOA)." Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 44, no. 9 (2022): 308–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2022.44.9.308.

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Objectives : As climate change deepened, the concept of 2050 carbon neutrality was introduced. The COP 26 Glasgow Agreement strengthened the national greenhouse gases (GHGs) target of 2030. However, there are controversies over the feasibility of these GHGs reduction goals, considering the economic sectors energy policy and the attributes of GHGs emissions. Taking this into consideration, this study aimed to formulate the 2017 Environmentally Expanded Input-output Table to analyze the characteristics of GHGs emissions in Korea's economic sectors.Methods : The carbon dioxide emission was calcul

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18

Melville-Rea, Kate, and Stefan K. Arndt. "Net-Zero Heroes? Climate Change Mitigation Efforts and Strategies across Australian Group-of-Eight Universities." Sustainability 16, no. 7 (2024): 2937. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16072937.

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Businesses are increasingly declaring their operations to be “carbon neutral” or “net-zero”. But how real are these claims? We investigated the climate mitigation efforts of the eight leading universities in Australia and discovered that the actual emission reductions lag behind the net-zero rhetoric. In the last ten years, most universities increased energy consumption, while reported emissions plateaued. The energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of Group-of-Eight (Go8) universities were influenced by size and population growth, climate of the campus location, and energy efficiencie

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19

Wang, Jun, Xuejuan Yu, Xi Hai, Zhu Ming, and Yousen Yang. "Carbon emission monitoring method and empirical study of expressway construction period." E3S Web of Conferences 528 (2024): 03019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202452803019.

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In order to improve the ability of carbon emission management in expressway construction, the precision management of carbon emission is realized. In this paper, the construction period carbon emission monitoring method is proposed, the carbon emission monitoring scope is defined, and the carbon emission monitoring content and method are determined. On this basis, taking the Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge project as an example, analyze the monitoring data of construction carbon emissions. The results of the study showed that from July to December, the total carbon emission from construction

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20

Cheramie, Lance, and Mahendran Balasubramanian. "Sustainability Measures of the Apparel Industry: A Longitudinal Analysis of Apparel Corporations’ Sustainability Efforts." Sustainability 16, no. 15 (2024): 6681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16156681.

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Climate change is a paramount challenge of our era, with profound implications for various sectors, including the apparel industry, known for its extensive environmental footprint throughout the entire clothing lifecycle. This study assesses the industry’s carbon emission trends using six years of data (2017–2022) focusing on Scope 1 and Scope 2. Employing a one-way repeated measures ANOVA, this study evaluates the impact of sustainability strategies on emissions. The results indicate a notable decrease in Scope 2 and overall carbon emissions, while Scope 1 emissions remain relatively unchange

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21

Prabandani, Diah, Alifia Herlyana, and Ajeng Puspitaning Pramayu. "The major impact of coal mining service activities to GHG emissions: Case study at PT Bukit Makmur Mandiri Utama (BUMA) jobsite Binsua and Lati." E3S Web of Conferences 485 (2024): 06007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448506007.

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Indonesia is ranked 9th as a country contributing 1.6% to total global emissions and is committed to reducing GHG emission targets unconditionally by 29% and conditionally by 41 % compared to the business as is a scenario of 834 Mt CO2e and 1,185 Mt CO2e, respectively, in 2030. Mining industry has been viewed as one of the largest contributors to GHG emission with a specific process that inevitably generates it. Mobile sources produce direct GHGs of CO2, CH4, and N2O. This study is intended to compare the results of the emission intensity and impact of coal mining production activities as the

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22

Lum, Brandon X., Hubert M. Tay, Rachel X. Phang, Steven B. Tan, and Eugene H. Liu. "Evaluating a hospital’s carbon footprint – A method using energy, materials and financial data." Journal of Hospital Administration 11, no. 2 (2022): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jha.v11n2p33.

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Background: Healthcare systems have to prepare for climate change’s health impact, while reducing healthcare’s contribution to global warming. Most evaluations of healthcare’s greenhouse gas emissions involve national level methodologies.Objective: As sustainability metrics become a key factor in hospital management, the paper describes a method for quantifying emissions at a large tertiary care hospital in Singapore.Methods: Hospital operational and financial data was used to determine the greenhouse gas effect of the hospital. Emission factors from government and academic sources were used f

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23

Kasman, Monik, Anggrika Riyanti, and Novia Rezki Apriani. "Estimasi Jejak Karbon dari Aktivitas Kampus Universitas Batanghari." Jurnal Daur Lingkungan 3, no. 2 (2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/daurling.v3i2.52.

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Every individual or agency activity will generate greenhouse gas emissions which could be countable and expressed as equivalent to carbon dioxide. One of the activities that produce carbon emissions is activities carried out on the campus, one of which is Batanghari University. Batanghari University consists of 5 faculties, namely the Faculty of Teacher Training and Science, Faculty of Law, Faculty of Economics, Faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Agriculture with a total population of Batanghari University of 5,582 people including 5,278 students, 210 lecturers and 94 education staff. This

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24

Suchona, Maimuna Akter, Seeratus Sabah, and Mamun Habib. "A Study on Carbon Emission in Logistics Industry: Creating Awareness to Reduce." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 18, no. 10 (2024): e08865. http://dx.doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n10-202.

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Objective: Climate change is a reality we cannot ignore and now more than ever we need visible action irrespective of our geographic location or economic status. This study explores the multifaceted hurdles impeding scope 3 emission reduction initiatives within the logistic sector, challenges that create barriers in their investment decisions, regulatory pressures, unavailability of technology and monitoring support, etc. Theoretical Framework: Globally, alerts are being created for climate actions that are lacking and resulting in huge gaps between the target set and covered. Bangladesh is le

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25

Mani, Jeanette, Francis Mani, Srikanth Subbarao, and Atul Raturi. "Carbon Footprinting and Mitigation Strategies for the USP Marine Campus." Journal of Pacific Studies 38, no. 1 (2018): 39–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.33318/jpacs.2018.38(1)-3.

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The quest for a low carbon footprint (CF) has prompted many institutions around the world, such as universities, among others, to take stock of their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The CF assessment and its reporting are seen as a first step towards sustainability through planning for anthropogenic carbon emissions reduction. Carbon emissions–related activities of The University of the South Pacific (USP) Marine Campus) were investigated and then evaluated for potential reduction opportunities. A CF model for the campus’s CO2e emissions was developed. The results from the model estimated the

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26

Nguyen, Trang Thi Quynh, Wataru Takeuchi, Prakhar Misra, and Sachiko Hayashida. "Technical note: Emission mapping of key sectors in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, using satellite-derived urban land use data." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 4 (2021): 2795–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2795-2021.

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Abstract. Emission inventories are important for both simulating pollutant concentrations and designing emission mitigation policies. Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) is the biggest city in Vietnam but lacks an updated spatial emission inventory (EI). In this study, we propose a new approach to update and improve a comprehensive spatial EI for major short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) (SO2, NOx, CO, non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), PM10, PM2.5, black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), NH3, CH4, N2O and CO2). Our originality is the use of satellite-derived u

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27

Guastella, Gianni, Stefano Pareglio, and Caterina Schiavoni. "An Empirical Approach to Integrating Climate Reputational Risk in Long-Term Scenario Analysis." Sustainability 15, no. 7 (2023): 5886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15075886.

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We propose an empirical approach to estimate the impact of climate transition risk on corporate revenues that specifically accounts for reputational risk. We employ the information on disclosed Scope 3 emissions to proxy companies’ carbon footprint along the value chain. A threshold regression is employed to identify the emission level above which reputational risk impacts revenues, and we link this impact to a climate policy stringency indicator. We estimate the threshold regression on a sample of companies within the European Union (EU), and find the threshold at around the 70th percentile o

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28

Liang, Da Min, Xun Lai Tu, and Hui Ling Cao. "The Comparative Study of the Evaluation Method Calculating Aircraft Emission around the Airport." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 1630–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.1630.

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The scope of civil aviation transportation ranges from ground to upper air, which the impact of emission varies at the vertical geographical altitude. The aircraft emissions near the airport have very bad effects on the low-altitude environment. The LTO emission calculating methods based on ICAO、EPA and FAA have been analyzed, then the emission results have been calculated and done the comparative study in this paper. The sameness and difference have been remarked on the EI, TIM of the calculation methods. At last the paper refers to the some concerns at the time of developing emission evaluat

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29

Thanawala, Zaid. "Using life cycle assessment to improve Scope 3 emissions reporting and enable actionability." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation 1, no. 1 (2020): 63–67. https://doi.org/10.54660/.ijmrge.2020.1.1.63-67.

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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) enhances Scope 3 emissions reporting by systematically evaluating environmental impacts across a product's life cycle. Scope 3 emissions, encompassing indirect greenhouse gas emissions from supply chains, often represent the largest share of an organization’s carbon footprint. Accurate measurement and reporting are essential for sustainability initiatives, yet challenges arise due to data variability, boundary-setting complexities, and lack of standardized methodologies. LCA mitigates these issues by identifying emission hotspots, improving transparency, and fosteri

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Fransisca, Septiani, Bernadette Robiani, Inten Meutia, and Yusnaini Yusnaini. "Development of Carbon Emission Disclosure Indicators in Indonesia and Analysis of Determining Factors." Qubahan Academic Journal 4, no. 3 (2024): 242–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.48161/qaj.v4n3a617.

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The first objective of this research is to develop indicators of carbon emission disclosure in Indonesia, while the second objective is to analyse the determinants of carbon emission disclosure. This research resulted in the development of carbon emission disclosure indicators. The development recommendations were derived from a review of scientific literature. The results of the recommendation are 14 theme indicators as a measure in carbon emissions disclosure and also become dependent variable of this research. Furthermore, this research analyses various determinants that affect carbon emiss

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Leung, Yat Nam, Paul Dargusch, and Genia Hill. "Review of the Carbon Management Strategies of Retail Industry in Energy Consumption and the Whole Value-Chain of the Product - A Case Study of Auchan Holding." Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research 3, no. 3 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2203031.

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Many multinational retail companies are exposed to financial risk related to climate change. Carbon management is important in keeping global temperature increases below 1.5°C to prevent the exacerbated impacts of climate change. Auchan Retail in Auchan Holding provides a good example of carbon management in the retail sector. Auchan Retail’s major emissions are the indirect emissions throughout their value chain (scope 3 emissions). The total estimated emission of scopes 1, 2 and 3 are 37,822,573.9 t CO2e. The firm has reduced these by improving energy efficiency, combating food waste and alt

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Walczak, Paweł. "Sustainable and ecological construction with autoclaved aerated concrete." Cement Wapno Beton 29, no. 2 (2024): 132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32047/cwb.2024.29.2.4.

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The article is an introduction to the scope of legal requirements regarding CO2 emissions in the autoclaved aerated concrete industry. It addresses the issue of applicable regulations regarding ESG reporting, divided into individual scopes. The article presents the history of autoclaved aerated concrete as a universal and ecological material from the beginning of its development. It outlines the possibilities of achieving zero emission in the AAC industry, and the dependence of these goals on the country’s decarbonization plan. Additionally, it analyzes existing environmental product declarati

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Zuhria, S. A. "Global warming impact study on carrageenan flour product using life cycle assessment (LCA) approach." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1063, no. 1 (2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1063/1/012013.

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Abstract The increasing demand for carrageenan flour products in various industries was directly proportional to the potential environmental impact generated. The environmental impact was global warming (GW) caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The industry was one of the producers of GHG emissions from materials, energy, and waste produced. Hence, it hoped that it could improve the eco-friendlier production system. This study aimed to analyze GHG emissions generated in the life cycle of carrageenan flour products and give an alternative strategy for environmental improvement. This resear

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Phophe, Paulina A., and Mmoto L. Masubelele. "Carbon Footprint Assessment in Nature-Based Conservation Management Estates Using South African National Parks as a Case Study." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (2021): 13969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413969.

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Nature-based conservation management (NBCMs) estates are seen as natural solutions to climate change and hence immune to harmful greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, NBCMs, in their daily operations to protect and conserve biodiversity, may result in GHG emissions. These may come as a significant carbon burden. This is the first study based on a literature review to look at the carbon footprint of an entire conservation estate operation and management. South African National Parks (SANParks) aimed to contribute to national targets by reducing their fossil-fuel-generated energy consumption

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Rahnama Mobarakeh, Maedeh, and Thomas Kienberger. "Climate Neutrality Strategies for the Chemical Industry Using a Novel Carbon Boundary: An Austrian Case Study." Energies 18, no. 6 (2025): 1421. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18061421.

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The chemical industry is a key driver of economic growth and innovation but remains one of the largest contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Achieving sustainability demands advancements in green chemistry and cleaner production methods. This study investigates emission reduction strategies across Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 by applying both top-down and bottom-up approaches within four system boundaries. The Austrian chemical sector, with a focus on ammonia, methanol, and olefins, serves as a case study. Results highlight the potential of abatement technologies and alternative fee

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Yanti, Putri Dwi, Zayyan Ahmad Nuryaddin, and Isnalita Isnalita. "Polusi Dan Saham : Investigasi Dampak Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Terhadap Return Saham." owner 9, no. 3 (2025): 1809–17. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v9i3.2757.

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This study examines the impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission levels on stock returns of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2018-2022. Using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method and data from the Osiris and Bloomberg databases, this study analyzes a sample of 146 companies. The results show that GHG emissions have a significant negative impact on stock returns. These findings underscore that investors consider GHG emissions as an indicator of environmental risk in their investment decisions. The study also highlights the importance of transparency in emissi

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Roa, Mitchie. "Entity-level Greenhouse Gas Emission of University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines-Oroquieta." American Journal of Environment and Climate 1, no. 3 (2022): 6–11. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajec.v1i3.665.

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Presently, climate change is still one of the pressing environmental concerns in the world generally caused by greenhouse gas emission. Among the greenhouse gases emitted by various sources, carbon dioxide contributes largely to the emission. In this study, the entity-level greenhouse gas emission of the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines-Oroquieta for Year 2020 was estimated following the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Based on the results, emission from mobile combustion sources was estimated to be 0.0895 tCO2e while emission from stat

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Guerrero-Lucendo, Antonio, Fuensanta García-Orenes, Jose Navarro-Pedreño, and David Alba-Hidalgo. "General Mapping of the Environmental Performance in Climate Change Mitigation of Spanish Universities through a Standardized Carbon Footprint Calculation Tool." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 17 (2022): 10964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710964.

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Higher education institutions (HEIs) can be considered role models of small cities that contribute to the fight against climate change. Therefore, assessing their own carbon footprints (CFs) and drawing conclusions gives significance to this study. In this study, 77 CFs from 14 HEIs were obtained through a tool developed by the Spanish Government. They were analyzed along with different variables and recalculated using the same standardized activity ratios. As a result, a general mapping of the environmental performance in climate change mitigation of Spanish universities has been obtained. Al

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Wang, Xiu-Teng, Jing Liu, Shuo Yang, et al. "Feasibility study on the formulation of air non-point source emission standard in China." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1011, no. 1 (2022): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1011/1/012021.

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Abstract Emission standards of air pollutants are the legal basis for environmental management. Compared with the point source emission, the non-point source pollution of the air is mostly unorganized, which has the characteristics of large scope, random, hidden and difficult to control. It is difficult to take effective measures to control pollution, and the emission standard of atmospheric non-point source pollution is basically blank. In order to design a scientific and reasonable standard system, we have summarized the characteristics of atmospheric non-point source pollution, summarized t

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Dong, Hongchuan, Ye Gu, and Jihong Zhang. "Heterogeneity of Grid Emission Factor Accounting in China: Temporal Resolution, Spatial Resolution, and Energy Distribution." E3S Web of Conferences 580 (2024): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202458002008.

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Grid emission factor has become the most critical variable in carbon market quota allocation and carbon footprint accounting of international trade products. Different grid emission factors will lead to great differences in carbon emissions of enterprises or products. It is found that the temporal resolution, spatial resolution and energy distribution of cogeneration have great influence on the emission factors of power grid. This paper uses the data of China’s power industry to carry out empirical analysis. For each dimension, we set different choices and explore their specific impacts. It is

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Sadhukhan, Jhuma. "Net-Zero Action Recommendations for Scope 3 Emission Mitigation Using Life Cycle Assessment." Energies 15, no. 15 (2022): 5522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155522.

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Greenhouse gas emissions anywhere across the value chain cause the global temperature to rise. A responsible net-zero strategy is reducing and removing direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions. The current net-zero actions aim to offset rather than reduce or remove life cycle greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Unless the demands/consumptions are reduced, net-zero actions will merely be a burden-shifting practice. Scope 3 emissions are considered in the life cycle assessment (LCA) of goods and services and account for direct and indirect emissions with imported goods and services. Scope 3 emis

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Zheng, Hai Ming, and Tie Qiao Guo. "Technical Study on Flue Gas Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems for Power Plant." Advanced Materials Research 846-847 (November 2013): 692–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.846-847.692.

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Monitoring emissions of air pollution sources has become a complex and contentious issue. Regulations for continuous monitoring of these sources have expanded dramatically in scope over the past years. To demonstrate compliance with emission limits, and as required by Pollution Control Board, the power plant shall have a Continuous Emission Monitoring (CEM) System installed in each flue of the stack for each unit. This paper will mainly design a set of CEM system for flue gas from power plant. The measurement shall conform to EPA regulations.

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Bhardwaj, Ritika, and Pawan Kumar Attri. "Carbon Footprint Analysis and Environmental Initiatives: A Case Study of Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, H.P., INDIA." Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology 22, no. 4 (2023): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4511.

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Carbon footprints (CFs) serve as a metric for quantifying the release of greenhouse gases (GHGs) attributable to a specific organization or activity. Taking a step towards fostering sustainable practices in education institution involves reporting CF levels within college campuses. This research centers on computing the carbon footprint of Himachal Pradesh University's Shimla campus (2020-2023), with a focus on understanding emissions trends, particularly the transition from lockdown (2020–2021) to post-lockdown (2021–2022 and 2022–2023) periods amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aims to ad

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Gramc, Jure, Rok Stropnik, and Mitja Mori. "A COMPANY’S CARBON FOOTPRINT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." Journal of Energy Technology 15, no. 3 (2023): 25–36. https://doi.org/10.18690/jet.15.3.25-36.2022.

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Climate changes are already here. And they will get much worse in time. The main reason for global warming is GHG emissions from anthropological sources. That includes transportation, industry, electricity production, agriculture, and others. The European Union has introduced a new Green Deal as an answer to climate change. The European Green Deal puts more pressure on companies to mitigate their carbon footprint and implement sustainable development. One of the basic steps in the analysis of the environmental profile of a company is the identification of hot spots by using the carbon footprin

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OLCZYK, Michał, Bartosz HEJNY, and Piotr BIELACZYC. "An overview of particle number emission from direct injection SI engine in scope of new legislation rules." Combustion Engines 163, no. 4 (2015): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-116858.

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The main advantages of using direct injection in an SI engine, such as lower fuel consumption and higher thermal efficiency, implicate a new problem concerning gasoline engines: the emission of particulate matter. The observed issue has been a significant direction of development of the contemporary DISI engine over the last decade. This paper contains an overview of the results of PN emission, which were obtained from experiments conducted at BOSMAL and from the literature. Current and future legal regulations regarding PN emissions were collated to the test results.

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Tathavadekar, Viraj P., and Dr Nitin R. Mahankale. "Digital Twin Architecture for Scope 3 Emission Transparency in Sustainable Supply Networks." Journal of Cross-Disciplinary Sustainability Innovations 1, no. 2 (2025): 17–25. https://doi.org/10.64229/cvvbkt77.

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The escalating urgency of climate change mitigation has intensified corporate focus on comprehensive supply chain emission monitoring, particularly Scope 3 emissions which represent 70-90% of organizational carbon footprints. Traditional emission tracking methods prove inadequate for managing complex, multi-tiered supply networks, creating an urgent need for innovative technological solutions. This research investigates how digital twin architecture transforms Scope 3 emission transparency through dynamic virtual representations of physical supply networks. The study employs a comprehensive li

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Xu, Fangyu. "A systematic literature review of carbon emissions in the Chinese construction industry." BCP Social Sciences & Humanities 19 (August 30, 2022): 675–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpssh.v19i.1810.

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In order to clarify the current situation of research on carbon emissions of China's construction industry and point out the research direction for the related research of carbon emissions in China and similar economies in the world, this study uses the systematic literature review method to screen the articles related to carbon emissions of China's construction industry from 2014 to 2021, and 134 papers were kept. These articles were analyzed from three aspects: carbon emission stages, research scope and research method. This study finds that: 1) in terms carbon emission stages, the amounts o

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Tomberlin, Kristen E., Richard Venditti, and Yuan Yao. "Life cycle carbon footprint analysis of pulp and paper grades in the United States using production-line-based data and integration." BioResources 15, no. 2 (2020): 3899–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.2.3899-3914.

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Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission levels are causing concern as climate change risks are growing, emphasizing the importance of GHG research for better understanding of emission sources. Previous studies on GHG emissions for the pulp and paper industry have ranged in scope from global to regional to site-specific. This study addresses the present knowledge gap of how GHG emissions vary among paper grades in the US. A cradle-to-gate life cycle carbon analysis for 252 mills in the US was performed by integrating large datasets at the production line level. The results indicated that one metric ton o

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Dong, Shengfei, Zehua Song, Zheyi Meng, and Ziyu Liu. "Biofuel–Electric Hybrid Aircraft Application—A Way to Reduce Carbon Emissions in Aviation." Aerospace 11, no. 7 (2024): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11070575.

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As global warming intensifies, the world is increasingly concerned about carbon emissions. As an important industry that affects carbon emissions, the air transportation industry takes on the important task of energy saving and emission reduction. For this reason, major airlines have designed or will design different kinds of new-energy aircraft; however, each aircraft has a different scope of application according to its energy source. Biofuels have an obvious carbon emission reduction effect in the whole life cycle, which can offset the drawback of the high pollutant emission of traditional

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Banhardt, Christoph, and Felix Hartenstein. "Uncertainties of Estimating a Town’s Carbon Footprint– Case Study El Gouna, Egypt." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 29, no. 1 (2019): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2019-0003.

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Abstract Carbon accounting has become a valuable tool for expressing the fossil energy demand of products, organizational entities, or entire countries. About a decade ago, cities also began accounting their carbon emissions. The first major city to do so was London in 2009, stating a carbon footprint of 4.84 tCO2eq/(year*capita) for 2008. Nowadays, multiple rankings compare the carbon emissions of cities. For example, the Urban Land Magazine lists São Paulo as the city with the world’s lowest carbon emissions (1.4 CO2eq/(year*capita)). Such listings typically present the depicted emission val

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