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Статті в журналах з теми "Sedative properties"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 28 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Deviatkina, Nataliia, Jha Sahil kumar, and Rauth Upasona. "The use of sedative medications, their prevalence, and their sedation of patients with disorders of consciousness, as well as the stimulating and sedative effects of alcohol." InterConf, no. 27(133) (November 20, 2022): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.11.2022.023.

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Анотація:

Medicinal sedatives are a class of drugs that reduce brain activity. You can usually utilise them to relax yourself. Sedatives are usually prescribed by doctors to address conditions like anxiety and sleep problems. Additionally, they are used as general anaesthetics. Regulated chemicals include sedatives.Sedatives, which include benzodiazepines, selective benzodiazepine receptor subtype agonists (z-drugs), and barbiturates, are commonly prescribed for anxiety or insomnia. These sedatives are considered banned substances because of the possibility of abuse and misuse. Self-medication (pharmace

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2

Gupta, Surabhi. "A comparative study of dexmedetomidine propofol and midazolam with respect to changes in mean arterial pressure and SpO2 after sedation at tertiary health care centre." MedPulse International Journal of Anesthesiology 16, no. 3 (2021): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26611/101516319.

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Background: Sedation is an important component of compassionate care in ICU patients to promote rest and sleep. The sedatives used most often include propofol and midazolam. These medications provide adequate sedation but also can cause oversedation. The α2 agonist dexmedetomidine have unique sedative properties that it produces only mild cognitive impairment, allowing easy communication between health-care provider and patient in the ICU. We therefore compared the sedative and analgesic properties, cardiovascular responses, ventilation and extubation characteristics, and patient perceptions o

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3

Bhatt‐Mehta, Varsha, and David A. Rosen. "Sedation in Children: Current Concepts." Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy 18, no. 4 (1998): 790–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.1998.tb03900.x.

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Sedation in children poses a great challenge, with the main concern one of safety. The importance of providing adequate sedation to children was realized only in the last decade and a half, and relevant data are severely lacking. Use of potent sedative agents is not without risk. Children are given sedative agents in a wide variety of settings by practitioners with different degrees of experience with the drugs and management of adverse effects. Controversial issues must be addressed in this area, and appropriate tools developed to measure sedation and individualize treatment based on the drug

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4

Kawauchi, Hideyuki, Kazuhiko Yanai, De-Yun Wang, Koju Itahashi, and Kimihiro Okubo. "Antihistamines for Allergic Rhinitis Treatment from the Viewpoint of Nonsedative Properties." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 1 (2019): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010213.

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Antihistamines targeting the histamine H1 receptor play an important role in improving and maintaining the quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis. For more effective and safer use of second-generation drugs, which are recommended by various guidelines, a classification based on their detailed characteristics is necessary. Antihistamines for first-line therapy should not have central depressant/sedative activities. Sedative properties (drowsiness and impaired performance) are associated with the inhibition of central histamine neurons. Brain H1 receptor occupancy (H1RO) is a useful

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5

Akhtar, Ahmed Bilal, Muhammad Khurram Ijaz, Adeel Bashir, and Ahsun Waqar Khan. "Intranasal Dexmedetomidine as Sedative for Non-Invasive Pediatric Diagnostic Procedures Outside Operating Room." Annals of King Edward Medical University 28, no. 2 (2022): 188–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5083.

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Background: Children often require sedation for long non-invasive diagnostic procedures. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, anxiolytic and analgesic properties. It mimics natural sleep and allows patients to easily arouse with minimal effects on respiration and airway patency. Objective: To assess the successful completion of pediatric non-invasive diagnostic procedures with intranasal dexmedetomidine as a sedative agent. Methods: Seventy-nine subjects of age six months to twelve years scheduled for non-invasive diagnostic procedures were included

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6

Halitoğullari, Nazlı, Ferit Yildiz, and Musa GenÇcelep. "Effects of Xylazin on sedative, analgesic and some liver enzymes in rats." Revista Científica de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias 35, no. 2 (2025): 9. https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e35612.

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This study was conducted to determine the sedation level of rats after using two different doses of Xylazine, to measure the damage that may occur in the liver, and to determine the change in pain response due to sedation. The use of analgesic substances is one of preferred methods in pain control studies. Analgesic effects are also present in drugs used for sedative purposes. Xylazine is used for pain relief, calming (sedative), sleep inducing (hypnotic), and striated muscle relaxation. It is also used for premedication purposes before using different anesthetic drugs. 24 rats used in the stu

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7

Miller, Jamie L., Christine Allen, and Peter N. Johnson. "Neurologic Withdrawal Symptoms Following Abrupt Discontinuation of a Prolonged Dexmedetomidine Infusion in a Child." Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics 15, no. 1 (2010): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-15.1.38.

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Анотація:

Dexmedetomidine is a α2-adrenergic agonist which possesses sedative, analgesic, and anxiolytic properties. It is approved for short-term use in adults to provide sedation while mechanically ventilated and for noninvasive procedural sedation. An increased number of anecdotal reports describe the use dexmedetomidine in children. Cardiovascular withdrawal symptoms have been reported in the literature. However, there have been few published reports of neurologic withdrawal symptoms following discontinuation of prolonged infusions of dexmedetomidine. We describe a 2 year-old child who received a pr

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8

Kornyushenkov, Evgeniy. "Alpha-2adrenoreceptor agonists. Dexmethedomidine." Russian veterinary journal 2024, no. 2 (2024): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32416/2500-4379-2024-2-47-51.

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Анотація:

Dexmethedomidine is a selective alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonist with a powerful sedative effect and analgesic properties. High selectivity of dexmedetomide (1620:1) makes it the optimal drug among all representatives of the alpha-2adrenoreceptor agonist class for use in relatively small animals. Dexmedetomidine is currently the most popular sedative used for premedication and sedation, as well as in multimodal analgesia in a constant-rate infusion mode in intensive care. In 2024, a domestic drug with the trade name «Dexody» of the pharmaceutical company «Apicenna» with the active substance dexme

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9

Sago, Teppei, Shunji Shiiba, Eika Ando, et al. "Sedation With a Combination of Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam for Pediatric Dental Surgery." Anesthesia Progress 65, no. 2 (2018): 124–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2344/anpr-65-03-14.

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Intravenous sedation (IVS) is commonly used to complete dental treatment for uncooperative pediatric patients. Propofol (PRO) is widely used for IVS because of its short context sensitive half-time and amnestic effect. However, administering PRO to patients who have a history of egg anaphylaxis is still somewhat controversial. The evidence that supports the potential risks for allergic reactions following PRO use in patients with egg allergies is limited with some anesthesiologists recommending against its use in these patients. Alternative drug regimens for procedural sedation in this populat

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10

Lim, Renly, Lisa M. Kalisch Ellett, Imaina S. Widagdo, Nicole L. Pratt, and Elizabeth Ellen Roughead. "Analysis of anticholinergic and sedative medicine effects on physical function, cognitive function, appetite and frailty: a cross-sectional study in Australia." BMJ Open 9, no. 9 (2019): e029221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029221.

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ObjectiveTo test the association between use of medicines with anticholinergic or sedative properties and physical function, cognitive function, appetite and frailty.Design, setting and participantsThis cross-sectional study analysed baseline data collected as part of the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a population-based cohort of 2087 participants aged 65 years or over living in South Australia.Main outcome measuresPhysical function was measured at baseline using measures including hand grip strength, walking speed, chair stands, activities of daily living and instrumental activitie

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11

Giebel, Heidi. "Ethical end-of-life palliative care: response to Riisfeldt." Journal of Medical Ethics 46, no. 1 (2019): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2019-105451.

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Анотація:

In a recent article, 1 Riisfeldt attempts to show that the principle of double effect (PDE) is unsound as an ethical principle and problematic in its application to palliative opioid and sedative use in end-of-life care. Specifically, he claims that (1) routine, non-lethal opioid and sedative administration may be “intrinsically bad” by PDE’s standards, (2) continuous deep palliative sedation (or “terminal sedation”) should be treated as a bad effect akin to death for purposes of PDE, (3) PDE cannot coherently be applied in cases where death “indirectly” furthers an agent’s intended end of pai

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12

Lu, Ming, Jian Liu, Xikun Wu, and Zhiqing Zhang. "Ciprofol: A Novel Alternative to Propofol in Clinical Intravenous Anesthesia?" BioMed Research International 2023 (January 19, 2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/7443226.

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Ciprofol is a novel compound that was independently developed in China. According to the Chinese product instructions approved by the China National Medical Products Administration and the information of official website, indications for ciprofol include sedation and anesthesia during the surgical/procedure of nontracheal intubation, induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, and sedation during intensive care. Ciprofol is a short-acting intravenous sedative based on the structural modification of propofol. Ciprofol has high efficacy, good selectivity, and fewer adverse reactions, indica

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13

Devendra Kamath, Pooja Bola Rajendra, Ashwin Udupa, Anitha Nileshwar, and Madhu Rao. "Comparison of Atomised Sublingual Dexmedetomidine and Oral Midazolam as Preanaesthetic Medication in Children - A Prospective, Double Blind, Randomised Control Trial." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 34 (2021): 2894–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/590.

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Анотація:

BACKGROUND Pre-operative anxiety is common in children and its relief is an important concern for the anaesthesiologist. Oral midazolam has good sedative and anxiolytic properties. Dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 agonist, produces sedation like natural sleep, in addition to having analgesic, anxiolytic and anaesthetic-sparing properties, making it a near ideal sedative. Alleviating this anxiety using minimally invasive and painless routes for sedative drugs is of paramount importance. The purpose of this study was to compare the sedation, child-parent separation, and mask acceptance between sublin

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14

Jung, Jang Han, Bomi Hyun, Jin Lee, Dong Hee Koh, Jung Hee Kim, and Se Woo Park. "Neurologic Safety of Etomidate-Based Sedation during Upper Endoscopy in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis Compared with Propofol: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 8 (2020): 2424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082424.

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(1) Background: Although etomidate-based sedation is an effective and safe protocol in endoscopic procedures, there is a lack of evidence regarding the safety of etomidate in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). This study aimed to compare the neurologic safety and efficacy of etomidate and propofol for endoscopic sedation in patients with LC. (2) Methods: From December 2017 to December 2019, consecutive cirrhotic patients who underwent sedative endoscopy using either etomidate or propofol were randomly recruited. The primary endpoint was the number connection test (NCT), and the secondary endp

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15

Stahl, Stephen M. "Selective Histamine H1 Antagonism: Novel Hypnotic and Pharmacologic Actions Challenge Classical Notions of Antihistamines." CNS Spectrums 13, no. 12 (2008): 1027–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900017089.

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Анотація:

Numerous “antihistamines” as well as various psychotropic medications with antihistamine properties are widely utilized to treat insomnia. Over-the-counter sleep aids usually contain an antihistamine and various antidepressants and antipsychotics with antihistamine properties have sedative-hypnotic actions. Although widely used for the treatment of insomnia, many agents that block the histamine H1 receptor are also widely considered to have therapeutic limitations, including the development of next-day carryover sedation, as well as problems with chronic use, such as the development of toleran

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16

Guthrie, David B., Martin R. Boorin, Andrew R. Sisti, et al. "Retrospective Comparison of Intramuscular Admixtures of Ketamine and Dexmedetomidine Versus Ketamine and Midazolam for Preoperative Sedation." Anesthesia Progress 68, no. 1 (2021): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2344/anpr-67-04-02.

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Precooperative children and patients with intellectual disabilities often require intramuscular (IM) sedation prior to the induction of general anesthesia (GA). Ketamine is an effective preinduction sedative but can produce significant adverse side effects. Dexmedetomidine, a sedative with sympatholytic and analgesic properties, may provide advantages when used in combination with ketamine. This retrospective study evaluated the efficacy and safety of IM ketamine with dexmedetomidine for preoperative sedation. We conducted a chart review of all patients (n = 105) treated for dental rehabilitat

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17

da Silva, Eduardo Rodrigues, Danilo Ribeiro de Oliveira, Patrícia Dias Fernandes, Humberto Ribeiro Bizzo, and Suzana Guimarães Leitão. "Ethnopharmacological Evaluation ofBreuEssential Oils fromProtiumSpecies Administered by Inhalation." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2924171.

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Background.Breuis an aromatic oleoresin which has been used by Amazonian traditional communities as a remedy for headaches and migraines by burning and inhaling the smoke produced during its combustion. This study evaluated the antinociceptive and sedative activities of formulations containingbreuessential oils administered by inhalation.Methods. Five different formulations (A–E) containingbreuessential oils were evaluated for their sedative and antinociceptive activities in mice. They were delivered for 20 minutes using an inhalation chamber coupled with a nebulizer and the air inside was col

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18

Song, Dajun, Mohamed A. Hamza, Paul F. White, Stephanie I. Byerly, Stephanie B. Jones, and Amy D. Macaluso. "Comparison of a Lower-lipid Propofol Emulsion with the Standard Emulsion for Sedation during Monitored Anesthesia Care." Anesthesiology 100, no. 5 (2004): 1072–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200405000-00007.

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Background The currently used emulsion formulations of 1% propofol contain 10% soybean oil. However, a new emulsion of 1% propofol (Ampofol) containing 50% less lipid has recently become available for clinical investigation. This study was designed to compare the pharmacodynamic properties of Ampofol with those of a standard formulation (Diprivan) when administered for intraoperative sedation. Methods Sixty healthy outpatients undergoing minor operations with local anesthesia were randomly assigned to receive either Ampofol (n = 31) or Diprivan (n = 29) for intravenous sedation. The sedation w

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19

Patil, Vasant P., Jacob Abraham, and Grace M. George. "Comparing dexmedetomidine and propofol for sedation and hemodynamic stability in cardio-thoracic intensive care unit for patients following off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 10, no. 2 (2021): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20210085.

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Background: Most patients in intensive care unit (ICU) require both sedation and analgesia to encourage natural sleep, facilitate assisted ventilation and modulate physiologic response to stress. The ideal sedative after Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) should have rapid onset, immediate resolution of both pain and anxiety, promote cardiac and respiratory stability, maintain a reusability during sedation, allow rapid recovery after discontinuation, and attenuate the cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and inflammatory response. All these properties may improve outcome in cardiac patients aft

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20

OBARO, P. O., and O. E. OBARO-ONEZEYI. "PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY AND EVALUATION OF THE ANESTHETIC PROPERTIES OF FERMENTED Datura stramonium (THORN APPLE) SEEDS IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS." African Journal of Health, Safety and Environment 5, no. 2 (2024): 76–84. https://doi.org/10.52417/ajhse.v5i2.545.

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Анотація:

Anesthetics and sedative drugs used in operative processes and for the treatment of insomnia have become a worldwide issue due to their side effects, thus the need for a cheaper remedy with lesser side effect. The fresh and dried fermented seeds of D. stramonium have been reported in folkloric medicine to be useful in recreational purposes as sedative and sleeping agents by the indigenes of Iguobazuwa community in Ovia South East Local Government Area in Edo State, Nigeria, but have not been reported scientifically. This research aimed to study the anesthetic properties of the fresh and dried

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21

Uesawa, Yoshihiro, Shigeru Hishinuma, and Masaru Shoji. "Molecular Determinants Responsible for Sedative and Non-sedative Properties of Histamine H1–Receptor Antagonists." Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 124, no. 2 (2014): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jphs.13169fp.

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22

Chabukswar, Anuruddha, Shalaka Abhyankar, and Rajesh Nanaware. "A REVIEW ON APPLICATIONS OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE (BXCL501) IN CNS DISORDERS." Journal of Advanced Scientific Research 13, no. 02 (2022): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.55218/jasr.202213201.

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Анотація:

A drug that subdues exhilaration and produces a calming effect in the subject without necessarily inducing sleep is referred to as sedative. The main system for action of these drugs is the Central Nervous System (CNS). Sedatives are slow working drugs with a levelled dose response curve. They act by modifying nerve responses in CNS to the brain which slows down brain activity thus relaxing the body. Gamma-amino-Butyric acid (GABA) is neurotransmitter which is responsible for retarding the brain functioning and sedatives increase the activity of GABA to produce more effect on the brain activit

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23

Khalafallah, Susan, Arushi Arvind, Hekmat Hammam, Ghassan Kloub, Shrutika Parekh, and Sameer Kapoor. "DEXMEDETOMIDINE: A VERSATILE, MULTITASKING ANESTHETIC AGENT FOR PERIOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT, A NARRATIVE REVIEW." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 07 (2024): 1415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19188.

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Анотація:

Dexmedetomidine stands out as a versatile anesthetic agent with a unique combination of sedative, analgesic, and sympatholytic properties, making it highly suitable for various perioperative applications. Its ability to provide arousable sedation, reduce opioid requirements, and maintain hemodynamic stability offers significant advantages in the perioperative management of surgical patients, particularly those with cardiovascular risks or a history of opioid use. The neuroprotective potential of dexmedetomidine further broadens its clinical applicability, especially in neurosurgical and trauma

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24

Marrazzo, Marialaura, Anna Galletti, Sara Solidoro, Andrea Ballaben, and Egidio Barbi. "Dexmedotomidina." Medico e Bambino 43, no. 9 (2024): 569–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.53126/meb43569.

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Анотація:

Procedural sedation is often required in paediatrics to execute diagnostic procedures. There are many sedative drugs that may be used, but all of them carry not negligible side effect risks and may not be easy to manage. The use of dexmedetomidine has increased in the last few years because of its sedation efficacy in painless procedures. Paediatricians should know the use of dexmedetomidine because of its sensational safety profile even in neonates, its administration route versatility, its neuroprotective properties and its in-home palliative care role in children with otherwise untreatable

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25

Day, Thomas K., and Cheryl K. Roge. "Evaluation of sedation in quail induced by use of midazolam and reversed by use of flumazenil." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 209, no. 5 (1996): 969–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1996.209.05.969.

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Анотація:

Objective To evaluate the sedative properties of 3 dosages of the benzodiazepine tranquilizer midazolam as a means of chemical restraint in quail (Colinus virginianus) and to evaluate the ability of the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil to reverse the sedative effects of midazolam Design Prospective randomized controlled trial Animals Study 1, 30 birds; study 2, 10 birds. Procedure 2 studies were performed. In the first study, 30 birds were randomly assigned to receive midazolam at a dosage of 2, 4, or 6 mg/kg of body weight (10 birds/dosage). Degree of sedation was evaluated by use of a nu

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26

Hindmarch, I., and Z. Shamsi. "Antihistamines: models to assess sedative properties, assessment of sedation, safety and other side-effects." Clinical & Experimental Allergy 29 (July 1999): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.1999.0290s3133.x.

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Sen, Jayashree, and Bitan Sen. "Evaluation of the merits of two drugs-dexmedetomidine and ketamine for day care hysteroscopic procedures." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 7 (2019): 2714. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20192905.

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Анотація:

Background: The aim was to compare the hemodynamic changes intra operatively and to ascertain the superior efficacy of the study drugs Dexmedetomidine, a highly selective alpha-2-adrenoceptor agonist having sympatholytic, dose dependent sedation, analgesic properties, amnestic effect without respiratory depression and Ketamine, a n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, a dissociative sedative hypnotic with potent analgesic properties and marked sympathomimetic effects, have been taken for day care (ambulatory) hysteroscopic procedures. The objectives are to evaluate the requirement of rescue

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28

Goracinova, К., К. Mladenovska, О. Gelevska, Е. Fredro-Kumbaradzi, М. Glavas-Dodov, and Ј. Nanceva. "Midazolam-sirupus, formulation and pharmacodynamic efficacy." Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin 47 (2001): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2001.47.001.

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Анотація:

Due to its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties (sedation, amnesia and relief of anxiety) Midazolam has become a commonly used agent for conscious sedation of children before diagnostic or therapeutic procedure or before induction of anesthesia. Considering the advantage of oral administration to avoid the additional trauma of starting an IV in the child, and the fact that there is no adequate dosage form (Midazolam - Syrupus) on the drug market in our country, the aim of the presented work was to formulate syrupus using syrupus base/aqueous solution of viscosity enhancer - HPMC, in

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29

Sadino, Asman, Sekar Ratih Pramesti, Suwendar Suwendar, and Riza Apriani. "UJI AKTIVITAS HIPNOTIK-SEDATIF EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% DAUN PATIKAN KEBO (Euphorbia hirta Linn) PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN GALUR SWISS WEBSTER." Pharma Xplore : Jurnal Sains dan Ilmu Farmasi 10, no. 1 (2025): 78–90. https://doi.org/10.36805/jpx.v10i1.10077.

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Анотація:

Sleep disorders such as insomnia are common health issues that significantly impact quality of life. Pharmacological therapies using hypnotic-sedative drugs often cause side effects, highlighting the need for alternative treatments derived from natural sources. One plant with potential hypnotic-sedative properties is patikan kebo (Euphorbia hirta L.). This study aimed to evaluate the hypnotic-sedative activity of 70% ethanol extract of patikan kebo leaves in male Swiss Webster mice. The extract was obtained through maceration using 70% ethanol and subsequently analyzed for phytochemical conten

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30

David, Hélène N., Norbert Balon, Jean-Claude Rostain, and Jacques H. Abraini. "Nitrogen at Raised Pressure Interacts with the GABAAReceptor to Produce Its Narcotic Pharmacological Effect in the Rat." Anesthesiology 95, no. 4 (2001): 921–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200110000-00021.

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Background Strong evidence supports the concept that conventional anesthetics, including inhalational agents and inert gases, such as xenon and nitrous oxide, interact directly with ion channel neurotransmitter receptors. However, there is no evidence that nitrogen, which only exhibits narcotic potency at increased pressure, may act by a similar mechanism. Methods We compared the inhibitory and sedative effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and nitrogen pressure on locomotor activity and striatal dopamine release in freely moving rats and investigated the pharmacologic properties of the GA

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31

Pan, Shi-Yue, Gang Liu, Jia-Hao Lin, and Yi-Peng Jin. "Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Premedication in Balanced Anesthesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Dogs." Animals 11, no. 11 (2021): 3254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11113254.

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Dexmedetomidine is commonly used in small animal anesthesia for its potent sedative and analgesic properties; however, concerns regarding its cardiovascular effects prevent its full adoption into veterinary clinical practice. This meta-analysis was to determine the effects of dexmedetomidine on sedation, analgesia, cardiovascular and adverse reactions in dogs compared to other premedications. Following the study protocol based on the Cochrane Review Methods, thirteen studies were included in this meta-analysis ultimately, involving a total of 576 dogs. Dexmedetomidine administration probably i

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32

Muhammad, Mohed Ahmad. "Physical Properties of Cyclestructure." American International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences 1, no. 1 (2019): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijbls.v1i1.31.

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Azo – cyclic derivatives are a part from a ring that has more than type of atoms. Nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur are often found along with carbon in heterocycles rings. Heterocycles derivatives are common in chemical chemistry, and many have fulfilled important physiological active in plant and animal kingdoms and have an important biological properties, such as, the antibiotic penicillin, sedative phenabarbital, and sugar replacing reagent saccharin, all having heterocycles ring.

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33

Meng, Zhiqiang, Lais F. Berro, Eileen K. Sawyer та ін. "Evaluation of the anti-conflict, reinforcing, and sedative effects of YT-III-31, a ligand functionally selective for α3 subunit-containing GABAA receptors". Journal of Psychopharmacology 34, № 3 (2019): 348–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881119882803.

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Background: In recent years, pharmacological strategies have implicated α3 subunit-containing GABAA (α3GABAA) receptor subtypes in the anxiety-reducing effects of benzodiazepines, whereas transgenic mouse approaches have implicated α2 or α5 subunit-containing GABAA receptors. Aims: We investigated the role of α3GABAA subtypes in benzodiazepine-induced behaviors by evaluating the anti-conflict, reinforcing, and sedative-motor effects of the novel compound YT-III-31, which has functional selectivity for α3GABAA receptors. Methods: Female and male rhesus monkeys were trained under a conflict proc

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34

Maritska, Ziske, Tri U. Pratiwi, Muhammad J. Aldwin, Clinton F. M. Sitanggang, and Ferdy Rahadiyan. "Pharmacogenomic Considerations In Propofol: A Review." Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research 8, no. 1 (2023): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15416/pcpr.v8i1.38749.

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Pharmacogenomics is one of the pivotal fields of science in the era of precision medicine. It helps provide an understanding of what causes the differences in terms of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a particular drug in patients. Hence, this leads to better efficacy. This branch of medicine also applies to sedative drugs in the anesthesia field, one of which is propofol. Changes in propofol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties might lead to toxicity and inadequate sedation. This review wishes to better understand how pharmacogenomics is applied in anesthesia, especially i

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35

Aljohani, Abdullah S. M., Fahad A. Alhumaydhi, Abdur Rauf, Essam M. Hamad, and Umer Rashid. "In Vivo and In Vitro Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of Compounds Isolated from Micromeria biflora (Buch. Ham. ex D.Don) Benth." Molecules 27, no. 11 (2022): 3377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27113377.

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Micromeria biflora, a traditional medicinal plant, is extensively used for treating various painful conditions, such as nose bleeds, wounds, and sinusitis. A phytochemical investigation of the chloroform fraction of Micromeria biflora led to the isolation of salicylalazine. Salicylalazine was assessed in vivo for analgesia, muscle relaxation, sedative, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as in vitro for COX-1/2 inhibition activities. It was assessed against a hot plate-induced model at different doses. The muscle relaxant potential of salicylalazine was evaluated in traction and inclined

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36

Santos, Kely Cristina dos, Stella Maris Tessaro Figura Kurtz, Simony Davet Müller, Maique Weber Biavatti, Rúbia Maria Monteiro Weffort de Oliveira, and Cid Aimbiré de Moraes Santos. "Sedative and anxiolytic effects of methanolic extract from the leaves of Passiflora actinia." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 49, no. 4 (2006): 565–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132006000500005.

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Leaves from several Passiflora species are largely employed in the Brazilian folk medicine as anxiolytic and sedative. In this work the anxiolytic, sedative-like properties and liquid chromatography analysis of methanolic extract of Passiflora actinia were evaluated. The methanol extract and all of its fractions presented significant sedative-like effect in elevated plus-maze and open field tests. Only the aqueous fraction of the methanol extract showed selective anxiolytic activity (30 mg/kg). Chromatographic analysis of the active fractions showed the presence of isovitexin and absence of th

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37

Noguchi, Hideaki, Kazuhiro Kitazumi, Megumi Mori, Toshiharu Shiba, and Katsuyuki Nishiki. "Pharmacological properties of CL284,846, a new nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 71 (1996): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)36965-3.

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Yanai, Kazuhiko, Dongying Zhang, Manabu Tashiro, et al. "Positron emission tomography evaluation of sedative properties of antihistamines." Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 10, no. 4 (2011): 613–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14740338.2011.562889.

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Aljohani, Abdullah S. M., Fahad A. Alhumaydhi, Abdur Rauf, Essam M. Hamad, and Umer Rashid. "In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic, Sedative, and Muscle Relaxant Activities and Molecular Docking Analysis of Phytochemicals from Euphorbia pulcherrima." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (April 13, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7495867.

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Euphorbia pulcherrima is an important medicinal plant that is used in a traditional system for its curative properties such as analgesic potency, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, sedation potential, and antidepressant and cure of diseases such as skin diseases. This study deals with the isolation of two flavonoids namely spinacetin (1) and patuletin (2) from chloroform fraction of Euphorbia pulcherrima. The isolated compound spinacetin (1) and patuletin (2) were screened for in vivo anti-inflammatory, analgesic, sedative, and muscle relaxant effects. Compounds 1 and 2 were assessed against hot

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40

Dimitrov, Ivaylo V., and Elina E. K. Suonio. "Syntheses of Analogues of Propofol: A Review." Synthesis 52, no. 24 (2020): 3693–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1707287.

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AbstractPropofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is an intravenous sedative/hypnotic agent that is used extensively for introduction and maintenance of general anaesthesia, sedation of critically ill patients and procedural sedation (e.g., endoscopy). Propofol has a rapid onset and offset of action and shows only minimal accumulation upon prolonged use. Propofol is only sparingly soluble in water and is currently marketed in 10% soybean oil-based lipid emulsion. Propofol’s anaesthetic properties were discovered over forty years ago, and it has been in clinical use for over thirty years. The main use o

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41

Georgy, Djounda D., Ayissi M. E. Rigobert, Kandeda K. Antoine, Guessong, Ndelo D. Josaphat, and Dimo Théophile. "Sedative and Anxiolytic Properties of Aqueous Extract of Seeds of Picralima Nitida (Apocynaceae)." Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal 6, no. 5 (2019): 45–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13942106.

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This study aimed to assess the anxiolytic and sedative properties and influence on biochemical stress markers of aqueous extract of seeds of<em> Picralima nitida staph</em> . The effects of three doses (25, 50 and 90 mg/kg) administered <em>per os</em> have been compared to distilled water as negative control and 5 mg/kg (or 30 mg/kg) of intraperitoneal diazepam as positive control for anxiety test (or sedation test). Firstly the extract was screened to identify the major active compounds. Then behavioral tests including Elevated Plus-Maze (EPM), Open Field (OF), and Hole-board (HB) were used

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42

Guruprasad, M., Naidu K. Mohan, Prasad Ch Srinivas, et al. "Understanding Anti-Anxiety Medications, Muscle Relaxants and Sedative-Hypnotics in Dentistry." Journal of Research and Reviews in Dental Sciences 1, no. 1 (2024): 8–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11044660.

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<em>Dental anxiety is a general issue that influences many people. Often preventing them from seeking necessary dental care. To reduce this anxiety and ensure a comfortable experience, dentists may employ various medications. Among these are anti_ anxiety medications, core muscle relaxants and sedative_ hypnotics. Understanding these medications and their riles in dentistry is critical for both patients and dental professionals. Since benzodiazepines have relaxing properties, they are frequently utilized in dentistry. These drugs work by enhancing the effects of GABA, or gamma-aminobutyric aci

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43

Mytych, Wiktoria, and David Aebisher. ""Valeriana officinalis" – a review." European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 20, no. 3 (2022): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2022.3.2.

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Introduction and aim. "Valeriana officinalis" has been recognized in traditional medicine and used since ancient times for a variety of health ailments. It is mainly appreciated for its sedative and sleeping properties. Currently, scientists are conducting numerous studies on the exact chemical composition of valerian and the properties they carry in the human body. Material and methods. This paper presents a narrative review on valerian. Analysis of the literature. The desire to summarize information on the uses and properties of V. officinalis is presented. V. officinalis exhibits sedative,

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Dmytriiev, Dmytro, Oleksandr Nazarchuk, and Yuliana Babina. "Use of dexmedetomidine in complex treatment of patients in intensive care units." Perioperaciina Medicina 5, no. 1 (2022): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31636/prmd.v5i1.1.

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Sedation is an important aspect of adequate treatment of patients in the intensive care unit. Recent drug developments and new ventilation strategies provide improved sedation management that allows for better adaptation to the clinical condition and individual needs of the patient. This article provides an overview of the general principles of sedation of patients in intensive care units and focuses on a relatively new drug in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine — dexmedetomidine. Given the pandemic of coronavirus disease COVID-19, there was carried out a review of the international and dome

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45

Bahmani, Fariba, Hamidreza Kazemeini, Fatemeh Hoseinzadeh-Chahkandak, Tahereh Farkhondeh, and mahshid sedaghat. "Sedation with medicinal plants: A review of medicinal plants with sedative properties in Iranian ethnoblotanical documents." Plant Biotechnology Persa 1, no. 1 (2019): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/pbp.1.1.13.

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46

Fuchs, Perry N., Bradley Kerr, and Ronald Melzack. "Possible Nonopioid-Mediated Analgesia Produced by Methotrimeprazine in Rats." Pain Research and Management 1, no. 4 (1996): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1996/631681.

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BACKGROUND:Several reports in the 1960s demonstrated that methotrimeprazine (MTMZ), a phenothiazine derivative, is effective for treating acute and chronic pain. Although MTMZ has received little attention in recent decades, the fact that it derives from a class of drugs usually associated with cognitive and emotional processes, rather than the traditional analgesics, makes it interesting as a potential source of information about the mechanisms of analgesia.OBJECTIVE:To explore the analgesic properties of MTMZ in a dose-related design in the formalin test, and to examine whether the lowest do

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47

Lim, Jane W. H., Sri Kavi Subramaniam, Suriani Sukeri, and Ganasalingam Sockalingam. "Nitrous Oxide-Oxygen Inhalation Sedation in Paediatric Dental Patients: A Review." Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 28, no. 1 (2022): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.51407/mjpch.v28i1.163.

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Provision of sedation while delivering dental treatment to anxious paediatric patients aims in minimising their discomfort and psychological trauma, managing behaviour as well as controlling patient movements, using a technique with wide margin of safety. Nitrous oxide-oxygen inhalation sedation is one of the sedation methods commonly used to manage dental fear and anxiety. Its beneficial features include; potent anxiolytic effect, its sedative, analgesic as well as amnesic properties, titratability, rapid onset and recovery whilst carrying minimum risk. Modern dental inhalation sedation machi

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Feng, Xiao-Lin, Yang Yu, Da-Peng Qin, Hao Gao, and Xin-Sheng Yao. "Acorus Linnaeus: a review of traditional uses, phytochemistry and neuropharmacology." RSC Advances 5, no. 7 (2015): 5173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra12049c.

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Acorus Linnaeus is a herb used in many ancient medicinal systems. Phytochemical and neuropharmacological studies have revealed that many beneficial compounds possessed anticonvulsant, antiepileptic, neuroprotective, memory enhancing, and sedative properties.

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Takashima, Akira, and Shinji Itoh. "Neuropharmacological properties of V-9-M, a putative neuropeptide derived from procholecystokinin, in the rat." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 67, no. 3 (1989): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y89-037.

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It has been suggested that a nonapeptide called V-9-M (Val-Pro-Val-Glu-Ala-Val-Asp-Pro-Met) is produced by the processing of procholecystokinin. However, its physiological and pharmacological activities are not known. In the present study, synthetic V-9-M amide was injected into the lateral ventricle of the rat and its effects on general activities were observed. V-9-M caused a marked sedation; it suppressed spontaneous activity and hypermotility induced by thyrotropin-releasing hormone, methamphetamine, and apomorphine. Hypomotility induced by small doses of apomorphine was also decreased fur

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50

Muhammad, Naveed, Mohammad Saeed, Haroon Khan, Achyut Adhikari, and Khalid Mohammed Khan. "Muscle Relaxant and Sedative-Hypnotic Activities of Extract ofViola betonicifoliain Animal Models Supported by Its Isolated Compound, 4-Hydroxy Coumarin." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/326263.

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The crude methanolic extract of the whole plant ofViola betonicifolia(VBME) was investigated for anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, sleep induction, antidepressant, and sedative activities) to ascertain its scientific values. VBME showed a significant (P<0.05) dose dependent anxiolytic action in staircase test. In muscle relaxant paradigms, a dose dependent muscle relaxation was observed. For phenobarbitone sleep induction test, VBME notably (P<0.05) reduced the latency time and increased total sleeping duration. Our tested extract was found free of any antidepressant activity, while the movem

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