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Готові списки джерел за темами / Selfing ratio / Статті в журналах

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Статті в журналах з теми "Selfing ratio"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Ellison, Amy, Carlos Marcelino Rodríguez López, Paloma Moran, et al. "Epigenetic regulation of sex ratios may explain natural variation in self-fertilization rates." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1819 (2015): 20151900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1900.

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Self-fertilization (selfing) favours reproductive success when mate availability is low, but renders populations more vulnerable to environmental change by reducing genetic variability. A mixed-breeding strategy (alternating selfing and outcrossing) may allow species to balance these needs, but requires a system for regulating sexual identity. We explored the role of DNA methylation as a regulatory system for sex-ratio modulation in the mixed-mating fish Kryptolebias marmoratus. We found a significant interaction between sexual identity (male or hermaphrodite), temperature and methylation patt

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2

Huang, Xiaojuan, Minyu Chen, Linlin Wang, et al. "Phenotypic Selection in Halenia elliptica D. Don (Gentianaceae), an Alpine Biennial with Mixed Mating System." Plants 11, no. 11 (2022): 1488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11111488.

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The transition from outcrossing to selfing is a common evolutionary trend in flowering plants, and floral traits change significantly with the evolution of selfing. Whether or not plant traits are subjected to selection remains an open question in species with mixed mating systems. We examined phenotypic selection in two populations of Halenia elliptica with different selfing rates. We found that the pollen–ovule ratio, seed size, plant height, spur length, and pollinator visitation rate in the population with the higher selfing rate were lower than those in the population with the lower selfi

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3

Zhang, Rong-Yue, Wen-Feng Li, Ying-Kun Huang, et al. "Genetic analysis of sugarcane brown rust resistance genes in wild sugarcane germplasm Erianthus rockii ‘Yundian 95-19’ and Erianthus rockii ‘Yundian 95-20’." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 17, no. 5 (2019): 460–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262119000200.

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AbstractWe assessed inheritance of resistance to sugarcane brown rust (Puccinia melanocephala) in selfing F1 populations of wild sugarcane germplasm Erianthus rockii ‘Yundian 95-19’ and E. rockii ‘Yundian 95-20’. We tested parent and selfing F1 individuals for the brown rust resistance gene, Bru1, that has been shown to confer resistance to brown rust in sugarcane. The Bru1 gene was not detected in E. rockii ‘Yundian 95-19’, E. rockii ‘Yundian 95-20’ or their selfing F1 individuals, and we found there was segregation of resistance in the two selfing F1 populations (segregation ratio: 3:1). The

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4

Yin, Da, and Eric S. Haag. "Evolution of sex ratio through gene loss." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 26 (2019): 12919–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1903925116.

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The maintenance of males at intermediate frequencies is an important evolutionary problem. Several species ofCaenorhabditisnematodes have evolved a mating system in which selfing hermaphrodites and males coexist. While selfing produces XX hermaphrodites, cross-fertilization produces 50% XO male progeny. Thus, male mating success dictates the sex ratio. Here, we focus on the contribution of themale secreted short(mss) gene family to male mating success, sex ratio, and population growth. Themssfamily is essential for sperm competitiveness in gonochoristic species, but has been lost in parallel i

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5

Ng, Chin-Hong, Wickneswary Ratnam, Salmijah Surif, and B. S. Ismail. "Inheritance of glyphosate resistance in goosegrass (Eleusine indica)." Weed Science 52, no. 4 (2004): 564–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-03-105r2.

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The inheritance of glyphosate-resistant goosegrass was studied by making reciprocal crosses between resistant (R) and susceptible (S) biotypes. Eighty-four F1hybrids were confirmed using isozyme analyses. Reciprocal F1hybrids displayed uniform levels of resistance intermediate (I) to that of the parental types, with no indication of maternal inheritance. The F1hybrids were selfed to produce F2populations. F3populations were produced by selfing resistant and intermediate F2phenotypes. A segregation ratio of 1:2:1 (S:I:R) was observed in the F2and subsequently in the F3generations derived from s

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6

Porras, Rafael, and Jesús Miguel Muñoz Álvarez. "Breeding system in the cleistogamous species Centaurea melitensis (Asteraceae)." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 11 (2000): 1632–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-139.

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Cleistogamy involves structural, developmental, and functional differences between the open (chasmogamous) and closed (cleistogamous) floral forms produced by a species. Functional differences relate to the breeding system: progeny is obtained partly by obligate selfing, cleistogamous flowers and, at least potentially, by outcrossing, chasmogamous flowers. This study addresses theoretical predictions about the breeding system in Centaurea melitensis L. Comparative analysis of cleistogamous and chasmogamous flower heads produced by this species was based on studies of the morphological features

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7

Escaravage, Nathalie, André Pornon, Bernard Doche, and Irene Till-Bottraud. "Breeding system in an alpine species: Rhododendron ferrugineum L. (Ericaceae) in the French northern Alps." Canadian Journal of Botany 75, no. 5 (1997): 736–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-084.

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The breeding system of the alpine shrub Rhododendron ferrugineum was studied at two sites of a population (site L and site H) in the French Alps. The aims were to estimate the degree of selling and (or) outcrossing and to determine if floral traits (including floral morphology, pollen to ovule ratio, stigma receptivity) may be related to the breeding system of the shrub. First, floral traits (corolla length and anther, and style heights) were measured, the number of pollen tetrads and ovules were counted, and the date of stigma receptivity and anther dehiscence were recorded. Second, five poll

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8

Jarne, Philippe. "Mating system, bottlenecks and genetic polymorphism in hermaphroditic animals." Genetical Research 65, no. 3 (1995): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300033279.

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SummaryA loss of neutral genetic polymorphism is theoretically expected for many reasons in inbreeding organisms when compared to outbreeders. The first reason derives from the decrease of the effective population size, down to a halving, in purely selfing species. Other genetical reasons include hitchhiking and background selection. A loss can also be caused by ecological processes, that is by any kind of process provoking a genetic bottleneck. These theoretical expectations have been empirically confirmed in hermaphroditic plants for which selfing species exhibit both a lower gene diversity

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9

Damgaard, C., and R. J. Abbott. "Positive Correlations Between Selfing Rate and Pollen-Ovule Ratio within Plant Populations." Evolution 49, no. 1 (1995): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2410307.

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10

Damgaard, C., and R. J. Abbott. "POSITIVE CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SELFING RATE AND POLLEN-OVULE RATIO WITHIN PLANT POPULATIONS." Evolution 49, no. 1 (1995): 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb05973.x.

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11

Marquard, Robert D. "A Novel Lace-leafed Pecan." HortScience 26, no. 10 (1991): 1316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.10.1316.

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More than 30 pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] seedlings of `Riverside' have exhibited an unusual leaf morphology described as lace-leafed. Seedlings have relatively low vigor, compound leaves, and leaflets with deeply serrated margins with higher length: width ratios than normal seedings. Some leaves are both pinnate and palmately compound and some leaflets are lobed. The segregation ratio of lace-leafed seedlings for one gene controlling a polymorphic genetic marker supports the hypothesis that lace-leafed seedlings result from selfing of `Riverside.' Nine percent (three of 33) of

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12

Jelenkovic, Gojko, Sharon Billings, Qi Chen, James Lashomb, George Hamilton, and Gerald Ghidiu. "Transformation of Eggplant with Synthetic cryIIIA Gene Produces a High Level of Resistance to the Colorado Potato Beetle." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 123, no. 1 (1998): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.123.1.19.

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A population of 300 putative transgenic eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) carrying the syn cryIIIA gene was produced and tested for resistance to the Colorado potato beetle [CPB; Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)]. Toxicity tests in planta and in vitro demonstrated that 69% of the transformed plants were resistant to neonate larvae and adult CPB. Transgenicity of the plants was confirmed by studies of GUS expression and Southern and northern analysis. Primary transformants, having a single insert of the construct, upon selfing, produced progenies cosegregating for the uidA and syn cryIIIA genes a

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13

Doums, Claudie, Philippe Bremond, Bernard Delay, and Philippe Jarne. "The Genetical and Environmental Determination of Phally Polymorphism in the Freshwater Snail Bulinus truncatus." Genetics 142, no. 1 (1996): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/142.1.217.

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In some species of self-fertile pulmonate snails, two sexual morphs co-occur in natural populations: regular individuals and aphallic individuals that cannot transmit sperm to other snails. Purely aphallic populations therefore reproduce obligatorily by selfing. Understanding the evolution of aphally and selfing in these snails requires a precise knowledge of phally determination. In this paper, we investigate the genetic and environmental determination of aphally in Bulinus truncatus by a survey of the family (offspring) aphally ratio of 233 individuals originating from seven natural populati

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14

WRIGHT, STEPHEN I., NARDIN NANO, JOHN PAUL FOXE, and VAQAAR-UN NISA DAR. "Effective population size and tests of neutrality at cytoplasmic genes in Arabidopsis." Genetics Research 90, no. 1 (2008): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672307008920.

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SummaryCytoplasmic genomes typically lack recombination, implying that genetic hitch-hiking could be a predominant force structuring nucleotide polymorphism in the chloroplast and mitochondria. We test this hypothesis by analysing nucleotide polymorphism data at 28 loci across the chloroplast and mitochondria of the outcrossing plant Arabidopsis lyrata, and compare patterns with multiple nuclear loci, and the highly selfing Arabidopsis thaliana. The maximum likelihood estimate of the ratio of effective population size at cytoplasmic relative to nuclear genes in A. lyrata does not depart from t

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15

Kumsee, Nattika, Patcharaporn Suwor, Montinee Teerarak, et al. "Improving Pepper Inbreds for Resistance to Pepper Yellow Leaf Curl Thailand Virus (PepYLCTHV) through Challenged Inoculations." Horticulturae 10, no. 9 (2024): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10091000.

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Chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) are an economically important crop worldwide. Pepper yellow leaf curl Thailand virus (PepYLCTHV), a Begomovirus causing yellow leaf mosaic disease of chili pepper, has been reported to incur 95% economic loss under epiphytotic conditions. Thirty-one chili genotypes were screened for resistance to PepYLCTHV disease through inoculation using 10–15 viruliferous whiteflies per plant. We purified two resistant lines (PEP6 and PEP12) through four generations of selfing and selection. At 28 days after inoculations, two chili genotypes (PEP6 and PEP12) had low diseas

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16

Todd, James, Yong-Bao Pan, and Deborah Boykin. "Fidelity of Sugarcane Crosses Assessed with SSR Markers." Agronomy 10, no. 3 (2020): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10030386.

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Sugarcane (Saccharum hybrids spp.) is a wind-pollinated species that bears very small yet complete flowers. During crossing, a lack of pollen control (trimming off dehisced florets and hot water treatment) may result in both self-pollination (selfs) and unintentional pollination from stray pollen (off-types). Due to this uncertainty, it is important to estimate the percentage of intentional paternal hybridizations to better understand and possibly improve the crossing process. In this study, six pairs of simple sequence repeats (SSR) primers were used to assess the fidelity of 343 bi-parental

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17

Jacquemart, A. L., and J. D. Thompson. "Floral and pollination biology of three sympatric Vaccinium (Ericaceae) species in the Upper Ardennes, Belgium." Canadian Journal of Botany 74, no. 2 (1996): 210–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b96-025.

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Comparative studies of the reproductive biology and pollination ecology of closely related species allow us to test several ideas related to the evolution of selfing taxa from outcrossing ancestors. The existence of closely related species in the same habitat provides a particularly useful opportunity to examine this issue. A variety of floral traits likely to be associated with the reproductive system of three sympatric Vaccinium species (V. myrtillus, V. vitis-idaea, and V. uliginosum) were quantified in a heathland in the Upper Ardennes, Belgium. These traits included the length and width o

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18

Lopez-Medina, Jose, James N. Moore, and Ronald W. McNew. "A Proposed Model for Inheritance of Primocane Fruiting in Tetraploid Erect Blackberry." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 125, no. 2 (2000): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.125.2.217.

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Inheritance of the primocane-fruiting (PF) characteristic was studied in seedling populations of tetraploid (4x) blackberries (Rubus subgenus Rubus). Four selections (A-1836, A-593, A-830, and A-1680) and two cultivars (`Arapaho' and `Shawnee') were used as parents in a full diallel crossing scheme. Selection A-593 was used as the main source for PF due to its origin (`Brazos' × `Hillquist,' the latter an old PF cultivar). All parents except `Shawnee' have A-593 in their parentage; among the parents, only A-1836 fully expresses PF. Selfing of A-1836 resulted in 100% PF offspring, indicating th

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19

Hiehata, Naofumi, Yoshihiko Sato, Shinji Fukuda, Yukiko Tominaga, Osamu Terai, and Hirohisa Nesumi. "Inheritance of Resistance to Loquat Canker (Group C) in Progenies Derived from ‘Shiromogi’ Loquat." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 137, no. 3 (2012): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.137.3.152.

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Loquat canker (Pseudomonas syringae pv. eriobotryae) is a serious disease of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica), and no commercial cultivar in Japan is resistant to all strains of the disease. Loquat cultivar Shiromogi, which was selected from progeny seedlings of ‘Mogi’, is resistant to loquat canker Group C and has good fruit characteristics. This study was conducted to determine the inheritance of resistance to loquat canker Group C in ‘Shiromogi’. Seedlings produced from crosses between two resistant and 13 susceptible genotypes were classified as either resistant (R) or susceptible (S) based on

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20

Deng, Zhanao, and Brent K. Harbaugh. "Leaf Blotching in Caladium (Araceae) Is Under Simple Genetic Control and Tightly Linked to Vein Color." HortScience 44, no. 1 (2009): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.44.1.40.

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Cultivated caladiums (Caladium ×hortulanum Birdsey) are valued as important pot and landscape plants because of their bright, colorful leaves. Improving leaf characteristics or generating new combinations of these characteristics has been one of the most important breeding objectives in caladium. A major leaf characteristic in caladium is leaf blotching, the presence of numerous irregularly shaped color areas between major veins on leaf blades. This pattern of coloration in combination with bright colors has resulted in the popularity of a number of caladium cultivars. In this study, controlle

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21

Weeks, S. C., and N. Zucker. "Rates of inbreeding in the androdioecious clam shrimp Eulimnadia texana." Canadian Journal of Zoology 77, no. 9 (1999): 1402–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z99-103.

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Populations of the clam shrimp Eulimnadia texana exhibit androdioecy, which is a mixed mating system composed of males and self-compatible hermaphrodites. It has been suggested that such mating systems are evolutionarily unstable, and yet most populations of E. texana appear to exhibit both outcrossing and selfing (a mixed mating strategy). Genetic and sex-ratio features of seven populations of these clam shrimp confirm that the majority of these populations show a mixture of inbreeding and outcrossing modes of reproduction. Additionally, we suggest that the relationship of inbreeding rate wit

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22

Budar, F., L. Thia-Toong, M. Van Montagu, and J.-P. Hernalsteens. "AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED GENE TRANSFER RESULTS MAINLY IN TRANSGENIC PLANTS TRANSMITTING T-DNA AS A SINGLE MENDELIAN FACTOR." Genetics 114, no. 1 (1986): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/114.1.303.

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ABSTRACT Forty-four independent transformed tobacco plants were obtained from a cocultivation experiment with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains carrying modified Ti-plasmids. The transformed plants were either self-fertilized or crossed with nontransformed plants or with other transformed plants. The segregation of a phenotypic marker (kanamycin resistance) in the progenies of these plants was determined. In 40 cases out of 44, the segregation of the kanamycin resistance marker is consistent with Mendelian genetics. Among these 40 clones, 35 contain a single kanamycin resistance locus. The fiv

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23

Caballero, Armando, and Enrique Santiago. "Response to selection from new mutation and effective size of partially inbred populations. I. Theoretical results." Genetical Research 66, no. 3 (1995): 213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300034662.

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SummaryThe effects of partial inbreeding on effective population size and rates of fixation of mutant genes are investigated in selected populations. Truncation selection and an infinitesimal model of gene effects for the selected trait are assumed. Predictions of effective size under this model are given for partial selfing and partial full-sib mating and an extension to a more general model is outlined. The joint effect of selection and partial inbreeding causes a large reduction in the effective size relative to the case of random mating. This effect is especially remarkable for small amoun

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24

Damgaard, Christian, and Volker Loeschcke. "Genotypic variation for reproductive characters, and the influence of pollen-ovule ratio on selfing rate in rape seed (Brassica napus)." Journal of Evolutionary Biology 7, no. 5 (1994): 599–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1420-9101.1994.7050599.x.

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25

Lamont, Byron B., Jens M. Olesen, and Peter J. Briffa. "Seed Production, Pollinator Attractants and Breeding System in Relation to Fire Response — Are There Reproductive Syndromes among Co-occurring Proteaceous Shrubs?" Australian Journal of Botany 46, no. 4 (1998): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt97008.

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The reproductive biology of two species pairs was compared, one member of which (Dryandra sessilis (Knight) Domin, Hakea erinacea Meissner) is susceptible to severe stress and disturbance by fire (nonsprouter) and stores few seeds in its crown, while the other (D. lindleyana Meissner, H. cristata R.Br.) is resilient (resprouter) and also stores most of its seeds for some years. It was hypothesised that the nonsprouter would have a high annual seed production associated with a suite of attributes directed towards that end (forming a reproductive syndrome), and that the resprouter would have the

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26

Branch, W. D., S. P. Tallury, J. P. Clevenger, B. M. Schwartz, and W. W. Hanna. "Inheritance of a Novel Heterozygous Peanut Mutant, 5-Small Leaflet." Peanut Science 47, no. 1 (2020): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/ps19-11.1.

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ABSTRACT An unusual 5-Small Leaflet mutant plant was found within the ‘Georgia Green' runner-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivar. Subsequent selfing has not established a true-breeding 5-Small Leaflet genotype. It continues to segregate normal and 5-Small Leaflet plants but with a reduced number of normal leaf plants upon selection for 5-Small Leaflet phenotypes after several self-generations. F1, F2, F3, and F4 data suggests that the 5-Small Leaflet trait is dominant or possibly pseudo-dominant. Likewise, the 5-Small Leaflet mutant can only be used as a pollen parent in crosses, and it

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27

Creller, Michael A., Jose X. Chaparro, and Dennis J. Werner. "033 INHERITANCE OF THE BLOOD FLESH TRAIT IN PEACH AND INTERACTION WITH THE RED LEAF (GR) GENE." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 432d—432. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.432d.

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Inheritance of the blood flesh (red-violet mesocarp) trait in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] was investigated. `Harrow Blood' fruit began accumulation of anthocyanin about 40 days after anthesis. The blood-fleshed trait was associated with the red-veined leaf phenotype in `Harrow Blood' and its self progeny. An approximate segregation ratio of 3:1 (red vein:green vein) was observed in a population generated by selfing `Harrow Blood'. All 112 F1 progeny from a cross of `Harrow Blood' × `Rutgers Red Leaf'-2n produced wild-type fruit. Phenotypic segregation for red leaf:green leaf deviated fr

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28

Tian, Yuan, Gangming Zhan, Xianming Chen, et al. "Virulence and Simple Sequence Repeat Marker Segregation in a Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Population Produced by Selfing a Chinese Isolate on Berberis shensiana." Phytopathology® 106, no. 2 (2016): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-07-15-0162-r.

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Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, the causal agent of wheat stripe rust, frequently produces new races overcoming resistance in wheat cultivars. A recently identified race, V26 with virulence to Yr26 and many other stripe rust resistance genes, has a high potential to cause epidemics in China. In this study, teliospores from a single-urediniospore isolate of V26 (Pinglan 17-7) produced on the wheat line 92R137 (Yr26) were used to produce a sexual population through selfing by infecting Berberis shensiana plants under controlled conditions. One hundred and eighteen progeny isolates and the p

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29

Msukwa, Violet J., Chimuleke R. Y. Munthali, Betserai I. Nyoka, et al. "Mating System among Provenances of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst." International Journal of Forestry Research 2019 (June 20, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8681238.

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Mating system of a species is critically important both genetically and ecologically in developing plans for breeding and gene conservation. This study was conducted to assess twenty provenances of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. planted in Malawi. The trial was assessed for mating system and sex ratio at eighteen years of age. The results revealed that the mating system in S. birrea occurred from selfing, insect, and wind-mediated pollination. There were no significant (P>0.05) differences on seed germination percentage among the three mating systems. The germination percentages were

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30

Pedersen, Jennine L. M., S. Ellen Macdonald, and Scott E. Nielsen. "Reproductive ecology of the distylous species Houstonia longifolia: implications for conservation of a rare species." Botany 94, no. 10 (2016): 983–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2016-0024.

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Distylous species typically experience self-incompatibility with one morph often having partial self-compatibility. Small populations may therefore experience greater rates of selfing/intramorph crosses leading to skewed morph ratios and reduced seed production. For the distylous species Houstonia longifolia Gaertn. (“imperiled” at its northwestern range limit in Alberta), we examined whether small populations were morph-biased and whether seed production was affected by population size, local density, plant size, morph type, and surrounding morph ratio. For focal plants in several populations

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31

Baucom, Regina S., Rodney Mauricio, and Shu-Mei Chang. "Glyphosate induces transient male sterility in Ipomoea purpurea." Botany 86, no. 6 (2008): 587–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b08-035.

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Plant death is the most common effect resulting from the application of glyphosate, the active ingredient in the herbicide Roundup®. Individual seedlings of the morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea L. Roth, however, have been shown to exhibit tolerance to glyphosate, surviving after what should have been a lethal dose. Those that grow and reach reproductive maturity often exhibit deformed anthers within what appear to be normally developed flowers. Ipomoea purpurea has a mixed mating system and normally has hermaphroditic flowers that are capable of both selfing and outcrossing. The deformed anther

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32

Ramsey, M., N. Prakash, and S. Cairns. "Breeding Systems of Disjunct Populations of Christmas Bells (Blandfordia grandiflora R.Br., Liliaceae): Variation in Self-Fertility and an Ovular Mechanism Regulating Self-Fertilisation." Australian Journal of Botany 41, no. 1 (1993): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9930035.

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The breeding systems of disjunct tableland and coastal populations of Christmas bells were determined using hand-pollination experiments. In both populations, 90% or more of self-pollinated plants produced seeds. Tableland plants were significantly more self-fertile than coastal plants (ratio of self seed set to cross seed set: tableland, 0.55 ± 0.03; coast, 0.08 ± 0.02). Significant variation among plants for self-fertility was found in both populations. Autofertility was 1.6% or less in both populations indicating that pollen vectors are necessary for seed set. Seed set by agamospermy in bot

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33

Cheliak, W. M., J. A. Pltel, and G. Murray. "Population structure and the mating system of white spruce." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 15, no. 2 (1985): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x85-049.

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Inheritance of allozymes of 12 polymorphic loci was demonstrated using haploid megagametophytic tissues of viable seed from a total of 47 white spruce trees in one stand. In general, allozymes segregated as expected in a 1:1 ratio. However, one allozyme of phosphoglucose isomerase (Pgi-2) did not segregate as expected. Significant deficiency in two different heterozygous combinations was observed. This result could be indicative of selection against the allozyme. The level of genetic variability in this stand of white spruce was similar to average levels of variation observed with many conifer

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34

Sanjai, Kumar Gupta Vikas Singh Ram Pravesh and Purshottam Yadav. "Effect of nucleopolyhedrosis virus on silkworm bombyx mori linn and its transmission from further generation." International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research (IJABR) 13, no. 4 (2022): 9–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7424072.

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Sericulture is one of the most agro-based industries in World. From time, sericulture practices have undergone changes to improve productivity. Disease development and mortality are ever present phenomena in the silkworms as in other living organism. Among silkworm disease, Grasseric, a viral disease of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. has been causing great economic loss to sericulturist. Perhaps a good understanding of this disease, its mode of transmission and recent developments are of great relevance for combating the disease. The present study review deals with a detailed account of the LC<sub>5

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35

Carleial, Samuel, Mark van Kleunen, and Marc Stift. "Small reductions in corolla size and pollen: ovule ratio, but no changes in flower shape in selfing populations of the North American Arabidopsis lyrata." Oecologia 183, no. 2 (2016): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-016-3773-4.

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36

Feliner, Gonzalo Nieto. "Breeding systems and related floral traits in several Erysimum (Cruciferae)." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 11 (1991): 2515–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-313.

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The breeding system of 13 populations belonging to eight species of Erysimum (Cruciferae) was studied and its relation with the life-span of the plants is discussed. To assess the breeding system of each population, greenhouse tests for apomixis, self-compatibility, and self-pollination were carried out, morphological characters like petal size and anther length were measured and pollen to ovule ratios were computed. The evidence gathered supports the selfing behavior of the three annuals, E. cheiranthoides L., E. incanum G. Kunze, and E. repandum L., and the outcrossing behavior of the perenn

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37

Lehtonen, Jussi, and Hanna Kokko. "Positive feedback and alternative stable states in inbreeding, cooperation, sex roles and other evolutionary processes." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1586 (2012): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0177.

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A large proportion of studies in systems science focus on processes involving a mixture of positive and negative feedbacks, which are also common themes in evolutionary ecology. Examples of negative feedback are density dependence (population regulation) and frequency-dependent selection (polymorphisms). Positive feedback, in turn, plays a role in Fisherian ‘runaway’ sexual selection, the evolution of cooperation, selfing and inbreeding tolerance under purging of deleterious alleles, and the evolution of sex differences in parental care. All these examples feature self-reinforcing processes wh

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38

Russell, J. H., and O. Hak. "Effect of Foliar-Applied Gibberellin A3 on Male and Female Strobilus Production and Cone and Seed Quality in Western Redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn)." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 22, no. 4 (2007): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/22.4.297.

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Abstract Western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn) foliar-applied gibberellin A3 (GA3) induction trials were performed over a 4-year period at a number of different seed orchards in coastal British Columbia. The effects of GA3 timing, concentration, and frequency on male and female strobilus production, as well as timing on seed quality, were studied. Male and female strobili were induced over the complete span of shoot elongation from May to August, indicative of a less-precise induction period than species in the Pinaceae family. Female strobilus production was correlated with shoot increment, s

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39

Preston, Christopher, David S. Belles, Philip H. Westra, Scott J. Nissen, and Sarah M. Ward. "Inheritance of Resistance to The Auxinic Herbicide Dicamba in Kochia (Kochia scoparia)." Weed Science 57, no. 1 (2009): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-08-098.1.

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The inheritance of resistance to the auxinic herbicide dicamba was examined in a kochia population from Nebraska. An inbred, resistant line was developed by selection and selfing over seven generations to ensure any resistance alleles would be homozygous in the parents. An inbred, susceptible line was similarly developed, but without selection. Dose–response experiments with dicamba determined a glyphosate-resistant concentration required to inhibit dry weight accumulation by 50% (GR50) of 45 and 1,331 g ae ha−1for the susceptible and resistant populations, respectively. F1crosses were made be

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40

Read, A. F., A. Narara, S. Nee, A. E. Keymer, and K. P. Day. "Gametocyte sex ratios as indirect measures of outcrossing rates in malaria." Parasitology 104, no. 3 (1992): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000063630.

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The frequency of recombination between unlike genotypes is central to understanding the generation of genetic diversity in natural populations of malaria. Here we suggest a way of investigating the problem which could complement conventional biochemical approaches to the population genetics of malaria. Sex allocation theory is one of the most successful areas of evolutionary biology. A well-supported prediction is that progressively less female-biased sex ratios are favoured with more outcrossing; equal numbers of males and females being evolutionarily stable in randomly mating outbred populat

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41

Yuskianti, Vivi, and Keiya Isoda. "DETECTION OF POLLEN FLOW IN THE SEEDLING SEED ORCHARD OF Acacia mangium USING DNA MARKER." OURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH 10, no. 1 (2013): 31–41. https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2013.10.1.31-41.

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Pollen pattern dispersal in seedling seed orchard (SSO) is an essential part of a tree-improvement program. Two SSOs of <em>Acacia mangium</em> in South Kalimantan and South Sumatra that represent similar resources in different environments were used in this study.  Genotypes of all trees and seeds from a subset of 10 mother trees in each orchard were determined for 12 microsatellite loci, and parentage analysis was carried out. The results shows that the pollen dispersal pattern in both SSOs decrease with distance from mother tree. Patterns of pollen dispersal, dispersal distance and cum

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42

Werner, Dennis J., Michael A. Creller, and José X. Chaparro. "Inheritance of the Blood-flesh Trait in Peach." HortScience 33, no. 7 (1998): 1243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.7.1243.

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Inheritance of the blood-flesh (red-violet mesocarp) trait in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] was investigated in S1, S2, F1, F2, F3, BC1P1, and BC1P2 families derived from `Harrow Blood', a clone showing anthocyanin accumulation in fruit about 45-50 days after anthesis. This trait invariably was associated with the red midrib leaf phenotype in `Harrow Blood', an S1 family from `Harrow Blood', and in green leaf F2 progeny derived from `Harrow Blood' × `Rutgers Red Leaf 2n'. A segregation ratio of about 3 blood-flesh : 1 wild-type was observed in the S1 family, but F1 progeny produced only

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43

Procissi, Antonia, Solveig de Laissardière, Madina Férault, Daniel Vezon, Georges Pelletier, and Sandrine Bonhomme. "Five Gametophytic Mutations Affecting Pollen Development and Pollen Tube Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana." Genetics 158, no. 4 (2001): 1773–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/158.4.1773.

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Abstract Mutant analysis represents one of the most reliable approaches to identifying genes involved in plant development. The screening of the Versailles collection of Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA insertion transformants has allowed us to isolate different mutations affecting male gametophytic functions and viability. Among several mutated lines, five have been extensively studied at the genetic, molecular, and cytological levels. For each mutant, several generations of selfing and outcrossing have been carried out, leading to the conclusion that all these mutations are tagged and affect only

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44

Cheng, Frank Suozhan, and Mikeal L. Roose. "Origin and Inheritance of Dwarfing by the Citrus Rootstock Poncirus trifoliata `Flying Dragon'." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 120, no. 2 (1995): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.120.2.286.

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`Flying Dragon' Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf. is a dwarfing rootstock for citrus. Inheritance of dwarfing ability was studied in a population of open-pollinated seedlings of `Flying Dragon'. Molecular marker genotypes suggest that all seedlings originated from selfing. Progeny seedlings were budded with `Cutter Valencia' orange and planted in the field to evaluate the dwarfing effect of the seedling rootstock. At 5 years after planting, rankit analysis of the frequency distributions of trunk cross-sectional area and canopy volume suggested the presence of two overlapping distributions of 34 dwar

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45

One, Khin Thida, Narathid Muakrong, Chamnanr Phetcharat, Patcharin Tanya, and Peerasak Srinives. "Inheritance of Dwarfiness and Erect Growth Habit in Progenies of Jatropha curcas × Jatropha integerrima." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 139, no. 5 (2014): 582–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.139.5.582.

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Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) is one of the most popular tree crops for seed production as a source of oil for biodiesel. However, currently grown cultivars are too large in canopy size and thus have very low harvest index. Alteration of canopy height and size can lead to identification of a desirable plant architecture for jatropha. A study was conducted to determine genetic control of dwarfiness and erect growth habit in jatropha populations derived from an interspecific cross between J. curcas with tall-erect (TL-ER) plant type and J. integerrima with dwarf-spreading (DW-SP) plant type. Crosse

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46

Guines, F., B. Julier, C. Ecalle, and C. Huyghe. "Genetic control of quality traits of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.)." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 53, no. 4 (2002): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar01104.

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An important objective in lucerne breeding is the improvement of feeding value. An understanding of the inheritance of digestibility and cell wall related traits would facilitate the breeding of varieties with higher feeding value. The aim of this experiment was first to determine the genetic control of dry matter digestibility and related biochemical and morphological traits, and to assess phenotypic and genetic correlations between these traits. Quantitative genetic parameters were estimated for enzymatic solubility, neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent l

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47

ASLAM, NIDA, AIJAZ A. WANI, IRSHAD A. NAWCHOO, and AIJAZ H. GANIE. "Reproductive biology of Peganum harmala L. (Nitrariaceae) –an important medicinal plant of Kashmir Himalaya." Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences 36 (December 31, 2014): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.62029/jmaps.v36i4.aslam.

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Peganum harmala L. is an important medicinal plant growing in Kashmir Himalaya. The species exhibits restricted distribution and the number and size of populations are declining continuously in the Kashmir valley. Therefore, the present study was carried out to understand the main cause of reduction in populations of their species and to unravel the bottleneck in its reproductive systems if any. The species produce bisexual flowers with large nectarines present at the base of the ovary. Protoandry and moderate to high pollen to ovule ratio depicts cross pollinated nature of the species. Howeve

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48

Murray, Bruce G., Ian N. Morrison, and Anita L. Brûlé-Babel. "Inheritance of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Inhibitor Resistance in Wild Oat (Avena fatua)." Weed Science 43, no. 2 (1995): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500081121.

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Resistance to fenoxaprop-P and other aryloxyphenoxypropionate and cyclohexanedione herbicides in the wild oat population, UM1, is controlled by a single, partially dominant, nuclear gene. In arriving at this conclusion, parents, F1hybrids, and F2plants derived from reciprocal crosses between UM1 and a susceptible wild oat line, UM5, were treated with fenoxaprop-P over a wide range of dosages. Based on these experiments, a dosage of 400 g ai ha−1fenoxaprop-P was selected to discriminate between three response types. At this dosage, susceptible plants were killed and resistant plants were unaffe

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Jacobi, Claudia Maria, and Mário César Laboissiérè del Sarto. "Pollination of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) from high-altitude quartzitic grasslands, Brazil." Acta Botanica Brasilica 21, no. 2 (2007): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062007000200007.

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The pollinators and breeding system of two species of Vellozia (Velloziaceae) from high-altitude quartzitic grasslands in SE Brazil were studied. Vellozia leptopetala is shrubby and grows solely on rocky outcrops, V. epidendroides is herbaceous and grows on stony soils. Both bear solitary, hermaphrodite flowers, and have massive, short-lasting annual blooms. We evaluated the level of self-compatibility and need for pollinators of 50 plants of each species and 20-60 flowers per treatment: hand self- and cross-pollination, spontaneous pollination, agamospermy and control. The behavior of floral

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Prasanth, K., and B. Varalakshmi. "Inheritance of fruit colour, fruit ridge pattern and related traits through generation mean analysis in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)." Vegetable Science 49, no. 01 (2022): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.61180/vegsci.2022.v49.i1.03.

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Analysis of generation means in P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2 generations of two bitter gourd crosses viz., IIHR Sel-5-8 × IIHR-144-1 and Arka Harit × IIHR-144-1 were performed to determine the nature of gene action governing fruit traits. All the parents and generations differed significantly for the observed traits. For the cross IIHR Sel-5-8 × IIHR-144-1, Chi-square tests in the segregating generations for fruit colour and fruit ridge pattern were fitted well with the Mendelian phenotypic ratio of 3:1. This indicates that green fruit colour of bitter gourd is governed by single dominant gene an

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