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Статті в журналах з теми "Sensory inputs"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Bui, Tuan V., and Robert M. Brownstone. "Sensory-evoked perturbations of locomotor activity by sparse sensory input: a computational study." Journal of Neurophysiology 113, no. 7 (2015): 2824–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00866.2014.

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Sensory inputs from muscle, cutaneous, and joint afferents project to the spinal cord, where they are able to affect ongoing locomotor activity. Activation of sensory input can initiate or prolong bouts of locomotor activity depending on the identity of the sensory afferent activated and the timing of the activation within the locomotor cycle. However, the mechanisms by which afferent activity modifies locomotor rhythm and the distribution of sensory afferents to the spinal locomotor networks have not been determined. Considering the many sources of sensory inputs to the spinal cord, determini

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2

Santos, Bruno A., Rogerio M. Gomes, Xabier E. Barandiaran, and Phil Husbands. "Active Role of Self-Sustained Neural Activity on Sensory Input Processing: A Minimal Theoretical Model." Neural Computation 34, no. 3 (2022): 686–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_01471.

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Abstract A growing body of work has demonstrated the importance of ongoing oscillatory neural activity in sensory processing and the generation of sensorimotor behaviors. It has been shown, for several different brain areas, that sensory-evoked neural oscillations are generated from the modulation by sensory inputs of inherent self-sustained neural activity (SSA). This letter contributes to that strand of research by introducing a methodology to investigate how much of the sensory-evoked oscillatory activity is generated by SSA and how much is generated by sensory inputs within the context of

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3

Mao, Yu-Ting, Tian-Miao Hua, and Sarah L. Pallas. "Competition and convergence between auditory and cross-modal visual inputs to primary auditory cortical areas." Journal of Neurophysiology 105, no. 4 (2011): 1558–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00407.2010.

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Sensory neocortex is capable of considerable plasticity after sensory deprivation or damage to input pathways, especially early in development. Although plasticity can often be restorative, sometimes novel, ectopic inputs invade the affected cortical area. Invading inputs from other sensory modalities may compromise the original function or even take over, imposing a new function and preventing recovery. Using ferrets whose retinal axons were rerouted into auditory thalamus at birth, we were able to examine the effect of varying the degree of ectopic, cross-modal input on reorganization of dev

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4

Boettiger, Charlotte A., and Allison J. Doupe. "Intrinsic and Thalamic Excitatory Inputs Onto Songbird LMAN Neurons Differ in Their Pharmacological and Temporal Properties." Journal of Neurophysiology 79, no. 5 (1998): 2615–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.5.2615.

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Boettiger, Charlotte A. and Allison J. Doupe. Intrinsic and thalamic excitatory inputs onto songbird LMAN neurons differ in their pharmacological and temporal properties. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 2615–2628, 1998. In passerine songbirds, the lateral portion of the magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum (LMAN) plays a vital role in song learning, possibly by encoding sensory information and providing sensory feedback to the vocal motor system. Consistent with this, LMAN neurons are auditory, and, as learning progresses, they evolve from a broadly tuned initial state to a state of strong p

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5

Kingwell, Katie. "The tune of sensory inputs." Nature Reviews Neuroscience 11, no. 7 (2010): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn2872.

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6

OLSHAUSEN, B., and D. FIELD. "Sparse coding of sensory inputs." Current Opinion in Neurobiology 14, no. 4 (2004): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2004.07.007.

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7

Lin, Jiarui. "Sensory Inputs Guiding Cognitive Behaviors and Decision Making." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 74 (December 29, 2023): 1399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/gew7ng02.

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Understanding human behaviors and higher cognitive functioning has long been an ultimate goal for psychologists and neuroscientists. Sensory inputs are pivotal in shaping the intricate landscape of complex behaviors and decision-making processes in both humans and animals. The distinct pathways through which the sensory information is perceived from the environment are referred as sensory modalities. Each sensory modality corresponds to a specific type of sensory input or sense, such as vision, hearing, or tactile, enabling us to gather information about the world around us. Sensory inputs int

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8

Porr, Bernd, and Paul Miller. "Forward propagation closed loop learning." Adaptive Behavior 28, no. 3 (2019): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059712319851070.

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For an autonomous agent, the inputs are the sensory data that inform the agent of the state of the world, and the outputs are their actions, which act on the world and consequently produce new sensory inputs. The agent only knows of its own actions via their effect on future inputs; therefore desired states, and error signals, are most naturally defined in terms of the inputs. Most machine learning algorithms, however, operate in terms of desired outputs. For example, backpropagation takes target output values and propagates the corresponding error backwards through the network in order to cha

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9

White, Bryan M., Aleksandra Stankovic, Stijn Thoolen, Nataliya Kosmyna, Vladimir Ivkovic, and Gary Strangman. "Sensory-Based Alterations and Countermeasures in Spaceflight and Spaceflight Analogs." Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 96, no. 7 (2025): 556–68. https://doi.org/10.3357/amhp.6584.2025.

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INTRODUCTION: Long-duration spaceflight and isolated, confined, and extreme environments present various challenges to crewmembers. One less-frequently discussed challenge is altered sensory inputs and how they can adversely affect cognition and performance. Maintaining psychological and performance outcomes is crucial for mission success, and simple sensory-based countermeasures (CMs) can be surprisingly effective. This scoping review examines the impact of altered sensory inputs in these extreme environments, assesses current sensory-based CMs, and compares their effectiveness across sensory

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10

Ullström, Maria, David Parker, Erik Svensson, and Sten Grillner. "Neuropeptide-Mediated Facilitation and Inhibition of Sensory Inputs and Spinal Cord Reflexes in the Lamprey." Journal of Neurophysiology 81, no. 4 (1999): 1730–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.81.4.1730.

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Neuropeptide-mediated facilitation and inhibition of sensory inputs and spinal cord reflexes in the lamprey. The effects of neuromodulators present in the dorsal horn [tachykinins, neuropeptide Y (NPY), bombesin, and GABAB agonists] were studied on reflex responses evoked by cutaneous stimulation in the lamprey. Reflex responses were elicited in an isolated spinal cord preparation by electrical stimulation of the attached tail fin. To be able to separate modulator-induced effects at the sensory level from that at the motor or premotor level, the spinal cord was separated into three pools with

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11

Anastasio, Thomas J., Paul E. Patton, and Kamel Belkacem-Boussaid. "Using Bayes' Rule to Model Multisensory Enhancement in the Superior Colliculus." Neural Computation 12, no. 5 (2000): 1165–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089976600300015547.

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The deep layers of the superior colliculus (SC) integrate multisensory inputs and initiate an orienting response toward the source of stimulation (target). Multisensory enhancement, which occurs in the deep SC, is the augmentation of a neural response to sensory input of one modality by input of another modality. Multisensory enhancement appears to underlie the behavioral observation that an animal is more likely to orient toward weak stimuli if a stimulus of one modality is paired with a stimulus of another modality. Yet not all deep SC neurons are multisensory. Those that are exhibit the pro

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12

Bastian, Joseph. "Modulation of Calcium-Dependent Postsynaptic Depression Contributes to an Adaptive Sensory Filter." Journal of Neurophysiology 80, no. 6 (1998): 3352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.6.3352.

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Bastian, Joseph. Modulation of calcium-dependent postsynaptic depression contributes to an adaptive sensory filter. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 3352–3355, 1998. The ability of organisms to ignore unimportant patterns of sensory input may be as critical as the ability to attend to those that are behaviorally relevant. Mechanisms used to reject irrelevant inputs range from peripheral filters, which allow only restricted portions of the spectrum of possible inputs to pass, to higher-level processes, which actively select stimuli to be “attended to.” Recent studies of several lower vertebrates demonstrat

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13

Rosen, Steven C., Mark W. Miller, Elizabeth C. Cropper, and Irving Kupfermann. "Outputs of Radula Mechanoafferent Neurons inAplysia are Modulated by Motor Neurons, Interneurons, and Sensory Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 83, no. 3 (2000): 1621–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.83.3.1621.

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The gain of sensory inputs into the nervous system can be modulated so that the nature and intensity of afferent input is variable. Sometimes the variability is a function of other sensory inputs or of the state of motor systems that generate behavior. A form of sensory modulation was investigated in the Aplysiafeeding system at the level of a radula mechanoafferent neuron (B21) that provides chemical synaptic input to a group of motor neurons (B8a/b, B15) that control closure and retraction movements of the radula, a food grasping structure. B21 has been shown to receive both excitatory and i

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14

Stolz, Thomas, Max Diesner, Susanne Neupert, et al. "Descending octopaminergic neurons modulate sensory-evoked activity of thoracic motor neurons in stick insects." Journal of Neurophysiology 122, no. 6 (2019): 2388–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00196.2019.

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Neuromodulatory neurons located in the brain can influence activity in locomotor networks residing in the spinal cord or ventral nerve cords of invertebrates. How inputs to and outputs of neuromodulatory descending neurons affect walking activity is largely unknown. With the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry, we show that a population of dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurons descending from the gnathal ganglion to thoracic ganglia of the stick insect Carausius morosus contains the neuromodulatory amine octopamine. These

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15

Cattaneo, D., and J. Jonsdottir. "Sensory impairments in quiet standing in subjects with multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 15, no. 1 (2009): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458508096874.

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Balance disorders and falls are frequently observed in subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS). Along with motor impairment, sensory disorders and integration deficits of sensory inputs lead to inadequate motor responses. The assessment of these sensory disorders in an every day tasks, such as upright stance, increases our knowledge of postural control in this pathology, thus promoting more effective treatments. The aim of the study was to describe sensory impairments and sensory strategies in different sensory conditions. A stabilometric assessment was carried out in a consecutive convenience s

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16

Fitzgerald, Maria. "Patrick David Wall. 5 April 1925—8 August 2001." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 72 (December 2021): 371–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2021.0014.

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Patrick (Pat) Wall was a neurophysiologist and true pioneer in the science of pain. He discovered that the sensory information arising from receptors in our body, such as those for touch and heat, could be modified, or ‘gated’, in the spinal cord by other sensory inputs and also by information descending from the brain; this meant, as is now well recognized, that the final sensory experience is not necessarily predictable from the original pain-eliciting sensory input. He used this to explain the poor relationship between injury and pain, and to illustrate the fallacy of judging what someone ‘

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17

Ozdemir, Recep A., and Monica A. Perez. "Afferent input and sensory function after human spinal cord injury." Journal of Neurophysiology 119, no. 1 (2018): 134–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00354.2017.

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) often disrupts the integrity of afferent (sensory) axons projecting through the spinal cord dorsal columns to the brain. Examinations of ascending sensory tracts, therefore, are critical for monitoring the extent of SCI and recovery processes. In this review, we discuss the most common electrophysiological techniques used to assess transmission of afferent inputs to the primary motor cortex (i.e., afferent input-induced facilitation and inhibition) and the somatosensory cortex [i.e., somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), dermatomal SSEPs, and electrical perceptual t

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18

Goetz, Lea, Arnd Roth, and Michael Häusser. "Active dendrites enable strong but sparse inputs to determine orientation selectivity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 30 (2021): e2017339118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017339118.

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The dendrites of neocortical pyramidal neurons are excitable. However, it is unknown how synaptic inputs engage nonlinear dendritic mechanisms during sensory processing in vivo, and how they in turn influence action potential output. Here, we provide a quantitative account of the relationship between synaptic inputs, nonlinear dendritic events, and action potential output. We developed a detailed pyramidal neuron model constrained by in vivo dendritic recordings. We drive this model with realistic input patterns constrained by sensory responses measured in vivo and connectivity measured in vit

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19

Dubey, Akash Dutt, and Ravi Bhushan Mishra. "Cognition of a Robotic Manipulator Using the Q-Learning Based Situation-Operator Model." Journal of Information Technology Research 11, no. 1 (2018): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.2018010109.

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In this article, we have applied cognition on robot using Q-learning based situation operator model. The situation operator model takes the initial situation of the mobile robot and applies a set of operators in order to move the robot to the destination. The initial situation of the mobile robot is defined by a set of characteristics inferred by the sensor inputs. The Situation-Operator Model (SOM) model comprises of a planning and learning module which uses certain heuristics for learning through the mobile robot and a knowledge base which stored the experiences of the mobile robot. The cont

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20

MAVROUDIS, Ioannis, Ioana –. Miruna BALMUS, and Alin CIOBICA. "Brain Function: Free Energy, Predictive Processing and Active Inference." Annals of the Academy of Romanian Scientists Series on Biological Sciences 12, no. 1 (2023): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.56082/annalsarscibio.2023.1.108.

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"A potential new theory of brain function based on Bayesian inference could be that the brain is a predictive processing system that generates internal models of the world to make predictions about future sensory inputs. According to this theory, the brain generates internal models based on prior beliefs and past experiences, which are used to make predictions about future sensory inputs. In summary, the free energy principle focuses on minimizing the difference between the predicted and actual sensory inputs using a hierarchical generative model, while the predictive processing theory focuses

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21

Bastian, J. "Plasticity in an electrosensory system. I. General features of a dynamic sensory filter." Journal of Neurophysiology 76, no. 4 (1996): 2483–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.76.4.2483.

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1. In this study we describe changes in neuronal responses within the primary electrosensory processing nucleus of a weakly electric fish that occur when the fish are exposed to repetitive patterns of electrosensory stimuli. Extracellular single-unit recordings show that pyramidal cells within the electrosensory lateral line lobe develop, over a time course of several minutes, an insensitivity to repetitive stimuli applied to a cell's receptive field (local stimulus). The pyramidal cell response cancellation only develops if the local stimulus is applied simultaneously with a diffuse pattern o

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22

Alonso, Jose-Manuel, and Harvey A. Swadlow. "Thalamocortical Specificity and the Synthesis of Sensory Cortical Receptive Fields." Journal of Neurophysiology 94, no. 1 (2005): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01281.2004.

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A persistent and fundamental question in sensory cortical physiology concerns the manner in which receptive fields of layer-4 neurons are synthesized from their thalamic inputs. According to a hierarchical model proposed more than 40 years ago, simple receptive fields in layer 4 of primary visual cortex originate from the convergence of highly specific thalamocortical inputs (e.g., geniculate inputs with on-center receptive fields overlap the on subregions of layer 4 simple cells). Here, we summarize studies in the visual cortex that provide support for this high specificity of thalamic input

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23

Kuball, Kyleigh, Vânia Filipa Lima Fernandes, Daisuke Takagi, and Masato Yoshizawa. "Blind cavefish evolved higher foraging responses to chemo- and mechanostimuli." PLOS ONE 19, no. 5 (2024): e0300793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300793.

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In nature, animals must navigate to forage according to their sensory inputs. Different species use different sensory modalities to locate food efficiently. For teleosts, food emits visual, mechanical, chemical, and/or possibly weak-electrical signals, which can be detected by optic, auditory/lateral line, and olfactory/taste buds sensory systems. However, how fish respond to and use different sensory inputs when locating food, as well as the evolution of these sensory modalities, remain unclear. We examined the Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, which is composed of two different morphs: a si

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24

SUN, HAO, HANNAH E. SMITHSON, QASIM ZAIDI, and BARRY B. LEE. "Do magnocellular and parvocellular ganglion cells avoid short-wavelength cone input?" Visual Neuroscience 23, no. 3-4 (2006): 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523806233042.

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We recently developed a new technique to measure cone inputs to visual neurons and used this technique to seek short-wavelength-sensitive (S) cone inputs to parasol, magnocellular (MC) and midget, parvocellular (PC) ganglion cells. Here, we compare our physiological measurements of S-cone weights to those predicted by a random wiring model that assumes cells' receptive fields receive input from mixed cone types. The random wiring model predicts the average weights of S-cone input to be similar to the total percentage of S-cones but with considerable scatter, and the S-cone input polarity to be

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25

Arthur, Joeanna C., John W. Philbeck, and David Chichka. "Non-sensory inputs to angular path integration." Journal of Vestibular Research 19, no. 3,4 (2009): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-2009-0354.

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26

Hanacek, Jan, Milos Tatar, and John Widdicombe. "Regulation of cough by secondary sensory inputs." Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 152, no. 3 (2006): 282–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2006.02.014.

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27

Rinaman, Linda. "Visceral sensory inputs to the endocrine hypothalamus." Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 28, no. 1 (2007): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2007.02.002.

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28

Reichert, Heinrich. "Sensory inputs and flight orientation in locusts." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 104, no. 4 (1993): 647–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(93)90143-r.

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29

Nghiêm-Phú, Bình. "Sensory inputs in tourists’ nightlife experiences – a study of Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur and Singapore." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 14, no. 2 (2020): 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-06-2019-0120.

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Purpose This study aims to identify the sensory inputs that tourists use to shape their nightlife experiences. Design/methodology/approach The situations in three Southeast Asian cities, Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur and Singapore were examined, using tourist reviews posted on tripadvisor.com. A total of 460 data units concerning Bangkok, 373 data units concerning Kuala Lumpur and 453 data units concerning Singapore were compiled and manually analyzed to reveal the frequency of the primary sensory inputs used by the reviewers. Bivariate correlation analysis was additionally performed to reveal the co-

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30

Pezdirc, Matjaž, Igor Pušnik, Maja Pajek, Ivan Čuk, and Karmen Šibanc. "The Asymmetries in Straight Jumps on the Trampoline Under Different Sensory Conditions." Symmetry 16, no. 11 (2024): 1472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16111472.

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The trampoline is a popular piece of sports equipment both for recreational use and for Olympic trampolining as a competitive sport. Maintaining body position during jumps is influenced by sensory inputs (visual, auditory, and somatosensory) and symmetrical muscle activity that help athletes to perform consecutive jumps as vertically as possible. To evaluate the effects of these inputs, 15 male and 15 female students (with an average age of 24.4 years, height of 174.3 cm, and average weight of 69.7 kg) performed 10 consecutive straight jumps under four sensory conditions: (1) looking at the ed

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31

Hay, Y. Audrey, Jérémie Naudé, Philippe Faure, and Bertrand Lambolez. "Target Interneuron Preference in Thalamocortical Pathways Determines the Temporal Structure of Cortical Responses." Cerebral Cortex 29, no. 7 (2018): 2815–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhy148.

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Abstract Sensory processing relies on fast detection of changes in environment, as well as integration of contextual cues over time. The mechanisms by which local circuits of the cerebral cortex simultaneously perform these opposite processes remain obscure. Thalamic “specific” nuclei relay sensory information, whereas “nonspecific” nuclei convey information on the environmental and behavioral contexts. We expressed channelrhodopsin in the ventrobasal specific (sensory) or the rhomboid nonspecific (contextual) thalamic nuclei. By selectively activating each thalamic pathway, we found that nons

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32

Giunchiglia, Fausto, Enrico Bignotti, and Mattia Zeni. "Human-Like Context Sensing for Robot Surveillance." International Journal of Semantic Computing 12, no. 01 (2018): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x1840007x.

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Robot surveillance requires robots to make sense of what is happening around them, which is what humans do with contexts. This is critical when the robots have to interact with people. Thus, the main issue is how to model human-like context to be mapped to robots, so that they can mirror human understanding. We propose a context model, organized according to the different dimensions of the environment. We then introduce the notions of endurants and perdurants to account for how space and time, respectively, aggregate context for humans. To map real-world data, i.e. sensory inputs, to our conte

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33

Sparks, Daniel W., and C. Andrew Chapman. "Heterosynaptic modulation of evoked synaptic potentials in layer II of the entorhinal cortex by activation of the parasubiculum." Journal of Neurophysiology 116, no. 2 (2016): 658–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00095.2016.

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The superficial layers of the entorhinal cortex receive sensory and associational cortical inputs and provide the hippocampus with the majority of its cortical sensory input. The parasubiculum, which receives input from multiple hippocampal subfields, sends its single major output projection to layer II of the entorhinal cortex, suggesting that it may modulate processing of synaptic inputs to the entorhinal cortex. Indeed, stimulation of the parasubiculum can enhance entorhinal responses to synaptic input from the piriform cortex in vivo. Theta EEG activity contributes to spatial and mnemonic

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34

Isomura, Takuya, Thomas Parr, and Karl Friston. "Bayesian Filtering with Multiple Internal Models: Toward a Theory of Social Intelligence." Neural Computation 31, no. 12 (2019): 2390–431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_01239.

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To exhibit social intelligence, animals have to recognize whom they are communicating with. One way to make this inference is to select among internal generative models of each conspecific who may be encountered. However, these models also have to be learned via some form of Bayesian belief updating. This induces an interesting problem: When receiving sensory input generated by a particular conspecific, how does an animal know which internal model to update? We consider a theoretical and neurobiologically plausible solution that enables inference and learning of the processes that generate sen

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35

Aggrey Shitsukane, Calvins Otieno, James Obuhuma, Lawrence Mukhongo, and Gideon Wandabwa. "Enhanced Perception and Control in Autonomous Robot Using Proximity-Based Fuzzy Logic Sensor Fusion." International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology 11, no. 2 (2025): 3837–48. https://doi.org/10.32628/cseit25112864.

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Reliable navigation in unknown environments is a fundamental challenge in autonomous robotics. This paper presents an optimized sensor fusion framework for nonholonomic mobile robots operating without prior maps. We integrate multi-directional proximity sensors emulating ultrasonic and IR systems via a fuzzy logic-based fusion engine that interprets uncertain, overlapping sensory inputs in real time. The system leverages low level proximity data and converts it into navigation commands by dynamically adjusting input weighting based on environmental complexity. The architecture is implemented i

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36

Norré, Marcel E. "Sensory Interaction Posturography in Patients with Peripheral Vestibular Disorders." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 110, no. 3 (1994): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989411000304.

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Анотація:

The results of posturography, using all sensory Inputs, are compared with recordings when one or more of the sensory inputs are altered by the test conditions. This gives an Idea of the sensory interaction in central compensation in the vestibulospinal reflex. Positive and negative effects could be observed in patients with peripheral vestibular disorders.

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37

Murray, Peter D., and Asaf Keller. "Somatosensory response properties of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in rat motor cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 106, no. 3 (2011): 1355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01089.2010.

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Анотація:

In sensory cortical networks, peripheral inputs differentially activate excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Inhibitory neurons typically have larger responses and broader receptive field tuning compared with excitatory neurons. These differences are thought to underlie the powerful feedforward inhibition that occurs in response to sensory input. In the motor cortex, as in the somatosensory cortex, cutaneous and proprioceptive somatosensory inputs, generated before and during movement, strongly and dynamically modulate the activity of motor neurons involved in a movement and ultimately shape cor

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38

Castro-Alamancos, Manuel A. "Role of Thalamocortical Sensory Suppression during Arousal: Focusing Sensory Inputs in Neocortex." Journal of Neuroscience 22, no. 22 (2002): 9651–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.22-22-09651.2002.

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39

Wallace, M. T., M. A. Meredith, and B. E. Stein. "Converging influences from visual, auditory, and somatosensory cortices onto output neurons of the superior colliculus." Journal of Neurophysiology 69, no. 6 (1993): 1797–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1993.69.6.1797.

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Анотація:

1. Physiological methods were used to examine the pattern of inputs from different sensory cortices onto individual superior colliculus neurons. 2. Visual, auditory, and somatosensory influences from anterior ectosylvian sulcus (AES) and visual influences from lateral suprasylvian (LS) cortex were found to converge onto individual multisensory neurons in the cat superior colliculus. An excellent topographic relationship was found between the different sensory cortices and their target neurons in the superior colliculus. 3. Corticotectal inputs were derived solely from unimodal neurons. Multise

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40

Tampuu, Ardi, Romet Aidla, Jan Aare van Gent, and Tambet Matiisen. "LiDAR-as-Camera for End-to-End Driving." Sensors 23, no. 5 (2023): 2845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23052845.

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Анотація:

The core task of any autonomous driving system is to transform sensory inputs into driving commands. In end-to-end driving, this is achieved via a neural network, with one or multiple cameras as the most commonly used input and low-level driving commands, e.g., steering angle, as output. However, simulation studies have shown that depth-sensing can make the end-to-end driving task easier. On a real car, combining depth and visual information can be challenging due to the difficulty of obtaining good spatial and temporal alignment of the sensors. To alleviate alignment problems, Ouster LiDARs c

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41

Bell, C. C., V. Z. Han, Y. Sugawara, and K. Grant. "Synaptic plasticity in the mormyrid electrosensory lobe." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 10 (1999): 1339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.10.1339.

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The mormyrid electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL) is one of several different sensory structures in fish that behave as adaptive sensory processors. These structures generate negative images of predictable features in the sensory inflow which are added to the actual inflow to minimize the effects of predictable sensory features. The negative images are generated through a process of association between centrally originating predictive signals and sensory inputs from the periphery. In vitro studies in the mormyrid ELL show that pairing of parallel fiber input with Na+ spikes in postsynaptic c

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Gudžiūnas, Vaidotas, Aurelijus Domeika, Berta Ylaitė, Donatas Daublys, and Linas Puodžiukynas. "Quantitative Assessment of the Effect of Instability Levels on Reactive Human Postural Control Using Different Sensory Organization Strategies." Applied Sciences 14, no. 22 (2024): 10311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app142210311.

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Reactive postural control (RPC), essential for maintaining balance during daily activities, relies on a complex sensory system integrating visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive inputs. Deficits in RPC can lead to falls, especially in unpredictable environments where sensory inputs are challenged. Traditional rehabilitation often fails to prepare patients adequately for real-world conditions. This study aims to explore the effects of varying instability levels (ILs) and sensory integration strategies (SIS) on RPC by evaluating balance disturbances without applying additional external force. Tw

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43

Murayama, Masanori, and Matthew E. Larkum. "Dendritic cording of sensory inputs and animal behavior." Neuroscience Research 68 (January 2010): e13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2010.07.289.

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44

Kareklas, Kyriacos, Gareth Arnott, Robert W. Elwood, and Richard A. Holland. "Relationships between personality and lateralization of sensory inputs." Animal Behaviour 141 (July 2018): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.05.016.

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45

Mao, Yu-Ting, and Sarah L. Pallas. "Cross-Modal Plasticity Results in Increased Inhibition in Primary Auditory Cortical Areas." Neural Plasticity 2013 (2013): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/530651.

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Loss of sensory input from peripheral organ damage, sensory deprivation, or brain damage can result in adaptive or maladaptive changes in sensory cortex. In previous research, we found that auditory cortical tuning and tonotopy were impaired by cross-modal invasion of visual inputs. Sensory deprivation is typically associated with a loss of inhibition. To determine whether inhibitory plasticity is responsible for this process, we measured pre- and postsynaptic changes in inhibitory connectivity in ferret auditory cortex (AC) after cross-modal plasticity. We found that blocking GABAAreceptors i

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46

Masuda, Naoki. "Simultaneous Rate-Synchrony Codes in Populations of Spiking Neurons." Neural Computation 18, no. 1 (2006): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089976606774841521.

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Firing rates and synchronous firing are often simultaneously relevant signals, and they independently or cooperatively represent external sensory inputs, cognitive events, and environmental situations such as body position. However, how rates and synchrony comodulate and which aspects of inputs are effectively encoded, particularly in the presence of dynamical inputs, are unanswered questions. We examine theoretically how mixed information in dynamic mean input and noise input is represented by dynamic population firing rates and synchrony. In a subthreshold regime, amplitudes of spatially unc

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47

Le Ray, Didier, Frédéric Brocard, and Réjean Dubuc. "Muscarinic Modulation of the Trigemino-Reticular Pathway in Lampreys." Journal of Neurophysiology 92, no. 2 (2004): 926–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01025.2003.

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In lampreys, reticulospinal neurons integrate sensory inputs to adapt their control onto the spinal locomotor networks. Whether and how sensory inputs to reticulospinal neurons are modulated remains to be determined. We showed recently that cholinergic inputs onto reticulospinal neurons play a key role in the initiation of locomotion elicited by stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region in semi intact lampreys. Here, we examined the possible role of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in modulating trigeminal inputs to reticulospinal neurons. A local application of muscarinic agonists o

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48

Ludueña, Guillermo A., and Claudius Gros. "A Self-Organized Neural Comparator." Neural Computation 25, no. 4 (2013): 1006–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00424.

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Learning algorithms need generally the ability to compare several streams of information. Neural learning architectures hence need a unit, a comparator, able to compare several inputs encoding either internal or external information, for instance, predictions and sensory readings. Without the possibility of comparing the values of predictions to actual sensory inputs, reward evaluation and supervised learning would not be possible. Comparators are usually not implemented explicitly. Necessary comparisons are commonly performed by directly comparing the respective activities one-to-one. This im

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49

Horev, Guy, Avraham Saig, Per Magne Knutsen, Maciej Pietr, Chunxiu Yu, and Ehud Ahissar. "Motor–sensory convergence in object localization: a comparative study in rats and humans." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1581 (2011): 3070–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0157.

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In order to identify basic aspects in the process of tactile perception, we trained rats and humans in similar object localization tasks and compared the strategies used by the two species. We found that rats integrated temporally related sensory inputs (‘temporal inputs’) from early whisk cycles with spatially related inputs (‘spatial inputs’) to align their whiskers with the objects; their perceptual reports appeared to be based primarily on this spatial alignment. In a similar manner, human subjects also integrated temporal and spatial inputs, but relied mainly on temporal inputs for object

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50

Abd, Hamam, and Andreas König. "On-Chip Adaptive Implementation of Neuromorphic Spiking Sensory Systems with Self-X Capabilities." Chips 2, no. 2 (2023): 142–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chips2020009.

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In contemporary devices, the number and diversity of sensors is increasing, thus, requiring both efficient and robust interfacing to the sensors. Implementing the interfacing systems in advanced integration technologies faces numerous issues due to manufacturing deviations, signal swings, noise, etc. The interface sensor designers escape to the time domain and digital design techniques to handle these challenges. Biology gives examples of efficient machines that have vastly outperformed conventional technology. This work pursues a neuromorphic spiking sensory system design with the same effici

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