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1
KELLEY, THOMAS. "URBAN POVERTY AND CHURCH VIABILITY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1179856612.
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2
Hartmann, Franz M. "Nature in the city : urban ecological politics in Toronto /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0023/NQ39270.pdf.
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3
Taylor, Howard. "Child work and school attendance in urban India." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299990.
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4
Uncles, M. D. "Models of consumer shopping behaviour in urban areas." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/653c145a-2ac7-49a9-bd65-3bd88de90217.
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5
Leamrasamee, Kasinee. "Urban structure and change of Columbus, Ohio from 1950-1980." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1248715767.
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6
Holliday, Amy Lynn. "Understanding a Distinct Form of Urban Inequality: Suburban Neighborhood Poverty." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1396281518.
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7
Wurm, Gregory Joseph. "Doing and Interpreting Lyrical Sociology: Living in Detroit." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6884.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis examines, experiments with, and theorizes the value of lyrical sociology as an approach to social scientific research. A lyrical sociology, as proposed by Andrew Abbott, seeks to describe an author's emotional response to a phenomenon rather than explain it. This allows for a researcher's own experience to play a role in the research process in a way that helps the reader to connect emotionally and ethically to both the world they read about and the world they themselves are a part of. It has valuable implications for the way researchers relate to their research, their research subjects, their audience, and ultimately their own lives. I start by situating lyrical sociology within the broader context of the discipline, and the social sciences more generally, and then elaborate upon the specific stance and mechanics required of the writer and reader of lyrical works. Next, I present a series of lyrical vignettes about the time I spent living as a missionary in inner-city Detroit. Lastly, I give an analysis and reflection on what I learned from the process of writing and reading these stories and then conclude with a discussion on future directions lyrical sociology can take.
8
Worrall, Les. "Information systems development and the analysis of urban change." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233846.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The two main aims of the thesis are, first, to improve our understanding of how urban systems adjust and, second, to explain how the social costs of adjustment are distributed among sub-groups within the urban system. The main stimuli to the project were the realisation that the social costs of urban adjustment tend to be concentrated upon those with the least power in the markets which operate within urban areas and the concern that much urban analysis has been undertaken without an adequate information base. Design criteria for urban information systems are developed and the thesis makes use of a unique suite of information systems, which were created to monitor the development of Telford New Town, to achieve the above aims and objectives. The period under study (1978 to 1983) was one of intense demographic, economic and social change in Telford and it is argued that the findings developed from an analysis urban problems in Telford are more generally applicable. Within the thesis, an attempt has been made to integrate theoretical and methodological developments in several areas and to apply them to the analysis of urban change. In particular, recent developments in segmented labour market theory are used as a foundation for a conceptual model of the urban labour market and a behavioural theory of the firm. Recent changes in industrial structure, employment and unemployment are examined in order to test if these changes were consistent with the expectations derived from the theoretical base. The structure of the thesis is straightforward: in Chapter Two a rationale for intervention in the urban system is developed prior to outlining a framework for urban planning and analysis. In Chapters Three, Four and Five, the objectives are to review relevant labour market theory, to develop a conceptual model of an urban labour market and to discuss the urban significance of unemployment. In Chapter Six, recent social, economic and 5lemographic change in Telford is described as a context for subsequent analysis. In Chapter Seven, a suite of local information is described. In Chapters Eight and Nine, recent change in industrial structure, employment and unemployment are analysed to test the validity of the conceptual model of the urban labour market and the related concepts developed in earlier chapters.
9
Dawson, Colin Michael. "Young people and leisure in a deprived urban area." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1631.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis reports on a study of the leisure activities of a group of young people aged eleven to sixteen, growing up in a particularly deprived urban area of Plymouth. The analyses are based on data derived from secondary sources, a questionnaire survey, and semi-structured interviews. The fieldwork was conducted between November 1991, and June 1992. Much sociological research into the transition to adulthood has concentrated on the years from sixteen to twenty-one as the years when the most important life changes occur. Thus, the transition to adulthood is seen as part of a process of social and cultural reproduction, taking place through the transition from school to work, the transition to an independent residential unit, and the transition to a family of one's own. This thesis, however, suggests that the transition to adulthood begins much earlier than sixteen, and that this can be illustrated through the changing nature of leisure activities between the ages of eleven and sixteen. This thesis, therefore, is an exploration of the ways in which leisure practices change between the ages of eleven and sixteen, and the significance of those changes for the transition to adulthood, as part of a process of social and cultural reproduction. A distinction is made between home-based activities; out-of-home organised activities; out-of-home unorganised activities; sporting activities; cultural activities; and illegal activities. Here, the evidence suggests that between the ages of eleven and sixteen, there is a general decline in home based activities, and out-of-home organised activities, and a move towards more unstructured, unorganised activities, foUowed by a move towards more adult-oriented leisure activities. These data indicate that the transition to adulthood, as part of a process of social and cultural reproduction, is characterised by a number of informal and less structured changes taking place in young people's lives, prior to the age of sixteen. These are at least as important as the structural changes which take place beyond the age of sixteen. These findings provide case study information on a particular set o f leisure experiences, and relate to wider perspectives on the transition to adulthood.
10
Sotratti, Marcelo Antonio. "Pelas ladeiras do Pelo : a requalificação urbana como afirmação de um produto turistico." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287028.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientador: Maria Tereza Duarte Paes Luchiari<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T17:59:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2005<br>Résumé: Cette recherche approche, à l'effet de la réhabilitation urbaine, les anciens secteurs des villes dotés du patrimoine culturel. Elle démontre, avec des réflexions théoriques, l'association de cette stratégie avec les intérêts des groupes économiques et sociaux aux échelles locales et globales. Le paysage urbain est aussi anaIysé et affirme l' expression des proces sociaux et historiques des lieux, par Ia materialité symbolique du paysage. Dans cet aspect, la recherche démontre que la réhabilitation urbaine résulte en la théâtralisation du patrimoine culturel comme un scénario du tourisme et de la consommation. Avec dês importantes comparaisons,comme le modele de la réhabilitation urbaine de Barcelone et d'autres villes mondiales - et son association avec la pIanification stratégique, et le cãs brésilien emblématique: le Programa de Recuperação do Centro Histórico de Salvador - Pelourinho, BA, elle établis les reIations entre le patrimoine cuIturel, dans Ies projects de réhabilitation et le tourisme. À travers de l'analyse des activités locaIes au Pelourinho et de l'étude des mouvements touristiques, les questions initiaIes de la recherche sont confirmées. Toutefois, la réaction de la population à ce proces est manifesté par la formation des territorialités horizontales. L'importance de ce travail se résume em approfondir des réflexions sur la dynamique sociaIe et espaciaIe des villes contemporains, tellement bien comme sa logique et ses conflits, en contribuant avec le développement dês nouvelles Iignes conceptuelles pour les plans d'aménagement des villes à l'avenir<br>Resumo: A presente pesquisa aborda os efeitos da requalificação urbana em antigas áreas dotadas de patrimônio cultural.Demonstra, através de uma discussão teórica, a associação dessa estratégia com os interesses de grupos econômicos e sociais ligados às escalas local e global. A paisagem urbana também é analisada através de sua materialidade simbólica, expressando os processos sociais e históricos das localidades. Nesse aspecto, constata que a requalificação urbana acaba espetacularizando o patrimônio cultural, e transformando-o num cenário para o turismo e o consumo. Realiza algumas comparações importantes, como o modelo de requalificação urbana de Barcelona e outras cidades mundiais - e sua associação com o planejamento estratégico, com o emblemático caso brasileiro: o Programa de Recuperação do Centro Histórico de Salvador - Pelourinho, BA. A partir da análise do uso do solo no Centro Histórico de Salvador e de seus fluxos turísticos, confirma-se a questão inicial da pesquisa. Entretanto, observa-se ainda a reação da população local a esse processo, ao detectar a formação de algumas territorialidades horizontais. A importância deste trabalho se resume no aprofundamento das reflexões sobre a dinâmica sócio-espacial das cidades contemporâneas, bem como sua lógica e conflitos, de forma a contribuir com o desenvolvimento de novas linhas conceituais para o planejamento das cidades futuras<br>Abstract: The present research approaches the effects ofthe urban rehabilitation in old areas's heritage. 1t demonstrates, through a theoretical reflection, the association of this urban strategy with the economic and social interests of the local and global groups. The urban landscape is also analyzed, through its symbolic materiality, and expresses the social and historical processes of the localities. fu this way, it evidences that the urban rehabilitation adopts the cultural heritage as a spectacular scene for the tourism and the consumption activities. It carries out some important comparisons, like the model of urban rehabilitation of Barcelona and other world-wide cities - and its association with the strategical plarming, to the emblematic Brazilian case: the Programa de Recuperação do Centro Histórico de Salvador - Pelourinho, BA. From the analysis of the Centro Histórico de Salvador activities and the tourist flows studies, the initials questions of this research are confrnned. However, the reaction of the local population to this process is detected through the horizontal territorialities observed in this brazilian area. The importance of this work is to enlarge the reflections about the social and spacial dynamics of the contemporaries cities, as well as its logic and conflicts, and contributes with the development of new conceptual ideas for the planning ofthe future cities<br>Mestrado<br>Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial<br>Mestre em Geografia
11
Lima, Ivan Oliveira 1985. "Conjuntos habitacionais e segregação socioespacial : o Distrito Industrial de Campinas (DIC)." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287741.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientador: Regina Célia Bega dos Santos<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T11:56:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2013<br>Resumo: A presente pesquisa analisa um setor da porção sudoeste da cidade de Campinas, popularmente conhecida como "região do DIC (Distrito Industrial de Campinas)". Tal localidade teve seu crescimento estimulado pelo poder público municipal a partir da década de 1970, com o surgimento do PPDI (Plano Municipal de Desenvolvimento Integrado) e criação do distrito industrial do município. Tais estratégias não foram suficientes para completar com sucesso os planos da administração municipal. Em meio a dívidas e a crise do sistema capitalista capital da década de 1970, fora incentivada a ocupação da localidade pelos conjuntos habitacionais da COHAB, que acabaram servindo de vetor para o aumento da densidade populacional da região, incentivando o surgimento de vários bairros no entorno. Durante todos estes processos, os poderes do capital e do Estado se aliaram de tal maneira, que deu origem a uma das áreas mais segregadas de Campinas, com infraestrutura precária e elevada concentração populacional. A produção deste espaço é aqui comparada à noção de habitat debatida por Lefebvre, e fora concebida como máquina de morar, que nega a população que ali reside o direito a cidade. Através de análise bibliográfica e empírica, constatamos como a conquista deste direito está longe do cotidiano dos cidadãos que ali residem, e o quanto a produção do espaço urbano está direcionado ao valor de troca e a taxa de lucro que a cidade pode proporcionar aos detentores do proprietários do solo urbano e do capital, estando sempre distante de atender aos que ali vivem<br>Abstract: This research analyzes a sector of the southwest region of Campinas city, which is widely known as "DIC region (Industrial District of Campinas)". This region had its growth stimulated by strategies of the municipal government since the 1970s, with the emergence of PPDI (Preliminary Plan of Integrated Development) and the creation of the industrial district of the city. Those strategies were not enough to successfully accomplish the plans of the public administration. In a scenario marked by municipal debts and the international crises of the capitalism system in the 1970s, the public administration promoted the occupation of locality by social housing of COHAB, which contributed for the increase of the population concentration of the region, stimulating the establishment and growth of many neighborhoods around it. During all these processes, the municipal and state administration joined forces in such way that gave rise to the most segregated areas of Campinas, with a precarious infrastructure and a high population densification. The production of this space can be compared to the notion of habitat debated by Lefebvre, and was conceived as a housing machine, which neglects the region inhabitants the right to the city. Based on a literature and empirical analysis, we verified that the region inhabitants are still far from being able to achieve this right. We also verified how the development of the urban space is influenced by the exchange value and the profit rate that the city can give to owners of urban soil and of the financial capital. As a result, this development is very far from attending the demands and needs of the inhabitants of the region<br>Mestrado<br>Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial<br>Mestre em Geografia
12
Schrijnemaekers, Stella Christina. "A casa e os seus objetos: construções da identidade em famílias de camadas populares." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-04102011-083001/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Esta tese apresenta uma análise das relações das pessoas de camadas populares com a casa em que moram e os objetos que a compõe para compreender como se dão os processos de construção da identidade para essa camada da população tomando como objeto suas relações com a moradia e seus objetos. A hipótese do trabalho é a de que o espaço da casa expressa processos de construção da identidade. Esta pesquisa entende que os membros de uma mesma casa não se relacionam com o espaço da mesma forma. Na verdade, acredita-se que o espaço da casa seja negociado, renegociado e apreendido, de acordo com os projetos individuais. Para tanto foram pesquisadas quatorze casas cujas famílias moram numa favela da cidade de São Paulo.<br>This thesis intends to analyze the relationship between working classes with the place where they live as well as the role of the respective objects that make up their homes. The aim of this study is to comprehend the way that the dwellers identities are built taking into consideration their residences and also the respective objects. The main hypothesis of this work is that the space at home expresses the construction process of identity. This research understands that the members of a family have a different ways of interacting with the home. As a matter of fact, it is believed that the space occupation in the houses is subject to negotiation, re-negotiation and then assimilated according to plans of life of each individual . To write this thesis I carried out a research among 14 families that live in a slum area situated in São Paulo.
13
Condon, Katherine Marie. "Health care utilization behavior of elders in a multicultural urban environment." FIU Digital Commons, 2000. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2420.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this research is to determine the influences of social, environmental, behavioral, and economic forces on the health care service utilization of four racial/ethnic groups of non-institutionalized elders in a multicultural urban environment. To address these issues this dissertation examines three intertwined themes of culture, aging, and health, using a sample of elders residing in Miami-Dade County, FL in four racial/ethnic groups: white non-Hispanic; black non-Hispanic English speakers; Cuban; and non-Cuban Hispanic.
The research questions were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative data. Data for the quantitative component uses telephone survey data from the Dade County Needs Assessment. The purpose of this component is to develop a more comprehensive model of elder health care utilization behavior. The qualitative component uses data from focus groups from Dade County Needs Assessment, archival data and a literature review of previous ethnographic research. The purpose of this component is to gain a better understanding of the social construction of the terms "age" and "aging," as well as to place issues of health and health care in the lives of elders.
14
McKay, Mary Ana. "Understanding Refugee Women’s Contexts in Urban Ohio: A Mixed-Methods Approach." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587649882006415.
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15
Schoene, Matthew. "Transnational Social Movement Activism in the New Urban World." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437519854.
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16
Hirschfield, A. F. G. "Urban deprivation; its causes, manifestation and inter-relationships with urban social structure and health status : An investigation with specific reference to Leeds Metropolitan District." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371844.
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17
Valera, Mariana Franzolin [UNESP]. "Dinâmicas de uma política urbana: tensões na implantação de um conjunto habitacional na cidade de Marília/SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152525.
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Previous issue date: 2017-12-08<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>A presente dissertação analisou o processo de implantação do Conjunto Habitacional São Bento, na periferia da Zona Sul da cidade de Marília-SP. Para realizar este estudo, foi necessário compreender o processo de ocupação do solo urbano desde a fundação da cidade, suas características mais importantes, bem como entender o processo de periferização da cidade, sobretudo, a expansão da Zona Sul, desde meados dos anos 1980. A análise percorreu o debate da área de sociologia urbana no que diz respeito aos efeitos perversos das políticas habitacionais no Brasil que, ao produzirem o espaço urbano, também constituem espaços de segregação, tão bem definidos pela ideia de enclave fortificado de Caldeira (2000). Além disso, a pesquisa demonstrou que as políticas habitacionais na cidade de Marília reforçam o processo de segregação urbana da cidade e são fortemente baseadas no populismo político e no privilégio dado aos interesses dos empresários da construção civil, ignorando, assim, as necessidades por habitação da população da cidade.<br>The present dissertation have analyzed the implementation process of São Bento Housing Set, in the outskirts of the South Zone of Marilia city, in Sao Paulo state, Brazil. To carry out this study, it was necessary to understand the process of urban land occupation since the foundation of the city, it's most important characteristics, as well as to understand the process of peripherization of the city, especially the expansion of the South Zone, since the mid 80s. The analysis covered the urban sociology debate with regard to the perverse effects of housing policies in Brazil, which as the cities grows, the segregations spaces grow as well, perfectly defined by the idea of a fortified enclave of Caldeira (2000). In addition, research has shown that housing policies in Marilia city reinforce the urban segregation process of the city and are strongly based on political populism and privileges that the construction business owners have, thus ignoring the housing needs of the city's population.
18
Quadros, Caroline Souza de. "A constituição de espaços para as classes abastadas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/31732.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Esta dissertação estuda aspectos da constituição e formação de parcelas do espaço urbano próprias das classes abastadas – bairros ditos nobres, determinados shopping centers, condomínios fechados de alto padrão, ruas elegantes. Buscou-se contribuir para o conhecimento acerca das relações e dinâmicas que as camadas sociais mais ricas estabelecem com o espaço urbano, criando ou redefinindo áreas privilegiadas. Este trabalho consiste num estudo de caso de um espaço emblemático da cidade de Porto Alegre, a rua Padre Chagas, rua esta reconhecida como um espaço próprio das classes abastadas nos seus momentos de lazer e de socialização, tendo um público frequentador de perfil sócio-econômico relativamente homogêneo. Em linhas gerais, os objetivos da pesquisa buscavam compreender como este espaço público, mesmo preservando características de abertura e livre acesso, se constituiu num espaço seletivo. Investigou-se a formação da rua Padre Chagas e do bairro a que pertence, o perfil dos seus frequentadores, seus hábitos e preferências. A metodologia de pesquisa consistiu em estudo sobre a história rua e do bairro, realização de entrevistas com proprietários e gerentes dos estabelecimentos comerciais da rua e observações no local. A constituição da rua tal como hoje é conhecida implicou em transformações no seu perfil funcional (de exclusivamente residencial para residencial combinado ao comercial) e no seu ambiente construído. Essa transformação atendeu, portanto, à necessidade de manter o processo de acumulação do capital a partir da produção e transformação do espaço urbano. Todavia, um outro conjunto de aspectos ajudam explicar a atual configuração da rua: aqueles que dizem respeito a barreiras sutis e invisíveis que impedem o acesso e a permanência da população mais pobre nesse espaço público. Viu-se, assim, que o perfil abastado dos frequentadores está relacionado não só ao fato de a rua se localizar num bairro tradicionalmente de alto padrão, como também a questões de controle e territorialidade exercidos pelos moradores do bairro e pelo público cativo à rua, que determinam quem é considerado apropriado para estar ali e quem não é bem-vindo.<br>This study is about aspects of the constitution and formation of the parts from the urban space that is destined to wealthy class – rich neighborhoods, shoppings centers, well-heeled condominium and elegant streets. The intention was to make a contribution for the knowledge about the relations and dynamics that the wealthier social stratification establishes in the urban space, creating and redefining privileged areas. This dissertation consists in a study of an emblematic space from Porto Alegre city, the street called Padre Chagas, which is known as a place where the wealthy class has moments of leisure and socialization. It`s a place that attended a public with a relatively homogeneous socioeconomic profile. Broadly speaking, the aim of the research sought to understand how this public space constitutes itself in a selective space. The formation of Padre Chagas Street and the neighborhood in wich it belongs, the profile of its goers, their habits and preferences were investigated. The methodology research was constituted in a study about the street and the neighborhood`s history, interviews with the owners and managers of the business establishments located in the street, and local observations. The formation of the street how it is nowadays, suffered some transformations in its functional profile – from residential only to residencial combined toward comercial – and in the place that was constructed. The transformation attended, therefore, the necessity of maintain the process of the capital accumulation from the production and the transformation of the urban space. Nevertheless, there is other kind of aspects that helps to explain the current street`s configuration: the subtle and invisible barriers which prevent the access and permanence of the poorest population in this public space. So, it was possible to realize that the wealthly profile of the goers is not related only with the fact of the street being in a neighborhood traditionaly known as wealthly, but also it is related with controling and territoriality questions made by the residents of the neighborhood and by the goers, that settle who fitts in the street and who does not.
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Araujo, Jean Marcel Oliveira. "Bahia: negra, mas limpinha." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2006. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10661.
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Previous issue date: 2006<br>FAPESB<br>Este estudo tem por finalidade investigar o processo de desenvolvimento urbano implementado pelos grupos de elite da cidade da Bahia durante a segunda metade do século XIX e a primeira metade do século XX, permitindo compreender a configuração da cidade no início do século XXI. Tal processo foi impulsionado por um discurso modernizador que procurou efetivar, mediante uma política de controle social, a prevenção de enfermidades, a intervenção na estrutura física da cidade e a implantação da campanha de normatização para o uso pelos habitantes da cidade tanto do espaço público quanto privado, em especial, pelas camadas populares. Tem início, então, a produção do espaço capitalista que acontecia por intermédio de novas relações sociais, no movimento da vida, da natureza e da artificialidade, principalmente, no processo de construção de representações sobre os domínios do espaço citadino, constituindo, portanto, uma ferramenta essencial para os pensamentos e as ações voltados à produção e reprodução do capitalismo. Além de meio de produção, o espaço também constitui meio de controle, dominação e poder. A produção do espaço urbano na cidade da Bahia, a exemplo de outras cidades brasileiras e européias, seguia cada vez mais um parâmetro de segregação social, em que os grupos de elite, impulsionados pelo discurso de modernização, determinavam sua conformação, excluindo abertamente as camadas populares.<br>Salvador
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Anderson, Paul D. Jr. "Rural Urban Differences in Educational Outcomes: Does Religious Social Capital Matter?" University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1430749911.
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Newall, Jane Emma. "Preaching, witnessing and the urban community." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.
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Fair, Brian. "Youth Hockey in South Boston| Sport and Community in an Urban Neighborhood." Thesis, Brandeis University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10117576.
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<p> This dissertation is about the relationship between sport and community in South Boston. It focuses on forms of community. First, it will show how communal relations are constructed within the arena of youth sport. Then, it will show how those communal relations within sport relate to community dynamics within the neighborhood as a whole. In this sense, more specifically, the dissertation asks the question: what is the relationship between community within the rink and community within the neighborhood? Therefore, this dissertation is about the various, layered connections between sport and community in an urban neighborhood. It accomplishes this through qualitative methodology, specifically: two seasons of fieldwork and observations; as well as 20 tape-recorded, semi-structured interviews, and numerous informal, ongoing conversations with residents.</p>
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Zhang, Zhe. "Cohort Differences in the Gender Division of Household Labor in Urban China." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1376916003.
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Li, Yuhui. "Economic development and quality of life in urban communities of China (PRC) /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148768304937763.
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Sagan, Hans Nicholas. "Specters of '68| Protest, Policing, and Urban Space." Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3733389.
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<p> Political protest is an increasingly frequent occurrence in urban public space. During times of protest, the use of urban space transforms according to special regulatory circumstances and dictates. The reorganization of economic relationships under neoliberalism carries with it changes in the regulation of urban space. Environmental design is part of the toolkit of protest control. </p><p> Existing literature on the interrelation of protest, policing, and urban space can be broken down into four general categories: radical politics, criminological, technocratic, and technicalprofessional. Each of these bodies of literature problematizes core ideas of crowds, space, and protest differently. This leads to entirely different philosophical and methodological approaches to protests from different parties and agencies. </p><p> This paper approaches protest, policing, and urban space using a critical-theoretical methodology coupled with person-environment relations methods. This paper examines political protest at American Presidential National Conventions. Using genealogical-historical analysis and discourse analysis, this paper examines two historical protest event-sites to develop baselines for comparison: Chicago 1968 and Dallas 1984. Two contemporary protest event-sites are examined using direct observation and discourse analysis: Denver 2008 and St. Paul 2008. </p><p> Results show that modes of protest policing are products of dominant socioeconomic models of society, influenced by local policing culture and historical context. Each of the protest event-sites studied represents a crisis in policing and the beginning of a transformation in modes of protest policing. Central to protest policing is the concept of territorial control; means to achieve this control vary by mode of protest policing, which varies according to dominant socioeconomic model. Protesters used a variety of spatial strategies at varying degrees of organization. Both protesters and police developed innovations in spatial practice in order to make their activities more effective. </p><p> This has significant consequences for professionalized urban design. Both protester and policing spatial innovation involves the tactical reorganization and occupation of urban space. As urban space plays a constituent role in protest and policing, environmental designers must be aware of the political consequences of their designs.</p>
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Yeung, Chi Wai. "Urban redevelopment in late colonial Hong Kong : a socio-political analysis." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319958.
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The importance of land to the economy of Hong Kong lies in the fact that land sales are a major source of revenue to the colonial state. A continuous supply of land for private property development is essential for the survival of the colony's capitalist economy. If, for whatever reason, the supply of land is blocked, the developers, the state and the economy of Hong Kong as a whole will suffer. The failure of the market to release land in the old urban areas for redevelopment has forced the Hong Kong State to step in. The attempts, however, have been largely unsuccessful due mainly to the difficulties in land acquisition and the strong resistance from the affected residents. In 1987 the state established the Land Development Corporation [LDC] to intervene in the urban redevelopment process. The author argues that the LDC is basically a socio-political strategy serving the function of political legitimation for state intervention. The LDC can be regarded as a piece of state apparatus for providing the necessary means of intervention in the urban redevelopment process in order to ensure the release of land to private developers for profit making redevelopment projects (capital accumulation). At the same time it serves as a buffer to distance the state from being in direct conflict with the affected communities in the urban redevelopment process. However, if the conflict is a structural one inherent in the capitalist logic of development, the conflict will eventually be directed back to the state. The LDC will simply add one more layer to the administrative procedure in the redevelopment process. By conducting empirical studies on four of the LDC's redevelopment schemes during the period 1988-1992, with particular focus on the interactions between the affected communities and the LDC/the state, the author examines the role of the LDC so as to demystify the social reality of urban redevelopment in Hong Kong.
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Brown, Michael C. "Community voices : participatory communication for community development in Nepal's urban settings." Thesis, University of Derby, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298259.
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Bukky, Molly. "Urban and Rural Adolescent Drug use and its Relationship with Classic Criminological Theories." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1491988076561329.
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Yates, David. "Continuity through change : urban ecology in a south London market." Thesis, University of Kent, 2015. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/51581/.
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This research works to demonstrate how different descriptions of place and identity can be understood as being co-constructed. Specifically, how this process facilitates market to be adaptable, more resilient, type of place. It is an exploration of the notion that ‘People make places and places make people’. In order to illustrate the process of research and knowledge development, the first two chapters of this thesis demonstrate a progression of the research subject. Chapter 1 sets out the key characteristics and similarities of both place and identity presented across a range of disciplines and theories. It concludes that these similarities indicate a need for a theoretical development capable of encompassing the process of construction of both concepts. Chapter 2 begins to develop the theoretical approach by looking at a short background on the previous work on markets. Further, this chapter develops the approach taken that focuses on the material culture found in and around markets. This focus is structured by a focus on Actor Network Theory and specifically focuses on how this helps us understand distributed agency and what this might look like for an understanding of place and identity. In light of the subject and theory explored in the previous chapters, Chapter 3 provides the philosophical and methodological underpinning of this thesis. The chapter lays out how and why markets were chosen and provides the framework of the methodology including coding analysis, participant observation and ethical considerations. Following the phenomenological 12 tradition, such an account works to describe the complexity of interconnected events, highlighting the process of construction through interpretive account. The results chapters are highly descriptive and cover the key themes of resilience, connectivity and selection. The final results chapter focuses on the process of ‘stalling out’ as a performative one – the practice of which holds the construction of both individual and place identity. The four results chapters combine descriptive text and photographic images taken by the researcher and informants. Finally, the last chapter provides a very short summary and suggests that markets and people can be understood as very similar systems.
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Moran, James Joseph Jr. "The public realm : urban design within Suburbia." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23140.
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Mietala, Johanna. "Stadens struktur och pendlande miljöpåverkan : En kvantitativ studie om betydelsen av stadens fysiska och sociala struktur för miljöpåverkan i vardagsresor." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Sociology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-37340.
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<p>Sättet på vilket vi tar oss från en plats till en annan i staden har effekter på den lokala miljön samt i förlängningen även på det globala klimatet. För att våra system för persontransport ska gynna en hållbar samhällsutveckling står vardagliga resemönster, såsom pendlande till arbete och skola, för den stora utmaningen. Beroende på var i staden en individ är bosatt har denna följaktligen olika grad av tillgänglighet till kollektiva infrastrukturnätverk såsom sträckan till närmaste hållplats för tunnelbana. Möjligheterna att använda mindre miljöbelastande transportmedel skiljer sig därmed åt bland stadsbefolkningen vilket gör miljöpåverkan i vardagsresor relevant att studera ur ett sociologiskt perspektiv. Denna kandidatuppsats behandlar miljöpåverkan i vardagsresor i förhållande till individens fysiska och sociala plats i den urbana strukturen.</p><p>För att undersöka detta används ett redan befintligt intervjumaterial från studien ”Ett miljöanpassat Stockholm” som innefattar 633 intervjupersoner och utfördes i forskningsprogrammet Hushåll och Urbana Strukturer i Uthålliga Städer. Med kvantitativa metoder och sociologisk teori analyseras förhållandet mellan miljöpåverkan i vardagsresor och individens bofasta plats i den urbana strukturen. Detta förhållande problematiseras genom att jämföras för olika sociala grupper.</p><p>Resultaten visar att individer som är bosatta i gles urban struktur som kännetecknas av bostadsort med lägre tätortsgrad och låg grad av tillgänglighet till kollektiv infrastruktur tenderar att ha mer miljöpåverkan i vardagsresor jämfört med individer bosatta i tät urban struktur i bostadsort med högre tätortsgrad och hög grad av tillgänglighet till kollektiv infrastruktur. Vad gäller de sociologiska bakgrundsfaktorerna visar studien signifikanta skillnader i styrka för sambandet mellan urban struktur och individens miljöpåverkan i vardagsresor för grupper av respondenter med olika attityd till miljöpåverkan, familjetyp och ekonomisk situation.</p>
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Ambroso, Guido Claudio. "'Urban ethnicity' : culture and politics among Eritrean and Egyptian migrants in Milan." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1987. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317976/.
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This thesis argues that 'ethnicity' can be seen as the interplay between culture and politics in a specific social context. It compares the ethnic identity and organization of two migrant groups, Eritreans and Egyptians, in Milan and their contrasting relationship with the 'host society'. It also assesses the theoretical significance of 'cultural strategy', 'social closure' and the 'social construction of race', evaluating their significance for the concept of 'ethnicity'. The main method adopted is that of qualitative participant research. After a description of the social and cultural background of emigration and of the context of arrival, the thesis analyzes the main differences between the two groups in terms of patterns of employment, legal situation and housing. While these differences may partly be explained by the two groups' different demographic structures, social networks and ethnic identity, the crucial difference is in their different patterns of leadership, organization and political contacts with the 'host society'. The Eritreans have a high attendance at their 'ethnic institutions' because their leaders have been able to draw support from and to establish contacts with, sections of the 'host society' in order to find employment, to obtain sojourn permits and to gain access to public housing. By contrast, the Egyptians have a low attendance at the religious institution that they share with other Muslims, not only for ideological reasons, but also because of the institution's relative lack of resources. Instead, intermarriage is one of the main avenues of social advancement. The thesis concludes that 'ethnicity' can be seen as a 'usurpatory cultural strategy' in relation to the racist ideologies and 'exclusionary' practices of the 'host society'. For the Eritreans it involves the stressing of cultural distinctiveness and social enhancement at a group level. For the Egyptians it involves concealment of cultural difference and social enhancement pursued at an individual level.
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Zachou, Chryssanthi. "The urban villages' struggle with modernity in post-war Greece (1945-1995)." Thesis, University of Essex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249978.
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Mbokazi, Nonzuzo. "Understanding Childcare Choices amongst Low-Income Employed Mothers in Urban and Rural KwaZulu-Natal." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32830.
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This study explains how low-income employed mothers navigate care strategies for their young children (0-4 years). The study considers the constraints within which they make ‘choices' about caring for their children using the market, kin and state. In addition, the study argues that these ‘choices' are immensely constrained and that the low-income employed mothers have no real choice. For many women, the ‘feminisation of the workforce' – the growing number of women in paid work – has entailed enormous stress and pressure, as they combine strenuous paid work with the demands of mothering. Low-income employed mothers must balance paid with unpaid work, in ways that are different to women who have more resources. This study analyses how women do this within households where gendered roles and a gender hierarchy continue to prevail. In some cases, low-income employed mothers must take on not only do the ‘work' of managing the household but also the additional ‘work' of soliciting the fathers for financial support and involvement in at least some aspects of their children's lives. This is a phenomenon that existing literature has not captured. The work performed by low-income employed mothers is shaped by changes in the family structure and kinship relations. The family structure in South Africa has been described as disintegrating and in crisis. I argue that the presence of paternal kin had traditionally been a pertinent one in the life of a child (specifically in KwaZulu-Natal, the study site) based on patrilineal belonging. This has significantly shifted and has implications for low-income employed mothers already stretched thin balancing work and childcare with limited support. The ‘choices' made by working women are also framed by their understanding of motherhood, which are in turn framed by cultural and societal expectations and perceptions. Having engaged with the balance between paid and unpaid work (and other forms of work – cognitive work and the work of chasing money and involvement) that the mothers must do (mothering practices), the thesis makes sense of Zulu ideals about motherhood, and how these have shaped and informed the experiences of the mothers, in the present context of the changing position of women. Mothers are nearly always the gatekeepers for the provision of care for children. This study uses the lived experiences of low-income employed mothers to show that they cannot exercise much choice in determining how to provide care for their preschool children. Most of the institutional options – both through the market and the supposed state – are constrained by their inability to afford to look for better options and by their lack of time to travel to better options. Familial or kin options are constrained by the ambivalence of kin and mothers' own expectations and understandings of their own roles. The result is that employed mothers are often on their own, piecing together a combination of childcare arrangements that is very far from the ideal childcare they would like to provide for their children. Low-income employed mothers need to be supported in their roles as employed mothers; this would be possible through subsidized public provision of quality early childhood services. However, policy implications of this would need to be considered. For instance, what would quality childcare provision cost the state? Is it feasible in a country still working on undoing the policy implications of the apartheid state? It could be that the state might not have the capacity to organize this. The South African state has a very poor track record in converting public expenditure into high quality public services. Lessons from this can be drawn from a few examples, for instance health care, education and housing (which are problematic). This thesis adds to the literature in using the lived experiences of employed mothers to show that neither the state nor the market nor kin provide an adequate safety net for the care of the children of low-income employed mothers.
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Qian, Yue. "Marriage Squeeze for Highly Educated Women? Gender Differences in Assortative Marriage in Urban China." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337371626.
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Mello, Gisele Homem de. "Expansão e estrutura urbana de Santos (SP): aspectos da periferização, da deterioração, da intervenção urbana, da verticalização e da sociabilidade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-01122008-152645/.
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No intuito de identificar aspectos importantes que levem ao reconhecimento da estrutura urbana de Santos, a pesquisa analisa as modificações sócio-espaciais dessa cidade decorrentes de seus processos de modernização e expansão a partir de fins do século XIX, procurando compreender as ações dos principais agentes e fatores; os usos do solo e a vida urbana nos circuitos locais, destacando aspectos da deterioração, da verticalização, da periferização e da intervenção urbana. Adotamos uma análise pertinente a um amplo período da história territorial santista, dentro de uma escala intra-urbana, visando apreender aspectos efetivamente estruturais, ou seja, formadores desse espaço.<br>This research analyses the social and spacial modifications in Santos, resulted from its process of modernization and expansion since the end of the 19th century, and from this analysis, the research intends to identify important aspects which acknowledge the urban structure in Santos. It tries to comprehend the actions of the main subjects and the factors involved in it, as well as the land usage and the urban life on local basis, highlighting the deterioration aspects, verticalization, urban intervention and the suburbanization. We adopted an appropriate analysis applied to a wide period of the land history of Santos, within an intraurban scale, aiming to apprehend structural aspects, in other words, the formation of this space.
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Bolofer, Carl. "Urban voids re-inventing marginalized space /." PDF viewer required Home page for entire collection, 2007. http://archives.udmercy.edu:8080/dspace/handle/10429/9.
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Gurney, Craig M. "Meaning of home and home ownership : myths, histories, and experiences." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319099.
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Kural, Melis Su. "Making Sense of Post-Relocation for Public Housing Residents in Izmir, Turkey." Thesis, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10284268.
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<p> Ongoing economic insecurity, political conflicts, and increased terrorism attacks in eastern Turkey has generated massive internal migration into the country’s western cities, leading to vast changes in demographic, social, economic, and political structures. For decades, migrants and displaced persons lived in informal, makeshift dwellings in less developed spaces in the older city centers. Since 2000, municipal governments have relocated thousands of migrants to newly constructed, massive public housing developments in suburban “satellite cities.” </p><p> This dissertation examines the impact of relocation from the viewpoint of low-income women relocated to two neighborhoods, Zubeyde Hanim and Uzundere, in Izmir, Turkey, For this project, residents were asked about their perceptions and experiences with education and employment opportunities in the newly developed urban satellites communities and where relocation has or has not benefited them. Data for this dissertation include extensive fieldwork observations and seventy interviews with female residents and key community informants, such as high school and middle school principals and the director of educational and cultural programs. </p><p> The main findings of this dissertation show that access to newly provided educational and employment opportunities upon relocation mattered for particular everyday practices of the women. But their overall participation in these programs was low and relocation did not result in a significant increase in education and employment participation. Furthermore, the involvement of residents in new opportunities was largely influenced by their prior employment and educational experience. Another significant finding of this dissertation was that residents responded to the process of relocation differently based on cultural, religious, and gendered conditions. As a result, issues of resident trust and participation in community life differed for Zubeyde Hanim and Uzundere residents. The larger implications of this dissertation include the need for more inclusive forms of official communication between authorities and resettled residents that appreciates the challenges they experience.</p><p>
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Tanaka, Giselle Megumi Martino. "Periferia: conceito, práticas e discursos; práticas sociais e processos urbanos na metrópole de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16137/tde-26052010-133856/.
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Esta dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo analisar como o conceito de periferia foi construído socialmente, ao longo da segunda metade do século XX, como um conceito que se pretendeu explicativo dos fenômenos urbanos na metrópole de São Paulo. A idéia da metrópole como uma estrutura urbana configurada por um centro e uma periferia tem sido uma forma geral de descrever e mesmo explicar as dinâmicas de crescimento urbano de São Paulo. Trata-se de um modelo de entendimento resultante de um rico período de debates, pesquisas e processos sociais que levaram à construção da noção de periferia como uma noção explicativa das particularidades do desenvolvimento urbano de uma metrópole em um país industrial subdesenvolvido. A dissertação procura identificar o contexto do debate acadêmico em que periferia passa a ser utilizada com um sentido específico na literatura do campo de pesquisas urbanas da década de 1970, marcadamente do pensamento crítico brasileiro (sobre a formação da sociedade brasileira que visava a formulação de um projeto de desenvolvimento nacional com a superação das desigualdades sociais) e da sociologia urbana francesa. Apresenta pesquisas e ensaios que conceituam periferia e a colocam no centro da questão urbana no Brasil, e que levaram à incorporação da periferia como objeto de estudo e tema central da pesquisa urbana. A noção de periferia é uma construção social relacionada a práticas e discursos de sujeitos sociais e políticos de um contexto histórico específico, de ascensão dos chamados movimentos sociais urbanos, e de intensas mudanças na sociedade brasileira: a transição de um regime político autoritário e centralizador, para uma abertura democrática; e a passagem de um contexto de intenso crescimento econômico de base urbana-industrial para um período de recessão e agravamento dos problemas urbanos e sociais. Ao abordar a noção de periferia, procurando entender em que condições, este conceito adquire uma centralidade na questão urbana brasileira e como este conceito reforça uma chave de leitura das contradições da sociedade brasileira, pretendemos contribuir para a construção de um pensamento urbano que busque constituir questões relacionadas aos reais problemas das cidades brasileiras. Esta é certamente uma tarefa muito mais ampla que o âmbito deste trabalho. Escolhemos explorar este caminho de estudos, entendendo que a noção de periferia, está ainda fortemente presente nas leituras da metrópole de São Paulo, mas esvaziada da carga teórica que a constituiu. Superar esta visão significa voltar a pesquisa urbana para os fatores determinantes no processo de produção do espaço urbano, da segregação sócio-espacial, de deterioração do ambiente urbano e da qualidade de vida na cidade. Por meio da crítica e da identificação das limitações das formas de conhecimento que temos sobre as questões urbanas hoje, podemos construir novas bases para a apreensão das lógicas efetivas que regem a produção da cidade.<br>This essay intends to analyze how the concept of periphery was socially built, during the second half of the 20th century, as a concept that meant to explain the urban phenomena that took place in São Paulos metropolis. The idea of ametropolis structured by a center and a periphery has been a dominant way to describe and even to explain urban growth in São Paulo. This view of the urban environment based on a certain approach is resultant from a rich period of debates, researches and social processes, in which periphery has been built as a notion related to the particularities of the urban development in a metropolis of an underdeveloped country. The essay identifies the historical moment in which periphery turns out to be employed in a specific sense in the academic literature of the urban research in the 70s. The concept of periphery receives great influence of the Brazilian critical intellectual production, that started to understand the particularities of Brazils social structure in order to propose alternative development paths (aiming at overcoming the social inequalities); and also received the influence from French urban sociology. This work presents researches and essays produced in the field of Brazilian urban research, that focus on the conception of periphery as the central idea to understand the urban question in Brazil. The notion of periphery is a social construction related to social practices and discourses of social and political subjects that took place in a specific historical context, marked by the rise of the so called urban social movements, and by intense political and economic change, such as the transition from an authoritarian and centralized government to a democratic government, and the transition from a period of intense urban and economic growth, to a period of economic depression and growth of urban and social problems. By studying the notion of periphery and trying to understand why, and in which conditions this notion becomes central to urban studies, and how it reinforces a view of the contradictions of Brazilian social structure, we intend to contribute to the construction of a urban approach linked to the real problems of Brazilian cities. This is certainly a larger task than we are capable of undertaking. But we chose to exploit this theme understanding that the notion of periphery is still very present in the view of São Paulo Metropolis urban structure, though its theoretical basis has lost significance. Overcoming this view of the metropolis means to point urban research toward the real determinant factors of the production of urban space, the production of social spatial segregation, of the deterioration of the urban habitat, and life quality in the city. By identifying the limitations of the notion of periphery and the usual ways of explaining urban matters, it is possible to build new bases that will allow to apprehend the effective logics that conduct the production of urban space.
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Caputo, S. "Urban resilience : a theoretical and empirical investigation." Thesis, Coventry University, 2013. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/099fbc0c-c774-4a44-b6a0-c6919adcbc57/1.
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This thesis argues for the significance of urban resilience in sustainable urban development as well as for the necessity for practitioners to engage with this new emerging concept. It does so with a theoretical contribution to the definition of urban resilience, and with case studies analysis that help develop practical pathways to its attainment. For this purpose, the author has used a particular existing method (the Urban Futures method) developed within the EPSRC-funded four-year Urban Futures research programme. The author, as a member of the inter-disciplinary research team and of the sub-team of the ‘Surface Built Environment and Open Spaces’ work package, was instrumental to the development of that method, particularly for those aspects that pertain specifically to urban design and planning. In the section 5.3.3 the personal contribution of the author is described in detail. Moreover, interviews with practitioners presented in the chapter four, which constitute an essential part of the thesis, were conducted together with Dr. Maria Caserio, another team member of the work package mentioned above. She contributed to select interviewees, carry out the interviews, draft the transcripts, and discuss findings. However, the principal input in all these phases of the research comes exclusively from the author. The case studies presented in chapter six were also developed by the author throughout the course of the research programme. The chapter is based on papers that have been published or accepted for publication in peer-reviewed journals (Caputo et al, 2012; Caputo et al (forthcoming)), and on conference papers accepted for oral presentation (Caputo and Gaterell, 2011; Caputo and Gaterell, 2012) in two important international conferences: the Sustainable buildings conference - Helsinki, 2011; and the 1st International Conference on Urban Sustainability and Resilience - London, 2012. Likewise, chapter five introducing the Urban Futures method as well as the process of selection and modification of the future scenarios that are at its heart, is based on papers published in peer-reviewed journals, and on a book dedicated to the Urban Futures method printed by the Building Research Establishment, which the author has co-authored (Hunt et al, 2012; Boyko et al, 2012; Lombardi et al, 2012). Finally, chapter three and four presenting the literature review and the interviews to practitioners are based on an article submitted to a peer-reviewed journal, which the author has revised in response to reviewers’ comments and that is in the course of resubmission (Caputo, et al - Designing a resilient urban system. Submitted to Journal of Urbanism).
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Rosen, Eva. "The Rise of the Horizontal Ghetto: Poverty in a Post-public Housing Era." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11503.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the past two decades, changes in American housing policy have transformed the landscape of high-rise ghetto poverty. In its place, has emerged what I call the horizontal ghetto, where high-rise public housing has been demolished and poverty is turned on its side, spreading across the cityscape. Researchers are now beginning to document the reconcentration of voucher holders in moderately poor neighborhoods. This dissertation examines how residents come to live in this type of neighborhood, and how this new context shapes social organization for those who reside within it. I examine a case study neighborhood in Northwest Baltimore called Park Heights, in which I conducted 15 months of ethnographic fieldwork and 102 in-depth interviews. This neighborhood has a large population of working class black families who settled there in the late 1960's, a recent influx of voucher holders, and also a population of residentially unstable unassisted renters. I examine two complementary explanations for how and why voucher holders end up in neighborhoods like Park Heights. I propose that the landlord is an important piece of the puzzle; landlord practices sort the most disadvantaged voucher holders into some of the most disadvantaged neighborhoods, serving as a mechanism in the reproduction of spatial inequality and the concentration of poverty. I also consider how residents' experiences in contexts like Park Heights shape their decisions to remain in, and move to similar neighborhoods. Finally, I examine how the neighborhood context shapes social organization, and I argue that although poverty may be more moderate than in neighborhoods dominated by large-scale public housing, the horizontal context of instability and clustered voucher use may have deleterious consequences for social relations.<br>Sociology
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Chen, Yan Wendy. "Assessing the services and value of green spaces in urban ecosystem a case of Guangzhou City /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36206817.
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De, Neve Geert Raymond. "Tamil warps and wefts : an anthropological study of urban weavers in South India." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313760.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thesis consists of two parts. The first part focuses on the nature and dynamics of labour relations in two neighbouring textile towns of Tamilnadu (South India), Bhavani and Kumarapalayam. In Bhavani, handloom carpets are still woven, while in Kumarapalayam handlooms have been replaced by power-loom production since the 1950s. An ethnography of the workplace is provided, and the different work regimes and work rhythms within these industries are described, as well as the structure of authority, and the workplace as a social environment where friendships are forged and conflicts rooted. Particular attention is paid to the marked contrast between the labour militancy of the handloom weavers in Bhavani and the lack of labour organisation among the power-loom workers of Kumarapalayam. The handloom weavers have been firmly organised in a Weavers' Union and developed a class consciousness based on a weavers' identity, which transcends solidarities of caste. In the power-loom industry, on the other hand, workers' resistance appears much more individualised and indirect. Here, labour relations are to a considerable extent shaped by the employers' practice of giving advances to the workers they employ. It forms a crucial part of their recruitment strategy, profoundly affects their relations with labour, and gives rise to new problems of labour control and discipline. In the second part of the thesis the study of the workplace and labour relations is related to an examination of the role of caste, kinship and 'community' in the formation of labour relations and the development of industries. The pioneering role of particular caste groups is investigated and it is indicated how various communities deployed their own strategies of development ('business cultures') to move ahead in a competitive environment. Attention is drawn to the interrelationship between the domestic sphere and the workplace. The effect of waged job opportunities on the formation of workers' households, women's duties in the household in relation to their opportunities in the labour market, and the impact of friendships and love in the workplace on marital stability are explored. Finally, a sociopolitical analysis of local temple organisation and the annual goddess festival seeks to understand how the entire town is integrated into a single 'community' and how boundaries of caste and class are transcended under the patronage of the local 'big men' or wealthy industrialists. Their role as patrons and benefactors of the local 'community' is directly related to their constant search to control and discipline labour within the industries.
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Levine, Aaron Jackson. ""What About the Men? Investigating Alcohol Consumption, Masculinities, and Risky Sex in Peri-Urban Eswatini." PDXScholar, 2019. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5154.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study focuses on the narratives Swazi men create around drinking, masculinity, and sexual behavior. Alcohol myopia theory, motivational-expectation theory of drinking, and Connell's theory of masculinities were used to create research that details how alcohol and the cultural environment of gendered social drinking intertwine and interact with each other to form the gender structure of eSwatini. Twenty Swazi men were sampled by convenience, given semi-structured interviews, and questioned about their perceived and internal reasoning for the drinking of themselves and others, the observed drinking behaviors of others, their own drinking behaviors, how they viewed women in and accepted women into the gendered social drinking environment, and their own sexual behaviors while drinking or intoxicated. It was found that Swazi men drink as a performance of hegemonic masculinity and drinking is central to the masculine identities of the culture. Traditional and hyper masculine hegemonic masculinities as well as a number of subordinate and alternative masculinities are found in the narratives surrounding the gendered social drinking environment. An emphasized femininity is expected from women to avoid social drinking entirely while men gain a patriarchal dividend from women engaging in a pariah femininity through being present in the social drinking environment. The study concludes with recommendations for future research and international development efforts.
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King, Adrienne Jean 1973. "Urban Indians, people of color and the Albuquerque Police Department." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278663.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis is a study of the perceptions urban American Indians and people of color have toward the Albuquerque Police Department, focusing on the citizen complaint process. Analyzing these perceptions and hearing their experiences provides insight to how these peoples view their local law enforcement similarly and differently from each other and Anglos. While the issues of other peoples of color may be addressed, the needs of the indian community are rarely addressed. Without visibility and advocacy, American Indians are not represented and the issues important to them cannot be heard. Since little has been written on Indian and police relations it is possible to extrapolate from the experiences of other urban communities of color. To better understand the experiences of people of color with the Albuquerque Police Department three research methods are used: citizen complainant satisfaction surveys, interviews with citizen organizations and an individual case study.
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Keenan, Marilyn Agnew. "Including young people : exploring citizenship and participation in areas of urban regeneration." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/135/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There has been widespread concern not just in the UK, but also across much of Europe about the disconnection and disengagement of young people from democratic processes, both formal and informal (O’Toole, 2003). Taking into account the series of transformations that have occurred over recent years in the UK and the resulting in changes to established patterns of employment, social reproduction, family life and life experiences, it is young people who find themselves ‘positioned at the leading edge of many aspects of contemporary social change, and experience acutely the risks and opportunities that new social conditions entail’ (Hall et al., 1999). The revival of citizenship, democratic renewal and the participation of communities (and individuals) have been at the core of New Labour’s approach to revitalising cities in the UK. In Scotland, there has been an increasing drive by government to include young people in ‘mainstream’ society in the form of policy initiatives to create and underpin new opportunities for young people to participate more fully within the community. The purpose of this study is twofold, firstly, it focuses on the experiences of young people living in a disadvantaged area and (re) considers their understandings of participation and citizenship. Secondly, the study aims to explore the extent of the role of membership in a ‘consumer’ citizenship within a market dominated postmodern society. Situated at the intersection of social in/exclusion, ‘active’ citizenship and participation debates surrounding young people, this thesis uses the lens of ‘belonging’ and ‘membership’ to explore the issues among young people living in the west of Scotland and aims to widen debates about citizenship. The findings demonstrate that young people’s interests often fail to be understood, largely as a result of the attitudes of those who represent them, many of whom conflate or substitute their own views for those of young people. The study demonstrates that citizenship and participation for young people is neither fixed nor static, but remains homogenous, fluid and deeply entangled with everyday life experiences.
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Zambo, Eduardo Parras. "Operação Delegada e seus desdobramentos: militarização urbana em São Paulo?" Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19845.
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Previous issue date: 2017-03-08<br>Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq<br>The following dissertation is about the Operação Delegada, an agreement
signed between the Municipality of São Paulo and the State Government so
that the military police officers work, in their free time, to the municipality,
uniformed, armed and under the command of the Military Police. The municipal
government of São Paulo, on the other hand, pays a gratification to the police
officers, since they end up assuming municipal assignments not foreseen,
initially, for the performance of their position. The Operação Delegada, or at
least its principle, the hiring of police officers to work in different urban functions,
continues to be expanded to several other cities, becoming, more and more, a
state policy. However, its developments have not yet been described, nor
analyzed. Thus, the central objective of this research is to identify and
investigate the developments of the Operação Delegada, arguing that they are
part of a broader process of militarization of urban space, which has also been
described in the major metropolises of the world. Therefore, through the
analysis of Operação Delegada and the legislation that regulates it, in addition
to monitoring its actions, both through news published in the media, and
through field visits, including the elaboration of a critical discussion about the
concept of militarization, it is maintained that the Operação Delegada works as
a mechanism that extends the urban militarization in São Paulo, a phenomenon
that advances at full speed<br>A seguinte dissertação tem como objeto a Operação Delegada, um convênio
firmado entre a Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo e o Governo Estadual para
que os policiais militares trabalhem, em seus horários de folga, para o
município, fardados, armados e sob comando da Polícia Militar. A prefeitura de
São Paulo, em contrapartida, paga uma gratificação aos policiais, já que eles
acabam assumindo atribuições municipais não previstas, inicialmente, para o
desempenho de seu cargo. A Operação Delegada, ou ao menos o seu
princípio, a contratação de policiais de folga para atuarem em diferentes
funções urbanas, continua sendo expandido para diversas outras cidades, se
transformando, cada vez mais, em uma política de Estado. Entretanto, os seus
desdobramentos ainda não foram descritos, e nem analisados. Desse modo, o
objetivo central desta pesquisa é identificar e investigar os desdobramentos da
Operação Delegada, argumentando que eles se inserem em um processo mais
amplo de militarização do espaço urbano que, aliás, também já foi descrito nas
principais metrópoles do mundo. Assim, através da análise de seu
funcionamento e da legislação que a regula, além do acompanhamento de
suas ações, tanto por meio de notícias publicadas na mídia, quanto por meio
de visitas de campo, incluindo a elaboração de uma discussão crítica sobre o
próprio conceito de militarização, sustenta-se que a Operação Delegada
funciona como um mecanismo que amplia a militarização urbana em São
Paulo, um fenômeno que avança a todo vapor
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Haj-Ismail, Hanan Ahmad. "The participation of urban women in political and economic activities in the Arab World." Thesis, Keele University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261485.
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Mark-Lawson, Jane. "Women, welfare and urban politics : a comparative analysis of Luton and Nelson 1917-1934." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.256261.
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