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Статті в журналах з теми "Sodic soils"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 25 липня 2025

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1

Naidu, R., and P. Rengasamy. "Ion interactions and constraints to plant nutrition in Australian sodic soils." Soil Research 31, no. 6 (1993): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9930801.

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Анотація:

Many of the arable soils in Australia are affected by salinity and/or sodicity. Nutrient deficiency and ion toxicity may occur in both saline and sodic soils. Ho-ever, the mechanism for these constraints on plant growth in sodic soils differs from that of saline soils. Fertility of sodic soils with low nutrient reserves is compounded by the low supply of water and oxygen to roots in profiles with dispersive clays. Nutrient constraints in sodic soils are created by the electron and proton activities (pE and pH) in an environment of degraded soil structure. Australian sodic soils accumulate rela

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2

Bibik, Mykhailo, Hryhorii Moroz, Vitalii Kyrylenko, and Artem Kuzmenko. "The problem of the alkalinity degree diagnostics in the soils of the northwest of the Black sea region." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 51 (December 27, 2017): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2017.51.8734.

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Анотація:

According to the results of the study of soils in the Northwest of the Black Sea region, it is determined that here, in the profile of vorony-calcic and calcic Chernozems, both residual and weak alkalinity are manifested. It was found out, nowadays, in the national soil science, there are no clear criteria for the selection of sodic soils and for the determination of their alkalinity degree. Furthermore, there is also the question of the differentiation of the actually sodic and residual-sodic soils. It has been established that on the territory of the Northwest of the Black Sea region polygen

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3

Naidu, R., ME Sumner, and P. Rengasamy. "National conference on sodic soils - Summary and conclusions." Soil Research 31, no. 6 (1993): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9930949.

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Анотація:

Sodic soils cover over 28% of the total land area in Australia. It is clear from the papers delivered at the conference and workshop that sodic soils are beset with serious chemical, physical and nutritional problems. This report summarises these problems based on the discussions during the workshop sessions together with issues raised during group discussion on: (a) distribution, classification and mapping, (b) physical processes, (c) chemical processes, (d) nutrient constraints, (e) biology and organic matter, (f) environmental consequences and (g) management strategies for economically sust

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4

Rengasamy, P., and KA Olsson. "Sodicity and soil structure." Soil Research 29, no. 6 (1991): 935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9910935.

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Sodic soils are widespread in Australia reflecting the predominance of sodium chloride in groundwaters and soil solutions. Sodic soils are subject to severe structural degradation and restrict plant performance through poor soil-water and soil-air relations. Sodicity is shown to be a latent problem in saline-sodic soils where deleterious effects are evident only after leaching profiles free of salts. A classification of sodic soils based on sodium adsorption ratio, pH and electrolyte conductivity is outlined. Current understanding of the processes and the component mechanisms of sodic soil beh

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5

Sumner, ME. "Sodic soils - New perspectives." Soil Research 31, no. 6 (1993): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9930683.

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Анотація:

There are large areas of the world where soils are adversely affected by the presence of sodium (Na) as an exchangeable cation. Unlike their saline counterparts which are more extensive, sodic soils have received less attention in the literature. There has been considerable disagreement concerning the definition of sodicity, owing largely to the fact that many experiments used in the development of definitions did not account for the presence of salts in the water used to measure hydraulic properties. These problems are discussed and the conclusion is reached that a single simple definition is

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6

Chartres, CJ. "Sodic soils - an introduction to their formation and distribution in Australia." Soil Research 31, no. 6 (1993): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9930751.

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Анотація:

This paper briefly summarizes existing Australian data about causes of sodicity and the distribution of sodic soils in Australia. Sources of salts and sodium include atmospheric accession, salts released by weathering processes and saline groundwaters. A traditional model of sodic soil pedogenesis is contrasted with more recent data demonstrating the role of several factors including mineralogy, EC/ESP relationships and exchangeable magnesium percentage on development and behaviour of sodic soils. Limited data about the national distribution of sodic soils are presented. There has been very li

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7

Surapaneni, Aravind. "Preface: Sodicity issues in agricultural industries." Soil Research 39, no. 6 (2001): I. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srv39n6_pr.

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Анотація:

Australia is recognised as containing the world�s largest area of sodic soils, with approximately 33% of the continent being affected. The first National Conference and Workshop on Sodic Soils in Australia was held in Adelaide (9�13 November 1992), to bring together information and experience on sodic soils available at that time. The papers from that conference were published as a special issue of the Australian Journal of Soil Research (Volume 31, 1993). The 1992 conference covered a wide range of topics, including distribution, classification, mineralogy, fertility, environmental consequenc

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8

Ford, GW, JJ Martin, P. Rengasamy, SC Boucher, and A. Ellington. "Soil sodicity in Victoria." Soil Research 31, no. 6 (1993): 869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9930869.

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This paper gives a broad overview of the distribution and agricultural importance of sodic soils in Victoria. Sodic soils are estimated to occupy at least 13.4 Mha, representing at least 73% of Victoria's agricultural land. Most of this land is used for dryland farming; about 85% of the cropped land and 66% of the land sown to dryland pastures occurs on sodic soils. The largest sodicity class is 'alkaline sodic', dominated by a diverse range of soils (red duplex, yellow duplex, calcareous earths and self-mulching cracking clays). Alkaline sodic soils comprise half of the total agricultural lan

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9

Cochrane, HR, G. Scholz, and AME Vanvreswyk. "Sodic soils in Western Australia." Soil Research 32, no. 3 (1994): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9940359.

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Анотація:

Sodic soils are common throughout Western Australia, particularly in the south-west agricultural area where they occur mainly as duplex or gradational profiles. Soils with sodic properties are dominant in 26% of the state; saline-sodic sediments and soils in intermittent streams, lakes and estuarine plains occupy a further 5%. Sodic soils are moderately common throughout the south and western portion of the rangeland areas (38% of the state). The south-west coastal sands and the desert and rangeland soils to the north and east of the state are rarely sodic. Although sodicity has been recognize

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10

Rochester, Ian J. "Phosphorus and potassium nutrition of cotton: interaction with sodium." Crop and Pasture Science 61, no. 10 (2010): 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp10043.

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Анотація:

Poor phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) nutrition limits the growth and yield of many cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crops in Australia. The demand for nutrients from cotton crops has risen as yields have increased over the past 40 years, and some soils have become depleted in these nutrients. Cotton is commonly grown on sodic soils that are more prone to nutritional problems. A survey of thirty-one sites over four years in northern NSW, Australia included twelve sites that had sodic topsoil. However, available soil P and K at all sites were above established critical values for cotton crops. So

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11

Doyle, RB, and FM Habraken. "The distribution of sodic soils in Tasmania." Soil Research 31, no. 6 (1993): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9930931.

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Анотація:

It is estimated that sodic soils (ESP>6) occupy at least 23% of Tasmania's land area based on the present limited soil data set. Sodic soils are mostly restricted to lower rainfall areas (<800 mm/y) of eastern Tasmania, occurring primarily in the Launceston Tertiary Basin, the Derwent, Coal, Jordan and Huon River Valleys and on Flinders Island. In Tasmania, sodic soils have formed predominantly from Triassic and Permian mudstones and sandstones, Tertiary clays and unconsolidated Quaternary deposits. However, profiles with sodic features have also developed above granite, Jurassic dolerit

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12

Novák, Tibor. "Afforestation affects vertical distribution of basic soil characteristics and taxonomic status of sodic soils." Plant, Soil and Environment 68, No. 5 (2022): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/53/2022-pse.

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Анотація:

Afforestation, settled before 60–90 years and adjacent solonetzic grasslands, representing the natural vegetation cover were compared in this study based on their basic soil characteristics (pH, CaCO3 content, soil organic carbon (SOC), and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP)) up to 2 m depth. The assumption was that the plantings of arbour vegetation can change soil characteristics of sodic soils not only in superficial layers but even in larger depths. Grasslands and forest soils were compared by standardised depths. Afforested soils showed lower pH in the depth at 0–100 cm, and slightly hi

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13

Mahdy, A. M. "Comparative effects of different soil amendments on amelioration of saline-sodic soils." Soil and Water Research 6, No. 4 (2011): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/11/2011-swr.

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&nbsp; A greenhouse experiment was conducted to test the potential of different soil amendments in saline-sodic soils reclamation; to affect the growth response of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants grown on two saline-sodic soils; and to evaluate the comparative efficiency of different soil amendments for their effects on salinity, sodicity, and pH&nbsp;levels of the soils. To achieve these objectives, two highly saline-sodic soils were selected (Abees, Typic torrifluvents and Elhammam, Typic calciorthids). Different soil amendments were used (compost, anthracite coal powder, water t

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14

Sanchez, C. A. "1063 CONSIDERATIONS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SALINE AND SODIC SOILS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 581a—581. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.581a.

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Анотація:

Approximately 33% of all irrigated lands worldwide are affected by varying degrees of salinity and sodicity. Soils with an electrical conductivity (EC) of, the saturated extract greater than 4 dS/m are considered saline, but some horticultural crops are negatively impacted if salt concentrations in the rooting zone exceed 2 dS/m. Salinity effects on plant growth are generally considered osmotic in nature, but specific ion toxicities and nutritional imbalances are also known to occur. In addition to direct toxic affects from Na salts, Na can negatively impact soil structure. Soils with exchange

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15

Rengasamy, P. "Transient salinity and subsoil constraints to dryland farming in Australian sodic soils: an overview." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 3 (2002): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01111.

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Анотація:

More than 60% of the 20 million ha of cropping soils in Australia are sodic and farming practices on these soils are mainly performed under dryland conditions. More than 80% of sodic soils in Australia have dense clay subsoils with high sodicity and alkaline pH (>8.5). The actual yield of grains in sodic soils is often less than half of the potential yield expected on the basis of climate, because of subsoil limitations such as salinity, sodicity, alkalinity, nutrient deficiencies and toxicities due to boron, carbonate and aluminate. Sodic subsoils also have very low organic matter and biol

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16

., M. Anwar Zaka, Fakhar Mujeeb ., Ghulam Sarwar ., N. M. Hassan ., and G. Hassan . "Agromelioration of Saline Sodic Soils." Journal of Biological Sciences 3, no. 3 (2003): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2003.329.334.

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17

Damodaran, Thukkaram, Sunil Kumar Jha, Sangeeta Kumari, et al. "Development of Halotolerant Microbial Consortia for Salt Stress Mitigation and Sustainable Tomato Production in Sodic Soils: An Enzyme Mechanism Approach." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (2023): 5186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15065186.

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Salt stress caused by sodic soils is an important constraint that impacts the production of crucial solanaceous vegetable crops globally. Halotolerant poly-extremophiles rhizobacteria can inhabit hostile environments like salinity, drought, etc. The present study was aimed to design a halotolerant micro-formulation using highly salt-tolerant bacterial strains previously isolated from salt-tolerant rice and wheat rhizosphere in sodic soil. Nine halotolerant isolates were examined for plant growth-promoting traits and biomass production in pot studies with sodic soil of pH 9.23 in tomato. Compat

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18

V, Balasubramanian, Jayakumar M, and Manickam T S. "Energy, Land, WUE and Bio-Synthates Production in Rice Based Cropping System under Partially Reclaimed Sodic Soils of North Western Zone of Tamil Nadu." Madras Agricultural Journal 99, December (2012): 693–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.100172.

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Soil reclamation and cropping system evaluation experiments were conducted during September 2009 to September 2010 in the sodic soils of Mallasamudram series in Magudanchavadi block of Salem district, Tamil Nadu in two locations representing strongly sodic (pH <9.5) and very strongly sodic (pH >9.5) soils. Soil amendments such as gypsum, ferrogypsum, sugar factory pressmud and distillery spent wash were employed to reclaim the sodic soils. Three different cropping systems were tested in the above reclaimed sodic soils and evaluated. Among the treatments, distillery spent wash (DSW) @ 5 l

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19

Naidu, DR. "Distribution, properties and management of sodic soils - an introduction." Soil Research 31, no. 6 (1993): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9930681.

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Анотація:

Over 28% of the total land area of Australia is sodic and it is likely that over 50% of arable land has sodicity related problems. Sodic soils present structural, nutritional and potential related problems. These soils disperse leading to massive erosion, pollution of the water ways and extensive waterlogging.

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20

Artiola, Janick F., Heluf Gebrekidan, and David J. Carty. "Use of langbeinite to reclaim sodic and saline sodic soils." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 31, no. 17-18 (2000): 2829–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103620009370631.

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21

Rengasamy, Pichu. "Soil processes affecting crop production in salt-affected soils." Functional Plant Biology 37, no. 7 (2010): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp09249.

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Анотація:

Salts can be deposited in the soil from wind and rain, as well as through the weathering of rocks. These processes, combined with the influence of climatic and landscape features and the effects of human activities, determine where salt accumulates in the landscape. When the accumulated salt in soil layers is above a level that adversely affects crop production, choosing salt-tolerant crops and managing soil salinity are important strategies to boost agricultural economy. Worldwide, more than 800 million hectares of soils are salt-affected, with a range of soils defined as saline, acidic–salin

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22

Rashid, Muhammad Farhan. "SOIL PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION IN NORMAL AND SALT AFFECTED SOILS AS AFFECTED BY ORGANIC AMENDMENTS." Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 56, no. 02 (2022): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21162/pakjas/19.8083.

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The soil salinity causes physiological drought resulting in hindrance in the bio-availability of essential nutrients. The interaction between salinity and phosphorus uptake by plants is less explored. Two independent incubation experiments were conducted to study the distribution and transformation of various P fractions in normal and salt affected soils as influenced by various organic amendments application. In first experiment, three different levels of P (200, 400 and 600 mg kg-1 of soil) were applied in three soils differing in soil EC and SAR. Changes in various fractions of soil P (Ca2-

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23

Nelson, P. N., J. A. Baldock, and J. M. Oades. "Changes in dispersible clay content, organic carbon content, and electrolyte composition following incubation of sodic soil." Soil Research 36, no. 6 (1998): 883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/s98024.

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Measurement of dispersible clay is important for the diagnosis of structural stability problems in soil. However, clay dispersibility is known to change with water content and time. The purpose of the present study was to determine how incubation of sodic soil under different water content regimes influences clay dispersibility. Two topsoils (depth 0-0·1 m), one sodic [exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) 9 · 7] and the other non-sodic (ESP 3·8), were collected from an experimental pasture at Kyabram, Victoria, and 2 soils, a sodic topsoil (depth 0-0·1 m, ESP 6·9) and the corresponding subsoil

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24

V, Balasubramanian, Jayakumar M, and Manickam T S. "Evaluation of Cropping Systems in Partially Reclaimed Sodic Soils of North Western Zone of Tamil Nadu." Madras Agricultural Journal 99, December (2012): 698–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.100173.

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Анотація:

Soil reclamation and cropping system evaluation experiments were conducted during September 2009 to September 2010. To evaluate the best amendments in the sodic soils of Mallasamudram series in Magudanchavadi block of Salem district, Tamil Nadu in two locations (L 1 and L 2 ) representing strongly sodic (pH <9.5) and very strongly sodic (pH >9.5) soils. Soil amendments such as gypsum, ferrogypsum, sugar factory pressmud and distillery spent wash were employed to reclaim the sodic soils. Three cropping systems viz., Rice – cotton – sesbania, Rice – chillies – sesbania and Rice – finger mi

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25

Silveira, Karien Rodrigues da, Mateus Rosas Ribeiro, Luiz Bezerra de Oliveira, Richard John Heck, and Rachel Rodrigues da Silveira. "Gypsum-saturated water to reclaim alluvial saline sodic and sodic soils." Scientia Agricola 65, no. 1 (2008): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162008000100010.

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Inadequate management of soil and irrigation water contribute to soil degradation, particularly in the alluvial areas of Northeast Brazil, where salinity and sodicity are already common features. This study evaluates the effects of the addition of gypsum in the irrigation water on physical and chemical properties of soils with different levels of salinity and sodicity. Samples were collected at the Custódia irrigation area of Brazil, predominantly covered by alluvial soils. Leaching tests using simulated irrigation water classified as C3S1, and gypsum-saturated irrigation water were carried ou

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26

Singh, Balwinder, and M. S. Bajwa. "Studies on the leaching of urea in sodic soils." Journal of Agricultural Science 106, no. 2 (1986): 323–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600063917.

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SUMMARYLaboratory experiments were conducted in PVC columns to study the leaching and transformation of applied urea in sodic soils (Gharachon loam-Aquic Natrustalf and Domeli silty clay loam-Aquic Camborthid) reclaimed by gypsum application and kept submerged for 7 or 14 days after fertilizer application. The effect of different depths of irrigation water (5, 7·5, 10, 20 and 30 cm) on urea leaching was studied in a sandy loam sodic soil. In another experiment, the effect of time interval (0 or 4 days) between urea application and initiation of submergence with distilled water (for 7 or 14 day

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27

Kalra, Yash P. "Determination of pH of Soils by Different Methods: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 78, no. 2 (1995): 310–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/78.2.310.

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Abstract Fifty-three laboratories (including author’s) from Canada, India, Israel, and the United States participated in a collaborative study for the measurement of pH of different types of soils. A method with 2 alternative procedures was used for pH measurements of mineral soils (alternative I for soils containing less than 17⋊ organic carbon and alternative II for soils with variable salt content), a second method was used for saline-sodic soils, and a third method was used for organic soils (soils containing at least 17⋊ organic carbon). The pH was measured potentiometricaIly. The methods

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28

Naidu, Bodapati P., Leslie G. Paleg, and Graham P. Jones. "Accumulation of proline analogues and adaptation of Melaleuca species to diverse environments in Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 48, no. 5 (2000): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt99059.

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The genus Melaleuca is native to Australia, with about 250 species spread from favourable to very stressful ecological habitats. We analysed the leaves of 125 Melaleuca species for the accumulation of proline analogues to explore relationships between the ability of the species to accumulate proline analogues and their ability to adapt to various stressful habitats in Australia. Melaleuca species that have evolved the ability to accumulate only L-proline seem to be adapted to non-saline or non-sodic soils in regions of higher rainfall. Species that accumulate N-methyl-L-proline seem to be adap

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29

ANGIN, Ilker, Ahmet GURLEK, and Serdar SARI. "THE USABILITY OF HYDROGEL IN INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF GYPSUM APPLIED TO SALINE-SODIC SOILS." Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences 16, no. 1 (2021): 93–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2021/016/158.

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This study aimed at the assessment of the usability of hydrogel in increasing the efficiency of gypsum applied to saline-sodic soils. The experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions in disturbed soil columns and was set-up in a completely randomized design with six hydrogel application rates (Control, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20% and 0.25% weight/weight (w/w) basis) and with three replications. Hydrogel application to saline-sodic soil had significant effects on leachate pH. The highest leachate pH’s were found in the final leachates in the order of 0.05%>0.10%>0.15%, as 9.12, 9.0

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30

P., Ramamoorthy, Karthikeyan M., and Nirubana V. "Management of saline and sodic soils." International Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology 1, no. 1 (2021): 24–27. https://doi.org/10.51483/IJAGST.1.1.2021.24-27.

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Анотація:

Saline and sodic (alkali) soils can significantly reduce the value and productivity of affected land. By estimation, slightly more than one-fourth of irrigated farmland in the United States is affected by soil salinity. Ions most commonly associated with soil salinity include the anions chloride (Cl<sup>–</sup>), sulfate (SO4<sup>=</sup>), carbonate (HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup>), and sometimes nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup>) and the cations sodium (Na<sup>+</sup>), calcium (Ca<sup>++</sup>), magnesium (Mg<sup>++</sup>), and sometimes potassium (K<sup>+</sup>). Crops diff

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31

Nleya, Thandiwe, Sharon A. Clay, and Unius Arinaitwe. "Poor Emergence of Brassica Species in Saline–Sodic Soil Is Improved by Biochar Addition." Agronomy 15, no. 4 (2025): 811. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15040811.

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Анотація:

Salt-affected soil areas are increasing in the Northern Great Plains (NGP), with patches occurring in some of the most productive croplands. High electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium and/or sulfate concentrations of saline–sodic areas impede the growth and yield of ‘normal’ [corn (Zea mays)/soybean (Glycine max)] rotational crops, and more appropriate management systems are needed. Brassica spp. and amendment applications, such as biochar, may provide management alternatives for these areas. In two greenhouse studies, (1) 10 canola (Brassica napus) genotypes were evaluated for emergence in

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32

Ramamoorthy, P., M. Karthikeyan, and V. Nirubana. "Management of saline and sodic soils." International Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology 1, no. 1 (2021): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51483/ijagst.1.1.2021.24-27.

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33

Ramadan, N. "RECLAMATION OF SODIC SOILS USING EDTA." Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 51, no. 4 (2000): 511–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejarc.2000.227150.

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34

WALLACE, A., G. A. WALLACE, and A. M. ABOUZAMZAM. "AMELIORATION OF SODIC SOILS WITH POLYMERS." Soil Science 141, no. 5 (1986): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-198605000-00011.

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35

Abdalla Sabtow, Hassan, and Fatih Mehmet Kızıloğlu. "Stabilize Kent Çamuru ve Jips Uygulanmış Tuzlu Sodyumlu Topraklarda Arıtılmış Atıksuyun Islanma-Kuruma Döngülerinin Hidrolik İletkenliğe Etkisi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 10, no. 9 (2022): 1741–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v10i9.1741-1746.5435.

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This study was carried out to determine changes in hydraulic conductivity of a saline sodic soil subjected to different wetting-drying cycles and treated wastewater after stabilized sludge sewage and gypsum application. In a factorial experimental design, the study was conducted with three replication by using 3 treatment sewage sludge doses (50, 100 and 150 t ha-1), 3 wetting-drying cycles (0, 7 and 14 days) and 2 different water types (fresh water and treated wastewater). The hydraulic conductivity values of the saturated saline-sodic soils were measured at 2, 12 and 24 hour intervals by usi

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بوحجر, يوسف منصور, مسعود محمد إحفيظان та حسام محمد قدح. "الترب الصودية، أسبابها، مشاكلها، وكيفية إدارتها (دراسة مرجعية)". مجلة التربوي، كلية التربية، جامعة المرقب, № 24 (1 січня 2024): 352–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15292751.

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<strong>Sodic soils, their causes, problems, and specific methods</strong> <strong> (reference study)</strong> <strong>Yousef Mansour Bohajar<sup>1</sup>, Masoud Mohamed Hfidan<sup>2</sup>, Husam Mohamed Gadeh<sup>3</sup></strong> <strong><sup>1</sup></strong><strong>Department of Soil and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Azzaytuna University, Tarhuna, Libya</strong> <strong><sup>2</sup></strong><strong>Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Azzaytuna University, Tarhuna, Libya</strong> <strong><sup>3</sup></strong><strong>Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Fa

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37

Shaw, R., L. Brebber, C. Ahern, and M. Weinand. "A review of sodicity and sodic soil behavior in Queensland." Soil Research 32, no. 2 (1994): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9940143.

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The occurrence of sodic soils in Queensland is more related to soil genetic factors of the past than to the current rainfall pattern, with lower sodium accessions and smaller occurrence of saline lands than other areas of Australia. A soil sodicity map of Queensland is presented. On an area basis, 55% of soils in Queensland are non-sodic, 25% are strongly sodic and 20% are of variable sodicity. The map was prepared using exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) values at 0.6 m depth from 2 009 soil profiles, as well as the soil boundaries of the 1:2000000 Atlas of Australian Soils maps (Northcote

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38

Ahmad, Zeeshan, Muhammad Rashid Waqas, Muhammad Yahya Khan, et al. "Value-added organic fertilizer with salicylic acid and naphthyl acetic acid improves the tomato quality and productivity in saline-sodic conditions." Soil and Environment 42, no. 1 (2023): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.25252/se/2023/243040.

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Edaphic factors, especially soil salinity, are a more significant challenge to food security irrespective of introducing technical innovations in agriculture. Saline-sodic soils continue to deteriorate the yield of a crop, causing a severe risk to worldwide food production. A field study was conducted in Vehari district, Pakistan, in already prevailing saline-sodic soils to evaluate tomato yield and quality by applying naphthyl acetic acid (NAA) and salicylic acid (SA) as their sole applications and in combination with organic fertilizers in saline-sodic conditions. NAA (@ 200mg L-1) and SA (@

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39

Evans, C. M., and B. J. Scott. "Surface soil acidity and fertility in the central-western wheatbelt of New South Wales." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 2 (2007): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04165.

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Documentation of the chemical fertility status of the soils is sparse for the western and central-western wheatbelt of New South Wales, Australia. We examined properties of the surface soils (0–10 cm) from central-western NSW by collating two published and nine unpublished datasets of soil analyses representing about 2800 soil samples. The emphasis was on the red soils used extensively for cropping. The surface soils of central-western NSW have low phosphorus (47% of soils) and sulfur (70% of soils <5 mg S/kg using KCl-40 analysis) status and commonly have organic carbon contents of about 1

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Kharche, V. K., Anjali Paradhi, A. O. Shirale, and S. D. Jadhao. "Diagnosis, Classification and Management of Black Sodic Soils :An Overview." Journal of Soil Salinity and Water Quality 16, no. 3 (2024): 317–28. https://doi.org/10.56093/jsswq.v16i3.156335.

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Black sodic soils pose a significant challenge in agricultural production, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions where high sodium content degrades soil structure and fertility. These soils suffer from nutrient deficiencies, poor physical properties, and increased susceptibility to erosion, leading to reduced crop productivity and economic losses. Sodicity is exacerbated by poor irrigation practices and the rising demand for water. This review explores the characteristics, diagnosis, and classification of black sodic soils, alongside strategies for their sustainable management, focusing o

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Naidu, R., RH Merry, GJ Churchman, et al. "Sodicity in South Australia - a review." Soil Research 31, no. 6 (1993): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9930911.

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The current knowledge of the nature and distribution of sodic soils in South Australia is reviewed. The agriculturally developed area of South Australia lies south of latitude 32-degrees-S. and is mainly used for low intensity grazing and dry land cereal/sheep production. A high proportion of the State, including much of the high rainfall area, has soils which are sodic (>6% ESP) through a significant proportion of the profile but information on the precise nature of sodicity in these soils is limited. Where exchangeable cation data axe available, the analytical techniques used often did no

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42

Jiang, Dongxue, Yuxin Yan, Jiaqi Li, et al. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Play More Important Roles in Saline–Sodic Soil than in Black Soil of the Paddy Field in Northeast China." Agriculture 15, no. 9 (2025): 951. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15090951.

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Rice serves as the staple food for half of the world’s population. Given the expanding global population, the urgency to allocate land for rice cultivation is paramount. In Northeast China, saline–sodic and black soils represent two distinct soil types used in rice production. During rice growth, soil microorganisms, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), play pivotal roles in nutrient uptake and resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors. While numerous studies have elucidated the role of AMF in enhancing rice growth and its adaptation to stress, the differences in AMF communities with

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Rengasamy, P., and KA Olsson. "Irrigation and sodicity." Soil Research 31, no. 6 (1993): 821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9930821.

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The productivity of irrigated agriculture in Australia is low for most crops and one important factor is the physical and chemical constraints caused by sodicity in the rootzone. Over 80% of the irrigated soils are sodic and have degraded structure limiting water and gas transport and root growth. Irrigation, without appropriate drainage, leads to the buildup of salts in soil solutions with increased sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and can develop perched watertables due to a very low leaching fraction of the soil layers exacerbated by sodicity. Therefore, irrigation management in Australia is c

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44

Bethune, M. G., and T. J. Batey. "Impact on soil hydraulic properties resulting from irrigating salinesodic soils with low salinity water." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 3 (2002): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00142.

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Irrigation-induced salinity is a serious problem facing irrigated areas in the Murray–Darling Basin of Australia. Groundwater pumping with farm re-use for irrigation is a key strategy for controlling salinity in these irrigation areas. However, the re-use of highly saline–sodic groundwater for irrigation leads to accumulation of sodium in the soil profile and can result in sodic soils. Leaching of saline–sodic soils by winter rainfall and low salinity irrigation waters are 2 management scenarios likely to exacerbate sodicity problems. Characteristic to sodic soils is poor soil structure and po

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45

Nyamapfene, K. W. "Some relationships between topography and sodic soils in Zimbabwe." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 30, no. 1 (1986): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zfg/30/1986/47.

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46

Sibbett, G. Steven. "Managing High pH, Calcareous, Saline, and Sodic Soils of the Western Pecan-growing Region." HortTechnology 5, no. 3 (1995): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.5.3.222.

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Pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh. K. Koch)] soils in the arid western United States are characteristically high in pH, calcareous, and often saline or sodic. Economic production, when trees are grown in such soils, requires that growers pay particular attention to managing soil chemistry to avoid nutrient deficiencies, toxicities, or water deficits due to soil structural deterioration. Soil-applied acidulents, calcium-containing compounds, and water management are used by growers to manage high pH problems, sodic soil conditions, and salinity.

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47

Kelsey, Patrick, and Richard Hootman. "Soil Resource Evaluation for a Group of Sidewalk Street Tree Planters." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 16, no. 5 (1990): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1990.030.

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Urban street-tree-planter soils provide inadequate growing space for root systems of trees and are subject to increased concentrations of pollutants not typically found in native soils. An examination of planting media in selected Geneva, Illinois street tree planters revealed physical and chemical soil properties that Only the most stress-tolerant species could endure. The planter soils generally consisted of brick rubble, gravel, sand, and cinders. Drainage in the planters was impeded due to textural discontinuities. Soil pH and sodium values were high enough to classify these soils as sodic

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48

Taddese, Girma. "Effect of polymaleic acid on saline sodic soils." Forestry Research and Engineering: International Journal 3, no. 3 (2019): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/freij.2019.03.00082.

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Saline-sodic soils in Middle Awash Valley area of Ethiopia have very high soluble sodium content and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP). Leaching soluble salts with water alone could not fasten reclamation of these soils. Because all pore spaces of the soil were already sealed off with precipitated soluble salts; which retarded percolation of leaching water to the soil. Hence, Polymaleic acid was tested under controlled pot leaching under laboratory condition. The treatments were control (leaching with water only), 10, 20, 30 and 40ml polymaleic acid per kilogram of soil. Each treatment was

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R, Vinothini, Subash Chandra Bose. K, and M. Baskar. "Management of Zinc for Rice in Sodic Soils." Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 10, no. 3 (2024): 310–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajsspn/2024/v10i3342.

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The Influence of amendments on reclamation as well as the availability of plant nutrients will vary. The response of crop for the applied Zn will also vary with amendments. However, field experiment was conducted in sodic soil with various amendments viz., gypsum @ 50 % GR + green manure (6.25 t ha-1), green leaf manure (12.5 t ha-1) and press mud (10 t ha-1) as main-plot treatments. Different levels of zinc sulphate viz., 50, 100 and 150 percent of recommended dose as basal with and without foliar spray of ZnSO4 @ 0.5 per cent at panicle initiation (PI) and heading stage were imposed as sub-p

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Zhang, Jianfeng, Yuxin Yan, Dongxue Jiang, et al. "The Microbial Functional Communities of Mollisol and Saline–Sodic Paddy Soils at Rice Heading and Harvest Stages in Northeast China." Agriculture 15, no. 12 (2025): 1261. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15121261.

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Rice is a primary food source for nearly half of the global population. In Northeast China, paddy soils are mainly classified into two distinct types: fertile mollisol and nutrient-deficient saline–sodic soil. Soil microbial communities play a critical role in maintaining the stability of rice agroecosystems; however, comparative studies on microbial diversity and functional systems across these soil types remain limited. This study aimed to systematically investigate the bacterial diversity, community structure, and functional characteristics of mollisol and saline–sodic paddy soils during th

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