Статті в журналах: "Sports healthcare"

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Ardern, Clare L., Fionn Büttner, Renato Andrade, Adam Weir, Maureen C. Ashe, Sinead Holden, Franco M. Impellizzeri, et al. "Implementing the 27 PRISMA 2020 Statement items for systematic reviews in the sport and exercise medicine, musculoskeletal rehabilitation and sports science fields: the PERSiST (implementing Prisma in Exercise, Rehabilitation, Sport medicine and SporTs science) guidance." British Journal of Sports Medicine 56, no. 4 (October 8, 2021): 175–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-103987.

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Poor reporting of medical and healthcare systematic reviews is a problem from which the sports and exercise medicine, musculoskeletal rehabilitation, and sports science fields are not immune. Transparent, accurate and comprehensive systematic review reporting helps researchers replicate methods, readers understand what was done and why, and clinicians and policy-makers implement results in practice. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement and its accompanying Explanation and Elaboration document provide general reporting examples for systematic reviews of healthcare interventions. However, implementation guidance for sport and exercise medicine, musculoskeletal rehabilitation, and sports science does not exist. The Prisma in Exercise, Rehabilitation, Sport medicine and SporTs science (PERSiST) guidance attempts to address this problem. Nineteen content experts collaborated with three methods experts to identify examples of exemplary reporting in systematic reviews in sport and exercise medicine (including physical activity), musculoskeletal rehabilitation (including physiotherapy), and sports science, for each of the PRISMA 2020 Statement items. PERSiST aims to help: (1) systematic reviewers improve the transparency and reporting of systematic reviews and (2) journal editors and peer reviewers make informed decisions about systematic review reporting quality.

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Boiko, A., D. Tsyhaniuk, and K. Chevhuz. "SOCIAL ASPECTS OF REFORMING THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM THROUGH POPULARIZATION OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE SPORTS." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu 2021, no. 4 (2021): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2021.4-26.

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The paper discusses the interpretation of the categories “sports”, “high-performance sports” and “professional sports” and defines peculiarities of each of the concepts in the framework of the study. Thus, “sports” is identified as mass sports, leading to a healthy lifestyle. These are systematic physical exercises to maintain the vital functions of the human body. The category “high-performance sports” is identified with the concept of “professional sports” and formalized as an educational and training process to prepare a person for participation in All-Ukrainian and international sports competitions. It is a person’s professional activity, accompanied by material rewards, coordination of the training process by national coaches, and functionaries of Ukrainian federations. It aims to achieve high results in a particular sport at the world level. The study’s central hypothesis is as follows: “significant achievements of domestic professional athletes at international competitions lead to the active participation of Ukrainian youth in sports.” A system for assessing the impact of the results of high-performance sports on the attitude of young people toward sports and a healthy lifestyle has been formed to confirm the hypothesis quantitatively. The first block of indicators includes indicators that quantitatively characterize the achievements of professional athletes in significant international competitions, such as the Olympic Games, World and European Championships, international Grand Prix, etc. The second block of indicators characterizes the potential opportunities of high-performance sports in Ukraine. These indicators describe the number of professional athletes who can achieve high results in international competitions. The third block of indicators covers indicators that characterize public awareness of the results of international competitions and the achievements of domestic professional athletes. Within this block, we define two separate groups of indicators. The first group of indicators describes the information coverage of the results, and the second group of indicators characterizes the ability of Ukraine to host international sports tournaments. The fourth block of indicators considers indicators characterizing medical support for professional athletes. The fifth block of indicators is a buffer and characterizes the activities of the state in the framework of the popularization of mass sports in Ukraine. The sixth block of indicators describes the reaction of young people to the achievements in high-performance sports. The seventh group of indicators is auxiliary in assessing the level of development of mass sports in Ukraine and characterizes the level of professional growth of Ukrainian coaches. The eighth block of indicators characterizes the activation of interest of the youth in a particular sport as a reaction to the high results of Ukrainian professional athletes in significant international competitions. It has been established that the modern reform of the healthcare system and its connection with physical culture and sports is observed within the framework of two decisions of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine in 2021: On the Human Development Strategy, which defines the main priorities in the development of the country’s most important resource – people; On the State of the National Health System and Urgent Measures to Provide Citizens of Ukraine with Medical Assistance, which defines the main priorities of reforming the healthcare system.

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Heo, Chul-Moo. "Factors Affecting Acceptance of Sports Healthcare Applications." Korean Journal of Sports Science 29, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35159/kjss.2020.10.29.5.105.

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Jang, Deok-Jin, Che-Ho Park, Dong-Kyu Kim, and Sung-Un Park. "Big data analysis on sports healthcare industry." Korean Journal of Sports Science 31, no. 5 (October 31, 2022): 523–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35159/kjss.2022.10.31.5.523.

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McLeod, Tamara Valovich, Traci Snedden, Eric Post, Tracy Zaslow, Shelly Fetchen-DiCesaro, Denise Mohrbacher, and David Bell. "Pediatric HEALTHCARE Provider Awareness, Confidence, and Use of Sports Specialization Recommendations and Application towards Youth Athlete Counseling." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 7_suppl3 (July 1, 2021): 2325967121S0014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00149.

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Background: Sport specialization is increasingly common in many youth sports and has been linked to increased injury, overtraining, and burnout. Several organizations have developed safe sport recommendations in an effort to mitigate injury risk. Healthcare providers (HCPs) can be a source of education for parents and athletes on safe sports practices, but the awareness, confidence, and use of these recommendations among HCPs who work with youth athletes is limited. Hypothesis/Purpose: To evaluate the awareness, confidence, and use of sports specialization and safe sport recommendations of HCPs who work with pediatric athletes. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was developed to assess pediatric HCP awareness of, confidence in, and clinical use of sports specialization recommendations. The survey included 1) personal demographics, 2) professional demographics, 3) knowledge and perceptions of sport specialization, 4) awareness, confidence, and use of recommendations, and 5) HCP program training and professional development background specific to sports specialization. Survey links were sent by email to 5000 secondary school athletic trainers and 297 PRiSM members during October 2019-January 2020. The survey was open for 4 weeks, with a reminder email sent after 2 weeks. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics. Results: The survey was accessed by 620 HCPs (access rate=11.7%) and completed by 508 HCPs (completion rate=81.9%). Respondents (279 females, 228 males; age=37.2±10.5 years) included athletic trainers (74.5%, n=379), physicians (16.9%, n=86, physical therapists (6.7%, n=35), nurse practitioners (1.0%, n=5), and physician assistants (0.1%, n=4) with 11.2±9.1 years of experience providing care to pediatric athletes. Three-fourths of respondents (n=373) were aware of recommendations from the National Athletic Trainers’ Association, but fewer were aware of those from the American Academic of Pediatrics (42.3%, n=212), American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (40.3%, n=200), American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (45.2%, n=225), International Olympic Committee (14.2%, n=69), Major League Baseball (30.6%, n=151), USA Hockey (13.6%, n=66), and National Basketball League (9.3%, n=45). The percentage of respondents who were confident in knowledge of (Table 1) and used (Table 2) each organization’s recommendation are provided in the tables. Table 3 presents the degree to which various reasons limit the use of sports specialization recommendations. Conclusion: Healthcare providers are aware of sport specialization recommendations and believe they are associated with decreased risk of injury. However, barriers to applying the recommendations most cited were the inability of parents and children to change specialization behaviors. Future research should focus on implementation of recommendations to enact behavior change. Tables [Table: see text][Table: see text][Table: see text]

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Vafin, A. Y., E. I. Aukhadeev, R. S. Sadykova, and R. A. Bodrova. "The strategy of improving medical service for sports and physical culture in the Republic of Tatarstan on the eve of 2013 Summer Universiade." Kazan medical journal 94, no. 3 (June 15, 2013): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2193.

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The problems of healthcare system formation and management for physical culture and sports are discussed within the framework of prevention and rehabilitation areas development in the Republic of Tatarstan. The 2013 Summer Universiade is acknowledged as the largest event in the international sports, involving 13 000 sportsmen participating in 27 different summer sports. Physical culture and sports healthcare is known to be the one of the most crucial factors influencing sporting achievements. Since 2013 the Centre for Medical Prevention has started to create the informational and analytical system required for integral, in-depth and systemic image of physical culture and sports healthcare status and problems in the Republic of Tatarstan. A multi-layer matrix of the data gathering within the healthcare system, including the elements of physical culture and sports healthcare. We offer to create a national program the basing on the modern methodology of science for studying and solving complex social problems. The development of the local program devoted to physical culture and sports healthcare improvement can be a model of similar methodology-based program formation with a wider coverage, allowing to provide the preventive and rehabilitation healthcare for the whole population.

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Ulrich, Gert, Justin Carrard, Claudio R. Nigg, Daniel Erlacher, and Anthony Paul Breitbach. "Is healthcare a team sport? Widening our lens on interprofessional collaboration and education in sport and exercise medicine." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 8, no. 3 (August 2022): e001377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001377.

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Effective interprofessional collaboration (IPC) has great potential to improve healthcare delivery. Therefore, students and trainees in healthcare professions should be prepared for a collaborative workforce through interprofessional education (IPE) settings. However, IPC and IPE are rarely addressed in sport and exercise medicine (SEM), although the field significantly impacts the healthcare system. Hence, we conducted a webinar to promote IPC and IPE in the Swiss SEM community. The lessons resulting from the webinar were: (1) professions involved in SEM should have opportunities to learn, with, from and about other professions in healthcare to achieve mutual respect and understanding; (2) IPC and IPE in SEM may raise awareness, value and recognition of the contributions by exercise scientists in healthcare; (3) IPC and IPE may consider collaborating with a variety of professions not traditionally integrated into healthcare but involved in broader public health and physical activity promotion. In summary, sports and exercise professions should embrace interprofessional approaches to better realise their contribution to healthcare and public health.

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Smith, Michael. "NSAIDs: The Most Common Drug in Sports Healthcare." Athletic Therapy Today 3, no. 2 (March 1998): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/att.3.2.30.

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Younger, David Steven. "Adolescent Sports-Related Concussion: US Healthcare Access, Finance, and Delivery." Annals of Behavioral Neuroscience 1, no. 1 (October 11, 2018): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.18314/abne.v1i1.1292.

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The current United States health care systems has challenges and inconsistencies resulting from deficiencies in prevention and the optimal management of the sports-related concussion that goes beyond the acute injury. The current system leads to gaps in optimal care for children beginning with coaches who fail to identify a sport-relation concussion, remove a player from the practice or game or properly assess the player for a concussion before returning them to play according to each states’ laws; to more systemic problems that result from lack of communication with parents and school officials. The result is a delay in diagnosis and treatment, and in the provision of follow-up health services, concussion-related educational and insurance-related services and applicable insurance waivers. Viewed through the lens of a public health socioecological framework, the actors and social and environmental factors, and policy-sensitive participants can be clarified with respect to formulating public health policy in order to identify areas amenable to intervention and health risk mitigation of school-age youth at risk.

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Ranaweera, J., M. Zanin, D. Weaving, C. Withanage, and G. Roe. "Optimizing Player Management Processes in Sports: Translating Lessons from Healthcare Process Improvements to Sports." International Journal of Computer Science in Sport 20, no. 2 (November 28, 2021): 119–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijcss-2021-0008.

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Abstract Typical player management processes focus on managing an athlete’s physical, physiological, psychological, technical and tactical preparation and performance. Current literature illustrates limited attempts to optimize such processes in sports. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the application of Business Process Management (BPM) in healthcare (a service industry resembling sports) and formulate a model to optimize data driven player management processes in professional sports. A systematic review, adhering to PRISMA framework was conducted on articles extracted from seven databases, focused on using BPM to digitally optimize patient related healthcare processes. Literature reviews by authors was the main mode of healthcare process identification for BPM interventions. Interviews with process owners followed by process modelling were common modes of process discovery. Stakeholder and value-based analysis highlighted potential optimization areas. In most articles, details on process redesign strategies were not explicitly provided. New digital system developments and implementation of Business Process Management Systems were common. Optimized processes were evaluated using usability assessments and pre-post statistical analysis of key process performance indicators. However, the scientific rigor of most experiments designed for such latter evaluations were suboptimal. From the findings, a stepwise approach to optimize data driven player management processes in professional sports has been proposed.

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Suh, Wang Suk, Eun Jung Yoon, and Selwyn Piramuthu. "RFID-Based Attack Scenarios in Retailing, Healthcare and Sports." Journal of Information Privacy and Security 9, no. 3 (July 2013): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15536548.2013.10845682.

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Barkley, Lisa, Lindsay A. Taliaferro, Kayla Baker, and Jeanette Garcia. "The Holistic Athletic Healthcare Model: Addressing the Developmental, Social, and Cultural Needs of Collegiate Athletes." Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation, no. 3 (March 22, 2018): 26–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2376-5267.2018.1.3.26-47.

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Many adolescent and young adult athletes only access the healthcare system through involvement in sports. Yet, many opportunities are missed in the sports medicine environment to provide holistic, quality care for these athletes that assists them in navigating to healthy adults and addresses inequities that impair good health. Since most causes of morbidity and mortality in this age group are related to poor health behaviors, and comprehensive health care services are fragmented, it is imperative that sports medicine healthcare be reimagined to incorporate a social-ecological perspective that holistically addresses the unique medical, social, cultural, and behavioral needs of athletes. We propose a social-ecological perspective that enhances developmental assets as the basis for sports medicine services. This innovative approach - the Holistic Athletic Healthcare Model - involves 1) addressing adolescent developmental needs and the social determinants of health at the individual level, 2) using strength-based approaches and demonstrating cultural competency in health provider relationships, 3) integrating medical care with campus community services, and 4) promoting health equity in the campus environment. Engagement in sports has many benefits beyond winning in the game, and health is more than being injury-free. Sports medicine practitioners and healthcare systems must be proactive in supporting athletes from all backgrounds to become healthy adults.

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Pereira, Ana Monteiro, João Brito, Pedro Figueiredo, and Evert Verhagen. "Virtual sports deserve real sports medical attention." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 5, no. 1 (November 2019): e000606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000606.

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In recent years, virtual sports or ‘eSports’ have grown exponentially both recreationally and at the professional level. eSports comprise several regulated video games played competitively, using electronic platforms. Some eSports competitions present a structure comparable to traditional sports, and eSports players, even with major skills and mental focus, need preparation and training to thrive. However, little is known about the demands of eSports competitions and continuous training. As the popularity and stakes rise, concerns about the health and emerging risks of eSports participation might arise. Indeed, in the absence of proper descriptive data about the specific characteristics of the eSports population (including factors such as screen time, physical activity, overuse injuries or training environment), effective prevention and care cannot be developed nor provided. Therefore, quality healthcare and prevention strategies are needed. In the current viewpoint, we argue that those involved with Sports Science and Medicine should lead the discussion and reflect on the health effects of eSports participation, providing scientifically-based arguments to better answer to the current eSports professionalism.

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Guddal, M. H., M. C. Småstuen, S. Stensland, M. B. Johnsen, J. A. Zwart, and K. Storheim. "Sport participation and physical activity level in relation to musculoskeletal pain in a population-based sample of adolescents: The Young-HUNT Study." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 12, no. 1 (July 1, 2016): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.05.010.

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Abstract Aims Studies have shown conflicting results regarding associations between physical activity (PA) and musculoskeletal pain among adolescents, and few have evaluated the impact of sport participation. Therefore, the aims of this study were to examine the associations between sport participation and persistent weekly pain by body region in a population-based sample of adolescents. Methods In this cross-sectional study, data from the adolescent part of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (Young-HUNT3) were used. Participants were asked how often during the last 3 months they had experienced pain in the neck-and-shoulders (NSP), low back (LBP) or lower extremities (LEP). The impact of sport participation and PA level on pain was evaluated using logistic regression analyses, stratified by gender, and adjusted for age, socioeconomic status and psychological distress. Results In total, 3765 boys and 3831 girls were included, mean age 15.8 years (SD 1.7). NSP was most prevalent (17%). Adolescents who participated in endurance sports had lower odds of NSP and LBP compared to non-participants. Participation in technical sports was associated with increased odds of LBP, and participation in team sports with increased odds of LEP, vs. no participation in the respective sports. Participation in strength sports and risk sports, vs. no participation, was related to higher levels of pain in all regions. Compared to a low PA level, a moderate PA level reduced the odds of NSP and LBP, whereas a high PA level increased the odds of LEP. Conclusion This study identified sports potentially protective, as well as sports associated with higher odds of NSP, LBP and LEP in a large population-based sample, and has increased the understanding of participation in sports as potential determinants of musculoskeletal pain among adolescents. Our findings highlight that types of sport adolescents participate in should be considered by healthcare professionals when evaluating their musculoskeletal pain.

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Pickett, Brent, Jeffrey R. Bytomski, and Ross D. Zafonte. "Evidence based management of sports related concussion." Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 121, no. 5 (April 9, 2021): 499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jom-2021-0058.

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Abstract Sports related concussion (SRC) is a common condition evaluated by healthcare professionals. In an article entitled “Return to Play After Concussion: Clinical Guidelines for Young Athletes” published in the December 2019 issue of the Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, guidelines for the management of SRC were presented to assist healthcare professionals in the management of patients with SRC. However, much of the information presented in that article is contradicted by current expert recommendations and evidence based practice guidelines. The management of SRC has evolved to a nuanced, domain driven diagnosis requiring a multidisciplinary treatment team and a customized management plan for each patient to ensure competent treatment of patients with SRC. As such, this Commentary summarizes current recommendations for diagnosis and management of SRC.

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Trease, Larissa, Edi Albert, Glenn Singleman, and Eric Brymer. "What Is an Extreme Sports Healthcare Provider: An Auto-Ethnographic Study of the Development of an Extreme Sports Medicine Training Program." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 14 (July 7, 2022): 8286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148286.

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“I remember when sex was safe and skydiving was dangerous” read a popular bumper sticker during the HIV crisis. Popular perceptions of extreme sport (ES) often include the descriptor ‘dangerous’. Therefore, why is the popularity of ES increasing exponentially with “dedicated TV channels, internet sites, high-rating competitions, and high-profile sponsors drawing more participants”? More importantly, how should health practitioners respond to the influx of ES athletes with novel injuries, enquiries and attitudes. This paper describes the results of a collaborative auto-ethnographic approach to answering “what is an extreme sports medicine health care provider and what are the components of an effective Extreme Sports Medicine (ESM) training program?” The study was conducted following the first ESM university course offered in Australia with the intention of assessing the learning design and reflecting on the development and practice of ES health practitioners. We explicated three overarching themes common to both the ES health practitioner and for the effective training of healthcare providers in the support of ES endeavors and athletes. These themes were individual, task and environmental factors. The impacts of these findings confirm that ESM courses are vital and should be designed specifically to ensure that practitioners are effectively supported to develop the unique skills necessary for practice in real world extreme sports events.

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KUBO, Yuichiro, and Yasuo YAMAGUCHI. "VR Stimulates the Sports and Healthcare Markets: Connecting with EMS." Journal of Japan Society of Sports Industry 27, no. 4 (2017): 4_351–4_354. http://dx.doi.org/10.5997/sposun.27.4_351.

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Ryan, Jessica L., Etienne E. Pracht, and Barbara Langland Orban. "Inpatient and emergency department costs from sports injuries among youth aged 5–18 years." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 5, no. 1 (March 2019): e000491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000491.

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ObjectiveTo analyse the financial costs from sports injuries among inpatients and emergency department (ED) patients aged 5–18 with a focus on Medicaid patients.MethodsFixed-effects linear regression was used to assess the association of patient factors with cost of injury from sports. Florida Agency for Health Care Administration data from 2010 to 2014 were used, which included all inpatient and ED patients aged 5–18 years who had a sports injury.ResultsOver 5 years, sports injuries in Florida youth cost $24 million for inpatient care and $87 million for ED care. Youth averaged $6039 for an inpatient visit and $439 for an ED visit in costs from sports injuries. Sports injuries for Medicaid-insured youth cost $10.8 million for inpatient visits and $44.2 million for ED visits.ConclusionOlder athletes and males consistently have higher healthcare costs from sports. Baseball, basketball, bike riding, American football, roller-skating/skateboarding and soccer are sports with high costs for both ED patients and inpatients and would benefit from prevention programmes. Injuries from non-contact sport participants are few but can have high costs. These athletes could benefit from prevention programmes as well.

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Peer, Kimberly S. "Ethics Education: Preventing Moral Distress and Empathy Decline in Sports Medicine Practice." International Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training 22, no. 1 (January 2017): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijatt.2016-0024.

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Values guide behaviors, and consistent behaviors guide practice. Professionals are bound by social contracts to provide high-quality services with the interest of the patient as the primary consideration. Most healthcare professions have a codified standard for ethical behavior, however, the manifestation of ethical decisions can violate the social contract if not carefully considered. Healthcare professions have experienced considerable empathy decline and moral distress both in professional preparation and clinical practice. These emerging trends have created concerns about the structure and function of ethics education in the health professions. Several conceptual, pedagogical strategies have been promoted to engage learners in purposeful reflection about ethical dilemmas. Healthcare educators need to consider different strategies for encouraging ethical reflection and engagement to prevent moral distress and empathy decline. Various pedagogical strategies are discussed with a conceptual framework proposed for reconsidering ethics education in healthcare professions.

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Ye, Shun, Shilun Feng, Liang Huang, and Shengtai Bian. "Recent Progress in Wearable Biosensors: From Healthcare Monitoring to Sports Analytics." Biosensors 10, no. 12 (December 15, 2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios10120205.

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Recent advances in lab-on-a-chip technology establish solid foundations for wearable biosensors. These newly emerging wearable biosensors are capable of non-invasive, continuous monitoring by miniaturization of electronics and integration with microfluidics. The advent of flexible electronics, biochemical sensors, soft microfluidics, and pain-free microneedles have created new generations of wearable biosensors that explore brand-new avenues to interface with the human epidermis for monitoring physiological status. However, these devices are relatively underexplored for sports monitoring and analytics, which may be largely facilitated by the recent emergence of wearable biosensors characterized by real-time, non-invasive, and non-irritating sensing capacities. Here, we present a systematic review of wearable biosensing technologies with a focus on materials and fabrication strategies, sampling modalities, sensing modalities, as well as key analytes and wearable biosensing platforms for healthcare and sports monitoring with an emphasis on sweat and interstitial fluid biosensing. This review concludes with a summary of unresolved challenges and opportunities for future researchers interested in these technologies. With an in-depth understanding of the state-of-the-art wearable biosensing technologies, wearable biosensors for sports analytics would have a significant impact on the rapidly growing field—microfluidics for biosensing.

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Frolova, Elena Vladimirovna. "Healthcare in Germany." Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine), no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2101-09.

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Germany has long and firmly held a leading position in many areas: in the field of industry and entrepreneurship, culture and tourism, the introduction of advanced technologies and sports. Medical care is no exception. Annually, about 11.5% of GDP is allocated from the federal budget for health care; in 2019, 15.3 billion euro were spent on the expenditures of the German Ministry of Health, the lion's share of which (94.6%) went to providing public insurance. The first Law on Compulsory Health Insurance for the Whole Working Population entered into force in Germany back in 1883, before that it was valid only in Bavaria. This Act, proposed by German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, was, in fact, the prototype for the introduction of a compulsory health care system around the world. Today, the compulsory health insurance system covers 90% of the German population. All residents of the country with a compulsory health insurance policy are entitled to almost the same range of medical services. At the same time, the amount of medical care received with compulsory health insurance does not depend on the amount of the insurance premium. The cost of health insurance for each citizen is determined based on the amount of his income.

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Dedusenko, Elena. "Impact Investing in Sports and Healthcare: problems and trends in measurement." BIO Web of Conferences 29 (2021): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20212901020.

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The idea of this paper is to focus on the trends of the impact investing industry worldwide. At this stage of the impact investing development in the international scale such researches are crucial steps for its further growth and use in the different industries. It is essential aim to analyse impact investing potential in the sports and healthcare sectors. In addition, an interesting area of research is the comparison of metrics for evaluating the effectiveness of impact investing and sports and healthcare. The key issues studied include the actual trends and challenges in impact investing system and recommendations for improvement of the impact investing ecosystem.

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Kauk, Justin, Austin D. Hill, and Peter L. Althausen. "Healthcare Fundamentals." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 28 (July 2014): S25—S41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bot.0000000000000140.

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Malmborg, Julia S., M. Charlotte Olsson, Stefan Bergman, and Ann Bremander. "Musculoskeletal pain and its association with maturity and sports performance in 14-year-old sport school students." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 4, no. 1 (July 2018): e000395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000395.

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ObjectivesIn youth sports, musculoskeletal pain is often studied from the standpoint of sports injuries, but little is known about pain conditions in which athletes still participate. The aim was to study the frequency of pain and associations with maturity offset, health status and sports performance in 14-year-old sport school students.MethodsCross-sectional design. One hundred and seventy-eight students (108 boys and 70 girls) completed anthropometric measures for maturity offset (height, weight and sitting height), questionnaires (pain mannequin and EQ-5D for health status) and sports performance tests (sprint, agility, counter-movement jump and grip strength). Differences between groups were analysed with Student’s t-test and analysis of covariance.ResultsThirty-one students (18.6%) reported infrequent pain, 85 (50.9%) frequent pain and 51 (30.5%) constant pain. Students in the constant pain group had worse health status than those in the infrequent pain group. Boys with constant pain (n=27) had a lower mean maturity offset (–0.38 vs 0.07 years; p=0.03) than boys with infrequent pain (n=22), and pain was associated with worse sports performance. There was no difference in maturity or sports performance between girls with constant pain (n=24) and girls with infrequent pain (n=9).ConclusionMusculoskeletal pain is common in sport school students and coincides with worse health status and with a younger biological age in boys. The high prevalence of pain should be acknowledged by coaches and student healthcare workers in order to promote a healthy and sustainable development in young athletes.

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Pinzur, Michael. "FootForum: Healthcare Reform." Foot & Ankle International 31, no. 9 (September 2010): 832–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3113/fai.2010.0832.

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Okike, Kanu, and Kevin J. Bozic. "Orthopaedic Healthcare Worldwide: The Transparent Pricing Revolution in Healthcare." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® 472, no. 8 (May 30, 2014): 2325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11999-014-3701-z.

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Neidecker, John, Nitin K. Sethi, Randolph Taylor, Raymond Monsell, Don Muzzi, Bruce Spizler, Larry Lovelace, et al. "Concussion management in combat sports: consensus statement from the Association of Ringside Physicians." British Journal of Sports Medicine 53, no. 6 (July 26, 2018): 328–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098799.

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Various organisations and experts have published numerous statements and recommendations regarding different aspects of sports-related concussion including definition, presentation, treatment, management and return to play guidelines. 1–7To date, there have been no written consensus statements specific for combat sports regarding management of combatants who have suffered a concussion or for return to competition after a concussion. In combat sports, head contact is an objective of the sport itself. Accordingly, management and treatment of concussion in combat sports should, and must, be more stringent than for non-combat sports counterparts.The Association of Ringside Physicians (an international, non-profit organisation dedicated to the health and safety of the combat sports athlete) sets forth this consensus statement to establish management guidelines that ringside physicians, fighters, referees, trainers, promoters, sanctioning bodies and other healthcare professionals can use in the ringside setting. We also provide guidelines for the return of a combat sports athlete to competition after sustaining a concussion. This consensus statement does not address the management of moderate to severe forms of traumatic brain injury, such as intracranial bleeds, nor does it address the return to competition for combat sports athletes who have suffered such an injury. These more severe forms of brain injuries are beyond the scope of this statement. This consensus statement does not address neuroimaging guidelines in combat sports.

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Siegel, Matthew, Michael Patetta, Mark Orland, Abhishek Deshpande, and Mark Hutchinson. "Individual and Team Sports-related Hospitalizations for Traumatic Brain Injuries in Pediatric Patients (104)." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 10_suppl5 (October 1, 2021): 2325967121S0025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00254.

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Objectives: Pediatric sport participation continues to increase in the United States with a corresponding increase in sports related concussions or traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Based on this impact, it is important to recognize which sports are at elevated risk, identify patient and hospital-associated risk factors for hospital admission and length of stay, as well as understand billing costs for both individual and team sport participants. Improved awareness may help avoid disproportionate treatments, reduce economic burdens, and allow physicians to more effectively manage these injuries. Methods: Pediatric patients (ages 5-18) from 2008 to 2014 were identified from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS). ICD-9 CM codes were used to include 894 patients who were hospitalized with a concussion resulting from either participating in an individual (N = 451) or team sport (N = 443) (Figure 1). An adjusted odds ratio was calculated using demographic and hospital information. Welch ANOVA was performed to evaluate differences in length of hospital stay and total charges between cohorts. This was repeated for a loss of consciousness subgroup analysis within each cohort. Results: Younger athletes in individual sports were more likely to have associated loss of consciousness, be self-pay, experience a greater number of procedures, and require an operating room procedure. (Table 1). When compared to team sports, TBI patients in individual sports had significantly longer (p < 0.001) and costlier (p < 0.001) hospital stays (Table 2). The only significant finding that was worse in team sports was that loss of consciousness led to greater total charges (p < 0.001) (Table 2). For team sports, American tackle football, (43.6%) and for individual sports, bike riding, (28.2%) were the most frequent sports associated with TBIs in their respective cohorts (Table 3). Conclusions: Individual sport TBIs may be associated with longer and more expensive hospitalizations. The explanation is likely multifactorial but may be complicated by reduced awareness and reduced compliance with strict return to play protocols in individual sports. Safety education information at a young age, clear discharge instructions, and baseline health assessments when possible may help mitigate these findings.

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Dalal, Naveen, and Indu Chhabra. "An Overview of Multi Agent System for Sports and Healthcare Industry." Oriental journal of computer science and technology 13, no. 0203 (January 30, 2021): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojcst13.0203.07.

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Players more often engage in excessive physical activities during exercise session as well as in the game session because results of the games highly depend over the performance of participants that can be degraded due to various factors current health status, injury history, exercise types and duration, training and game experience. A Multi agent System can analyze all these factors and the overall performance of the participants can be improved using feedback. In this paper, the role of the Artificial Intelligence, Expert System, Machine/Deep Learning/Neural Networks in the sports and healthcare industry will be explored.

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Laki, Judit, Ágnes Soós, Péter Jákó, András Tállay, Ábel Perjés, and Anita Megyeriné Szabó. "Introducing the National Institute for Sports Medicine in Hungary: a complex sports medical healthcare and screening system." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 3, no. 1 (September 2017): e000267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000267.

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Harmon, Kimberly G., James R. Clugston, Katherine Dec, Brian Hainline, Stanley Herring, Shawn F. Kane, Anthony P. Kontos, et al. "American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement on concussion in sport." British Journal of Sports Medicine 53, no. 4 (January 31, 2019): 213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-100338.

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Sport-related concussion (SRC) is a common injury in recreational and organised sport. Over the past 30 years, there has been significant progress in our scientific understanding of SRC, which in turn has driven the development of clinical guidelines for diagnosis, assessment and management of SRC. In addition to a growing need for knowledgeable healthcare professionals to provide evidence-based care for athletes with SRC, media attention and legislation have created awareness and, in some cases, fear about many issues and unknowns surrounding SRC. The American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) formed a writing group to review the existing literature on SRC, update its previous position statement, and to address current evidence and knowledge gaps regarding SRC. The absence of definitive outcomes-based data is challenging and requires relying on the best available evidence integrated with clinical experience and patient values. This statement reviews the definition, pathophysiology and epidemiology of SRC, the diagnosis and management of both acute and persistent concussion symptoms, the short-term and long-term risks of SRC and repetitive head impact exposure, SRC prevention strategies, and potential future directions for SRC research. The AMSSM is committed to best clinical practices, evidence-based research and educational initiatives that positively impact the health and safety of athletes.

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Mohamad, Yousef I., Samah S. Baraheem, and Tam V. Nguyen. "Olympic Games Event Recognition via Transfer Learning with Photobombing Guided Data Augmentation." Journal of Imaging 7, no. 2 (January 20, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging7020012.

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Automatic event recognition in sports photos is both an interesting and valuable research topic in the field of computer vision and deep learning. With the rapid increase and the explosive spread of data, which is being captured momentarily, the need for fast and precise access to the right information has become a challenging task with considerable importance for multiple practical applications, i.e., sports image and video search, sport data analysis, healthcare monitoring applications, monitoring and surveillance systems for indoor and outdoor activities, and video captioning. In this paper, we evaluate different deep learning models in recognizing and interpreting the sport events in the Olympic Games. To this end, we collect a dataset dubbed Olympic Games Event Image Dataset (OGED) including 10 different sport events scheduled for the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020. Then, the transfer learning is applied on three popular deep convolutional neural network architectures, namely, AlexNet, VGG-16 and ResNet-50 along with various data augmentation methods. Extensive experiments show that ResNet-50 with the proposed photobombing guided data augmentation achieves 90% in terms of accuracy.

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de Borja, Celina, Cindy J. Chang, Rhonda Watkins, and Carlin Senter. "Optimizing Health and Athletic Performance for Women." Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine 15, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12178-021-09735-2.

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Abstract Purpose of Review The exponential growth of women participating in competitive sports throughout the years was made possible through several initiatives by the International Olympic Committee and the passage and implementation of Title IX as a federal law in the United States. However, this positive trend towards gender equity in sports has not transpired for women in medicine, especially in fields that care for elite athletes. This current review will discuss specific areas that can be tailored to help female athletes prevent injuries and optimize their athletic performance. We will also highlight how increased female team physician representation in sports may help optimize care for female athletes. Recent Findings Female athletes are considered high risk for certain conditions such as ACL tears, patellofemoral pain syndrome, bone stress injuries, sport-related concussions, and sexual violence in sport. Addressing factors specific to female athletes has been found to be valuable in preventing injuries. Strength and conditioning can optimize athletic performance but remains underutilized among female athletes. Although diversity in healthcare workforce has been found to be beneficial for multiple reasons, women remain underrepresented in sports medicine. Increasing female team physician representation may positively impact care for female athletes. Summary Team physicians must understand the physiologic, biomechanical, and anatomic factors that are unique to female athletes in order to tailor injury prevention programs and optimize their athletic performance. Advocating for gender equity in sports medicine to advance representation of women in the field will increase workforce diversity and promote excellence in sports medicine care.

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Waldrop, Virginia H., David C. Laverty, and Kevin J. Bozic. "Value-based Healthcare." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 477, no. 2 (February 2019): 281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.blo.0000534683.24250.9c.

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Winegar, Angela L., Jamie Moxham, Thomas P. Erlinger, and Kevin J. Bozic. "Value-based Healthcare." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 476, no. 9 (September 2018): 1704–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/corr.0000000000000406.

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Keswani, Aakash, Nicole Sheikholeslami, and Kevin J. Bozic. "Value-based Healthcare." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 476, no. 12 (December 2018): 2318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/corr.0000000000000552.

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Jayakumar, Prakash, Meredith L. G. Moore, and Kevin J. Bozic. "Value-based Healthcare." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 477, no. 8 (August 2019): 1777–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/corr.0000000000000873.

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Alokozai, Aaron, Prakash Jayakumar, and Kevin J. Bozic. "Value-based Healthcare." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 477, no. 11 (November 2019): 2418–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/corr.0000000000000985.

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Gray, Chancellor F., Hari K. Parvataneni, and Kevin J. Bozic. "Value-based Healthcare." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 478, no. 5 (May 2020): 954–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/corr.0000000000001234.

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Clayton-Turner, Angela. "Communication in Healthcare." Physiotherapy 85, no. 3 (March 1999): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9406(05)65702-1.

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Leyton-Mange, Andrea, John Andrawis, and Kevin J. Bozic. "Value-based Healthcare." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 476, no. 5 (May 2018): 934–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11999.0000000000000130.

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Ingwe, Richard, Walter Mboto, Felix Ojong, and Ikwun Angiating. "Bailing Out Collapsing Social Infrastructure in Developing Countries Through Sports: How Football is Contributing to Healthcare Improvement in Urban Nigeria." Sport Science Review 21, no. 1-2 (April 1, 2012): 79–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10237-012-0005-7.

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Bailing Out Collapsing Social Infrastructure in Developing Countries Through Sports: How Football is Contributing to Healthcare Improvement in Urban Nigeria Although the role of sports in shaping/changing urban and regional landscapes through megalomaniac building of stadia, golf courses, among other spectacular artifacts have recently attracted tremendous academic research interests, sports' role in improving collapsing health-care infrastructure in developing countries is poorly documented. Here, we show the potentials of football in multi-stakeholder mobilization for financing/improving/ in urban health-care Nigeria using contributions towards heart diseases treatment by Kanu Heart Foundation and campaigns by Nigeria's international footballers. Geo-demographic analysis of secondary data is applied to highlight inadequacy of healthcare in urban Cross River State, like of urban (like rural) Nigeria. How various diplomacy concepts could be employed by urban managements to mobilize sports-heroes, stakeholders (professionals: players, managers, clubs; civil society, etc) for fund-raising towards improving healthcare in Nigeria is described. The policy implication of this paper includes employing multi-dimensional diplomacy for managing multi-stakeholder urban sports and health development programmes as a means of surmounting the problem of inadequate funding for urban health development in Cross River State, Nigeria. Although this article focuses on Nigeria, its description of health-care deficits and findings speak for much of sub-Saharan Africa and developing countries.

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Meyers, Rachel N., Robyn B. McHugh, and Alissa M. Conde. "Factors That Foster Therapeutic Alliance in Pediatric Sports and Orthopedics: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 18 (September 19, 2022): 11813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811813.

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Therapeutic alliance has been defined as building rapport between provider and patient in order to enhance patient motivation to improve outcomes. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify factors that patients look for that help build a strong therapeutic alliance in their pediatric sports or orthopedics healthcare provider, to identify if these factors differ across healthcare professions, and to identify any differences in therapeutic alliance between patients and their provider regarding in-person and telehealth visits. Scientific databases were searched from inception until August 2022. The search strategy resulted in 2195 articles with 11 studies included in the final analysis. The main attributes adolescents look for in their pediatric sports healthcare provider were shared decision making and understanding patients’ sports and goals. These factors were found to differ among parents, sex, race, and socioeconomic status. The top factors improving therapeutic alliance in telehealth were having an already established relationship with the provider, visits lasting longer than 30 min, and having an English-speaking provider for English-speaking patients. The available literature highlights factors that contribute to the development of a stronger therapeutic alliance in the pediatric sports and orthopedics population. As these factors differ among adolescents, parents, sex, race, and socioeconomic status, this review provides insight in what patients and families look for in their provider when seeking care.

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Dayton, Steven R., Hayden Baker, Ujash Sheth, Vehniah K. Tjong, and Michael Terry. "Various clinical practice guidelines for sports-related concussion are of sufficient methodological quality by AGREE II: a systematic review." Journal of ISAKOS: Joint Disorders & Orthopaedic Sports Medicine 5, no. 5 (June 2, 2020): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jisakos-2019-000410.

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ImportanceClinical practice guidelines (CPGs) relating to concussion management are published by various healthcare specialties, including but not limited to orthopaedic surgery, family medicine, neurology and athletic trainers. A systematic analysis can help identify high quality CPGs for clinical use by sports medicine physicians.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to systematically identify and appraise relevant CPGs related to sports-related concussion in adult patients.Evidence reviewPredetermined selection criteria were used by two reviewers who independently identified published CPGs before 1 November 2018. CPGs were excluded if they focused only on paediatric patients or their scope was greater than concussion in the setting of sports. The remaining guidelines were analysed by five independent reviewers with different levels of training using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II tool. Guidelines were deficient if they earned scores less than 50%. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to assess interobserver agreement between the evaluators. Scores were compared by publishing institution and healthcare discipline using Kruskal-Wallis tests.FindingsSeven CPGs met the inclusion criteria. Guidelines came from neurologists, athletic therapists/trainers and interdisciplinary sports medicine bodies. Interobserver agreement was strong and mean scores between surgical trainees (124.5) and board-certified surgeons (125.9) were not statistically different. Guideline quality was variable but not deficient (>50%), except regarding ‘editorial independence’. No statistical difference was found between guidelines from different publishing institutions. Additionally, no statistical difference was found between guidelines published by different healthcare professionals.Conclusions and relevanceOverall, CPG quality was variable but not deficient, except for the domain of editorial independence. Bias due to poor editorial independence is a concern, particularly in CPGs published by non-physicians. Given the similarity in content and methodological quality, consideration should be given to condense evidence into a single CPG to be used by all healthcare professionals in the management of sports concussion.Level of evidence1, Systematic Review.

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Arnold, Amanda, Ryan Zarzycki, and Mathew Failla. "DOES GEOGRAPHICAL REGION IMPACT PARENTS’ PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS YOUTH SPORT SPECIALIZATION?" Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 7_suppl3 (July 1, 2021): 2325967121S0009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00096.

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Background: Two billion U.S. healthcare dollars are spent on youth sports injuries each year. This staggering figure is projected to increase as athletes are sustaining more sport-related injuries and are specializing in a single sport at younger ages than ever before. Sport specialization is a modifiable injury risk factor unique to youth athlete populations. Parents are a group of key stakeholders whose knowledge and beliefs likely impact youth sport participation, however a paucity of research exists in this area. Purpose: To assess the differences in perceptions of parents on youth sport participation and specialization based on geographical region. Methods: Parents of children, ages 8-18 years, who participate in organized sports were surveyed for this study. Electronic surveys with a total of 40 questions were circulated via team/organization mailing lists and social media. Geographic regions were described as either South or North based on divisions from the U.S. Census Bureau. Sport specialization was defined as an athlete meeting >2 of the following 3 criteria: participates in one sport to the exclusion of other sports, participates in sport-specific lessons, participates on >2 teams in a single sport. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analyses were used to compare perceptions of parents with specialized and non-specialized athletes across different geographical regions. Results: Three-hundred and seventy-one responses were collected (South=204, North=167). Parents from the South reported a higher number of specialized athletes as compared to parents from the North (54% vs 38%; P=0.003). Regardless of geographical region, most parents did not think specialization had a positive impact on a youth athlete’s development ( P=0.307) or their future in that sport ( P=0.086) (Figures 1 & 2). Parents from the South did select ‘Potential to earn a college scholarship’ as a motivator for youth sport specialization more often when compared to parents from the North (30% vs 17%; P=0.002). Conclusion: Regional differences exist in the percentage of specialized youth athletes participating in organized sport. Parental knowledge of the risks and benefits of youth sport specialization does not appear to drive these observed differences. Earning a college scholarship was selected more frequently as a reason for specialization in the South, indicating that societal or socioeconomic factors may be present. Further research is needed to determine the underlying factors driving youth sport specialization in the U.S. Figures: [Figure: see text][Figure: see text] References: Bell DR PE, Trigsted SM, Hetzel S, McGuine TA and Brooks MA. Prevalence of Sport Specialization in High School Athletics: A 1-Year Observational Study. Am J Sports Med. 2016;44(6):1469-1474. Bell DR, Post EG, Trigsted SM, Schaefer DA, McGuine TA, Brooks MA. Parents’ Awareness and Perceptions of Sport Specialization and Injury Prevention Recommendations. Clin J Sport Med. 2018. Brooks MA, Post EG, Trigsted SM, et al. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs of Youth Club Athletes Toward Sport Specialization and Sport Participation. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(5). Gregory S. How Kids’ Sports became a $15 Billion Industry. TIME. 2017;190(9). Jayanthi NA, LaBella CR, Fischer D, Pasulka J, Dugas LR. Sports-specialized intensive training and the risk of injury in young athletes: a clinical case-control study. Am J Sports Med. 2015;43(4):794-801. LaPrade RF, Agel J, Baker J, et al. AOSSM Early Sport Specialization Consensus Statement. Orthop J Sports Med. 2016;4(4). Malina RM. Early sport specialization: roots, effectiveness, risks. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2010;9(6):364-371. McGuine TA, Post EG, Hetzel SJ, Brooks MA, Trigsted S, Bell DR. A Prospective Study on the Effect of Sport Specialization on Lower Extremity Injury Rates in High School Athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2017;45(12): 2706-2712. Myer GD, Jayanthi N, Difiori JP, et al. Sport Specialization, Part I: Does Early Sports Specialization Increase Negative Outcomes and Reduce the Opportunity for Success in Young Athletes? Sports Health.2015;7(5):437-442. Pasulka J, Jayanthi N, McCann A, Dugas LR, LaBella C. Specialization patterns across various youth sports and relationship to injury risk. Phys Sportsmed. 2017;45(3):344-352. Post EG, Trigsted SM, Riekena JW, et al. The Association of Sport Specialization and Training Volume With Injury History in Youth Athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2017;45(6):1405-1412. U.S. Census Bureau. Census Bureau Regions and Divisions with State FIPS Codes. https://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/maps/reference/us_regdiv.pdf . Accessed June 26, 2020.

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Fomicheva, T. V., I. V. Dolgorukova, J. O. Sulyagina, E. M. Kryukova, N. N. Filimonova, and V. I. Zhukova. "Changing national health values of Russian youth aged 13-17." International journal of health sciences 5, no. 3 (December 19, 2021): 542–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v5n3.2322.

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The article is devoted to the study of the attitudes of contemporary Russian youth to a healthy lifestyle, healthcare in general, and physical culture and sports. As a result of a qualitative sociological study, the main trends and perspectives in the perception of a healthy lifestyle, physical culture, and sports in Russian regions are discovered and defined. The study specifies the motivational aspects of young Russians’ attitudes to a healthy lifestyle, healthcare, physical culture, and sports. The specific features of the development of regional physical culture and sports in Russia, as well as the characteristics of the perception of physical culture and sports by various groups of Russian youth in the regions of the country, are identified. The attitudes to social stereotypes concerning a healthy lifestyle and sports in the minds of Russian citizens are discovered. The practical significance of the study results: the conclusions of the project can be used for the development of youth policy, as well as the development of new programs for the optimization of young people’s lifestyle and the development of physical culture and sports in Russia. The study results can be utilized for the innovation of courses on the sociology of health and disease.

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Shee, A. Wong, A. Clapperton, and C. Finch. "Rural vs. metro: Geographical differences in sports injury healthcare burden in Victoria." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 18 (December 2014): e118-e119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.11.084.

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McGrew, Christopher, Daisy-Scarlett MacCallum, Dustymarie Narducci, Rathna Nuti, Leonard Calabrese, Robert J. Dimeff, Stephen Paul, Sourav Poddar, Ashwin Rao, and Douglas McKeag. "AMSSM position statement update: blood-borne pathogens in the context of sports participation." British Journal of Sports Medicine 54, no. 4 (March 19, 2019): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-100650.

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This American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement update is directed towards healthcare providers of patients involved in sport and exercise. There have been significant advances in clinical and scientific research in the understanding of blood-borne pathogens (BBPs), and this update incorporates these advancements. This document is intended as a general guide to clinical practice based on the current state of the evidence, while acknowledging the need for modification as new knowledge becomes available. Confirmed transmission of BBPs during sport is exceedingly rare. There are no well-documented reports of HIV, HCV or HDV transmission during sport. There is also no evidence for universal testing for BBPs as a specific requirement for participation in sports. Competitive athletes and non-athletes should follow appropriate general public health agency recommendations for screening for BBPs, considering their individual risk factors and exposures. Standard (universal) precautions must be followed by those providing care to athletes. Exercise and athletic participation can help promote a healthy lifestyle for persons living with BBPs. Those with acute symptomatic BBP infection should limit exercise intensity based on their current health status. Education is the key tool for preventing BBP transmission. Research gaps include evaluation of the prevalence of BBP infections in competitive athletes, the effects of long-term, intense training on infected athletes and the effects of BBP treatment therapies on performance.

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Ketelhut, Sascha, Reinhard G. Ketelhut, Burkhard Weisser, and Claudio R. Nigg. "Interval Training in Sports Medicine: Current Thoughts on an Old Idea." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 18 (September 17, 2022): 5468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11185468.

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In light of the global physical inactivity pandemic, the increasing prevalence of non-committable diseases, and mounting healthcare costs, effective and feasible prevention and treatment approaches are urgently needed [...]

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Huston, Jeffery L. "Ethics of Youth Sports: Protecting Our Future." International Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training 22, no. 1 (January 2017): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijatt.2016-0019.

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Youth sports teach lessons of teamwork, perseverance, and competition. The unique aspects of youth sports provide constraints that occur with the interaction between participants, coaches, parents, and medical professionals. Ethical dimensions arise out of the nature of the interaction between adults and youth that can build upon the inherent benefits of youth sports participation or reinforce the worst aspects of participation. Parents and coaches play a particular role in dealing with the development of youth athletes, while medical professionals must understand that the relationship between the patient and clinician and the expectation of the social contract is changed through the dynamics of the triadic nature of healthcare in youth sports.

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