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1

Mattes, Johannes. "Collecting empires: Dominik Bilimek and early subterranean zoology between politics and field research." Subterranean Biology 49 (October 7, 2024): 117–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.49.132266.

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Анотація:
The Moravian Cistercian monk and collector Dominik Bilimek (1813–1884) is considered one of the earliest European naturalists to conduct zoological research on subterranean fauna in Latin America. During the second French invasion of Mexico, from 1861 to 1867, he accompanied Maximilian of Habsburg, the newly enthroned emperor of Mexico, to the region. There, he explored the Grutas de Cacahuamilpa near Taxco de Alarcón, comparing its fauna to his earlier discoveries in Postojnska jama in Carniola (Slovenia). After the victory of the Mexican republican forces and Maximilian’s execution, Bilimek
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2

Mattes, Johannes. "Collecting empires: Dominik Bilimek and early subterranean zoology between politics and field research." Subterranean Biology 49 (October 7, 2024): 117–37. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.49.132266.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The Moravian Cistercian monk and collector Dominik Bilimek (1813–1884) is considered one of the earliest European naturalists to conduct zoological research on subterranean fauna in Latin America. During the second French invasion of Mexico, from 1861 to 1867, he accompanied Maximilian of Habsburg, the newly enthroned emperor of Mexico, to the region. There, he explored the Grutas de Cacahuamilpa near Taxco de Alarcón, comparing its fauna to his earlier discoveries in Postojnska jama in Carniola (Slovenia). After the victory of the Mexican republican forces and Maximilian's execution, Bilimek
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3

Dominguez-Moñino, Irene, Valme Jurado, Miguel Angel Rogerio-Candelera, Bernardo Hermosin, and Cesareo Saiz-Jimenez. "Airborne bacteria in show caves from Southern Spain." Microbial Cell 8, no. 10 (2021): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15698/mic2021.10.762.

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Анотація:
This work presents a study on the airborne bacteria recorded in three Andalusian show caves, subjected to different managements. The main differences within the caves were the absence of lighting and phototrophic biofilms in Cueva de Ardales, the periodic maintenance and low occurrence of phototrophic biofilms in Gruta de las Maravillas, and the abundance of phototrophic biofilms in speleothems and walls in Cueva del Tesoro. These factors conditioned the diversity of bacteria in the caves and therefore there are large differences among the CFU m-3, determined using a suction impact collector,
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4

Nichols, P. G. H., G. A. Sandral, B. S. Dear, et al. "Izmir subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L. var. subterraneum)." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 2 (2007): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05283.

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Анотація:
Izmir is a hardseeded, early flowering, subterranean clover of var. subterraneum (Katz. et Morley) Zohary and Heller collected from Turkey and developed by the collaborating organisations of the National Annual Pasture Legume Improvement Program. It is a more hardseeded replacement for Nungarin and best suited to well-drained, moderately acidic soils in areas with a growing season of less than 4.5 months. Izmir seed production and regeneration densities in 3-year pasture phases were similar to Nungarin in 21 trials across southern Australia, but markedly greater in years following a crop or no
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5

GHAMKHAR, K., P. G. H. NICHOLS, W. ERSKINE, et al. "Hotspots and gaps in the world collection of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.)." Journal of Agricultural Science 153, no. 6 (2014): 1069–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859614000793.

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Анотація:
SUMMARYSubterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) is the most important annual pasture legume in the winter-dominant rainfall areas of Southern Australia. Systematic germplasm collections of subterranean clover from its centre of origin have been made since the 1950s, particularly by Australian scientists, in order to broaden the genetic base of the species. The present study reports on a meta-analysis of the distribution of the world collection of subterranean clovers and their relationships to eco-geographic variables of the collection sites in their native habitat. Diversity hotspots (
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6

Barbosa, Fernando Mendes, Rogério Marcos de Oliveira Alves, Bruno de Almeida Souza, and Carlos Alfredo Lopes de Carvalho. "Nest architecture of the stingless bee Geotrigona subterranea (Friese,1901) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini)." Biota Neotropica 13, no. 1 (2013): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032013000100017.

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Анотація:
We located ten nests of Geotrigona subterranea in the transition area between Cerrado and Caatinga within the municipalities of Lontra and Januária, state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. We collected the nests to study their architecture in detail. In the present paper, we describe the general nest structure of this bee species in terms of: number, shape and area of the combs; size of the brood cells; size of honey and pollen pots; volume of honey and mass of pollen stored in closed pots; presence of inquiline species; and defensive characteristics. All nests were found in subterranean c
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7

Flett, SP. "Studies on Phytophthora clandestina, the cause of taproot rot in subterranean clover. 1. Evidence for physiological specialisation in Phytophthora clandestina." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 34, no. 8 (1994): 1125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9941125.

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Анотація:
Root rot caused by Phytophthora clandestina Taylor, Pascoe & Greenhalgh is a serious disease of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum), an important leguminous component of Australia's temperate pastures. Previous reports have shown that P. clandestina causes severe taproot rot in cv. Woogenellup, while cvv. Larisa and Trikkala remain highly resistant. In this study, 3 greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effects of P. clandestina isolates collected between 1983 and 1990 on different subterranean clover cultivars. Woogenellup was consistently susceptible while Meteo
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8

Jiang, Y., and T. J. Ridsdill-Smith. "Examination of the involvement of mechanical strength in antixenotic resistance of subterranean clover cotyledons to the redlegged earth mite (Halotydeus destructor) (Acarina: Penthaleidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 86, no. 3 (1996): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000748530005255x.

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Анотація:
AbstractResistance involving penetrability of cotyledons of subterranean clover Trifolium subterraneum (Leguminosae) by the redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor Tucker, was examined in this study using several approaches. Values of penetrability, presented as mechanical strength measured with a penetrometer with a tubulated probe, of cotyledons tested 11–13 days after seeding, from nine varieties of two subspecies of subterranean clover (T. subterraneum subsp. yanninicum and subsp. brachycalicinum) were negatively correlated with feeding damage caused by H. destructor in both 3 h pairwi
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9

Banik, Bidhyut Kumar, Zoey Durmic, William Erskine, and Clinton Revell. "Anti-methanogenic advantage of biserrula (Biserrula pelecinus) over subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) from in vitro fermentation is maintained across growth stages and cutting treatments." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 3 (2019): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18069.

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Анотація:
The annual forage legume biserrula (Biserrula pelecinus L.) offers a promising opportunity as a low-methanogenic, bioactive pasture for southern Australian grazing systems where subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) is the dominant annual pasture legume. This in vitro study to assess methanogenic potential examined how growth stage and cutting of biserrula affect biomass, nutritive value and fermentative parameters including methanogenic potential compared with subterranean clover. Both species were grown in a glasshouse, where three growth-stage treatments comprised plant collection
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10

Nichols, P. G. H., K. J. Foster, E. Piano, et al. "Genetic improvement of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.). 1. Germplasm, traits and future prospects." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 4 (2013): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13118.

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Анотація:
Subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) is the most widely sown annual pasture legume species in southern Australia, valued in the livestock and grains industries as a source of high-quality forage and for its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. From its initial accidental introduction into Australia in the 19th Century and subsequent commercialisation in the early 1900s, 45 cultivars have been registered in Australia. These consist of 32 cultivars of ssp. subterraneum, eight of ssp. yanninicum, and five of ssp. brachycalycinum and range in flowering time from 77 to 163 days from sowi
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11

Brassard, François, Chi-Man Leong, Hoi-Hou Chan, and Benoit Guénard. "A new subterranean species and an updated checklist of Strumigenys (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Macao SAR, China, with a key to species of the Greater Bay Area." ZooKeys 970 (September 21, 2020): 63–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.970.54958.

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Анотація:
In the past few decades, sampling of leaf litter with Winkler extractors revealed how abundant and ubiquitous ants from the genus Strumigenys are. It is now known that this genus has the third greatest number of species within the Formicidae family. However, very few subterranean species are known, which may be due to the current under-sampling of the soil stratum. Here, a holistic sampling approach, including the use of subterranean traps, was employed in Macao SAR, China. Subterranean traps allowed the collection of a new cryptic ant species: Strumigenys subterranea Brassard, Leong &
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12

Brassard, François, Chi-Man Leong, Hoi-Hou Chan, and Benoit Guénard. "A new subterranean species and an updated checklist of Strumigenys (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Macao SAR, China, with a key to species of the Greater Bay Area." ZooKeys 970 (September 21, 2020): 63–116. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.970.54958.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
In the past few decades, sampling of leaf litter with Winkler extractors revealed how abundant and ubiquitous ants from the genus Strumigenys are. It is now known that this genus has the third greatest number of species within the Formicidae family. However, very few subterranean species are known, which may be due to the current under-sampling of the soil stratum. Here, a holistic sampling approach, including the use of subterranean traps, was employed in Macao SAR, China. Subterranean traps allowed the collection of a new cryptic ant species: Strumigenys subterranea Brassard, Leong & Gué
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13

Clark, S. G., J. Li, A. M. Johnson, G. N. Ward, and J. F. Chin. "Long-term persistence of subterranean clover Trifolium subterraneum L.) cultivars at three sites in south-western Victoria." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 37, no. 5 (1997): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea97012.

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Анотація:
Summary. The seed banks of 6 subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) cultivars were sampled at 3 abandoned cultivar evaluation experiments in south-western Victoria (Hamilton, Macarthur and Timboon). Two were var. yanninicum (Trikkala and Larisa) and 4 were var. subterraneum (Denmark, Goulburn, Karridale and Leura). Seed was sampled in late summer–early autumn 1993, between 6 and 10 years after the sites were established and between 3 and 7 years after the sites were abandoned. The collected seed was separated into black and white seed, and a sample of the black seed was grown in a gla
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14

Nichols, P. G. H., R. Snowball, M. F. D'Antuono, and M. J. Barbetti. "Resistance to clover scorch disease (Kabatiella caulivora) among accessions of purple clover (Trifolium purpureum) and its relationship to the eco-geography of collection sites." Crop and Pasture Science 61, no. 1 (2010): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp09161.

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Анотація:
Visual ratings of disease reaction to a mixture of races 1 and 2 of clover scorch (Kabatiella caulivora) were conducted on inoculated field plots of 206 accessions of Trifolium purpureum (191 var. purpureum and 15 var. pamphyllicum) collected from the Mediterranean basin and surrounding regions. Disease severity scores of the resistant check, cv. Denmark subterranean clover (T. subterraneum), were clearly differentiated from the susceptible check, cv. Paratta purple clover. Nearly 33% of the accessions were resistant to both races. Resistant plants tended to flower later and originate from hig
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15

Gardner, E. M., Y. Y. Ho, K. K. Pham, and Aida Shafreena Ahmad Puad. "The earth figs (Ficus, Moraceae) of Kapit, Sarawak,with five taxa new to science." Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 77, no. 1 (2025): 45–87. https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs77(1).2025-05.

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Анотація:
Recent collections from Kapit, Sarawak (Borneo), have revealed several new species of stoloniflorous figs (earth figs). These plants bear their figs on ground-level or subterranean stolons rather than on aerial stems and have therefore been under-collected,appearing sterile to those who do not know to look at the ground. This study presents four newly described species (Ficus aureopilosa E.M.Gardner,F. pulchrifolia E.M.Gardner,F.rubrostellata E.M.Gardner, and F. salangii E.M.Gardner), one new variety (F. subterranea Corner var.pubescens E.M.Gardner), and one new name for a variety elevated to
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16

Ridley, AM, KR Helyar, and WJ Slattery. "Soil acidification under subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) pastures in north-eastern Victoria." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 2 (1990): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9900195.

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Анотація:
Eleven paired soil samples to 60 cm depth were collected from grazing properties in north-eastern Victoria. Soils were naturally acid and most were red or yellow podsolics. At each site unfertilised soils (unimproved) and soils which had received regular superphosphate applications (improved) were sampled from either side of a fenceline. The percentage of organic carbon was higher on improved sites but pH was usually lower. Using pH and pH buffering capacity data, the rate of soil acidification under improved pasture, relative to unimproved pasture, was estimated. The improved pastures, on ave
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17

Clark, SG, RM McDonald, and HC Street. "Long-term persistence of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) cultivars in south-western Victoria." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 5 (1991): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9910625.

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Анотація:
The long-term persistence of 6 subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) cultivars was determined by sampling seed from 2 experiments at Hamilton and Beeac in south-western Victoria, 8 or 12 years after sowing. For most of this period the plots were managed as part of the surrounding pasture and were closely grazed by sheep. Herbage yield measurements were made and seed was collected from each plot and grown in a glasshouse, in order to identify the cultivar(s) present. Cultivars used were Yarloop, Trikkala, Larisa and Meteora (spp. yanninicum), and Mount Barker and Woogenellup (spp. subter
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18

Cocks, PS. "Evolution in sown populations of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L. ) in South Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 43, no. 7 (1992): 1583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9921583.

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Анотація:
The seed banks of three pastures at Kingscote, Parndana and Waterloo, S.A., were sampled to determine the frequency of divergent genotypes in subterranean clover, and the direction of natural selection. The seeds were grown in nursery rows at Adelaide, and the resulting plants classified into one of the commercial cultivars, or as divergent genotypes. The divergent genotypes from one locality, Kingscote, were described in terms of 17 variables, and compared with strains collected from southern Australia and the Mediterranean basin. At each locality there was more genetic diversity than had bee
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19

Tava, Aldo, Luciano Pecetti, Alessia Bertoli, and Efisio Piano. "Oestrogenic Isoflavone Content in Natural Strains of Subterranean Clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) from Sardinia." Natural Product Communications 1, no. 7 (2006): 1934578X0600100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0600100708.

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Анотація:
A collection of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) genotypes from Sardinia was evaluated for the content of oestrogenic isoflavones to assess differences in total and individual compounds. Daidzein, genistein, and their respective 4′-methoxy derivatives biochanin A and formononetin, were detected in leaves and quantified by GC/FID and GC/MS methods. A large variation among genotypes for individual compounds and for the total isoflavone concentration was observed. Total isoflavones were measured in the range 0.8-13.4 mg/g fresh weight (0.3-4.5% dry matter). Daidzein was usually pre
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20

Wroth, JM, and RAC Jones. "Subterranean clover mottle virus infection of subterranean clover: widespread occurrence in pastures and effects on productivity." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 43, no. 7 (1992): 1597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9921597.

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Анотація:
In 1989 and 1990, infection with subterranean clover mottle sobemovirus (SCMV) was widespread in subterranean clover ( Trifolium subterraneum L.) pastures in the south-west of Western Australia. The virus was detected in 61% of the pastures sampled and incidences of infection ranged from 1 to 50%. The virus was more common in old pastures than in pastures resown with newer cultivars during the preceeding 5 year period. When 12 isolates of SCMV were inoculated to subterranean clover plants grown in the glasshouse, symptoms varied from mild to severe. SCMV isolates P23 and F4 decreased the herba
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21

Abdi, Abdi I., Phillip G. H. Nichols, Parwinder Kaur, Bradley J. Wintle, and William Erskine. "Morphological diversity within a core collection of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.): Lessons in pasture adaptation from the wild." PLOS ONE 15, no. 1 (2020): e0223699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223699.

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22

Haneef, Nayla, Muhammad Arif, and Muhammad Tariq-Khan. "Detection of Major Soil-Borne Viruses and Assessment of Virus-Vector Association in Potato Growing Areas of North-Western Pakistan (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) and Azad Jammu and Kashmir." International Journal of Phytopathology 10, no. 2 (2021): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/phytopath.010.02.3781.

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Анотація:
Soil-borne potato viruses are an increasing economic threat to crop yield in the future. Potato mop-top virus (PMTV) and Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) and their vector association in field infection in North-western region of Pakistan and Azad Jammu and Kashmir were surveyed in this study. Incidence and distribution of these soil-borne viruses were estimated by field sample collection from Malakand and Hazara divisions of KPK and selected areas of Azad Kashmir. PMTV incidence was 22% in Malakand (highest of 40% in Swat II and Swat V), 24% in Hazara (highest 50% in Galliyat), and 23% from selected
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23

Lodge, G. M., and S. Harden. "Evaluation of annual pasture legumes in northern New South Wales. 2. Trifolium and Medicago spp. and other legumes." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 5 (2007): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05294.

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Анотація:
Two studies to evaluate annual pasture legumes were sown in replicated plots near Tamworth, New South Wales. In the first (experiment 1), 24 entries were sown in 1995 and in a second study (experiment 2) 33 entries were sown in 1996. Green herbage mass (kg DM/ha) was assessed in the year of sowing (spring) and thereafter four times per year until spring 2000. Limited data were also collected to estimate maturity grading, seed yield and seedling regeneration. For each experiment, green herbage mass data were examined using cubic smoothing splines and at the end of each study, green herbage mass
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24

Lodge, G. M., and S. Harden. "Evaluation of annual pasture legumes in northern New South Wales. 1. Trifolium subterraneum cultivars and lines." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 5 (2007): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05293.

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Анотація:
Two subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum var. subterraneum and T. subterraneum var. brachycalycinum) evaluation studies were sown in replicated plots. The first study (experiment 1) comprised 30 entries sown in 1993 and 1994 and the second (experiment 2) had 85 entries sown in 1998. Green herbage mass (kg DM/ha) was assessed until spring 2000 (experiment 1) or 2001 (experiment 2). Limited data were also collected in experiment 1 to estimate hardseededness, seed yield and seedling regeneration. For each experiment, green herbage mass was examined using cubic smoothing splines. Plots of i
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25

Pacheco, Renata, and Heraldo L. Vasconcelos. "Subterranean Pitfall Traps: Is It Worth Including Them in Your Ant Sampling Protocol?" Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/870794.

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Анотація:
The use of subterranean traps is a relatively novel method to sample ants, and few studies have evaluated its performance relative to other methods. We collected ants in forests, savannas, and crops in central Brazil using subterranean pitfall traps and conventional pitfall traps placed on the soil surface. Sampling duration, soil depth, and sprinkling vegetal oil around traps all tended to affect the number of species found in subterranean traps. Sixteen percent of the species collected in subterranean traps were unique, and most of these had cryptobiotic morphology (i.e., were truly hypogaei
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26

McKirdy, SJ, and RAC Jones. "Occurrence of alfalfa mosaic and subterranean clover red leaf viruses in legume pastures in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 4 (1995): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9950763.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
When leaf samples were collected from 94 Trifolium subterraneum (subterranean clover) pastures from six districts in spring 1993 in the south-west of Western Australia and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, no alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) or subterranean clover red leaf virus (SCRLV) was detected. In contrast, when 21 irrigated T. repens (white clover) pastures from one district (Bunbury) were sampled and tested in January (summer) 1994, AMV was detected in 16, with eight having infection levels >86%, while SCRLV was found in seven at infection levels of <12%. When a further five
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27

Chandrashekar, M., and GM Halloran. "Variation in, and inheritance of seedling and adult-plant resistance in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) to leaf scorch (Kabatiella caulivora) (Kirch.) Karak." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 41, no. 1 (1990): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9900115.

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Анотація:
The disease reaction of seedlings (2 weeks old) from a field collection of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) to clover scorch (Kabatiella caulivora (Kirch.) Karak), revealed 89 immune plants out of a total of 1530. However, with adult plants (15-16 weeks old) only one plant remained immune. In the F2 population of the cross of the cultivars (Daliak X Woogenellup (D X W), seedling resistance was conditioned by a single dominant gene and in the cross (Enfield X Woogenellup) (EX W) by a single recessive gene. However, with adult plants, resistance in the (D X W) F2 was conditioned by a
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28

Řezáč, Milan, Vlastimil Růžička, Jan Dolanský, and Petr Dolejš. "Vertical distribution of spiders (Araneae) in Central European shallow subterranean habitats." Subterranean Biology 45 (January 18, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.45.95850.

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Анотація:
Shallow subterranean habitats are among the last habitats in Central Europe to be arachnologically researched. Using stratified pipe traps, we studied the vertical distribution of spiders in soil and interspaces in bedrock (shallow subterranean habitats). Specifically, we sampled fauna in different substrates, including limestone, sandy marlstone, sandy marl, claystone, loess, and artificial gravel accumulation. Employing stratified pipe traps allowed us to identify the depth at which particular species occurred. Across multiple years and sampling sites, we collected 76 spider species, 21 of w
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29

Řezáč, Milan, Vlastimil Růžička, Jan Dolanský, and Petr Dolejš. "Vertical distribution of spiders (Araneae) in Central European shallow subterranean habitats." Subterranean Biology 45 (January 18, 2023): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.45.95850.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Shallow subterranean habitats are among the last habitats in Central Europe to be arachnologically researched. Using stratified pipe traps, we studied the vertical distribution of spiders in soil and interspaces in bedrock (shallow subterranean habitats). Specifically, we sampled fauna in different substrates, including limestone, sandy marlstone, sandy marl, claystone, loess, and artificial gravel accumulation. Employing stratified pipe traps allowed us to identify the depth at which particular species occurred. Across multiple years and sampling sites, we collected 76 spider species, 21 of w
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30

Hooker, Karen L., and Matt R. Whiles. "A Technique for Collection and Study of Subterranean Invertebrates." Southwestern Naturalist 33, no. 3 (1988): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3671772.

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31

Lodge, G. M., K. L. King, and S. Harden. "Effects of pasture treatments on detached pasture litter mass, quality, litter loss, decomposition rates, and residence time in northern New South Wales." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 10 (2006): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05408.

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Анотація:
Few data are available on litter quantity and quality and decomposition rates over time and what effects stocking rate, grazing method, legume introduction, and fertiliser application may have. Studies were conducted from spring 1997 to 2001 at 3 pasture sites in northern New South Wales to provide such data by examining the effects of pasture treatments on detached litter mass (kg DM/ha) and quality data (percent carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and C : N ratio) collected at 9 sampling times in 2 replicates of 5 (native pasture) or 4 (sown pasture) treatments and examined for differences over time us
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32

Humphries, A. W., S. S. Robinson, D. Hawkey, et al. "Diversity for resistance to a moderately virulent bluegreen aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji) population in Trifolium species." Crop and Pasture Science 67, no. 9 (2016): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp15102.

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Анотація:
The resistance of a diverse range of Trifolium species (clovers) to a highly virulent bluegreen aphid (BGA, Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji) population (Urrbrae 2011) collected in South Australia was assessed in greenhouse and field experiments, with the aims of determining the potential impact of this insect pest on biomass and identifying resistant genotypes for future plant-breeding activities. Resistance to BGA was found in populations of clovers that show some level of outcrossing—white clover (T. repens L.), rose clover (T. hirtum All.), crimson clover (T. incarnatum L.) and red clover (T. p
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33

Rossiter, RC, and WJ Collins. "Genetic diversity in Old Subterranean Clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) Populations in Western Australia. I. Pastures sown initially to the Dwalganup strain." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 39, no. 6 (1988): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9881051.

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Анотація:
Subterranean clover burrs were collected during summer from 28 sites, 10 of which were in the <500 mm annual rainfall zone. All sites had been sown to the Dwalganup strain, 30-50 years ago. Spaced plants were grown from seed from burr subsamples of each population. Several morphological characters, flowering dates, and oestrogenic isoflavones in late spring leaf samples were determined. At maturity, burr samples were collected from each plant, and the isozyme patterns in seeds were determined for eight enzyme systems using starch gel electrophoresis. Populations from the lower rainfall (&lt
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34

Haľková, Beáta, Ivan Hadrián Tuf, Karel Tajovský, and Andrej Mock. "Subterranean biodiversity and depth distribution of myriapods in forested scree slopes of Central Europe." ZooKeys 930 (April 28, 2020): 117–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.930.48914.

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Анотація:
The shallow underground of rock debris is a unique animal refuge. Nevertheless, the research of this habitat lags far behind the study of caves and soil, due to technical and time-consuming demands. Data on Myriapoda in scree habitat from eleven localities in seven different geomorphological units of the Czech and Slovak Republics were processed. Based on previous studies, as well as knowledge of cave and soil fauna, it was hypothesised that the occurrence of a varied and peculiar fauna would show a pattern of depth distribution with variations due to local specificities. From 2005–2016 (at le
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35

Haľková, Beáta, Ivan Hadrián Tuf, Karel Tajovský, and Andrej Mock. "Subterranean biodiversity and depth distribution of myriapods in forested scree slopes of Central Europe." ZooKeys 930 (April 28, 2020): 117–37. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.930.48914.

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Анотація:
The shallow underground of rock debris is a unique animal refuge. Nevertheless, the research of this habitat lags far behind the study of caves and soil, due to technical and time-consuming demands. Data on Myriapoda in scree habitat from eleven localities in seven different geomorphological units of the Czech and Slovak Republics were processed. Based on previous studies, as well as knowledge of cave and soil fauna, it was hypothesised that the occurrence of a varied and peculiar fauna would show a pattern of depth distribution with variations due to local specificities. From 2005–2016 (at le
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36

Ballarin, Francesco, and Katsuyuki Eguchi. "Integrative taxonomic revision of the genera Nesticella and Howaia in Japan with the description of five new species (Araneae, Nesticidae, Nesticellini)." ZooKeys 1174 (August 11, 2023): 219–72. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1174.101251.

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Анотація:
The Japanese species of the genera Nesticella Lehtinen & Saaristo, 1980 and Howaia Lehtinen & Saaristo, 1980 (Araneae, Nesticidae, Nesticellini) are revised using an integrative taxonomic approach. Their morphology, phylogenetic position within the genera, assignment to species groups, and distribution in mainland Japan and the Ryukyu islands are discussed herein. A phylogenetic and species delimitation analysis was conducted to confirm the boundaries between the putative species that were initially discriminated based on external and genital morphology. As a result of the present stud
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37

Clark, Huon L., Bruno A. Buzatto, and Stuart A. Halse. "A Hotspot of Arid Zone Subterranean Biodiversity: The Robe Valley in Western Australia." Diversity 13, no. 10 (2021): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13100482.

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Анотація:
Knowledge of subterranean fauna has mostly been derived from caves and streambeds, which are relatively easily accessed. In contrast, subterranean fauna inhabiting regional groundwater aquifers or the vadose zone (between surface soil layers and the watertable) is difficult to sample. Here we provide species lists for a globally significant subterranean fauna hotspot in the Robe Valley of the Pilbara region, Western Australia. This fauna was collected from up to 50 m below ground level using mining exploration drill holes and monitoring wells. Altogether, 123 subterranean species were collecte
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38

Fortune, JA, PS Cocks, CK Macfarlane, and FP Smith. "Distribution and abundance of annual legume seeds in the wheatbelt of Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 2 (1995): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950189.

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Анотація:
The size and composition of pasture legume seedbanks were estimated from 2 surveys on a 460-km west-east transect of the wheatbelt of Western Australia. Survey 1 (in spring) sampled naturalised legumes, and survey 2 (in summer) measured the amount and botanical composition of legume seed from selected sites. Seedbanks were examined in greater detail on 2 farms in the higher rainfall part of the wheatbelt. Survey 2 revealed that mean seedbank size of the poorest 40% of sites (those with 5200 kg seed/ha) was 61 kg/ha, and that 72% of seeds were naturalised clovers. In contrast, the best 60% of s
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39

Delprete, Piero G. "Ombrophytum guayanensis, the first record of subfamily Lophophytoideae (Balanophoraceae) in the Guayana Shield." Phytotaxa 175, no. 5 (2014): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.175.5.4.

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Анотація:
The family Balanophoraceae continues to be poorly known and rarely collected, mostly due to its partially or completely subterranean habit and its general aspect resembling a fungus. A recent collection from French Guiana was identified as a species of Ombrophytum unknown to science (O. guayanensis), which is here described and illustrated. This species also represents the first record of the subfamily Lophophytoideae for the Guayana Shield.
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40

Pille, Arnold Juliana, Syngeon Rodman, Michael Curran, and Dean Main. "Can the Karaman-Chappuis method significantly enhance understanding of stygofauna ecology?" ARPHA Conference Abstracts 5 (July 14, 2022): e89165. https://doi.org/10.3897/aca.5.e89165.

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Анотація:
Comprehensive surveys on subterranean fauna are an emerging need for assessing species diversity patterns and for developing biodiversity conservation strategies considering anthropogenic changes to the environment (e.g., mineral and water extraction, climate change). Subterranean habitats comprise mainly terrestrial and aquatic aspects of caves and fissures, as well as interstitial waters. Sampling stygofauna in Northern Western Australia is different to other parts of the world due to the predominance of meso- and micro-caverns, and thus methods are largely constrained to net hauling or pump
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41

Ballarin, Francesco, and Katsuyuki Eguchi. "Integrative taxonomic revision of the genera Nesticella and Howaia in Japan with the description of five new species (Araneae, Nesticidae, Nesticellini)." ZooKeys 1174 (August 11, 2023): 219–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1174.101251.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The Japanese species of the genera Nesticella Lehtinen & Saaristo, 1980 and Howaia Lehtinen & Saaristo, 1980 (Araneae, Nesticidae, Nesticellini) are revised using an integrative taxonomic approach. Their morphology, phylogenetic position within the genera, assignment to species groups, and distribution in mainland Japan and the Ryukyu islands are discussed herein. A phylogenetic and species delimitation analysis was conducted to confirm the boundaries between the putative species that were initially discriminated based on external and genital morphology. As a result of the present stud
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42

White, Nicole, Michelle Guzik, Steven Cooper, Andrew Austin, and Michael Bunce. "What's the potential for environmental DNA (eDNA) to assess stygofauna and trogolofauna: pilot studies from Western Australia." ARPHA Conference Abstracts 1 (December 13, 2018): e32377. https://doi.org/10.3897/aca.1.e32377.

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Анотація:
Biological organisms living in any environment can expel DNA into their surroundings through fecal matter, mucus, shed skin, gametes, etc. Here we examine the utility of metabarcoding from a variety of environmental DNA (eDNA) substrates collected from the Pilbara region, Western Australia, to assess the feasibility for both stygo- and troglofauna detection. With metabarcoding, we confirm eDNA from both stygo- and troglofauna is detectable via molecules. In addition, our proof-of-concept and validation of using an eDNA approach was confirmed when both traditional morphological and metabarcodin
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43

Piģēns, Kārlis, and Ivars Kronis. "Aspects of Formation of Legal Status of Subterranean Depths." SOCRATES. Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Juridiskās fakultātes elektroniskais juridisko zinātnisko rakstu žurnāls / SOCRATES. Rīga Stradiņš University Faculty of Law Electronic Scientific Journal of Law 2, no. 20 (2021): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/socr.20.2021.2.317-330.

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Анотація:
The aim of the study is to identify and investigate ownership trends in exploration and use of subterranean depths of Latvia, by examining aspects of legal status of subterranean depths. The following methods were used as part of the study: (1) analytical method used for gaining and analysing the amount of information obtained, as well as for structuring research work; (2) comparative method for analysis and comparison of legal frameworks between European continent countries for the use of subterranean depths in regulatory enactments; (3) empirical method based on facts obtained objectively an
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44

Godfrey, Eneogwe Okechukwu, Okpala Onwudiegwu Ejike, Anthony William Ojoniko, et al. "Evaluating the Nutritional and Chemical Composition of Treculia Africana and Vigna Subterranea L. Seeds Collected from Kogi State, Nigeria." Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 17, no. 4 (2024): 767–82. https://doi.org/10.35516/jjps.v17i4.2480.

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Анотація:
This study aims to investigate the nutritional composition of two underutilized leguminous crops, namely Treculia africana and Vigna subterranea seeds, collected from Kogi state, Nigeria. The study analysed their proximate composition, mineral content, and amino acid profile using standard analytical methods. Additionally, the chemical composition of the sample was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The results showed that there were significant differences (P≤0.05) in the legume samples. However, V. subterranea seeds had the least moisture content (12.90±0.81 %) as well as
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45

Kotilingam, Srinivasa Murthy. "Molecular Identity of Subterranean Termites." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 8, no. 4 (2020): 410–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v8i4.32445.

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Анотація:
Identification of termites is a challenging task due to variable morphological differences among species and their eusocial behaviour with different caste system. A method for easy and accurate species-level identification at any life stage is required. In this study, a 658-base pair region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was used to explore its utility in the identification of important subterranean termites. Termite specimens collected from 25 locations from various states, were characterized using specific primers for their identification. Sequence analysis and divergen
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46

Sasakawa, Kôji, and Hirotarô Itô. "Two new species of the Pterostichus macrogenys species group (Coleoptera, Carabidae) discovered in shallow subterranean habitats in northern Honshu, Japan." Subterranean Biology 21 (January 24, 2017): 47–56. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.21.11155.

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Анотація:
Shallow subterranean environments have recently received attention as a habitat for Carabidae beetles, and many new species have been discovered using collection techniques devised for this habitat. We report the discovery of two new species of the macrogenys species group of the Pterostichus subgenus Nialoe Tanaka, 1958, collected by subterranean baited traps in northern Honshu, Japan. Pterostichus shinbodakensis Sasakawa & Itô, sp. n. is described from Mt. Shinbodake, Niigata Prefecture, and P. tateishiyamanus Sasakawa & Itô, sp. n. is described from the southeastern foot of Mt. Tate
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47

Rossiter, RC, and WJ Collins. "Genetic diversity in Old Subterranean Clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) Populations in Western Australia. II. Pastures sown initially to the Mt Barker strain." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 39, no. 6 (1988): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9881063.

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Анотація:
Subterranean clover burrs were collected during the summer period from 20 pastures, all of which had been sown to the Mt Barker strain before 1951. These population samples were surveyed for variation in morphological characters and isozyme diversity as in Part I. The old Mt Barker populations, on average, contained about 50% of a few known strains - mostly Mt Barker and/or Woogenellup - and 50% of numerous variant genotypes. The large amount of genetic diversity probably arose from infrequent outcrossing between Mt Barker and Woogenellnp or Mt Barker and Dwalganup. The population genetic stru
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48

Lunghi, Enrico, Giacomo Bruni, Francesco Gentile Ficetola, and Raoul Manenti. "Is the Italian stream frog (Rana italica Dubois, 1987) an opportunistic exploiter of cave twilight zone?" Subterranean Biology 25 (March 20, 2018): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.25.23803.

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Анотація:
Studies on frogs exploiting subterranean environments are extremely scarce, as these Amphibians are usually considered accidental in these environments. However, according to recent studies, some anurans actively select subterranean environments on the basis of specific environmental features, and thus are able to inhabit these environments throughout the year. We present the first study on the abundance and spatial use of the Italian stream frog, Ranaitalica, in subterranean environments. We monthly collected data from 66 cave sectors during a whole year (2013), recording > 120 detecti
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49

Lunghi, Enrico, Giacomo Bruni, Francesco Gentile Ficetola, and Raoul Manenti. "Is the Italian stream frog (Rana italica Dubois, 1987) an opportunistic exploiter of cave twilight zone?" Subterranean Biology 25 (March 20, 2018): 49–60. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.25.23803.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Studies on frogs exploiting subterranean environments are extremely scarce, as these Amphibians are usually considered accidental in these environments. However, according to recent studies, some anurans actively select subterranean environments on the basis of specific environmental features, and thus are able to inhabit these environments throughout the year. We present the first study on the abundance and spatial use of the Italian stream frog, Rana italica, in subterranean environments. We monthly collected data from 66 cave sectors during a whole year (2013), recording > 120 detections
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50

Bhadran, Anjitha K., and N. Ramani. "Acarine species associated with subterranean termites (Blattodea, Termitidae)." ENTOMON 48, no. 3 (2023): 455–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v48i3.949.

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Анотація:
Ten species of mites were found associated with three species of termites, viz, Odontotermes obesus Rambur, 1842, O. feae Wasmann, 1896 and Nasutitermes gardneri Snyder, 1933. The collected mite species conformed to nine genera, four families and two orders. Among the ten species collected, nine of them were from the order Sarcoptiformes and cohort Astigmatina, while only one belonged to the order Trombidiformes. Seven species collected conformed to the family Acaridae. All mite species exhibited a phoretic relationship with their respective host insects. One adult mite, Premicrodispus paramae
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