Статті в журналах: "Success expectancy"

1

Abel, Millicent H. "Self-Esteem: Moderator or Mediator between Perceived Stress and Expectancy of Success?" Psychological Reports 79, no. 2 (October 1996): 635–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1996.79.2.635.

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Relationships between perceived stress, self-esteem, and expectancy of success were examined, and the moderating and mediating effects of self-esteem between perceived stress and expectancy of success were explored. Participants (48 women, 27 men) completed self-rating scales measuring perceived stress, self-esteem, and expectancy of success. Negative relationships were obtained between perceived stress and self-esteem and between perceived stress and expectancy of success Self-esteem and expectancy of success were positively associated. Moderated multiple regression analysis yielded no moderating effect of self-esteem between perceived stress and expectancy of success; however, a mediating effect of self-esteem was obtained using regression techniques.

2

Brandt, Naemi D., Anne Israel, Michael Becker, and Jenny Wagner. "The joint power of personality and motivation dynamics for occupational success: Bridging two largely separated fields." European Journal of Personality 35, no. 4 (March 8, 2021): 480–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890207021996965.

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When establishing a career in adulthood, two major socioemotional ingredients are expected to affect people’s success: how people act (personality) and what motivates them to act this way (motivation). However, little is known about whether and how personality and motivation change together and how their possible dynamic interplay predicts success. We investigated the roles that changes in personality and expectancy beliefs played in explaining occupational success in 4121 participants assessed after high school ( Mage = 22.80, SDage = 0.70; 63% female) and about 20 years later. We used latent change models and moderated structural equation modeling to investigate correlated change and latent change interactions of personality and expectancy beliefs in predicting success. Results illustrated that besides being related in a nomological net, personality and expectancy beliefs also illustrated a strong interrelatedness in change across time. We found the clearest joint change dynamics between emotional stability, conscientiousness, self-concept, and self-efficacy. Changes in personality and expectancy beliefs were furthermore associated with objective and subjective occupational success. The results call for a more integrative view on personality-motivation dynamics across time for understanding the long-term adaptive ingredients of occupational success stories in adulthood.

3

Colomeischi, Aurora Adina. "Predictors for Wellbeing: Emotional Factors and Expectancy for Success." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 190 (May 2015): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.915.

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4

Mearns, Jack. "Measuring self-acceptance: Expectancy for success vs. self-esteem." Journal of Clinical Psychology 45, no. 3 (May 1989): 390–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(198905)45:3<390::aid-jclp2270450307>3.0.co;2-s.

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5

Yamauchi, Hirotsugu. "An Analysis of Affect and Expectancy Evaluations in Causal Attributions." Psychological Reports 60, no. 3_part_2 (June 1987): 1115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294187060003-220.1.

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Two relationships were examined, the relationship between the achievement-related affect and causal attributions for success or failure and the relationship between the expectancy shift and causal ascriptions for success or failure. Subjects were 417 elementary school children, 459 junior high school students, and 175 college students. Two hypothetical boys or girls who received similar marks on an examination but who attributed the results to different causes (ability, effort or luck) were described in a booklet. Subjects were asked to judge which person feels more pleasant (or unpleasant) and which person should expect the same outcome on further similar exams. The method of dual scaling was applied to the paired-comparison data for each sample. Two-dimensional solutions were extracted in the positive affect with success, the expectancy of success after success and the expectancy of failure after failure. Whereas a unidimensional solution was extracted in the negative affect with failure. Developmental shifts were found for successful outcome.

6

Gigliotti, Richard J., and Susan E. Secrest. "Academic success expectancy: The interplay of gender, situation, and meaning." Research in Higher Education 29, no. 4 (December 1988): 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00992772.

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7

Midkiff, Robert M., Joy Patricia Burke, Jeanne P. Hunt, and Geraldine Cain Ellison. "Role of Self-Concept of Academic Attainment in Achievement-Related Behaviors." Psychological Reports 58, no. 1 (February 1986): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.58.1.151.

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Researchers have reported that self-concept serves both as an antecedent and consequence of behavior. Given self-concept's role in achievement-related behavior, we sought clarification of factors influencing children's self-concepts of academic attainment. We examined proposed linkages among self-concept of academic attainment, academic achievement, expectancy for success, and performance outcome within a causal model using path analysis. Subjects were 208 eighth-grade students. Initial self-concept of academic attainment and initial expectancy for success were measured. Students then were given an academic task followed by performance feedback. We subsequently measured postperformance expectancy for success and postperformance self-concept of academic attainment. Students' postperformance self-concepts of academic attainment were influenced primarily by their initial self-concepts of academic attainment and, to a lesser extent, by their academic achievement and performance on an academic task.

8

Becker, Andrea J., and Gloria B. Solomon. "Expectancy Information and Coach Effectiveness in Intercollegiate Basketball." Sport Psychologist 19, no. 3 (September 2005): 251–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.19.3.251.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the sources of information coaches use to develop expectations for athlete ability. Results revealed that Division I head basketball coaches (n = 70) rely predominately on psychological factors when evaluating athletes (n = 186). There were no significant differences between the sources of information used by successful and less successful coaches. A significant degree of congruence was discovered between coach and athlete perceptions of the evaluation criteria used on successful teams, but not on less successful teams. Athletes’ perceptions of their coach’s evaluation criteria served to predict team success. It was determined that differences in team success are more dependent on the coach’s ability to communicate expectations than the actual criteria used to form expectations.

9

Chandler, Theodore A., David Chiarella, and Carl Auria. "Performance Expectancy, Success, Satisfaction, and Attributions as Variables in Band Challenges." Journal of Research in Music Education 35, no. 4 (1987): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3345077.

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10

Baumeister, Roy F., James C. Hamilton, and Dianne M. Tice. "Public versus private expectancy of success: Confidence booster or performance pressure?" Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 48, no. 6 (June 1985): 1447–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.48.6.1447.

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11

Yanagihara, Saki, Wataru Suehiro, Yuki Mitaka, and Kenji Matsuura. "Age-based soldier polyethism: old termite soldiers take more risks than young soldiers." Biology Letters 14, no. 3 (March 2018): 20180025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2018.0025.

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Who should take on risky tasks in an age-heterogeneous society? Life-history theory predicts that, in social insects, riskier tasks should be undertaken by sterile individuals with a shorter life expectancy. The loss of individuals with shorter life expectancy is less costly for colony reproductive success than the loss of individuals with longer life expectancy. Termite colonies have a sterile soldier caste, specialized defenders engaged in the most risky tasks. Here we show that termite soldiers exhibit age-dependent polyethism, as old soldiers are engaged in front-line defence more than young soldiers. Our nest defence experiment showed that old soldiers went to the front line and blocked the nest opening against approaching predatory ants more often than young soldiers. We also found that young soldiers were more biased toward choosing central nest defence as royal guards than old soldiers. These results demonstrate that termite soldiers have age-based task allocation, by which ageing predisposes soldiers to switch to more dangerous tasks. This age-dependent soldier task allocation increases the life expectancy of soldiers, allowing them to promote their lifetime contribution to colony reproductive success.

12

Kim, Changki, Jungjoo Jahng, and Jinjoo Lee. "An Empirical Investigation into the Utilization-Based Information Technology Success Model: Integrating Task–Performance and Social Influence Perspective." Journal of Information Technology 22, no. 2 (June 2007): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000072.

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This paper develops the utilization-based information technology (IT) success model by integrating key variables from IT acceptance and IT success literatures, and empirically validates it. The model shows relations among IT utilization, performance expectancy, social influence, and user satisfaction. A field study was undertaken to evaluate and test the relationships via structural equation modeling using LISREL. The path from performance expectancy and user satisfaction to IT utilization was positive and significant. While the path from implicit social influence to IT utilization was found to be significant, explicit social influence had no significant influence on users’ IT utilization. Implications and future research directions are drawn.

13

Putwain, David W., Laura J. Nicholson, Reinhard Pekrun, Sandra Becker, and Wendy Symes. "Expectancy of success, attainment value, engagement, and Achievement: A moderated mediation analysis." Learning and Instruction 60 (April 2019): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2018.11.005.

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14

Hale, W. Daniel, Lydia R. Fiedler, and C. D. Cochran. "The revised Generalized Expectancy for Success Scale: A validity and reliability study." Journal of Clinical Psychology 48, no. 4 (July 1992): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199207)48:4<517::aid-jclp2270480413>3.0.co;2-z.

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15

Solomon, David J., Jeffrey B. Vancouver, Mary Ann Reinhart, and James J. Haf. "A graphic approach for presenting expectancy of success based on two predictors." Teaching and Learning in Medicine 4, no. 1 (January 1992): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10401339209539532.

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16

Ercoşkun, Nilay Çelik, Ceyhun Ozan, and Remzi Y. Kincal. "Turkish Adaptation of Generalized Expectancy for Success Scale: Reliability and Validity Studies." Asian Journal of Education and Training 5, no. 3 (2019): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/journal.522.2019.53.416.421.

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17

Groeneweg, Ruud, Tsjitske Haanstra, Catherine A. W. Bolman, Rob A. B. Oostendorp, Maurits W. van Tulder, and Raymond W. J. G. Ostelo. "Treatment success in neck pain: The added predictive value of psychosocial variables in addition to clinical variables." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.10.003.

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AbstractBackground and aimsIdentification of psychosocial variables may influence treatment outcome. The objective of this study was to prospectively examine whether psychosocial variables, in addition to clinical variables (pain, functioning, general health, previous neck pain, comorbidity), are predictive factors for treatment outcome (i.e. global perceived effect, functioning and pain) in patients with sub-acute and chronic non-specific neck pain undergoing physical therapy or manual therapy. Psychosocial factors included treatment outcome expectancy and treatment credibility, health locus of control, and fear avoidance beliefs.MethodsThis study reports a secondary analysis of a primary care-based pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Potential predictors were measured at baseline and outcomes, in 181 patients, at 7 weeks and 26 weeks.ResultsHierarchical logistic regression models showed that treatment outcome expectancy predicted outcomeConclusionsBased on the results of this study we conclude that outcome expectancy, in patients with non-specific sub-acute and chronic neck pain, has additional predictive value for treatment success above and beyond clinical and demographic variables.ImplicationsPsychological processes, health perceptions and how these factors relate to clinical variables may be important for treatment decision making regarding therapeutic options for individual patients.

18

Koper, Magdalena, Anna Nadolska, Piotr Urbański, and Maciej Wilski. "Relationship between Pre-Competition Mental State and Sport Result of Disabled Boccia Athletes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (November 7, 2020): 8232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218232.

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The relationship between sport result and pre-competition mental state of 109 boccia athletes was analyzed. Mental state was described by: athletic identity, self-esteem, self-efficacy for sports, hope for success, fear of failure, anxiety, and expectancy of success. Correlation analyses were made for all four boccia classes (BC1, BC2, BC3, and BC4) and revealed that only athletic identity was associated with sport result in class BC4. Four hierarchical multiple regression models (for BC1, BC2, BC3, and BC4 boccia classes) were created, with sport result as the dependent variable. Only the BC4 model was significant and included athletic identity, anxiety, self-efficacy for sports, and expectancy of success, which explained 49% of variance in sport result. BC4 class results indicate that psychological variables have a potential impact on sport performance in boccia, and the type and level of disability should be taken into account.

19

Chandler, Theodore A., and Carl J. Spies. "Relationship of Attribution, Expectancy, Performance, and Perceived Success to Change in Examination Preparation Strategies." Perceptual and Motor Skills 74, no. 3 (June 1992): 711–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1992.74.3.711.

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The major purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between change in strategies of preparation for examination and attributions, perceived success, and performance. Prior to each of three examinations in the course, 229 undergraduate students in introductory sociology and psychology were asked their expected score/grade. Change in strategies for preparation was assessed prior to Examinations 2 and 3. Subsequent to all three examinations students were assessed on attribution, satisfaction, and perceived success. Change per se and three of the strategies for change were related to performance, specific attributions, and perceived success.

20

Lesnussa, Yopi Andry, Francis Yunito Rumlawang, Endro Risamasu, and Charlita Fhilya. "Prediction of Life Expectancy in Maluku Province Using Backpropagation Artificial Neural Networks." Jurnal Matematika Integratif 16, no. 2 (December 5, 2020): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jmi.v16.n2.26606.75-82.

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Life Expectancy at Birth (LE) is defined as the average estimated number of years a person can live to since their birth. The purpose of LE is to represent the health rate of a community. Backpropagation is an algorithm in artificial neural networks (ANN) used to predict or forecast data. This study aims to predict Life Expectancy in Moluccas. Based on the results of the analysis obtained an average forecasting success of 99.65% with the smallest error MAPE = 0,0035. Forecasting for the next 5 years shows that the Life Expectancy value tends to increase over the next 5 years from 2019-2023 at 65.7828 (2019) increasing to 66.6632 (2023).

21

Speldewinde, G. C., and C. E. Panwar. "Patient Expectancy Does Not Predict Success or Failure of Thermal Neurotomy for Persistent Zygapophysial and Sacroiliac Joint Pain." Pain Medicine 22, no. 9 (April 8, 2021): 1930–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnab133.

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Abstract Objective The placebo effect is important in determining the outcome of the treatment of pain for which expectancy and context are the main contributors. The variable success of thermal neurotomy spinal pain procedures is often seen as evidence of the placebo effect. Conversely, proponents of pain procedures explain poorer outcomes by technical procedure deficiencies, including inadequate diagnosis. This cohort study set out to determine whether patient expectancy is a contributing factor in the outcome of thermal neurotomy to the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar zygapophysial and sacroiliac joints. Design This single-practitioner, single-site retrospective analysis of prospectively gathered cohort data of 549 patients evaluated the impact of patient preprocedure expectancy (rated on a simple 0–10 or 0–4 numerical rating scale) on outcomes in a large consecutive series of patients who had undergone thermal neurotomy treatment between 2009 and 2019. In addition, a portion of patients were asked to what extent they hoped for or desired a good outcome. Results Successful pain relief (≥75% reduction from baseline) was not associated with a higher preprocedure expectancy than were failed procedures. Hope and desire demonstrated no impact on the positive or negative impact of the procedure. Conclusions Altogether, patient expectation of outcome, hope, and desire are not associated with the outcome of effective pain relief by thermal neurotomy that has been performed to the appropriate and commonly available technical standards. Further work is needed to determine the influence of patient expectation across a range of pain intervention modalities.

22

Okpala, Amon, and Comfort Okpala. "The Role Of School Life Expectancy And Urbanization On Adult Literacy Rates In Sub-Saharan Africa." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 13, no. 2 (February 27, 2014): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v13i2.8448.

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It is important to examine the role of urbanization, government, and school life expectancy (the years of schooling a child is expected to have) on adult literacy because literacy contributes to economic success. Using cross-sectional data on 46 Sub-Saharan African countries, this study examines 1) the impact of school life expectancy on adult literacy, 2) the influence of urban population on adult literacy, and 3) the effectiveness of government educational expenditure on adult literacy. OLS regression analysis showed that the percentage of the population residing in urban centers and the school life expectancy were positively significant at the 5 percent level. Government expenditure, as a percentage of GDP, was positively significant at the 1 percent level.

23

Harrell, Adrian, and Michael Stahl. "Additive Information Processing and the Relationship Between Expectancy of Success and Motivational Force." Academy of Management Journal 29, no. 2 (June 1986): 424–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/256197.

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24

Gorges, Julia, and Christian Kandler. "Adults' learning motivation: Expectancy of success, value, and the role of affective memories." Learning and Individual Differences 22, no. 5 (October 2012): 610–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2011.09.016.

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25

Saner, H. "Substantial increase of life expectancy in Europeans: how can we explain the success?" Profilakticheskaya meditsina 18, no. 4 (2015): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/profmed20151844-11.

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26

Harrell, A., and M. Stahl. "ADDITIVE INFORMATION PROCESSING AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXPECTANCY OF SUCCESS AND MOTIVATIONAL FORCE." Academy of Management Journal 29, no. 2 (June 1, 1986): 424–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256197.

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27

AYDIN, Ayhan, Ümit ATİLA, and Serpil AYDIN. "Use of ANN in Predicting Life Expectancy: The Case of Turkey." Artificial Intelligence Studies 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.30855/ais.2018.01.01.01.

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Life expectancy is a good measure for comparing parameters such as welfare, health level and development of countries. The high value for this indicator can only be achieved by identifying the positive and negative effects of these determinants and by making initiatives in this direction. In our study, we observed life expectancy estimation by using time series models and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in terms of social, economic and environmental factors, that affect the life expectancy. Comparison of two estimator models performed using data compiled from OECD and WORLDBANK of Turkey between 1960-2016. In the application performed on social sciences data, meaningful indicators were interpreted together with the success of the ANN method. As a result of the study, a number of suggestions and development recommendations are presented in order to increase the life expectancy from birth, which is a decisive criterion for the country's level of prosperity, in a positive way.

28

Vogt, Julia, Jan De Houwer, and Geert Crombez. "Multiple Goal Management Starts With Attention." Experimental Psychology 58, no. 1 (May 1, 2011): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000066.

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Prior studies have shown that attention is allocated to events relevant to the current goal of a person. Until now, research has focused on the implementation of a single goal leaving open the question of how attention is allocated when multiple goals are activated. We examined whether the allocation of spatial attention is affected by the prioritizing of one goal over another. The results of two dot probe studies showed that attention is oriented to stimuli relevant to a goal with high value when simultaneously presented with stimuli relevant to a goal with low value (Experiment 1) and to stimuli relevant to a goal with high expectancy of success that were simultaneously presented with stimuli relevant to a goal with low expectancy of success (Experiment 2). These findings demonstrate that the allocation of spatial attention is dependent on the motivational strength of goal pursuit.

29

Bercovitch, Fred B., and Philip S. M. Berry. "Life expectancy, maximum longevity and lifetime reproductive success in female Thornicroft's giraffe in Zambia." African Journal of Ecology 55, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aje.12370.

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30

Lawanto, Oenardi, and Gary Stewardson. "Students’ interest and expectancy for success while engaged in analysis- and creative design activities." International Journal of Technology and Design Education 23, no. 2 (June 18, 2011): 213–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10798-011-9175-3.

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31

Dissanayake, D. M. R., and Y. L. Velananda. "Critical Success Factors for Performance Oriented M-Learning in Sri Lanka." Journal of Educational and Social Research 10, no. 2 (March 10, 2020): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2020-0031.

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Students engaged with multi tasks commitments demand modern learning environments facilitated with virtual engagements and high-tech contact methods. Thus, they are looking for such technically equipped learning facilities avoiding physical presence where they can learn at anytime and anywhere. The mobile devices provide many facilities for education sector providing execution supports for M-learning. This has reshaped the education model of many countries and institutions. Sri Lanka is an emerging economy and one of the countries in Asia reports higher level of educational priorities. Many of public sector universities and higher educational institutions have adopted M-learning in line with the government educational policies and some international funding options. However, it has attributed with some challenges in terms of strategy, motivation and performances. Thus, critical success factors on M-learning was the main research question addressed by this paper. This paper examines the critical success factors for improving performance-oriented M-Learning concerning nine factors: Perceived Ease of Use, Personal Innovativeness, Perceived Usefulness, Performance Expectancy, Self-Management of Learning, Effort Expectancy, Social influence, Perceived Self Efficacy and Perceived Playfulness. The factors were constructed in relation to the Technology Acceptance Model, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model and several other factors from the literature. The main research strategy used was the literature review with some attention given to cases and practices based on Sri Lankan context. Paper discusses different scenarios and cases guiding future research directions. Authors conclude research avenues by highlighting future research directions for the extended studies.

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Wang, Lillian-Yee-Kiaw, Sook-Ling Lew, and Siong-Hoe Lau. "An Empirical Study of Students' Intention to Use Cloud E-Learning in Higher Education." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 15, no. 09 (May 15, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i09.11867.

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Technological progress has resulted in constant change of social structures and led to continuous evolution of attitudes and values. Thus, a timely and compre-hensive integrated technology acceptance framework was established, and factors predicting intention to use Cloud e-learning were empirically identified. A total of 11 determinants from varying sources of IS success, learning object criteria, technology acceptance, motivations, social cognitive, and expectancy values were unified and analysed in an integrated manner. The target population for this study was a group of IT students in a private university in southern region Malaysia. The results obtained from this study observed that content quality, pedagogical quality, perceived usefulness, social influence, attainment value, and utility value significantly predict intention to use Cloud e-learning. By integrating IS success, learning object criteria, technology acceptance, motivations, social cognitive, and expectancy values into a single framework, new insights on Cloud e-learning ac-ceptance in higher education can be attained.

33

Smith, Lisa F. "Difficulty, Consequence, and Effort in Academic Task Performance." Psychological Reports 85, no. 3 (December 1999): 869–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.85.3.869.

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This study extends previous research on the expectancy construct of the expectancy-value theory of motivation developed by Pintrich. In addition to value and expectancy for success, it is proposed that people take into account how much effort is required to complete a task. A 2 × 2 × 2 analysis of variance design was used to investigate the relationship of Difficulty, Consequence, and Required Effort on the willingness of participants to complete a task. The dependent variable was the score obtained from completing statistical problems that varied in difficulty and effort required to complete. 128 students at a public university were participants. Analysis showed significant main effects and an interaction for difficulty and required effort, but no main effect for consequence. Results are discussed in terms of creating optimal motivation for classroom tasks and for both classroom and standardized examinations. Implications for students in subject pools are also discussed.

34

Müller, Dennis W. H., Laurie Bingaman Lackey, W. Jürgen Streich, Jörns Fickel, Jean-Michel Hatt, and Marcus Clauss. "Mating system, feeding type and ex situ conservation effort determine life expectancy in captive ruminants." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, no. 1714 (December 8, 2010): 2076–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.2275.

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Zoo animal husbandry aims at constantly improving husbandry, reproductive success and ultimately animal welfare. Nevertheless, analyses to determine factors influencing husbandry of different species are rare. The relative life expectancy (rLE; life expectancy (LE) as proportion of longevity) describes husbandry success of captive populations. Correlating rLE with biological characteristics of different species, reasons for variation in rLE can be detected. We analysed data of 166 901 animals representing 78 ruminant species kept in 850 facilities. The rLE of females correlated with the percentage of grass in a species' natural diet, suggesting that needs of species adapted to grass can be more easily accommodated than the needs of those adapted to browse. Males of monogamous species demonstrate higher rLE than polygamous males, which matches observed differences of sexual bias in LE in free-living populations and thus supports the ecological theory that the mating system influences LE. The third interesting finding was that rLE was higher in species managed by international studbooks when compared with species not managed in this way. Our method facilitates the identification of biological characteristics of species that are relevant for their husbandry success, and they also support ecological theory. Translating these findings into feeding recommendations, our approach can help to improve animal husbandry.

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Abdulla, Adam, and Ruth Woods. "The effects of current unsatisfactory performance and evaluative approach on improvement expectancy and commitment to improvement." Motivation and Emotion 45, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11031-021-09864-8.

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AbstractThis study investigated the effects of current unsatisfactory performance (CUP) on improvement expectancy (IE) and commitment to improvement (CTI). 118 high school students were randomly assigned to consider either current satisfactory performance (CSP) or CUP. In addition, students within each group were randomly assigned to one of two evaluative approaches: (1) dichotomous present-focused evaluation (“Are you succeeding in this area? Or not?”), or (2) historical success scaling (“What is the highest level of success that you have reached in this area?”). It was hypothesised that (relative to CSP) CUP has a negative effect on improvement expectancy (IE). This hypothesis was supported. In addition, the data were consistent with an inconsistent mediation hypothesis according to which CUP has a positive direct effect on CTI but a negative indirect effect through reduced IE. The indirect effect of CUP on CTI was expected to be less negative amongst students engaging in historical success scaling than amongst students engaging in dichotomous present-focused evaluation. Although this was indeed the case, a test of moderated mediation indicated that the conditional indirect effects did not differ statistically. The study helps to illuminate the conflicting effects of CUP on CTI. Findings also have important implications for cognitive-behavioural and solution-focused approaches, both of which champion “scaling.”

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Richard Eiser, J., Joop van der Pligt, Martin Raw, and Stephen R. Sutton. "Trying to stop smoking: Effects of perceived addiction, attributions for failure, and expectancy of success." Journal of Behavioral Medicine 8, no. 4 (December 1985): 321–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00848367.

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Cizmeci, Inayet Hakki, and Fatih Basçiftçi. "A reduced rule-based expert system by the simplification of logic functions for determining the life expectancy of intensive care patients." World Journal of Engineering 14, no. 6 (December 4, 2017): 556–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-01-2017-0009.

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Purpose Specialist physicians, specialist nurses and personnel in the intensive care unit (ICU) work to treat patients. Compared with other hospital units, ICUs are full-fledged and provide 24-h services. However, patients are admitted to this unit because of conditions such as severe trauma, organ failure or dysfunction and poisoning. The life expectancy of such patients is considerably low. Design/methodology/approach This study developed a reduced rule-based expert system to determine life expectancy. The purpose of this study is to determine the life expectancy of patients using ten variables. The rules were determined by evaluating 210 = 1,024 results. These rules were minimized using Boolean rules for simplification. Findings Conclusions were drawn by evaluating the minimized cases rather than evaluating 1,024 different cases. ICU patients were evaluated using this method, and the mean success rate was 63.75 per cent. Originality/value No rule-based expert system has been designed to determine the death risks of patients in the ICU.

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Ayo, Eliza Bundoc, Marcial Leyton Anacio, Lani Estrada Sakay, Rosemarievic Abejero Bustamante, and Teresita Sacdalan Mijares. "Diagnosing Adoption to Mobile Learning." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 13, no. 08 (August 2, 2019): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v13i08.10083.

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This study was undertaken to address the need to modernize the modes of teaching and learning pedagogy by taking advantage of the proliferation of electronic gadgets and mobile devices since, as counted there are more computers than the people in the world (Boren, 2014). This research found out how learning in the new platform could be adopted by teachers and students. In addition, it tested the different variables involved in the use of mobile in learning by faculty and students of Centro Escolar University (CEU) to determine factors that made implementing technology a success or a failure.To attain the set objectives, this study made use of descriptive and inferential method to the data gathered from respondents via stratified random sampling. Specifically, it employed frequency, mean, standard deviation, t-test, analysis of variance and multiple linear regressions for the treatment of data derived from the survey questionnaires. To complete the triangulation approach and for consistency of findings, observation and interview were also conducted.Subsequently, in order to determine adoption to mobile learning the modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model was employed. This model shows relationship of moderating variables which are age, gender, voluntariness of use and experience from independent variables like performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, anxiety and self-efficacy. After all the statistical treatments were applied, Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, Effort Expectancy, Performance Expectancy and Facilitating Condition contribute to the success of the introduction of technology to the organization, while social influence was excluded as the reasons why users adopt it.

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Xing, Deyu, and Benjamin Bolden. "Exploring Oral English Learning Motivation in Chinese International Students with Low Oral English Proficiency." Journal of International Students 9, no. 3 (August 15, 2019): 834–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v9i3.749.

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This study employed narrative inquiry to understand the oral English learning motivation of Chinese international students with low oral English proficiency through their academic acculturation stories. Expectancy-Value Theory served as the theoretical framework to inform the study design and the interpretation of results. Findings suggest all participants’ motivation for oral English learning increased as a result of the newly acquired high subjective value of spoken English during their academic acculturation. However, they experienced high levels of psychological stress during their academic acculturation due to their low oral English proficiency. Further, participants’ perceived expectancy of success for learning oral English declined as their academic acculturation progressed, negatively influencing their oral English learning motivation. Implications for various stakeholders are discussed.

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Judson, Eugene, Lydia Ross, James Middleton, and Stephen Krause. "Measuring Engineering Faculty Views about Benefits and Costs of Using Student-Centered Strategies." International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP) 7, no. 2 (May 19, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v7i2.6808.

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Dispositions of 286 engineering faculty members were assessed to determine views about three student-centered classroom strategies and how frequently faculty used those strategies. The student-centered classroom strategies examined were: using formative feedback to adjust instruction, integrating real-world applications, and promoting student-to-student discussions during formal class time. The Value, Expectancy, and Cost of Testing Educational Reforms Survey (VECTERS), based on expectancy theory, was designed, tested, and validated for this purpose. Results indicate using strategies, such as formative feedback, are significantly tied to perceived benefits and expectation of success. Using student-centered strategies is inversely related to the perceived cost of implementation – with more frequent users perceiving lower cost of time and materials.

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KINSELLA, KEVIN. "Demographic Dimensions of Global Aging." Journal of Family Issues 21, no. 5 (July 2000): 541–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019251300021005002.

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Population aging in the 20th century represents a human success story; for the first time in history, populations have the luxury of aging. Aging, however, also poses a myriad of challenges to public and private institutions that must adapt to a changing age structure. This article highlights national and regional similarities and differences in the global aging process, focusing on demographic and health trends that are likely to shape future institutional responses in the eldercare arena. Among the topics considered are the importance of past fertility patterns, changes in life expectancy and healthy life expectancy, the feminization of later life, the growth of the “oldest old,” and changing national disease profiles associated with the epidemiological transition.

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Welch, Renate, Meg Gerrard, and Aletha Huston. "Gender-Related Personality Attributes and Reaction to Success/Failure: An Examination of Mediating Variables." Psychology of Women Quarterly 10, no. 3 (September 1986): 221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1986.tb00748.x.

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The effects of success and failure on task performance, and attributions about performance, were compared for high and low instrumental college women. For the high instrumental group, success facilitated task performance, whereas failure had no debilitating effect; for the low instrumental group, success had no effect on subsequent performance, whereas failure interfered with it. High instrumental women attributed their success primarily to internal factors and their failures to external tactors (the “egotistical” attribution profile), whereas low instrumentar women revealed the opposite profile. The gender-appropriateness of the task had little effect on performance or attribution. Four potential mediators of these differences were investigated: self-esteem, perceived ability, expectancy of success, and attainment value. High-instrumental women's higher perceived ability and performance expectations accounted for their superior task performance, but none of the four mediators accounted for the relationship of instrumentality to attributions.

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Khazaei, Salman, Shahab Rezaeian, Vali Baigi, Mohammad Saatchi, Leila Molaeipoor, and Zaher Khazaei. "Incidence and pattern of tuberculosis treatment success rates in different levels of the human development index: a global perspective." Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 32, no. 3 (October 1, 2017): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v32i3.47.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) treatment success rate remains a public health challenge in many developed and developing countries. The correlation between the incidence and pattern of TB and the Human Development Index (HDI) has not been globally determined. This study aimed to determine the correlation between incidence and pattern of TB treatment success rates and HDI around the world.Methods: In this global perspective, we used data on incidence and treatment success rates of TB and HDI from the World Health Organisation (WHO) and World Bank, respectively.Results: The highest estimated incidence and lower treatment success rates of TB were restricted to countries with low HDIs. Life expectancy, education level, gross national income, HDI, and urbanisation were significantly associated with both TB incidence and treatment success rates.Conclusion: Patterns in TB incidence and treatment success rates are correlated with Human Development Indices. In addition to following WHO strategies, policy makers need to focus on the social and environmental determinants in order to reduce the TB burden, particularly in low income countries.

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Gazzola, Alessia, Maria Reig, Roberto Di Donato, and Jordi Bruix. "Systemic Treatment: Expecting Further Success." Digestive Diseases 33, no. 4 (2015): 590–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000375349.

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From its approval in 2008, sorafenib is the recommended treatment option for advanced-stage patients and its safety and efficacy has been confirmed by several studies. However, its mechanism of action is not completely understood and many efforts have been dedicated to investigating possible treatment response predictors. Dermatological adverse events occurring within the first 2 months of treatment are predictors of longer survival, while the same role for hypertension and diarrhea still needs a prospective confirmation. This association is opposite to the strategy of starting at a low dose as it may imply suboptimal drug exposure. In case of radiological progression, the appearance of new extrahepatic metastasis or vascular invasion significantly worsens life expectancy if compared to other patterns of progression. To date no genetic or biologic marker is available to predict response, even if some encouraging results have been reported by the study of polymorphism of VEGF and its receptor. Currently, data are conflicting about the possible predictive role of α-fetoprotein. Due to failure or the progression of therapies for earlier evolutionary stages (BCLC B) some patients in such a clinical profile may be treated with sorafenib. Indeed, almost 50% of the sorafenib-treated patients belong to this class. Patients with severely decompensated liver disease (jaundice, ascites in need of intense diuretic therapy/paracentesis) may not benefit from treatment. The use of sorafenib in the waiting list for liver transplantation is controversial, while its use at an advanced age requires careful evaluation of existing comorbidities that may increase the risk of adverse events. Many strides have been made in the field of hepatocellular carcinoma systemic therapy, and many remain to be realized. Considering the disappointing results of the trials conducted on new agents, a more dynamic interpretation of events together with the development of new strategies is key to enriching new and hopefully more successful trials.

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Nensi Veni Indipenrian, Baiq, Bambang Subroto, and Aulia Fuad Rahman. "Analysis of behavioral intention on ABC system adoption: Model of information systems technology and success acceptance." Journal of Economics, Business & Accountancy Ventura 18, no. 3 (December 30, 2015): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.14414/jebav.v18i3.510.

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This study aims to examine the effect of individual behavioral change on the adoption of activity- based costing (ABC) system and its usage, using Unified Theory of Accep-tance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and Information System Success Model. The sample involves 78 respondents who have positions as financial manager, controller manager, accounting manager, and production manager in mid-sized manufacturing companies in East java. The data were collected by survey method. This study used a Partial Least Square (PLS) as the data analysis method. It was found that not all of the main UTAUT models were supported, because performance expectancy and effort expectancy have no effect on behavioral intention and use behavior to adopt ABC system. Whereas, social factors, information quality and facilitating conditions had a positive effect on behavioral intention and use behavior to adopt ABC system. The different results of this study with several previous studies are probably caused by the differences in the context of system, culture and characteristics of the sample. The implication of this study is not only to propose a theoretical framework for researches in future, but also useful for companies to optimize the use of ABC system that should be supported by top level and mid-level management and the readiness of the individu-als to accept the adoption of the ABC system.

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McD. Young, Ross, Jason P. Connor, and Gerald F. X. Feeney. "Alcohol expectancy changes over a 12-week cognitive–behavioral therapy program are predictive of treatment success." Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 40, no. 1 (January 2011): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2010.08.003.

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Gorges, Julia, and Thomas Göke. "How do I know what I can do? Anticipating expectancy of success regarding novel academic tasks." British Journal of Educational Psychology 85, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12064.

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McCann, Stewart J. H. "Life Expectancy Can Explain the Precocity-Longevity Hypothesis Association of Early Career Success and Early Death." Journal of Genetic Psychology 176, no. 6 (September 2, 2015): 414–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221325.2015.1088505.

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Goegan, Lauren D., Bryce S. Dueck, and Lia M. Daniels. "Are you feeling successful?: Examining postsecondary student perceptions of success with an expectancy value theory lens." Social Psychology of Education 24, no. 4 (June 24, 2021): 985–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11218-021-09641-y.

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Gatewood, Elizabeth. "The Expectancies in Public Sector Venture Assistance." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 17, no. 2 (January 1993): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104225879301700209.

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This article uses expectancy theory as a framework for explaining how public sector venture assistance organizations affect venture creation. Public sector venture assistance organizations can positively Influence venture creation through improving the entrepreneur's skills, abilities, and access to required resources. But they can also have a negative relationship to venture creation by denying services or access to resources or through affecting the entrepreneur's expectancies for venture success.

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