Статті в журналах: "Suitability of water"

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Abraham, Mini, Kurien E. K., Bhindhu P. S, and Gilsha Bai E. B. "Suitability of Kitchen Waste Water in Agriculture." International Journal of Economic Plants 5, no. 4 (November 28, 2018): 181–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/ijep/2018.5.4.0270.

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P, Myagmartseren, Ganpurev D, and Myagmarjav I. "Suitability assessment for siting water harvesting ponds." Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 27, no. 02 (October 28, 2019): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v27i02.1281.

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This paper represents test results of methodology for identifying suitable sites for the water harvesting pondusing the "Multi-Criteria Analysis" in Geographical Information System. In order to do this, the objectives ofthe identification of harvesting sites were (i)to estimate constraint map (ii) to identify the multi-factor map and(iii) to measure the overall value of the suitability. According to the results of the assessment of the waterharvesting suitability, 10.23%or 173736 hectares area of Erdenetsagaan soum of Sukhbaatar aimag(province)are suitable, and 22.71% or 385534 ha area is moderately suitable, and 33.29%or 565198 ha land is limited forpond construction and 33.78% or 573532 ha territory is unsuitable for water harvesting.

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Yesson, Chris, Michelle L. Taylor, Derek P. Tittensor, Andrew J. Davies, John Guinotte, Amy Baco, Julie Black, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, and Alex D. Rogers. "Global habitat suitability of cold-water octocorals." Journal of Biogeography 39, no. 7 (February 3, 2012): 1278–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02681.x.

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Pinto, Francisco Silva, and Rui Cunha Marques. "Tariff Suitability Framework for Water Supply Services." Water Resources Management 30, no. 6 (February 25, 2016): 2037–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-016-1268-z.

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ESHGHIZADEH, Masoud. "Evaluating land suitability for Rhus coriaria L. (Sumac) by habitat suitability model." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 119, no. 1 (April 28, 2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.1105.

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The cultivation of Rhus coriaria has become necessary to preserve their wild populations. To be competitive in the international market, it is important to develop an efficient production chain to reduce costs and improve the quality of the products. The main objective of this study is to provide a method to determine the suitable areas to develop the R. coriaria cultivation with a case study in Gonabad County of Iran. A habitat suitability model (HSM) was applied to survey the distribution of R. coriaria and to identify the best areas the growing of its. Three different main criteria including environmental suitability, agronomic suitability, and social-economical suitability selected for the HSM. Then, each of the three main criteria and their multi-specific indicator was defined in Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the weights of them were calculated by pairwise comparison matrix. In the next stage, the weights are applied to their layers such as hypsometry, slope, slope aspect, mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature, soil texture, landuse, water resource type, water resource quality and quantity, road network, and land ownership as roaster layers. The results of the HSM showed a weighted map of land suitability for the R. coriaria that included the maximum and minimum potential of areas for its planting. Based on these results, the areas with the highest suitability for the R. coriaria are strictly associated with precipitation, soil texture, and water resources type.

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Wiyanto, Dwi Budi, Nuddin Harahab, Rudianto, and Aida Sartambul. "Suitability analysis of Tanjung Benoa Waters-Bali for dive tourism." E3S Web of Conferences 153 (2020): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015301007.

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This study was aimed to evaluate the suitability of Tanjung Benoa waters for dive tourism. The suitability analysis was carried out using Suitability Tourism Index (STI) method. Water visibility, coral reef coverage, lifeform, coral fish, water depth, and water current were used to analyze the suitability rate. The result showed that Tanjung Benoa waters were categorized as appropriate conditional (STI = 40.74 to 42.59). The less appropriate condition at the location might be caused by the high anthropogenic activities in the land.

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Ali, Khalid Ahmed. "Geospatial Hydrological Analysis in GIS Environment for Selecting Potential Water Harvest Sites: The Case of Badrah –Wasit." Journal of University of Babylon for Engineering Sciences 26, no. 2 (January 2, 2018): 328–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29196/jub.v26i2.574.

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In this study, GIS technique and remote sensing data have been integrated to createa suitability map for the probable sites of water harvesting in Badrah-Wasit, EasternIraq.Hydrological analysis used to find the potential water-harvesting sites, as well as to improve the water resource management. In this research, five criteria have been used, which is astream order, slope, distance to roads, rainfall and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. These thematic layerswere evaluated with the multi-criteria analysis method, then combine and process together using weighted overlay method, then assigned suitable weights and integrated into a GIS to generate a suitability map.As a result, the region has been classified into three zones: high suitability zone (2%), moderate suitability zone (27%), and low suitability zone (35%) depending on the specific criteria used for this purpose and have high potential in terms of their suitability for water harvesting.

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Aldera, Sabrina Anne, Sudirman Adibrata, and Kurniawan Kurniawan. "Suitability of Selat Nasik Water Conditions for Tiger Grouper Cultivation in Floating Net Cage Systems." PELAGICUS 3, no. 3 (March 30, 2023): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/plgc.v3i3.11815.

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According to the suitability of water conditions for tiger grouper aquaculture, there are several water quality factors such as temperature, pH, salinity, water depth, current speed, water brightness, and dissolved oxygen. The purpose of this study was to analyze the value of the physical-chemical parameters of the waters and the suitability of the water conditions for the cultivation of tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) in the Nasik Strait waters. This research was conducted in February 2021 with water quality analysis carried out in situ and ex-situ (Environmental Services Laboratory) at 4 different stations. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative and the purposive sampling method is used to determine the location of the station. Observation of water conditions using physical and chemical parameters consisting of temperature, pH, salinity, water depth, current speed, water brightness, and dissolved oxygen and carried out using matching methods for data analysis. The results of this study indicate that the waters of the Nasik Strait have a sufficient level of suitability for tiger grouper aquaculture according to the results, namely; Station 1 with a suitability value of 87%, which is put in the Very Suitable class (1), Station 2 with a suitability value of 87%, which is put in the Very Suitable class (1), Station 3 with a suitability value of 80% which is put in the class Sufficiently Appropriate (S2), and at Station 4 having a suitability value of 80% is put in the Sufficiently Appropriate (S2) class. The results show that the waters of the Nasik Strait are in the category of Very Suitable and Fairly Suitable for the development of tiger grouper aquaculture and indicate that the waters of the Nasik Strait are suitable as cultivation locations and need to be maintained regarding water quality by managing water quality management.

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O. Talabi, Abel, Lekan O. Afolagboye, Adeyinka O. Aturamu, and Sylvester W. Olofinlade. "Suitability Evaluation of River Owan Water for Irrigation." IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology 11, no. 4 (April 2017): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2402-1104017480.

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Utsev, Terlumun Joseph, Uungwa Shachia Jude, and Peter Okah. "Suitability of Lemna Trisulca (Duckweed) in Water Purification." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 2, no. 3 (March 11, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2017.2.3.270.

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The research was aimed at studying the effectiveness of duckweed as a coagulant/disinfectant in the treatment of water and wastewater. Water sample was obtained from River Benue and duckweed was harvested near a residential area in Makurdi Town, Nigeria. Laboratory experiments were carried out using dosage, pH, temperature, initial concentration and Flocculating Speed as variables for both disinfection and coagulation. Results obtained revealed that, the optimum conditions with respect to disinfection (bacteria load removal) were; Dosage=0.4ml, pH=9, Temperature=30°C, Initial concentration=300µm and Flocculating speed=90rev/min, with highest percentage removal of 91% and 82% for the filtrate and powder respectively. For coagulation (turbidity and suspended solid removal), the optimum conditions were; Dosage=0.2ml, pH=5, Temperature=30°C, Initial concentration=633FTU and Flocculating Speed=90rev/min with the highest percentage removal at 84.3% and 80.4% for duckweed filtrate and powder respectively. It is recommended that, duckweed filtrate and powder should be used in water purification for drinking and greywater respectively.

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Utsev, Terlumun Joseph, Uungwa Shachia Jude, and Peter Okah. "Suitability of Lemna Trisulca (Duckweed) in Water Purification." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 2, no. 3 (March 11, 2017): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2017.2.3.270.

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The research was aimed at studying the effectiveness of duckweed as a coagulant/disinfectant in the treatment of water and wastewater. Water sample was obtained from River Benue and duckweed was harvested near a residential area in Makurdi Town, Nigeria. Laboratory experiments were carried out using dosage, pH, temperature, initial concentration and Flocculating Speed as variables for both disinfection and coagulation. Results obtained revealed that, the optimum conditions with respect to disinfection (bacteria load removal) were; Dosage=0.4ml, pH=9, Temperature=30°C, Initial concentration=300µm and Flocculating speed=90rev/min, with highest percentage removal of 91% and 82% for the filtrate and powder respectively. For coagulation (turbidity and suspended solid removal), the optimum conditions were; Dosage=0.2ml, pH=5, Temperature=30°C, Initial concentration=633FTU and Flocculating Speed=90rev/min with the highest percentage removal at 84.3% and 80.4% for duckweed filtrate and powder respectively. It is recommended that, duckweed filtrate and powder should be used in water purification for drinking and greywater respectively.

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12

Abou El-Defan, T., S. El-Raies, H. El-Kholy, and A. Osman. "A Summary of Water Suitability Criteria for Irrigation." Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering 7, no. 12 (December 1, 2016): 981–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2016.40540.

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Arjuna, Arjuna, Saida Saida, and Anwar Robbo. "EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN UNTUK TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH DI DESA BONTO TAPPALANG KECAMATAN TOMPOBULU KABUPATEN BANTAENG." AGrotekMAS Jurnal Indonesia: Jurnal Ilmu Peranian 5, no. 3 (December 5, 2024): 328–38. https://doi.org/10.33096/agrotekmas.v5i3.645.

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The research's objective is to identify the current and potential land suitability classifications. To identify the constraints on shallot production in Tompobulu District, Bantaeng Regency's Bonto Tappalang Village. This study was carried out between February and April of 2023. The survey technique and classification of land suitability classes based on the FAO method that had been amended by the Ministry of Agriculture with a land limiting factor approach were the methods employed in this study. Based on the results of the study showed that (the actual land suitability class for land units A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 is marginally appropriate (S3) while the potential suitability is marginally appropriate (S3), for land units A2, quite suitable (S2) for land units A1 and A5 and very suitable (S1) for land units A3 and A4. The limiting factors for actual land suitability are water availability (rainfall) and erosion hazard (slope and erosion hazard) for land unit A1, the limiting factor for potential land suitability is root media (depth Land unit A2 has a limiting factor for actual land suitability of water availability (rainfall), root media (into the soil), available nutrients (P2O5) and erosion hazard (slope and erosion hazard), while the limiting factor for potential land suitability is root media ( The limiting factor for actual land suitability is water availability (rainfall), available nutrients (P2O5) and erosion hazard (slope and erosion hazard) for A3 and A4 land units, while the potential land suitability limiting factor for A3 land unit is root media ( into the ground). The limiting factor for land suitability is actual availability of water (rainfall) and available nutrients (P2O5) for A5 land units, while the limiting factor for potential land suitability is root media (into the soil).

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Erlangga, Erlangga, Yusril Husaen, Yudho Andika, Imamshadiqin Imamshadiqin, and Imanullah Imanullah. "Analysis of oceanography parameters for the suistability tourism in Bangka Jaya Beach District of Dewantara, North Aceh." Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal 9, no. 3 (December 6, 2022): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/aa.v9i3.9514.

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Bangka Jaya Beach is located in Krueng Geukueh Village, Dewantara sub-district. Many tourists who often visit Bangka Jaya beach tourism, therefore it is necessary to analyze the suitability of beach tourism, through this research it will be known the level of tourism suitability to the parameters that have been determined as a determination of the level of security for tourists who carry out beach tourism activities. This study aims to determine the condition of oceanographic parameters for the suitability of Bangka Jaya beach tourism in a beach tourism object and analyze the level of tourism suitability based on the potential of existing resources in the coastal area of Bangka Jaya. Primary data that must be taken in the field include tourism suitability data. The tourism suitability data taken include beach type, beach width, water depth, brightness, current speed, water base material, coastal slope, coastal land cover, hazardous biota, and freshwater availability. Primary data collection was carried out in the morning when the sea water was high and in the afternoon when the sea water was receding. The sampling method in this study used a purposive sampling method in December - January 2022. The method used was descriptive analysis using the Tourism Suitability Index (IKW) analysis. The results of the study of the tourism suitability index (IKW) obtained the results of measuring the parameters of tourism suitability of 90.47% which was a very suitable category (S1). The tourism suitability parameter in the tourism suitability index table (IKW) can be seen that almost every parameter is included in the very suitable category (S1) of all parameters there are two parameters that fall into the appropriate category (S2), namely the beach type parameter and the beach slope parameter.Keywords: Beach; Oceanography; Suitability; Tour

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Erlangga, Erlangga, Yusril Husaen, Yudho Andika, Imamshadiqin Imamshadiqin, and Imanullah Imanullah. "Analysis of oceanography parameters for the suistability tourism in Bangka Jaya Beach District of Dewantara, North Aceh." Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal 9, no. 3 (December 1, 2022): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/aa.v9i3.7038.

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Bangka Jaya Beach is located in Krueng Geukueh Village, Dewantara sub-district. Many tourists who often visit Bangka Jaya beach tourism, therefore it is necessary to analyze the suitability of beach tourism, through this research it will be known the level of tourism suitability to the parameters that have been determined as a determination of the level of security for tourists who carry out beach tourism activities. This study aims to determine the condition of oceanographic parameters for the suitability of Bangka Jaya beach tourism in a beach tourism object and analyze the level of tourism suitability based on the potential of existing resources in the coastal area of Bangka Jaya. Primary data that must be taken in the field include tourism suitability data. The tourism suitability data taken include beach type, beach width, water depth, brightness, current speed, water base material, coastal slope, coastal land cover, hazardous biota and freshwater availability. Primary data collection was carried out in the morning when the sea water was high and in the afternoon when the sea water was receding. The sampling method in this study used a purposive sampling method in December - January 2022. The method used was descriptive analysis using the Tourism Suitability Index (IKW) analysis. The results of the study of the tourism suitability index (IKW) obtained the results of measuring the parameters of tourism suitability of 90.47% which was a very suitable category (S1). The tourism suitability parameter in the tourism suitability index table (IKW) can be seen that almost every parameter is included in the very suitable category (S1) of all parameters there are two parameters that fall into the appropriate category (S2), namely the beach type parameter and the beach slope parameter.Keywords: Beach; Oceanography; Suitability; Tour

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Ankita H. Harkare. "Enhanced Hydroponic Farming with Crop Suitability Prediction." Advances in Nonlinear Variational Inequalities 27, no. 4 (August 31, 2024): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/anvi.v27.1491.

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Hydroponics, a soil-less cultivation technique, offers efficient resource utilization and enhanced crop yields. However, precise water quality control is essential to ensure optimal nutrient absorption and successful crop growth. This research paper presents a comprehensive IoT-based water quality monitoring system specifically designed for hydroponics, incorporating pH, turbidity, and temperature sensors. The system can acquire data from sensors, data processing, and data visualization in real time. The sensor data is seamlessly transmitted from Arduino to ESP8266 and securely stored on the ThingSpeak cloud platform. Utilizing web scraping techniques, the collected data is extracted from ThingSpeak and seamlessly integrated into a user-friendly website. On the website, a machine learning (ML) model, trained on required data, automatically processes the realtime sensor readings and performs crop suitability predictions. The system enables continuous and automated monitoring of key water quality parameters, ensuring optimal conditions for hydroponic crop growth. The deployed ML model demonstrates remarkable performance in predicting water suitability for different crops. The model provides real-time predictions on the website by utilizing the data, empowering hydroponic farmers with data-driven insights to optimize crop selection based on water quality. To evaluate the system’s efficacy, extensive experimentation, and validation have been conducted using hydroponic setups with various crop types.

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Ward, Michael, Cristina Poleacovschi, and Michael Perez. "Using AHP and Spatial Analysis to Determine Water Surface Storage Suitability in Cambodia." Water 13, no. 3 (January 31, 2021): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13030367.

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Cambodia suffers from devastating droughts in the dry season and floods in the wet season. These events’ impacts are further amplified by ineffective water resources infrastructure that cannot retain water during the dry season. Water harvesting (the collection and management of floodwater or rainwater runoff to increase water supply for domestic and agricultural use) is an approach that could improve Cambodia’s resiliency against droughts and floods. Despite the known benefits of water harvesting, there are currently few studies on water harvesting suitability in Cambodia. This research argues that suitable water harvesting sites can be identified by combining various expertise and evaluating hydrologic site conditions. Thirty-one local and USA water infrastructure experts made pairwise comparisons between essential engineering criteria: soil drainage, geologic porosity, precipitation, land cover, and slope. Then, model weights were calculated based on the comparisons. Using the model weights, a water harvesting suitability model showed that 19% of Cambodian land has high suitability, and about 13% of the land has the best suitability. This water harvesting model can help guide future water infrastructure projects to improve climate resiliency by identifying suitable sites for water harvesting reservoirs.

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Gao, Xuerui, Ai Wang, Yong Zhao, Xining Zhao, Miao Sun, Junkai Du, and Chengcheng Gang. "Study on Water Suitability of Apple Plantations in the Loess Plateau under Climate Change." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 11 (November 8, 2018): 2504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112504.

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With the implementation of the Grain for Green Project, the apple plantation area is increasing in Loess Plateau. However, due to severe water scarcity, the sustainability of apple tree growth is threatened. In this paper, we used meteorological data (1990–2013) and forecasted climate data (2019–2050) to estimate water demand and establish a water suitability model to study the water balance between available water and water consumption of the apple trees. The results show that: (i) the order of the average water demand of apple plantation in each subarea is Shaanxi Province > Yuncheng area > Gansu Province > Sanmenxia Region, ranging from 500 to 950 mm; (ii) the temporal variability of water suitability from 1990 to 2013 is large, and the higher values are concentrated in the late growth stage of the apple trees and the lower values are concentrated in the early growth stage; (iii) the temporal and spatial distribution of water suitability is relatively stable and even in the Loess Plateau in the period of 2019–2050; (iv) the water suitability is mainly affected by effective precipitation and reference evapotranspiration and the reference evapotranspiration is mainly affected by the solar radiation (36%) and average temperature (38%). Furthermore, due to the joint influence of precipitation increases and solar radiation (average temperature) increases, the future water suitability of the apple plantation area in the Loess Plateau is showing a non-significant downward trend under RCP4.5 scenario.

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Augustin, Lea, and Thomas Baumann. "Suitability Mapping for Subsurface Floodwater Storage Schemes." InterPore Journal 1, no. 2 (August 24, 2024): ipj240824–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.69631/ipj.v1i2nr20.

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The hydrological conditions a changing climate imposes require updated measures to address extreme water events sustainably. These must evolve from isolated solutions, such as water retention basins, to holistic management strategies that consider at least two situations simultaneously, such as floods and droughts. One strategy for sustainable groundwater management is managed aquifer recharge (MAR), which copes with decreasing groundwater levels by a targeted recharge of aquifers. Using high water as a recharge water source (Flood-MAR) can additionally cover the aspect of flood protection, resulting in a multi-beneficial solution for the region. This study evaluated the site suitability for subsurface floodwater storage schemes, which must focus more on assessing the existing aquifer characteristics and the specific flood dynamics in nearby rivers compared to known MAR schemes. Potential sites for underground flood storage are characterized by decreasing groundwater levels and, thus, frequent water scarcity, combined with eminent risks of flooding by a nearby river. Suitability, on the other hand, must take the aquifer, surface, and water source characteristics into account. In this study, we present a workflow for generating suitability maps for implementing subsurface floodwater storage systems with a geographic information system-based multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). The workflow was intentionally and exclusively based on publicly available data, was implemented in Python, and provided as open-source software. The resulting suitability maps spatially depict the feasibility of underground flood storage, and thus form the basis for the implementation planning of such projects. The approach was demonstrated for the administrative district of Swabia, Germany, where approximately 35% of the area was identified as suitable at varying levels. A sensitivity analysis of the assigned weights was applied to show the high robustness of the underlying data. The results highlighted the enormous potential of implementing such sustainable co-management schemes, which needs to be further concretized by on-site observations.

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Amongo, Rossana Marie, Ronaldo Saludes, Roger Luyun, Jr., Patrick Lemuel Relativo, Maria Victoria Larona, Ronnie Valencia, Ria Salustia Duminding, et al. "Site Suitability Analysis of Small Water Impounding Projects (SWIPs) in CALABARZON Region Using GIS-Based Water Resources Assessment." Philippine Journal of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering 16, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.48196/016.02.2020.02.

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A study on site suitability analysis of small water impounding projects (SWIPs) in CALABARZON Region, Philippines was conducted using a GIS-based water resources assessment procedure for optimum water resourceallocation and utilization. The study involved primary data collection through needs and design assessment survey of farmer-respondents utilizing SWIPs, and geo-tagging of existing SWIPs in the CALABARZON region. Secondary data inputs were also gathered from various institutions to generate the thematic maps and the potential suitability maps for SWIPs. Location maps of existing and potential sites for the development of SWIPs in CALABARZON were generated though GIS-based mapping. The generated SWIP potential suitability map was classified as highly suitable, moderately suitable, or marginally suitable. There were eight (8) factors considered in site suitability mapping of SWIP, namely, (1) average annual total rainfall, (2) soil texture, (3) slope, (4) road accessibility, (5) potential irrigable area (PIA), (6) geology, (7) watershed area, and (8) reservoir area. Of the total 350 potential sites identified for SWIP development in the CALABARZON region, 7% were classified as highly suitable, 61% as moderately suitable, and 32% as marginally suitable. The results can serve as a tool for SWIP planning and development to augment irrigation requirements for sustainable food production in the region.

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Romanchuk, M. Ye, and Z. Н. Veslohuzova. "Assessment of suitability of the Dniester River's water for drinking water supply." Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, no. 33 (September 15, 2024): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.33.2024.09.

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The Dniester is a transboundary river between Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova. It is the second longest river in Ukraine and the ninth in Europe. From its source to a town of Staryi Sambir, the Dniester flows through the Carpathian Mountains, then across the flat territory of Ukraine and Moldova. The Dniester Basin extends across seven regions in southwestern Ukraine (Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil, Khmelnytskyi, Vinnytsia, Chernivtsi and Odesa Regions). A small area of the river in its upper reaches is located in Poland. The basin's shape is a very elongated oval that is curved in the middle, about 700 km long with an average width of 120 km. As it flows into the Black Sea, the Dniester River forms the Dniester estuary in Odesa region (between Ovidiopol and Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi districts). The estuary area of the Dniester River is a complex landscape system at the sea-river-land contact. Drinking water is an important factor determining a person's health. Due to the intensive development of industry, agriculture and utility services, the number of pollutants that enter the environment and worsen the quality of drinking water in Ukraine keeps increasing. This increases the risk of toxic and infectious diseases spread among the population that consumes such low-quality water. That is why solving the problem of drinking water monitoring and assessment of its quality is a pressing task requiring urgent action. The article examines the quality of water for drinking needs at the water intake site of the Dniester River, a town of Biliaivka, for 2018-2022. Water quality assessment was carried out according to DSTU 4808: 2007 based on average and worst values. The methodology covers 80 indicators and, in accordance with sanitary legislation, is divided into seven separate groups (blocks). According to hygienic standards, the quality of river water is considered suitable for use if it belongs to quality classes 1-3. In this research, the analysis was carried out according to 23 indicators included in three groups, so the assessment is considered as tentative: Group I - organoleptic indicators (chromaticity, turbidity); Group II - general sanitary indicators (dry residue (mineralization), sulfates, chlorides, magnesium, alkalinity, hydrogen index, ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate phosphorus, dissolved oxygen, bichromate oxidation (COD), BSK5); Group VII – toxicological parameters (total iron, manganese, chromium (VI), zinc, petroleum products, synthetic surface active agents (surfactants), volatile phenols). It was determined that, according to the average values, the water quality of the Dniester at the water intake site is characterized as "good", which means it has clean water of acceptable quality. As for the worst indicators, the water was assessed as transitional in quality from "good" (clean) to "satisfactory" (slightly polluted).

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Nagels, J. W., R. J. Davies-Colley, and D. G. Smith. "A water quality index for contact recreation in New Zealand." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 5 (March 1, 2001): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0307.

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We surveyed the opinions of 16 water quality experts in order to develop a water quality index for contact recreation in freshwaters in New Zealand. The index was developed by postal surveys using the Delphi method, involving feedback of information to the panel members at each iteration. Determinands selected for use in the index were as follows: faecal bacterial indicators (faecal coliforms or E. coli), pH, Munsell colour, visual clarity indicators (black disc visibility or turbidity), and nutrients promoting nuisance growths (filtered BOD5, and dissolved forms of phosphorus and nitrogen). “Sub-index” curves relating suitability-for-use to these water quality determinands have been developed. The mean (“consensus”) sub-index curves can be used to interpret water quality data in terms of suitability-for-use scores. We advocate using the lowest suitability-for-use score for a water as its overall index value for contact recreation. Thus the water body's suitability-for-use is determined by its “poorest”characteristic. The index is now ready to be tested by water managers for its utility in state-of-environment reporting.

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Wicaksono, Arief, Ariani Puji Astuti, and Wirastuti Widyatmanti. "GIS Application for Water Quality Suitability Mapping to Optimize Floating Net Cages Cultivation in Lampung Bay." Journal of Applied Geospatial Information 4, no. 1 (May 6, 2020): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/jagi.v4i1.1162.

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Lampung bay is one of potential aquaculture for floating net cages. Site selection for cultivation is influential on the floating net cages cultivation production, while currently selected sites have not considered water quality suitability criteria. The study goals are to identify the optimal site for cage cultivation based on the water quality suitability and to examine the main affecting factor for the suitability of cage cultivation in Lampung Bay. The water quality suitability parameters including water depth, water clarity, current speed, sea surface temperature, salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen. Field survey was conducted on the southern part of Lampung Bay which is close to the coastal urban area. The tools used consisted of GPS navigation, pH meter, secchi disk, refractometer, bathimeter, digital thermometer, current meter, DO meter, and sample bottles. There are 32 sampling points which are distributed systematically. Inverse Distance Weighted is used to obtain the spatial distribution of parameters. The water environment suitability is carried out using two models from the weighting result using GIS, i.e. binary model and weighted model. Based on these model, the optimal area for cage cultivation are 17.41% (200.97 ha) and 65.95% (761.29 ha) using binary and weighted model respectively. The most influential parameter in order to promote sustainable cage cultivation are the water depth parameter with the consideration of the pattern similarity with the final model. Physical waters suitability map produced from this study provides valuable information for farmers and decision makers in Lampung Province so the cages cultivation in Lampung Bay can continue and obtain the optimal results.

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Ngongo, Yohanes Ledi, Sunimbar Sunimbar, and Muhammad Husain Hasan. "KAJIAN FAKTOR GEOGRAFI UNTUK INDEKS KESESUAIAN TAMBAK GARAM DI DESA LETE KONDA KECAMATAN LOURA KABUPATEN SUMBA BARAT DAYA." Jurnal Geografi 18, no. 2 (December 18, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/jgeo.v18i2.9362.

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This study aims to determine the geographical factors for the salt suitability index ini Lete Konda village, to the determine the geographical factors for the salt saitability index in lete konda village, loura district, southwest sumba district. The method used in this study is the matching method with observation data. This research was conduted in the village of lete konda. The type of research used in this study is a quantitative descriptive research using the IKG salt suitability index analisys method. The data documentation. Geographic factor analisys is measured using the IKG salt suitability inndex, to be able to determine the suitability of geographical factors at the location salt production. Based on the resuts of the analisys, it is known that the geographical factor for the salt suitability index in lete konda village, loura district,southwest sumba regency for rainfall is not suitable (S2) soil permeability is quite suitable (S1), sun exposure is conditionally appropriate (S2), air humidity is very low. Soutable (S1), wind speed is quite suitable (S2), air temperature is very suitable (S1), evaporatin is quite suitable (S2), water saturation is conditionally appropriareta (S1), soil texture is quite flare (S2), seawater salinity is very suitable (S1). Geographical factors for the salt suitabilty index are very suitable, quit suitable,condisitionally appropriare, and not suitable.

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Saputra, Ida Bagus Putu Adi Gita, I. Gusti Ngurah Putra Dirgayusa, and Gede Surya Indrawan. "Profil Indeks Kesesuaian Wisata di Pantai Semawang, Kelurahan Sanur, Denpasar Berbasis Zonasi Pemanfaatan Kawasan." Journal of Marine Research and Technology 6, no. 1 (February 26, 2023): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmrt.2023.v06.i01.p05.

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The tourism suitability index (IKW) research conducted at Semawang Beach, Sanur Village, Denpasar, aimed to determine the limiting factors, the value of the tourism suitability index, and the zone of the utilization of the coastal tourism area for the recreation category. The method used is observation and survey in the field by purposive sampling at 4 station points, divided into a beach length of 710 m, and tourist interviews with as many as 50 respondents. The data include beach type, water depth, beach width, water base material, water current velocity, coastal slope, water clarity, coastal land cover, hazardous biota, and freshwater availability. The analysis of the tourism suitability index (IKW) refers to the tourism suitability matrix and the classification of the suitability of beach tourism in the recreation category. The limiting factor of the tourism suitability in Semawang Beach is the closure of coastal land. The value of the tourism suitability index (IKW) for beach tourism activities in the recreational category at Semawang Beach at the station I was 96.43%, station II was 90.48%, station III was 96.43%, and station IV was 94.04%. All stations are categorized as suitable (SS) for beach tourism activities. The used zone for coastal tourism areas for swimming, sunbathing, sports, and sightseeing can be carried out at all stations. The sacred zone is at Station II, adjacent to the entrance to the beach

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Roehrdanz, Patrick R., and Lee Hannah. "Climate Change, California Wine, and Wildlife Habitat." Journal of Wine Economics 11, no. 1 (December 10, 2014): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jwe.2014.31.

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AbstractClimate change may drive shifts in global agriculture that will affect remaining natural lands, with important consequences for the conservation of species and ecosystems. Wine production is an excellent model for examining this type of impact, because suitable climate is central to product quality and production is centered in Mediterranean climate regions that are all global biodiversity hotspots. Adaptation to climate change in existing vineyards may involve water use to ameliorate heat stress or drought, resulting in additional conservation issues. Global studies of wine, climate, and conservation have highlighted the need for more detailed regional analyses to better understand these complex multiple issues. Here we examine impacts of climate change on winegrape suitability in California and its possible implications for nature conservation and water use. Under two global climate models and two emissions scenarios, winegrape suitability in California is projected to decline overall and to move into undeveloped areas that provide important habitats for native species. Coastal and upslope areas retain and improve in suitability, respectively, while inland areas see the largest losses in suitability. Areas of declining suitability are regions in which heightened water use for vineyard adaptation may lead to declines in stream flow or conflicts with other water uses. Continued growth in global demand for wine and reduced production in areas of declining suitability will drive expansion into newly suitable areas, potentially impacting important species native to California. Existing vineyards in areas of declining suitability will likely need to adapt to remain viable. Advance planning for a changing climate and adaptation options that are not water intensive (e.g. vine orientation, trellising, or varietal switch) will help reduce potential water conservation issues in those areas. (JEL Classifications: Q15, Q54, Q57)

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Dile, Yihun T., Johan Rockström, and Louise Karlberg. "Suitability of Water Harvesting in the Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia: A First Step towards a Mesoscale Hydrological Modeling Framework." Advances in Meteorology 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5935430.

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Extreme rainfall variability has been one of the major factors to famine and environmental degradation in Ethiopia. The potential for water harvesting in the Upper Blue Nile Basin was assessed using two GIS-based Multicriteria Evaluation methods: (1) a Boolean approach to locate suitable areas for in situ and ex situ systems and (2) a weighted overlay analysis to classify suitable areas into different water harvesting suitability levels. The sensitivity of the results was analyzed to the influence given to different constraining factors. A large part of the basin was suitable for water harvesting: the Boolean analysis showed that 36% of the basin was suitable for in situ and ex situ systems, while the weighted overlay analysis showed that 6–24% of the basin was highly suitable. Rainfall has the highest influence on suitability for water harvesting. Implementing water harvesting in nonagricultural land use types may further increase the benefit. Assessing water harvesting suitability at the larger catchment scale lays the foundation for modeling of water harvesting at mesoscale, which enables analysis of the potential and implications of upscaling of water harvesting practices for building resilience against climatic shocks. A complete water harvesting suitability study requires socioeconomic analysis and stakeholder consultation.

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R Suseela and K.R Visalakshy. "Subsurface Dykes - Case Study for its Suitability in Kerala." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 43, no. 2 (June 30, 2006): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2006432.1171.

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The average annual rainfall of 3000 mm in Kerala is 3 to 5 times more than many other states. But. in Kerala, rainwater is not much retained on the land due to the steep/undulating topography and low water holding capacity and shallow depth of topsoil. Most of the water stored in the soil during rainy season escape to the lower reaches and then to the rivers/sea. The subsurface dykes constructed at AMPRS, Odakkali using black polyethylene sheet and at Thrangalikadavu. across Bharatapuzha. using Sand-Cement-Bentonite grout was effective in increasing the sub-soil water reserve. The study revealed that water level during summer season at the dyke upstream rose by about 60 to 80cm. The wells constructed near the dyke. both for drinking water supply and lift irrigation yielded more water for longer duration

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Fang, Jun, Le Jie Wang, Guang Wei Zhang, Xin Kuan Cao, and Wei Li. "Study on the Suitability of Land Reclamation in the Plain Mining Areas with High Phreatic Water Level." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 4564–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.4564.

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Suitability evaluation plays a determining and crucial role in the preliminary and terminal stages of the land reclamation, which is carried out to prove the suitability of land reclamation from the perspective of technology, society and ec onomy based on scientific technology, economic technology, Informatics, Prognostics and Mathematical statistics. Besides soil, climate, topography, water, farming practices, phreatic level also matters a lot for the suitability evaluation. Therefore, the present paper studies the land reclamation suitability in the plain mining areas with high phreatic water level, which will be supportive to determine the reclamation direction and allocate the land resources in reclamation areas.

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Araujo-Carrillo, Gustavo Alfonso, Fabio Ernesto Martínez-Maldonado, Leidy Yibeth Deantonio-Florido, and Douglas Andrés Gómez-Latorre. "Agroclimatic zoning: a planning strategy for agricultural and livestock systems in Alta Guajira, Colombia." Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 435–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2019v13i3.9648.

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One of the most important dry agroecosystems in Colombia is found in the northern Guajira region, which has native inhabitants (sociocultural aspect) and semiarid zones (ecological aspect). This condition has resulted in great vulnerability in agricultural production systems to adverse climatic events, which require large scale action. For example, the establishment of agroclimatic suitability zones are needed to access information, for decision-making. The aim of this study was to carry out agroclimatic zoning in the municipality of Uribia (La Guajira) for agricultural production systems and animal feed species. The criteria used to identify the agroclimatic suitability zones included: plant coverage present in the municipality, soil suitability, water storage under water stress, regular conditions found in the municipality, and an extreme water deficit event. The evaluated conditions showed variations in agroclimatic suitability during the periods January to April and August to November. During an extreme water-deficit event between August and November, the suitable area for the establishment of production systems with plant species (type C3 and C4) was smaller (77,000 ha) than in the period January to April (130,000 ha). The agroclimatic suitability categories in Uribia did not exhibit differences between the evaluated periods under average water-deficit conditions.

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Al-Rashidi, Amjad, Chidambaram Sabarathinam, Dhanu Radha Samayamanthula, Bedour Alsabti, and Tariq Rashid. "Groundwater Management for Agricultural Purposes Using Fuzzy Logic Technique in an Arid Region." Water 15, no. 14 (July 24, 2023): 2674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15142674.

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The study aimed to determine groundwater’s suitability for irrigation and cattle rearing in Kuwait. In this regard, groundwater samples were collected from Umm Al Aish (UA) and adjoining Rawdhatain (RA) water wellfields to develop groundwater suitability maps for irrigation purposes using the fuzzy logic technique in ArcGIS. RA was dominated by Na-Cl, Na-Ca, and Ca-SO4 water types, whereas UA was dominated by the Ca-Mg water type. Due to the influence of the temperature and pCO2, the carbonates were inferred to be more susceptible to precipitation in the soil than the sulfates. The ternary plots for both regions revealed that the samples’ suitability ranged from good to unsuitable. Spatial maps of nine significant parameters governing the irrigation suitability of water were mapped and integrated using the fuzzy membership values for both regions. The final suitability map derived by overlaying all the considered parameters indicated that 8% of the RA region was categorized as excellent, while UA showed only 5%. Samples situated in the study areas showed an excellent to very satisfactory range for livestock consumption. Developing a monitoring system along with innovative water resource management systems is essential in maintaining the fertility of the soil and existing groundwater reserves.

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Richardson, J. R., and P. Y. Julien. "Suitability of simplified overland flow equations." Water Resources Research 30, no. 3 (March 1994): 665–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93wr03098.

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Al-Sulami, A. A., and H. A. Yaseen. "Bacteriological Suitability of Water from Basrah Wells for Drinking." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 2 (July 1, 1991): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0035.

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A survey of heterotrophic aerobic bacteria, total coliforms, faecal coliforms and faecal streptococci was performed on water samples from 32 wells in the desert west of Basrah city. Counts of bacteria were not found to be correlated with environmental factors. Faecal contamination of wells was mostly of animal sources as indicated by the low FC/PS ratios. Of the four methods, namely, spreading, membrane filtration, repair detection and replica plating, which have been used for enumeration of bacteria, the last one was the most accurate especially in detecting injured cells. Biochemical oxygen demand values ranged between 0.6-1.5 mg/l, while chloride ion content was between 354-1240 mg/l.

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., Imtiaz Ahmad, Makshoof Athar ., and Farzana Sarwar . "Surface Water Suitability for Drinking Purpose in Cholistan Desert." Journal of Biological Sciences 4, no. 1 (December 15, 2003): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2004.34.39.

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Bulcock, L. M., and G. P. W. Jewitt. "Key physical characteristics used to assess water harvesting suitability." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 66 (January 2013): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2013.09.005.

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36

Prasad, Dipak, Nilanjan Mitra, and Sanjoy Bandyopadhyay. "Intermolecular Dynamics of Water: Suitability of Reactive Interatomic Potential." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 123, no. 30 (July 8, 2019): 6529–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b02875.

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Durbude, DILIP G., and B. Venkatesh. "Site suitability analysis for soil and water conservation structures." Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 32, no. 4 (December 2004): 399–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03030865.

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Davies, Andrew J., and John M. Guinotte. "Global Habitat Suitability for Framework-Forming Cold-Water Corals." PLoS ONE 6, no. 4 (April 15, 2011): e18483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018483.

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Aslam, M., M. T. Qamar, Ikram Ahmed, Ateeq Ur Rehman, Shahid Ali, I. M. I. Ismail, and Abdul Hameed. "The suitability of silicon carbide for photocatalytic water oxidation." Applied Nanoscience 8, no. 5 (April 18, 2018): 987–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13204-018-0772-2.

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Hani, Heba Mohamed, Mohamed M. Nour El Din, Abdelkawi Khalifa, and Ezzat Elalfy. "Sensitivity Analysis for Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Framework for Site Selection of Aquifer Recharge with Reclaimed Water." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (March 17, 2023): 5399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15065399.

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The pressure on Egypt’s limited water resources has increased as a result of the country’s growing industrial and agricultural sectors, coupled with climate change impacts and population growth. To overcome the current water stress situation, the utilization of new technologies such as managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is thought to be key for expanding the use of non-conventional water resources and providing necessary water supplies. Managed aquifer recharge can boost groundwater recharge and promote greater water accessibility. Suitability maps for MAR are widely offered as a tool to aid in decision-making in the context of balancing water demand and supply. Conducting a sensitivity analysis to validate suitability mapping can enhance the understanding of the results and pinpoint the influencing factors. The West Delta region was chosen as a case study given the existence of two MAR sites to examine the suitability of implementing MAR projects with reclaimed water. In this work, a spatially explicit sensitivity analysis is performed on a newly developed framework for MAR suitability maps that use multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to determine suitable locations for MAR implementation, using spreading methods techniques. The performed sensitivity analysis uses spatial visualization to examine the effect of various weighted criteria on the final outputs and identifies criteria that are especially sensitive to weight changes. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that the applied MCDA framework for the suitability mapping in West Delta produced robust results in terms of the most suitable sites for MAR. The obtained results also indicate the possibility of the use of the suggested framework for arid environments with comparable data availability. Moreover, the results emphasize the possible use of suitability maps in sustainable groundwater management plans to support the actual implementation of MAR projects in the West Delta.

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Doost, Ziaul Haq, Mohammad Alsuwaiyan, and Zaher Mundher Yaseen. "Runoff Management based Water Harvesting for Better Water Resources Sustainability: A Comprehensive Review." Knowledge-Based Engineering and Sciences 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): 1–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51526/kbes.2024.5.1.1-45.

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The exacerbation of drought conditions has significantly enhanced water scarcity, notably impacting arid and semi-arid regions globally. Consequently, effective runoff management has emerged as a critical and formidable challenge. This comprehensive review addresses the critical challenge of runoff management for water resources sustainability, specifically through the lens of dam site selection employing MCA. A systematic investigation into the origins and methodologies of runoff management highlights the prevalent application of MCA models, with an in-depth literature review providing insights into various approaches, their advantages, limitations, and suitability for specific contexts. Through an extensive literature review, 63 criteria affecting dam site suitability were identified and analyzed, with slope, land use/land cover, and soil type identified as the most significant factors. The findings revealed an exponential increase in the application of MCA for dam site selection over the past two decades, emphasizing its growing importance in the field. Further, the review highlights the varied outcomes of dam site evaluations due to differing expert opinions on criteria weightings, pointing to the necessity for a unified approach to criteria weighting. It is recommended that future research focus on harmonizing these weights and incorporate high-resolution observational data to enhance the accuracy of dam site suitability assessments. Moreover, the integration of climate adaptability into runoff management models is suggested to ensure long-term water resource sustainability. This comprehensive review not only outlines the current state and challenges in runoff management and dam site selection but also proposes a direction for future research aimed at resolving these critical issues.

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Thakuriah, Gitika. "Geospatial and Analytical Hierarchical Process approach for potential sites of water harvesting in lower Kulsi basin, India." GeoScape 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 58–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/geosc-2023-0005.

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Abstract Water crisis issues are common in rural and urban areas, which can be tackled honestly by planning and managing existing water resources. The site suitability map is the principal footstep of planning practice for a region’s sustainable surface and groundwater resource development. The paper aims to delineate and suggest suitable sites for water harvesting for sustainable water resource development by taking the lower Kulsi watershed as a study area. Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) and Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques are used in the multi-criteria decision-making process to identify a suitability map of water harvesting structures like percolation tanks, check dams, and surface farm ponds on the basin of the specific key factor of each design. About one hundred ninety-six sites are detected from the most suitable category of suitability based on particular criteria and suggestions for sustainable water conservation in the study area.

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Fauzi, Yulian, Boko Susilo, and Zulfia Memi Mayasari. "Analisis Kesesuaian Lahan Wilayah Pesisir Kota Bengkulu melalui Perancangan Model Spasial dan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG)." Forum Geografi 23, no. 2 (December 20, 2009): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/forgeo.v23i2.5002.

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This research is aimed to alocate land management and use coastal and ocean area Sub-Province base on digital through Geographical Information System (GIS). This research was done in the coastal area Kota Bengkulu, through spatial alocate analysis and land suitability analysis for brackish water fish ponds, maritime tourism and conservation areas. Approach used in this research is spatial analysis to parameter/variable and land suitability criteria consist of element abiotik, biotik, culture, and spatial use (RTRW). Land suitability analysis is done by using SIG through overlay technique. Result of research indicate that from 7 sub district of coastal area of exist in Kota Bengkulu, land suitability (S1) for brackish water fish ponds are found in sub-district Muara Bangkahulu and Kampung Melayu. Land suitability (S1) for the maritime tourism are found in sub-district Teluk Segara and Ratu Samban, while Land suitability (S1) for conservation area of are found in sub-district Kampung Melayu.

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K. Abdulwahd, Abdulrazaq. "Suitability of Ground Water in Southwest Kirkuk for Human Consumptions." DJES 12, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24237/djes.2019.12210.

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Groundwater is one of the important sources of providing the human with water for drinking and other purposes. In Iraq, most of the agricultural land far from surface water sources, which forced these farmers to use groundwater wells as a source to cover the needs of the water and uses for different household. Furthermore, in some areas of Iraq, the available surface water that is suitable for human consumption is insufficient. Hence, the ground water is the viable solution to provide drinking water.The aim of this study is to show the extent validity of the ground water for various human uses.Twenty wells were chosen at different location in the southwest of Kirkuk city. Physical and chemical tests were carried for each water samples which include nitrite- nitrogen, phosphate, total hardness as CaCo3, total dissolved solids, chloride, PH, and turbidity. The results were evaluated and compared accordingly with World Health Organization (WHO) specifications. The results showed that the ground water in the study areas not suitable for drinking because of the contamination with Nitrite – nitrogen, phosphate and high contents of total hardness and TDS

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Gopalakrishnan, Boopathi, Palani Sugumaran, Kannan Balaji, Maruthamuthu Thirunavukkarasu, and Veeraswamy Davamani. "Land suitability evaluation for cattle grazing through multi-criteria approach using remote sensing and GIS." Range Management and Agroforestry 44, no. 01 (June 25, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i1.01.

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The current study aimed to map the potential grazing areas available in the Thondamuthur block of Coimbatore district in Tamil Nadu, India. Factors like distance from cattle location, distance from water sources (natural and manmade), slope, enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and land surface water index (LSWI) were considered. Various suitability classes (very high, high, moderate, low and very low) were derived for each factor and the final suitability map was prepared by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and weighted overlay techniques using Sentinel-2A data. The results revealed that the high suitability category occupied the largest area (14.81%) followed by the very high suitability category (3.57%). The moderate, low and very low suitability categories occupied a small per cent of the total area viz., 1.66%, 0.20% and 0.03%, respectively. The identified areas could be brought under scientific management for pasture development.

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Akter, Aysha, Md Redwoan Toukir, and Ahammed Dayem. "Suitability Assessment of Fish Habitat in a Data-Scarce River." Hydrology 9, no. 10 (October 3, 2022): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology9100173.

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Assessing fish habitat suitability in a data-scarce tidal river is often challenging due to the absence of continuous water quantity and quality records. This study is comprised of an intensive field study on a 42 km reach which recorded bathymetry and physical water quality parameters (pH, electroconductivity, dissolved oxygen, and total dissolved solids) testing and corresponding water levels and velocity. Frequent water sampling was carried out on 17 out of 90 locations for laboratory water quality tests. Based on this, an interpolation technique, i.e., Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), generates a map in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment using ArcGIS software to determine the river water quality parameters. Additionally, a hydrodynamic model study was conducted to simulate hydraulic parameters using Delft3D software followed by a water quality distribution. During validation, the Delft3D-simulated water quality could reasonably mimic most field data, and GIS featured dissolved oxygen. The overall water quality distribution showed a lower dissolved oxygen level (~3 mg/l) in the industrial zone compared to the other two zones during the study period. On the other hand, these validated hydraulic properties were applied in the Physical Habitat Simulation Model (PHABSIM) set up to conduct the hydraulic habitat suitability for Labeo rohita (Rohu fish). Thus, the validated model could represent the details of habitat suitability in the studied river for future decision support systems, and this study envisaged applying it to other similar rivers.

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Alatar, Farid M., Alhassan H. Ismail, Muntasir A. Shareef, and Corina Boncescu. "Hydrochemistry of Groundwater in AL Jallam Desert, Salah Al-Din Governorate, Iraq." Journal of Techniques 5, no. 3 (August 15, 2023): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51173/jt.v5i3.1755.

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The present paper assesses the hydrochemistry of groundwater in AL JALLAM desert and its suitability for human consumption and irrigation. Nine groundwater samples were taken, and they were analyzed for major ions to determine the Piper diagram and Gibbs plot. The results showed that the evaporation process is the primary control of the water quality in the study area. Water Quality Index (WQI) method was utilized to assess the suitability of water for human consumption, whereas different geochemical parameters were used to evaluate the irrigation suitability. Generally, the groundwater in the study area is not suitable for drinking and irrigation. Based on cluster analysis (CA), it was found that two levels of pollution levels in the AL JALLAM desert.

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Rezaul Karim, Md. "Quality and suitability of harvested rainwater for drinking in Bangladesh." Water Supply 10, no. 3 (July 1, 2010): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2010.144.

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Several programs have been undertaken during the last few years to install rooftop rainwater harvesting systems as an alternative drinking water supply source both in the coastal and arsenic affected areas in Bangladesh. In this study, quality of the harvested rainwater used for drinking water supply was assessed. A total of 308 harvested rainwater samples were collected from the different storage reservoirs located both in coastal and arsenic affected areas and analysed for various physical, chemical and microbial indicators. Most of the physical and chemical water quality parameters were well below the Bangladesh Drinking Water Standard and WHO guideline values. However, the harvested rainwater was found microbiologically contaminated to some extent and the water is not suitable for consumption without treatment. For safe and sustainable rainwater harvesting, WHO guideline and water safely plan (WSP) can be adopted in Bangladesh.

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Islam, Md Shajedul, and M. G. Mostafa. "Groundwater suitability for irrigated agriculture in Alluvial Bengal delta plain: Areview." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v10.i2.pp156-170.

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Groundwater is a vital source of irrigation and domestic purposes in Bangladesh, and hence, it must satisfy the water quality guidelines. The study has selected eleven (11) Districts of Bangladesh and collect secondary data regarding the irrigation water quality of groundwater. Several irrigation water indices, such as soluble sodium percentage (SSP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), Kelly’s ratio (KR), permeability index (PI), and irrigation water quality (IWQ) index are applied to evaluate irrigation water quality. According to IWQindex, the results showed 25.5% of water samples fell in highly suitability water type, whereas 33.5% exhibited low suitability type, and the remaining 41% were showed medium suitability for irrigation purposes. The values of SAR, SSP, RSBC, and MAR indices showed that about 31-64% of water samples were very good, whereas 5-20% were very poor for the same purpose. The results of TDS, EC, and total hardness showed good results as 88-93% of water samples fell in fair to excellent quality. The salinity hazard was found in the groundwater of coastal areas and completely unfit for irrigation. The study findings would help for improving the management of the groundwater resources for agricultural purposes in Bangladesh.

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Ahmed, Musfique. "Suitability of Grey Water Recycling as decentralized alternative water supply option for Integrated Urban Water Management." IOSR Journal of Engineering 02, no. 09 (September 2012): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3021-02943135.

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