Статті в журналах: "Surface modification of 3D printed parts"

1

Stoklasek, Pavel, Milan Navratil, Martin Bednarik, Ivan Hudec, and Dalibor Petrzelka. "Flexural behaviour of ABS 3D printed parts on professional printer Stratasys Fortus 900mc." MATEC Web of Conferences 210 (2018): 04048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821004048.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Nowadays, it is very desirable to obtain the low cost polymeric material with the best material properties. For the best modification of the commodity and construction polymeric materials it is firstly necessary to know the basic material properties. In this study the bending and Charpy impact test specimens were fabricated via a professional FDM 3D printer Fortus 900mc, from company Stratasys, processing ABS-M30 in three build orientation XY, XZ-H and XZ-V. The 3D printed test specimens were examined to compare the effect of layer thickness and building orientation. Tensile test machine Zwick 1456 and impact pendulum Zwick HIT50P were used for bending and Charpy impact tests. Optical microscopy was utilized to perform fractography on impact test specimens to explore the effect of the layer thickness and building orientation on the fracture surface morphology of the failed specimens. This study demonstrates the need for material testing for specific processing as additive manufacturing technologies.

2

Donate, Ricardo, María Elena Alemán-Domínguez, and Mario Monzón. "On the Effectiveness of Oxygen Plasma and Alkali Surface Treatments to Modify the Properties of Polylactic Acid Scaffolds." Polymers 13, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 1643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13101643.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Surface modification of 3D-printed PLA structures is a major issue in terms of increasing the biofunctionality and expanding the tissue engineering applications of these parts. In this paper, different exposure times were used for low-pressure oxygen plasma applied to PLA 3D-printed scaffolds. Alkali surface treatments were also evaluated, aiming to compare the modifications introduced on the surface properties by each strategy. Surface-treated samples were characterized through the quantification of carboxyl groups, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, water contact angle measurements, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The change in the surface properties was studied over a two-week period. In addition, an enzymatic degradation analysis was carried out to evaluate the effect of the surface treatments on the degradation profile of the 3D structures. The physicochemical characterization results suggest different mechanism pathways for each type of treatment. Alkali-treated scaffolds showed a higher concentration of carboxyl groups on their surface, which enhanced the enzymatic degradation rate, but were also proven to be more aggressive towards 3D-printed structures. In contrast, the application of the plasma treatments led to an increased hydrophilicity of the PLA surface without affecting the bulk properties. However, the changes on the properties were less steady over time.

3

Francis, Vishal, and Prashant K. Jain. "Investigation on the effect of surface modification of 3D printed parts by nanoclay and dimethyl ketone." Materials and Manufacturing Processes 33, no. 10 (November 17, 2017): 1080–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2017.1401717.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

4

Sajadi, Seyed Mohammad, Lívia Vásárhelyi, Reza Mousavi, Amir Hossein Rahmati, Zoltán Kónya, Ákos Kukovecz, Taib Arif, et al. "Damage-tolerant 3D-printed ceramics via conformal coating." Science Advances 7, no. 28 (July 2021): eabc5028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc5028.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Ceramic materials, despite their high strength and modulus, are limited in many structural applications due to inherent brittleness and low toughness. Nevertheless, ceramic-based structures, in nature, overcome this limitation using bottom-up complex hierarchical assembly of hard ceramic and soft polymer, where ceramics are packaged with tiny fraction of polymers in an internalized fashion. Here, we propose a far simpler approach of entirely externalizing the soft phase via conformal polymer coating over architected ceramic structures, leading to damage tolerance. Architected structures are printed using silica-filled preceramic polymer, pyrolyzed to stabilize the ceramic scaffolds, and then dip-coated conformally with a thin, flexible epoxy polymer. The polymer-coated architected structures show multifold improvement in compressive strength and toughness while resisting catastrophic failure through a considerable delay of the damage propagation. This surface modification approach allows a simple strategy to build complex ceramic parts that are far more damage-tolerant than their traditional counterparts.

5

Ashkenazi, Dana, Alexandra Inberg, Yosi Shacham-Diamand, and Adin Stern. "Gold, Silver, and Electrum Electroless Plating on Additively Manufactured Laser Powder-Bed Fusion AlSi10Mg Parts: A Review." Coatings 11, no. 4 (April 6, 2021): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11040422.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Additive manufacturing (AM) revolutionary technologies open new opportunities and challenges. They allow low-cost manufacturing of parts with complex geometries and short time-to-market of products that can be exclusively customized. Additive manufactured parts often need post-printing surface modification. This study aims to review novel environmental-friendly surface finishing process of 3D-printed AlSi10Mg parts by electroless deposition of gold, silver, and gold–silver alloy (e.g., electrum) and to propose a full process methodology suitable for effective metallization. This deposition technique is simple and low cost method, allowing the metallization of both conductive and insulating materials. The AlSi10Mg parts were produced by the additive manufacturing laser powder bed fusion (AM-LPBF) process. Gold, silver, and their alloys were chosen as coatings due to their esthetic appearance, good corrosion resistance, and excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. The metals were deposited on 3D-printed disk-shaped specimens at 80 and 90 °C using a dedicated surface activation method where special functionalization of the printed AlSi10Mg was performed to assure a uniform catalytic surface yielding a good adhesion of the deposited metal to the substrate. Various methods were used to examine the coating quality, including light microscopy, optical profilometry, XRD, X-ray fluorescence, SEM–energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), focused ion beam (FIB)-SEM, and XPS analyses. The results indicate that the developed coatings yield satisfactory quality, and the suggested surface finishing process can be used for many AM products and applications.

6

Leite, Marco, André Varanda, António Relógio Ribeiro, Arlindo Silva, and Maria Fátima Vaz. "Mechanical properties and water absorption of surface modified ABS 3D printed by fused deposition modelling." Rapid Prototyping Journal 24, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-04-2016-0057.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of a sealing protective treatment on the water absorption and mechanical properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)-printed parts by fused deposition modelling. Protective products include aqueous acetone solutions with different concentrations, polyurethane wood sealer and aqueous acrylic-based varnish. Design/methodology/approach Open porosity was estimated by the absorption coefficient and the total amount of water retained, obtained from water absorption tests. Mechanical characterization was performed by compressive and tensile tests. Different specimens with different build directions and raster angles were used. Findings The treatments with acetone solutions were not effective in reducing the porosity of ABS parts, as the amount of acetone that reduces effectively the porosity will also affect the sample dimensional stability. The polyurethane treatment was found to reduce the absorption coefficient, but the maximum water content and the open porosity remain almost unchanged in comparison with the ones obtained for untreated specimens. The treatment with an acrylic-based varnish was found to preserve the dimensional stability of the specimens, to reduce the open porosity and to maintain the compression and tension properties of the specimens in different build directions and raster angles. Originality/value Surface modification for water tight applications of ABS 3D printing parts enables new designs where both sealing and the preservation of mechanical properties are important. As per the knowledge of the authors, the water absorption and the mechanical behaviour of ABS 3D printed parts, before and after treatment, were not previously investigated.

7

Han, Ningda, Jun Cheng, Jiquan Yang, Yijian Liu, and Wuyun Huang. "Design and Implementation of 3D Printing System for Continuous CFRP Composites." MATEC Web of Conferences 213 (2018): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821301011.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The rapid and low-cost manufacturing of continuous Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites using 3D printing technology is a hot topic in the field of composite materials’ research. Due to the continuity and infusibility of the long carbon fiber, a series of problems such as loosening of fiber, breakage, and nozzle clogging occurred in the printing process, which result in poor surface quality and performance in the printed product. This paper aims to solve these problems based on the researches and optimizations of three-dimensional printing technology for continuous CFRP composite components. Firstly, the coupling mechanism of continuous fiber and resin polymer in the flow path of nozzle is analyzed, the finite element simulation models of flow field and temperature field of CFRP three-dimensional printing are established by using ANSYS CFX software, and the coupling characteristics and interface performance in the printing process are studied. Then, based on the results of simulation analysis, a modification method of the surface coating film is applied, and a special modification solution is configured to modify the surface of the carbon fiber so as to increase its strength and bondability with the molten resin. Finally, the mechanical structure of the three-dimensional printing system of continuous CFRP components is designed to achieve the synchronization of printing and fiber modification. Considering the continuity of continuous carbon fiber, this paper proposed a new method of printing path design called “unicursal” for continuous CFRP parts, that is, when designing and planning a three-dimensional print path, it ensured that there is no interruption in the printing process, so as to achieve carbon fiber continuity in composite parts. The reliability and superiority of the printing system designed in this paper are confirmed by printing of the composite parts.

8

Kuznetsov, Tavitov, Urzhumtsev, Mikhalin, and Solonin. "Design and Fabrication of Strong Parts from Poly (Lactic Acid) with a Desktop 3D Printer: A Case with Interrupted Shell." Polymers 11, no. 5 (April 30, 2019): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11050760.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The ability to form closed cavities inside the part printed is an important feature of Fused Filament Fabrication technology. A typical part consists of a dense shell bearing the primary load, filled with low-density plastic scaffold (infill). Such a constitution of the part provides in most cases appropriate strength and low weight. However, if the printed part shape includes horizontal (orthogonal to printer’s Z axis) flat surfaces other than its top and bottom surface, then the shell of the part becomes interrupted, which may lead to drastic drop in the ability of the part to withstand loads. In the current study, a representative sample of a part with interrupted shell and testing apparatus is developed. Influence of shell and base thicknesses, as well as influence of the infill density on the part strength, are studied. Different approaches to the sample shape modification were applied and tested. The part shape optimization made with respect to peculiarities of Fused Filament Fabrication technology resulted in increment of the force, required to fracture the part from 483 to 1096 N and in decreased part mass from 36.9 to 30.2 g.

9

Sedlák, Josef, Adam Glváč, and Andrej Czán. "Design of stirling engine operating at low temperature difference." MATEC Web of Conferences 157 (2018): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815704003.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

There are many sources of free energy available in the form of heat that is often simply wasted. The aim of this paper is to design and build a low temperature differential Stirling engine that would be powered exclusively from heat sources such as waste hot water or focused solar rays. A prototype is limited to a low temperature differential modification because of a choice of ABSplus plastic as a construction material for its key parts. The paper is divided into two parts. The first part covers a brief history of Stirling engine and its applications nowadays. Moreover, it describes basic principles of its operation that are supplemented by thermodynamic relations. Furthermore, an analysis of applied Fused Deposition Modelling has been done since the parts with more complex geometry had been manufactured using this additive technology. The second (experimental) part covers 4 essential steps of a rapid prototyping method - Computer Aided Design of the 3D model of Stirling engine using parametric modeller Autodesk Inventor, production of its components using 3D printer uPrint, assembly and final testing. Special attention was devoted to last two steps of the process since the surfaces of the printed parts were sandpapered and sprayed. Parts, where an ABS plus plastic would have impeded the correct function, had been manufactured from aluminium and brass by cutting operations. Remaining parts had been bought in a hardware store as it would be uneconomical and unreasonable to manufacture them. Last two chapters of the paper describe final testing, mention the problems that appeared during its production and propose new approaches that could be used in the future to improve the project.

10

Okarma, Krzysztof, Jarosław Fastowicz, Piotr Lech, and Vladimir Lukin. "Quality Assessment of 3D Printed Surfaces Using Combined Metrics Based on Mutual Structural Similarity Approach Correlated with Subjective Aesthetic Evaluation." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (September 9, 2020): 6248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186248.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Quality assessment of the 3D printed surfaces is one of the crucial issues related to fast prototyping and manufacturing of individual parts and objects using the fused deposition modeling, especially in small series production. As some corrections of minor defects may be conducted during the printing process or just after the manufacturing, an automatic quality assessment of object’s surfaces is highly demanded, preferably well correlated with subjective quality perception, considering aesthetic aspects. On the other hand, the presence of some greater and more dense distortions may indicate a reduced mechanical strength. In such cases, the manufacturing process should be interrupted to save time, energy, and the filament. This paper focuses on the possibility of using some general-purpose full-reference image quality assessment methods for the quality assessment of the 3D printed surfaces. As the direct application of an individual (elementary) metric does not provide high correlation with the subjective perception of surface quality, some modifications of similarity-based methods have been proposed utilizing the calculation of the average mutual similarity, making it possible to use full-reference metrics without the perfect quality reference images, as well as the combination of individual metrics, leading to a significant increase of correlation with subjective scores calculated for a specially prepared dataset.

11

Grasso, Marzio, Lyes Azzouz, Paula Ruiz-Hincapie, Mauro Zarrelli, and Guogang Ren. "Effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed PLA tensile specimens." Rapid Prototyping Journal 24, no. 8 (November 12, 2018): 1337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-04-2017-0055.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Purpose Recent advancements of 3D printing technology have brought forward the interest for this technique in many engineering fields. This study aims to focus on mechanical properties of the polylactic acid (PLA) feeding material under different thermal conditions for a typical fusion deposition of 3D printer system. Design/methodology/approach Specimens were tested under static loading within the range 20ºC to 60ºC considering different infill orientations. The combined effect of temperature and filament orientation is investigated in terms of constitutive material parameters and final failure mechanisms. The difference between feeding system before and post-3D printing was also assessed by mechanical test on feeding filament to verify the thermal profile during the deposition phase. Findings The results in terms of Young’s modulus, ultimate tensile strength (UTS), strain at failure (εf) and stress at failure (σf) are presented and discussed to study the influence of process settings over the final deposited material. Fracture surfaces have been investigated using an optical microscope to link the phenomenological interpretation of the failure with the micro-mechanical behaviour. Experimental results show a strong correlation between stiffness and strength with the infill orientation and the temperature values. Moreover, a relevant effect is related to deformed geometry of the filament approaching glass transition region of the polymer according to the deposition orientation. Research limitations/implications The developed method can be applied to optimise the stiffness and strength of any 3D-printed composite according to the infill orientation. Practical implications To avoid the failure of specimens outside the gauge length, a previously proposed modification to the geometry was adopted. The geometry has a parabolic profile with a curvature of 1,000 mm tangent to the middle part of the specimen. Originality/value Several authors have reported the stiffness and strength of 3D-printed parts under static and ambient temperature for different build parameters. However, there is a lack of literature on the combination of the latter with the temperature effects on the mechanical properties which this paper covers.

12

Ma, Chi, Yalin Dong, and Chang Ye. "Improving Surface Finish of 3D-printed Metals by Ultrasonic Nanocrystal Surface Modification." Procedia CIRP 45 (2016): 319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2016.02.339.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

13

Zhu, Jiayi, Julia L. Chen, Robert K. Lade, Wieslaw J. Suszynski, and Lorraine F. Francis. "Water-based coatings for 3D printed parts." Journal of Coatings Technology and Research 12, no. 5 (July 30, 2015): 889–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11998-015-9710-3.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

14

Dixit, Nitesh Kumar, Rajeev Srivastava, and Rakesh Narain. "Improving surface roughness of the 3D printed part using electroless plating." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 233, no. 5 (July 10, 2017): 942–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420717719920.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The effect of electroless metallic coating on 3D printed acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene plastic parts surface has been studied. Owing to its excellent toughness, good-dimensional reliability, good-process capability, chemical resistance and cost-effectiveness, acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene is used for fabrication of parts using a 3D open source printer. These parts are further metallic coated using electroless copper deposition technique. Two different surface preparation processes, namely aluminium paint paste and aluminium epoxy paste have been used for electroless coating. After the surface conditioning of parts using these methods, copper is deposited electrolessly using acidic solution, containing 12.5 wt% copper sulphate with 7.5 wt% of sulphuric acid. Deposition of copper, for two different methods, has been carried out using different temperature conditions and different time of deposition. In the first case, the temperature of the solution is initially kept at 45±2 ℃ and is allowed to come to the room temperature as the deposition is completed. In the second case, the temperature of the solution is maintained at room temperature throughout the process. Further, copper-deposited 3D printed parts were characterized based on their surface roughness measurement, electrical conductivity measurement, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and adhesion evaluation test. It has been found that both the methods used for coating show better electrical performance and more uniform copper deposition. Adhesion between copper layers and 3D printed acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene substrates is found to have good strength for Al-Epoxy-coated parts.

15

Du, Zheng Lin, Ming Jen Tan, and Jun Feng Guo. "Microstructure Modification of 3D Printed Aluminium Alloys by Friction Stir Processing." Materials Science Forum 1016 (January 2021): 1460–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1016.1460.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Friction stir processing is a solid-state welding technology capable of joining metal parts without the melting. The microstructure of the material evolved during the process vary from columnar grain along the thermal gradient in the melt pool to fine equiaxed grains. Evaluation on its mechanical properties in terms of micro-hardness was performed. A significant decrease in microhardness was observed in the processed region. The decrease in the microhardness is mainly attributed to the dissolution of hardening precipitates in the aluminium matrix.

16

Rane, Kedarnath, Kevin Castelli, and Matteo Strano. "Rapid surface quality assessment of green 3D printed metal-binder parts." Journal of Manufacturing Processes 38 (February 2019): 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2019.01.032.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

17

Espino, Michaela Tayag, Brian Jumaquio Tuazon, Gerald Sanqui Robles, and John Ryan Cortez Dizon. "Application of Taguchi Methodology in Evaluating the Rockwell Hardness of SLA 3D Printed Polymers." Materials Science Forum 1005 (August 2020): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1005.166.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Stereolithography (SLA) is an Additive Manufacturing technology which converts liquid resins to solid parts layer-by-layer by selectively curing the liquid resin using a (laser) light source. The mechanical properties SLA 3D printed parts are not yet determined or estimated before printing. Thus, this study aims to identify the optimum 3D printing configuration based on the indentation hardness properties of SLA-printed polymer parts. Taguchi approach was used in identifying the optimum 3D printing configuration wherein different factors were considered to meet the requirements of the orthogonal arrays. Five pieces of 3D printed test blocks with 9 indentation points on the surface were prepared for each factor. The tests followed ASTM D785 – 03 using Rockwell Scale B. The result for the optimum 3D printing configuration of SLA 3D printed material were concluded as the values with the highest Rockwell Hardness Number.

18

Mesicek, Jakub, Quoc-Phu Ma, Jiri Hajnys, Jan Zelinka, Marek Pagac, Jana Petru, and Ondrej Mizera. "Abrasive Surface Finishing on SLM 316L Parts Fabricated with Recycled Powder." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6 (March 23, 2021): 2869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062869.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Improving the surface roughness quality of 3D printed components, especially metallic ones, which are fabricated from the selective laser melting (SLM) method, has drawn enormous attention from the research community. It should be noted that various studies on this topic have reported that precise surface roughness results can be obtained with various techniques that are indeed not cost-effective. Differing itself from these studies, this manuscript investigates an economical solution for fabricating and surface treating SLM components. Specifically, the inspected specimens were printed with recycled 316L stainless steel powder and treated solely with two abrasive surface finishing methods. In the manuscript, two scanning strategies namely meander and stripes, and three types of surfaces were investigated. Subsequently, their 2D and 3D surface roughness results were elaborated. After the proposed herein abrasive treatment, 3D surface roughness arithmetical mean height of a surface (Sa) value of 0.9 µm can be achieved.

19

Yang, Jinwei, Linghua Kong, Guofu Lian, and Tongfei You. "Surface hardness determination of 3D printed parts using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy." Applied Optics 60, no. 3 (January 11, 2021): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.409565.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

20

Quinsat, Yann, Claire Lartigue, Christopher A. Brown, and Lamine Hattali. "Characterization of surface topography of 3D printed parts by multi-scale analysis." International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM) 12, no. 3 (November 27, 2017): 1007–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12008-017-0433-9.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

21

Baran, Eda, and H. Erbil. "Surface Modification of 3D Printed PLA Objects by Fused Deposition Modeling: A Review." Colloids and Interfaces 3, no. 2 (March 29, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids3020043.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Polylactic acid (PLA) filaments are very popular as a thermoplastic source used in the 3D printing field by the “Fused Deposition Modeling” method in the last decade. The PLA market is expected to reach 5.2 billion US dollars in 2020 for all of its industrial uses. On the other hand, 3D printing is an expanding technology that has a large economic potential in many industries where PLA is one of the main choices as the source polymer due to its ease of printing, environmentally friendly nature, glossiness and multicolor appearance properties. In this review, we first reported the chemical structure, production methods, general properties, and present market of the PLA. Then, the chemical modification possibilities of PLA and its use in 3D printers, present drawbacks, and the surface modification methods of PLA polymers in many different fields were discussed. Specifically, the 3D printing method where the PLA filaments are used in the extrusion-based 3D printing technologies is reviewed in this article. Many methods have been proposed for the permanent surface modifications of the PLA where covalent attachments were formed such as alkaline surface hydrolysis, atom transfer polymerization, photografting by UV light, plasma treatment, and chemical reactions after plasma treatment. Some of these methods can be applied for surface modifications of PLA objects obtained by 3D printing for better performance in biomedical uses and other fields. Some recent publications reporting the surface modification of 3D printed PLA objects were also discussed.

22

Jadayel, Moustapha, and Farbod Khameneifar. "Improving Geometric Accuracy of 3D Printed Parts Using 3D Metrology Feedback and Mesh Morphing." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 4, no. 4 (November 29, 2020): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp4040112.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, has gained significant interest due to the freedom it offers in creating complex-shaped and highly customized parts with little lead time. However, a current challenge of AM is the lack of geometric accuracy of fabricated parts. To improve the geometric accuracy of 3D printed parts, this paper presents a three-dimensional geometric compensation method that allows for eliminating systematic deviations by morphing the original surface mesh model of the part by the inverse of the systematic deviations. These systematic deviations are measured by 3D scanning multiple sacrificial printed parts and computing an average deviation vector field throughout the model. We demonstrate the necessity to filter out the random deviations from the measurement data used for compensation. Case studies demonstrate that printing the compensated mesh model based on the average deviation of five sacrificial parts produces a part with deviations about three times smaller than measured on the uncompensated parts. The deviation values of this compensated part based on the average deviation vector field are less than half of the deviation values of the compensated part based on only one sacrificial part.

23

Ji, Yuanchun, Yuan Ma, Yanjiao Ma, Jakob Asenbauer, Stefano Passerini, and Carsten Streb. "Water decontamination by polyoxometalate-functionalized 3D-printed hierarchical porous devices." Chemical Communications 54, no. 24 (2018): 3018–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc00821c.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

24

Milde, Ján, and Ladislav Morovič. "The Influence of Internal Structures in Fused Deposition Modeling Method on Dimensional Accuracy of Components." Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology 24, no. 38 (September 1, 2016): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rput-2016-0041.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Abstract The paper investigates the influence of infill (internal structures of components) in the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) method on dimensional and geometrical accuracy of components. The components in this case were real models of human mandible, which were obtained by Computed Tomography (CT) mostly used in medical applications. In the production phase, the device used for manufacturing, was a 3D printer Zortrax M200 based on the FDM technology. In the second phase, the mandibles made by the printer, were digitized using optical scanning device of GOM ATOS Triple Scan II. They were subsequently evaluated in the final phase. The practical part of this article describes the procedure of jaw model modification, the production of components using a 3D printer, the procedure of digitization of printed parts by optical scanning device and the procedure of comparison. The outcome of this article is a comparative analysis of individual printed parts, containing tables with mean deviations for individual printed parts, as well as tables for groups of printed parts with the same infill parameter.

25

Mak, Sze Yi, Kwong Leong Tam, Ching Hang Bob Yung, and Wing Fung Edmond Yau. "Hybrid Metal 3D Printing for Selective Polished Surface." Materials Science Forum 1027 (April 2021): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1027.136.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Metal additive manufacturing has found broad applications in diverse disciplines. Post processing to homogenize and improve surface finishing remains a critical challenge to additive manufacturing. We propose a novel one-stop solution of adopting hybrid metal 3D printing to streamlining the additive manufacturing workflow as well as to improve surface roughness quality of selective interior surface of the printed parts. This work has great potential in medical and aerospace industries where complicated and high-precision additive manufacturing is anticipated.

26

Tian, Jieni, Jiangping Yuan, Hua Li, Danyang Yao, and Guangxue Chen. "Advanced Surface Color Quality Assessment in Paper-Based Full-Color 3D Printing." Materials 14, no. 4 (February 4, 2021): 736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040736.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Color 3D printing allows for 3D-printed parts to represent 3D objects more realistically, but its surface color quality evaluation lacks comprehensive objective verification considering printing materials. In this study, a unique test model was designed and printed using eco-friendly and vivid paper-based full-color 3D printing as an example. By measuring the chromaticity, roughness, glossiness, and whiteness properties of 3D-printed surfaces and by acquiring images of their main viewing surfaces, this work skillfully explores the correlation between the color representation of a paper-based 3D-printed coloring layer and its attached underneath blank layer. Quantitative analysis was performed using ΔE*ab, feature similarity index measure of color image (FSIMc), and improved color-image-difference (iCID) values. The experimental results show that a color difference on color-printed surfaces exhibits a high linear correlation trend with its FSIMc metric and iCID metric. The qualitative analysis of microscopic imaging and the quantitative analysis of the above three surface properties corroborate the prediction of the linear correlation between color difference and image-based metrics. This study can provide inspiration for the development of computational coloring materials for additive manufacturing.

27

Xiang, Hui Yu, Baoan Han, Jia Jun Huang, and Zhe Li. "Surface Reconstruction of Stamping Parts Based on Binocular Stereo Vision." Applied Mechanics and Materials 415 (September 2013): 314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.415.314.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

In order to realize the 3D reconstruction of stamping parts surface, this paper based on binocular stereo vision principle firstly introduces the model of the binocular cameras. Internal and external parameters of camera can be obtained by binocular calibration, taking the printed circle grid centers which are on the stamping parts as feature points, and then using the disparity image obtained by HALCON to reconstruct 3D information of the feature points. Finally, use Matlab to plot out the scatter diagram of feature points and the fitting curved surface diagram.

28

Roach, Devin J., Christopher Roberts, Janet Wong, Xiao Kuang, Joshua Kovitz, Qiang Zhang, Thomas G. Spence, and H. Jerry Qi. "Surface modification of fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printed substrates by inkjet printing polyimide for printed electronics." Additive Manufacturing 36 (December 2020): 101544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2020.101544.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

29

Lee, Demei, and Guan-Yu Wu. "Parameters Affecting the Mechanical Properties of Three-Dimensional (3D) Printed Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polylactide Composites." Polymers 12, no. 11 (October 23, 2020): 2456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112456.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a manufacturing technology which creates three-dimensional objects layer-by-layer or drop-by-drop with minimal material waste. Despite the fact that 3D printing is a versatile and adaptable process and has advantages in establishing complex and net-shaped structures over conventional manufacturing methods, the challenge remains in identifying the optimal parameters for the 3D printing process. This study investigated the influence of processing parameters on the mechanical properties of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM)-printed carbon fiber-filled polylactide (CFR-PLA) composites by employing an orthogonal array model. After printing, the tensile and impact strengths of the printed composites were measured, and the effects of different parameters on these strengths were examined. The experimental results indicate that 3D-printed CFR-PLA showed a rougher surface morphology than virgin PLA. For the variables selected in this analysis, bed temperature was identified as the most influential parameter on the tensile strength of CFR-PLA-printed parts, while bed temperature and print orientation were the key parameters affecting the impact strengths of printed composites. The 45° orientation printed parts also showed superior mechanical strengths than the 90° printed parts.

30

Kariž, Mirko, Daša Krapež Tomec, Sebastian Dahle, Manja Kitek Kuzman, Milan Šernek, and Jure Žigon. "Effect of Sanding and Plasma Treatment of 3D-Printed Parts on Bonding to Wood with PVAc Adhesive." Polymers 13, no. 8 (April 9, 2021): 1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081211.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Additive manufacturing is becoming increasingly important for manufacturing end products, not just prototyping. However, the size of 3D-printed products is limited due to available printer sizes and other technological limitations. For example, making furniture from 3D-printed parts and wooden elements requires adequate adhesive joints. Since materials for 3D printing usually do not bond very well with adhesives designed for woodworking, they require special surface preparation to improve adhesion. In this study, fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D-printed parts made of polylactic acid (PLA), polylactic acid with wood flour additive (Wood-PLA), and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymers were bonded to wood with polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive. The surfaces of the samples were bonded as either non-treated, sanded, plasma treated, or sanded and plasma treated to evaluate the effect of each surface preparation on the bondability of the 3D-printed surfaces. Different surface preparations affected the bond shear strength in different ways. The plasma treatment significantly reduced water contact angles on all tested printing materials and increased the bond tensile shear strength of the adhesive used. The increase in bond strength was highest for the surfaces that had been both sanded and plasma treated. The highest increase was found for the ABS material (untreated 0.05 MPa; sanded and plasma treated 4.83 MPa) followed by Wood-PLA (from 0.45 MPa to 3.96 MPa) and PLA (from 0.55 MPa to 3.72 MPa). Analysis with a scanning electron microscope showed the smooth surfaces of the 3D-printed parts, which became rougher with sanding with more protruded particles, but plasma treatment partially melted the surface structures on the thermoplastic polymer surfaces.

31

Paz, Rubén, Rocío Moriche, Mario Monzón, and Joshua García. "Influence of Manufacturing Parameters and Post Processing on the Electrical Conductivity of Extrusion-Based 3D Printed Nanocomposite Parts." Polymers 12, no. 4 (March 25, 2020): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12040733.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The influence of manufacturing parameters of filament extrusion and extrusion-based Additive Manufacturing (AM), as well as different post processing techniques, on the electrical conductivity of 3D printed parts of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP)-reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) has been analyzed. The key role of the manufacturing parameters to obtain electrically conductive filaments and 3D printed parts has been demonstrated. Results have shown that an increase in extrusion speed, as well as lower land lengths, induces higher extrudate swelling, with the consequent reduction of the electrical conductivity. Additionally, filaments with lower diameter values, which result in a higher surface-to-cross-section ratio, have considerably lower electrical conductivities. These factors tune the values of the volume and surface electrical conductivity between 10−4–100 S/m and 10−8–10−3 S/sq, respectively. The volume and surface electrical conductivity considerably diminished after 3D printing. They increased when using higher printing layer thickness and width and were ranging between 10−7–10−4 S/m and 10−8–10−5 S/sq, respectively. This is attributed to the higher cross section area of the individual printed lines. The effect of different post processing (acetone vapor polishing, plasma and neosanding, which is a novel finishing process) on 3D printed parts in morphology and surface electrical conductivity was also analyzed.

32

Guo, Cheng, Xiaohua Liu, and Guang Liu. "Surface Finishing of FDM-Fabricated Amorphous Polyetheretherketone and Its Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composite by Dry Milling." Polymers 13, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 2175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13132175.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

In recent years, many investigations have been devoted to fused deposition modeling (FDM) of high-performance polymer-polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and carbon-fiber-reinforced PEEK (CF/PEEK) for biomedical and aerospace applications. However, the staircase effect naturally brought about by FDM restricts further applications of 3D-printed PEEK and its composites in high-temperature molds, medical implants, and precision components, which require better or customized surface qualities. Hence, this work aimed to reduce the staircase effect and improve the surface quality of 3D-printed PEEK and CF/PEEK parts by dry milling of the fluctuant exterior surface. The co-dependency between 3D printing parameters (raster angle and layer thickness) and milling parameters (depth of cut, spindle speed, and feed rate per tooth) were investigated through experiments. The difference in removal mechanisms for PEEK and CF/PEEK was revealed. It was confirmed that the smearing effect enhanced the surface quality based on the morphology analysis and the simulation model. Both the raster angle of +45°/−45° and the small layer thickness could improve the surface quality of these 3D-printed polymers after dry milling. A large depth of cut and a large feed rate per tooth were likely to deteriorate the finished polymer surface. The spindle speed could influence the morphologies without significant changes in roughness values. Finally, a demonstration was performed to verify that dry milling of 3D-printed amorphous PEEK and CF/PEEK parts could lead to a high surface quality for critical requirements.

33

Chen, Jian-Ming, Yuan-Yun Tseng, Demei Lee, Yu-Ting Lin, Sheng-Han Lin, Tan-Yu Lee, Shih-Jung Liu, and Hiroshi Ito. "A Robust Experimental Model to Explore the Three-Dimensional Printing of Polylactide Parts: Solution versus Melt Extrusion." Applied Sciences 10, no. 2 (January 10, 2020): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10020509.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a simple and versatile process for producing parts of complex geometries. Although the process possesses several manufacturing advantages, such as rapid prototyping, customization, and complexity, the optimization of the 3D printing procedure remains a challenge. Here we explore the influences of various processing conditions on the mechanical properties of melt extrusion- and solution extrusion-printed polylactide (PLA) products by adopting a robust experimental design model. In addition to the commercially available melt extrusion 3D printer, a novel solution-type 3D printer has been exploited especially for this study, which consists of a solution-type plunger-actuated feeding system, stepper motors and motion components, a power supply unit, a print bed, a user interface, and connectivity. The effects of various parameters were investigated by adopting a robust experimental design. We compared the parts printed using the melt extrusion and solution extrusion methods and found that, in the melt extrusion printing, the print speed and fill density were the principal parameters affecting product quality, while in the solution extrusion printing, oven temperature, fill density, and PLA/dichloromethane (DCM) ratio were the key parameters. By scanning electron microscopy, we found that the melt extrusion-printed parts exhibit a strip-like microstructure and the solution extrusion-printed parts show a fused surface morphology. Due to the addition of solvent, the solution-printed PLA material show a different thermal profile in the differential scanning calorimeter analysis, which in turn affects the mechanical behaviour of printed parts.

34

Zhang, Haiguang, Di Liu, Tinglong Huang, Qingxi Hu, and Herfried Lammer. "Three-Dimensional Printing of Continuous Flax Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites by Five-Axis Machine." Materials 13, no. 7 (April 3, 2020): 1678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071678.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

A method for printing continuous flax fiber-reinforced plastic (CFFRP) composite parts by five-axis three-dimensional (3D) printer, based on fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology, has been developed. FFF printed parts usually need supporting structures, have a stair step effect, and unfavorable mechanical properties. In order to address these deficiencies, continuous natural fiber prepreg filaments were first manufactured, followed by curved path planning for the model for generation of the G-code, and finally printed by a five-axis 3D printer. The surface quality of printed parts was greatly improved. The tensile strength and modulus of CFFRP increased by 89% and 73%, respectively, compared with polylactic acid (PLA) filaments. The flexural strength and modulus of the 3D-printed CFFRP specimens increased by 211% and 224%, respectively, compared with PLA specimens. The maximal curved bending force load and stiffness of the 3D-printed CFFRP specimens increased by 39% and 115%, respectively, compared with the flat slicing method. Advanced light structures, such as leaf springs, can be designed and manufactured by taking advantage of the favorable properties of these composites, which endow them with significant potential for application in the field of automobiles.

35

Luo, Yangyang, Ahmed Humayun, and David K. Mills. "Surface Modification of 3D Printed PLA/Halloysite Composite Scaffolds with Antibacterial and Osteogenic Capabilities." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (June 8, 2020): 3971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113971.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques have received considerable focus in the area of bone engineering due to its precise control in the fabrication of complex structures with customizable shapes, internal and external architectures, mechanical strength, and bioactivity. In this study, we design a new composition biomaterial consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) loaded with zinc nanoparticles (PLA+H+Zn). The hydrophobic surface of the 3D printed scaffold was coated with two layers of fetal bovine serum (FBS) on the sides and one layer of NaOH in the middle. Additionally, a layer of gentamicin was coated on the outermost layer against bacterial infection. Scaffolds were cultured in standard cell culture medium without the addition of osteogenic medium. This surface modification strategy improved material hydrophilicity and enhanced cell adhesion. Pre-osteoblasts cultured on these scaffolds differentiated into osteoblasts and proceeded to produce a type I collagen matrix and subsequent calcium deposition. The 3D printed scaffolds formed from this composition possessed high mechanical strength and showed an osteoinductive potential. Furthermore, the external coating of antibiotics not only preserved the previous osteogenic properties of the 3D scaffold but also significantly reduced bacterial growth. Our surface modification model enabled the fabrication of a material surface that was hydrophilic and antibacterial, simultaneously, with an osteogenic property. The designed PLA+H+Zn may be a viable candidate for the fabrication of customized bone implants.

36

Rosa-Ortiz, Sabrina M., Kishore Kumar Kadari, and Arash Takshi. "Low Temperature Soldering Surface-Mount Electronic Components with Hydrogen Assisted Copper Electroplating." MRS Advances 3, no. 18 (2018): 963–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.641.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

ABSTRACTCopper growth for the development of electroplating technique as a low-temperature soldering procedure represents a useful method for the formation of metal deposits, allowing modification of the thickness and morphology of the soldering joints. The approach is particularly useful for soldering electronic components to a plastic 3D printed substrate. To accelerate the soldering process hydrogen assisted electroplating (HAE) method was employed at room temperature. The experiments were designed by making a small electrochemical cell around the gap on a printed circuit board (PCB) or a 3D printed conductive track. During the experiment, water electrolysis was observed, which released hydrogen bubbles. The hydrogen bubbles caused the structure of the electroplated layer to be more porous, but with a similar conductivity as solid copper and a remarkable mechanical strength suitable for use as interconnects on an electronic circuit. Our electrochemical data and video recorded images show a fast and reliable copper electrodeposition in less than 1 minute. The morphology of copper deposits on a 3D printed structure was studied with the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A reliable soldering process was demonstrated for a surface mount light emitting diode (LED) on a PCB. Further experiments are required to optimize the soldering process for faster and more reliable electroplating, particularly for 3D printed substrates.

37

Mizera, Ales, Martin Bednarik, Martin Mizera, Katarina Tomanova, and Martin Mohorko. "Tensile impact behaviour of 3D printed parts on FFF/FDM printer Zortrax M200." MATEC Web of Conferences 210 (2018): 04049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821004049.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

To obtain the deeper knowledge about the mechanical behaviour of 3D printed polymeric materials it is necessary to study the material properties from the beginning to the end. The commonly processed polymeric materials (via injection moulding etc.) are already deeply studied and evaluated, but 3D printed specimens in the various orientation build are not yet. In this study the tensile impact test specimens were fabricated via a desktop material extrusion 3D printer Zortrax M200 processing ABS and HIPS in build orientation XY. The 3D printed tensile impact test specimens were examined to compare the effect of layer thickness. Impact pendulum Zwick HIT50P was used for tensile impact tests according to ISO 8256 standard. Optical microscopy was utilized to perform fractography on impact test specimens to explore the effect of the layer thickness on the fracture surface morphology of the failed specimens. This study demonstrates the need for material testing for specific processing as additive manufacturing technologies.

38

Vardhan Rai, Harsh, Yashwant Kumar Modi, and Ashay Pare. "Process parameter optimization for tensile strength of 3D printed parts using response surface methodology." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 377 (June 2018): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/377/1/012027.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

39

Cersoli, Trenton, Alexis Cresanto, Callan Herberger, Eric MacDonald, and Pedro Cortes. "3D Printed Shape Memory Polymers Produced via Direct Pellet Extrusion." Micromachines 12, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12010087.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are materials capable of changing their structural configuration from a fixed shape to a temporary shape, and vice versa when subjected to a thermal stimulus. The present work has investigated the 3D printing process of a shape memory polymer (SMP)-based polyurethane using a material extrusion technology. Here, SMP pellets were fed into a printing unit, and actuating coupons were manufactured. In contrast to the conventional film-casting manufacturing processes of SMPs, the use of 3D printing allows the production of complex parts for smart electronics and morphing structures. In the present work, the memory performance of the actuating structure was investigated, and their fundamental recovery and mechanical properties were characterized. The preliminary results show that the assembled structures were able to recover their original conformation following a thermal input. The printed parts were also stamped with a QR code on the surface to include an unclonable pattern for addressing counterfeit features. The stamped coupons were subjected to a deformation-recovery shape process, and it was observed that the QR code was recognized after the parts returned to their original shape. The combination of shape memory effect with authentication features allows for a new dimension of counterfeit thwarting. The 3D-printed SMP parts in this work were also combined with shape memory alloys to create a smart actuator to act as a two-way switch to control data collection of a microcontroller.

40

Yang, Huadong, Fengchao Ji, Zhen Li, and Shuai Tao. "Preparation of Hydrophobic Surface on PLA and ABS by Fused Deposition Modeling." Polymers 12, no. 7 (July 12, 2020): 1539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071539.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

In the fields of agriculture, medical treatment, food, and packaging, polymers are required to have the characteristics of self-cleaning, anti-icing, and anti-corrosion. The traditional preparation method of hydrophobic coatings is costly and the process is complex, which has special requirements on the surface of the part. In this study, fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technology with design and processing flexibility was applied to the preparation of hydrophobic coatings on polylactic acid (PLA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) parts, and the relationship between the printing process parameters and the surface roughness and wettability of the printed test parts was discussed. The experimental results show that the layer thickness and filling method have a significant effect on the surface roughness of the 3D-printed parts, while the printing speed has no effect on the surface roughness. The orthogonal experiment analysis method was used to perform the wettability experiment analysis, and the optimal preparation process parameters were found to be a layer thickness of 0.25 mm, the Grid filling method, and a printing speed of 150 mm/s.

41

Sciammarella, Federico. "An optical approach to accurately determine surface finish for additive manufacturing." Rapid Prototyping Journal 24, no. 2 (March 12, 2018): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-02-2017-0037.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Purpose The paper aims to highlight the importance of having an optical method that can accurately measure the surface finish of 3D printed parts and the influence this has on the total volume of the build. Design/methodology/approach The paper describes the application of digital moiré to the determination of the surface finish of 3D printed parts. Findings This study shows that surface roughness plays an important role in the volumetric analysis. There was an increase of 7 per cent from the total volume of the original CAD drawing; in total, there was 19 per cent more material deposited. Research limitations/implications This methodology provides a robust tool for future research in the area of geometrical verification and optimization in addition to the potential use for residual stress determination. Practical implications This study shows that process optimization can be carried out more efficiently, and it is possible to determine the efficiency of an AM process by directly correlating the processing parameters and accurately comparing the prescribed CAD dimensions/volume to that of the as built part. Social implications By reducing the amount of waste through process optimization, this leads to a reduced consumption of energy which can have a major impact on the environment. Originality/value This paper fulfills the need for high accuracy volumetric measurement of 3D printed components.

42

Alsoufi, Mohammad, and Abdulrhman Elsayed. "Quantitative analysis of 0% infill density surface profile of printed part fabricated by personal FDM 3D printer." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1 (January 6, 2018): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.8345.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Fused deposition modeling or FDM technology is an additive manufacturing (AM) technology commonly used for prototyping applications which suffer seriously from low levels of fluctuated surface finish quality, demanding some hand ﬁnishing tool for even the necessary levels of 3D printed parts. This paper, therefore, aims at giving close attention to the variation in the surface roughness profile between the inner and the outer faces of FDM 3D printed parts based on advanced polylactic acid (PLA+) thermoplastic filament material. The surface roughness is quantitatively analyzed using a contact-type test-rig with a 90° angle measurement on each face along with each zone and sub-zone. The obtained results revealed that the surface finish of the inner faces is rougher than those of the outer faces as regards nozzle temperature, nozzle diameter, infill density and layer height is 220°C, 0.5 mm, 0% and 0.3 mm, respectively. The personal FDM 3D printer is thus confirmed to be an excellent platform, flexible, straightforward and cost-effective.

43

Pagac, Marek, David Schwarz, Jana Petru, and Stanislav Polzer. "3D printed polyurethane exhibits isotropic elastic behavior despite its anisotropic surface." Rapid Prototyping Journal 26, no. 8 (June 26, 2020): 1371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-02-2019-0027.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Purpose Mechanical properties testing of the hyperelastic thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) produced by the continuous digital light processing (CDLP) method of additive manufacturing. Primarily, this paper aims to verify that 3D printed TPU still satisfies commonly assumed volumetric incompressibility and material isotropy in elastic range. The secondary aim is to investigate the accuracy and reproducibility of the CDLP method. Design/methodology/approach Cylindrical samples were printed and subjected to a volumetric compression test to reveal their bulk modulus K and maximal theoretical porosity (MTP). Dog bone specimens were oriented along different axes and printed. Their dimensions were measured, and they were subjected to cyclic uniaxial tests up to 100% strain to reveal the level of stress softening and possible anisotropy. The hyperelastic Yeoh model was fitted to the mean response. Findings The authors measured the bulk modulus of K = 1851 ± 184 MPa. The mean MTP was 0.9 ± 0.5%. The mean response was identical in both directions and the data could be fitted by the isotropic third order Yeoh function with R^2 = 0.996. The dimensions measurement revealed the largest error (above 5%) in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the digital light projection while the dimensions in other two dimensions were much more accurate (0.75 and 1%, respectively). Practical implications The TPU printed by CDLP can be considered and modelled as isotropic and practically volumetrically incompressible. The parts in the printing chamber should be positioned in a way that the important dimensions are not parallel to the direction of the digital light projection. Originality/value The authors experimentally confirmed the volumetric incompressibility and mechanical isotropy of the TPU printed using the CDLP method.

44

Yang, Teng-Chun, and Chin-Hao Yeh. "Morphology and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Wood Fiber/Polylactic Acid Composite Parts Using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM): The Effects of Printing Speed." Polymers 12, no. 6 (June 11, 2020): 1334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12061334.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

In this study, a wood fiber/polylactic acid composite (WPC) filament was used as feedstock to print the WPC part by means of fused deposition modeling (FDM). The morphology and mechanical properties of WPC parts printed at different speeds (30, 50, and 70 mm/s) were determined. The results show that the density of the printed WPC part increased as the printing speed decreased, while its surface color became darker than that of parts printed at a high speed. The printing time decreased with an increasing printing speed; however, there was a small difference in the time saving percentage without regard to the dimensions of the printed WPC part at a given printing speed. Additionally, the tensile and flexural properties of the printed WPC part were not significantly influenced by the printing speed, whereas the compressive strength and modulus of the FDM-printed part significantly decreased by 34.3% and 14.6%, respectively, when the printing speed was increased from 30 to 70 mm/s. Furthermore, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) illustrated that the FDM process at a high printing speed produced an uneven surface of the part with a narrower width of printed layers, and pull-outs of wood fibers were more often observed on the fracture surface of the tensile sample. These results show that FDM manufacturing at different printing speeds has a substantial effect on the surface color, surface roughness, density, and compressive properties of the FDM-printed WPC part.

45

Rubies, Elena, and Jordi Palacín. "Design and FDM/FFF Implementation of a Compact Omnidirectional Wheel for a Mobile Robot and Assessment of ABS and PLA Printing Materials." Robotics 9, no. 2 (May 28, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics9020043.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

This paper proposes the design and 3D printing of a compact omnidirectional wheel optimized to create a small series of three-wheeled omnidirectional mobile robots. The omnidirectional wheel proposed is based on the use of free-rotating passive wheels aligned transversally to the center of the main wheel and with a constant separation gap. This paper compares a three inner-passive wheels design based on mass-produced parts and 3D printed elements. The inner passive wheel that better combines weight, cost, and friction is implemented with a metallic ball bearing fitted inside a 3D printed U-grooved ring that holds a soft toric joint. The proposed design has been implemented using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and tough polylactic acid (PLA) as 3D printing materials in order to empirically compare the deformation of the weakest parts of the mechanical design. The conclusion is that the most critical parts of the omnidirectional wheel are less prone to deformation and show better mechanical properties if they are printed horizontally (with the axes that hold the passive wheels oriented parallel to the build surface), with an infill density of 100% and using tough PLA rather than ABS as a 3D printing material.

46

Palo, Mirja, Sophie Rönkönharju, Kairi Tiirik, Laura Viidik, Niklas Sandler, and Karin Kogermann. "Bi-Layered Polymer Carriers with Surface Modification by Electrospinning for Potential Wound Care Applications." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 12 (December 12, 2019): 678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11120678.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Polymeric wound dressings with advanced properties are highly preferred formulations to promote the tissue healing process in wound care. In this study, a combinational technique was investigated for the fabrication of bi-layered carriers from a blend of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA). The bi-layered carriers were prepared by solvent casting in combination with two surface modification approaches: electrospinning or three-dimensional (3D) printing. The bi-layered carriers were characterized and evaluated in terms of physical, physicochemical, adhesive properties and for the safety and biological cell behavior. In addition, an initial inkjet printing trial for the incorporation of bioactive substances for drug delivery purposes was performed. The solvent cast (SC) film served as a robust base layer. The bi-layered carriers with electrospun nanofibers (NFs) as the surface layer showed improved physical durability and decreased adhesiveness compared to the SC film and bi-layered carriers with patterned 3D printed layer. Thus, these bi-layered carriers presented favorable properties for dermal use with minimal tissue damage. In addition, electrospun NFs on SC films (bi-layered SC/NF carrier) provided the best physical structure for the cell adhesion and proliferation as the highest cell viability was measured compared to the SC film and the carrier with patterned 3D printed layer (bi-layered SC/3D carrier). The surface properties of the bi-layered carriers with electrospun NFs showed great potential to be utilized in advanced technical approach with inkjet printing for the fabrication of bioactive wound dressings.

47

Das, Sai Charan, Rajesh Ranganathan, and Murugan N. "Effect of build orientation on the strength and cost of PolyJet 3D printed parts." Rapid Prototyping Journal 24, no. 5 (July 9, 2018): 832–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-08-2016-0137.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Purpose The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of build orientation on the tensile properties of PolyJet 3D printed parts. Effects on manufacturing time and total cost per part are the secondary objectives. Design/methodology/approach Solid tensile specimens were prepared as per the American Society for Testing and Materials D638 standards and were manufactured in six different orientations by using the Objet260 Connex 3D printer. VeroWhitePlus RGD835 was used as the build material, with FullCure 705 as the support material. The specimens were tested for their tensile strength and elongation. The side surface and the fracture surface were analyzed using the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope-SIGMA HV-Carl Zeiss with Bruker Quantax 200-Z10 EDS detector. Scanning electron microscope images of each surface were obtained at various magnifications. Findings From the study, it can be concluded that build orientation has an influence on the tensile strength and the manufacturing cost of the parts. The microstructural analysis revealed that the orientation of surface cracks/voids may be the reason for the strength. Originality/value From literature survey, it is inferred that this study is sure to be among the first few under this topic. These results will help engineers to decide upon the right build orientations with respect to print head so that parts with better mechanical properties can be manufactured.

48

Saniei, Hadi, and Sayedali Mousavi. "Surface modification of PLA 3D-printed implants by electrospinning with enhanced bioactivity and cell affinity." Polymer 196 (May 2020): 122467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122467.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

49

Zhang, Hao, Richard Chiang, Haifeng Qin, Zhencheng Ren, Xiaoning Hou, Dong Lin, Gary L. Doll, Vijay K. Vasudevan, Yalin Dong, and Chang Ye. "The effects of ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification on the fatigue performance of 3D-printed Ti64." International Journal of Fatigue 103 (October 2017): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2017.05.019.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

50

Jain, Shubham, Mohammed Ahmad Yassin, Tiziana Fuoco, Hailong Liu, Samih Mohamed-Ahmed, Kamal Mustafa, and Anna Finne-Wistrand. "Engineering 3D degradable, pliable scaffolds toward adipose tissue regeneration; optimized printability, simulations and surface modification." Journal of Tissue Engineering 11 (January 2020): 204173142095431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041731420954316.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

We present a solution to regenerate adipose tissue using degradable, soft, pliable 3D-printed scaffolds made of a medical-grade copolymer coated with polydopamine. The problem today is that while printing, the medical grade copolyesters degrade and the scaffolds become very stiff and brittle, being not optimal for adipose tissue defects. Herein, we have used high molar mass poly(L-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate) (PLATMC) to engineer scaffolds using a direct extrusion-based 3D printer, the 3D Bioplotter®. Our approach was first focused on how the printing influences the polymer and scaffold’s mechanical properties, then on exploring different printing designs and, in the end, on assessing surface functionalization. Finite element analysis revealed that scaffold’s mechanical properties vary according to the gradual degradation of the polymer as a consequence of the molar mass decrease during printing. Considering this, we defined optimal printing parameters to minimize material’s degradation and printed scaffolds with different designs. We subsequently functionalized one scaffold design with polydopamine coating and conducted in vitro cell studies. Results showed that polydopamine augmented stem cell proliferation and adipogenic differentiation owing to increased surface hydrophilicity. Thus, the present research show that the medical grade PLATMC based scaffolds are a potential candidate towards the development of implantable, resorbable, medical devices for adipose tissue regeneration.

Статті в журналах з теми "Surface modification of 3D printed parts"

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями