Дисертації з теми "Terrain types"
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1
Grousset, Isabelle. "Optimisation de trajectoires de véhicule sur tous types de terrain." Bordeaux 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR10580.
Анотація:
La trajectoire optimale d'un vehicule sur un terrain quelconque est determinee en resolvant un modele d'hamilton jacobi, avec vitesses non isotropes. La methode construit des courbes isovaleurs en fonction d'un critere d'optimisation operationnel, local, hybride (temps/consommation). Ces courbes sont solutions d'un systeme hyperbolique degenere que l'on resout grace a des schemas originaux (volumes finis, schemas compacts). Les applications realisees a l'aide d'un code numerique nouveau sont tres generales: sol montagneux, couplage avec le reseau routier, obstacles, cibles multiples ou en mouvement, robot, etc
2
Hofmeyr, Melanie Kemp. "Modified simplification of HDM-4 methodology for the calculation of vehicle operating cost to incorporate terrain and expanded to all vehicle types for use in the Western Cape context F HDM-4 METHODOLOGY FOR THE CALCULATION OF VEHICLE OPERATING COST TO INCORPORATE TERRAIN AND EXPANDED TO ALL VEHICLE TYPES FOR USE IN THE WESTERN CAPE CONTEXT." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96824.
Анотація:
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION The Western Cape Government (WCG) uses Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) as part of their Road Management System since 1992. VOC is used in the process of prioritisation of maintenance projects as well as for the identification of economically viable maintenance strategies and is thus an integral part of the system. In 2001 changes to the VOC calculation methodology in the system to Highway Development and Management (HDM-4) system methodology occurred. The reasons were twofold – to bring the calculation method in line with world trends and due to lack of updated cost factors used in the previous methodology. In October 2001 a model was implemented with riding quality (IRI) as independent variable. This model was partly based on regression table data. As no geometric/topography data, defined as Terrain data, was available at this stage, Terrain was ignored. In 2006 WCG Systems were updated with Global Positioning System (GPS) data and a process to classify or categorise Terrain was initiated, thus providing the opportunity to include Terrain. As part of the redevelopment to include Terrain, it was decided to re-evaluate the vehicle fleet. METHODOLOGY Various alternative methods to develop the Modified Simplification equations were available and evaluated, e.g. regression or direct mathematical substitution. HDM-4 requires the input of Vehicle Type dependent cost parameters that is based on real vehicles. The WCG required that changes to these dependent parameters is feasible, so that they can be updated periodically. A set of equations therefore needed to be developed, allowing the input of Vehicle Type dependent parameters and the subsequent calculation of VOC with riding quality (IRI) as independent variable. This renders the use of regression analysis untenable. Composition of the vehicle fleet on each road section is required to utilise HDM-4 for analyses. In order to simplify calculations, different traffic strata was defined, i.e. Business, Commuter, Rural and General. In the evaluation of the Vehicle it is this strata and data from permanent counting stations that is used to compile a Vehicle fleet. MODEL DEVELOPMENT The Modified Simplification to include Terrain results in 48 combinations of Vehicle Type, Surface Type and Terrain Type for the basic equation of VOC. VOC = TCav + PARTSCOST + LABOURCOST +DEPCSTav ( )´ Length of road segment 1000 +(FuelCostav +OilCostav )´ Length of road segment av TC -Tyre Cost PARTSCOST -Parts Cost LABOURCOST - Labour Cost av DEPCST - Depreciation Cost av FuelCost -Fuel Cost av OilCost - Oil Cost The variables in VOC are defined by a couple of equations. For explanatory purposes a numeric example is presented. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION The implementation of this Modified Simplification has assisted not only the WCG, but also other entities, that also use the VOC (published annually) based on these principles. Interested parties have the option to include Terrain in their implementation. Caution should be taken when using the Modified Simplification, as it is important that the principles used to simplify HDM-4 apply to the implementation and the business rules of the Management system of the user. The current development will not require a redevelopment due to any vehicle fleet change in future as the decision to simplify all defined Vehicle Types in HDM-4 allows the new fleet to be updated. Recommendation for further research and development include: • Standalone function that is already considered by the WCG • Investigating Published Vehicle data • Economic vehicle data for use in specific applications
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: INLEIDING Sedert 1992 gebruik die Wes-Kaapse Regering (WCG) voertuiggebruikskoste (VOC) as deel van hul Plaveisel Bestuurstelsels. VOC word gebruik in die proses van prioritisering van die instandhoudingprojekte sowel as vir die identifisering van ekonomies-vatbare instandhouding-strategieë en is dus 'n integrale deel van die stelsel. In 2001 is daar besluit om oor te skakel na die berekeningsmetode van Highway Development and Management (HDM-4). Die redes was tweeledig – om die berekeningsmetode in lyn met die wêreld tendense te bring; en as gevolg van 'n gebrek aan opgedateerde koste-faktore in die voorheen-gebruikte metode. In Oktober 2001 is 'n VOC-model, met rygehalte (IRI) as onafhanklike veranderlike geïmplementeer. Hierdie model was gedeeltelik gebaseer op regressie tabel data. Aangesien daar geen geometriese/topografiese data (gedefiniëer as terreindata) beskikbaar was nie, is die terrein geïgnoreer. In 2006 is WCG Stelsels opgedateer met Globale Positionering Stelsel (GPS) data en 'n proses om terrein te klassifiseer is van stapel gestuur. Deur die verandering in beskikbare data, is die geleentheid om terrein in te sluit in die VOC model geskep. As deel van die insluiting van herontwikkeling om terrein in te sluit, is daar besluit om die voertuigvloot te her-evalueer. METODOLOGIE Verskeie alternatiewe metodes om die Gewysigde Vereenvoudiging-vergelykings te ontwikkel was beskikbaar en is geëvalueer, bv. regressie of direkte wiskundige vervanging en vereenvoudiging. HDM-4 se voertuigafhanklike koste-parameters is op werklike voertuie gebaseer. Die WCG het vereis dat hierdie afhanklike parameters veranderbaar moet wees, sodat hulle dit van tyd tot tyd kan opdateer. Dit was dus nodig om 'n stel vergelykings te ontwikkel met die tipe voertuigkosteafhanklike parameters as insette. Verder moes alle vergelykings weer in terme van rygehalte wees. Dit maak die gebruik van regressie-analise ononderhoubaar. Samestelling van die voertuigvloot op elke padseksie is 'n vereiste om HDM-4 aan te wend vir ontledingsdoeleindes. Ten einde berekeninge te vereenvoudig is verskillende verkeerstrata gedefinieer, naamlik Besigheid, Pendel, Landelik en Algemeen. In die evaluering van die Voertuig is dit hierdie strata en data uit permanente telstasies wat gebruik word om 'n voertuigvloot saam te stel. MODELONTWIKKELING Die Gemodifiseerde Vereenvoudiging, insluitend terrein, het 48 kombinasies van tipe voertuig, oppervlak en terrein vir die basiese vergelyking van VOC: VOC = TCav + PARTSCOST + LABOURCOST +DEPCSTav ( )´ Length of road segment 1000 +(FuelCostav +OilCostav )´ Length of road segment TCav - Bandkoste; PARTSCOST - Onderdele-koste; LABOURCOST - Arbeidskoste; av FuelCost - Brandstofkoste; av DEPCST - Waardeverminderingskoste; av OilCost - Oliekoste Die veranderlikes in VOC word gedefinieer deur 'n paar vergelykings. Vir verduidelikende doeleindes word 'n numeriese voorbeeld ingesluit. GEVOLGTREKKING EN AANBEVELING Die implementering van hierdie Gewysigde Vereenvoudiging het nie net die WCG nie, maar ook ander entiteite wat ook die VOC (jaarliks gepubliseer) gebruik, bygestaan. Belangstellendes het die opsie om die terrein in hul implementering in te sluit. Dit is belangrik om ag te slaan op die beginsels wat gebruik is om HDM-4 te vereenvoudig tesame met die besigheidsreëls van die Gewysigde Vereenvoudiging, indien dit gebruik word. Die huidige model vereis nie 'n herontwikkeling as gevolg van enige voertuigvloot verandering in die toekoms nie. As gevolg van die besluit om alle gedefinieerde tipes voertuig te vereenvoudig, kan die voertuigvloot keuse net in die stelsel opgedateer word. Aanbeveling vir verdere navorsing en ontwikkeling sluit in: • Alleenstaande funksie wat reeds deur die WCG beskou word • Ondersoek Gepubliseerde Voertuig data • Gebruik van Ekonomiese voertuigdata vir sekere toepassings
3
Rafalimanana, Halitiana Joséa. "Evaluation des effets d'insecticides sur deux types d'Hyménoptères auxilliaires des cultures, l'abeille domestique (Apis mellifera L.) et des parasitoïdes de pucerons : études de terrain à Madagascar et de laboratoire en France." Phd thesis, INAPG (AgroParisTech), 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005703.
Анотація:
Les abeilles et les parasitoïdes de pucerons courent le risque d'exposition à des insecticides qui ne leur sont pas destinés. Nos objectifs consistent à évaluer ce risque sur le terrain et à contribuer à mettre au point des tests de toxicité létale et sublétale en laboratoire pour les deux types d'insectes. A Madagascar, nous avons mené une enquête pour déterminer l'impact de pratiques paysannes en matière de protection de cultures d'agrumes sur les abeilles, et une expérimentation en parcelle de choux pour évaluer les effets de traitements insecticides sur les Hyménoptères parasites de pucerons. En France, nous avons déterminé en laboratoire les toxicités aiguës de la deltaméthrine, de la lambda cyhalothrine, du chlorpyriphos éthyle et du pyrimicarbe, pour les abeilles et le parasitoïde de pucerons, Aphidius ervi. Nous avons analysé, chez l'abeille, certaines causes de variabilité des doses létales à 50%. Nous avons également déterminé les effets d'insecticides sur le comportement d'orientation olfactive en olfactomètre chez l'abeille et A. ervi.
A Madagascar, le traitement pendant la floraison existe et les apiculteurs constatent des effets négatifs sur leurs ruches. L'expérimentation en parcelle de chou montre que le traitement insecticide contribue à retarder l'action des Hyménoptères parasites de pucerons.
En laboratoire, la toxicité varie en fonction du mode de pénétration et de la nature des matières actives. Chez l'abeille, les toxicités par ingestion collective et individuelle ne sont pas toujours comparables. L'importance du phénomène de trophallaxie dans cette différence a été précisée. Ainsi, la valeur de DL50 exprimée en ng/abeille dépend des conditions expérimentales. Les abeilles et A. ervi ayant survécu aux traitements insecticides et testés en olfactomètre, ne montrent pas ou peu de changement de comportement d'orientation vis-à-vis de l'odeur utilisée. Par contre, les abeilles recevant des DL20 et DL50 de deltaméthrine ont une capacité locomotrice réduite. Cette perturbation pourrait avoir des effets non négligeables sur les insectes auxiliaires dans un environnement pollué par les insecticides
4
Bafalimanana, Halitiana Josea. "Evaluation des effets d'insecticides sur deux types d'Hyménoptères auxiliaires des cultures, l'abeille domestique (Apis mellifera L. ) et des parasitoi͏̈des de pucerons : études de terrain à Madagascar et de laboratoire en France." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INAP0001.
Анотація:
Les abeilles et les parasitoi͏̈des de pucerons courent le risque d'exposition à des insecticides qui ne leur sont pas destinés. Nos objectifs consistent à évaluer ce risque sur le terrain et à contribuer à mettre au point des tests de toxicité létale et sublétale en laboratoire pour les deux types d'insectes. A Madagascar, nous avons mené une enquête pour déterminer l'impact de pratiques paysannes en matière de protection de cultures d'agrumes sur les abeilles, et une expérimentation en parcelle de choux pour évaluer les effets de traitements insecticides sur les Hyménoptères parasites de pucerons. En France, nous avons déterminé en laboratoire les toxicités aigue͏̈s de la deltaméthrine, de la lambda cyhalothrine, du chlorpyriphos éthyle et du pyrimicarbe, pour les abeilles et le parasitoi͏̈de de pucerons, Aphidius ervi. Nous avons analysé, chez l'abeille, certaines causes de variabilité des doses létales à 50%. Nous avons également déterminé les effets d'insecticides sur le comportement d'orientation olfactive en olfactomètre chez l'abeille et A. Ervi. A Madagascar, le traitement pendant la floraison existe et les apiculteurs constatent des effets négatifs sur leurs ruches. L'expérimentation en parcelle de chou montre que le traitement insecticide contribue à retarder l'action des Hyménoptères parasites de pucerons. En laboratoire, la toxicité varie en fonction du mode de pénétration et de la nature des matières actives. Chez l'abeille, les toxicités par ingestion collective et individuelle ne sont pas toujours comparables. L'importance du phénomène de trophallaxie dans cette différence a été précisée. Ainsi, la valeur de DL50 exprimée en ng/abeille dépend des conditions expérimentales. Les abeilles et A. Ervi ayant survécu aux traitements insecticides et testés en olfactomètre, ne montrent pas ou peu de changement de comportement d'orientation vis-à-vis de l'odeur utilisée. Par contre, les abeilles recevant des DL20 et DL50 de deltaméthrine ont une capacité locomotrice réduite. Cette perturbation pourrait avoir des effets non négligeables sur les insectes auxiliaires dans un environnement pollué par les insecticidesHoneybees and aphid parasitoids may suffer from side effects of insecticides during their beneficial activity. Our objective was the risk assessment of pesticides towards these non target insects in the field and a contribution to the setting up of lethal and sublethal toxicity tests in the laboratory. In Madagascar, we conducted an investigation to define the impact of crop protection farmers' practices on honeybees, and we conducted an experimentation to estimate the effects of a treatment on aphid parasitoids. In France, we determined the acute toxicity of deltamethrin, lambda cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos ethyl and pirimicarb, on the honeybee and on an aphid parasitoid, Aphidius ervi. We analyzed some parameters responsible for the variability of lethal dose 50 (LD50) values. We also investigated the effects of the insecticides on orientation responses of the honeybee and A. Ervi, using a common behavioral test, the four-armed olfactometer. In Madagascar, insecticide treatment can occur during blooming and the farmers have observed negative effects on honeybee colonies. With regard to Hymenopterous parasitoids, we found out that the insecticide treatment contributes to delay their action in experimental cabbage field plots. In laboratory conditions, the toxicity varies according to the exposure route and to the active ingredient. The honeybee oral toxicity differed between collective and individual administration. The role of trophallactic interactions in the distribution of the active ingredient was evaluated. Thus, value of LD50 expressed in ng/bees varies according to the experimental conditions. The honeybees and A. Ervi surviving the insecticide treatments showed no or little effect in their attraction responses in the four-armed olfactometer. On the other hand, in honeybees, LD20 and LD50 of deltamethrin decreased their capability to move. These perturbations might have an important effect on beneficials insects in an environment contaminated by pesticides
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Karlsson, Henrik. "Kvalitetsundersökning och jämförelse av Laserdata NH och Laserdata Skog : Olika terrängtypers inverkan på punktmolnets återgivning av markytan." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84568.
Анотація:
Flygburen laserskanning är en effektiv metod för insamling av höjddata över stora områden och används därför frekvent som underlag till digitala höjdmodeller, både på nationell och regional nivå (Wehr & Lohr 1999). Fördelen med insamlingsmetoden är att de utsända laserpulserna reflekteras på både markytan och objekten ovan mark, exempelvis vegetation, byggnader och liknande. På så vis genereras ett tredimensionellt punktmoln från vilket ytterligare produkter kan genereras. Den uppskattade eller uppmätta kvaliteten hos LiDAR-data gäller generellt för hela skanningsområdet. Men det kan vara av intresse att utföra en mer djupgående analys av kvaliteten för att se hur den skiljer sig mellan olika terrängtyper. På uppdrag av Arvika kommun ska en kvalitetskontroll av Lantmäteriets andra rikstäckande laserskanning ”Laserdata Skog” utföras. I dagsläget arbetar man med Laserdata NH, syftet med studien är således att ge Arvika kommun en mer nyanserad uppfattning av kvaliteten hos Laserdata Skog så att framtida arbeten kan ske på ett tillförlitligt sätt med en djupare förståelse kring datat. En jämförelse med Lantmäteriets första rikstäckande laserskanning ”Laserdata NH” kommer även utföras. Jämförelsen mellan de två laserskanningarna sker främst av ett teoretiskt intresse för att utreda hur stor skillnaden är mellan dem, framtida arbeten med laserdata kommer troligtvis att ske med den nya ”Laserdata Skog”. För att utföra studien tillämpas den tekniska specifikationen SIS-TS 21144:2016 ”Byggmätning – Specifikationer vid framställning och kontroll av digitala markmodeller”. Inmätning av referensdata utfördes med både GNSS-utrustning och totalstation. De terrängtyper som har inkluderats i studien är: asfaltsyta, grusyta, lövskog, barrskog och gräsyta. För varje terrängtyp selekterades 2 provytor för att uppnå en god representation av de enskilda terrängtyperna. För att möjliggöra en koordinatjämförelse mellan laser- och referensdata så interpolerades punktmolnet till en TIN-yta. Resultatet visar att det uppstår differenser mellan Laserdata NH och Laserdata Skog för de statistiska mått som har beräknats. Laserdata NH erhåller förvånansvärt låga avvikelser. En övergripande trend är dock att Laserdata Skog har de lägre avvikelserna. Att fastställa orsakerna till dessa är dock svårt då det finns ett flertal faktorer som spelar in. Sammanfattningsvis erhåller Grusyta det lägsta RMSE-värdet (0,021 m) i Laserdata NH och i Laserdata Skog är det Asfaltsyta (0,017 m). Det högsta RMSE-värdet hittas i Barrskog för både Laserdata NH (0,198 m) och Skog (0,111 m).Airborne laser scanning is an efficient method for collecting elevation data over a large area and is therefore frequently used as a basis for digital elevation models, both on a national and regional level (Wehr & Lohr 1999). The advantage of this data collection method is that the emitted laser pulses are reflected both on the ground surface as well as the objects above it, for example the vegetation, buildings or the like. In this way a three-dimensional point cloud can be created from which further products can be generated. The estimated or measured quality of LiDAR data generally applies for the entire scanning area. But it can be interesting to perform a more in-depth analysis of how the quality differs between different types of terrain. At the request of Arvika municipality a quality survey of Lantmäteriet’s second nationwide laser scanning “Laserdata Skog” will be performed. Work is currently being performed using Laserdata NH, the purpose of this study is thus to give Arvika kommun a more nuanced perception of Laserdata Skog’s quality so that future work can be done in a more reliable way with a deeper knowledge about the data at hand. A comparison between Lantmäteriet’s first nationwide laser scanning “Laserdata NH” will also be performed. The comparison between these two is primarily out of a theoretical interest to examine how the quality differs between them. Future laserdata work will probably be executed using the newer product “Laserdata Skog”. The technical specification SIS-TS 21144:2016 ”Construction measurements – Specifications of production and control of digital terrain models” was applied in the study. Both GNSS-equipment and total station where used in order to collect reference data. The included terrain types are: asphalt, gravel, deciduous forest, coniferous forest and grass. Two areas of interest have been selected for each type of terrain in order to achieve a good representation of each terrain type. In order to perform a coordinate comparison between the laser- and reference data the point cloud from the laserdata was interpolated to a TIN-surface. The results show that there are quality differences between Laserdata NH and Laserdata Skog. Laserdata NH obtains remarkably low deviations. The overall trend is however that Laserdata Skog acquires the lower deviations of the two. Determining the causes of this is difficult, as there are several factors that come in to play. In summary the Gravel terrain type obtains the lowest RMSE-value (0,021 m) for Laserdata NH. The terrain type with the lowest RMSE-value for Laserdata Skog is Asphalt (0,017 m). The highest RMSE-values are found in Coniferous forest for both Laserdata NH (0,198 m) and Laserdata Skog (0,111 m).
6
Boculo, Irina. "Lietuvos kaimo vietovių įvaizdžio formavimo scenarijai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110615_114858-63735.
Анотація:
Magistro studijų baigiamasis darbas, 51 puslapis, 13 paveikslų, 10 lentelių, 47 literatūros šaltiniai, 2 priedai, lietuvių kalba.
PRASMINIAI ŽODŽIAI: kaimo vietovė, vietovės įvaizdis, kaimo vietovės įvaizdis, vietovės įvaizdžio formavimas, vietovės įvaizdžio tipai, vietovės įvaizdžio formavimo vertinimo kriterijai.
Tyrimo objektas – Lietuvos kaimo vietovių įvaizdis.
Tyrimo tikslas – parengti moksliniais tyrimais pagrįstus Lietuvos kaimo vietovių įvaizdžio formavimo scenarijus.
Tyrimo uždaviniai:
1. Išanalizuoti vietovės įvaizdžio formavimo teorinius dėsningumus.
2. Identifikuoti kaimo vietovės įvaizdį formuojančius veikėjus.
3. Atlikti kaimo vietovių įvaizdžio formavimo empirinį tyrimą.
4. Sudaryti Lietuvos kaimo vietovių įvaizdžio formavimo scenarijus.
Tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros, dokumentų analizė, kokybinis vertinimas, loginės analizės ir modeliavimo metodas, sintezė, palyginimas, indukcija, dedukcija, grafinis vaizdavimas.
Tyrimo rezultatai:
Pirmoje darbo dalyje atlikta vietovės įvaizdžio formavimo teorinių dėsningumų analizė ir nustatyta kad kaimo vietovės įvaizdis yra asmens vertinimų kaimo vietovės atžvilgiu ir yra komunikacinio proceso rezultatas. Kaimo vietovės įvaizdžio formavimas gali būti tiesioginis ir netiesioginis. Antroje darbo dalyje, remiantis empiriniu tyrimu ir mokslinės literatūros analize, nustatyti kaimo vietovės įvaizdžio formavimo vertinimo kriterijai ir balai, tinkami analizuoti kaimo vietovės įvaizdžio formavimo priemones, vykdyti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Final work of University Postgraduate Studies, 51 pages, 13 figures, 10 tables, 47 references, 2 appendixes, in Lithuanian. KEY WORDS: countryside, image of terrain, image of countryside, formation of countryside image, types of terrain images, evaluation criteria of terrain image formation. Research object – image of Lithuanian countryside. Research aim – to prepare research-based image formation scenarios for Lithuanian countryside. Objectives: 1. To analyze the theoretical concepts of a terrain image formation; 2. To identify the actors of countryside image formation; 3. To conduct empirical analysis of countryside image formation; 4. To prepare scenarios of Lithuanian countryside image formation. Research methods: analysis and synthesis of literature and documents, qualitative evaluation, comparative analysis, logical analysis and modeling, synthesis, comparison, induction, deduction, graphical representation. Research results: The first part analyzes theoretical concepts of terrain image formation. Image of countryside is the result personal feelings and communication process. Image formation of countryside can be direct and indirect. The second part, on the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical research, establishes criteria and points of countryside image formation evaluation, analysis of countryside image formation tools and control. The third part, on the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical research, proposes four scenarios of Lithuanian... [to full text]
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Caurin, Glauco Augusto de Paula. "Control of walking robots on natural terrain /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=10898.
8
Thüer, Thomas. "Mobility evaluation of wheeled all-terrain robots : metrics and application /." Zürich : ETH, 2009. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18160.
9
Buzzi, Matteo. "Challenges in operational numerical weather prediction at high resolution in complex terrain /." Zürich : ETH, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17714.
10
Eidenbenz, Stephan Eidenbenz Stephan Johannes. "(In-)Approximability of visibility problems on polygons and terrains /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13683.
11
Landl, Barbara Maria. "Investigation of small scale characteristics of the energy balance over snow covered Alpine terrain /." Zürich : ETH, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17116.
12
Andersson, Jan-Olov. "A GIS-based landscape analysis of dissolved organic carbon in boreal headwater streams." Doctoral thesis, Karlstad : Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Biology, Karlstads universitet, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-2925.
13
Orlowski, R. J. "A sedimentological profile of the Pahau Terrane type locality." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7121.
Анотація:
The Pahau Terrane as part of the Torlesse Superterrane extends for over 30% of the New Zealand landmass. Although an unofficial type locality around the Pahau River has been proposed, it has never been adequately described or defined. One of the main goals of this research was to describe in detail the deposits of the Pahau River area in order to define the type locality.
In total ~900m of section was logged describing four lithofacies; mudstone, interbedded mudstone - sandstone, sandstone, and conglomerate. Two formation names and a group name are proposed and intended for widespread use. The Mt Saul Formation is proposed for coarse-grained conglomeratic lithofacies whereas the Ship Spur Formation is proposed for the combined fine-grained sedimentary lithofacies. The Pahau River Group encompasses these formations.
Stratigraphic logs clearly show coarsening and thickening upward, progradational sequences, at the tops of which either highly carbonaceous beds or rootlets can be observed. The bedding in the conglomerate lithofacies are dominated by bedload transport structures including large scale cross stratification, imbrication and clast support. Micro and macrofossil collection suggest a nearshore marine sequence yet rootlets suggest subaerial indicating a range from fully marine to terrestrial depositional environments, making them the only known terrestrial deposits in the
Pahau Terrane. This suggests a fan-delta depositional setting. Very few bi-directional structures were observed, suggesting that these deposits were not influenced by wave reworking and tidal currents to any great degree but are fluvially dominated.
Thin section analysis of fine to medium sandstones suggests a transitional to mixed arc provenance. Measurable indicators suggest a palaeoflow direction towards the east to northeast. These results are similar to previous studies indicating the suitability of the Pahau River area as a type locality for the Pahau Terrane.
14
TIXIER, CELINE. "Photo- et biotransformation de trois herbicides de type phenyluree : structure, synthese et ecotoxicite des intermediaires, etudes sur le terrain." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF22159.
Анотація:
Ce travail porte sur l'etude de la photo- et bio-transformation, en conditions controlees de laboratoire, de trois herbicides de type phenyluree (presentant des substitutions differentes sur le noyau aromatique) : diuron, chlorotoluron et isoproturon. La faible solubilite dans l'eau de ces herbicides leur confere en effet une grande remanence sur le sol, ou ils subissent alors l'action de la lumiere solaire et des micro-organismes. Les essais de phototransformation ont ete realises en milieu aqueux et apres dispersion sur du sable. La biodegradation a ete etudiee avec des micro-organismes commerciaux (banque de souches) ou isoles de sols traites avec des herbicides de type phenyluree. Ces etudes mettent en evidence une disparition des trois herbicides avec formation de composes intermediaires isoles et identifies par ms et rmn. Ces derives ont alors ete synthetises afin de confirmer leur structure mais aussi d'evaluer leur ecotoxicite a l'aide de quatre biotests (test microtox - biotests utilisant deux protozoaires cilies : tetrahymena pyriformis et spirostomum teres). D'apres ces biotests, les produits de degradation paraissent plus toxiques que la molecule mere. Dans le cas du diuron, nous nous sommes donc interesses a leur biotransformation. Afin d'evaluer l'importance dans l'environnement de ces trois herbicides et de la plupart de leurs produits de degradation, nous avons mis au point une methode d'analyse de traces applicable a ces composes. Nous avons ainsi pu analyser des echantillons d'eaux naturelles preleves sur la zone de captage de lac greifensee (collaboration avec eawag - zurich - suisse).
15
Claudeville, Xavier. "Mouvements d'eau dans les sols et sous-sols selon les grands types de terrains, et possibilités de contrôler les apports aux nappes." Bordeaux 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR30006.
Анотація:
L'étude proposée est d'abord une recherche appliquée, en l'occurrence la validation d'un programme d'analyse applicable en routine sur les donnes existantes, avec traitement au pas de temps journalier de 85 bassins versants de 0,2 à 7000 km2 mais d'environ 150 km2 pour la plupart, avec en moyenne trois bassins par type de terrain représentatifs du territoire national ; mais de ce fait il s'agit également d'une recherche fondamentale sur la variabilité spatiale des composantes du cycle hydrologique à l'échelle géographique. La méthode principale mise au point pour cette étude est un programme d'analyse de la structure de l'information entrées-sorties, appliquée à un schéma hydrologique à deux entrées -précipitations et alimentation de nappe - et trois sorties -etr, infiltration profonde, et débits, avec prise en compte du ruissellement, de l'humidité du sol, de la recharge en eau non gravitaire du sol, de l'alimentation de la nappe phréatique par effet piston et transit lent du sol à la nappe, et des remontées capillaires. On utilise les résultats des mesures in situ publiées (par sondes a neutrons, piézomètres, traçages isotopiques) pour juger de la pertinence de la méthode sur cinq bassins expérimentaux, puis en deuxième partie, on teste la sensibilité de l'analyse, la cohérence des données calculées, et le pouvoir explicatif des divers hydro- systèmes ainsi révélés pour les 80 bassins versants de la Dordogne. Les réserves de nappe sont assez bien corrélées avec les volumes des aquifères phréatiques estimés par morphométrie. Des méthodes de modification des taux d'infiltration sont proposées, en 3e partieThis research has a practical object, the validation of an analysis computer program, usable with any existing data, and applied on daily data of 85 catchments of 0. 2 to 7000 skm (but of 150 skm for the most), with three catchments in average per french geological unit; thereby it is also a survey about the spatial variability of the hydrological cycle elements on the geographical scale. The most important method elaborated for this purpose is a computer analysis of a two inputs- three outputs black box, applied on the rainfalls and groundwater inflow for the inputs, and the actual evapotranspiration, groundwater outflow, and runoff for the outputs. The overland flow, soil moisture, inputs into the capillary soil networks, water-table inputs by piston effect or solw transit flow, and capillary rise, are acomputed. The available in-situ measures as neutron probe soil moisture, piezometer elevations and isotopic surveys, are correlated with these computer data for five catchments. In the second part, the 80 catchments of the Dordogne basin are studied by this program, for testing the analysis sensitiveness, the coherence of the computed data, and the explation power of the different hydrogeological systems revelated by this analysis. The hydraulic heads are roughly well correlated with the storavity volumes estimated by morphometric methods. New methods for changing infiltration rates are proposed in the third part
16
Leier, Andrew. "The Cretaceous Evolution of the Lhasa Terrane, Southern Tibet." Diss., Tucson, Ariz. : University of Arizona, 2005. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1340%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.
17
Dion, Amélie. "Les terrace houses dans la ville de Québec ou l'implantation d'un type résidentiel urbain britannique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26718/26718.pdf.
18
Korkuti, Arian. "Ratiocinium in the Architectural Practice of Giuseppe Terragni and its role in the relationship between architecture and the city during the modern movements in Italy." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101842.
Анотація:
The architectural practice of Giuseppe Terragni (1904-1943) takes place during the twentieth century modern social movements, as architecture and urban form follow a major shift in the political conditions, in Italy and beyond. This dissertation is a demonstration of the quest for the rational in the architectural practice of Giuseppe Terragni. Furthermore, it sorts out the role of Terragni's practice in the dichotomous relationships between city and architecture as well as state and project. Initially, it is the obligation of this dissertation to address questions of principles, in order to build a plenum for the relationship between the city and architecture. It traces movements through translation and transformation of architectural impression, in form and type, and its meta in concinnity, in terms of legacy, legitimacy, and the rational in idea.
THESIS. The implicit rational in architecture exists in hierarchical order that allows for it to form unity of the whole that any of its constituents cannot form individually. It should be the architect's duty to fully reconcile all the elements in action – for and against form – in architecture, and demonstrate that the resultant is not a mere compromise but a necessary optimal condition. Therefore, I start with a stance in which I attempt to show how Giuseppe Terragni, in his ratiocinium, explicates the implicit rational in architecture, against the sea of protean political conditions.
Giuseppe Terragni can be understood in his convictions which we may be able to sort out through his words, works, and deeds. In his pursuit of the rational Giuseppe Terragni offers a clue to the time and actions taking place, as if he were to remind us of the Homeric song about the deeds of men with convictions under their destiny and their ironic tragicomedy. Terragni's Danteum is the one instance where destiny seems closer to fulfillment. Dante Alighieri's dream of the glorious empire seems to materialize in the signs of the monarchy and its savior – Mussolini. Since the fascist movement concerns itself with questions of legitimacy that in lineage shifts between histories of origins and middles, the shifting in language plays an important role in the sorting out of factum and verum. Languages that enter into this play shift laterally mainly between Greek, Latin, and Italian. And, at times Dardanian and Proto-Albanian, both Illyrian dialects, enter the play.
METHOD. Many aspects of this inquiry demand specific research methods as shown through the general and specific instances of man's activity as work which results in that which is made (factum) and the pursuit of that which is true (verum). Therefore, method in the sense of search for the way concerning purpose in what is made is conducted through istoria and historiography. Meanwhile, the search for truth, as it does not concern itself with the same scope as factum, requires philosophy as means towards knowledge, to sort out questions regarding truth. This dissertation follows certain Italian philosophers as guides in the pursuit. Not the least among them is Giambattista Vico who proposes that universal laws of development of men and society can be traced through the union between verum and factum. So, verum and factum become characters of the same play. Philology, love for reason, as a subspecies of philosophy, is a means toward knowledge in unraveling of the layers of the rational in the making. Additionally, in this inquiry, I employ analogies, diagrams, ideograms, and images, which demonstrate the quest for the rational in the architectural practice of Giuseppe Terragni.Doctor of Philosophy
The architectural practice of Giuseppe Terragni (1904-1943) takes place during the twentieth century modern social movements, as architecture and urban form follow a major shift in the political conditions, in Italy and beyond. This dissertation is a demonstration of the quest for the rational in the architectural practice of Giuseppe Terragni. Furthermore, it sorts out the role of Terragni's practice in the dichotomous relationships between city and architecture as well as state and project. Initially, it is the obligation of this dissertation to address questions of principles, in order to build a plenum for the relationship between the city and architecture. It traces movements through translation and transformation of architectural impression, in form and type, and its meta in concinnity, in terms of legacy, legitimacy, and the rational in idea. THESIS. The implicit rational in architecture exists in hierarchical order that allows for it to form unity of the whole that any of its constituents cannot form individually. It should be the architect's duty to fully reconcile all the elements in action – for and against form – in architecture, and demonstrate that the resultant is not a mere compromise but a necessary optimal condition. Therefore, I start with a stance in which I attempt to show how Giuseppe Terragni, in his ratiocinium, explicates the implicit rational in architecture, against the sea of protean political conditions. Giuseppe Terragni can be understood in his convictions which we may be able to sort out through his words, works, and deeds. In his pursuit of the rational Giuseppe Terragni offers a clue to the time and actions taking place, as if he were to remind us of the Homeric song about the deeds of men with convictions under their destiny and their ironic tragicomedy. Terragni's Danteum is the one instance where destiny seems closer to fulfillment. Dante Alighieri's dream of the glorious empire seems to materialize in the signs of the monarchy and its savior – Mussolini. Since the fascist movement concerns itself with questions of legitimacy that in lineage shifts between histories of origins and middles, the shifting in language plays an important role in the sorting out of factum and verum. Languages that enter into this play shift laterally mainly between Greek, Latin, and Italian. And, at times Dardanian and Proto-Albanian, both Illyrian dialects, enter the play. METHOD. Many aspects of this inquiry demand specific research methods as shown through the general and specific instances of man's activity as work which results in that which is made (factum) and the pursuit of that which is true (verum). Therefore, method in the sense of search for the way concerning purpose in what is made is conducted through istoria and historiography. Meanwhile, the search for truth, as it does not concern itself with the same scope as factum, requires philosophy as means towards knowledge, to sort out questions regarding truth. This dissertation follows certain Italian philosophers as guides in the pursuit. Not the least among them is Giambattista Vico who proposes that universal laws of development of men and society can be traced through the union between verum and factum. So, verum and factum become characters of the same play. Philology, love for reason, as a subspecies of philosophy, is a means toward knowledge in unraveling of the layers of the rational in the making. Additionally, in this inquiry, I employ analogies, diagrams, ideograms, and images, which demonstrate the quest for the rational in the architectural practice of Giuseppe Terragni.
19
Brossier, Jeremy [Verfasser]. "Geology of the Saturnian moon, Titan : Constraining the surface composition and geological history of the main types of terrains found in the equatorial belt of Titan / Jeremy Brossier." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1176639250/34.
20
Do, Quoc Viet. "Impacts des mouvements de terrains sur une structure type "maison individuelle" : modélisation de l'interaction sol-structure pour l'évaluation de la vulnérabilité du bâti." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1075.
Анотація:
Dans ce travail, les risques naturels considérés concernent des mouvements de terrains qui résultent de deux phénomènes principaux : retrait et gonflement des sols argileux et l'affaissement à grand rayon lié à la présence des cavités souterraines. Ceux-ci provoquent des tassements différentiels du sol qui génèrent des désordres sur les constructions environnantes : dégâts et fissuration des murs porteurs en maçonnerie, particulièrement aux angles du bâti. Ces dégradations structurales induisent des conséquences économiques importantes dans le cas des maisons individuelles ; elles résultent d'un manque de résistance des maçonneries, du peu de raideur de leur système de fondation et du peu d'efficacité de leur système de contreventement. Cette recherche a pour objectif d'analyser la vulnérabilité du bâti et de proposer des méthodes de renforcement pour les constructions existantes ainsi que des recommandations de dimensionnement pour les constructions. Ces questions nécessitent une connaissance approfondie du phénomène des mouvements des terrains et des modalités de transfert de ces actions à une structure. Pour y répondre, quatre étapes principales ont été effectuées : une étude bibliographique, une analyse de l'interaction sol-structure, un développement d'une justification d'endommagement et d'une méthode de renforcement ou de dimensionnement ainsi qu'une analyse probabiliste des risques. L'étude bibliographique avec des analyses fonctionnelles et statistiques, d'abord, propose un profil de la maison sensible à l'aléa naturel et des cas typiques des désordres sur la construction. Le développement des modélisations par éléments finis ensuite permet d'étudier les phénomènes d'interaction sol-structure. L'analyse de l'interaction sol - structure, au moyen de modélisations par éléments finis, permet d'obtenir des sollicitations dans la maçonnerie. D'abord, des modèles analytique et numérique simplifiés ont été développés pour modéliser des structures simples telles une semelle filante, un système de semelles d'une fondation filante ou un mur en maçonnerie sur un sol élastique de type Winkler ou Boussinesq. Ensuite, des modélisations de structures plus complexes avec tous les éléments du bâti ont été effectuées en développant un code aux éléments finis particulier qui a permis de calculer des bâtiments en maçonnerie sur un sol de type Pasternak. En vue de développer une justification d'endommagement ainsi qu'une méthode de renforcement et de dimensionnement adaptée pour risque «mouvement de terrains », les travaux de recherche focalisent sur la distribution des sollicitations obtenues par des modélisations et analysent les domaines de validité de la démarche proposée par les Eurocodes EC6 et EC8 pour les murs de contreventement en maçonnerie confinée (chainée) ou armée. L'analyse probabiliste des risques, couplant les modèles aux éléments finis développés avec la méthode des simulations de Monte-Carlo, a permis d'étudier la vulnérabilité des maisons individuelles selon les caractéristiques structurales représentatives du bâti existant, dans les régions les plus touchées par les mouvements de terrains. Les résultats de cette analyse ont été unifiés, au sein d'une méthodologie globale de l'évaluation de la vulnérabilité de structures, à l'usage, d'une part, des pouvoirs publics dans l'établissement de cartographies SIG des risques, et d'autre part de la capacité des procédés de renforcement à l'usage des industriesIn the present work, the considered natural hazards concern to ground movements resulting from two main phenomena : shrinkage and swelling of clay soils and ground subsidence due to the presence of underground cavities. These phenomena cause differential ground settlements which generate disorders on the structures erected in their neighborhood : damage and cracking of masonry load-bearing walls, especially at the building corners. These structural degradations cause important economic consequences and losses in the case of dwelling houses. These damages result from a lack of masonry resistance or a small stiffness of the foundation system as well as a limited effectiveness of bracing system.This research aims to analyze the vulnerability of buildings and to propose a reinforcement method for the existing constructions as well as design recommendations for structures. These topics require a thorough understanding of the ground movements phenomenon and their transfer as actions on a structure. For this purpose, four main steps were performed : a literature review, an analysis of soil-structure interaction, a development of a damage justification and a method for reinforcement or design, as well as a probabilistic analysis of risk.The literature review with functional and statistical analysis, as a first step, provides a profile of the house susceptible to natural hazard effects and typical cases of building disturbances. The development of finite element method is therefore considered in order to study soil-structure interaction.The analysis of the soil-structure interaction using finite element modeling provides stresses in the masonry. First, simplified analytical and numerical models have been developed for simple structures such as a strip footing, a system of strips foundation or a masonry wall lying on elastic soil (Winkler or Boussinesq). Afterwards, modeling of more complex structures with the whole building elements was made by developing a particular finite element code that allowed the calculation of masonry buildings on a Pasternak soil. To develop a damage justification as well as the reinforcement and design building methods suitable for risk of “ground movements”, this work focuses on the stresses distribution obtained by numerical models and analyzes the validity domain of the approach proposed by Eurocodes EC6 and EC8 for confined masonry or reinforced masonry. By coupling the developed finite element models with the Monte-Carlo method, the probabilistic analysis of risk allows to study the vulnerability of dwelling houses having representative structural characteristics of existing buildings, erected in areas that are the most affected by ground movements. The results of this analysis have been unified into a global methodology for assessing the vulnerability of structures. This methodology is used, in one hand, for the development of GIS mapping of risks and, in other hand, for the reinforcement processes
21
Banerjee, Amlan. "Quantitative models of fluid-rock geochemical interactions Terra rossa formation, Bloomington, Indiana, and Carlin type gold deposits, Nevada /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3380061.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Geological Sciences, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 19, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-12, Section: B, page: 7445. Advisers: Mark A. Person; Enrique Merino.
22
Levine, Steven Joel. "Genesis of typic paleorthids and petrocalcic paleargids on the same fan terrace in the Avra Valley near Tucson, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_414_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
23
Rohais, Sébastien. "Architecture stratigraphique et flux sédimentaires sur la marge Sud du golfe de Corinthe (Grèce) : Analyse de terrain, modélisations expérimentales et numériques (Thèse soutenue le 2 février 2007)." Phd thesis, Rennes 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00154788.
Анотація:
L’objectif de ce travail est de caractériser l’évolution du flux sédimentaire sur la marge sud du golfe de Corinthe, avec un aller-retour entre données de terrain, modélisations expérimentales et modélisations numériques. L’acquisition de données de terrain a permis d’établir l’évolution tectono-sédimentaire du rift de Corinthe dans le contexte climatique et eustatique bien contraint du Plio-Pléistocène. Les simulations numériques stratigraphiques (DIONISOS) ont ensuite permis de valider ce modèle d’évolution, de quantifier les flux sédimentaires et de discuter des facteurs de contrôle de l’architecture stratigraphique à différentes échelles de temps et d’espace. Les modélisations expérimentales ont enfin permis de discuter des facteurs de contrôle des flux sédimentaires et de leurs enregistrements dans les corps sédimentairesThe objective of the present work is to characterize sediment supply dynamics within the Plio-Pleistocene Corinth Rift using an integrated approach based on field observations and analyses, experimental modeling and numerical modeling. Detailed sedimentological, structural and biostratigraphical studies on the southern coast of the rift provide a tectono-stratigraphic model within a well-constrained climatic and eustatic setting. Stratigraphic simulations (DIONISOS) are used to validate this model, to quantify the sediment supply and to discuss the relative role of four controlling factors on stratigraphic architecture (sediment flux, water flux, subsidence, eustasy). Finally, a geomorphological experimental approach has been developed to study the relative role of factors (rainfall, uplift rate. . . . . ) that control sediment supply and their record within the sedimentary signal
24
Maino, Suélen Cristina. "Efeito da cobertura e envoltório no consumo de energia elétrica em aviários de frango de corte." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2018. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3789.
Анотація:
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This study aims to evaluate the impact of different covers and closures of aviaries in the electric energy consumption in these production systems. For this evaluation were selected two aviaries in the dark house type installed in the Western region of Paraná State, the first with a composite material by aluzinc on the upper side with a layer of polyurethane and aluminized film in the lower side, and the second with aluzinc covering with canvas lining, canvas side fence. The two aviaries have dimension of 16x150 meters with approximately 14 chickens per square metre. For the evaluation of temperature and relative humidity inside and outside of the aviaries was used a thermo-hygrometer, while for the evaluation of the surface temperature of the birds was used a thermal imager camera and the electric energy consumption was obtained by through an energy analyzer. So, the effect of thermal comfort on aviaries on birds and the differences in energy consumption in the two aviaries were evaluated. Thus, it was observed that the aviary A1, with thermal insulation on the roof, presented values for internal average temperature, internal average relative humidity and temperature of the bird closest to those considered as ideal, and it was also the aviary A1 that presented lower value for the consumption of electricity registered for the period of seven days during the accommodation.
Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar o impacto de diferentes coberturas e fechamentos de aviários no consumo de energia elétrica nesses sistemas produtivos. Para essa avaliação foram selecionados dois aviários do tipo dark house instalados na região oeste do Estado do Paraná, o primeiro com cobertura de um material composto por aluzinco no lado superior intercalado com uma camada de poliuretano e filme aluminizado no lado inferior, e o segundo com cobertura aluzinco com forração de lona, vedação lateral de lona. Os dois aviários possuem dimensão de 16x150 metros com aproximadamente 14 frangos por metro quadrado. Para a avaliação da temperatura e umidade relativa interna e externa dos aviários foi utilizado um termo-higrômetro, enquanto que para a avaliação da temperatura superficial das aves foi utilizada uma câmera termovisor e o consumo de energia elétrica foi obtido por meio de um analisador de energia elétrica. Assim, foi avaliado o efeito do conforto térmico nos aviários sobre as aves e as diferenças existentes no consumo de energia nos dois aviários. Desse modo, observou-se que o aviário A1, com isolamento térmico na cobertura, apresentou valores para temperatura média interna, umidade relativa média interna e temperatura da ave mais próximas das tidas como ideais, e ainda, foi o aviário A1 que apresentou menor valor para o consumo de energia elétrica registrado para o período de sete dias durante o alojamento.
25
Thomas, Christian M. "Das Verhältnis zwischen Wissenschaft und Kunst in der Architektur : eine Interpretation des Verhältnisses zwischen Wissenschaft und Kunst anhand von drei Fallbeispielen aus der frühen modernen Architektur : in Frankfurt von Ernst May (1927/28), in Pessac von Le Corbusier (1924/25), Wohnblock in Como von Giuseppe Terragni (1928/29) /." Zürich, 1991. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=9359.
26
Benoît, Lionel. "Positionnement GPS précis et en temps-réel dans le contexte de réseaux de capteurs sans fil type Geocube : application à des objets géophysiques de taille kilométrique." Thesis, Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENSU0014/document.
Анотація:
Les réseaux de capteurs permettent une surveillance multi-paramètres de zones d'étendue limitée grâce à la coopération d'un ensemble de récepteurs déployés in-situ qui gèrent l'acquisition, le traitement et le transfert de données. Afin de coupler le concept de réseaux de capteurs et un positionnement précis des récepteurs à l'aide de puces GPS mono-fréquence, l'Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière (IGN) a mis au point le Geocube.La première partie de ce travail a été consacrée au développement d'une stratégie d'acquisition, de transfert et de traitement des données GPS des Geocubes pour permettre un positionnement précis et en temps-réel des récepteurs au sein du réseau. Un traitement utilisant les observations de phase GPS ainsi qu'un filtrage de Kalman a été adopté. Cependant, les séries temporelles de positions brutes sont entachées de l'effet des multitrajets. Diverses méthodes d'atténuation de ce phénomène sont alors proposées. Au final, une précision infra-centimétrique à millimétrique est atteinte.La seconde partie de cette thèse a été consacrée à l'application de réseaux de Geocubes pour l'étude d'objets géophysiques. Deux sites d'étude ont été sélectionnés: le glissement de terrain de Super-Sauze dans la vallée de l'Ubaye et le glacier d'Argentière dans le massif du Mont-Blanc. La dynamique des objets d'intérêt peut alors être étudiée à une échelle infra-journalière grâce à la précision et à la grande résolution temporelle du positionnement des Geocubes. De plus, la densité des réseaux de mesure et leur facilité d'installation permet d'instrumenter la grande majorité des points où un besoin de surveillance est identifiéWireless Sensor Networks (WSN) allow a multi-parameters monitoring of small extend areas thanks to cooperative data acquisition, transfer and processing. In order to combine WSN with a precise positioning of the receivers within the network using single frequency GPS modules, the Geocube has been developed by the French National Institute of Geographic and Forest Information (IGN-France). The first part of this work focused on GPS data management and processing to allow the relative positioning of the Geocubes within a local network. To this end, a processing method customized for Geocube data and WSN environment was developed. It is based on the use of GPS carrier phase double differences and a Kalman filtering. Due to the basic GPS antenna used into the Geocube to minimize its price and its size, multipath affect position time series. Various strategies are proposed for multipath mitigation, and finally a sub-centimeter to millimeter level accuracy is reached for relative positioning depending on measurement conditions.The second part of this work was devoted to the use of Geocube networks for geophysical structures monitoring. Two test sites were selected: the Super-Sauze landslide (Ubaye valley, Alpes de Haute-Provence, France) and the Argentière glacier (Mont-Blanc massif, Haute-Savoie, France). The dynamics of the studied areas was investigated at a sub-daily time scale thanks to the high accuracy and the high time resolution of positioning time series derived from Geocubes. In addition, positioning data were acquired quite everywhere a deformation measurement was needed thanks to the low-cost of Geocubes and their easy set up
27
Lima, Jalman Alves de. "Teoremas Tipo Liouville e Desigualdades Tipo Harnack para Equações Elípticas Semilineares via Método Moving Spheres." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2011. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7400.
Анотація:
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Previous issue date: 2011-06-10Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In this work, we will do some applications of the Moving Spheres method, a variant of the method of Moving Planes, in order to obtain some Liouville-type theorems and some Harnack-type inequalities in Rn, as well as in the Euclidian half space Rn +. Our study focuses on, mostly, in the article written by Yan Yan Li and Lei Zhan [32], as well as some references of the same article. We concentrate in studying some properties of positive solutions of some semilinear elliptic partial differential equations with critical exponent and giving different proofs, improvements, and extensions of some previously established Liouville-type theorems and Harnack-type inequalities.
Neste trabalho, faremos algumas aplicações do método Moving Spheres, uma variante do método Moving Planes, na obtenção de alguns teoremas tipo Liouville e de algumas desigualdades tipo Harnack em Rn, bem como no semi-espaço euclidiano Rn +. Nosso estudo se concentra, marjoritariamente, no artigo do Yan Yan Li e Lei Zhang [32], bem como algumas referências do mesmo. Nos concentramos em estudar propriedades de soluções positivas de algumas equações diferenciais parciais elípticas semilineares com expoente crítico e dar provas diversificadas, refinamentos e extensões de alguns Teoremas tipo Liouville e desigualdades tipo Harnack já estabelecidos.
28
Malet, Jean-Philippe. "Les glissements de type écoulement dans les marnes noires des Alpes du Sud : Morphologie, fonctionnement et modélisation hydro-mécanique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2003/MALET_Jean-Philippe_2003.pdf.
29
Santos, Danielle Furtado dos. "Alinhamento múltiplo de proteínas via algoritmo genético baseado em tipos abstratos de dados." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2008. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/816.
Анотація:
This works presents a new model to the multiple protein alignment problem
using genetic algorithm based on abstract data types - GAADT. This model
uses a structure called chromosome, which is a set of gene that in turn is
composed of basic units called bases. Each chromosome is a possible alignment
of the input sequences and the chromosome fitness is calculated according
with the bases order in alignment. This model is different from other
paradigms of multiple alignment by aligning the input sequences as a whole
instead of a progressive pairwise alignment approach. Some characteristics of
this model concern to the data structure, well-defined genetic operations and
the convergence to a solution close to that found in other tools. The validation
was performed comparing reference alignments of protein families subset with
the results of the model.Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas
Este trabalho apresenta um novo modelo capaz de realizar o alinhamento múltiplo de proteínas utilizando algoritmo genético baseado em tipos abstratos de dados, denominado GAADT, no qual o cromossomo se dispõe em genes que por sua vez é composto de unidades elementares denominadas bases. Cada cromossomo representa um possível alinhamento entre as seqüências de proteínas e a adaptação do cromossomo é calculada conforme as bases se dispõem no alinhamento. O modelo se difere de outros métodos de alinhamento múltiplo por alinhar as seqüências como um todo, avaliando as colunas (genes) que compõem o alinhamento (cromossomo), ao invés de alinhar seqüências duas a duas progressivamente ou hierarquicamente. As potenciais características do modelo dizem respeito a estrutura de dados organizada, operações genéticas bem definidas sobre os tipos modelados e a convergência para uma solução próxima às encontradas por outras ferramentas, apesar desse algoritmo usar uma quantidade menor de conhecimento frente aos algoritmos existentes. A justificativa de que o modelo é válido foi realizada analisando sua performance com alinhamentos referência, utilizando como estudo de caso um subgrupo de famílias de proteínas.
30
Oliveira, Luma Wanderley de. "Framework L para desenvolvedores de mHealth no contexto de self-care e gamificação." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9077.
Анотація:
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This work investigates how gamification is used in health applications that aim to stimulate self-care. There is evidence in the literature indicating that the development of these "gamified" applications does not consider knowledge of the user profile to correctly employ game elements, there are also cases where the use of gamification extrapolates the main purpose of the application, which is to treat of health. This impacts on the inefficient use of this strategy. To overcome this problem, a conceptual gamification framework (method) was developed to be used in mHealth that encourages self-care. In this sense, the L Framework is composed of two dimensions, Self-Care and Gamification, which incorporate some concepts and practices so that an application developer can design his application. At the evaluation stage, the mixed method was used, with questionnaire application and online interview to specialists. The results indicate that the framework is a good initiative to help developers to design the mHealth application, primarily by encouraging engagement. As a secondary result of this research, a systematic review of the literature was developed, with the objective of ascertaining the relationship between self-care and gamification.
Este trabalho investiga como a gamificação é utilizada nas aplicações de saúde que possuem como propósito estimular o self-care. Há evidências na literatura que indicam que o desenvolvimento destas aplicações "gamificadas" não considera o conhecimento do perfil do usuário para empregar corretamente os elementos de jogos, também há casos em que o uso da gamificação extrapola o objetivo principal da aplicação, que é tratar da saúde. Isto acaba impactando na ineficiência da utilização desta estratégia. Para superar esse problema, foi desenvolvido um framework conceitual (método) para que a gamificação seja utilizada em mHealth que incentive self-care. Neste sentido, o Framework L é composto por duas dimensões, Self-Care e Gamificação, que incorporam alguns conceitos e práticas para que um desenvolvedor de aplicações possa projetar sua aplicação. Na etapa de avaliação, foi utilizado o método misto, com aplicação de questionário e entrevista online a especialistas. Os resultados indicam que o framework é uma boa iniciativa para auxiliar desenvolvedores a gamificar a aplicação mHealth, principalmente por estimular o engajamento. Como resultado secundário desta pesquisa, foi desenvolvida uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com objetivo de averiguar a relação entre self-care e gamificação.
31
Coulon, Cécile. "Méthode de caractérisation systémique du fonctionnement de la vigne à partir de l'évaluation des effets combinés du milieu et des pratiques culturales pour prévoir les types de vins." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00989784.
Анотація:
Les viticulteurs doivent adapter leurs pratiques culturales en prenant en compte l'évolution du contexte réglementaire et climatique. La modélisation du système de production viticole peut les y aider. Elle permet la construction d'outils d'aide à la décision pour les viticulteurs et les techniciens de la filière viti-vinicole. Pour les chercheurs et ingénieurs, elle sert aussi de support pour tester des scénarios prospectifs dans le cadre de ce contexte changeant. Dans une approche systémique, la modélisation doit intégrer les facteurs du milieu, les facteurs humains et la qualité des produits, ce qui constitue un enjeu important. Pour répondre à ce dernier, cette thèse a pour objectif de proposer une démarche méthodologique et de la tester. Nous avons élaboré le concept 'd'itinéraire de fonctionnement' qui permet de modéliser le fonctionnement de la vigne dans son milieu, en fonction des effets combinés du sol, du sous-sol, de l'environnement paysager et des pratiques culturales. Ces variables étant de nature différente, et présentant une certaine part d'incertitude, nous avons choisi des méthodes mathématiques appropriées pour les agréger. Ces agrégations se basent sur de la connaissance experte et de l'extraction de connaissance venant des bases de données. Après une caractérisation, les itinéraires de fonctionnement ont été mis en relation avec les types de produit raisin/vin identifiés par des viticulteurs et techniciens. La modélisation et l'application du concept d'itinéraire de fonctionnement s'appuient sur des données recueillies sur des parcelles du vignoble. L'application du concept d'itinéraire de fonctionnement de la vigne, sur des parcelles d'étude, a permis de montrer qu'il était possible de caractériser, de manière simple et opérationnelle, le fonctionnement de la vigne dans son ensemble et de le relier à des types de produit raisin/vin. Les résultats valident une application en deux étapes : dans un premier temps, la caractérisation de variables évaluant le niveau de développement végétatif et la précocité des parcelles, et dans un second temps, l'évaluation de l'impact des conditions d'alimentation hydrique. Les variables de fonctionnement de la vigne peuvent être prédites. Les conditions d'alimentation hydrique le sont en fonction de modèles existants. La méthode proposée pour évaluer la vigueur de la vigne a mis en évidence la présence d'interactions entre les facteurs du milieu et les pratiques culturales. Nos résultats montrent, que lorsque l'ensemble des facteurs sont pris en compte, un modèle basé uniquement sur une connaissance experte et des relations directes issues de la bibliographie ne peut pas être performant pour prédire les variables de fonctionnement. La méthode de modélisation que nous proposons intègre, en plus, l'effet des interactions entre les variables Les résultats de cette étude permettront aux viticulteurs de choisir les pratiques culturales les mieux adaptées aux facteurs du milieu et au type de vin souhaité. Cette méthode est applicable aussi bien pour les zones d'appellation que pour les zones de production de vins génériques.
32
Oliveira, Erichardson Tarocco de. "Campo quântico de Dirac localizado tipo-string." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2010. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5350.
Анотація:
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Como são bem conhecidos; os campos quânticos estudados na TQC satisfazem o princípio de localidade segundo pontos do espaço-tempo. A eles, referem-se como campos que possuam localização do tipo-ponto ou que são puntiformemente localizados. Nesta dissertação, será feita a construção de campos quânticos livre de Dirac, com localização "tipo-string". Em contraste aos campos usuais, que vivem em ponto do espaço-tempo, estes vivem em semi-reta que começa num certo ponto do espaço de Minkowski e se estende até o infinito numa certa direção tipo-espaço. Tal localização é permitida pelos princípios da física quântica relativística, dado que os campos admitem a construção de observáveis locais. O interesse na localização tipo-string deve-se ao fato de ser uma localização menos forte, que implica um comportamento menos singular nas altas energias, apresentado pelos campos quânticos com localização tipo-ponto. Com isso apresentarão um melhor comportamento UV. Com essa localização menos forte, pode-se, então, criar mais modelos interagentes. Campos livres com localização tipo-string já foram obtidos para várias partículas [1, 2], a partir dos quais podem se fazer modelos interagentes . Para construir modelos interagentes vindos do campo livre, deve-se fazer uma análise da função de dois pontos do campo livre correspondente. Tal análise, porém, não será feita nesse trabalho, visto que não é o objetivo do estudo em questão. Nesse trabalho foi construído o campo quântico livre de Dirac com localização tipo-string, em que foram verificadas a equação de Dirac e a relação de covariância. Definiu-se sua densidade de corrente e verificou-se que esta se conserva. Por último, definiu-se a função de dois pontos para localização tipo-string, que pode ser verificada a localidade do campo tipo-string.
As is well known, quantum fields studied in TQC satisfy the second principle of locality of space-time points. To them, refer to fields that have location-point type or that are located punctate. In this dissertation, will be the construction of free quantum fields Dirac, with location-type "string". In contrast to the usual fields, living in space-time point, they live in semi-straight line beginning at a certain point in Minkowski space and extends to infinity in a certain space-like direction. This location is permitted by the principles of relativistic quantum physics, since the fields admit the construction of local observables. The interest in location-string type is due to the fact that a location is less strong, which implies a less singular behavior at high energies, described by quantum fields with point-type location. With this present an improved UV behavior. With this location less strong, we can then create more models interacting. Free fields with location-string type have been obtained for several particles [1, 2], from which they can make interacting models. To build models from the field interacting free, one must make an analysis of the function of two points corresponding free field. This analysis, however, will not be done in this work, since it is not the objective of the study. In this work we construct a quantum field-free Dirac-string type with location, which was verified in the Dirac equation and the ratio of covariance. We defined its current density and found that it is conserved. Finally, we defined the function of two points for location-string type, which can be verified the location of the string-type field.
33
Sarmento, Neto José Ferreira. "Síntese de complexos de Mn(III) à base de porfirinas tricatiônicas do Tipo A3B (A = 2-N-metilpiridinio; B = 3-metoxi-4-hidroxifenil ou 3,4-dimetoxifenil) como potenciais mímicos das enzimas superóxido dismutases (SOD)." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8985.
Анотація:
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The superoxide anion is among the reactive oxygen species closely related to physiopathological states associated with oxidative stress. The physiological superoxide levels are controlled in vivo by the superoxide dismutase enzymes (SOD). Pentacationic Mn porphyrins derived from 2-N-alkylpyridylporphyrins have been explored as potent SOD mimics and efficient redox modulators of oxidative stress. The in vivo efficiency of these compounds is related with their intrinsic catalytic activity, lipophilicity, bioavailability, and toxicity. The present study describes the synthesis of two A3B-type neutral porphyrins of low symmetry (A = 2-pyridyl, B = 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl or 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl), the methylation of these compounds to yield tricationic porphyrins and the preparation of the corresponding tetracationic Mn(III) porphyrins; overall, 8 new compounds are described: 5-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(2-pyridyl)porphyrin (H2VanTri-2-PyP), 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(2-pyridyl)porphyrin (H2MVanTri-2-PyP), 5-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(N-methylpiridinium-2-yl)porphyrin chloride (H2VanTriM-2-PyPCl3), 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(N-methylpiridinium-2-yl)porphyrin chloride (H2MVanTriM-2-PyPCl3), 5-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(2-pyridyl)porphinatomanganese(III) (MnVanTri-2-PyPCl), 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(2-pyridyl)porphinatomanganese(III) chloride (MnMVanTri-2-PyPCl), 5-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(N-methylpiridinium-2-yl)porphinatomanganese(III) chloride (MnVanTriM-2-PyPCl4) and 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(N-methylpiridinium-2-yl)porphinatomanganese(III) chloride (MnMVanTriM-2-PyPCl4). The spectroscopic, electrochemical properties and lipophilicity of all compounds were compared with A4-type 2-N-pyridyl porphyrin analogues. The monocationic compounds MnVanTri-2-PyP+ and MnMVanTri-2-PyP+ showed too low Mn(III)/Mn(II) reduction potential incompatible with superoxide dismuting activity, whereas the tetracationic complexes MnVanTriM-2-PyP4+ and MnMVanTriM-2-PyP4+ showed potential values suitable for the development these compounds as SOD mimics based on structure-activity relationships reported for analogous systems. The lipophilicity of MnVanTriM-2-PyP4+ and da MnMVanTriM-2-PyP4+ suggests promising bioavailability for in vitro and in vivo testing.
O ânion radical superóxido constitui uma das espécies reativas de oxigênio intimamente relacionada a estados fisiopatológicos associados ao estresse oxidativo. Os níveis fisiológicos do superóxido são controlados in vivo pelas enzimas Superóxido Dismutases (SOD). Mn-porfirinas pentacatiônicas derivadas das 2-N-alquilpiridilporfirinas têm se destacado como mímicos potentes das enzimas SOD e, por sua vez, potentes moduladores redox de estresse oxidativo. A eficiência in vivo destes compostos está relacionada à atividade catalítica intrínseca, à lipofilicidade, à biodisponibilidade e à toxicidade. No presente estudo, descreve-se a síntese de 2 porfirinas neutras de baixa simetria do tipo A3B (A = 2-piridil, B = 3-metoxi-4-hidroxifenil ou 3,4-dimetoxifenil), a metilação destes compostos para obtenção de porfirinas tricatiônicas e a preparação das Mn(III) porfirinas tetracatiônicos correspondentes; ao todo são descritos 8 compostos inéditos: 5-(3-metoxi-4-hidroxifenil)-10,15,20-tris(2-piridil)porfirina (H2VanTri-2-PyP), 5-(3,4-dimetoxifenil)-10,15,20-tris(2-piridil)porfirina (H2MVanTri-2-PyP), cloreto de 5-(3-metoxi-4-hidroxifenil)-10,15,20-tris(N-metilpiridinio-2-il)porfirina (H2VanTriM-2-PyPCl3), cloreto de 5-(3,4-dimetoxifenil)-10,15,20-tris(N-metilpiridinio-2-il)porfirina (H2MVanTriM-2-PyPCl3), cloreto de 5-(3-metoxi-4-hidroxifenil)-10,15,20-tris(2-piridil)porfirinatomanganês(III) (MnVanTri-2-PyPCl), cloreto de 5-(3,4-dimetoxifenil)-10,15,20-tris(2-piridil)porfirinatomanganês(III) (MnMVanTri-2-PyPCl), cloreto de 5-(3-metoxi-4-hidroxifenil)-10,15,20-tris(N-metilpiridinio-2-il)porfirinatomanganês(III) (MnVanTriM-2-PyPCl4) e cloreto de 5-(3,4-dimetoxifenil)-10,15,20-tris(N-metilpiridinio-2-il)porfirinatomanganês(III) (MnMVanTriM-2-PyPCl4). As propriedades espectroscópicas, eletroquímicas e de lipofilicidade de todos os compostos foram comparadas com os derivados das 2-N-piridilporfirinas análogas do tipo A4. Os complexos monocatiônicos MnVanTri-2-PyP+ e MnMVanTri-2-PyP+ apresentam potenciais de redução Mn(III)/Mn(II) muito baixos para catalisarem a dismutação do superóxido, enquanto os complexos tetracatiônicos MnVanTriM-2-PyP4+ e MnMVanTriM-2-PyP4+ apresentaram potenciais apropriados para o desenvolvimento de mímicos SOD com base nas relações estrutura-atividade reportadas para sistemas correlatos. A lipofilicidade da MnVanTriM-2-PyP4+ e da MnMVanTriM-2-PyP4+ sugere que os compostos têm biodisponibilidade promissora para testes in vitro e in vivo.
34
Guimarães, Bruno Formiga. "Extensões de Homomorfismos de Subgrupos a Endomorfismos do Grupo." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2010. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7463.
Анотація:
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Previous issue date: 2010-02-09Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Bertholf and Walls provided a characterization for the class of groups quasi-injective finite. Furthermore, Juriaans, Bastos Azevedo and give a rating for the injective type groups, which are a distinct class of the former despite being quite close.
Bertholf e Walls forneceram uma caracterização para a classe de grupos quasi-injetivos finitos. Além disso, Juriaans, Bastos e Azevedo dão uma classificação para os grupos do tipo injetivo, os quais são uma classe distinta da anterior apesar de serem bastante próximas.
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Souza, Thiago Xavier Rocha de. "Propriedades magnéticas do modelo de Hubbard em estruturas tipo FCC." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2012. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5345.
Анотація:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThe study about magnetic properties of strongly correlated electrons has been an problem of interest in physics by the great technological importance of various materials with this characteristic. A well-known theoretical approach, known as the Hubbard model, has been used in an attempt to describe such phenomena. This model considers the interactions and electron mobility in a simplified way for describing phenomena like itinerant magnetism and the metal-insulator transition. In this study were analyzed the thermodynamic clusters properties of structures with fcc lattice symmetry containing 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 sites. An exact numerical diagonalization method was used, where the subspaces of the problem were separatly analyzed and put together on, which is a procedure that reduces the processing data time. In order to improve the diagram of quantum states also carried out a ground state analysis of the clusters, known in the literature and obtained from systems with 4, 5 and 6 sites. On this subject a new diagram was developed showing the quantum states transition using the Lanczos method, applied to clusters with 4 to 8 sites in this case. Finally, a comparison was made between the thermodynamic properties and the results found in the new quantum state diagram. The agreement between them is good.
O estudo de propriedades magnéticas de elétrons fortemente correlacionados tem sido um problema de interesse da física pela grande importância tecnológica de vários materiais com essa característica. Uma famosa abordagem teórica, conhecida como modelo de Hubbard, vem sendo utilizada na tentativa de descrever esse tipo fenômeno. Esse modelo considera interações e a mobilidade eletrônica descrevendo de forma simplificada fenômenos como magnetismo itinerante e transição metal-isolante. Neste trabalho foram analisadas propriedades termodinâmicas de clusters de estruturas com simetria da rede fcc contendo 4, 5, 6, 7 e 8 sítios. Foi utilizado um método de diagonalização numérica exata, onde os subespaços do problema foram analisados separadamente e reunidos posteriormente, procedimento que reduz o tempo de processamento dos dados. Foi também realizada uma análise do estado fundamental dos clusters com o intuito de aprimorar o diagrama de estados quânticos, conhecido na literatura, obtido a partir de sistemas com 4, 5 e 6 sítios. Sobre esse assunto, foi desenvolvido um novo diagrama que indica a transição de estados quânticos a partir da utilização do método de Lanczos, neste caso, aplicado a clusters de 4 a 8 sítios. Por fim, foi feita uma análise comparativa entre as propriedades termodinâmicas e os resultados encontrados no novo diagrama de estados quânticos que mostraram boa coerência entre si.
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Abreu, Cristian Cosmoski Rangel de. "Computação paralela para reduzir o tempo de resposta da mineração de dados agrícolas." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2013. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/162.
Анотація:
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Previous issue date: 2013-04-30Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The objective of this study was investigate the use of parallel computing to reduce the response time of data mining in agriculture. For this purpose, a tool, called Fast Weka been defined and implemented. This tool allows running data mining algorithms and explore parallelism in multi-core computers with the use of threads and distributed systems employing peer-to-peer networks. The exploration of parallelism occurs through the data parallelism inherent to the process of cross-validation (folds). The tool was evaluated through experiments using artificial neural networks data mining algorithms applied to a data set of forest cover types. The multi-thread computing and computing on peer-to-peer networks allowed to reduce the response time of data mining activities. The best results were achieved when employed a multiple number of threads or pairs in the number of folds of cross validation. It was observed and efficiency of 87% when used 4 threads to 24 folds and 86% efficiency also in peer-to-peer networks using 24 folds with 11 pairs.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a utilização da computação paralela para reduzir o tempo de resposta da mineração de dados na agricultura. Para esse fim, uma ferramenta, chamada Fast Weka foi definida e implementada. Essa ferramenta permite executar algoritmos de mineração de dados e explorar o paralelismo em computadores multi-núcleos com uso de threads em sistemas distribuídos empregando redes peer-to-peer. A exploração do paralelismo ocorre por meio do paralelismo de dados inerente ao processo de validação cruzada (folds). A ferramenta foi avaliada por meio de experimentos de mineração de dados utilizando algoritmos de redes neurais artificiais aplicados em um conjunto de dados de tipos de coberturas florestais. A computação multi-thread e a computação em redes peer-to-peer permitiram reduzir o tempo de resposta das atividades de mineração de dados. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos quando empregados um número múltiplo de threads ou pares em relação ao número de folds da validação cruzada. Observou-se uma eficiência de 87% quando utilizadas 4 threads para 24 folds e 86% de eficiência, também, com 2 folds utilizando redes peer-to-peer co 11 pares.
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Rocha, José Renato. "POLUIÇÃO DO AR POR MATERIAL PARTICULADO NO BAIRRO CENTRO DE SANTA MARIA/RS: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DE VARIÁVEIS GEOURBANAS E GEOCOLÓGICAS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9288.
Анотація:
The purpose of this research is verified the concentration of particulate matter in the principals streets and avenues of Centro district of Santa Maria city/RS, making an association between geoecological conditions and the local urban structure. The specifics purposes are (a) make a zoning of Centro district s principals streets and avenues with their deposition potential of particulate matter. (b) Estimate the quantity of particulate matter
emitted and its temporal variation through the years studied. (c) Quantified the bus fluxes in the streets and avenues researched, and others streets that have a significance flux; therefore a mapping of the principals traffics rote in the Center neighborhood can be made.
(d) Correlate the occurrence of the principals atmospheric weather s type with the particulate
emissions index stocked in FEPAM/RS s data basis. The research methodology was characterized for the environmental zoning s elaboration in the Centro district with focus on the air's quality. Lately, an investigation of particulate matter was made, using field work and
secondary data related to inhale particulate matter, consulted in FEPAM/RS. The third stage consists in an intersection between particulate matter s data and the zoning map, with the intention of establish possible correlations and test the environmental zoning s efficiencies. The last stage consists in analyses the datas intersectioned relative to particulate matter
concentrations suitable with what was pre-establish in the environmental zoning. Was verified that if the depositions were very differenced accordant to local collection, therefore, it wasn t possible to establish one relation that evidences the depositions level with the year s
period. The investigation of the relation between inhalable particulate matters and habitual succession of atmospheric weather s type, it demonstrated the existence of a big correlation of day s concentration number up to 50 μg/m³ with winter s mouths for Santa Maria city. For
this case we can say that the vehicles fluxes consisted in the principal factor that collaborated to air s quality deterioration.O objetivo dessa pesquisa é o de verificar a concentração de material particulado nas principais ruas e avenidas do bairro Centro de Santa Maria/RS, relacionando, como variáveis de influência, as condições geoecológicas e a estrutura urbana local. Os objetivos específicos buscam: (a) Realizar um zoneamento das principais ruas e avenidas do bairro Centro quanto ao potencial de deposição de material particulado; (b) Estimar a quantidade de material particulado emitido, e sua variação temporal ao longo do ano; (c) Quantificar o fluxo de ônibus nas ruas e avenidas pesquisadas e demais ruas de fluxo significativo, estabelecendo um mapeamento das principais rotas de tráfego (d) Correlacionar a ocorrência dos principais tipos de tempo atmosférico com os índices de emissões de particulados armazenados na base de dados da Fepam/RS; (e) Realizar um mapeamento da vegetação no bairro Centro, em escala de detalhe, buscando estabelecer a correlação entre a cobertura vegetal existente e a quantidade estimada de emissão de material particulado. A metodologia de pesquisa caracterizou-se pela elaboração de um zoneamento ambiental do bairro Centro com enfoque na qualidade do ar. Posteriormente realizou-se a busca das concentrações de material particulado, em trabalho de campo, e dados secundários referentes ao material particulado inalável extraídos da FEPAM/RS. A terceira etapa consistiu no cruzamento dos dados de material particulado com o mapa de zoneamento, com vistas a estabelecer possíveis correlações e, também, testar a eficácia do zoneamento ambiental no que se refere à qualidade do ar. A última etapa consistiu na análise e cruzamento dos dados referentes às concentrações de material particulado e a sucessão habitual dos tipos de tempo em Santa Maria/RS. Constatou-se que grande parte das ruas e avenidas demonstraram quantidades de particulados condizentes com o que foi pré-estabelecido no zoneamento ambiental. Verificou-se que as deposições foram bem diferenciadas conforme o local de coleta, não sendo possível estabelecer uma relação que evidencie nível de deposição com período do ano. A investigação da relação entre as concentrações de material particulado inalável com a sucessão habitual dos tipos de tempo, demonstrou a existência de uma grande correlação quanto ao número de dias de concentração acima de 50μg/m³ com os meses de inverno para a cidade de Santa Maria. De maneira geral, pode-se dizer para o caso da cidade de Santa Maria, o fluxo de veículos constitui-se no principal fator de contribuição na deteriorização da qualidade do ar.
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Sasaki, Nélio Martins da Silva Azevedo. "Tópicos especiais em dinâmica dos fluidos." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2015. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5357.
Анотація:
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Esta tese visa obter as equações tipo-Maxwell, para um fluido compressível. A dinâmica do sistema é construída em função da vorticidade e do vector de Lamb. Uma função correlação e a relação de dispersão foram analisados como função do número de Reynolds. Uma Lagrangeana para o vetor de Lamb e a vorticidade foi construída e as equações de movimento foram discutidas. Em seguida, analisamos a dinâmica para o caso de um fluido carregado. Por fim, introduzimos a generalização não-Abeliana de alguns resultados conhecidos. No apêndice, encontra-se uma breve revisão sobre fluidos não-Abelianos.
This thesis aims to obtain the Maxwell-type equations for a compressible fluid whose sources are functions of velocity and vorticity. A correlation function and the dispersion relation were analyzed as functions of the Reynolds number. A Lagrangian for the Lamb vector and the vorticity were constructed, and the equations of motion were discussed. After that, we have analyzed the case of a charged fluid dynamics. Finally, the non-Abelian generalization of some results was introduced. A basic review for non-Abelian fluids was described in the Appendix.
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PEREIRA, Rosane Gomes. "Desigualdades universais para autovalores do operador poli-harmônico." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1953.
Анотація:
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Previous issue date: 2012-03-09In this work, we study eigenvalues of polyharmonic operators on compact Riemannian manifolds with boundary (possibly empty). Here, we bring in a universal inequality for the eigenvalues of the polyharmonic operator on compact domains in an Euclidean space Rn. This inequality controls the kth eigenvalue by the lower eigenvalues, independently of the particular geometry of the domain. Besides, a inequality we present covers the important Yang inequality on eigenvalues of the Dirichlet Laplacian. Finally, we introduce universal inequalities for eigenvalues of polyharmonic operator on compact domains in a unit n-sphere Sn. NOTE: Programs do not copy or copy errors with certain symbols, formulas, formatting, etc ..., n of Rn and Sn are overwritten. View all content by clicking pdf - dissertation at the bottom of the screen.
Neste trabalho, estudamos autovalores do operador poli-harmônico em variedades Riemannianas compactas com fronteira ( possivelmente vazia ). Aqui, apresentamos uma desigualdade universal para os autovalores do operador poliharmônico em domínios compactos no Espaço Euclidiano Rn. Esta desigualdade controla o k-ésimo autovalor pelos autovalores menores, independentemente da geometria particular do domínio. Além disso, a desigualdade que apresentamos cobre a importante desigualdade de Yang em autovalores do Laplaciano de Dirichlet. Finalmente, apresentamos desigualdades universais para autovalores do operador poli-harmônico em domínios compactos na esfera unitária n- dimensional Sn. OBS: Programas não copiam ou copiam com erros certos símbolos, fórmulas, formatações etc..., o n de Rn e Sn está sobrescrito. Visualize todo conteúdo clicando pdf - dissertação na parte de baixo da tela.
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Eidam, Jéssica Mayara. "Estrelas do tipo A da Campanha 8 da Missão Kepler K2." Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 2018. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2646.
Анотація:
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Jessica Mayara Eidam.pdf: 7618711 bytes, checksum: 8899a404c0b09be99db22ac7f334ae5b (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-09T12:41:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Jessica Mayara Eidam.pdf: 7618711 bytes, checksum: 8899a404c0b09be99db22ac7f334ae5b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-30
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Buscando melhorar a estatística de parâmetros sismológicos de estrelas do tipoA,apresentamosnestetrabalhoaanálisededadosespectroscópicosefotométricos de oito estrelas observadas na direção do Pólo Galáctico durante a Campanha 8 da missão Kepler K2, proposto pelo nosso grupo de pesquisa. A observação fotométrica pelo satélite espacial Kepler ocorreu entre janeiro e março de 2016. A análise das frequências das oito curvas de luz foi feita usando o algoritmo CLEANEST e Period04. A espectroscopia de solo foi feita no OPD/LNA em outubro de 2015 com o telescópio Zeiss (0,6m) e em agosto de 2016 com o telescópio Perkin-Elmer (1,6m).Informaçõesespectroscópicascompletamosdadosdascurvasdeluzdosatélite, permitindo a caracterização da estrutura interna das estrelas. A determinação dos parâmetros estelares foi realizada por meio do Spectroscopy Made Easy (SME). Parâmetros como massa, raio e luminosidade foram obtidos usando as grades Code dÉvolution Stellaire Adaptatif et Modulaire (CESAM) e Porto Oscillations Code (POSC). Permitindo assim, gerar o modelo evolutivo para as oito estrelas. Estrelas dotipoespectralBmuitasvezessãoerroneamenteclassificadascomoestrelasdotipo espectralA,quandosomentedadosdefotometriasãoutilizadosparaaclassificação. Como exemplo, temos as estrelas: Epic220679442 e Epic220607132. Classificadas fotométricamente como tipo espectral A0, revelaram através da análise espectral, tratar-se do tipo espectral B9V. Epic220532854 é uma binária, Epic220466722 é uma δ e Epic220679442 possue variações fotométrica e, dados de espectroscopia revelam linha de Silício pronunciada (SiII λ4128), característica apresentada pela classe peculiar de estrelas Bp magnética.
Searching to improve the statistics of seismological parameters of stars of type A, we this work we present the analysis of spectroscopic and photometric data of eight stars observed in the direction of the Galactic Pole during the Kepler mission Campaign 8, proposed by our research group. The photometric observation occurred between January and March 2016. Frequency analysis of the eight light curves was made using the CLEANEST and Period04 algorithm. In addition to the photometric data, ground-based spectroscopy was done at the OPD/LNA in October 2015 with the Zeiss Telescope (0.6m) and in August 2016 with the Perkin-Elmer Telescope (1.6m). Spectroscopic information enhances the data from thesatellite’slightcurves,allowingthecharacterizationoftheinternalstellarstructure. Spectral characterization was done using Spectroscopy Made Easy (SME). Parameters such as mass, radius and luminosity were obtained using the Code d Évolution Stellaire Adaptatif et Modulaire (CESAM) and Porto Oscillations Code (POSC) grids, allowing to generate evolutionary models for the eight stars. Stars of spectral type B are often erroneously classified as stars of spectral type A, when only photometry data is used for classification. As an example, we have the stars: Epic220679442 and Epic220607132. Photometrically classified as spectral type A0, revealed through spectral analysis, to be spectral type B9V. Epic220532854 is a binary, Epic220466722 is a δ Scuti and Epic220679442 has photometric variations and spectroscopy data reveals pronounced silicon line (SiII λ4128), characteristic presented by the class peculiar stars Ap magnetic.
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Souza, Filho Nelson Lima de. "Modelagem bayesiana flexível em regressão com erros nas variáveis." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2012. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/3669.
Анотація:
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Previous issue date: 2012-12-06CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
In regression models, the classical normal assumption for the distribution of the measurement errors is often violated, masking some important features of the variability of the data. Some practical actions to overcome this problem, like transformations of the data, sometimes are not effective. In this work we propose a methodology to overcome this problem, in the context of multivariate linear regression with measurement errors. In these models, the covariate is unobservable and the researcher observes a surrogate variable. These measurements are made with an additive error. We extend the classical normal model, by modeling jointly the covariate and the measurement errors by a finite mixture of densities which are in a general family, accommodating skewness, heavy tails and multi-modality at the same time, allowing a degree of flexibility that can not be met by the normal model. We proceed Bayesian inference through a Gibbs-type algorithm. Some proposed models are compared with existing symmetrical models, using a modified DIC criterion, through the analysis of simulated and real data.
Em modelos de regressão, o pressuposto clássico de normalidade para a distribuição dos erros aleatórios é muitas vezes violado, mascarando algumas características importantes da variabilidade dos dados. Algumas ações práticas para resolver esse problema, como transformações nos dados, revelam-se muitas vezes ineficazes. Neste trabalho apresentamos uma proposta para lidar com esta questão no contexto do modelo de regressão multivariada linear simples, quando a variável resposta e a variável regressora são observadas com erro aditivo o chamado modelo de regressão linear com erros nas variáveis. Em tais modelos, o pesquisador observa uma variável substituta em vez da covariável de interesse. Nós estendemos o modelo clássico normal, modelando a distribuição conjunta da covariável e dos erros aleatórios por uma mistura finita de densidades pertencentes a uma família de distribuições bem geral, acomodando ao mesmo tempo assimetria, caudas pesadas e multimodalidade, permitindo um grau de flexibilidade que não pode ser atingido pelo modelo normal. Para a parte de estimação desenvolvemos um algoritmo do tipo Gibbs para proceder estimação Bayesiana. Alguns modelos propostos foram comparados com modelos simétricos já existentes na literatura, utilizando um critério DIC modificado, através da análise de dados simulados e reais.
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Moreira, Thiago Ginez Velanga. "O Teorema da Dominação de Pietsch Unificado." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2010. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7454.
Анотація:
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Previous issue date: 2010-02-12Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In this work we study a recent unified version of Pietsch Domination Theorem, due to Botelho, Pellegrino and Rueda ([8]) that unifies a number of known Pietsch-type domination theorems for classes of mappings that generalize the ideal of absolutely p- summing linear operators. A final result shows that Pietsch-type domination theorems are totally free from algebraic conditions, such as linearity, multilinearity, etc.
Neste trabalho, dissertamos sobre uma recente versão unificada do Teorema da Dominação de Pietsch, devida a Botelho, Pellegrino e Rueda ([8]), que unifica vários teoremas de dominação do tipo Pietsch para certas classes de funções que generalizam o ideal dos operadores lineares absolutamente p-somantes. Um resultado final mostra que tais teoremas de dominação são totalmente livres de condições algébricas, tais como linearidade, multilinearidade, etc.
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Amaral, Jomar Batista. "Simulação computacional de tungstatos tipo Scheelita para aplicações ópticas." Pós-Graduação em Física, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5304.
Анотація:
The scheelite type tungstates MWO4 have been studied for a long time due to their optical properties. The main property is the luminescence, both intrinsic and extrinsic (when doped with trivalent lanthanide ions, Ln3+). Another group of scheelite- typed are the double tungstates, ALn(WO4)2. The main feature of these tungstates is a structural disorder involving a random distribution of the ions A (alkali metals) and Ln in the crystal lattice that may influence the luminescence of the material. In literature there are several models to explain both intrinsic and extrinsic luminescence, as recombination of self-trapped excitons, MO and/or WO3 vacancies, stoichiometry deviation, other phases, oxygen at interstitial site, oxygen vacancies and M ion vacancies. As the main technology applications associated with these tungstates are such optics fiber, solid state lasers, scintillators in detectors and recently as white LEDs, it is necessary to better understand and possibly solve or dominate the many physical problems that surround them. Then, using computer simulation based on a model in
which the ions are treated as charged spheres interacting through interaction potentials which aim to minimize the lattice energy, tungstates have their perfect and defective crystal lattices simulated to try to elucidate the defect mechanism that dominates and/or contributes for luminescence and its consequences. Using static computer simulation we have as main results: a) 21 different tungstates were modeled using a single set of potential parameters taking into account the covalency of the (WO4)2- group. This covalent interaction affects the behavior of defects, where (WO4)2- groups can be directly connected by an oxygen ion at an interstitial site; b) the charge compensation for extrinsic defects is via interstitial oxygen. When codoped, the codopant ionic radius directly influences the solution energy; c) the simulated energy levels for SrWO4:Eu3+ were compared with recent experimental studies and are in agreement, pointing two different symmetries to the Eu site and d) simulation of holes and electrons in these tungstates reveals that n-type conductivity is expected.Os tungstatos tipo scheelita MWO4 vêm sendo estudados há bastante tempo devido às suas propriedades ópticas. A principal é a luminescência, tanto intrínseca quanto extrínseca (quando dopados com íons lantanídeos trivalentes, Ln3+). Outro grupo de tungstatos tipo scheelita são os duplos, ALn(WO4)2. A principal característica deste tungstatos é uma desordem estrutural, envolvendo uma distribuição aleatória dos íons A (metais alcalinos) e Ln na rede que pode influenciar a luminescência deste material. Na literatura há diversos modelos para explicar tanto a luminescência intrínseca quanto a extrínseca, como recombinação de éxcitons auto-armadilhados, vacâncias de MO e/ou WO3, desvio de estequiometria, outras fases, oxigênio em um sítio intersticial e vacâncias de oxigênio e vacâncias do íon M. Como as principais aplicações tecnológicas associadas a estes tungstatos, são como fibras ópticas, lasers do estado sólido, cintiladores em detectores e recentemente como LEDs brancos, faz-se necessário entender melhor e se possível solucionar ou dominar os diversos problemas físicos que os cercam. Então, usando simulação computacional baseada em um modelo em que os íons são considerados como esferas carregadas interagindo entre si através de potenciais de interação que visam minimizar a energia da rede, os tungstatos têm suas redes cristalinas perfeitas e defeituosas simuladas para procurar elucidar o mecanismo de defeito que domina(m) e/ou contribui(em) para a luminescência e quais suas consequências. Usando a simulação computacional estática temos como principais resultados: a) 21 tungstatos diferentes foram modelados usando um único conjunto de parâmetros dos potenciais levando em conta a covalência do grupo (WO4)2-. Esta interação covalente afeta o comportamento dos defeitos, onde grupos de (WO4)2- podem ser diretamente ligados por um íon de oxigênio em um sítio intersticial; b) a compensação de cargas para defeitos extrínsecos é via oxigênio intersticial. Quando codopados, o raio iônico do codopante influencia diretamente na energia de solução; c) os níveis de energia simulados para o SrWO4:Eu3+ e comparados com trabalhos experimentais recentes estão em acordo, apontando duas simetrias diferentes para o sítio de Eu e d) a simulação de buracos e elétrons nestes tungstatos revela que condutividade tipo n é esperada.
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Carvalho, Glauber Cristo Alves de. "Números primos: pequenos tópicos." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3443.
Анотація:
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This paper presents a brief history about the numbers. After some important definitions to understand the texts. Following, we encounter the world of prime numbers. This part is presented some important properties, findings and open problems. The study of these figures have managed to find some formulas to generate them, which are presented throughout the text. It presents some numbers especias such as Fermat primes, Mersene, Shopie German and others. Finally, we have an application that uses many properties presented.
Neste trabalho é apresentado um breve histórico sobre os números. Após, algumas definições importantes para compreensão dos textos. Seguindo, nos deparamos com o universo dos números primos. Nesta parte é apresentado algumas propriedades importantes, descobertas e problemas em aberto. O estudo sobre estes números já conseguiu encontrar algumas fórmulas para gerá-los, que são apresentadas no decorrer do texto. Apresenta-se alguns números especias, como os primos de Fermat, Mersene, Shopie German e outros. Por fim, temos uma aplicação que utiliza muitas propriedades apresentadas.
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Pasqualin, Douglas Pereira. "CÁLCULO DE AMBIENTES TIPADO SENSÍVEL AO CONTEXTO PARA APLICAÇÕES PERVASIVAS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5401.
Анотація:
Nowadays, mobile computing is more present in daily life. Mobile phones, notebooks,
smart phones and wireless networks are part of everyday life. With this technology available,
the research in pervasive computing is growing. The idea of pervasive computing was introduced
by Mark Weiser in 1991, with a personal vision of how would be computing in the 21st
century. Weiser s idea was that information processing would become part of everyday life, and
would be available everywhere. Furthermore, it would be so natural as being invisible in the
ambient. To make computing invisible, applications must be proactive, asking for a minimum of
user intervention for its operation. An important concept that arises with pervasive computing is
the context awareness . Context is any information that can be used to characterize an entity.
Based on contextual information, applications can dynamically adapt to the environments in
which they operate, becoming proactive and conveying the idea of invisibility. New programming
languages or even new paradigms are being developed trying to make more intuitive the
programming of pervasive applications. Most of these programming languages attempt to add
new features into existing programming languages. However, some authors argue that there
must be new formalisms that help to model the properties of pervasive systems, in particular the
context awareness. The formal description of a system modeled by formal methods can be used
to demonstrate that some properties of the system are correctly modeled. In this sense, this work
studies a formal model that can be used as a basis for specifying a new programming language,
called Calculus of Context-aware Ambients (CCA), proposed to describe mobile and pervasive
applications. Another formal method used in the specification of programming languages are
the type systems. Type systems helps to ensure that the system behaves according to the specification,
that is, is a way to formally prove the absence of undesirable behavior in a system.
Thus, the main contribution of this work is the definition of a type system for the CCA with
the focus in the communication between processes. As a case study two real scenarios were
modeled using the CCA, demonstrating the use of the type system developed. The preservation
(or subject reduction) property of the type system was formally proved, demonstrating that the
type system is correct, i.e., achieving the main purpose of the present work.Atualmente, a computação móvel está mais presente na rotina das pessoas. Celulares, notebooks, smartphones e redes sem fio fazem parte do cotidiano. Com essa tecnologia disponível, as pesquisas na área de computação pervasiva crescem a cada dia. A ideia da computação pervasiva surgiu com um artigo escrito por Mark Weiser em 1991, com uma visão pessoal de como seria a computação no século 21. Weiser descreveu que a computação faria parte do cotidiano das pessoas, e estaria acessível em todos os ambientes. Além disso, seria tão natural que passaria a ideia de estar invisível no ambiente. Para tornar a computação invisível, as aplicações devem ser pró-ativas, solicitando o mínimo de intervenção do usuário para o seu funcionamento. Um conceito importante que surge na computação pervasiva é a sensibilidade ao contexto . Contexto é qualquer informação que possa ser utilizada para caracterizar uma entidade. Com base em informações contextuais, as aplicações podem se adaptar dinamicamente aos ambientes nos quais estão inseridas, tornando-se pró-ativas e transmitindo a ideia da invisibilidade. Novas linguagens de programação ou até mesmo novos paradigmas de programação estão sendo desenvolvidos, tentando tornar mais intuitiva a programação de aplicações pervasivas. A maioria dessas linguagens tenta adicionar novas funcionalidades em linguagens já existentes. Porém, alguns autores defendem que deveriam existir novos formalismos que ajudem a modelar as propriedades dos sistemas pervasivos, em especial a sensibilidade ao contexto. A descrição formal de um sistema modelado através de métodos formais pode ser utilizada para demonstrar que algumas propriedades de um sistema estão corretamente modeladas. Nesse sentido, este trabalho estuda um modelo formal que pode servir como base para a especificação de novas linguagens de programação, chamado Cálculo de Ambientes Sensível ao Contexto (CASC), proposto para descrever ambientes móveis e aplicações pervasivas. Outro método formal que é utilizado para especificar linguagens de programação são os sistemas de tipos. Sistemas de tipos ajudam a garantir que um sistema se comporta de acordo com a sua especificação, ou seja, são uma maneira de provar formalmente a ausência de comportamentos indesejados dentro de um sistema. Dessa forma, a principal contribuição deste trabalho é a definição de um sistema de tipos para o CASC com o foco no controle de comunicação entre processos. Como estudo de caso, dois cenários reais foram modelados utilizando o CASC, demonstrando o uso do sistema de tipos desenvolvido. A propriedade preservation (ou subject reduction) do sistema de tipos foi provada formalmente, demostrando que o sistema de tipos está correto, ou seja, atingindo o objetivo principal do trabalho. Palavras-chave: Sistema de Tipos. Cálculo de Ambientes. Computação Pervasiva. Sensibilidade ao Contexto.
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McConnico, Tim. "The terraces of the Conway Coast, North Canterbury: Geomorphology, sedimentary facies and sequence stratigraphy." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7373.
Анотація:
A basin analysis was conducted at the Conway Flat coast (Marlborough Fault Zone, South Island, New Zealand) to investigate the interaction of regional and local structure in a transpressional plate boundary and its control on basin formation. A multi-tiered approach has been employed involving: (i) detailed analysis of sedimentary deposits; (ii) geomorphic mapping of terraces, fault traces and lineaments; (iii) dating of deposits by 14C and OSL and (iv) the integration of data to form a basin-synthesis in a sequence stratigraphy framework.
A complex thrust fault zone (the Hawkswood Thrust Fault Zone), originating at the hinge of the thrust-cored Hawkswood anticline, is interpreted to be a result of west-dipping thrust faults joining at depth with the Hundalee Fault and propagating eastwards. The faults uplift and dissect alluvial fans to form terraces along the Conway Flat coast that provide the necessary relief to form the fan deltas. These terrace/fan surfaces are ~9 km long and ~3 km wide, composite features, with their upper parts representing sub-aerial alluvial fans. These grade into delta plains of Quaternary Gilbert-style fan deltas. Uplift and incision have created excellent 3D views of the underlying Gilbert-style fan delta complexes from topsets to prodelta deposits.
Erosive contacts between the Medina, Rafa, Ngaroma and modern Conway fan delta deposits, coupled with changes in terrace elevations allow an understanding of the development of multiple inset terraces along the Conway Flat coast. These terraces are divided into five stages of evolution based on variations in sedimentary facies and geomorphic mapping: Stage I involves the uplift of the Hawkswood Range and subsequent increased sedimentation rate such that alluvial fans prograded to the sea to form the Medina fan delta Terrace. Stage II began with a period of incision, from lowering sea level or changes in the uplift and sedimentation rate and continued with the deposition of the Dawn and Upham fan deltas. Stage III starts with the incision of the Rafa Terrace and deposition of aggradational terraces in the upper reaches. Stage IV initiated by a period of incision followed by deposition of estuarine facies at ~8ka and Stage V began with a period of incision and continues today with the infilling of the incised valley by the modern fan delta of the Conway River and its continued progradation.
New dates from within the Gilbert-type fan deltas along the Conway Flat coast are presented, using OSL and 14C dating techniques. Faulting at the Conway Flat coast began ~ 94 ka, based on the development of the Medina Terrace fan delta with uplift rates ~1.38~1.42 m/ka. The interplay of tectonics and sea level fluctuations continued as the ~79 ka Rafa Terrace fan deltas were created, with uplift rates calculated at ~1.39 m/ka. Detailed 14C ages from paleoforest (~8.4-~6.4 ka) in the Ngaroma Terrace and from the mouths of smaller streams have established uplift rates during the Holocene ~1-3 m/ka, depending on sea level.
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Chavéz, Newton Mayer Solorzano. "Volumes e curvaturas médias na geometria de Finsler:superfícies mínimas." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/2885.
Анотація:
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In Finsler geometry, we have several volume forms, hence various of mean curvature forms. The two best known volumes forms are the Busemann-Hausdorff and Holmes- Thompson volume form. The minimal surface with respect to these volume forms are called BH-minimal and HT-minimal surface, respectively. Let (R3; eFb) be a Minkowski space of Randers type with eFb = ea+eb; where ea is the Euclidean metric and eb = bdx3; 0 < b < 1: If a connected surface M in (R3; eFb) is minimal with respect to both volume forms Busemann-Hausdorff and Holmes-Thompson, then up to a parallel translation of R3; M is either a piece of plane or a piece of helicoid which is generated by lines screwing along the x3-axis. Furthermore it gives an explicit rotation hypersurfaces BH-minimal and HT-minimal generated by a plane curve around the axis in the direction of eb] in Minkowski (a;b)-space (Vn+1; eFb); where Vn+1 is an (n+1)-dimensional real vector space, eFb = eaf eb ea ; ea is the Euclidean metric, eb is a one form of constant length b = kebkea; eb] is the dual vector of eb with respect to ea: As an application, it give us an explicit expression of surface of rotation “ forward” BH-minimal generated by the rotation around the axis in the direction of eb] in Minkowski space of Randers type (V3; ea+eb):
Na Geometria de Finsler, temos várias formas volume, consequentemente várias formas curvaturas médias. As duas mais conhecidas são as formas de volumes Busemann- Hausdorff e Holmes-Thompson. As superfícies mínimas com respeito a estes são chamados superfícies BH-mínimas e HT-mínimas, respectivamente. Seja (R3; eFb) um espaço de Minkowski do tipo Randers com eFb = ea+eb; onde ea é a métrica Euclidiana e eb = bdx3;0 < b < 1: Uma superfície em (R3; eFb) conexa M é mínima com respeito a ambas formas volumes Busemann-Hausdorff e Holmes-Thompson, então a menos de uma translação paralela de R3; M é parte de um plano ou parte de um helicóide, a qual é gerada pela rotação de uma reta (perpendicular ao eixo x3) ao longo do eixo x3: Ademais podemos obter explicitamente hipersuperfícies de rotação BH-mínima e HT-mínima geradas por uma curva plana em torno do eixo na direção de eb] num espaço (a; b) de Minkowski (Vn+1; eFb); onde Vn+1 é um espaço vetorial de dimensão (n+1); eFb = eaf eb ea ; ea é a métrica Euclidiana, eb é uma 1-forma constante com norma b := kebkea; eb] é o vetor dual de eb com respeito a a: Como aplicação, se dá uma expressão explícita de superfície de rotação completa “forward” BH-mínima gerada pela rotação em torno do eixo na direção de eb] num espaço de Minkowski do tipo Randers (V3; ea+eb):
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Standley, Carl Eldon. "Banda Forearc Metamorphic Rocks Accreted to the Australian Continental Margin: Detailed Analysis of the Lolotoi Complex of East Timor." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2007. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1304.
Анотація:
Petrologic, structural and age investigations of the Lolotoi Complex of East Timor indicate that it is part of a group of thin metamorphic klippen found throughout the region that were detached from the Banda forearc and accreted to the NW Australian continental margin during Late Miocene to Present arc-continent collision. Metamorphic rock types are dominated by (in order of greatest to least abundance), greenschist, graphitic phyllite, quartz-mica schist, amphibolite and pelitic schist. Mineral, whole rock, and trace element geochemical analyses of metabasites indicate that protolith compositions are consistent with tholeiitic basalt and basaltic andesite with mixed MORB and oceanic arc affinities. Metapelitic schist compositions are consistent with mafic to intermediate oceanic to continental arc provenance. Geothermobarometric calculations show peak metamorphic temperatures in pelitic rocks range from 530°C to 610°C for garnet-biotite pairs and peak pressures of 5 to 8 kbar for garnet-aluminosilicate-quartz-plagioclase assemblages. Analyses of amphibole in amphibolites yield temperatures of 550°C to 650°C and pressures of 6 to 7 kbar. Lu-Hf analyses performed on garnet samples from two massifs in East Timor yielded four ages with a mean of 45.36 ± 0.63 Ma, which is interpreted to represent the approximate age of peak metamorphism. Detrital zircons from one amphibolite sample in East Timor yields a bimodal U-Pb age distribution of 560 Ma and 80 Ma, indicating deposition occurred after the 80 Ma closure of the zircon grains. The sequence of deformation as indicated by field measurements is similar to that reported from other klippen throughout the Timor region. Contact relationships with adjacent units indicate that the metamorphic terrane is in thrust contact with underlying Gondwana Sequence rocks. Overlying the metamorphic rocks are Asian affinity volcanic and sedimentary cover units found mostly in normal fault contact on the edges of Lolotoi Complex klippen. Geochemical, age, petrological and structural data imply the Lolotoi Complex formed part of the eastern Great Indonesian arc, which began to collapse in the Eocene, was incorporated into the Banda arc in the Miocene, and accreted to the Austrailian continental margin from Pliocene to Present.
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Freire, Wellington Romero Serafim. "Geração de termos com violação de simetria de Lorentz à temperatura finita." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1561.
Анотація:
In this thesis, we investigated the generation of the higher derivative Chern-Simons term, as well as the ether-like term, both at finite temperature. We also examined the question of the large gauge invariance, with respect to the Chern-Simons term and the hight derivative one. We observed that the coefficient of the Chern-Simons term vanishes, when we taken into account the limit of high temperature. This happens to occur also for the other high derivative terms. With respects to the Chern-Simons term, we observed that the action of the Chern-Simons term and the high derivative one are invariant under the large gauge transformation. For this, we calculated the exactly effective action, however, for a specific gauge choice. Finally, with respects to the ether-like term, we observed that the calculation at finite temperature is ambiguous, as well as it is observed for the calculation at zero temperature.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Nesta tese, investigamos a geração do termo de Chern-Simons de derivada superior, assim como o termo tipo éter, ambos à temperatura finita. Também estudamos a questão da invariância de gauge ampla, com o termo de Chern-Simons e Chern-Simons de derivada superior. Constatamos que o coeficiente do termo de Chern-Simons de derivada superior anula-se, quando tomamos o limite de altas temperaturas. Esse resultado parece se repetir para os demais termos de derivada superior. Dentro ainda do contexto de Chern-Simons, observamos que a ação de Chern-Simons e a ação de Chern-Simons de derivada superior são invariantes sob transformação de gauge ampla. Para isso, conseguimos calcular a ação efetiva exata, contudo, para uma escolha de gauge específica. Finalmente, com relação ao termo tipo éter, constatamos que o cálculo à temperatura finita e ambíguo, assim como observado no cálculo à temperatura zero.
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NASCIMENTO, Kátia Pires do. "Correção tipo-Bartlett em modelos não lineares simétricos heteroscedástico." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2010. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5015.
Анотація:
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This manuscript has two aims. First, we derive general matrix formulae to Bartlett–type correction to the score statistic in a class of heteroscedastic symmetric nonlinear regression models, with link functions any for both mean and dispersion parameter. In the second part Monte Carlo simulations are also performed to assess the influence of the correction in the models studied.
Essa dissertação tem dois objetivos. O primeiro é a obtenção de expressões matriciais para o fator de correção tipo–Bartlett para a estatística escore nos modelos não–lineares simétricos heteroscedásticos, com funções de ligação quaisquer para a média e para o parâmetro de dispersão. O segundo é apresentar resultados de simulação de forma a verificar a influência da correção nos modelos em estudo.