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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Thyroid hormones Therapeutic use"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 19 липня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Thyroid hormones Therapeutic use"

Rupeć, Zuzanna, Mateusz Trubalski, Zeeshan Zulfiquar, et al. "Hormonal Influence on Osteoporosis." Wiadomości Lekarskie, no. 3 (March 29, 2025): 531–38. https://doi.org/10.36740/wlek/202332.

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Osteoporosis is a global health issue that weakens bones and increases the risk of fractures, particularly in postmenopausal women and older adults. This review explores the influence of hormones on osteoporosis, with a focus on estrogen, glucocorticoids, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and thyroid hormones. Scientific evidence is analyzed to highlight hormonal mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, and their effects on bone health. The review examines hormonal therapies, including selective estrogen receptor modulators, and discusses the impact of glucocorticoids, essential for managing infla

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Park, Sang-In, Young Joon Lee, Seong Hun Choi, Soo Jin Park, Chang-Hyun Song, and Sae-Kwang Ku. "Therapeutic Effects of Blue Honeysuckle on Lesions of Hyperthyroidism in Rats." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 44, no. 07 (2016): 1441–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x16500804.

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Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic syndrome characterized by an overproduction of thyroid hormones, which enhances the hormone-induced oxidative stress responsible for some complications in the liver, heart and muscle. Blue honeysuckle (BH) is an edible berry, rich in polyphenols, especially flavonoids or anthocyanins, known as strong antioxidants. The chemo-protective activities of the berry have been connected to the improvement of symptoms in cancer, diabetes mellitus, tumor or cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the therapeutic effects of BH were examined in hyperthyroidism rat model. The

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Pekic, Sandra, and Vera Popovic-Brkic. "Advances in Our Understanding of Pituitary Adenoma." US Endocrinology 04, no. 01 (2008): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2008.04.01.88.

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Pituitary adenomas are common benign monoclonal neoplasms— accounting for 15% of intracranial neoplasms—that may be clinically silent or secrete anterior pituitary hormones such as prolactin, growth hormone (GH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), or, rarely, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or gonadotrophins. Radiological studies for other reasons using high-resolution computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detect incidental pituitary adenomas in approximately 20% of asymptomatic patients.1The incidence of the various types of adenoma varies;2prolactinomas are the mos

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Alvarez-Salas, Elena, Cinthia García-Luna, and Patricia de Gortari. "New Efforts to Demonstrate the Successful Use of TRH as a Therapeutic Agent." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 13 (2023): 11047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241311047.

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Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a tripeptide that regulates the neuroendocrine thyroid axis. Moreover, its widespread brain distribution has indicated that it is a relevant neuromodulator of behaviors such as feeding, arousal, anxiety, and locomotion. Importantly, it is also a neurotrophic peptide, and thus may halt the development of neurodegenerative diseases and improve mood-related disorders. Its neuroprotective actions on those pathologies and behaviors have been limited due to its poor intestinal and blood–brain barrier permeability, and because it is rapidly degraded by a serum e

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Brossaud, J., V. Pallet, and J.-B. Corcuff. "Vitamin A, endocrine tissues and hormones: interplay and interactions." Endocrine Connections 6, no. 7 (2017): R121—R130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-17-0101.

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Vitamin A (retinol) is a micronutrient critical for cell proliferation and differentiation. In adults, vitamin A and metabolites such as retinoic acid (RA) play major roles in vision, immune and brain functions and tissue remodelling and metabolism. This review presents the physiological interactions of retinoids and endocrine tissues and hormonal systems. Two endocrine systems have been particularly studied. In the pituitary, retinoids target the corticotrophs with a possible therapeutic use in corticotropinomas. In the thyroid, retinoids interfere with iodine metabolism and vitamin A deficie

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Groeneweg, Stefan, Robin P. Peeters, Theo J. Visser, and W. Edward Visser. "Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in the Allan—Herndon—Dudley Syndrome." US Endocrinology 12, no. 02 (2016): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2016.12.02.90.

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Thyroid hormone (TH) is important for normal brain development. The TH transporter protein monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is crucial to maintain adequate TH levels in the brain during development and throughout life. Mutations in MCT8 result in the Allan–Herndon–Dudley syndrome (AHDS), which is characterized by a severe delay in neurocognitive development, combined with abnormal serum thyroid function tests (TFTs). The combination of an increased (F)T3 and decreased (F)T4 and rT3 serum levels are characteristic for the presence of AHDS in male patients with moderate to severe delay in ne

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Celi, Francesco S. "A MUCH-NEEDED HISTORIC PERSPECTIVE ON THE THERAPEUTIC USE OF THYROID HORMONES." Endocrine Practice 21, no. 10 (2015): 1171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4158/ep15875.co.

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Korbozova, Nazym K., Nataliya O. Kudrina, Nataliya A. Zhukova, et al. "Antihypothyroid Effect of Salidroside." Molecules 27, no. 21 (2022): 7487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217487.

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In terms of prevalence, thyroid pathology, associated both with a violation of the gland function and changes in its structure, occupies one of the main places in clinical endocrinology. The problem of developing low-toxic and highly effective herbal preparations for the correction of thyroid hypofunction and its complications is urgent. Salidroside is a glucoside of tyrosol, found mostly in the roots of Rhodiola spp., and has various positive biological activities. The purpose of this study was to study the antihypothyroid potential of salidrosid-containing extract from R. semenovii roots, wh

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Janett-Pellegri, Camilla, Lea Wildisen, Martin Feller, et al. "Prevalence and factors associated with chronic use of levothyroxine: A cohort study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (2021): e0261160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261160.

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Importance Levothyroxine prescriptions are rising worldwide. However, there are few data on factors associated with chronic use. Objective To assess the prevalence of chronic levothyroxine use, its rank among other chronic drugs and factors associated with chronic use. To assess the proportion of users outside the therapeutic range of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Design Cohort study (CoLaus|PsyCoLaus) with recruitment from 2003 to 2006. Follow-ups occurred 5 and 10 years after baseline. Participants A random sample of Lausanne (Switzerland) inhabitants aged 35–75 years. Main outcomes We

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Malova, Natalia, Larysa Syrotenko, Irina Komarova, Yuriy Karachentsev, Vadym Khaziyev, and Vitaly Varavin. "Pathogenetic Approach to the Use of a Non-hormonal Drug for Correction of Experimental Thyroid Pathology." American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 13, no. 3 (2025): 63–67. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20251303.15.

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Today, hypothyroidism of various origins affects about 10% of the Earth&apos;s population. The relevance of this work is due to the absence of original harmless and effective natural products on the domestic and global pharmaceutical market, which can be used both to normalize the immune system and to restore the functional activity of the thyroid gland and reduce the level of associated complications. In modern endocrinology, fetal biological products, including cord blood products, can be a certain alternative to replacement therapy (or in combination with it). The aim of the work was to

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Дисертації з теми "Thyroid hormones Therapeutic use"

Veltri, Flora. "Variables influencing thyroid function during pregnancy and their potential use in clinical practice." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/313347/4/TDM.pdf.

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Pregnancy is a condition leading to an important strain on thyroid morphology and function.A normal functioning of the thyroid gland in the mother is essential for the early fetal development, since the fetal thyroid does not produce thyroid hormones until the end of the first trimester (approximately 12 to 14 weeks).The impact of thyroid dysfunction (and especially hypothyroidism) during pregnancy is well documented and has been associated with a number of obstetrical complications, such as premature delivery, low birth weight and even fetal death. In view of all changes in thyroid physiology

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伍伯堯 and Pak-yiu Ng. "Investigation on the differential expression and hormonal regulation of olfactomedin in uterus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39557765.

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Roberts, April M. "Steroid hormone treatments alter growth characteristics in transformed human ovarian cell lines." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1265095.

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Babicheva, Rosalie. "Radiation doses to family members of patients treated with Iodine-131 therapy." Master's thesis, School of Medical Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5318.

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Thesis (M. App. Sc.)--University of Sydney, 2001. Title from title screen (viewed Aug. 11, 2009) Includes tables. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Science to the Faculty of Health Sciences. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.

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Mugari, Mufaro Buhlebenkosi. "The inhibitory effect of rooibos on cytochromes P450 and downstream in vitro modulation of steroid hormones." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96680.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study describes: 1. Substrate binding assays investigating the effects of methanolic extracts of unfermented and fermented Rooibos on the binding of natural substrates to ovine adrenal microsomal and mitochondrial P450 enzymes, demonstrating the interference of substrate binding in the presence of the Rooibos extracts. 2. The effects of selected flavonoids (quercetin, rutin and aspalathin) on the binding of natural substrates to ovine adrenal microsomal and mitochondrial P450 enzymes, demonstrating interference of su

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Meyer, Eric. "Comparative bioavailability and ranking of topical corticosteroid formulations." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001471.

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Numerous experiments in recent years have indicated differences in the bioavailability of corticosteroids from seemingly identical topical dosage forms. The human blanching assay was utilized in this study to assess the comparative blanching activities of various locally manufactured proprietary corticosteroid preparations. The first experiment was performed to assess the relative blanching activities of six semi - solid preparations containing the same concentration of betamethasone 17-valerate. The preparations used were Betnovate cream and ointment, Persivate cream and ointment and Celestod

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林穎華 and Wing-wah Phoebe Lam. "A systematic review of postoperative treatments for laser eye surgery." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31970643.

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Magnus, Ashley Denis. "Aspects of the bioavailability of topical corticosteroid formulations." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009516.

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Two possible variables of the McKenzie/Stoughton blanching assay, namely amount applied to the test site and occlusion time have been investigated. Subsequently, two topical steroid preparations, Synalar cream (0,025% fluocinolone acetonide) and Betnovate cream (0,1% betamethasone 17-valer ate) were extemporaneously diluted with five and six placebo bases respectively. Taking cognizance of the two possible variables, these diluted preparations were assessed in vivo using a modified version of the McKenzie/Stoughton blanching assay for blanching activity over a 14 month period. It was found tha

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Milliken, Erin L. "USE OF A TRANSGENIC MOUSE MODEL OF OVARIAN HYPERSTIUMLUATION TO IDENTIFY THERAPEUTIC TARGETS AND MECHANISMS IN HORMONE-INDUCED MAMMARY CANCER." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1121273034.

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Salb, Nicole [Verfasser], та Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Nelson. "Application of engineered mesenchymal stem cells as therapeutic vehicles for the treatment of solid tumors : HIF1α-based targeting and the influence of thyroid hormones / Nicole Salb ; Betreuer: Peter Nelson". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1171131372/34.

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Книги з теми "Thyroid hormones Therapeutic use"

Mizushima, Yutaka. Suteroido no tsukaikata kotsu to otoshiana: Pitfalls & knack. Nakayama Shoten, 2006.

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Swaney, Arlene. Health, happiness & hormones: One woman's journey towards health afer a hysterectomy. Starburst Publishers, 1996.

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Brownstein, David. The miracle of natural hormones: With over 40 actual case studies. 2nd ed. Medical Alternatives Press, 1999.

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C, Brumsen, ed. Corticosteroïden in de verpleegkundige praktijk. Boerhaave Commissie voor Postacademisch Onderwijs in de Geneeskunde, Universiteit Leiden, 1998.

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Pelt, Annemarie C. Glucocorticoids: Effects, action mechanisms, and therapeutic uses. Nova Science, 2011.

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Nissim, Rina. La ménopause: Réflexions et alternatives aux hormones de remplacement. Ed. Mamamélis, 1994.

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Royal Society of Medicine (Great Britain), ed. Corticosteroids: Their biologic mechanisms and application to the treatment of asthma. [Royal Society of Medicine], 1989.

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Sevener, C. Alan. It's okay to take estrogen: In fact, estrogen may be your best friend for life! Eclectic Pub., Inc., 1995.

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Parker, James N., and Philip M. Parker. The official patient's sourcebook on antenatal corticosteroid therapy. Edited by Icon Group International Inc and NetLibrary Inc. Icon Health Publications, 2002.

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1947-, Vedeckis Wayne V., ed. Hormones and cancer. Birkhäuser, 1996.

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Частини книг з теми "Thyroid hormones Therapeutic use"

Safer, Joshua D., and Michael F. Holick. "Potential Therapeutic Uses of Thyroid Hormone." In Thyroid Disorders with Cutaneous Manifestations. Springer London, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-187-9_14.

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Shulkin, Barry, and Thomas Neil Pascual. "Thyroid." In A Practical Guide for Pediatric Nuclear Medicine. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-67631-8_5.

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AbstractThyroid imaging, one of the earliest scanning tests, is used in children to determine the cause of congenital and acquired thyroid diseases. It should be interpreted in conjunction with the patient’s clinical picture, thyroid function tests, history of medication and diet, physical examination, thyroid function tests, and ultrasound. Congenital hypothyroidism (CHT) is usually detected on newborn screening. Ectopic thyroid and thyroid aplasia may result in hypothyroidism requiring lifelong hormone replacement therapy. In the presence of a normally positioned, fully developed thyroid, CHT can be transient. Evaluation of acquired benign thyroid disease in children is occasionally supplemented by radioactive iodine uptake tests and can be an aid in therapeutic decisions. Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy in children and represents up to 2% of all cancers diagnosed by the age of 20 years, more common in teenagers. It is diagnosed in 25% of thyroid nodules in children, as compared to 10–15% in adults. Children with thyroid cancer present with more advanced disease than adults, including multifocal primary and a higher incidence of regional and distant metastases. Cervical lymph node metastases are diagnosed in 50% and lung metastases in 20% of cases. 131I, a suboptimal agent for imaging, has been largely replaced by 123I and 99mTc-pertechnetate. 131I is at present used mainly for therapeutic purposes in hyperthyroidism, ablation of thyroid remnants following thyroidectomy, and for treatment of thyroid cancer.

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Avram, Anca M. "Radioiodine Theranostics of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma." In Integrated Diagnostics and Theranostics of Thyroid Diseases. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35213-3_7.

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AbstractCurrent management of patients with thyroid cancer requires a risk-adapted approach to treatment and multidisciplinary cooperation. Routine use of 131-I administration after total thyroidectomy is no longer recommended as this approach has been challenged by evidence that remnant ablation does not improve survival in low-risk patients. However, therapeutic 131-I administration in intermediate- and high-risk patients demonstrated significant benefits in improving overall survival. Radioiodine (131-I Na-I) is the classic agent used for the diagnosis and treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) based on sodium–iodine symporter expression in normal and neoplastic thyroid tissues permitting the integration of diagnostic imaging and therapeutics using the same radionuclide (i.e., theranostics) targeting specific characteristics of tumor biology. Radioiodine theragnostics involves the acquisition of pre-ablation diagnostic scans (Dx Scans) to guide patient-individualized targeted 131-I therapy with goal of maximizing the benefits of the first therapeutic 131-I administration. Current imaging technology with hybrid SPECT/CT gamma camera systems has improved the capability of diagnostic radioiodine scintigraphy for identifying regional and distant metastatic disease and this imaging information can be used for 131-I treatment planning and delivery of activity-adjusted 131-I therapy for achieving intended treatment goals (e.g., remnant ablation, adjuvant treatment, and treatment of known disease). The goal of radioiodine theragnostics is to optimize the balance between 131-I therapeutic efficacy and potential side effects on non-target tissues. This chapter summarizes the new concepts and essential information at the core of multidisciplinary DTC management, which emphasizes individualization of 131I therapy according to the patient’s risk for tumor recurrence to maximize benefit and minimize morbidity.

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Burger, Irene A., and Thomas A. Hope. "Advances in Molecular Imaging and Therapy and Its Impact in Oncologic Imaging." In IDKD Springer Series. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27355-1_3.

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AbstractThe theranostic concept to use diagnostic and therapeutic nuclides to image and treat cancer was established many years ago for thyroid disease. With the success of [177Lu]-labeled therapeutic agents targeting neuroendocrine tumors or prostate cancer, the interest for this concept has been significantly rising. The possibility to localize and quantify a therapeutic target within the patient opens up novel possibilities, but also challenges for patient selection, dosimetry, and response assessment. Especially for response assessment we however, still rely on the morphologic changes. With the increasing use of immunotherapy and other biological approaches, image interpretation needs a profound understanding of the therapeutic mechanism and impact on imaging parameters for accurate assessment of tumor response and guidance for appropriate therapy selection.

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Campennì, Alfredo, Rosaria Maddalena Ruggeri, Tomislav Jukić, et al. "Diagnostics and Theranostics of Benign Thyroid Disorders." In Integrated Diagnostics and Theranostics of Thyroid Diseases. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35213-3_6.

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AbstractThyroid scintigraphy is an evergreen in nuclear medicine imaging and up to date represents the only “in vivo” diagnostic imaging method able to evaluate thyroid functional status in patients with thyroid disorders.It is able to identify hyperfunctioning (i.e., “hot”) or hypofunctioning (i.e., “cold”) nodules such as an increased tracer uptake in the whole gland common in patients affected by autoimmune thyroid disorders (i.e., Graves’ disease).Most hyperthyroid patients and selected patients affected by non-toxic thyroid disorders can be successfully cured using iodine-131, the first theragnostic agent in nuclear medicine. Indeed, it is able to treat thyroid disorder by β decay while γ-emission allows us to observe its distribution in the gland.Millions of people have worldwide been treated by iodine-131 since its first use by Dr. Saul Hertz in a young female patient affected by Graves’ disease.Being an effective and safe therapy, iodine-131 therapy is now considered as a therapeutic option both in selected pediatric patients such as in those affected by non-toxic goiter. In these latter, its use is more common than in the past.The present chapter is prompted to provide the readers with an updated overview on diagnostic and theragnostic approach to patients affected by benign thyroid disorders.

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Pichai, Tamilkani, Kalaiselvi Selvaraj, Karnan Muthusamy, et al. "Probiotics-based Anticancer Immunity in Thyroid Cancer." In Anticancer Immunity: Reviewing the Potential of Probiotics. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815165135123040008.

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Cancer is one of the major diseases that seriously endanger human health worldwide. The risk of developing cancer depends on genetic factors and the body's immune system. The intestinal microbiome plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis in the human body. After cardiovascular disease, the second-largest illness in terms of morbidity and mortality rate is cancer. Cancer has always been the focus of human attention worldwide, which makes it a research hotspot in the medical field. In recent years, the consumption of probiotics has been fetching in health-promoting foods for humans, therapeutic, prophylactic and growth supplements for animal production and human health. In medicine, various studies have demonstrated that probiotics can help in improving the immune system and intestinal health and the effect of probiotic therapy on antitumor treatment-related side effects; combined use of probiotic strains did have a positive protective effect for patients with specific immune function. Healthy gut microbiota has positive impacts not just on immune system activity but also on thyroid function. Dysbiosis has been detected in autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) and thyroid cancer, where many carcinogenic and inflammatory bacterial strains were found. The nature of the gut microbiome also influences the availability of important micronutrients for the thyroid gland. Iodine, iron, and copper are required for thyroid hormone synthesis, selenium and zinc are required for T4 to T3 conversion, and vitamin D aids in immune response regulation. These micronutrients are frequently lacking in AITDs, and lead to thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and T3 levels may fluctuate due to bariatric surgery, resulting in insufficient absorption of essential nutrients. Probiotic supplementation positively affected thyroid hormones and thyroid function in general. This chapter summarizes the role, mechanism of probiotics, clinical trials and effects of probiotics in thyroid cancer.

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Dongre, Nilima. "Perspective Chapter: Stimulation and Activation of the Pituitary Gland." In The Pituitary Gland - Diseases and Future Directions [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1002366.

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The pituitary gland no larger than a pea in shape is located at the base of the brain and is called the “master” gland of the endocrine system because it controls the functions of many other endocrine glands including thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, reproductive, and adrenal gland. The pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus (a part of the brain that affects the pituitary gland) by nerve fibers and blood vessels. The pituitary gland regulates the hormones that have to do with growth, digestion, protein absorption, use, and controlling blood pressure. Overactivity and underactivity of this pea-sized gland on the skull base of the brain can cause a various range of disorders. Since pituitary gland and hypothalamus work together so closely that if one of them is damaged, it can affect the hormonal function of the other. Endocrinologists treat the issues related to the abnormal functioning of this gland by therapeutic interventions. Now-a–days, the concept of mindfulness is widely accepted to treat endocrine disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology is the new upcoming branch in therapeutics of several neuroendocrine diseases. The pituitary gland disorders can also be corrected by lifestyle modifications like practicing certain yoga asanas, pranayama, and meditations.

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Graf, Hans, and Gilberto Paz-Filho. "Management of Non-Toxic Multinodular Goitre." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes 3e, edited by John A. H. Wass, Wiebke Arlt, and Robert K. Semple. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198870197.003.0075.

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Multinodular goitre (MNG) is a common thyroid disorder associated with more than one thyroid nodule. The clinical presentation varies from a completely asymptomatic goitre to a life-threatening disease with upper airway compression. Patients should have a careful clinical evaluation, thyroid function tests, ultrasonography, cross-sectional imaging, and fine-needle aspiration. The best therapeutic approach will depend on the size and location of the goitre, the presence of compressive symptoms and the clinical status. The recommended treatments include clinical observation, surgery, and administration of radioactive iodine (131I). Suppressive treatment with levothyroxine is discouraged due to its low efficacy compared with surgery or 131I and adverse effects. Total thyroidectomy is effective, but surgical complications may occur. The use of radioiodine after the elevation of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, either via the exogenous administration of recombinant human TSH or through the induction of transient primary subclinical hypothyroidism by antithyroid drugs, are relative novel alternative treatments.

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Ramachandran, R., and W. Dhillo. "Neuroendocrine tumour markers." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.0625.

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Neuroendocrine cells occur either singly or in small groups in a variety of tissues and organs. Although morphologically and embryologically diverse, they are characterized by a number of unifying features. They have dense core secretory vesicles in the cytoplasm and hormone receptors on the cell membranes. There is evidence of prohormone activity within the cells and they synthesize, store, and secrete hormones. In addition, neuroendocrine cells possess an ability to take up and decarboxylate amine precursors. Components of this diffuse endocrine system are particularly prominent in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, C cells of the thyroid, adrenal medulla, parathyroid tissue, respiratory tract, skin, and genitourinary system. Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are known to occur in all these tissues. Historically, the diagnosis of NET was made on the basis of characteristic histological findings. The significantly worse prognosis in advanced disease and the availability of multiple therapeutic options have highlighted the need for robust tumour markers that can be used both for diagnosis and follow-up. Currently, a number of normal and abnormal forms of peptides, biogenic amines, and hormones, secreted by NETs, are routinely measured as markers of disease. An ideal tumour marker would be one that is secreted exclusively by the tumour cells and is useful (1) for screening and differential diagnosis of NETs; (2) as a prognostic indicator; (3) as an estimate of tumour burden; and (4) as a surveillance tool. Although none of the currently available markers completely fits the paradigm for an ideal tumour marker, when measured in conjunction with each other, they are useful not only for making a diagnosis but also for monitoring response to therapy and in surveillance post-remission.

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Gunasekaran, Kalaipriya, and Ngiap Chuan Tan. "Optimizing Levothyroxine replacement in primary care practice." In Hypothyroidism - Causes, Screening and Therapeutic Approaches [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1005906.

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Individuals with hypothyroidism will require lifelong thyroxine replacement therapy to alleviate symptoms and prevent long-term consequences. Levothyroxine (LT4), a synthetic form of thyroxine (T4), is the standard and most prescribed medication for managing hypothyroidism. Triiodothyronine (T3) is another thyroid hormone that can be used in replacement therapy, but it is not typically used as a first-line treatment. However, a combination of T4 and T3 may be considered in uncommon situations when T4 to T3 conversions are reduced. Optimal replacement therapy is individualized, and factors such as age, weight, etiology, comorbidities, and medication interactions must be considered while determining LT4 dose. In addition, individuals on LT4 replacement therapy (TRT) require regular monitoring with thyroid function tests (TFT) and dose adjustments to maintain optimal thyroid function. Individualizing LT4 dosing based on specific factors such as age, weight, comorbidities, and concomitant medications is crucial to achieving optimal thyroid hormone levels and improving patient outcomes. The chapter also explores potential factors that can interfere with LT4 absorption and metabolism, including gastrointestinal conditions, dietary supplements, and drug interactions. Various LT4 formulations are discussed, highlighting differences in bioavailability and their impact on treatment efficacy.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Thyroid hormones Therapeutic use"

Ferreira, Christian G., Isabela P. Paim, Mirelly A. Tomaz, Isadora Â. Borges, Andressa M. Maciel, and Ana B. M. Sallum. "Major depressive disorder caused by abrupt cessation of anabolic steroid use: Case report." In III SEVEN INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/seveniiimulti2023-263.

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This case report shows how the misuse of anabolic steroids can lead to psychological, physiological and somatic disorders and disturbances that significantly affect a person's life. The patient in question presents depressive symptoms, in addition to gynecomastia, after indiscriminate use of anabolic hormones followed by its sudden interruption. After laboratory, clinical and imaging evaluation, a diagnosis of major depressive disorder with anxiety components was made. A drug therapeutic intervention was proposed for symptomatic control, as well as a surgical evaluation for varicocele correcti

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Silva, Mayana Cerqueira Martins da, Alfredo Guerra Netto, Camila Cardoso Barbosa, et al. "Pickardt syndrome." In II SEVEN INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL AND NURSING CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/iicongressmedicalnursing-018.

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Introduction: The Pickardt-Fahlbusch syndrome, very rare, is found in the group of endocrine syndromes of interruption of the pituitary nail, resulting in tertiary hypothyroidism. The pathophysiology is not fully elucidated, suggesting alterations of chromosomal orders. Case presentation: A 13-year-old female patient, born in Gama - DF, was admitted to the emergency room of the Santa Maria Regional Hospital (HRSM) with decreased level of consciousness associated with severe hypoglycemia, showing improvement after reversal of hypoglycemia. Discussion: There is a higher prevalence of Pickardt-Fa

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Merrill, S., S. R. Chipkin, J. Horowitz, C. V. Hollot, A. C. Traino, and Y. Chait. "Accuracy and Optimal Timing of Activity Measurements in Estimating Absorbed Dose of Radioiodine in the Treatment of Graves’ Disease." In ASME 2010 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2010-4276.

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Calculation of the therapeutic activity of radioiodine 131I for individualized dosimetry in the treatment of Graves’ disease requires an accurate estimate of the thyroid absorbed radiation dose based on a tracer activity administration of 131I. Common approaches (Marinelli-Quimby formula, MIRD algorithm) use, respectively, the effective half-life of radioiodine in the thyroid and the cumulative activity. Many physicians perform one, two, or at most three tracer dose activity measurements at various times and calculate the required therapeutic activity by ad hoc methods. In this paper, we study

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Mohbeddin, Abeer, Nawar Haj Ahmed, and Layla Kamareddine. "The use of Drosophila Melanogaster as a Model Organism to study the effect of Innate Immunity on Metabolism." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0224.

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Apart from its traditional role in disease control, recent body of evidence has implicated a role of the immune system in regulating metabolic homeostasis. Owing to the importance of this “immune-metabolic alignment” in dictating a state of health or disease, a proper mechanistic understanding of this alignment is crucial in opening up for promising therapeutic approaches against a broad range of chronic, metabolic, and inflammatory disorders like obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel syndrome. In this project, we addressed the role of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of tr

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Al-Asmar, Jawaher, Sara Rashwan, and Layla Kamareddine. "The use of Drosophila Melanogaster as a Model Organism to study the effect of Bacterial Infection on Host Survival and Metabolism." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0186.

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Enterobacteriaceae, a large family of facultative anaerobic bacteria, encloses a broad spectrum of bacterial species including Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Shigella sonnei, that produce enterotoxins and cause gastrointestinal tract diseases. While much is known about the regulation and function of enterotoxins within the intestine of the host; the lack of cheap, practical, and genetically tractable model organisms has restricted the investigation of others facets of this host-pathogen interaction. Our group, among others, has employed Drosophila melanogaster, as a model organism

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Araldi, Bianca Barbosa, Victor Hugo Gomes, Bruno Ludvig Vieira, et al. "Effects of multiple sclerosis in pregnant and post-birth: particularities of the disease activity." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.704.

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Introduction: Demyelinating diseases are a heterogeneous group of neurological diseases related to autoimmunity whose representative is Multiple Sclerosis (MS). It is characterized by an immune-mediated demyelination of the central nervous system, with a typical outbreak and remission clinic. During pregnancy, a reduction in disease activity was noted due to immunomodulatory effects, and an increase in outbreaks in the puerperium. Thus, our goal is to demonstrate the relationship between pregnancy and MS. Methods: This is a systematic bibliographic review based on searching the SCIELO, PUBMED

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Звіти організацій з теми "Thyroid hormones Therapeutic use"

Boisclair, Yves R., and Arieh Gertler. Development and Use of Leptin Receptor Antagonists to Increase Appetite and Adaptive Metabolism in Ruminants. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697120.bard.

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Objectives The original project had 2 major objectives: (1) To determine the effects of centrally administered leptin antagonist on appetite and adaptive metabolism in the sheep; (2) To develop and prepare second-generation leptin antagonists combining high binding affinity and prolonged in vivo half-life. Background Periods of suboptimal nutrition or exaggerated metabolic activity demands lead to a state of chronic energy insufficiency. Ruminants remain productive for a surprisingly long period of time under these circumstances by evoking adaptations sparing available energy and nutrients. Th

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