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Статті в журналах з теми "Time-dependent measurements"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 13 вересня 2021

Оновлено: 1 лютого 2022

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1

Messina, A. R., P. Esquivel, and F. Lezama. "Time-Dependent Statistical Analysis of Wide-Area Time-Synchronized Data." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2010 (2010): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/751659.

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Characterization of spatial and temporal changes in the dynamic patterns of a nonstationary process is a problem of great theoretical and practical importance. On-line monitoring of large-scale power systems by means of time-synchronized Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) provides the opportunity to analyze and characterize inter-system oscillations. Wide-area measurement sets, however, are often relatively large, and may contain phenomena with differing temporal scales. Extracting from these measurements the relevant dynamics is a difficult problem. As the number of observations of real events continues to increase, statistical techniques are needed to help identify relevant temporal dynamics from noise or random effects in measured data. In this paper, a statistically based, data-driven framework that integrates the use of wavelet-based EOF analysis and a sliding window-based method is proposed to identify and extract, in near-real-time, dynamically independent spatiotemporal patterns from time synchronized data. The method deals with the information in space and time simultaneously, and allows direct tracking and characterization of the nonstationary time-frequency dynamics of oscillatory processes. The efficiency and accuracy of the developed procedures for extracting localized information of power system behavior from time-synchronized phasor measurements of a real event in Mexico is assessed.

2

Karatekin, Erdem, Margaret Landis, George Lem, Ben O'Shaughnessy, and Nicholas J. Turro. "Photocopying Living Chains. 2. Time-Dependent Measurements." Macromolecules 34, no. 23 (November 2001): 8202–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma0100798.

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3

Frisch, J. C., and J. E. Edighoffer. "Time-dependent measurements on the SCA/FEL." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 296, no. 1-3 (October 1990): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(90)91181-a.

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4

Ankner, J. F., and Ch Rehm. "Time-dependent measurements at the SNS liquids reflectometer." Physica B: Condensed Matter 336, no. 1-2 (August 2003): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(03)00271-0.

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5

Mazzoni, Maria Alessandra. "Time-dependent measurements with BaBar at PEP-II." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 111, no. 1-3 (November 2002): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(02)01680-8.

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6

Fleury, M. "Measurement of interfacial area from NMR time dependent diffusion and relaxation measurements." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 509 (January 2018): 495–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.024.

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7

Beck, A., I. Israelashvili, U. Wengrowicz, E. N. Caspi, I. Yaar, A. Osovizki, A. Ocherashvili, et al. "Time dependent measurements of induced fission for SNM interrogation." Journal of Instrumentation 8, no. 08 (August 27, 2013): P08011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/8/08/p08011.

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8

Lechleiter, Armin, and John W. Schlasche. "Identifying Lamé parameters from time-dependent elastic wave measurements." Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering 25, no. 1 (January 19, 2016): 2–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17415977.2015.1132713.

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9

Mair, Ross W., David G. Cory, Sharon Peled, Ching-Hua Tseng, Samuel Patz, and Ronald L. Walsworth. "Pulsed-Field-Gradient Measurements of Time-Dependent Gas Diffusion." Journal of Magnetic Resonance 135, no. 2 (December 1998): 478–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmre.1998.1588.

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10

Gerken, Thies, and Armin Lechleiter. "Reconstruction of a time-dependent potential from wave measurements." Inverse Problems 33, no. 9 (August 23, 2017): 094001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6420/aa7e07.

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11

Mohamed, Ibrahim O., and Eihab Hassan. "Time-Dependent and Time-Independent Rheological Characterization of Date Syrup." Journal of Food Research 5, no. 2 (March 7, 2016): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v5n2p13.

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The time-dependent and time-independent rheological properties of Barhi date syrup have been investigated. Rheological measurements were performed with a rotational viscometer with parallel plate geometry. The date syrup showed thixotropic behavior and a first order exponential decay model characterized the time-dependent behavior. The rate constant of the structure breakdown was found to be a function of shear rate. The steady shear flow measurements showed that the date syrup is a non-Newtonian material fit the power law model (p <0.001). The Arrhenius model described the effect of temperature on consistency coefficient; the estimated parameters from the Arrhenius equation were used to develop a prediction rheological model for the apparent viscosity. The model accurately predicts the experimental data even when extrapolating beyond parameter estimation temperature range. The time-independent viscosity model was satisfactory for modeling date syrup despite the presence of thixotropic behavior.

12

Burton, S. P., L. W. Thomason, and J. M. Zawodny. "Technical Note: A time-dependent calibration correction for solar occultation instruments." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 5 (September 28, 2009): 20259–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-20259-2009.

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Abstract. Solar occultation has proven to be a reliable technique for the measurement of atmospheric constituents in the stratosphere. NASA's Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiments (SAGE, SAGE II, and SAGE III) together have provided over 25 years of quality solar occultation data, a data record which has been an important resource for the scientific exploration of atmospheric composition and climate change. Herein, we describe an improvement to the processing of SAGE data that corrects for a previously uncorrected short-term time-dependence in the calibration function. The variability relates to the apparent rotation of the scanning track with respect to the face of the sun due to the motion of the satellite. Correcting for this effect results in a decrease in the measurement noise in the Level 1 line-of-sight optical depth measurements of approximately 40% in the middle and upper stratospheric SAGE II and III observations where it has been applied. The technique is potentially useful for any scanning solar occultation instrument, and suggests further improvement for future occultation measurements if a full disk imaging system can be included.

13

Burton, S. P., L. W. Thomason, and J. M. Zawodny. "Technical Note: Time-dependent limb-darkening calibration for solar occultation instruments." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 1 (January 4, 2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-1-2010.

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Abstract. Solar occultation has proven to be a reliable technique for the measurement of atmospheric constituents in the stratosphere. NASA's Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiments (SAGE, SAGE II, and SAGE III) together have provided over 25 years of quality solar occultation data, a data record which has been an important resource for the scientific exploration of atmospheric composition and climate change. Herein, we describe an improvement to the processing of SAGE data that corrects for a previously uncorrected short-term time-dependence in the calibration function. The variability relates to the apparent rotation of the scanning track with respect to the face of the sun due to the motion of the satellite. Correcting for this effect results in a decrease in the measurement noise in the Level 1 line-of-sight optical depth measurements of approximately 40% in the middle and upper stratospheric SAGE II and III observations where it has been applied. The technique is potentially useful for any scanning solar occultation instrument and suggests further improvement for future occultation measurements if a full disk imaging system can be included.

14

Ton, Bui An. "Time-dependent Stokes equations with measure data." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2003, no. 17 (2003): 953–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1085337503308012.

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We establish the existence of a unique solution of an initial boundary value problem for the nonstationary Stokes equations in a bounded fixed cylindrical domain with measure data. Feedback laws yield the source and its intensity from the partial measurements of the solution in a subdomain.

15

Young, S. L., and C. F. Shoemaker. "Time‐dependent flow measurements of Na–caseinate coated polystyrene latices." Journal of Rheology 34, no. 7 (October 1990): 1149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.550078.

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16

Eichstädt, S., V. Wilkens, A. Dienstfrey, P. Hale, B. Hughes, and C. Jarvis. "On challenges in the uncertainty evaluation for time-dependent measurements." Metrologia 53, no. 4 (June 14, 2016): S125—S135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/53/4/s125.

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17

Silvestre, C., and J. R. Hauser. "Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown Measurements on RPECVD and Thermal Oxides." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 142, no. 11 (November 1, 1995): 3881–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2048428.

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18

Silvestre, C., and J. R. Hauser. "Time-dependent dielectric breakdown measurements on RPECVD and thermal oxides." Thin Solid Films 277, no. 1-2 (May 1996): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(95)08017-1.

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19

Moyer, Patrick, and Wes Parker. "High-Resolution Intracellular Viscosity Measurements using Time-Dependent Fluorescence Anisotropy." Biophysical Journal 98, no. 3 (January 2010): 579a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.3147.

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20

BALACHANDRAN, A. P., and S. M. ROY. "CONTINUOUS TIME-DEPENDENT MEASUREMENTS: QUANTUM ANTI-ZENO PARADOX WITH APPLICATIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 17, no. 28 (November 10, 2002): 4007–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x0201056x.

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We derive differential equations for the modified Feynman propagator and for the density operator describing time-dependent measurements or histories continuous in time. We obtain an exact series solution and discuss its applications. Suppose the system is initially in a state with density operator ρ(0) and the projection operator E(t) = U(t) EU†(t) is measured continuously from t = 0 to T, where E is a projector obeying Eρ(0)E = ρ(0) and U(t) a unitary operator obeying U(0) = 1 and some smoothness conditions in t. Then the probability of always finding E(t) = 1 from t = 0 to T is unity. Generically E(T) ≠ E and the watched system is sure to change its state, which is the anti-Zeno paradox noted by us recently. Our results valid for projectors of arbitrary rank generalize those obtained by Anandan and Aharonov for projectors of unit rank.

21

Pereira, A. S., and J. A. H. da Jornada. "Environment and time dependent hardness in zirconia." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 5 (May 1994): 1059–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.1059.

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The microhardness of monoclinic ZrO2 single-crystals was measured in different environments: air, water, and toluene. An indentation creep process at room temperature was observed for the measurements in moist media pointing for a water-activated plastic relaxation mechanism. This effect is discussed employing the models previously proposed to explain similar behaviors in ZrO2 and other nonmetallic materials. A possible correlation with the conditions for the nucleation in phase transitions is proposed.

22

Sang, Hong, Hong Nie, and Jun Zhao. "Dwell-time-dependent asynchronous H∞ filtering for discrete-time switched systems with missing measurements." Signal Processing 151 (October 2018): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2018.04.028.

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23

Filippov, Sergey N. "Quantum dynamics intervened by repeated nonselective measurements." International Journal of Quantum Information 15, no. 08 (December 2017): 1740027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749917400275.

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We derive the theory of open quantum system dynamics intervened by a series of nonselective measurements. We analyze the cases of time-independent and time-dependent Hamiltonian dynamics between the measurements and find the approximate master equation in the stroboscopic limit. We also consider a situation, in which the measurement basis changes in time, and illustrate it by nonselective measurements in the basis of diabatic states of the Landau–Zener model.

24

Herald, Matthew, Zachary Bingham, Roque Santos, and Arthur Ruggles. "Simulated time-dependent data to estimate uncertainty in fluid flow measurements." Nuclear Engineering and Design 337 (October 2018): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2018.07.005.

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25

Richter, S. M., and E. M. Sevick-Muraca. "Characterization of concentrated colloidal suspensions using time-dependent photon migration measurements." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 172, no. 1-3 (October 2000): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-7757(00)00581-1.

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26

Young, Chadwin D., Gennadi Bersuker, Yuegang Zhao, Jeff J. Peterson, Joel Barnett, George A. Brown, Jang H. Sim, Rino Choi, Byoung Hun Lee, and Peter Zeitzoff. "Probing stress effects in HfO2 gate stacks with time dependent measurements." Microelectronics Reliability 45, no. 5-6 (May 2005): 806–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2004.11.043.

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27

Wilson, Preston S., Ronald A. Roy, and William M. Carey. "Measurements of the time-dependent attenuation in a nonstationary bubble distribution." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 111, no. 5 (2002): 2346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4777863.

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28

Chelton, Dudley B., and Michael G. Schlax. "Spectral characteristics of time-dependent orbit errors in altimeter height measurements." Journal of Geophysical Research 98, no. C7 (1993): 12579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93jc00721.

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29

Li, Hua, Xiaoyu Jiang, Jingping Xie, J. Oliver McIntyre, John C. Gore, and Junzhong Xu. "Time-Dependent Influence of Cell Membrane Permeability on MR Diffusion Measurements." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 75, no. 5 (June 11, 2015): 1927–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.25724.

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30

SAKAMOTO, Shigeyasu, Yoshiaki FUJITA, Otohiko AIZAWA, Akito TAKAHASHI, and Kenji SUMITA. "Measurements of Time-Dependent Neutron Spectra from Low-Temperature Ice Block." Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 24, no. 9 (September 1987): 693–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18811248.1987.9735869.

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31

Frazin, R. A., M. D. Butala, A. Kemball, and F. Kamalabadi. "Time-dependent Reconstruction of Nonstationary Objects with Tomographic or Interferometric Measurements." Astrophysical Journal 635, no. 2 (December 6, 2005): L197—L200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/499431.

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32

Stammer, Detlef, and Christian Dieterich. "Space-Borne Measurements of the Time-Dependent Geostrophic Ocean Flow Field." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 16, no. 9 (September 1999): 1198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1999)016<1198:sbmott>2.0.co;2.

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33

Campo, E. M., L. Hopkins, M. Pophristic, and I. T. Ferguson. "Simultaneous specimen current and time-dependent cathodoluminescence measurements on gallium nitride." Journal of Applied Physics 119, no. 24 (June 28, 2016): 245108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4954685.

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34

Fritsch, J., W. Stille, and G. Strobl. "Investigation of polymer crystallization kinetics with time dependent light attenuation measurements." Colloid and Polymer Science 284, no. 6 (February 14, 2006): 620–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00396-005-1408-0.

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35

Ip, Leong-Teng, Larry L. Baxter, Andrew J. Mackrory, and Dale R. Tree. "Surface temperature and time-dependent measurements of black liquor droplet combustion." AIChE Journal 54, no. 7 (2008): 1926–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.11504.

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36

Li, Wangyan, Guoliang Wei, and Licheng Wang. "Probability-Dependent Static Output Feedback Control for Discrete-Time Nonlinear Stochastic Systems with Missing Measurements." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/696742.

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This paper is devoted to the problems of gain-scheduled control for a class of discrete-time stochastic systems with infinite-distributed delays and missing measurements by utilizing probability-dependent Lyapunov functional. The missing-measurement phenomenon is assumed to occur in a random way, and the missing probability is time varying with securable upper and lower bounds that can be measured in real time. The purpose is to design a static output feedback controller with scheduled gains such that, for the admissible random missing measurements, time delays, and noises, the closed-loop system is exponentially mean-square stable. At last, a simulation example is exploited to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design procedures.

37

Heyn, Martin F., and Mikhail I. Pudovkin. "A time-dependent model of magnetic field annihilation." Journal of Plasma Physics 49, no. 1 (February 1993): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800016779.

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Quasi-periodic variations in the electric field intensity near the dayside magnetopause are studied within a planar, dissipative MHD model of a stagnation-line flow embedded in a rectilinear magnetic field. The model is based on an exact time-dependent solution of the resistive MHD equations applied to a Parker-type diffusion region of field-line merging. The results lead to the prediction of certain relations between physical parameters of the solar- wind plasma, and these are compared with actual measurements.

38

Elster, C., A. Link, and T. Bruns. "Analysis of dynamic measurements and determination of time-dependent measurement uncertainty using a second-order model." Measurement Science and Technology 18, no. 12 (October 19, 2007): 3682–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/18/12/002.

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39

Anastopoulos, Anastos, Panaghiotis Nikitas, and Demetrios Jannakoudakis. "Time dependent interfacial behaviour of tributylphosphine oxide at the mercury-solution interface." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 50, no. 12 (1985): 2804–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19852804.

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A series of methods are used for the quantitative description of the time dependent interfacial behaviour of tributylphosphine oxide (TBPO). These methods include measurements of the interfacial tension by a capillary electrometer as well as differential capacitance measurements with a dropping mercury electrode (D.M.E.) of short drop times (⪬5 s), a D.M.E. of large drop times (~20 s) and a hanging mercury drop electrode (H.M.D.E.). The capacitance measurements with large drop times reveal the existence of peculiarities during the development of the adsorption film. The adsorption equilibrium of TBPO, at the vicinity of the adsorption maximum, is generally established within times shorter than 10 s. At the region of the adsorption pseudocapacity, time intervals ranging from 200 to 400 seconds are required for the equilibrium. The adsorption parameters derived with the large drop time D.M.E., are in reasonable agreement with those obtained by electrocapillary measurements.

40

Cao, K., and D. Lesnic. "Reconstruction of the space-dependent perfusion coefficient from final time or time-average temperature measurements." Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 337 (August 2018): 150–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2018.01.010.

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41

Vali, G., and J. R. Snider. "Time-dependent freezing rate parcel model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 21 (November 25, 2014): 29305–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-29305-2014.

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Abstract. The Time-Dependent Freezing Rate (TDFR) model here described represents the formation of ice particles by immersion freezing within an air parcel. The air parcel trajectory follows an adiabatic ascent and includes a period at time with the parcel remaining stationary at the top of its ascent. The description of the ice nucleating particles (INPs) in the air parcel is taken from laboratory experiments with cloud and precipitation samples and is assumed to represent the INP content of the cloud droplets in the parcel. Time-dependence is included to account for variations in updraft velocity and for the continued formation of ice particles at isothermal conditions. The magnitudes of these factors are assessed on the basis of laboratory measurements. Results show that both factors give rise to factors of about 3 variations in ice concentration for a realistic range of the input parameters. Refinements of the parameters specifying time-dependence and INP concentrations are needed to make the results more specific to different atmospheric aerosol types. The simple model framework described in this paper can be adapted to more elaborate cloud models. The results here presented can help guide decisions on whether to include a time-dependent ice nucleation scheme or a simpler singular description in models.

42

Vali, G., and J. R. Snider. "Time-dependent freezing rate parcel model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 4 (February 25, 2015): 2071–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2071-2015.

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Abstract. The time-dependent freezing rate (TDFR) model here described represents the formation of ice particles by immersion freezing within an air parcel. The air parcel trajectory follows an adiabatic ascent and includes a period in time when the parcel remains stationary at the top of its ascent. The description of the ice nucleating particles (INPs) in the air parcel is taken from laboratory experiments with cloud and precipitation samples and is assumed to represent the INP content of the cloud droplets in the parcel. Time dependence is included to account for variations in updraft velocity and for the continued formation of ice particles under isothermal conditions. The magnitudes of these factors are assessed on the basis of laboratory measurements. Results show that both factors give rise to three-fold variations in ice concentration for a realistic range of the input parameters. Refinements of the parameters specifying time dependence and INP concentrations are needed to make the results more specific to different atmospheric aerosol types. The simple model framework described in this paper can be adapted to more elaborate cloud models. The results here presented can help guide decisions on whether to include a time-dependent ice nucleation scheme or a simpler singular description in models.

43

ISHINO, HIROKAZU. "BELLE RESULTS ON TIME DEPENDENT CP VIOLATION IN B DECAYS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 02n03 (January 30, 2005): 365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05021531.

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We report on measurements of time-dependent CP-violation parameters in neutral B meson systems based on a 140fb -1 data sample collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB energy-asymmetric e+e- collider. One B meson is fully reconstructed in one of the CP eigenstate decay channels, and its flavor is identified from the decay products of the accompanying B meson. The CP-violation parameters are extracted from the asymmetries in the distributions of the proper-time intervals between the two B decays. The parameter sin 2ϕ1 is measured with the decay modes including the b→c tree and b→s penguin transitions, and sin 2ϕ2 is obtained from the decay mode B→π+π-. A brief discussion of the ϕ3 measurements with B→D(*)∓π± decays is also given.

44

Xia, Xinsheng, D. C. Van Hoesen, Matthew E. McKenzie, Randall E. Youngman, Ozgur Gulbiten, and K. F. Kelton. "Time-dependent nucleation rate measurements in BaO⋅2SiO2 and 5BaO⋅8SiO2 glasses." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 525 (December 2019): 119575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2019.119575.

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45

BARZ, DOMINIK P. J., HAMID FARANGIS ZADEH, and PETER EHRHARD. "Measurements and simulations of time-dependent flow fields within an electrokinetic micromixer." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 676 (April 14, 2011): 265–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.44.

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Анотація:

We investigate the flow field in an electrokinetic micromixer. The concept of the micromixer is based on the combination of an alternating electrical field applied to a pressure-driven base flow in a meander–channel geometry. The presence of the electrical field leads to an additional electro-osmotic velocity contribution, which results in a complex flow field within the meander bends. The velocity fields within the meander are measured by means of a microparticle-image velocimetry method. Furthermore, we introduce a mathematical model, describing the electrical and fluid-mechanical phenomena present within the device, and perform simulations comparable to the experiments. The comparison of simulations and experiments reveals good agreement, with minor discrepancies in flow topology, obviously caused by small but crucial differences between experimental and numerical geometries. In detail, simulations are performed for sharp corners of the bends, while in the experiments these corners are rounded due to the microfabrication process.

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Champney, Thomas H., Gregg C. Allen, Michael Zannelli, and Lee Anne Beausang. "Time-dependent effects of melatonin on immune measurements in male Syrian hamsters." Journal of Pineal Research 25, no. 3 (November 1998): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079x.1998.tb00552.x.

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47

Schmidt, Curt. "Temperature-dependent AC loss and time constant measurements in high-Tc superconductors." Cryogenics 41, no. 5-6 (May 2001): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-2275(01)00088-1.

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48

Itoh, Ryosuke. "Measurements of time dependent CP asymmetry in B → VV decays with BELLE." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 117 (April 2003): 512–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(03)90605-0.

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49

Stappers, L., and J. Fransaer. "Effect of time dependent concentration gradients on electrochemical atomic force microscopy measurements." Journal of Applied Physics 92, no. 9 (November 2002): 5543–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1511806.

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50

Takeda, Kunio, and Yoshiko Moriyama. "Unavoidable time-dependent ellipticity changes of proteins in the current CD measurements." Journal of the American Chemical Society 113, no. 17 (August 1991): 6700–6701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00017a067.

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