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Дисертації з теми "Treatment and prevention of tuberculosis"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Djoba, Siawaya Joel Fleury. "Immune parameters as biomarkers of Mycobacterium tuberculosis sterilization during anti-tuberculosis treatment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21436.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2008.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Setting Study conducted in Tygerberg, Cape Town in South Africa. Hypothesis Host biomarkers associated with the antimycobacterial immune response during active infection with M. tuberculosis and during anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy are indicative of bacterial killing in the host and can be used in models to predict eventual treatment outcome. Objectives 1. To investigate immune parameters that were selected in a biological context as biomarkers of the extent of disease and early response to anti-tuberculosis treatment. 2.

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2

Leeming-Latham, Clare Louise. "The seed and the soil : tuberculosis prevention and treatment in England, 1940-1974." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2012. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.694636.

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This thesis investigates the evolution of medical responses to tuberculosis in England between 1940 and 1974. Set against the backdrop of the reorganisation of health care in 1948, it uses case material from the West Midlands to expose how changing national, regional and local circumstances influenced disease prevention and treatment strategies in an under-researched timeframe. Chapter 1 explores the use of BCG vaccination as a tuberculosis prevention measure, within the context of the national and international debates over its efficacy. After analysing the impact of the mass vaccination prog

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3

Visser, Hanri. "Mechanisms of resistance to new generation anti-TB drugs." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96863.

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Thesis (MScMedSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an increasing global problem. Drug resistance is mostly caused by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the bacterial genome. This observed increase in global incidence of drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) has sparked the search for new anti-TB drugs and the repurposing of drugs that are currently used against other organisms or species of mycobacteria. One such repurposed drug, clofazimine (CFZ), is currently used for the treatment of leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium

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4

Richner, Sharon M. "The measurement of genetic diversity in mycobacterium tuberculosis using random amplified polymorphic DNA profiling." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004068.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis has caused a resurgence in pulmonary disease in both developed and developing countries in recent times, particularly amongst people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. The disease has assumed epidemic proportions in South Africa and in the Eastern Cape Province in particular. Of further concern is the isolation of increasing numbers of multiply drug resistant strains. Knowledge of the genetic capability of this organism is essential for the successful development of novel antibiotics and vaccines in an attempt to bring the global pandemic under control.

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5

Naidoo, Pamela. "Exploring tuberculosis (TB) patient's adherence to treatment regimens and prevention programmes at a public healt site." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9431.

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Includes bibliographical references.<br>The aim of this study was to explore the factors that contribute to TB patient's adherence to the Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS) strategy and the factors that serve as barriers to adherence. The study was set in a historically disadvantaged township, KhayeIitsha, a sub-district of the City of Cape Town in the Western Cape Province. A qualitative, phenomenological research design, which is part of an ethnographic tradition, was used.

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6

Musarapasi, Normusa. "Review of outcomes for isoniazid preventive therapy among HIV infected clients at a clinic in Swaziland." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6887.

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Magister Public Health - MPH<br>Background: TB is one of the most common opportunistic infections in the HIV infected population. In 2014, of the 9.6 million people estimated to have TB globally, 1.2 million were also infected with HIV. In the same year WHO reported 400 000 TB deaths in HIV infected people worldwide. TB Prevention strategies include ensuring HIV infected people take ART, TB infection control, treatment of TB cases and pharmacological prevention of primary TB infection or progression of latent TB into active TB. Isoniazid preventive therapy for a minimum of six months has been

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7

Dobler, Claudia Caroline. "Towards a decision aid for treatment of latent tuberculosis infection." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11732.

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The decision to give preventive treatment to a person with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a complex one in which morbidity and mortality from potential progression to active tuberculosis (TB) is weighed against the morbidity and mortality associated with potential adverse effects of treatment. Without objective evidence and careful, model-based evaluation of the evidence, it is likely the risks and benefits of the two alternative strategies (treatment or no treatment) will be inaccurately assessed. It is therefore apparent that medical practitioners need assistance when making decisio

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8

Grobbelaar, Melanie. "Adaptation of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis transcriptome in response to rifampicin." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20387.

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Thesis (MScMedSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Anti-tuberculosis drugs target specific essential cellular processes and structural components. The first line drug, rifampicin (RIF) is a RNA polymerase inhibitor which targets the β-subunit and subsequently inhibits the initiation of transcription. Previous proteomic and transcriptomic analyses have shown that exposure to RIF for 24hrs significantly increased the abundance of proteins involved in energy metabolism in clinical isolates. No studies have been done to describe the transcriptional responses to RIF in an in vit

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9

Birungi, Francine Mwayuma. "An evaluation of Isoniazid prophylaxis treatment and the role of Xpert MTB/RIF test in improving the diagnosis and prevention of tuberculosis in children exposed to index cases with pulmonary tuberculosis in Kigali, Rwanda." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6880.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD<br>Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children (<15 years) in resource-limited countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) identified active contact screening and isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) as essential actions for detecting and preventing childhood TB. Despite their benefits and inclusion in the policy of most National TB Programme (NTP) guidelines of the resource-limited countries, there is still a wide gap between policy and implementation. The implementation of contact screening for active case finding might

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10

Rakotonirina, El-C.-Julio. "Contextualiser le programme pour un meilleur contrôle de la tuberculose à Madagascar." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210103.

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Résumé exécutif.<p>Introduction.<p>La tuberculose est une maladie infectieuse qui constitue un fardeau pour la société et en ce sens qu’elle est responsable d’un important taux de mortalité spécifique, surtout dans les pays en développement. Malgré les grands progrès en termes de méthodes de diagnostic, de prévention et de traitement, près de 9 millions de nouveaux cas apparaissent chaque année au niveau mondial et les 30% se trouvent en Afrique. On estime que la tuberculose est responsable de près de 2 millions de morts par an, principalement parmi les populations les plus pauvres. Pourtant,

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11

Van, Soelen Nelda. "An evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the introduction of an isoniazid prophylaxis treatment (IPT) register for tuberculosis contact management in children less than five years of age in a high-burden community healthcare clinic (CHC) setting in the Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97286.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Childhood tuberculosis is an infectious disease that can cause serious illness and mortality in especially young children. Following contact with an infectious adult tuberculosis case, the disease is easily preventable through preventive isoniazid treatment, yet very few exposed and at-risk children currently access this healthcare service in most high-burden settings. Previous research pointed out the multifactorial and complex nature of the barriers to accessing preventive care. Specifically, the lack of a formalised recording

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12

Santana, Claudinei Alves. "Avaliação da taxa de dispensação de isoniazida utilizada no tratamento preventivo de tuberculose em serviço especializado em HIV/aids." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-04092014-143406/.

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INTRODUÇÃO: A Tuberculose (TB) e a Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS) são, individualmente, grandes ameaças à saúde pública. As epidemias de AIDS e TB são sinérgicas e criaram uma crise de grandes proporções e desafios para o manejo clínico dos doentes, serviços de saúde e órgãos governamentais. A infecção pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) é um dos principais fatores de risco para TB. O tratamento de pacientes com HIV ou aids e TB requer o uso concomitante de medicamentos tuberculostáticos e antirretrovirais, e as dificuldades a serem superadas incluem alto número de compr

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13

Rockwood, Neesha. "Determinants of tuberculosis treatment outcomes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/54384.

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Background: Despite 6 months of standardised tuberculosis treatment, unsuccessful treatment outcomes (acquired drug resistance, failure, relapse) may occur in a subset of patients with drug-susceptible tuberculosis. The aim of this thesis was to study determinants of treatment outcomes in rifampicin susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in a setting with a high prevalence of HIV-1 co-infection. Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out to determine the frequency and determinants of acquired drug resistance. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of sputum TB isolates was determined

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14

Escombe, Adrian Roderick. "The detection and prevention of airborne tuberculosis transmission." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7286.

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15

Schultz, Joella G. (Joella Grosser) 1937. "Tuberculosis prevention: A program for incarcerated adolescent males." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278540.

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This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a tuberculosis (TB) educational and behavioral intervention with incarcerated adolescent males, aged 11 to 17, who were taking Isoniazid for TB infection. Using a quasi-experimental design, a treatment group (n=10) and a comparison group (n=10) were given a knowledge pretest and posttest, self-esteem scale, and health value scale. Additionally, the treatment group received the intervention. Research questions addressed both knowledge and completion of therapy. Analysis of data on differences in TB knowledge between the two groups using t

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16

Donnellan, Samantha Mary Kate. "Nanomedicines for the treatment of tuberculosis." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/3094.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the bacterium responsible for the human disease tuberculosis (TB). This study aimed to develop a rapid, low cost assay for screening the anti-mycobacterial properties of new therapies. This assay employed a Green Fluorescent Protein reporter strain of Mycobacteruim avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map), a pathogenic species causing paratuberculosis in ruminants that can be considered a model for Mtb. Mycobacterial growth over time was monitored by fluorescence, testing new potential therapies including metal and drug nanoparticles (NPs), over a range of co

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17

Umaimainthan, Palendira. "Improving vaccines against tuberculosis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27934.

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Tuberculosis (TB) still remains a major health hazard worldwide. The only vaccine currently available, M bovis BCG, has had little impact on the prevalence of TB and there is an urgent need for the development of a new anti-TB vaccine or an improved form of BCG. Subunit vaccines induce effective anti-mycobacterial immune responses and afford partial protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in animal models. It is necessary however, to increase the efficacy of these vaccines in order to make them potential alternatives to the current BCG vaccine. This study has explored various w

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18

Ngai, Wing-sum Stephen, and 魏永森. "Improve tuberculosis control in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193806.

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More than one-third of the world population is infected with Tuberculosis (TB). World Health Organization has declared Tuberculosis as a global public health emergency in 1993. The people, affected by TB, are usually living in developing countries. In fact, TB is especially prevalent in Southeast Asia. China has been listed as a country with a high TB burden yet there are 150 “one-way permit” holders, across the border in China, for settlement purposes in Hong Kong. There is neither any health requirement nor obligatory physical examination before entry into Hong Kong. Unlike other developed c

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19

Longley, Nicky. "Cryptococcal meningitis : treatment and prevention." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2018. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.754067.

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Background Cryptococcal meningitis and tuberculosis are the lead causes of mortality in late stage HIV. I examine the treatment and prevention of Cryptococcal disease and early detection of Tuberculosis in Sub- Saharan Africa. Methods I conducted 4 studies: 1. Dose-response effect of high dose fluconazole for HIV-associated Cryptococcal Meningitis. 2. Cryptococcal Antigen Screening in Patients Initiating ART: A Prospective Cohort Study 3. Evaluation of a Public-sector, Provider-initiated Cryptococcal Antigen Screening and Treatment Program. 4. The predictive value of urine lipoarabinomannan la

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20

Almajane, Antonio Francisco. "Outcome of tuberculosis treatment in Queensland (Australia) and Mozambique from 1995 to 2000 /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16736.pdf.

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21

Viney, Kerri. "Universal or selective directly observed treatment? : a clinical audit of directly observed treatment and tuberculosis in a North-East London (United Kingdom) cohort /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17920.pdf.

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22

Wisch, Michael Henry. "Microemulsions : a new perspective in the treatment of paediatric and geriatric tuberculosis patients." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003283.

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Tuberculosis(TB) was declared to be a global emergency in 1993, with South Africa declaring it to be the country’s top health priority in 1996, but ineffective treatment strategies have led to fewer than half of all treated patients in South Africa being cured. At present,paediatric treatment remains a problem, as the antitubercular preparations of rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide, that are currently available, were not initially designed for the treatment of paediatric TB patients, providing a motivation for this project. The aim of this project is thus the development of a microemulsio

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23

Wu, Peng, and 吴蓬. "Epidemiology and control of tuberculosis in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4581773X.

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24

Tabatabaei, Ali Reza. "Parkinson's disease : etiology, prevention and treatment." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30382.

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This thesis consists of three chapters dealing with different aspects of Parkinson's disease (PD). 3-Acetylpyridine (3-AP), a naturally occurring neurotoxin, was studied for its neurodegenerative properties on the mesostriatal dopaminergic system in rats as a possible environmental cause of idiopathic PD. Chronic administration of this compound to rats caused a moderate but insignificant reduction of striatal dopamine (determined by HPLC measurement of striatal dopamine) and a more substantial degeneration of cerebellar neurons and their neurotransmitters (determined by amino acid analysis of

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25

Mohatli, Matema Constance. "Determination of heteroresistant mychobacterim tubeculosis strains and their association with patients tuberculosis treatment history in Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1568.

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Thesis (M. Sc. (Medical Sciences)) -- University of Limpopo, 2015<br>Tuberculosis (TB) patients may have mixed infections with both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains. This phenomenon termed heteroresistance presents a challenge TB management and is considered a preliminary stage to full resistance. Heteroresistance is more likely to occur in high TB incidence areas and in chronic patients as they have more opportunity to become infected with various strains of TB and has been proven to occur in new cases, treatment failure and relapse. Methods: Sputum

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26

Nepolo, Ester Ndahekelekwa. "Effects of treatment compliance on treatment outcomes for pulmonary tuberculosis patients on Directly Observed Treatment-short Course in Windhoek District, Namibia." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4908.

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Magister Public Health - MPH<br>Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health problem worldwide, with an estimated 9 million new cases accounting for an estimated 1.5 million deaths in 2012. Non-compliance with TB treatment has become a major barrier to achieving global TB control targets. Namibia is one of the worst affected countries in Africa with a high case notification rate (CNR) of all forms of TB and relatively low treatment success rate compared to the WHO targets. The study aimed at investigating TB treatment compliance and measuring its association to patient characteristics and treatment out

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27

Maimela, Eric. "Evaluation of tuberculosis treatment outcomes and the determinants of treatment failures in the Eastern Cape Province, 2003-2005." Diss., Pretoria: [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11262009-001135/.

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28

Mhlana, Kanyisile. "Microencapsulation of anti-tuberculosis drugs using sporopollenin." Thesis, Nelson Mandela University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/13912.

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In this thesis, we explore the benefits of microencapsulating isoniazid and pyrazinamide within sporopollenin exine capsules derived from Lycopodium clavatum. Sporopollenin is a natural biopolymer, which is extracted from the outer shell of pollen grains. These hollow microcapsules can encapsulate and release drug actives in a controlled manner and possess many other advantages such as homogeneity in morphology and size, resilience to both strong acids and bases, they have antioxidant properties as well as UV protection to protect the material inside the microcapsule. Compared to artificial mi

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29

Ellis, Timothy David. "Multi-metallic microparticles for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/64796.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) has the extraordinary ability to adapt to the administration of antibiotics through the development of resistance mechanisms. By rapidly exporting drugs from within the cytosol, these pathogenic bacteria diminish antibiotic potency and drive the presentation of drug tolerant tuberculosis (TB). The membrane integrity of M.tb is pivotal in retaining these drug-resistant traits. Silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are established antimicrobial agents that effectively compromise membrane stability, giving rise to increased bacterial permeability t

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30

Bark, Charles. "CLINICAL SYMPTOMS AND MICROBIOLOGICAL OUTCOMES IN TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT TRIALS." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1307630776.

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31

Phan, Vuong Khac Thai. "Risk factors for treatment failure in isoniazid resistant tuberculosis." Thesis, Open University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.664470.

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There were 8.6 million cases and 1.3 million deaths from tuberculosis (TB) globally in 2012. Among the major challenges to global TB control and the ultimate goal of TB elimination is the increasing prevalence of drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis worldwide, coupled with an extremely limited pipeline of novel drug development. In 2012 there were an estimated 450,000 cases of muti- drug resistant TB (resistant to at least rifampicin and isoniazid) and 170,000 deaths due to multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB worldwide. The prevalence of resistance to isoniazid is extrememly high In

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32

Baral, Sushil Chandra. "Understanding tuberculosis treatment completion in urban areas of Nepal." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2108/.

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Non-completion of tuberculosis (TB) treatment has been a major topic of debate ever since combined drug therapy started to be used. It has threatened global TB control and posed a challenge to many National TB Programmes (NTPs) especially in developing countries where the burden of TB is highest and the poor are worst hit. As a means of controlling TB, WHO advocated a strategy branded as DOTS, which includes direct observation of treatment (DOT). Many countries have implemented DOTS, so DOT has become a central component of NTPs’ TB control strategy. DOTS as a comprehensive package was shown t

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33

Hassan, Syeda Saleha. "Modulation of human immune responses during anti-tuberculosis treatment." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557276.

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34

Lourens, Guinevere Margaretha Attilla. "TB and HIV community-outreach training project in a higher education institution." Thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2009. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1021&context=td_cput.

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35

Ramage, Gordon. "Prosthetic joint infection : detection, prevention and treatment." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300995.

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36

Gortner, Eric Tomas. "Cognitive-behavioral treatment for depression : relapse prevention /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9041.

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37

Esteves, Ferreira Giovanni. "Treatment and Prevention of Low Back Pain." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/23751.

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The overall aim of this thesis is to investigate treatment and prevention strategies for low back pain. The thesis is divided in two streams. Within the treatment strategies stream, Chapter Two provides an overview of the challenges to manage low back pain in Brazil, a middle-income country where low back pain is the condition with the highest disability burden. Chapter Three investigates the efficacy of antidepressants in people with spinal pain and osteoarthritis. Most antidepressants classes were ineffective for spinal pain. For those that were effective, the magnitude of the difference was

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38

Sahota, Raguwinder Singh. "Noise-induced hearing loss : treatment and prevention." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/40043.

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Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most common sensory disabilities in humans. NIHL is ranked as the world's top industrial injury and a significant cause of hearing loss in teenagers, thus affecting many age groups. This research is timely since a recent study has demonstrated that NIHL has increased dramatically in adolescents, with a 30% increase in this group in the past 10 years, thus coining the term “MP3” generation. The implications of the "MP3" generation will lead to increasing long-term health costs and life-long hearing problems necessitating the use of hearing aids fr

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39

Rockcliffe, Nicole. "Investigation of the comparative cost-effectiveness of different strategies for the management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003266.

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The tuberculosis epidemic is escalating in South Africa as well as globally. This escalation is exacerbated by the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB), which is defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as resistance of Mycobacteria to at least isoniazid and rifampicin. Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis is estimated to occur in 1-2% of newly diagnosed tuberculosis (TB) patients and in 4-8% of previously treated patients. MDRTB is both difficult and expensive to treat, costing up to 126 times that of drug-sensitive TB. Resource constrained countries such as So

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Matukane, Siphiwe Ruthy. "Association of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes and treatment outcome in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Tshwane Metropolitan area." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53059.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death worldwide, especially in Asia and Africa. Genotyping methods such as insertion sequence 6110-restriction fragment length polymorphism (IS6110-RFLP), spoligotyping and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units variable number of tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR) have expanded the ability to investigate and understand TB. Genotyping of M. tuberculosis has shown that certain M. tuberculosis strains are more prevalent in certain geographic regions, thus raising questions about bacterial factors in pathogenesis, presentation of disease and treatment resp

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Zembe, Pumelela Vincent. "A mathematical study on optimal prevention and control strategies for tuberculosis: case study for Port Elizabeth, South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12823.

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In this treatise a SEIR model for the transmission of tuberculosis was proposed. It assumes that the latent infected individuals progress to active tuberculosis through endogenous reactivation and exogenous re-infection and that the individuals who have recovered from the disease through treatment are not immune to tuberculosis re-infection. While most features of the original model were kept, the model was modiﬁed to incorporate two control measures in the form of post-exposure tuberculosis prophylaxis for the treatment of latent individuals and tuberculosis therapeutics for the treatmentof i

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42

Al-Harbi, Adel Mohanna. "Challenges of tuberculosis prevention through early detection of latent tuberculosis infection in new immigrants to the State of Kuwait." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8939.

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Introduction: Despite management advances worldwide, tuberculosis still remains a serious uncontrolled disease. The absence of either a ‘gold’ standard diagnostic test, or a conventional rapid ‘reference’ laboratory test for asymptomatic Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) carriers complicates disease control. Through mandatory screening of high-risk groups, early diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) cases allows recognition and better control of the tuberculosis pandemic. Materials and Methods: The current tuberculosis screening guidelines as recommended by the World Health Organiza

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Otesile, M. O. "Evaluation of diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis among adult patients in Matlala District Hospital in Greater Marble Hall Sub-district in Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo ( Medunsa Campus), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/413.

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Thesis ( M Med( Family Medicine ))--University of Limpopo, 2010.<br>Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health problem in South Africa especially in this era of high prevalence of human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection. South Africa is currently ranked fourth among the twenty-two high burden countries worldwide with an incidence of 940/100 000 population/year and mortality of 218/100 000 population/year. The notational tuberculosis control programme NTCP) was established in response to this growing burden. The aim of this study is to evaluate the TB programme at Matlala District hospital and t

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Linzamo, Freddy Moba. "The Causes of non-compliance to tuberculosis treatment in patients at Matlala District Hospital." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/876.

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45

Kamfer, Fanie. "Characterising tuberculosis treatment success and failure using metabolomics / Fanie Kamfer." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10203.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the deadliest infectious diseases of our time, with 1.4 million deaths globally, recorded in 2010 (3800 deaths a day) by the World Health Organization (WHO). Currently, South Africa ranks third on the 2011 list of 22 high-burden TB countries in the world and it was estimated that each active-TB person could potentially infect 10–15 people annually. The WHO additionally reported that in the year 2009, 87% of all TB patients worldwide were successfully treated, with a treatment success rate of 74% reported for South Africa. Despite this however, non-adherence to anti-

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46

Kužniece, Ingrida. "Epidermiology and Treatment of Tuberculosis in Liepaja (Latvia) 1993-2002." Thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3244.

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Aim To describe the epidemiology of tuberculosis in the city of Liepaja during the last 27 years and the management of patients with tuberculosis during the period 1993-2002; to identify problems in tuberculosis management relevant to increasing level of morbidity and the registered high levels of drug-resistance. Material and methods The cases were all persons reported with tuberculosis in 1975-2002. The data sources were the yearly Health Statistics books at the Latvian Office of Medical Statistics. The study used data from the available 655 individual patient records from Liepaja Tuberculos

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Valencia, Celina I., Kacey Ernst, and Cecilia Ballesteros Rosales. "Tuberculosis Treatment Completion in a United States/Mexico Binational Context." FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625712.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a salient public health issue along the U.S./Mexico border. This study seeks to identify the social and structural factors, which are associated with TB disease burden in the binational geographic region. Identification of barriers of treatment completion provides the necessary framework for developing evidence-based interventions that are culturally relevant and context specific for the U.S./Mexico border region. Methods: Retrospective study of data extracted from medical charts (n = 439) from Yuma County Health Department (YCHD) (n = 160) and Centro de S

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Tatum, Natalie Joan. "Discovery by virtual screening of ethionamide boosters for tuberculosis treatment." Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11315/.

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Tuberculosis remains the world’s deadliest communicable bacterial disease with an unacceptably high death rate. In 2013 an estimated 1.5 million people died as a direct result of TB, and nine million new cases were reported. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis cases are on the rise and without novel approaches to combat their spread, tuberculosis will continue to claim the lives of millions worldwide. One such novel approach is to rejuvenate the use of the second-line antibiotic ethionamide. Ethionamide is a structural analogue of the first-line pro-dru

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Pham, Dinh duy. "Particulate systems for lung delivery of pyrazinamide for tuberculosis treatment." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA114814/document.

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La pyrazinamide est le seul anti-tuberculeux de première intention actif sur la formedormante de Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Sa prescription par voie orale permet de réduire la durée du traitement de 9 à 6 mois. Nous avons développé des formes galéniques de pyrazinamide administrables directement au niveau des poumons afin d'augmenter localement la concentration de pyrazinamide au site pathologique afin de réduire la durée du traitement. Deux formes galéniques de pyrazinamide ont été optimisées: une poudre sèche pour inhalation et des nanoparticules polymères administrables par nébulisation li

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Sangfelt, Per. "Prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus infection /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-301-9/.

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