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Готові списки джерел за темами / Trunk volume / Статті в журналах

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Статті в журналах з теми "Trunk volume"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Sytnyk, S. A. "PHYTOTOMASS OF ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA L. TRUNK COMPONENTS IN THE PLANTED BLACK LOCUST STANDS WITHIN NORTHERN STEPPE ZONE OF UKRAINE." Forestry and Forest Melioration, no. 132 (February 5, 2018): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33220/1026-3365.132.2018.141.

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The results of simulation of the above-ground phytomass of the components of Black locust tree trunks in the planted stands within the Northern Steppe zone of Ukraine are presented. Correlation and statistical analyses of the data set from model trees were carried out. A reliable strong correlation between the formation of the trunk timber volume and the volume of the trunk in the bark and the values of the diameter of the trunk and the height of the trees were established. The mathematical dependences for estimating the volume of the black locust trunk fractions, namely, the volume of the tru

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2

Gabdelkhakov, Aydar K., Vladimir F. Konovalov, Zagir Z. Rakhmatullin, Liubov N. Blonskaya, and Ilyas I. Fazlutdinov. "Biomass and Volume Estimation Models for Bark of Small-Leaved Linden (Tilia cordata Mill.)." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 5 (October 20, 2022): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2022-5-21-36.

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The research is aimed at analyzing variability and developing mathematical models for estimating bark biomass and volume, volume of trunk with bark, and bark proportion of small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) trees growing in natural coppice and artificial stands. The models are based on data from 107 and 95 destructively sampled trees in natural coppice and artificial stands, respectively. There were 10 sampling areas per stand type, representing different growth stages. The model trees were sawn into 2-meter sections, the volumes of which with and without bark were calculated using the

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3

Watson, R. A., N. B. Pride, E. Louise Thomas, P. W. Ind, and J. D. Bell. "Relation between trunk fat volume and reduction of total lung capacity in obese men." Journal of Applied Physiology 112, no. 1 (2012): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00217.2011.

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Reduction in total lung capacity (TLC) in obese men is associated with restricted expansion of the thoracic cavity at full inflation. We hypothesized that thoracic expansion was reduced by the load imposed by increased total trunk fat volume or its distribution. Using MRI, we measured internal and subcutaneous trunk fat and total abdominal and thoracic volumes at full inflation in 14 obese men [mean age: 52.4 yr, body mass index (BMI): 38.8 (range: 36–44) kg/m2] and 7 control men [mean age: 50.1 yr, BMI: 25.0 (range: 22–27.5) kg/m2]. TLC was measured by multibreath helium dilution and was rest

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4

Miller, Stephen S., and Gary W. Lightner. "Computer-assisted Determination of Apple Tree Canopy Volume." HortScience 22, no. 3 (1987): 393–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.22.3.393.

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Abstract A method for determining canopy volume of apple trees is described in which a graphics computer is used to digitize photographs of young trees. Volume is calculated from a formula based on the first theorum of Pappus. Volumes obtained compare favorably with the laborious, detailed hand-measurement methods. Canopy volumes determined from defined geometric shapes were generally less than those from hand- or computer-generated methods. Both of the latter methods correlated with trunk circumference and trunk cross-sectional area. Geometrically determined canopy volumes did not correlate w

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5

Ermakova, Mariya. "Structural and functional organization in natural young stand of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the 9-aged cuttings of Pinetum vacciniosum located on the Middle Ural." Forestry Engineering Journal 14, no. 2 (2024): 36–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2024.2/3.

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The study of structural and functional organization of young pine stands is one of the pressing problems of modern forestry. The spatial pattern of pine stands naturally recovering 9 years after clear-cutting in the lingonberry pine forest type at the Middle Urals was studied. The establishing a trial plot, selecting model trees, determination basic wood density, assessing trees ranking and analyzing the variability of biometric indicators were fulfilled using appropriate methods. For model trees, trunk height as well as diameter of trunk in bark and without bark were measured at 0.1, 0.2...0.

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6

Vrech, D. E., M. A. Oviedo-Diego, P. A. Olivero, and A. V. Peretti. "Successive matings produce opposite patterns on ejaculate volume and spermatozoa number in an ancient arthropod model with indirect sperm transfer." Canadian Journal of Zoology 97, no. 7 (2019): 579–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2018-0179.

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The production of spermatophore and ejaculate is energetically expensive for males. High mating rates may accelerate sperm depletion and progressively decrease the size of the ejaculates. Sperm competition can shape spermatozoon numbers according to different signals and cues such as number of potential rivals or female mating status. Factors influencing patterns of sperm allocation have been neglected in terrestrial arthropods that transfer sperm indirectly using a complex sclerotized spermatophore deposited on the soil. We used the Neotropical scorpion Bothriurus bonariensis (C.L. Koch, 1842

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7

Wicke, Jason, and Genevieve A. Dumas. "Influence of the Volume and Density Functions Within Geometric Models for Estimating Trunk Inertial Parameters." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 26, no. 1 (2010): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.26.1.26.

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The geometric method combines a volume and a density function to estimate body segment parameters and has the best opportunity for developing the most accurate models. In the trunk, there are many different tissues that greatly differ in density (e.g., bone versus lung). Thus, the density function for the trunk must be particularly sensitive to capture this diversity, such that accurate inertial estimates are possible. Three different models were used to test this hypothesis by estimating trunk inertial parameters of 25 female and 24 male college-aged participants. The outcome of this study in

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8

Vendruscolo, Diogo Guido Streck, Felipe Vieira Cunha Neto, and Isabel Matos Fraga. "Bark volume and thickness in teak trees with different spacings." Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira 42 (June 9, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4336/2022.pfb.42e201902067.

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The bark in some forest species may represent a significant volume of the trunk, demanding the use of efficient methods to estimate bark volume indirectly through equations. The aim of this study was to evaluate bark volume and thickness in teak (Tectona grandis) trees planted at different densities. Volume data were used to evaluate the percentage of bark in different portions of the trunk. Averages were compared by the Tukey test (p < 0.05%) and regression analysis (polynomial model) was used to predict bark thickness along the trunk. The effect of spacing on bark thickness was compared b

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9

Nyamekye, Isaac K. "A practical approach to tumescent local anaesthesia in ambulatory endovenous thermal ablation." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 34, no. 4 (2018): 238–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355518800191.

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Background Thermal ablation, usually performed with tumescent local anaesthesia (TLA), is the preferred method for varicose veins treatment. Tumescent local anaesthesia is always cited; however, little detail of the procedure is presented in publications. This retrospective audit of clinical tumescent local anaesthesia practice aims to provide detailed information on an important aspect of endovenous practice. Methods Patients who underwent three types of endothermal treatment (Venefit, Radiofrequency Induce Thermal Therapy and Endovenous Laser Ablation) to a single saphenous trunk using tumes

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10

Marszalek, Jolanta, and Bartosz Molik. "ACTIVE TRUNK MOVEMENT ASSESSMENT AS A KEY FACTOR IN WHEELCHAIR BASKETBALL CLASSIFICATION – AN ORIGINAL STUDY." Acta kinesiologica, N1 2021 (2021): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.9.

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In wheelchair basketball the observation of active trunk movement during a game is done by a qualified panel of classifiers. Players are allocated into one out of eight class. In the past, the map of the volume of action for each class player was created based on classifiers’ experience and knowledge (in qualitative way, without the range of trunk movement). Based on Paralympics’ classification standards there is a need to provide quantitative data for the current classes. The aim of this study was to create the map and reference values of the volume of trunk action of wheelchair basketball pl

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11

Kurokawa, Yuki, Satoshi Kato, Noriaki Yokogawa, et al. "Relationship between Respiratory Function and the Strength of the Abdominal Trunk Muscles Including the Diaphragm in Middle-Aged and Older Adult Patients." Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 9, no. 4 (2024): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040175.

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Objectives: Respiration plays an important function in sustaining life. The diaphragm is the primary muscle involved in respiration, and plays an important role in trunk stabilization. Although it has been reported that respiratory function is important for trunk muscle stability, the correlation between respiratory function and abdominal trunk muscle strength remains undetermined. This study aimed to clarify this correlation among middle-aged and older patients. Methods: This observational study included 398 patients scheduled for surgery for degenerative conditions of the lower extremities.

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12

Cala, S. J., J. Edyvean, and L. A. Engel. "Chest wall and trunk muscle activity during inspiratory loading." Journal of Applied Physiology 73, no. 6 (1992): 2373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.73.6.2373.

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We measured the electromyographic (EMG) activity in four chest wall and trunk (CWT) muscles, the erector spinae, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, and trapezius, together with the parasternal, in four normal subjects during graded inspiratory efforts against an occlusion in both upright and seated postures. We also measured CWT EMGs in six seated subjects during inspiratory resistive loading at high and low tidal volumes [1,280 +/- 80 (SE) and 920 +/- 60 ml, respectively]. With one exception, CWT EMG increased as a function of inspiratory pressure generated (Pmus) at all lung volumes in both

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13

Abbas, Samer R., Fansan Zhu, George A. Kaysen, Peter Kotanko, and Nathan W. Levin. "Effect of change in fluid distribution in segments in hemodialysis patients at different ultrafiltration rates on accuracy of whole body bioimpedance measurement." Journal of Applied Physiology 116, no. 11 (2014): 1382–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01361.2013.

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This study explored divergence (error) between ultrafiltration volumes (UFV) and intradialytic changes in extracellular volume (ΔECV) in hemodialysis (HD) patients measured by whole body (wBIS) and sum of segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy (sBIS). The primary aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of different ultrafiltration rates (UFR) on error of estimation of ΔECV by changes in their distribution in body segments (arm, trunk, and leg). Forty-four HD patients (26 men, age 63.5 ± 14.3 yr) were studied twice in the same week following high and low UFR treatments. ΔECV and distributions

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14

Berveglieri, A., R. O. Oliveira, and A. M. G. Tommaselli. "A feasibility study on the measurement of tree trunks in forests using multi-scale vertical images." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (June 5, 2014): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-87-2014.

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The determination of the Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) is an important variable that contributes to several studies on forest, e.g., environmental monitoring, tree growth, volume of wood, and biomass estimation. This paper presents a preliminary technique for the measurement of tree trunks using terrestrial images collected with a panoramic camera in nadir view. A multi-scale model is generated with these images. Homologue points on the trunk surface are measured over the images and their ground coordinates are determined by intersection of rays. The resulting XY coordinates of each trunk, d

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15

Mizoguchi, T., and Y. Kobayashi. "Interactive Trunk Extraction from Forest Point Cloud." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (June 6, 2014): 433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-433-2014.

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For forest management or monitoring, it is required to constantly measure several parameters of each tree, such as height, diameter at breast height, and trunk volume. Terrestrial laser scanner has been used for this purpose instead of human workers to reduce time and cost for the measurement. In order to use point cloud captured by terrestrial laser scanner in the above applications, it is an important step to extract all trees or their trunks separately. For this purpose, we propose an interactive system in which a user can intuitively and efficiently extract each trunk by a simple editing o

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16

von Dziegielewski, Andreas, and Rainer Erbes. "Fully Automatic Determination of the Trunk Volume." ATZ worldwide 118, no. 2 (2016): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38311-015-0089-7.

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17

Bidic, Sean. "Volume 6: The Trunk and Lower Extremities." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 119, no. 3 (2007): 1111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-200703000-00057.

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18

Smith, Michael W. "Relationship of Trunk Size to Selected Canopy Size Parameters for Native Pecan Trees." HortScience 43, no. 3 (2008): 784–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.3.784.

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Trees in a native pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch.] grove vary in size, age, and genotype and tree spacing pattern is not uniform. This presents some problems for managing tree density, calibrating pesticide sprayers, and other management tasks. Trunk and canopy diameters and tree height of diverse sizes of native pecan trees in managed groves were measured and the relationships of cross-sectional trunk area with canopy footprint, surface area, and volume were determined. The canopy footprint, surface area, and volume per hectare were then calculated for the recommended stocking

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19

Anthierens, Agathe, Nicolas Olivier, André Thevenon, and Patrick Mucci. "Trunk Muscle Aerobic Metabolism Responses in Endurance Athletes, Combat Athletes and Untrained Men." International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 07 (2019): 434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0856-7207.

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AbstractThis study investigated aerobic metabolism responses in trunk muscles during a prolonged trunk extension exercise in athletes and untrained young men. The aim was to analyze the adaptations induced by 2 types of sports: one involving intensive use of trunk muscles (i. e., judo), and one known to induce high aerobic capacity in the whole body (i. e., cycling). Eleven judokas, 10 cyclists and 9 healthy untrained young men performed trunk extension exercises on an isokinetic dynamometer. During the first session, muscle strength was assessed during maximal trunk extension. During a second

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20

Biazatti, Scheila Cristina, Rômulo Môra, Marta Silvana Volpato Sccoti, João Fideles de Brito Júnior, Nayara Dos Santos Queiroz, and Rafaella De Angeli Curto. "Criterion Dendrometer as a non-destructive method for dendrometric estimations of native species in Western Amazon." Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 11, no. 6 (2020): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2020.006.0006.

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The use of non-destructive approach for measurement in native environments is still a challenge given the ecology of natural forests. In this sense, the present study aimed to verify the accuracy of the Criterion RD1000® optical dendrometer in the diametric and volumetric estimates of native species in a forest concession area, in Western Amazon. A total of 41 trees were measured at the FMU (Forest Management Unit) III, Flona (National Forest) of Jamari, Rondônia, Brazil, by non-destructive approach (standing tree), using Criterion RD1000® optical dendrometers (indirect measurements), and by d

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21

Jones, Alan C., and Michael E. Ostry. "Estimating White Trunk Rot in Aspen Stands." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 15, no. 1 (1998): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/15.1.33.

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Abstract Advanced decay caused by Phellinus tremulae was estimated in 295 trembling aspen on 30 plots in 2 Minnesota counties using existing inventory guides, and then measured by felling and sectioning the trees. In standing trees, decay volume was underestimated by 38% compared to measured decay volume in felled trees. The most reliable external indicator of decay was the presence of conks of the fungus. Results indicate that decay associated with conks in the first 16 ft of the trees accounted for nearly 70% of the total volume loss. Decay volume in trees with no conks averaged less than 2%

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22

SRIVASTAVA, K. K., BISWAJIT DAS, N. AHMED, S. R. SINGH, J. A. RATHER, and S. K. BHAT. "Correlation and co-heritability studies of yield and yield-associating characters in apple (Malus domestica)." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 82, no. 3 (2012): 270–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v82i3.15977.

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Correlation and co-heritability were studied among 13 applie cultivars. Genotypic and phenotypic variance were maximum for number of fruits/tree during both the years. High PCV and GCV were noted for tree volume and high heritability registered for tree spread and tree volume, whereas high genetic advance noted for number of fruits/plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance registered for tree volume, number of fruits/plant, fruit weight, and yield/ tree and trunk girth during both the years. High co-heritability was noted for number of fruits/tree and trunk girth and tree heig

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23

Saeidi, Tale, Idris Ismail, Sarmad Nozad Mahmood, Sameer Alani, and Adam R. H. Alhawari. "Microwave Imaging of Voids in Oil Palm Trunk Applying UWB Antenna and Robust Time-Reversal Algorithm." Journal of Sensors 2020 (October 12, 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8895737.

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The oil palm trees in Southeast Asia face a great challenge due to voids within tree trunks. Besides, both plantations and the palm oil industry suffered considerable losses due to ineffective inspection of defective trees. Several techniques such as ultrasound, X-ray, capacitive volume, gamma computed tomography, and microwave tomography were applied to detect and control the decay of a trunk. However, all the techniques showed substantial drawbacks (such as limited resolution, tedious processing time, and use of bulky equipment with limited mobility) except for microwave tomography which ove

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24

Tomșa, Vlăduț Remus, Alexandru Lucian Curtu, and Mihai Daniel Niță. "Tree Shape Variability in a Mixed Oak Forest Using Terrestrial Laser Technology: Implications for Mating System Analysis." Forests 12, no. 2 (2021): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12020253.

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The accuracy of the description regarding tree architecture is crucial for data processing. LiDAR technology is an efficient solution for capturing the characteristics of individual trees. The aim of the present study was to analyze tree shape variability in a mixed oak forest consisting of four European white oak species: Quercus petraea, Q. frainetto, Q. pubescens, and Q. robur. Moreover, we tested for association between tree shape and individual heterozygosity and whether oak trees identified as pollen donors in a previous genetic study have a larger size in terms of crown and trunk charac

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25

Kateina, Christina, and Dimitris Mandalidis. "Effects of Artificially Induced Breast Augmentation on the Electromyographic Activity of Neck and Trunk Muscles during Common Daily Movements." Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 7, no. 4 (2022): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk7040080.

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A female breast can be a potential source of musculoskeletal problems, especially if it is disproportionately large. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of artificially induced breast volume on the EMG activity of neck and trunk musculature during common everyday movements. The EMG activity of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), the upper trapezius (UT), and the thoracic and lumbar erector spinae (TES, LES) were recorded during 45° trunk inclination from the upright standing and sitting postures (TIST45°, TISI45°) as well as during stand-to-sit and sit-to-stand (STSI, SIST) i

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26

Ishiguro, Noriko, Hiroaki Kanehisa, Masae Miyatani, Yoshihisa Masuo, and Tetsuo Fukunaga. "Applicability of segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis for predicting trunk skeletal muscle volume." Journal of Applied Physiology 100, no. 2 (2006): 572–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00094.2005.

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This study aimed to investigate the validity of using segmental bioelectrical impedance (BI) analysis for estimating skeletal muscle volume (MV) in the trunk, defined as the body segment from the acromion process to the greater trochanter. Using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method, the trunk MV was determined in 28 men (19∼34 yr), divided into validation ( n = 20) and cross-validation ( n = 8) groups, and used as a reference (MVMRI). For BI measurements of the trunk, the source electrodes were placed at the dorsal surface of the third metacarpal bone of both hands and the dorsal surface

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27

Grumbine, NA, and PA Radovic. "Volume injection adhesiotomy." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 79, no. 3 (1989): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-79-3-121.

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The authors present a modified method for treating painful cicatrix nerve entrapments. A series of three high-volume injections of local anesthetic, steroid, and hyaluronidase are used to perform percutaneous adhesiotomies and extraneural fibrosis decompression. If special attention is given to the tissue plane level in performing the sequential injections, circumferential neural trunk decompression or cicatrix adhesiotomy can be obtained. The procedure may decrease or eliminate pain sufficiently to circumvent surgical intervention.

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28

Bienert, A., C. Hess, H. G. Maas, and G. von Oheimb. "A voxel-based technique to estimate the volume of trees from terrestrial laser scanner data." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (June 5, 2014): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-101-2014.

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The precise determination of the volume of standing trees is very important for ecological and economical considerations in forestry. If terrestrial laser scanner data are available, a simple approach for volume determination is given by allocating points into a voxel structure and subsequently counting the filled voxels. Generally, this method will overestimate the volume. The paper presents an improved algorithm to estimate the wood volume of trees using a voxel-based method which will correct for the overestimation. After voxel space transformation, each voxel which contains points is reduc

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29

Khetagurov, K. M., I. A. Nikolaev, A. V. Gryazkin, and A. B. Bazaev. "SAP PRODUCTIVITY OF REDWOOD MAPLETC "SAP PRODUCTIVITY OF REDWOOD MAPLE"." Proceedings of Gorsky State Agrarian University 61, no. 2 (2024): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54258/20701047_2024_61_2_115.

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In the North Caucasus are presented data on the intensity of sap production and sap productivity of the Trautvetter maple. Experimental tapping was carried out in an old-growth maple forest in the forest fund of North Ossetia-Alania, the Koban tract. Maple tapping was carried out by laying drill channels with a diameter of 10 mm and a depth of no more than 30 mm. From 1 to 4 channels were laid on one trunk. A polyvinyl chloride tube with an outer diameter of 10 mm was used as a sap line. Plastic containers with a volume of 5 and 10 liters served as juice collectors. The volume of secreted juic

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30

Ressel, S. J. "Ultrastructural design of anuran muscles used for call production in relation to the thermal environment of a species." Journal of Experimental Biology 204, no. 8 (2001): 1445–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.8.1445.

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I examined the aerobic trunk muscles, which are used for call production, of male frogs from species that breed in different thermal environments to test the hypothesis that cold-adapted frogs should have fewer capillaries per unit mitochondrial volume in oxidative muscles than warm-adapted frogs because of reduced mitochondrial function at low temperatures. The species of interest were the cold-temperate Pseudacris crucifer and the warm-tropical Hyla microcephala in the family Hylidae, and the cold-temperate Rana sylvatica and the warm-temperate Rana clamitans in the family Ranidae. Trunk-mus

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31

Song, Zheng. "Effects of tree age and waterlogging duration on the form factors of eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.)." Forestry Studies 70, no. 1 (2019): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fsmu-2019-0005.

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Abstract Stem form is the short name of the tree trunk shape. Stem form determines the quantity and quality of trunk volume, and affects forest timber volume and stand merchantable volume. Based on Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. in the Dongting Lake region of Hunan Province in China, changes in the breast-height form factor (f1.3) and experimental form factor (fa) under different waterlogging durations and stand ages were analyzed using the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the differences in waterlogging duration for f1.3 were not significant, but were signific

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Li, Tuyu, Yong Zheng, Chang Huang, Jianhua Cao, Lingling Wang, and Guihua Wang. "Automatically Extracting Rubber Tree Stem Shape from Point Cloud Data Acquisition Using a B-Spline Fitting Program." Forests 14, no. 6 (2023): 1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14061122.

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Natural rubber is an important and strategic raw material, used in tires, gloves, and insulating products, that is mainly obtained by cutting the bark of rubber trees. However, the complex contour curve of the rubber tree trunk is hard to fit using a tapping machine. Thus, a trunk contour curve collection would be useful for the development of tapping machines. In this study, an acquisition system based on laser-ranging technology was proposed to collect the point cloud data of rubber tree trunks, and a B-spline fitting program was compiled in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) to extract the trunks’

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Ha, Mi-Sook, and Dong-Wook Han. "Effects of Trunk Stabilization Training by Breathing Exercise on the Pulmonary Functions." KOREAN ACADEMY OF CARDIORESPIRATORY PHYSICAL THERAPY 11, no. 2 (2023): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32337/kacpt.2023.11.2.5.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of trunk stabilization training on pulmonary functions and respiratory muscle activity. Methods: All participants in this study were healthy and participated voluntarily. The participants were divided into 2 groups (10 people in the control group and 10 people in the trunk stabilization training group). The experimental group had trunk stabilization training with breathing exercises and the control group performed breathing exercises for 4 weeks. Pulmonary functions were assessed. Digital spirometry (Pony FX, COSMED Inc., Italy

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Mindawat, Nina, Hendromono Hendromono, .M Hiratsuka, Toma.T, Y. Morikawa., and Gintings . A. Ngaloken. "TREE TRUNK VOLUME OF Shorea SPECIES CASE STUDY IN DARMAGA AND HAURBENTES RESEARCH FOREST IN WEST JAVA INDONESIA." Journal of Forestry Research 1, no. 1 (2004): 17–24. https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2004.1.1.17-24.

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Activities of  forest management  require a well planned, systematic and well directed handling, so that  achieving  maximal  and  beneficial  results in terms  of  economic,  ecological  and  social prospects.   In relevant  to data on trunk  volume of  available tree stands  are required  to set up a plan  intended  to produce  sustainable   timber. The  research was conducted  in the Darmaga  and Haurbentes  research forests of  the Forest  an

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Dong, Yanqi, Guangpeng Fan, Zhiwu Zhou, Jincheng Liu, Yongguo Wang, and Feixiang Chen. "Low Cost Automatic Reconstruction of Tree Structure by AdQSM with Terrestrial Close-Range Photogrammetry." Forests 12, no. 8 (2021): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12081020.

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The quantitative structure model (QSM) contains the branch geometry and attributes of the tree. AdQSM is a new, accurate, and detailed tree QSM. In this paper, an automatic modeling method based on AdQSM is developed, and a low-cost technical scheme of tree structure modeling is provided, so that AdQSM can be freely used by more people. First, we used two digital cameras to collect two-dimensional (2D) photos of trees and generated three-dimensional (3D) point clouds of plot and segmented individual tree from the plot point clouds. Then a new QSM-AdQSM was used to construct tree model from poi

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Gilman, Edward, Robert Black, and Bijan Dehgan. "Irrigation Volume and Frequency and Tree Size Affect Establishment Rate." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 24, no. 1 (1998): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1998.001.

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Irrigation volume had no effect on post-transplant trunk diameter growth, crown spread, height growth, or stem xylem potential of Quercus virginiana (live oak) in the first 27 months after transplanting. Container-grown trees irrigated infrequently after transplanting grew more slowly than those irrigated frequently and more slowly than field-grown trees. This resulted from increased water stress on container trees that were infrequently irrigated. Post-transplant growth of trees from a field nursery was not affected by irrigation frequency. Three of 30 trees on the infrequent irrigation sched

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Eigen, Lennart, and John A. Nyakatura. "Architectural properties of the musculoskeletal system in the shoulder of two callitrichid primate species derived from virtual dissection." Primates 62, no. 5 (2021): 827–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10329-021-00917-7.

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AbstractCallitrichidae are small, arboreal New World primates that utilize a variety of locomotor behaviors including trunk-to-trunk leaping (TTL) and horizontal locomotion which involve differential functional demands. Little is known about the relationship between the preferred locomotor behavior and musculoskeletal architecture of these primates. In this study, we compared the musculoskeletal architecture of selected shoulder muscles in two cadavers each of the trunk-to-trunk leaper Cebuella pygmaea and the mainly pronograde quadrupedally moving Saguinus imperator subgrisescens. Contrast-en

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Zhuk, Kirill D., Sergey A. Ugryumov, Fedor V. Svoikin, and Vladimir F. Svoikin. "Dimension and Quality Specifications of Round Logs Harvested with the Use of Multi-Operational Forest Machines." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 5 (October 20, 2022): 114–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2022-5-114-130.

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It is necessary to carry out a statistical assessment of the harvested wood parameters in order to increase the yield of round timber and the overall productivity of logging operations while operating multi-operational forest machines. Modern forestry harvesters are equipped with a variety of CAN control sensors to monitor operation and have onboard software that can collect and store input data on various file types to ensure continuous correct operation. One of the main file types is STM (trunk files). These files are presented in two forms: some contain information for each individual tree

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Bourgeois, Wayne J., Alvin J. Adams, and Daniel H. Oberwortmann. "Temperature Modification in Citrus Trees Through the Use of Low-volume Irrigation." HortScience 22, no. 3 (1987): 398–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.22.3.398.

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Abstract Low-volume sprinkler irrigation increased the mean trunk, mean scaffold limb, and mean canopy temperature 4.6°, 0.6°, and 0.8°C, respectively, higher than the nonirrigated trees of ‘Washington Navel’ orange (Citrus sinensis). Similar results were obtained with ‘Owari’ satsuma (Citrus unshiu) trees in that the mean trunk, mean scaffold limb, and mean canopy temperature was increased 3.9°, 1.7°, and 0.9°, respectively, higher than the nonirrigated trees. These results lend support that scaffold branch irrigation is effective as a method of freeze protection.

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Sharma, Isha, Nirmal Sharma, Parshant Bakshi, et al. "Character Association Studies among Naturally Occurring Seedling Population of Guava (Psidium guajava L.)." Environment and Ecology 42, no. 4C (2024): 2021–29. https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/ylha5986.

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Character association studies in seedling origin guava (Psidium guajava L.) plants growing in Jammu, Samba and Akhnoor areas lying in sub-tropical zone of Jammu region indicated that fruit yield was positively and significantly affected by plant spread, trunk girth, trunk cross sectional area, fruit diameter, fruit weight, fruit volume, number of per fruit, 100 seed weight, seed weight per fruit, pulp weight and percentage. Positive and direct effect on fruit yield was observed with fruit volume, fruit diameter, fruit weight, tree spread, pulp percentage and pulp weight. Positive direct effect

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Todhunter-Brown, Alex. "Is trunk training effective at improving ability in activities of daily living and function of people who have had a stroke? A Cochrane Review summary with commentary." NeuroRehabilitation 53, no. 4 (2023): 599–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-236007.

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BACKGROUND: Effective trunk control is an essential component of sitting and standing balance, and is a key requirement for movement of the head and limbs, and for carrying out functional tasks. A stroke can result in impaired trunk control, affected by stroke-related deficits in balance, muscle function, coordination and position sense. Recovery of trunk control is recognised as a key goal of stroke rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of trunk training interventions in people with stroke. METHODS: A summary of the Cochrane Review by Thijs et al. (2023), with comments from

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Lunkad, Samiksha, Dr Mahendra Shende ( (PT), Dr Neha Ghugare ( PT), and Dr Divya Jethwani ( PT). "Prevalence of Trunk Side Strain Injury in Cricket Fast Bowlers." VIMS JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY 4, no. 2 (2022): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46858/vimsjpt.4207.

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Trunk side strain injury is reported most in cricket fast bowlers.[1] This study was done with an aim to find the prevalence of trunk side strain injury in cricket fast bowlers and to find the factors associated with this injury. The factors taken into consideration were age, volume of cricket played, bowling arm, players standing and trunk height, active trunk lateral flexion ROM, active trunk lateral flexion range of motion ratio and side bridge endurance. First, to find the prevalence of trunk side strain injury in cricket fast bowlers, the sample population of 30 players was divided in 15

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Czinege, Anikó, József Nyéki, and Miklós Soltész. "Vegetative shoot growing and yield productivity of different plum cultivar and rootstocks combination." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 47 (July 18, 2012): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/47/2422.

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We planted containers plum rootstocks and cultivar combinations for irrigation and rootstocks experiment. We planted Cacanska lepo tica, Katinka, Jojo, Topfive, Toptaste, Topper plum cultivar on Mirobalan, St Julien A, St Julien GF 655/2, Wavit, Wangenheim, and Fereley rootstocks. Before budding we measured the trunk diameter on trees, than I count the trunk cross area, we measured the high of trees, the high of crown, and the wide of crown, and counted the volume of crown from these data. We conclude the vigorous from the trunk cross area and the volume of crown. In the started growing less v

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SANTOS, Rafaela Sant’anna dos, Sara Carolina Fontoura DALL’ALBA, Soraia Genebra Ibrahim FORGIARINI, Daniele ROSSATO, Alexandre Simões DIAS, and Luiz Alberto FORGIARINI JUNIOR. "Relationship between pulmonary function, functional independence, and trunk control in patients with stroke." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 77, no. 6 (2019): 387–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20190048.

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ABSTRACT Stroke often leads to abnormalities in muscle tone, posture, and motor control that may compromise voluntary motor function, thus affecting the motor control required for maintaining the synergy of both peripheral and respiratory muscles. Objective To evaluate respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, trunk control, and functional independence in patients with stroke and to correlate trunk control with the other variables. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with stroke. We assessed respiratory muscle strength, trunk control as assessed by the Trunk I

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Bealer, S. L., and E. G. Schneider. "Plasma corticosterone and volume after preoptic recess lesions and volume depletion." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 248, no. 2 (1985): R161—R165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1985.248.2.r161.

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The effects of extracellular fluid volume depletion on plasma corticosterone concentration (Pcort) and plasma volume in rats were determined after recovery from either electrolytic ablation of the periventricular tissue surrounding the anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V region) or control surgery. Rats received either furosemide injections and sodium-free chow or isotonic saline injections and continued access to sodium-replete food. One week after these injections some animals were decapitated and trunk blood collected for analysis of Pcort by radioimmunoassay. The remainder of the rats were

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Nelle, M., C. Höcker, E. P. Zilow, and O. Linderkamp. "Effects of red cell transfusion on cardiac output and blood flow velocities in cerebral and gastrointestinal arteries in premature infants." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 71, no. 1 (1994): F45—F48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/fn.71.1.f45.

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Anaemia may increase the risk of tissue hypoxia in preterm infants. The effect of transfusion on circulation was studied in 33 preterm infants with a mean (SD) gestational age of 29 (5) weeks (range 26-34), birth weight 1153 (390) g (range 520-1840), and postnatal age of 48 (21) days (range 19-100). Packed cell volume, blood viscosity (capillary viscometer), cardiac output, and cerebral blood flow velocities in the internal carotid artery, anterior cerebral artery, and coeliac trunk (Doppler ultrasound) were determined before and after transfusion of 10 ml/kg of packed red blood cells. Transfu

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Seidova, Z., and A. Seyidov. "Data on the Annual Growth of Morus Different Ploidic Varieties in Azerbaijan." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 6 (June 15, 2023): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/91/19.

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The results of experiments carried out on the annual growth of branches of various mulberry ploidic varieties in Azerbaijan are presented. It was established that the number of branches on one tree, depending on the Morus varieties in 2013-2016 and 2021, was: in diploids — 31.6 pieces, the length of one branch — 104.4 cm, the annual growth of branches — 32.68 m/tree, trunk volume — 40.9 cm, annual growth of the trunk — 1.5 cm. In triploids, the number of branches on one tree was 29.5, and the length of one branch on the tree was 105.7 cm, the annual growth of branches was 33.57 m/tree, tree tr

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Izumoto, Yoka, Toshiyuki Kurihara, Sumiaki Maeo, Takashi Sugiyama, Hiroaki Kanehisa, and Tadao Isaka. "Relationship between Trunk Muscularity and Club Head Speed in Male Golfers." International Journal of Sports Medicine 41, no. 06 (2020): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1087-2332.

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AbstractThis study examined how the volume of trunk muscles and its bilateral asymmetry are related to club head speed in golfers. Fourteen right-handed male golfers performed five driver shots, and the club head speed for each trial was calculated from a three-dimensional reflective marker position of the club head immediately before impact. The volume of each side of the rectus abdominis, erector spinae, psoas major, quadratus lumborum, lateral abdominal wall muscle, and multifidus was determined using magnetic resonance imaging. For each muscle, the ratio of the larger to smaller side in mu

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Nitto, Keita, Hiroaki Abe, Yuka Hashimoto, Yutaro Yabuki, Mayu Arai, and Ryo Sato. "Relationship between post-stroke trunk function and brain lesion locations: A support vector regression lesion-symptom mapping study." Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 57 (May 27, 2025): jrm42782. https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v57.42782.

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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between brain lesions and trunk function impairment in stroke patients. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Subjects/Patients: One hundred fifty-six first-time stroke patients admitted for rehabilitation between August 2021 and October 2023. Methods: Trunk function was assessed using the Trunk Control Test. Brain lesions were detected using magnetic resonance imaging scans. Support vector regression lesion-symptom mapping was used to identify brain lesions associated with trunk function on admission and discharge, adjusted for lesion

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Prat-Luri, Amaya, Pedro Moreno-Navarro, Jose A. García, David Barbado, Francisco J. Vera-Garcia, and Jose L. L. Elvira. "Do Initial Trunk Impairment, Age, Intervention Onset, and Training Volume Modulate the Effectiveness of Additional Trunk Exercise Programs after Stroke? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (2020): 8714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238714.

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The aim of this systematic review is to analyze how, after additional trunk-focused training programs (ATEP), motor recovery after a stroke is modulated by potential effect modifiers. Twenty randomized controlled studies that carried out ATEP were included. Results showed moderate-to-high effects in favor of ATEP for trunk function, balance ability, gait performance, and functional mobility. Studies with a higher initial trunk impairment obtained a higher effect on trunk function and balance; studies with older participants had a higher effect on trunk function, limit of stability, and functio

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