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Готові списки джерел за темами / Trust in expert systems

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Trust in expert systems"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 19 червня 2021

Оновлено: 17 лютого 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Trust in expert systems":

1

Wallace, Louise M., Peter Spurgeon, Jonathan Benn, Maria Koutantji, and Charles Vincent. "Improving patient safety incident reporting systems by focusing upon feedback – lessons from English and Welsh trusts." Health Services Management Research 22, no. 3 (August 2009): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/hsmr.2008.008019.

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This paper describes practical implications and learning from a multi-method study of feedback from patient safety incident reporting systems. The study was performed using the Safety Action and Information Feedback from Incident Reporting model, a model of the requirements of the feedback element of a patient safety incident reporting and learning system, derived from a scoping review of research and expert advice from world leaders in safety in high-risk industries. We present the key findings of the studies conducted in the National Health Services (NHS) trusts in England and Wales in 2006. These were a survey completed by risk managers for 351 trusts in England and Wales, three case studies including interviews with staff concerning an example of good practice feedback and an audit of 90 trusts clinical risk staff newsletters. We draw on an Expert Workshop that included 71 experts from the NHS, from regulatory bodies in health care, Royal Colleges, Health and Safety Executive and safety agencies in health care and high-risk industries (commercial aviation, rail and maritime industries). We draw recommendations of enduring relevance to the UK NHS that can be used by trust staff to improve their systems. The recommendations will be of relevance in general terms to health services worldwide.

2

Sridharan. "TRUST BASED AUTOMATIC QUERY FORMULATION SEARCH ON EXPERT AND KNOWLEDGE USERS SYSTEMS." Journal of Computer Science 10, no. 7 (July 1, 2014): 1174–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/jcssp.2014.1174.1185.

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3

Ameseder, Christoph, Oliver Meixner, Rainer Haas, Melanie Fritz, and Gerhard Schiefer. "Measurement of the importance of trust elements in agrifood chains: an application of the analytic hierarchy process." Journal on Chain and Network Science 8, no. 2 (January 1, 2008): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2008.x097.

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This paper focuses on the level of inter-organizational trust-building elements in food chains of different countries. It is based on a theoretical typology of trust elements, developed and tested for an early stage of business to business (B2B) relationships. In a planned study, required data will be collected via qualitative expert interviews. The importance of trust elements will be measured by applying the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The study will contribute to understanding the influence of cultural background and single key informants on inter-organizational trust. Results will be useful for the implementation of trust elements in B2B e-business applications.

4

Tonkin, Emma, Annabelle M. Wilson, John Coveney, Trevor Webb, and Samantha B. Meyer. "Trust in and through labelling – a systematic review and critique." British Food Journal 117, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 318–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-07-2014-0244.

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Purpose – Distrust of conventional food supply systems impacts consumer food choice. This in turn has implications for consumer nutrition outcomes and acceptance of expert advice regarding food and health. The research exploring consumer trust is found across a broad range of research streams, and is not cohesive in topic or approach. The purpose of this paper is to synthesise the disparate literature exploring the interaction between food labelling and consumer trust to determine what is known, and gaps in knowledge regarding food labelling and consumer trust. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic search of trust and food labelling literature was conducted, with study results synthesised and integrated. Studies were then critically analysed for the conceptualisation of the consumer, the label, and their interaction with a framework developed using social theories of trust. Findings – In total, 27 studies were identified. It was found that not only is the current literature predominantly atheoretical, but the conceptualisation of labelling has been limited. Research limitations/implications – Further empirical research is needed to enable a more comprehensive understanding of the role food labelling plays in influencing consumer trust in food systems. Originality/value – This research develops a conceptualisation of the dual roles food labelling may play in influencing consumer trust in food systems. It distinguishes between trust in food labelling itself, and the trust consumers develop in the food supply system through food labelling. The novel theoretical model and synthesis provide a foundation upon which future research may be conducted.

5

Mahbooba, Basim, Radhya Sahal, Wael Alosaimi, and Martin Serrano. "Trust in Intrusion Detection Systems: An Investigation of Performance Analysis for Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models." Complexity 2021 (March 8, 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5538896.

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To design and develop AI-based cybersecurity systems (e.g., intrusion detection system (IDS)), users can justifiably trust, one needs to evaluate the impact of trust using machine learning and deep learning technologies. To guide the design and implementation of trusted AI-based systems in IDS, this paper provides a comparison among machine learning and deep learning models to investigate the trust impact based on the accuracy of the trusted AI-based systems regarding the malicious data in IDs. The four machine learning techniques are decision tree (DT), K nearest neighbour (KNN), random forest (RF), and naïve Bayes (NB). The four deep learning techniques are LSTM (one and two layers) and GRU (one and two layers). Two datasets are used to classify the IDS attack type, including wireless sensor network detection system (WSN-DS) and KDD Cup network intrusion dataset. A detailed comparison of the eight techniques’ performance using all features and selected features is made by measuring the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Considering the findings related to the data, methodology, and expert accountability, interpretability for AI-based solutions also becomes demanded to enhance trust in the IDS.

6

Randell, Brian. "A Computer Scientist's Reactions to NPfIT." Journal of Information Technology 22, no. 3 (September 2007): 222–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000106.

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This paper contains a set of personal views relating to NHS Connecting for Health's National Programme for IT (NPfIT), and in particular its Care Records Service, written from the point of view of a computer scientist, not a medical informatics expert. The principal points made are as follows: Centralisation: Pulling lots of data together (for individual patients and then for large patient populations) harms safety and privacy – it is one byproduct of excessive use of identification when in fact all that is usually needed is authentication. Large centralized data storage facilities can be useful for reliability, but risk exchanging lots of small failures for a lesser number of much larger failures. A much more decentralised approach to electronic patient record (EPR) data and its storage should be investigated. Evolutionary acquisition: Specifying, implementing, deploying and evaluating a sequence of ever more complete IT systems is the best way of ending up with well-accepted and well-trusted systems – especially when this process is controlled by the stakeholders who are most directly involved, rather than by some distant central bureaucracy. Thus authority as well as responsibility should be left with hospital and general practitioner trusts to acquire IT systems that suit their environments and priorities – subject to adherence to minimal interoperability constraints – and to use centralized services (e.g., for system support and back-up) as if and when they choose. Socio-technical issues: Ill-chosen imposed medical IT systems impede patient care, are resisted, result in lots of accidental faults, and lose user support and trust. All these points are attested to by rigorous studies involving expertise from the social sciences (psychology, ethnography, etc.) as well as by technical (medical and computer) experts – much more attention needs to be paid to such studies, and more such studies encouraged. Constructive reviews: A constructive expert review, working closely with Connecting for Health, could be very helpful, but should be evidently independent and open and thus essentially different in nature to past and current inquiries. A review of this nature could not just recommend appropriate changes of plan, and speed progress. It could also contribute to the vital task of helping to restore the trust and confidence of the public and the media in the programme and in the government officials involved.

7

TRČEK, DENIS. "QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT DYNAMICS — COMPLEMENTING TRUST METHODS FOR DECISION MAKING." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 13, no. 01 (January 2014): 155–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622014500072.

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Trust is not only one key ingredient of prosperous organizations and societies, but also an essential factor in decision-making processes. And when it comes to trust, the latest advances in computing sciences area are increasingly supporting the related processes by deployment of so-called trust management systems. These systems are slowly advancing from their early stages of evolution toward more sophisticated and already operationally deployable solutions. As there seems to be no "Swiss-army knife" like methodology for trust management, it is reasonable to assume that not only one, but a few of them will be deployed in the future, depending on their basic principles of functioning,purposes and contexts of use. Therefore there still exists a gap in this area with unaddressed issues where humans (or humans-like agents) would be in focus. Quality Assessment Dynamics, QAD, which is presented in this paper, is taking these issues into account. It is based on operands and operators that model human ways of reasoning as described in many natural languages. Further, it is a formal system and therefore enabled for deployment in computing environments. This way QAD complements existing trust management methods and provides additional means for decision making through deployment in simulations and in trust management engines, while being understandable to ordinary users without requiring sophisticated expert knowledge.

8

Dadzie, Kofi Q., Charlene A. Dadzie, and Alvin J. Williams. "Trust and duration of buyer-seller relationship in emerging markets." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 33, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 134–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-04-2017-0090.

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Purpose This study aims to examine how various components of interpersonal trust (affective and cognitive) influence the duration of buyer-seller relationships in the emerging market (EM) context of a heterogeneous market structure dominated by small, fragmented sellers/suppliers. Design/methodology/approach The study proposes a hazard model for analyzing duration effects of interpersonal trust in the EM context. The model was validated using data on buying agents provided by 340 cocoa sellers/producers in Ghana, gathered from extensive field interviews. Findings Results of the survival analysis reveal a limited but significant positive duration effect of cognitive (ability) trust only. Further analysis of sellers’ duration intentions (intention to remain with a buyer) also reveals a positive impact of affective trust but no impact of cognitive (ability and integrity) trust. Cocoa bean sellers’ evaluation of buying firms’ purchasing agents suggests that buying firms underperform on emotional/affective components of interpersonal trust, and that private firms outperform state buying agents on ability trust as well. Research limitations/implications While this study focused on the fragmented nature of sellers in the EM context, and the scope was limited to the sellers’ interpersonal trust perception of the buyer-seller, future research should examine both buyer and seller perceptions to obtain complete insight into the buyer-seller dyad in the EM context. In addition, the results of the duration effects identified in this study may not be generalizable to other EM export commodities, where channels have long been fully privatized. Ghana’s cocoa export marketing system was only recently privatized, and potentially has more sellers at the risk of adopting/switching relationships with their buyers than would be expected in more privatized expert commodity marketing systems. Practical implications Managers of export commodity buying firms in EMs can take advantage of the positive duration effects of cognitive trust by constantly improving the capabilities of their purchasing agents throughout the lifetime of their suppliers to sustain their relationship. However, sellers’ intention to switch can be mitigated by formalizing policies that encourage emotional bonds with sellers, especially small-scale producers in highly vulnerable bargaining positions. The aggregate output of small-scale producers could be of strategic importance in the future. Originality/value Managers need systematic empirical evidence of the nature of duration effects of interpersonal trust given anecdotal evidence suggesting that managers have a tendency to emphasize cognitive trust over affective/emotional trust. Further, the applicability of such evidence in the EM context is critical given unique conditions such as highly fragmented sellers dealing with relatively large corporations.

9

Savolainen, Reijo. "Manifestations of expert power in gatekeeping: a conceptual study." Journal of Documentation 76, no. 6 (April 11, 2020): 1215–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-01-2020-0010.

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PurposeThis study aims to elaborate the picture of the relationships between information and power by examining how expert power appears in the characterizations of gatekeeping presented in the research literature.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses conceptual analysis for examining how expert power is constitutive of the construct of gatekeeper and how people subject to the influence of gatekeeping trust or challenge the expert power attributed to gatekeepers. The study draws on the analysis of 40 key studies on the above issues.FindingsResearchers have mainly constructed the gatekeepers' expert power in terms of superior knowledge and skills applicable to a specific domain, coupled with an ability to control or facilitate access to information. The gatekeeper's expert power has been approached as a contextual factor that facilitates rather than controls access to information. The power relationships between the gatekeepers and those subject to gatekeeping vary contextually, depending on the extent to which the latter have access to alternative sources of information. The findings highlight the need to elaborate the construct of gatekeeping by rethinking its relevance in the networked information environments where the traditional picture of gatekeepers controlling access to information sources is eroding.Research limitations/implicationsAs the study focuses on how expert power figures in gatekeeping, no attention is devoted to the role of social power of other types, for example, reward power and referent power.Originality/valueThe study pioneers by providing an in-depth analysis of the nature of expert power as a constituent of gatekeeping.

10

Cherepanova, Marya I., Svetlana G. Maximova, and Sydysmaa A. Saryglar. "SOCIAL CAPITAL OF THE ALTAI TERRITORY: HOW TRUST DETERMINES SECURITY." Society and Security Insights 3, no. 2 (June 21, 2020): 132–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/ssi(2020)2-08.

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The scientific significance of studying security problems in regional societies is determined by the need to reveal its actual components. Such complex indicator as social capital includes basic indicators of the functioning of civil society: social responsibility, activity, civic initiative, etc. The social capital formed in society induces generalized trust. At the same time, institutional trust contributes to the legitimization of legal and political institutions. The purpose of this article is to describe the social mechanism of interdependence of components of social capital and generalized trust that form a sense of security in the region. The article summarizes expert assessments that indicate heterogeneity of institutional systems, which are indicators of low coherence of the social order and form a low level of trust and, consequently, security in the Altai territory. It is concluded that for modern Russian society, as well as for its regions, the problem of regenerating generalized trust as a social background for optimizing post-industrial transformations is extremely significant. Stability of the active role of social institutions, the reproduction of spiritual values, such as the common good, inter-ethnic tolerance, social justice are among most important factors restoring social trust.

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Дисертації з теми "Trust in expert systems":

1

Cloran, Russell Andrew. "Trust on the semantic web." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/852/.

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2

Imran, Muhammad. "The impact of consolidating web based social networks on trust metrics and expert recommendation systems." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/385200/.

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Individuals are typically members of a variety of web-based social networks (both explicit and implied), but existing trust inference mechanisms typically draw on only a single network to calculate trust between any two individuals. This reduces both the likelihood that a trust value can be calculated (as both people have to be members of the same network), and the quality of any trust inference that can be drawn (as it will be based on only a single network, typically representing a single type of relationship). To make trust calculations on Multiple Distributed (MuDi) social networks, those networks must first be consolidated into a single network. Two challenges that arise when consolidating MuDi networks are their heterogeneity, due to different name representation techniques used for participants, and the variability of trust information, due to the different trust evaluation criteria, across the different candidate networks. Semantic technologies are vital to deal with the heterogeneity issues as they permit data to be linked from multiple resources and help them to be modelled in a uniform representation using ontologies. The inconsistency of multiple trust values from different networks is handled using data fusion techniques, as simpler aggregation techniques of summation and weighted averages tend to distort trust data. To test the proposed semantic framework, two set of experiments were run. Simulation experiments generated pairs of networks with varying percentages of Participant Overlap (PO) and Tie Overlap (TO), with trust values added to the links between participants in the networks. It analysed different data fusion techniques aiming to identify which best preserved the integrity of trust from each individual network with varying values of PO and TO. A real world experiment used the findings of the simulation experiment on the best trust aggregation techniques and applied the framework to real trust data between participants that was extracted from a pair of professional social networks. The trust values generated from consolidated MuDi networks were then compared with the real life trust between users, collected using a survey, with the aim of analysing whether aggregated trust is closer to real life trust than using each of the individual networks. Analysis of the simulation experiment showed that the Weighted Ordered Weighted Averaging (WOWA) data fusion technique better aggregated trust data and, unlike the other techniques, preserved the integrity of trust from each individual network for varying PO and TO (p � 0.05). The real world experiment partially proved the hypothesis of generating better trust values from consolidated MuDi networks and showed improved results for participants who are part of both networks (p � 0.05), while disproving the claim for those in the cross-region (with one user present in both networks and the other in a single network) and single-network users (p > 0.05).

3

Andersson, Emma, and Rebecca Sjöstam. "Covid-19, en pandemi i vår tid : En sociologisk studie om experternas roll i samhället under en kris." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för sociala och psykologiska studier (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-80534.

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Denna uppsats har ett fokus på den pågående pandemin, covid-19, och experters roll i samhället. Uppsatsen bygger på två enkäter, tre opinionsundersökningar, fyra artiklar, ett tv-klipp och Stefan Löfvens tal till nationen. Studien är av kvantitativ metod, resultatet från enkäterna har bearbetats i spss och resterande resultat har fungerat som ett komplement till de resultatet som har framkommit i enkäterna. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka experters roll under en kris. I studien används teorier om förtroende för experter, subjektiv och objektiv verklighet, riskperception teori och moderniseringsriskernas beroende av kunskap. I det resultat som framkommer i uppsatsen går det att se att experter har en central roll under en kris. Experter behövs för att en risk eller en kris ska ses som just detta, de behövs också för att människor ska kunna uppfatta osynliga risker som denna typ av moderniseringsrisk är. I resultatet går det också att se att det finns ett oförändrat eller ökat förtroende för experter, det går också att utläsa i resultatet att det finns faktorer som påverkar hur människan agerar under en kris. Dessa faktorer kan vara exempelvis kön och ålder.
This essay focuses on the ongoing pandemic, covid-19, and the role of the experts in society. The essay is based on two surveys, three opinion polls, four articles, one television clip and Stefan Löfven's speech to the nation. The study is of a quantitative method, the results of the questionnaires have been processed in SPSS and the remaining results have served as a complement to the results that have emerged in the questionnaires. The purpose of this essay is to investigate the role of the experts during a crisis. The study uses theories of trust in experts, subjective and objective reality, risk perception theory and the risks of modernization to knowledge. In the results that appear in the exam, it is possible to see that the experts have a central role during a crisis. Experts are needed for a risk or a crisis to be seen as a risk, they are also needed for people to be able to recognize an invisible risk that this type of modernization risk is. In the result it is also possible to see that there is an unchanged or increased trust in experts, it can also be seen in the result that there are factors that influence how a person acts during a crisis. These factors can be, for example, gender and age.

4

Löbler, Helge. "When trust makes it worse - rating agencies as disembedded service systems in the U.S. financial crisis." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-218169.

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Rating agencies provide service by offering information about different kinds of securities and/or investment opportunities. This paper addresses questions often asked during the 2008 U.S. financial crisis: Why did no one see this coming? Why were all the explanations given afterward, not given before as precautions? Or if they were given before, why did nobody listen? Using Giddens’ idea of disembedded systems [Giddens A (1991a) The Consequences of Modernity (Polity Press, Cambridge, UK)], the paper describes and frames the phenomenon of U.S. financial crisis and the role of rating agencies in particular as a disembedded service system. Hereby it offers an explanation of the crises in contrast to the common incentive-oriented or moralizing perspectives. The paper shows that the U.S. financial crisis emerged from a disembedded service system, a simulacrum of ratings, which after a while was no more connected to the reality of securities. Information-providing service systems are in danger to become simulacra, and with it they can disembed. The paper offers a new insightful perspective on how to analyze and understand information-providing service systems and hence offers a perspective to avoid crises based on disembedded systems. This is the first paper to our knowledge to analyze information-providing service systems based on Giddens’ theory of abstract disembedded systems. It provides a new understanding of information-providing service systems that can help to avoid crises based on disembedded systems.

5

Löbler, Helge. "When trust makes it worse - rating agencies as disembedded service systems in the U.S. financial crisis." Informs, 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15267.

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Rating agencies provide service by offering information about different kinds of securities and/or investment opportunities. This paper addresses questions often asked during the 2008 U.S. financial crisis: Why did no one see this coming? Why were all the explanations given afterward, not given before as precautions? Or if they were given before, why did nobody listen? Using Giddens’ idea of disembedded systems [Giddens A (1991a) The Consequences of Modernity (Polity Press, Cambridge, UK)], the paper describes and frames the phenomenon of U.S. financial crisis and the role of rating agencies in particular as a disembedded service system. Hereby it offers an explanation of the crises in contrast to the common incentive-oriented or moralizing perspectives. The paper shows that the U.S. financial crisis emerged from a disembedded service system, a simulacrum of ratings, which after a while was no more connected to the reality of securities. Information-providing service systems are in danger to become simulacra, and with it they can disembed. The paper offers a new insightful perspective on how to analyze and understand information-providing service systems and hence offers a perspective to avoid crises based on disembedded systems. This is the first paper to our knowledge to analyze information-providing service systems based on Giddens’ theory of abstract disembedded systems. It provides a new understanding of information-providing service systems that can help to avoid crises based on disembedded systems.

6

Foster, Patrick. "The development of a feasible expert system model of bridge truss design for use in fifth-grade technology education." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845928.

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This study was pursued to determine the essential characteristics of a fifth-grade technology education unit of study utilizing an expert system for bridge design. A panel of artificial intelligence experts was consulted to determine the feasibility of using expert system software to model bridge design, and a panel of education experts was consulted to determine the critical components for the study of bridge design in the fifth grade.It was determined that the most important components of such a study were integration with other curricular areas, most notably mathematics and social studies, and the incorporation of cooperative and group work among students. It was also determined that bridge design is a suitable knowledge domain for expert system consultation.Finally, recommendations for further study were stated.
Department of Industry & Technology

7

Fridlund, Daniel, and Patrik Persson. "Uppfattade risker med covid-19 vaccin -Påverkar solidaritet och förändrad tillit riskuppfattningar?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-92438.

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Den pågående vaccineringen mot covid-19 har inneburit att många människor börjar se ljuset i tunneln på den mörka tid som coronapandemin orsakat. Det råder dock inte konsensus kring vaccinet som uteslutande positiv för folkhälsan då vissa istället väljer att betona riskerna som vaccinet kan medföra framför fördelarna med vaccination.Tidigare forskning visar att faktorer som tillit, risker och individuella medicinska överväganden, likväl som kulturella aspekter har en avgörande roll i riskuppfattning gällande vaccinering.Studiens teoretiska referensram utgår från Becks teori om risksamhället, Giddens begrepp tillit till expertsystem, samt Douglas kulturella riskteori och beskyllningskultur.Syftet med denna pilotstudie är att undersöka studenters riskuppfattning gällande vaccinet mot covid-19, samt ifall riskuppfattning påverkas av faktorer som förändrad tillit och solidaritetsgrad.Datainsamlingen utgörs av en kvantitativ metod i form av enkätundersökning, där studiens urval består av medlemmar i gruppen ”Dom kallar oss studenter” på Facebook. Data från undersökningen analyserades sedan genom univariat analys samt multivariata regressionsanalyser.Resultat från studien visar att studenter med försämrad tillit till myndigheter uppfattar risker med biverkningar från vaccinet i högre grad än studenter som har en likvärdig eller förbättrad tillit till myndigheter. Det visar även att studenter med hög solidarisk inställning ser mindre risker med biverkningar från vaccinet än de med låg solidarisk inställning.Nyckelord: Covid-19, Risk, Förändrad tillit, Tillit till expertsystem, Risksamhället, Solidaritet, Kulturell riskteori, Kris.
The ongoing vaccination against covid-19 has meant that many people begin to see the light in the tunnel of the dark time that the corona pandemic has caused. However, there is no consensus about the vaccine as exclusively positive for public health as some instead choose to emphasize the risks that the vaccine may entail over the benefits of vaccination.Previous research shows that factors such as trust, risks and individual medical considerations, as well as cultural aspects, play a crucial role in risk perception regarding vaccination.The theoretical frame of reference in this study is based on Beck’s theory of the risks society, Giddens’ trust in expert systems, and Douglas’ cultural risk theory and blameculture.The aim of this pilot study is to investigate students’ perception of risk regarding the vaccine against covid-19, and whether risk perception is affected by factors such as changes in trust and degree of solidarity.The data collection consists of a quantitative method in the form of a survey, where the study sample consists of members of the group ”Dom kallar oss studenter” on Facebook. Data from the survey were then analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate regression analyzes.Results from the study show that students with impaired trust in authorities perceive risks of side effects from the vaccine to a greater degree than students who have an equivalent or improved trust in authorities. It also shows that students with a high degree of solidarity see less risks with side effects from the vaccine than those with a low solidarity attitude.

8

Johansson, Tobias, and Tobias Jonsson. "Risk, tillit och vaccinering -En kvalitativ studie om unga vuxnas resonemang kring vaccinationen av Covid-19 i en svensk kontext." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-92441.

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The first case of Covid-19 in Sweden was confirmed at the end of January 2020. At the time of conducting this study the society has begun vaccination against the virus. Although a majority of the population seem positive towards vaccination, the question remains which factors are influencing this attitude. The aim of this study is to create an understanding of how young adults in Sweden reason about Covid-19 and the vaccination thereof. The aim of this study is answered with the following question statements, how do young adults in Sweden reason about the risk of Covid-19 and the vaccination thereof and how do young adults in Sweden reason about the vaccination formed by their natural attitude and trust towards expert systems. Previous research shows that risk and trust towards expert systems are influential factors on individuals' inclination towards vaccines, regarding child vaccines or previous influenza vaccines. Antecedent quantitative studies show differences in vaccination attitudes between age categories and that young adults were most likely to have a negative attitude towards vaccines. This qualitative interview study, focusing on individuals in the age category of young adults, shows how risk and trust towards expert systems can influence their reasoning regarding Covid-19 and the vaccine against the virus, furthermore it shows how their natural attitudes can be affected by the pandemic. The result of this study shows that the studied young adults tend to see more risks with Covid-19 towards other people than themselves, which can be a contributing factor to the attitude towards vaccination of that age category. This study also shows that a high trust in expert systems can enable a positive reasoning regarding the vaccine and that the subjects of this study’s natural attitudes are changed by the pandemic.
Det första fallet av Covid-19 bekräftades i Sverige i slutet på januari 2020. Vid studiens genomförande har samhället påbörjat vaccineringen mot viruset. Även om majoriteten av befolkningen verkar positivt inställda till vaccinet återstår frågan om vilka faktorer som påverkar detta. Syftet med denna studie är att skapa en förståelse för hur unga vuxna i Sverige resonerar kring Covid-19 viruset och vaccinationen mot det. Syftet besvaras med följande frågeställningar, hur resonerar unga vuxna i Sverige kring risker med Covid-19 viruset och vaccinationen mot det och hur formas unga vuxna i Sveriges resonemang kring vaccinering av den naturliga inställningen och deras förhållningssätt till expertsystem. Tidigare forskning visar att risk och tillit till expertsystem kan vara påverkande faktorer på individers vaccinationsbenägenhet, åtminstone när det gäller barnvaccin eller tidigare influensavaccinationer. Tidigare kvantitativ forskning har även visat på skillnader i vaccinationsbenägenhet mellan åldersgrupper, där unga vuxna var mest troliga att vara negativt inställda. Denna kvalitativa intervjustudie med individer i åldersgruppen unga vuxna visar hur risk och tillit till expertsystem kan influera deras resonemang kring Covid-19 viruset och vaccineringen mot det samt hur deras naturliga inställning kan påverkas av pandemin. Resultatet av studien visar att respondenterna tenderar att se allvarligare på risker med Covid-19 gentemot andra än sig själva, något som kan vara en bidragande faktor till den åldersgruppens inställning till vaccinering. Studien visar även att en hög tillit till expertsystem möjliggör ett positivt resonemang kring vaccineringen och att den naturliga inställningen i pandemins samhälle är förändrad hos respondenterna.

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Morgado, Flávio. "Confiança na comunicação de informações econômico-financeiras: o caso das empresas de autogestão." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5123.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:17:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavio Morgado.pdf: 1462972 bytes, checksum: e782d73f95d1f93afa44cdd537dd26bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-07
After the financial scandals which occurred in 2001, when confidence in the financial market has been questioned, the issue of corporate governance has become part of the agenda of the shareholders and stakeholders - corporate customers and suppliers, government and individual investors, pension funds and society in general - especially with the financial statements and the audit to which they were submitted. The financial statements can be considered expert systems, which are systems of technical excellence and professional competence on which we do not know and we can t give most of the reasons (codes of knowledge) governing its operation. It s taken for granted; there is faith, not so much in their competences, but the authenticity of expert knowledge, based on experience and regularity in the operation of these systems, in addition to the regulatory forces, which aim at protecting users. The objective of this work is to establish criteria for the creation of confidence in the communication process of economic-financial information. The research is inserted in the field of organizational communication. The methodology used was that of multiple case studies, involving the components of the accounting communication process in self management enterprises. The sender, the message and channel were evaluated for reliability (be worthy of trust). The receiver was evaluated as to the trust (the act of trust). The results showed the importance of transparency in the dissemination of information, combined with effective internal controls as a requirement for self management and for internal democracy. The also showed the difficulties of workers in self management enterprises, of knowing about management, undermining thus the question of participation. Another observation is that trust is also the product of self-management and institutional environment for Solidarity Economy which has the confidence as a principle
Após os escândalos financeiros ocorridos em 2001, quando a confiança no mercado financeiro foi questionada, a questão da governança corporativa passou a fazer parte da agenda dos acionistas e demais envolvidos empresas clientes e fornecedoras, governo, investidores individuais, fundos de pensão e sociedade em geral principalmente com as demonstrações financeiras e com a auditoria a que eram submetidas. As demonstrações financeiras podem ser consideradas sistemas peritos, que são sistemas de excelência técnica ou competência profissional, sobre os quais não se conhece e não se pode conferir a maior parte dos fundamentos (códigos de conhecimento) que regem seu funcionamento. Confia-se, tem-se fé, não tanto em suas competências, mas na autenticidade do conhecimento perito, baseado na experiência e na regularidade no funcionamento desses sistemas, além das forças reguladoras, que visam à proteção dos usuários. O objetivo deste trabalho é estabelecer critérios para a criação de confiança no processo de comunicação de informações econômicofinanceiras. A pesquisa insere-se no campo da comunicação organizacional. A metodologia utilizada foi a dos múltiplos estudos de caso, envolvendo os componentes do processo de comunicação contábil, em empresas de autogestão. O emissor, a mensagem e o canal foram avaliados quanto à confiabilidade (ser merecedor de confiança). O receptor foi avaliado quanto à confiança (o ato de confiar). Os resultados mostraram a importância da transparência na divulgação das informações, aliada a controles internos efetivos, como requisito para a autogestão e para a democracia interna. Mostraram também as dificuldades dos trabalhadores em empresas de autogestão de se apropriarem do conhecimento sobre gestão, comprometendo, assim, a questão da participação. Outra constatação é que a confiança também é produto do ambiente institucional da autogestão e da Economia Solidária, que tem a confiança como princípio

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Fisher, David B. "Expert systems in typography /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10583.

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Книги з теми "Trust in expert systems":

1

Benfer, Robert Alfred. Expert systems. Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications, 1991.

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Morris, Anne. Expert systems. London: Library & Information Technology Centre and British Library Research and Development Department, 1990.

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3

Canada. Dept. of Regional Industrial Expansion. Office of Industrial Innovation. Expert Systems. S.l: s.n, 1985.

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Benfer, Robert, Edward Brent, and Louanna Furbee. Expert Systems. 2455 Teller Road, Newbury Park California 91320 United States of America: SAGE Publications, Inc., 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412984225.

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Benfer, Robert Alfred. Expert systems. Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications, 1991.

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6

Letendre, Alain. Expert systems. [Ottawa]: Govt. of Canada, Regional Industrial Expansion, 1985.

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7

Mumpower, Jeryl L. Expert Judgment and Expert Systems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987.

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NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Expert Judgment and Expert Systems (1986 Porto, Portugal). Expert judgment and expert systems. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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Mumpower, Jeryl L., Ortwin Renn, Lawrence D. Phillips, and V. R. R. Uppuluri, eds. Expert Judgment and Expert Systems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86679-1.

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Horn, Mike Van. Understanding expert systems. Toronto: Bantam Books, 1986.

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Частини книг з теми "Trust in expert systems":

1

Basden, Andrew, John B. Evans, David W. Chadwick, and Andrew Young. "Coping with Poorly Understood Domains: The Example of Internet Trust." In Research and Development in Expert Systems XV, 114–30. London: Springer London, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0835-1_8.

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Ferguson, Harry. "Trust, Risk and Expert Systems: Child Protection, Modernity and the (Changing) Management of Life and Death." In Trust, Risk and Uncertainty, 89–105. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230506039_6.

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Skulimowski, Andrzej M. J. "Universal Intelligence, Creativity, and Trust in Emerging Global Expert Systems." In Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing, 582–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38610-7_53.

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Vourgidis, Ioannis, Shadreck Joseph Mafuma, Paul Wilson, Jenny Carter, and Georgina Cosma. "Medical Expert Systems – A Study of Trust and Acceptance by Healthcare Stakeholders." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 108–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97982-3_9.

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Kirchebner, Tobias, Stephan Schlögl, Erin Bass, and Thomas Dilger. "Investigating Trust in Expert System Advice for Business Ethics Audits." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 316–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81635-3_26.

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Selvakumar, K., and L. Sai Ramesh. "Fuzzy Expert System-Based Node Trust Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks." In Inventive Computation and Information Technologies, 435–44. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4305-4_33.

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Ahamed, AFM Jalal, and Ilias O. Pappas. "Revisiting the Trust–Commitment and Export Performance Link: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) Approach." In Re-imagining Diffusion and Adoption of Information Technology and Systems: A Continuing Conversation, 556–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64861-9_49.

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Dankel, Douglas D. "Expert Systems." In Organization and Decision Theory, 255–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2514-4_10.

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Hadi, Ali S. "Expert Systems." In International Encyclopedia of Statistical Science, 480–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04898-2_240.

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Challinor, Andrew. "Expert Systems." In Applied Agrometeorology, 885–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74698-0_104.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Trust in expert systems":

1

Güneş, Taha D., Long Tran-Thanh, and Timothy J. Norman. "Identifying vulnerabilities in trust and reputation systems." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/44.

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Online communities use trust and reputation systems to assist their users in evaluating other parties. Due to the preponderance of these systems, malicious entities have a strong incentive to attempt to influence them, and strategies employed are increasingly sophisticated. Current practice is to evaluate trust and reputation systems against known attacks, and hence are heavily reliant on expert analysts. We present a novel method for automatically identifying vulnerabilities in such systems by formulating the problem as a derivative-free optimisation problem and applying efficient sampling methods. We illustrate the application of this method for attacks that involve the injection of false evidence, and identify vulnerabilities in existing trust models. In this way, we provide reliable and objective means to assess how robust trust and reputation systems are to different kinds of attacks.

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Bearly, T., and Vijay Kumar. "Expanding trust beyond reputation in peer-to-peer systems." In Proceedings. 15th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications, 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.2004.1333603.

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Sanger, Johannes, Christian Richthammer, Sabri Hassan, and Gunther Pernul. "Trust and Big Data: A Roadmap for Research." In 2014 25th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.2014.63.

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Heupel, Marcel, Mohamed Bourimi, and Dogan Kesdogan. "The di.me Trust Approach for Supporting Collaborative Scenarios." In 2014 25th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.2014.70.

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Gummadi, A., and J. P. Yoon. "Modeling group trust for peer-to-peer access control." In Proceedings. 15th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications, 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.2004.1333604.

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Sridharan, K., and M. Chitra. "Customized Trust Based Search on Expert and Knowledge Users Two Sided Service Systems." In Confluence 2013: The Next Generation Information Technology Summit (4th International Conference). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2013.2314.

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Martín, Sonia San, Carmen Camarero, and Rebeca San José. "The Moderating Role of Involvement in the Creation of Online Trust and Satisfaction." In 2008 19th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.2008.19.

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Casaló, Luis V., and Jesús Cisneros. "An Empirical Test of the Multiplicative Effect of Usability on Consumer Trust and Satisfaction." In 2008 19th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.2008.139.

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Palomar, Esther, Juan M. E. Tapiador, Julio C. Hernandez-Castro, and Arturo Ribagorda. "Dealing with Sporadic Strangers, or the (Un)Suitability of Trust for Mobile P2P Security." In 18th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.2007.103.

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Palomar, Esther, Juan M. E. Tapiador, Julio C. Hernandez-Castro, and Arturo Ribagorda. "Dealing with Sporadic Strangers, or the (Un)Suitability of Trust for Mobile P2P Security." In 18th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.2007.4313000.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Trust in expert systems":

1

Hirshfield, Stuart H. Integrated Expert Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada196630.

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Altman, N. S. Expert Systems and Statistical Expertise. Part 1. Statistical Expert Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada159503.

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Cao, Shoufeng, Uwe Dulleck, Warwick Powell, Charles Turner-Morris, Valeri Natanelov, and Marcus Foth. BeefLedger blockchain-credentialed beef exports to China: Early consumer insights. Queensland University of Technology, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.200267.

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The BeefLedger Export Smart Contracts project is a collaborative research study between BeefLedger Ltd and QUT co-funded by the Food Agility CRC. This project exists to deliver economic value to those involved in the production, export and consumption of Australian beef to China through: (1) reduced information asymmetry; (2) streamlined compliance processes, and; (3) developing and accessing new data-driven value drivers, through the deployment of decentralised ledger technologies and associated governance systems. This report presents early insights from a survey deployed to Chinese consumers in Nov/Dec 2019 exploring attitudes and preferences about blockchain-credentialed beef exports to China. Our results show that most local and foreign consumers were willing to pay more than the reference price for a BeefLedger branded Australian cut and packed Sirloin steak at the same weight. Although considered superior over Chinese processed Australian beef products, the Chinese market were sceptical that the beef they buy was really from Australia, expressing low trust in Australian label and traceability information. Despite lower trust, most survey respondents were willing to pay more for traceability supported Australian beef, potentially because including this information provided an additional sense of safety. Therefore, traceability information should be provided to consumers, as it can add a competitive advantage over products without traceability.

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Schank, Roger C. Memory-Based Expert Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada219875.

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Gowens, J. W. Expert Systems Development Methodology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada216892.

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Stevenson, Charles A. Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada436516.

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Chandrasekaran, B., and Karsten Schwan. Parallel Real-Time Expert Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada193673.

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O'Neil, Harold F., Ni Jr., Jacoby Yujing, Swigger Anat, and Kathleen M. Human Benchmarking of Expert Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada233601.

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Gass, Saul I., Suneel Bhasker, and Robert E. Chapman. Expert systems and emergency management. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.sp.728.

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Fisher, David A. Principles of Trust for Embedded Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada611117.

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