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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Tumour environment"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Tumour environment"

1

Bennaceur, Karim, Jessica Chapman, Leila Brikci-Nigassa, Kamel Sanhadji, Jean-louis Touraine, and Jacques Portoukalian. "Dendritic cells dysfunction in tumour environment." Cancer Letters 272, no. 2 (December 2008): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2008.05.017.

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2

Shahriyari, Leili. "Cell dynamics in tumour environment after treatments." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 14, no. 127 (February 2017): 20160977. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.0977.

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Most cancer treatments cause necrotic cell deaths in the tumour microenvironment. Necrotic cells send signals to immune cells to start the wound healing process in the tissue. Therefore, we assume after stopping treatments there is a wound that needs to be healed. We develop a simple computational model to investigate cell dynamics during the wound healing process after treatments. The model predicts that the involvement of high-fitness cancer cells in the wound healing leads to fast relapse, and cancer cells outside of the wound can cause a slow recurrence of the tumour. Therefore, the absence of relapse after treatments may imply a slow-developing tumour that might not reach an observable size in the patients' lifetime. Additionally, the model indicates that the location of remaining cancer cells after treatments is an important factor in the recurrence time. The fastest recurrence happens when high-fitness cancer cells remain inside of the wound. However, the longest time to recurrence corresponds to cancer cells located outside of the wound. Note that this model is the first attempt to study cell dynamics in the wound healing process after cancer treatments, and it has some limitations that might influence the results. Experiments are needed to validate the results.

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3

Sinha, Sweta, Paramjeet Singh, and Mehmet Emir Koksal. "Mathematical and Numerical Modelling of Interference of Immune Cells in the Tumour Environment." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2023 (January 3, 2023): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9006678.

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In this article, the behaviour of tumour growth and its interaction with the immune system have been studied using a mathematical model in the form of partial differential equations. However, the development of tumours and how they interact with the immune system make up an extremely complex and little-understood system. A new mathematical model has been proposed to gain insight into the role of immune response in the tumour microenvironment when no treatment is applied. The resulting model is a set of partial differential equations made up of four variables: the population density of tumour cells, two different types of immune cells (CD4+ helper T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells), and nutrition content. Such kinds of systems also occur frequently in science and engineering. The interaction of tumour and immune cells is exemplified by predator-prey models in ecology, in which tumour cells act as prey and immune cells act as predators. The tumour-immune cell interaction is expressed via Holling’s Type-III and Beddington-DeAngelis functional responses. The combination of finite volume and finite element method is used to approximate the system numerically because these approximations are more suitable for time-dependent systems having diffusion. Finally, numerical simulations show that the methods perform well and depict the behaviour of the model.

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4

Schumacher, Neele, Stefan Rose-John, and Dirk Schmidt-Arras. "ADAM-Mediated Signalling Pathways in Gastrointestinal Cancer Formation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14 (July 20, 2020): 5133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21145133.

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Tumour growth is not solely driven by tumour cell-intrinsic mechanisms, but also depends on paracrine signals provided by the tumour micro-environment. These signals comprise cytokines and growth factors that are synthesized as trans-membrane proteins and need to be liberated by limited proteolysis also termed ectodomain shedding. Members of the family of A disintegrin and metalloproteases (ADAM) are major mediators of ectodomain shedding and therefore initiators of paracrine signal transduction. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on how ADAM proteases on tumour cells but also on cells of the tumour micro-environment contribute to the formation of gastrointestinal tumours, and discuss how these processes can be exploited pharmacologically.

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5

Inácio Pinto, Nelson, June Carnier, Lila M. Oyama, Jose Pinhata Otoch, Paulo Sergio Alcântara, Flavio Tokeshi, and Claudia M. Nascimento. "Cancer as a Proinflammatory Environment: Metastasis and Cachexia." Mediators of Inflammation 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/791060.

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The development of the syndrome of cancer cachexia and that of metastasis are related with a poor prognostic for cancer patients. They are considered multifactorial processes associated with a proinflammatory environment, to which tumour microenvironment and other tissues from the tumour bearing individuals contribute. The aim of the present review is to address the role of ghrelin, myostatin, leptin, HIF, IL-6, TNF-α, and ANGPTL-4 in the regulation of energy balance, tumour development, and tumoural cell invasion. Hypoxia induced factor plays a prominent role in tumour macro- and microenvironment, by modulating the release of proinflammatory cytokines.

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6

David, E., F. Blanchard, M. F. Heymann, G. De Pinieux, F. Gouin, F. Rédini, and D. Heymann. "The Bone Niche of Chondrosarcoma: A Sanctuary for Drug Resistance, Tumour Growth and also a Source of New Therapeutic Targets." Sarcoma 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/932451.

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Chondrosarcomas are malignant cartilage-forming tumours representing around 20% of malignant primary tumours of bone and affect mainly adults in the third to sixth decade of life. Unfortunately, the molecular pathways controlling the genesis and the growth of chondrosarcoma cells are still not fully defined. It is well admitted that the invasion of bone by tumour cells affects the balance between early bone resorption and formation and induces an “inflammatory-like” environment which establishes a dialogue between tumour cells and their environment. The bone tumour microenvironment is then described as a sanctuary that contributes to the drug resistance patterns and may control at least in part the tumour growth. The concept of “niche” defined as a specialized microenvironment that can promote the emergence of tumour stem cells and provide all the required factors for their development recently emerges in the literature. The present paper aims to summarize the main evidence sustaining the existence of a specific bone niche in the pathogenesis of chondrosarcomas.

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7

Onion, D., R. Argent, R. Kumari, S. Watson, A. Axel, and B. Hall. "158 3D tumour models for the assessment of tumour micro-environment targeted therapies." European Journal of Cancer Supplements 8, no. 7 (November 2010): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71863-2.

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8

Domagala-Kulawik, J., and M. Maskey-Warzecowska. "T-regulatory cells in COPD or tumour environment." European Respiratory Journal 34, no. 1 (June 30, 2009): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00025609.

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9

Li, L., I. Spendlove, J. Morgan, and L. G. Durrant. "CD55 is over-expressed in the tumour environment." British Journal of Cancer 84, no. 1 (2001): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/bjoc.2000.1570.

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10

van Tienderen, Groot Koerkamp, IJzermans, van der Laan, and Verstegen. "Recreating Tumour Complexity in a Dish: Organoid Models to Study Liver Cancer Cells and their Extracellular Environment." Cancers 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 1706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11111706.

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Primary liver cancer, consisting predominantly of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), remains one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. This high malignancy is related to the complex and dynamic interactions between tumour cells, stromal cells and the extracellular environment. Novel in vitro models that can recapitulate the tumour are essential in increasing our understanding of liver cancer. Herein, primary liver cancer-derived organoids have opened up new avenues due to their patient-specificity, self-organizing ability and potential recapitulation of many of the tumour properties. Organoids are solely of epithelial origin, but incorporation into co-culture models can enable the investigation of the cellular component of the tumour microenvironment. However, the extracellular component also plays a vital role in cancer progression and representation is lacking within current in vitro models. In this review, organoid technology is discussed in the context of liver cancer models through comparisons to other cell culture systems. In addition, the role of the tumour extracellular environment in primary liver cancer will be highlighted with an emphasis on its importance in in vitro modelling. Converging novel organoid-based models with models incorporating the native tumour microenvironment could lead to experimental models that can better recapitulate liver tumours in vivo.

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Дисертації з теми "Tumour environment"

1

Morgan, Joanne. "The role of CD55 in the tumour environment." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275151.

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2

Joseph, Adrian. "Optimising polymersomes for imaging tumour and its environment." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7458/.

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Polymersomes are nano-meter sized vesicles made by the self assembly of amphiphilic co-polymers in water. This work presents the development of polymersomes as a tool for high resolution in vivo optical imaging. High resolution Intra Vital Microscopy (IVM) was made possible by the use of the Window Chamber (WC), a surgical procedure which allows observation of living tissues through an optically transparent glass replacing a section of skin. WC can be used to observe tumour growth and tumour vasculature development (angiogenesis). High resolution imaging of angiogenesis in vivo with polymersomes can give an useful insight in mechanism of angiogenesis, tumour response to anti-angiogenic therapy and the rationale behind the design of polymersomes for speci�c tumour targeting in therapy. In this work we optimised a number of techniques and tools to characterise the interactions of two diff�erent polymersome formulation with three cell types relevant to the tumour microenvironment: tumour cells Mouse Fibrosarcoma Cell (MFC), endothelial cells Small Vessel Endothelial Cells (SVECs) and perivascularlike cells 10T1/2. The techniques used included Reverse Phase-High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC), Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) and optical imaging. Furthermore, a flow bio-incubator was developed to study the effect of physiologically relevant flow rates on cellular polymersome uptake. Finally, formulations were tested in vivo to assess suitability for optical imaging and polymersomes distribution in tumour vasculature and stroma. Specific image analysis tool were developed to assist the analysis. The results demonstrated that polymersomes can be used for optical imaging in vivo using a WC. The in vitro techniques developed allowed us to quantify the interactions between polymersomes and cells, and the information gained can be translated in vivo to help predict the polymersomes distribution in tumour. Taken together, the methods and results presented here provide a set of tools based on image analysis that allow rational design of polymersomes for in vivo application.

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3

Zumel, Marne María Ángela 1984. "Environmental factors and brain tumour risk in young people." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668182.

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Risk factors and diagnosis in young people have been little explored, despite brain tumours (BT) is one of the most frequent tumour type in children and adolescents. The purpose of this doctoral thesis is to study 1) the clinical characteristics and symptoms of BTs in young people, based on the international MOBI-Kids case-control study; 2) a systematic review (SR) of the literature on risk of BTs in young people in relation to environmental factors; 3) the BT risk in relation to chemicals present in drinking water and to heavy metals. The analyses of clinical characteristics revealed that the vast majority of tumours were neuroepithelial (mostly gliomas), followed by embryonal tumours and meningiomas. Overall, the most frequent symptoms were headache, followed by focal neurological signs and symptoms, nausea/ vomiting and visual signs and symptoms, being a 4% of the cases asymptomatic. The average time of diagnosis tended to be short (median 1.42 months), though this varied according to tumour type, age and type of symptom. I found many studies that showed an association between environmental factors (including tobacco smoke, pesticides and diet, among other exposures) and BT risk in the SR. Because of methodological limitations however, the evidence about the role of these factors in the aetiology of this disease is still uncertain. Our analyses in relation to water chemicals showed ORs below 1 for exposures to THMs, and ORs above 1 for nitrate exposure, for both pre- and postnatal exposure periods, some statistically significant so. Our analyses of heavy metals showed ORs below 1for exposures to chromium. However, literature is scarce about this association. Overall, this thesis served to fill a gap in knowledge concerning 1) the clinical characteristics of BT in young people, useful to both clinical practice and aetiological research; 2) causes of this disease; 3) the role of heavy metals and ubiquitous chemicals in water. Further research needs on the aetiology and prevention of BTs in young people are provided.
Los factores de riesgo y el diagnóstico en los jóvenes han sido poco explorados, a pesar de que los tumores cerebrales (TC) son uno de los tipos de tumores más frecuentes en los niños y jóvenes. El propósito de esta tesis doctoral es el estudio de 1) de las características clínicas y los síntomas de los TC en los jóvenes, basados en el estudio internacional de casos y controles MOBI-Kids; 2) una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre el riesgo de TC en jóvenes en relación con factores ambientales; 3) el riesgo de TC en relación con los productos químicos presentes en el agua potable y con los metales pesados. Los análisis de las características clínicas revelaron que la gran mayoría de los tumores eran neuroepiteliales (principalmente gliomas), seguidos de tumores embrionarios y meningiomas. En general, los síntomas más frecuentes fueron dolor de cabeza, seguido de signos y síntomas neurológicos focales, náuseas/ vómitos y problemas en la visión, siendo un 4% de los casos asintomáticos. El tiempo promedio de diagnóstico tendió a ser corto (mediana 1,42 meses), aunque esto varió según el tipo de tumor, la edad y el tipo de síntoma. Encontré muchos estudios que encontraron asociación entre los factores ambientales (incluido el humo del tabaco, los pesticidas y la dieta, entre otras exposiciones) y el riesgo de TC en la revisión sistemática. Sin embargo, debido a limitaciones metodológicas, la evidencia sobre el papel de estos factores en la etiología de esta enfermedad aún es incierta. Nuestros análisis en relación con los productos químicos del agua mostraron unos OR por debajo de 1 para exposiciones a THMs, y OR por encima de 1 para exposición a nitrato, tanto en períodos de exposición prenatales como postnatales, algunos estadísticamente significativos. Nuestros análisis de metales pesados mostraron ORs por debajo de 1 para la exposición al cromo. Sin embargo, la literatura es escasa sobre esta asociación. En general, esta tesis sirvió para llenar un vacío en el conocimiento sobre 1) las características clínicas de la TC en los jóvenes, útiles tanto para la práctica clínica como para la investigación etiológica; 2) causas de esta enfermedad; 3) el papel de los metales pesados y los químicos ubicuos en el agua. Se ha identificado la necesidad de realizar más investigaciones sobre la etiología y la prevención de las TC en los jóvenes.

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4

Milojkovic, Dragana. "The leukaemic micro environment : The effect of tumour supernatant (TSN)." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500072.

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5

Nilsson, Wiktor, and Emil Andersson. "Cytokine-induced immune cell migration towards tumour cells in a microchip environment." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-195835.

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The purpose of this project was to study the migration patterns of human immune cells in response to human renal cancer cells. This is useful in the study of different cancer treatments and the body’s own response to cancer. Cancer cells can release cytokines which can be detected by immune cells with the correct receptors. The specific type of immune cell that was studied, was the type of lymphocyte called Natural killer cell, abbreviated to NK cell. These lymphocytes have the characteristics that they can differentiate between a cancer cell and a healthy cell, and then have the capability to kill the cancer cell by different means. On the surface of cells there exist receptors. These receptors can interact with signal molecules in the environment near the cell. In this study the effect on the migration caused by the interaction between the receptor CXCR2 and the chemokine CXCL2 have been studied. This was done by transfecting some NK-92 cells with the receptor CXCR2 and the rest with the receptor NGFR then subjecting them to a CXCL2 chemokine gradient. This gradient originated from human renal cancer cells known to produce this chemokine. The specific cancer cells used was the human renal cancer cell line 786-0 which NK-92 cells are known to have the ability to kill when coming in contact with them. It is because of this trait it is of interest to study if the average movement is altered significantly by this receptor induced movement compared to the control NK-92 NGFR. To determine if a significant difference in preferred direction of migration could be discerned between the NK cells expressing either the receptor CXCR2 or NGFR, two analytic methods were devised and applied. The first method was a visualization of the cell migration in the direction of the chemokine gradient, this analyze had no quantitative properties but served as way to determine a general migration. The second, and more precise method involved 3D cell identification, cell tracing, and quantifying the migration. This method yielded quantifiable results that could be analyzed further. A biocompatible microchip with a small passage was utilized to study the migration of the NK cells subjected to this chemokine gradient. Two different approaches to this problem were made. The first approach was to seed the cells onto the chip in a fluid and observe the migration of the sedimented cells the two dimensional surface the glass bottom of the chip constituted. After several attempts with the fluid approach the conclusion was made that because the NK-92 cells aren’t adherent, fluid flows were found to be the main cause for the most of the NK-92 cells movement. A few attempts were made to stop the fluid from flowing over the passage by utilizing a plug placed in the center of the passage during the seeding of the cells and removed before the experiment, but this was without success. Since this flow made all unassisted migration by the cells impossible, no useful data could be obtained from this method. This introduces the second approach which was to suspended the cells in collagen. In these experiment no apparent movement by the NK-92 cells was observed that could originate from fluid movement but did instead seem to be unassisted cell migration. It was found that in an open fluidic environment, fluidic phenomena preponderated the cells own migration, and in the collagen environment the cell migration was to small to yield any obvious results. The analytic methods devised to trace cells and measure the cell migration worked well and gave quantifiable results. In the 3D experiments these methods were able to trace the NK cells and study the migration of the cells with different receptors.

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6

Ham, Sunyoung. "The role of breast cancer derived-exosomes in the tumour micro-environment." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/208432/1/Sunyoung_Ham_Thesis.pdf.

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The findings in this thesis demonstrate that cancer-derived exosomes play a critical role in the tumour microenvironment, which greatly expands our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cancer progression and metastasis. This research provides novel approaches at allowing improved utilisation of cancer-derived exosomes as diagnostic biomarker tools or for therapeutic interventions for cancer treatment.

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7

van, Wyk Hester C. "An investigation into the relationships between tumour invasiveness, the tumour micro-environment and survival in patients with primary operable colorectal cancer." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8335/.

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Colorectal cancer is the second commonest cause of cancer-related death after lung cancer. Prognostic features of colorectal cancer are important in determining the optimal treatment for an individual patient. The management of colorectal cancer is further complicated by the need to translate prognosis based on morphology alone as the TNM staging system describes only the anatomical extent of colorectal cancer. However, there are other prognostic factors that have impact on disease progression and can be used as adjuncts to the TNM classification. In particular, features of invasiveness of the tumour may be helpful in the identification of an aggressive phenotype of colorectal cancer and were further investigated. The hypothesis of an aggressive phenotype of colorectal cancer was explored; tumour budding reflects a detachment of tumour cells at the invasive front and presumed to be an early step in the metastatic process. As such, tumour budding has received some attention in colorectal cancer as it has been proposed as an additional factor that may stratify patients into risk categories and therefore considered to be a promising prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. Chapter 2 examined lymphatic invasion (LI) and blood vessel invasion (BVI) in context to the feasibility of methods in routine practice with and without immunohistochemistry. Results suggested the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detection of lymphatic invasion as feasible; D2-40 improved the identification of lymphatic invasion and was associated with N stage. Elastica staining improved detection rates of blood vessel invasion was associated with T stage and had independent prognostic value. However, the usefulness of CD31 could not be demonstrated. 2 Thus, immunostaining with D2-40 as predictor of nodal metastasis has potential as a marker of lymph node metastasis in early stage colorectal cancer. The detection of blood vessel invasion appeared to be optimised by utilising Elastica stain, resulting in improved detection rates and improved prediction of survival. Therefore, the routine use of Elastica was recommended. These results also point to the relative roles of lymphatic and blood vessel invasion in tumour progression and dissemination in patients with colorectal cancer. In Chapter 3, Elastica staining in blood vessel invasion was further investigated. In study A, the impact of Elastica staining was examined by comparing two cohorts of patients before and after the routine implementation of the stain. Despite that Elastica staining has been shown to enhance detection rates of venous invasion with improved stratification of risk for patients with colorectal cancer, the Royal College of Pathologists advise its routine use only as a measure of quality control if venous detection rates are below 30%. Results from this study concluded that detection of venous invasion appeared to be optimised by utilising Elastica/ H&E stain that resulted in improved detection rates and improved prediction of survival. The routine use of Elastica/ H&E staining was therefore recommended. In study B, venous invasion in mouse models based on the most common mutated genes of colorectal cancer were examined. Evaluation of the depth of invasion (T stage) was used as an indicator of the extent of tumour growth and venous invasion was used as indicator of metastatic spread. The results showed that Elastica staining can be of use in the assessment of mouse models as it highlighted the elastin in veins and vascular structures were recorded in all models. However, venous invasion was only present in model 2 suggesting the 3 metastatic potential of this model. Therefore, in Model 2 the addition of activated Kras promoted formation of invasive tumours. Kras has a known role in metastatic colorectal cancer. Therefore, Elastica staining can be used to contribute to the current understanding of metastatic spread in colorectal cancer. Chapter 4 examined tumour invasion in nerves as a potential supplement to the TNM staging system. Metastatic spread can occur in nerves however, the identification of perineural invasion can be difficult with routine staining -H&E (haematoxylin and eosin) alone. Therefore, the prognostic role of perineural invasion (PNI) in Stage I colorectal cancer, using immunohistochemical staining (S100) was investigated. No associations were demonstrated between perineural invasion and clinopathological features. However, the combination of venous invasion and perineural invasion (VI&PNI) were associated with poorer overall survival on univariate analysis while age had independent prognostic value. Therefore, immunohistochemistry using S100 improved the identification of perineural invasion however, alone; the prognostic value was limited unless used in combination with venous invasion. These findings suggested that the detection of early metastatic invasion (Venous/lymphatic/perineural invasion- ―VELIPI‖) in Stage I colorectal cancer can potentially be helpful in the prediction. In Chapter 5 tumour budding were further investigated. First, the prognostic value of tumour budding using of the 10HPF (high powered field) method were examined. H&E slides were used and the number of tumour buds was counted using the 10HPF method. An optimal threshold score for the determination of high-grade budding was performed by a ROC analysis using survival as endpoint. 4 The study concluded that the presence of tumour budding was an independent adverse prognostic factor in patients with primary operable colorectal cancer. Therefore, the 10HPF method demonstrated to be a promising method for the assessment of tumour budding in H&E sections and should be considered for implementation in routine clinical practice. Next , the relationship between tumour budding and clinopathological characteristics, tumour micro-environment and survival in patients with primary operable colorectal cancer were examined. Results showed that tumour budding was associated with TNM stage, serosal involvement, venous invasion and a weaker inflammatory cell infiltrate and more stroma. The study concluded that the presence of tumour budding was associated with elements of the tumour micro-environment and was an independent adverse prognostic factor in patients with primary operable colorectal cancer. Specifically, high tumour budding was associated with and stratified effectively the prognostic value of TNM stage, venous invasion and GMS. Taken together tumour budding should be assessed routinely in patients with primary operable colorectal cancer. Further, the prognostic significance of intratumoural budding were investigated, when compared to peritumoural budding in patients with primary operable colorectal cancer. Results showed that intratumoural budding was an independent prognostic factor, as such supporting further studies to investigate intratumoural budding in a larger cohort of preoperative biopsies applicable to routine clinical use. The work presented in this thesis highlights the importance of the additional factors associated with tumour invasiveness and reports associations with the tumour micro environment and local inflammation in patients with colorectal 5 cancer. In addition, this work adds weight to the body of evidence suggesting that the recognition of an aggressive phenotype may improve stratification of treatment for patients with colorectal cancer. The thesis concluded that additional prognostic factors associated with tumour invasiveness can contribute to the current TNM staging systems and have potential to be implemented with automated assessment for future use in routine practice, the implementation of tumour budding should be further explored.

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8

Bhaskaran, Ambily. "Tumour suppressor genes in fish : molecular biomarkers for carcinogens in the aquatic environment." Thesis, Brunel University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286800.

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9

Al-Akra, Lina. "The Effect of The Tumor Microenvironment on Multi-Drug Resistance and the Assessment of Agents that Overcome this Effect." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27974.

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Multidrug resistance (MDR) development is a major obstacle in the fight against cancer, primarily because of the over expression of ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters) such as P-glycoprotein (Pgp). Pgp typically protects cancer cells through the efflux of a diverse range of cytotoxic chemotherapeutics, such as Doxorubicin (DOX). Recently developed novel iron chelators (i.e., Dp44mT, DpC) demonstrate potent anti-tumor activity in these drug resistance cells. However, while the mechanism of Pgp drug efflux and function is known, the intracellular distribution and role of Pgp is yet to be determined. Additionally, the responsiveness to chemotherapeutics has been shown to be heavily influenced by the microenvironment of tumor cells. Thus, exploring these factors would be beneficial to potentially developing alternative agents and treatments to target MDR. This thesis consists of 6 chapters: A comprehensive literature review (Chapter 1 Introduction); a general methods chapter (Chapter 2 Materials and methods); 2 result chapters (Chapters 3-4) describing and discussing the results obtained; a concluding discussion of the findings and future directions (Chapter 5 Discussion) and a Bibliography (Chapter 6).

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10

Visweswaran, Malini. "Implications of the WNT Signalling Pathway for Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Breast Tumour Environment." Thesis, Curtin University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/59066.

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This study describes the various roles adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) play in a breast tumour environment. The ADSC-derived secreted factors inhibit breast tumour cell growth aspects, whereas the tumour-derived secreted factors transform ADSCs into tumour-associated fibroblasts (TAFs). Additionally, it highlights the role of Wnt antagonist sFRP4 and its peptides to further influence the activity of ADSC-derived secreted factors, to downregulate the transformation of ADSCs into TAFs, and in upregulating the adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs.

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Книги з теми "Tumour environment"

1

Bar-Eli, Menashe, ed. Regulation of Gene Expression in the Tumor Environment. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8341-9.

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2

Tumote Youqi zhi, 1991-2008. Huhehaote Shi: Yuan fang chu ban she, 2005.

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3

1925-, Altchek Albert, and Cohen Carmel J, eds. Atlas of ovarian tumors. New York: Igaku-Shoin, 1994.

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4

IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Some chemicals that cause tumours of the kidney or urinary bladder in rodents and some other substances. [Lyon]: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1999.

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5

Menashe, Bar-Eli, ed. Regulation of gene expression in the tumor environment: Regulation of melanoma progression by the microenvironment: the roles of PAR-1 and PAFR. Dordrecht: Springer, 2008.

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6

Familial and hereditary tumors. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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7

K, Dutta S., and Millis Richard M, eds. Biological effects of electropollution: Brain tumors and experimental models. Philadelphia, Pa: Information Ventures, 1986.

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8

1939-, Wilson Samuel H., and Suk William A, eds. Biomarkers of environmentally associated disease: Technologies, concepts, and perspectives. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers (CRC Press), 2002.

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9

1938-, Huff James, Boyd Jeffrey Allen 1958-, and Barrett J. Carl, eds. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of hormonal carcinogenesis: Environmental influences. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1996.

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10

1944-, Garner R. C., and Workshop on Biomonitoring and Carcinogen Risk Assessment (1989 : Queens' College, Cambridge), eds. Human carcinogen exposure: Biomonitoring and risk assessment. Oxford: IRL Press at Oxford University Press, 1991.

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Частини книг з теми "Tumour environment"

1

Hayes, Anthony J., and James Melrose. "Keratan Sulphate in the Tumour Environment." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 39–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40146-7_2.

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2

Francesco, Conversano, Greco Antonio, and Casciaro Sergio. "Smart Nano-systems for Tumour Cellular Diagnoses and Therapies." In Wearable and Autonomous Biomedical Devices and Systems for Smart Environment, 31–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15687-8_2.

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3

Tuominen, J., S. K. Yrjänä, J. P. Katisko, J. Heikkilä, and J. Koivukangas. "Intraoperative Imaging in a Comprehensive Neuronavigation Environment for Minimally Invasive Brain Tumour Surgery." In Intraoperative Imaging in Neurosurgery, 115–20. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6043-5_16.

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4

Yefenof, Eitan. "T Cell Mulfunction in the Tumor Environment." In The Tumor Immunoenvironment, 325–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6217-6_13.

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5

Smits, Daan, and Antoine A. Khalil. "Multimodal Techniques to Study Tumor Growth, Basement Membrane Breaching, and Invasion in 3D Matrices." In Cell Migration in Three Dimensions, 281–303. New York, NY: Springer US, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2887-4_17.

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AbstractCancer-derived organoids and three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix (ECM) are taking center stage as in vitro models to study neoplastic cell behavior, since they recapitulate the heterogeneous cellular composition of tumors and their extracellular environment. In combination with imaging and molecular/biochemical techniques, 3D organoid models have contributed substantially to our knowledge about the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate the growth of tumors and invasion into the surrounding tissue. We here outline a set of protocols that describe culturing of cancer-derived organoids in 3D matrices and various strategies that allow modeling of tumor growth, tumor cell penetration into basement membranes, and invasion into Collagen I-rich ECM. Furthermore, we specify protocols for subsequent handling of organoids cultured in 3D ECM for confocal microscopy and analysis of gene expression at the protein and mRNA level. Although we here use breast cancer-derived organoids, these protocols can be directly applied or adapted for organoids derived from other cancer types or healthy tissues. Thus, in addition to investigating cell behavior of multiple cancer types, the combination of protocols described here may be used to study processes such as cell differentiation and migration during homeostasis and normal development.

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Mirsoian, Annie, Gail D. Sckisel, Anthony E. Zamora, and William J. Murphy. "Impact of Obesity and Aging on the Tumor Immuno-Environment." In The Tumor Immunoenvironment, 223–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6217-6_9.

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Malyguine, Anatoli, Viktor Umansky, and Michael R. Shurin. "Role of the Immunological Environment in Cancer Initiation, Development and Progression." In The Tumor Immunoenvironment, 1–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6217-6_1.

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Röhrle, Natascha, Max M. L. Knott, and David Anz. "CCL22 Signaling in the Tumor Environment." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 79–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36667-4_8.

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Jo, Dong Hyun, Jin Hyoung Kim, and Jeong Hun Kim. "Tumor Environment of Retinoblastoma, Intraocular Cancer." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 349–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59038-3_21.

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Davidoff, Andrew M. "Tumor Biology and Environmental Carcinogenesis." In The Surgery of Childhood Tumors, 19–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48590-3_3.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Tumour environment"

1

Creemers, A., S. Meijer, G. Hooijer, N. Van Grieken, T. Soeratram, B. Ylstra, M. Van Berge Henegouwen, M. Hulshof, M. Bijlsma, and H. Laarhoven. "PO-373 Dynamics of the esophageal tumour immune micro-environment after neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT)." In Abstracts of the 25th Biennial Congress of the European Association for Cancer Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 30 June – 3 July 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.884.

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Visweswaran, Malini, Frank Arfuso, Rodney Dilley, Philip Newsholme, and Arunasalam Dharmarajan. "Abstract 4629: The influence of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell environment and WNT antagonism on breast tumour cells." In Proceedings: AACR 107th Annual Meeting 2016; April 16-20, 2016; New Orleans, LA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-4629.

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3

Klinteberg, Claes af, Antonio Pifferi, Stefan Andersson-Engels, Rinaldo Cubeddu, and Sune Svanberg. "Time- and wavelength resolved spectroscopy of photosensitizers in vivo using femtosecond white light." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cmd5.

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Knowledge on the absorption spectrum of photosensitizing drugs used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) is of great importance to optimise this tumour treatment modality. Many photosensitizers have an absorption maximum used for PDT in the red wavelength region. The spectral width of this peak is usually rather narrow, and the maximum often changes due to the chemical environment. For optimal treatment with a narrow-band light source such as a laser, it is thus important to gain information on the exact wavelength of the absorption peak inside the tissue.

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4

Ma, Na, Ping Liu, Chao Chen, Aili Zhang, and Lisa X. Xu. "Thermal Environmental Effect on Breast Tumor Growth." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206229.

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Tissue hypoxia is a common and important feature of rapidly growing malignant tumors and their metastases. Tumor cells mainly depend on energy production thru anaerobic glycolysis rather than aerobic oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria [1]. Intervening the tumor metabolic process via thermal energy infusion is worthy attempting. And hyperthermia, mildly elevated local temperature above the body temperature, is one of such kind. Previously, after being heated for a short period of time, tumor glucose and lactate level increased and ATP level decreased, which suggested energy metabolism was modified following hyperthermia through increased ATP hydrolysis, intensified glycolysis and impaired oxidative phosphorylation [2]. Many researchers designed experiments to determine thermal dose in hyperthermia [3], but few focused on the relationship between tumor and energy, especially for a long-term local hyperthermia treatment. One clinical trial indicated the effective long-term hyperthermo-therapy for maintaining performance status, symptomatic improvement, and prolongation of survival time in patients with peritoneal dissemination [4].

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Yarmolchy, Y. A., T. S. Chikova, E. V. Emelianenko, and M. N. Piatkevich. "APPLICATION OF RESPIRATORY GATING SYSTEMS FOR DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-2-223-226.

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Respiratory gating systems are successfully used for the diagnosis and treatment of oncological diseases. Their use increases the accuracy of radiation therapy, which is especially important when delivering high doses to cancerous tumors, as is the case with stereotactic radiation therapy. The use of respiratory gating systems systems in cooperation with CT allows you to more accurately determine the position of the tumor and outline its boundaries, which reduces the error in further treatment with radiation therapy. Respiratory gating systems are used in the treatment of tumors of the left breast, since their use reduces the dose load on the heart.

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6

Gao, Zikun, and Xinxiong Liu. "Design of Proton Radiotherapy Room Based on Environmental Psychology." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002126.

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Proton radiotherapy is currently a more advanced tumor treatment method in radiotherapy, which can accurately eliminate tumor cells while reducing damage to surrounding healthy cells. However, anxiety and depression often occur in cancer patients during treatment. On the one hand, it will cause the displacement of the lesion and affect the effect of radiotherapy. On the other hand, negative psychology is not conducive to physical rehabilitation. In this paper, the principle of environmental psychology is used to guide the design of indoor environment of radiotherapy from the perspective of visual and auditory senses. Through the influence of environment on psychology, the purpose of calming the mood of patients and improving the therapeutic effect is achieved, and it provides support and reference for the design of humanized radiotherapy room space in the future.

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Stokol, Tracy, Mandy B. Esch, Nozomi Nishimura, Chris Schaffer, Janelle L. Daddona, David J. Post, and Dhruv P. Desai. "Little Channels, Big Disease: Using Microfluidics to Investigate Cancer Metastasis." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2011-58298.

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The leading cause of death in human patients with malignant cancer is the dissemination of the primary tumor to secondary sites throughout the body. It is well known that cancers metastasize to certain tissues (e.g. breast cancer typically spreads to the lungs. brain and bone), in a pattern that cannot be explained by blood flow from the primary tumor or simple mechanical arrest. Circulating tumor cells usually arrest in the microvasculature of target tissues. At these sites, they must adhere to the endothelium, survive, proliferate and extravasate in order to form a secondary tumor. In vitro tools that appropriately mimic the microvasculature in which cancer metastasis occurs have been largely unavailable. With the advent of microfluidic and nanotechnology, we can now more accurately model the complexity of the microvascular environment, in terms of representative endothelial cells, geometry, shear stress and exposure to organ-specific environmental cues. This talk will focus on the use of microfluidic devices to explore mechanisms involved in tumor-endothelial cell interactions that govern cancer metastasis to organ specific sites.

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Gupta, A., L. Hu, J. P. Gore, and L. X. Xu. "Numerical Simulation of Enhanced Skin Thermal Signature of Female Breast Tumor Subjected to Forced Convection." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-43825.

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Early detection is considered to be the best defense against breast cancer and imaging plays a very important role in screening and in the diagnosis of symptomatic women. Infrared thermal imaging of skin temperature changes caused by a malignant tumor in breast is a rapidly developing detection modality with potential for functional detection. Knowledge and control of environmental factors which affect the skin temperature can reduce misinterpretations and false diagnosis associated with infrared imaging. A bio heat transfer based numerical model was utilized to study the energy balance in healthy and malignant breasts subjected to low velocity forced convection in a wind tunnel. Existing estimates of metabolic heating rates and previous measurements of temperature distributions along the radial direction in a region intersecting a known tumor and a comparable region in the healthy breast of the same patient were used to estimate the blood perfusion rates for the tumor. A simplified structural and thermal model was used for representing the changes within and around the tumor. Steady state temperature distributions on the skin surface of the breasts were obtained by numerically solving the conjugate heat transfer problem. Parametric studies on the influences of the airflow on the skin thermal expression of tumors were performed. It was found that the presence of tumor may not be clearly shown due to the irregularity of the skin temperature distribution induced by the flow field. Image processing techniques could be employed to eliminate the effects of the flow field and thermal noise and significantly improve the thermal signature of the tumor on the skin surface.

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Misak, H. E., R. Asmatulu, J. S. Gopu, S. Zheng, P. Wooley, and S. Y. Yang. "In Vivo Studies of the Drug Carrying Magnetic Nanocomposite Spheres via Fluorescent Molecules." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40266.

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Nanospheres utilized in targeted drug delivery systems have seen much attention, however it is difficult to detect the nanospheres in an in-vivo test due to their nanoscale in size. This is a crucial step in targeted drug delivery to show the nanosphere being concentrated at the spot of interest. Nanospheres developed by oil in oil (o/o) emulsion technique have the advantage of encapsulating molecules, such as 1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH), without damages and chemical alterations. In current study, DPH was encapsulated into a nanosphere as a fluorescing tracer to visualize the nanospheres trafficking in a mouse model of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The SCC tumors were established on nude mice. 0.5 ml of a 0.3 mg/ml solution of fluorcescent nanospheres were subcutaneously injected around the tumor. The injections of the drug carrier system were repeated at 2-day intervals till the sacrifice of the tumor-bearing animals on day 10. The tumors were retrieved for frozen and paraffin-embedded histological preparation. Fluorsescent microscopy was used to image the frozen sections, and compared with H&E stained sections. The fluorescence nanoparticles were easily identifiable under fluorescent microscopy, while typical histology images were unable to detect the nanospheres. The data suggest that fluorescent nanoparticles can be used to identify the location or localization of the nanospheres in an in-vivo environment in a simple and straightforward method that aids in characterization of targeted drug delivery.

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Semeraro, N., A. Errori, B. Casali, M. B. Dontati, and A. Mantovani. "DEFECTIVE GENERATION OF PROCOAGULANT ACTIVITY BY TUMOR-ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGES EXPOSED TO DIFFERENT STIMULI." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643665.

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Mononuclear phagocytes, an integral part of the lymphoreticular infiltrate of human and experimental tumors, might contribute to fibrin deposition within malignant tissues through the production of procoagulant activity (PCA). We have studied the PCA of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in two poorly immunogenic, metastatic murine sarcomas (mFS6 and MN/MCA1); peritoneal macrophages (PM)from tumor-bearing and control animals were also studied, as reference cell populations. TAM were prepared from disaggregated tumor tissue and PM from ‘lavage’ fluid by adherence to plastic.PCA was evaluated by a one-stage clotting assay immediately after isolation (basal PCA) and following in vitro stimulatio.Basal PCA was very low(<1 u/104 M) inall cellpreparations. Exposure of PM from both normal and tumor-bearing animals to endotoxin (S. enteritidis LPS, 1 ug/ml f..), phorbol myristate acetate (PMA,0. ug/ml) or the chemotactic peptide FMLP(10-7 M) resulted in a 10-,7- and 3-fold increase of PCA respectively. In contrast TAM from mFS6 and MN/MCA1 consistently failed to generate PCAin response to different concentrationsof the same stimuli. Treatment of TAM with aspirin (10-3M) did not affect the cell unresponsiveness. Fluorescence microscopy showed that almost all PM were stain ed with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-LPS, while 10% of the TAM were stained. Moreover binding studies demonstrated that TAM had a loyer number of specific binding sites for phorbol esters than PM. These data suggest that the defective responsiveness of TAM to endotoxin, PMA and, possibly, to FMLP is due to the lack or very low expression of binding sites for these agents on the cell surface. The tumor environment may orient the functional status of in situ macrophages in a sense less favourable to the host.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Tumour environment"

1

Burton, Jeremy B. The Role of Lymphangiogenesis in Orthotopic Prostatic Tumor-Environment on Regional and Systemic Metastasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada502513.

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Jefcoate, Colin. Regulation of Tumor Cell Growth by the Mesenchymal Environment of the Bone Marrow is Enhanced by a High-Fat Diet. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada470870.

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Mack, Thomas M. Genetic Abnormalities in Breast Cancer Tumors and Relationships to Environmental and Genetic Risk Factors Using Twins. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada303152.

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Mack, Thomas M. Genetic Abnormalities in Breast Cancer Tumors and Relationships to environmental and Genetic Risk Factors Using Twins. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada393066.

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Malkinson, Mertyn, Richard Witter, and Irit Davidson. Reduction of Reticuloendotheliosis in Foundation Breeding Flocks of Chickens: A Combined Immunological and Molecular Biological Approach. United States Department of Agriculture, February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613026.bard.

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Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) is an avian retrovirus that can cause immunosuppression, growth retardation and tumors. An attempt to define the extent of the economic damage to the poultry industry that it causes is discussed in this report. In addition to losses experienced by commercial laying flocks, reduced rates of hatchability and embryo developmental disorders were demonstrable due to vertical transmission of the virus. I. Eradication of REV In this project a comprehensive national program was applied for the eradication of REV from Israeli breeding stocks by the elimination of antibody-positive birds from the breeding program. The prevention of REV-infected breeders entering Israel was also implemented by serological examination of imported day-old chickens and turkeys for maternal antibody. At the same time commercial breeding flocks in Israel were surveyed routinely to measure the extent of environmental exposure to REV throughout Israel. II. Economic factors associated with vertical transmission on breeders and progeny It was observed that on some poultry farms exposure of breeding flocks to viral infection, if it occurs when the birds are immunocompetent, leads only to a seroconvertion event. In these flocks no differences were demonstrated between the performances of seronegative and seropositive birds. When the F1 generation was selected according to seronegativity of the parents, all the progeny were seronegative, indicating that tolerantly infected birds did not form a significant proportion of the parent flock. In sharp contrast, breeding flocks that became exposed to the virus about the point of lay or during the laying period, shed virus vertically for a brief period of time through the egg. Our epizootiological observations lead us to conclude that the progeny (laying pullets) becomes tolerantly infected and are immunosuppressed as they increase in age. Increased mortality and susceptibility to intercurrent diseases were recorded.

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