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Статті в журналах з теми "U238"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 19 червня 2021

Оновлено: 17 лютого 2022

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1

Матьовка, О. М., М. В. Стець, and В. Т. Маслюк. "Model nuclide spectrum of the Th232, U235 and U238 series." Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University.Series Physics 27 (June 30, 2010): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2415-8038.2010.27.39-44.

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2

Mammadov, Khagani Farzulla, Hajar Nuhbala Shiraliyeva, Elnur Ismikhan Mehtiyev, Ulviyya Salam Aliyeva-Jabbarly, Elchin Ilham Guliyev, Nijat Agil Mirzayev, and Aynur Huseyn Huseynova. "Studying the treatment processes of soil samples from radionuclides." ScienceRise, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2021.001920.

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Object of research: Soil samples contaminated with radionuclides and processes for treatment of contaminated soil. The problem to be solved: Isolation of radionuclides from contaminated soil samples by extraction with weak solutions of acids and alkalis. Main scientific results: Treatment of soil samples contaminated with uranyl nitrate using extraction with weak solutions of nitric and hydrochloric acid, caustic sodium and subsequent washing of soil residues with distilled water is effective process and leads to a more than tenfold decrease in the content of uranium isotopes (U238, U235, U234 and U236) in the soil samples. At the same time, there is a decrease in the content of natural radionuclides (Na22, K40, Zn65, Sn113, Sn126) in the extracted soil samples. An increase in their content in the extract of the analyzed soil samples corresponds to a decrease in their content in the residue of the extracted soil samples. The analysis of the values of the decrease in the content of natural radionuclides in the soil contaminated with uranyl nitrate corresponds to the values of the decrease in their content in the identical soil, but not contaminated with uranium isotopes. The combined extraction with weak solutions of acids and alkalis leads to the enrichment of the soil with nitrates and chlorine-containing compounds. The area of practical use of the research results: Subdivisions of the Ministry of Emergency Situations and Chemical Troops specializing in the study of emergencies and natural disasters can use the results of these studies in the elimination of the consequences of global environmental disasters and incidents that pose a threat to the life of the civilian population and the personnel of paramilitary units. Innovative technological product: The proposed method for treatment of soil contaminated with radionuclides makes it possible to more than tenfold reduce their concentration in the soil. Scope of application of an innovative technological product: treatment of contaminated soil in areas affected by nuclear tests or accidents at nuclear power plants.

3

Winterberg, F. "Mini Fission-Fusion-Fission Explosions (Mini-Nukes). A Third Way Towards the Controlled Release of Nuclear Energy by Fission and Fusion." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 59, no. 6 (June 1, 2004): 325–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2004-0603.

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Chemically ignited nuclear microexplosions with a fissile core, a DT reflector and U238 (Th232) pusher, offer a promising alternative to magnetic and inertial confinement fusion, not only burning DT, but in addition U238 (or Th232), and not depending on a large expensive laser of electric pulse power supply. The prize to be paid is a gram size amount of fissile material for each microexplosion, but which can be recovered by breeding in U238.In such a “mini-nuke” the chemical high explosive implodes a spherical metallic shell onto a smaller shell, with the smaller shell upon impact becoming the source of intense black body radiation which vaporizes the ablator of a spherical U238 (Th232) pusher, with the pusher accelerated to a velocity of ∼200 km/s, sufficient to ignite the DT gas placed in between the pusher and fissile core, resulting in a fast fusion neutron supported fission reaction in the core and pusher. Estimates indicate that a few kg of high explosives are sufficient to ignite such a “mini-nuke”, with a gain of ∼103, releasing an energy equivalent to a few tons of TNT, still manageable for the microexplosion to be confined in a reactor vessel.A further reduction in the critical mass is possible by replacing the high explosive with fast moving solid projectiles. For light gas gun driven projectiles with a velocity of ∼ 10 km/s, the critical mass is estimated to be 0.25 g, and for magnetically accelerated 25 km/s projectiles it is as small as ∼ 0.05 g.With the much larger implosion velocities, reached by laser- or particle beam bombardment of the outer shell, the critical mass can still be much smaller with the fissile core serving as a fast ignitor.Increasing the implosion velocity decreases the overall radius of the fission-fusion assembly in inverse proportion to this velocity, for the 10 km/s light gas gun driven projectiles from 10 cm to 5 cm, for the 25 km/s magnetically projectiles down to 2 cm, and still more for higher implosion velocities.

4

Griffin, Brendan J., Duncan Forbes, and Neal J. McNaughton. "An Evaluation of Dating of Diagenetic Xenotime by Electron Microprobe." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (August 2000): 408–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760003453x.

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Xenotime is an igneous mineral commonly present in pegmatite and fractionated granite. Recent studies reveal that it also forms as a diagenetic mineral. Minute (0.1-5 μm) xenotime overgrowths typically crystallise on the surfaces of detrital zircon shortly after sedimentation, in a wide range of siliciclastic sedimentary units. For example, in backscattered electron (BSE) imaging using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), two minute, euhedral, pyramidal, xenotime overgrowths on an oscillatory-zoned detrital Ambergate zircon are evident (figure 1).Electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) geochronology is a chemical dating method that uses precisely measured concentrations of U, Th, and Pb, and the decay rates of U238, U235, and Th232, to calculate an age for a mineral. The EMPA dating method used in this study to date igneous xenotime and igneous-metamorphic monazite is the chemical isochron method (CHIME). EMPA geochronology is not a widely used technique because of the higher precision of isotopic geochronology.

5

Kondylakis, J. S. "Theoretically and under very special applied conditions a nuclear fission reactor may explode as nuclear bomb." HNPS Proceedings 18 (November 23, 2019): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.2558.

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This article/presentation describes a theoretical and applied research in nuclear fission reactor systems. It concerns with theoretical approaches and in very special applied cases consideration where a common nuclear fission reactor system may be considered to explode as nuclear bomb. This research gives critical impacts to the design, operation, management and philosophy of nuclear fission reactors systems. It also includes a sensitivity analysis of a particular applied problem concerning the core melting of a nuclear reactor and its deposit to the bottom of reactor vessel. Specifically, in a typical nuclear fission power reactor system of about 1000 MWe, the nuclear core material (corium) in certain cases can be melted and it may deposited in the bottom of nuclear reactor vessel. So, the nuclear criticality conditions are evaluated for a particular example case(s). Assuming an example composition of melted corium of 98 tones of U238 , 1 tone of U235 , 1 tone Pu239 and 25 tones Fe56 (supporting material) in a 5 m diameter of a finite cylindrical nuclear reactor vessel it is found that it may result in nuclear criticality above the unit. This condition corresponds to Supercritical Fast Nuclear Fission Reactor case, which may under certain very special applied conditions to nuclear explode as nuclear bomb.

6

عبد الوهاب مجيد محمد, علي. "استخدام طريقة القوائم في تقييم الأثر البيئي للتسميد المعدني المتعاقب على تراكم بعض العناصر الملوثة الثقيلة والمشعة في ترب ناحية الراشدية". Journal of Education College Wasit University 1, № 44 (29 серпня 2021): 253–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/eduj.vol1.iss44.2290.

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لقد تم استخدام طريقة القوائم في تقييم الأثر البيئي للتسميد المعدني المتعاقب على تراكم بعض العناصر الثقيلة والمشعة في التربة والنباتات النامية في ناحية الراشدية ، إذ قام الباحث بجمع عدة عينات من الأسمدة المعدنية الشائعة الاستخدام في العراق وعينات من التربة ذات خواص كيميائية وفيزيائية مختلفة ، فضلاً عن النباتات النامية وكان نبات الطماطم نموذجاً خلال فترات زمنية مختلفة من الاستزراع ، إذ أظهرت نتائج التحليلات الإحصائية وجود فروقات عالية المعنوية بين معدلات تراكم العناصر الثقيلة مع اختلاف فترات الاستزراع ونوع التربة ، كما أشارت النتائج إلى وجود علاقة ارتباط قوية عند مستوى معنوية (5 %) بين محتوى التربة من العناصر الثقيلة وفترة الاستزراع وتركيزها في النباتات النامية فيها، وبينت النتائج أيضا وجود تأثير معنوي لنوع السماد المستخدم والمضاف لتربة في قيم محتواه من العناصر الثقيلة والمشعة الملوثة Pb ) ، Ni ، U238 ، ( Th232 ( *) إذ وجدت فروق معنوية بين محتوى الأسمدة النتروجينية والفوسفاتية والبوتاسية من تلك العناصر ، وبصورة عامة يمكن ترتيب محتوى الأسمدة من العناصر الملوثة الثقيلة ( Pb، Ni) على النحو التالي MAP < NPK < DAP < TSP ) ) ومن العناصر المشعة (U238 ، Th232) على النحو التالي NPK < MAP < DAP < TSP ) ) ، وبين اختبار التحليل لمجموعة واسعة من الأسمدة المعدنية الصناعية المنتجة إن بعض اسمدة الفوسفات ومغذيات العناصر الصغرى والصخر الفوسفاتي تحتوي على مستويات مرتفعة من الكادميوم والزرنيخ والرصاص واليورانيوم والثوريوم مقارنة مع أنواع الاسمدة الأخرى كالأسمدة النتروجينية والبوتاسية والجبسية . ( * ) ( TSP سماد السوبر فوسفات ، DAP سماد فوسفات الامونيوم الثنائي ، NPK الأسمدة المركبة ، MAP سماد الامونيوم الاحادي ) .

7

Kamil, Dalia Khawwam, and ,. Asma Ahmad Aziz. "Determination of radionuclide concentrations in cigarette tobacco by using Thallium-doped NaI (TI) scintillate technique." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 25, no. 2 (March 17, 2020): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/j.v25i2.961.

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This study includes the determination of natural and industrial radionuclides concentrations in different samples of cigarette tobacco. The radionuclides are U238, Th332 series and K40, as well as industrial radionuclides of Cs137.Radiation risk coefficients were calculated. The results showed that the specific activity rates of Ra226, Bi207, Ac228, K40, and Cs137 were within the global limit. The radiological hazard radium equivalent Raeq , intake dose (Dɣ), annual effective dose for external and internal exposure (AEDEout and AEDEin), health risk external and internal hazard indices data (Hex and Hin) and gamma risk radiation were all lower than the allowable global limits http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.25.2020.033

8

Aryanto, Noor Cahyo Dwi, Lili Sarmili, Emmy Suparka, and Haryadi Permana. "Karakteristik Intensitas Radioaktivitas Batuan dan Sedimen Terpilih di Pantai Sedau, Kalimantan Barat." EKSPLORIUM 36, no. 2 (November 30, 2015): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/eksplorium.2015.36.2.2773.

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Intensitas pancaran unsur radioaktif berdasarkan data aktivitas batuan dan aktivitas pancaran ß serbuk di Pantai Sedau dilakukan menggunakan metode analisis Spektrometer Gamma dan alat cacah ß terhadap sembilan contoh sedimen dan batuan. Intensitas radioaktif batuan memperlihatkan kisaran U238 dari 0,1202 ± 0,008 Bq/25gr hingga 0,4348 ± 0,005 Bq/25gr; Th232 0,0768 ± 0,005 Bq/25gr hingga 0,4812 ± 0,015 Bq/25gr; sedangkan intensitas gross gammanya berkisar dari 1,0503 ± 0,029 Bq/25gr hingga 5,6433 ± 0,273 Bq/25gr. Semua contoh yang memiliki intensitas unsur radioaktif untuk aktivitas batuan tinggi berasal dari batuan yang sama (monzogranit), yaitu di lokasi SKP08-04. Hasil yang sama pada pancaran ß serbuknya yang memperlihatkan aktivitas ß gross tertinggi juga terjadi di lokasi SKP08-04 pada batuan monzogranit dengan intensitas paparan 0,370 ± 0,025 Bq/25gr. Berdasarkan pengamatan petrografi, monzogranit di SKP08-04 memperlihatkan pelimpahan feldspar dengan kondisi yang relatif belum teralterasi sedangkan berdasarkan analisis geokimia memperlihatkan afinitas berupa seri kalk-alkali yang tinggi potasium. The intensity of the radioactive elements based on the rock activity data and ß powder emission activity on Sedau Coast were done using Gamma Spectrometer analysis method and ß detector to the nine samples of sediment and rocks. Radioactive intensity of U238 in rocks showed a range from 0.1202 ± 0.008 Bq/ 25gr to 0.4348 ± 0.005 Bq/ 25gr; Th232 0.0768 ± 0.005 Bq/ 25gr to 0.4812 ± 0.015 Bq/ 25gr; while the gross gamma intensity ranged from 1.0503 ± 0.029 Bq/ 25gr to 5.6433 ± 0.273 Bq/25gr. All the sample that has high intensity of radioactive element, occurs in the same rock (monzogranite) which is from samples in location SKP08-04. The same results in the emission of ß powder, which showed the highest gross ß activity also occurs in the rocks monzogranite (SKP08-04) with exposure intensity was 0.370 ± 0.025 Bq/25gr. Based on petrographic observations, monzogranite in SKP08-04 showed the presence of abundant feldspar with the condition which relatively not altered, whereas the affinity based on geochemical analysis showed a calc-alkaline series of high potassium.

9

Jahnke, U., G. Ingold, D. Hilscher, M. Lehmann, E. Schwinn, and P. Zank. "Violence of Heavy-Ion Reactions from Neutron Multiplicity: (11 to 20)A-MeVNe20+U238." Physical Review Letters 57, no. 2 (July 14, 1986): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.57.190.

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10

Ariani, Menik, Zaki Su’ud, and Fiber Monado. "Design of Gas-Cooled Fast Reactor 600MWth with Natural Uranium As Fuel Circle Input." Jurnal ILMU DASAR 14, no. 1 (January 3, 2013): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jid.v14i1.476.

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This article presents the conceptual design of gas-cooled fast reactor (helium), the small size of the long-lived 600 MWth. Early stages of the design is to determine the geometry of the terrace, the value of the volume fraction and the mass fraction of fuel, cladding and coolant structure to calculate the parameters of reactivity, burnup, power distribution and density changes nuclides U238 and Pu239. The calculation is done using SRAC-CITATION code. SRAC code with JENDL-3.2 Data nuclides produced macroscopic cross section values for the eight energy group. Multi-group numerical solution of diffusion equations for 2-D geometry terrace RZ performed by CITATION code. The study results showed that the scheme Modified CANDLE, thermal power output is 600 MWth, with a fuel cycle for 10 years. This reactor has the advantage of requiring only the input of natural uranium in the fuel cycle, without the need for enrichment processes that affect the economic value. Keywords : Reactor, natural uranium, modified candle, burnup

11

Martins, J. B., E. L. Moreira, O. A. P. Tavares, J. L. Vieira, L. Casano, A. D’Angelo, C. Schaerf, M. L. Terranova, D. Babusci, and B. Girolami. "Absolute photofission cross section ofAu197,Pbnat,Bi209,Th232,U238, andU235nuclei by 69-MeV monochromatic and polarized photons." Physical Review C 44, no. 1 (July 1, 1991): 354–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.44.354.

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12

Ahmad, S., S. S. Hussain, Mehboob Sadiq, M. Shafiq, A. Waheed, and M. Zakaullah. "Enhanced and reproducible neutron emission from a plasma focus with pre-ionization induced by depleted uranium (U238)." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 48, no. 6 (April 24, 2006): 745–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/48/6/003.

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13

Winterberg, F. "Autocatalytic Fusion-Fission Burn in the Focus of Two Magnetically Insulated Transmission Lines." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 58, no. 11 (November 1, 2003): 612–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2003-1103.

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A configuration made up of two nested magnetically insulated transmission lines, the inner one carrying a high voltage lower current - and the outer one a high current lower voltage - pulse, was in a previous communication proposed for the ignition of a magnetic field assisted thermonuclear detonation wave. Unlike the fast ignition concept, it does not require the compression of the DT fusion fuel to densities in excess of the solid state. Here I show that with the same configuration, but by surrounding the DT fusion fuel with a blanket of solid U238, Th232 or B10, the ignition of a thermonuclear detonation wave is possible with densities of the DT fuel less than solid state densities, because the DT fusion neutrons can make a sufficient number of fission reactions, greatly increasing the pressure in the blanket, compressing the DT to high densities, launching a magnetic field assisted thermonuclear detonation wave. This autocatalytic fusion-fission burn has the further advantage that it can burn natural uranium, thorium and even boron.

14

Han, Yinlu. "Erratum to: “The double differential cross section for n+U238 reaction” [Nucl. Phys. A 780 (2006) 34–51]." Nuclear Physics A 802, no. 1-4 (April 2008): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2008.01.018.

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15

Vozniakovskii, Alexander, Sergey Kidalov, Aleksei Vozniakovskii, Anatoly Karmanov, Ludmila Kocheva, and Natalia Rachkova. "Carbon nanomaterials based on plant biopolymers as radionuclides sorbent." Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures 28, no. 3 (March 3, 2020): 238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1536383x.2019.1686627.

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The technogenic human activities associated with the operation of nuclear power facilities lead to the contamination of natural water bodies and soils with radioactive substances, including heavy radionuclides, such as uranium and thorium. Purification of natural water bodies is a pressing environmental issue. A study of the adsorption capacity for heavy U238 and Th232 radionuclides by the samples of new carbon nanomaterials was conducted. Nanocarbon materials was synthesized based on vegetal polymers, such as technical lignin, starch and from lignocellulosic material—the bark. It was established that the investigated samples have different sorption indices in relation to radionuclides, which is determined by their chemical composition, as well as by the surface-capillary properties of carbonized materials. It is shown that the content of mobile and fixed forms of radionuclides on the investigated sorbents are significantly different. High sorption capacity of the carbonated lignin sample with respect to uranium are shown. A sample of nanocarbon materials synthesized based on the lignocellulosic complex of the bark exhibits high sorption properties in relation to thorium. The possibility of using the carbonic nanomaterial as the sorbents of radionuclides is shown.

16

Do Carmo, Everton Crivoi, Allan Inoue, Cesar Cavinato Cal Abad, Frederico Antonio dos Santos Andrade, Valmor Tricoli, and Renato Barroso. "Pacing strategy during Olympic Cross-Country Mountain Bike: effects of performance level, age and sex." Journal of Science and Cycling 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.28985/0620.jsc.04.

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Objectives: the aim of the present study was to verify the pacing strategy during a season of a Cross-Country Mountain Bike (XCO-MTB) and the effects of performance level, age and sex. Method: Overall, 802 paces in 4 age-sex categories were analyzed: male elite (EliteM; n = 272), female elite (EliteF; n = 170), male under-23 (U23M; n = 247) and female under-23 (U23F; n = 113). Races were divided into Initial Lap; middle one (Middle1); middle two (Middle2) and Final Lap. The athletes were divided into high performance (HP); intermediated performance (IP) and low performance (LP). The magnitude-based inference and the effect size were assessed to check the changes clinically important. Results: it was observed a similar fast-start strategy for all categories. Both HP EliteM and EliteF athletes showed higher speed in Final Lap than LP (EliteM - ES = 0.5; 90%CI -0.8 to -0.2; very likely and EliteF - ES = 1.0; 90%CI -1.4 to -0.6; almost certain). The U23F athletes showed higher speeds in Initial Lap than EliteF (ES = 0.21; 90%CI - 0.1 to 0.5; likely), however in Final Lap the speeds was lower in U23F (ES = 1; 90%CI -1.3 to -0.6; very likely). Conclusion: the fast-start strategy is typically used during a XCO-MTB race independently of performance level, age or sex. HP Elite athletes are able to maintain higher speeds in the Final Lap. U23F athletes used to do a more variable pacing strategy with more aggressive fast-start strategy and lower speed in Final Lap than EliteF.

17

Chang, Jason Oliver. "cenart (Centro Nacional de Las Artes), written by Alpha Decay III (Decaimiento Alfa 3: Fonología de U238 y pu 239): Shinpei Takeda." Asian Diasporic Visual Cultures and the Americas 2, no. 1-2 (March 2, 2016): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23523085-00202016.

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18

Ohtsuki, T., Y. Nagame, K. Tsukada, N. Shinohara, S. Baba, K. Hashimoto, I. Nishinaka, et al. "Mass yield curves in low-energy proton-induced fission ofU233,U235,U236,Np237,Pu239,Pu242,Pu244,Am241, andAm243." Physical Review C 44, no. 4 (October 1, 1991): 1405–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.44.1405.

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19

Bettoni, Daniela, Antonina Marino, Roberto Rampazzo, Henri Plana, Margarita Rosado, Giuseppe Galletta, Paola Mazzei, et al. "Tracing the evolution within nearby galaxy groups: a multi-wavelength approach." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, H16 (August 2012): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314004815.

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AbstractEvolutionary scenarios suggest that several mechanisms (from inner secular evolution to accretion/merging) may transform galaxy members, driving groups from an active star forming phase to a more passive, typical of dense environments. We are investigating this transition in a nearby group sample, designed to cover a wide range of properties (see also Marino et al. (2010), Bettoni et al. (2011) and Marino et al. (2012)). We study two groups, USGC U268 and USGC U376 located in different regions of the Leo cloud, through a photometric and kinematic characterization of their member galaxies. We revisit the group membership, using results from recent red-shift surveys, and we investigate their substructures. U268, composed of 10 catalogued members and 11 new added members, has a small fraction (~24%) of early-type galaxies (ETGs). U376 has 16 plus 8 new added members, with ~38% of ETGs. We find the significant substructuring in both groups suggesting that they are likely accreting galaxies. U268 is located in a more loose environment than U376. For each member galaxy, broad band integrated and surface photometry have been obtained in far-UV (FUV) and near-UV (NUV) with GALEX, and in u, g, r, i, z (SDSS) bands. Hα imaging and 2D high resolution kinematical data have been obtained using PUMA Scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer at the 2.12 m telescope in San Pedro Mártir (Baja California, México). We improved the galaxy classification and we detected morphological and kinematical distortions that may be connected to either on-going and/or past interaction/accretion events or environmental induced secular evolution. U268 appears more active than U376, with a large fraction of galaxies showing interaction signatures (60% vs. 13%). The presence of bars among late-type galaxies is ~10% in U268 and 29% in U376. The cumulative distribution of (FUV - NUV) colors of galaxies in U268 is significantly different (bluer) than that of U376's galaxies. Most (80%) of the early-type members in U376 inhabits the red sequence, a large fraction of galaxies, of different morphological types, are located in the green valley, while the blue sequence is under-populated with respect to U268.

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Leo, Peter, James Spragg, Iñigo Mujika, Andrea Giorgi, Dan Lorang, Dieter Simon, and Justin S. Lawley. "Power Profiling, Workload Characteristics, and Race Performance of U23 and Professional Cyclists During the Multistage Race Tour of the Alps." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 16, no. 8 (August 1, 2021): 1089–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2020-0381.

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the power profile, internal and external workloads, and racing performance between U23 and professional cyclists and between varying rider types across 2 editions of a professional multistage race. Methods: Nine U23 cyclists from a Union Cycliste Internationale “Continental Team” (age 20.8 [0.9] y; body mass 71.2 [6.3] kg) and 8 professional cyclists (28.1 [3.2] y; 63.0 [4.6] kg) participated in this study. Rider types were defined as all-rounders, general classification (GC) riders, and domestiques. Data were collected during 2 editions of a 5-day professional multistage race and split into the following 4 categories: power profile, external and internal workloads, and race performance. Results: The professional group, including domestiques and GC riders, recorded higher relative power profile values after certain amounts of total work (1000–3000 kJ) than the U23 group or all-rounders (P ≤ .001–.049). No significant differences were found for external workload measures between U23 and professional cyclists, nor among rider types. Internal workloads were higher in U23 cyclists and all-rounders (P ≤ .001–.043) compared with professionals, domestiques, and GC riders, respectively. The power profile significantly predicted percentage general classification and Union Cycliste Internationale points (R2 = .90–.99), whereas external and internal workloads did not. Conclusion: These findings reveal that the power profile represents a practical tool to discriminate between professionals and U23 cyclists as well as rider types. The power profile after 1000 to 3000 kJ of total work could be used by practitioners to evaluate the readiness of U23 cyclists to move into the professional ranks, as well as differentiate between rider types.

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Martín Barrero, Alberto, and Francisco Ignacio Martínez Cabrera. "El efecto de la edad relativa en la formación y promoción de jugadores de fútbol U23." Sportis. Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physical Education and Psychomotricity 7, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): 344–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2021.7.3.7594.

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El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el efecto de la edad relativa en los jugadores de fútbol de los equipos U23 de LaLiga Santander, su influencia en las diferentes demarcaciones y la relación con la promoción de jugadores de equipos U23 a clubes de fútbol profesional. Se analizaron los jugadores (n=438), de un total de 20 equipos de categoría U23 durante la temporada 2018-2019 y se contabilizaron aquellos jugadores que llegaban a la élite en las siguientes 3 temporadas. Para analizar el efecto de la edad relativa (RAE), se utilizó la prueba estadística Chi cuadrado para comparar la distribución de los meses del año por trimestres y semestres atendiendo al mes de nacimiento de los jugadores. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas (p<0.05) en la comparación del número de jugadores que llegaban a la élite según los trimestres o semestres del año favorable a los futbolistas nacidos en los primeros meses del año. Estos resultados mostraron como tanto los jugadores que componían los equipos U23 como aquellos que llegaban a jugar a alto nivel en los siguientes 3 años estaban condicionados por el efecto de la edad relativa, es decir, por el mes de su nacimiento. En cuanto a la demarcación, tan solo los porteros, no estaban influenciados por el efecto del RAE. Dicho esto, se podría señalar que hay influencia de la edad relativa sobre el porcentaje de jugadores que llegan a jugar en equipos U23 y en alto nivel.

22

Sun, Yunming, and Joe Conner. "The U28 ORF of human herpesvirus-7 does not encode a functional ribonucleotide reductase R1 subunit." Journal of General Virology 80, no. 10 (October 1, 1999): 2713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-80-10-2713.

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Herpesvirus ribonucleotide reductases, essential for the de novo synthesis of viral DNA, are composed of two non-identical subunits, termed R1 and R2. The U28 ORF from human herpesvirus-7 has been classified, by sequence comparisons, as a homologue of the R1 subunit from ribonucleotide reductase but no R2 ORF is present. Detailed analysis of the U28 amino acid sequence indicated that a number of essential R1 catalytic residues are absent. Cloning and expression of the U28 protein in E. coli and its subsequent characterization in subunit interaction and enzyme activity assays confirmed that it is not a functional equivalent of a herpesvirus R1. In the absence of the R2 gene, we propose that the R1 ORF has evolved a distinct, as yet unidentified, function not only in human herpesvirus-7 but also in other human betaherpesviruses.

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Milian Lorenzo, Daniel Evelio, Daniel Milian Pérez, Lorena Pilar Rodríguez García, Jesús Salomón Llanes, Carlos Alberto Brayner de Oliveira Lira, Manuel Cadavid Rodríguez, and Carlos Rafael García Hernández. "Study of Thorium Fuel Cycles for Light Water Reactor VBER-150." International Journal of Nuclear Energy 2013 (December 23, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/491898.

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The main objective of this paper is to examine the use of thorium-based fuel cycle for the transportable reactors or transportable nuclear power plants (TNPP) VBER-150 concept, in particular the neutronic behavior. The thorium-based fuel cycles included Th232+Pu239, Th232+U233, and Th232+U and the standard design fuel UOX. Parameters related to the neutronic behavior such as burnup, nuclear fuel breeding, MA stockpile, and Pu isotopes production (among others) were used to compare the fuel cycles. The Pu transmutation rate and accumulation of Pu with MA in the spent fuel were compared mutually and with an UOX open cycle. The Th232+U233 fuel cycle proved to be the best cycle for minimizing the production of Pu and MA. The neutronic calculations have been performed with the well-known MCNPX computational code, which was verified for this type of fuel performing calculation of the IAEA benchmark announced by IAEA-TECDOC-1349.

24

Nyman, May, Mark A. Rodriguez, and Todd M. Alam. "The U28 Nanosphere: What's Inside?" European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2011, no. 14 (March 4, 2011): 2197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejic.201001355.

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25

Kailas, S., R. Vandenbosch, A. Charlop, S. J. Luke, D. Prindle, and S. Van Verst. "Fission angular distributions for the systemsBe9+232Th,U235." Physical Review C 42, no. 5 (November 1, 1990): 2239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.42.2239.

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26

Lutz, Jean A. "Attitude toward the Editing Process: Theory, Research and Pedagogy." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 16, no. 1 (January 1986): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/w7ku-337w-tg20-u2h8.

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27

Jarolmen, Joann. "A Comparison of the Grief Reaction of Children and Adults: Focusing on Pet Loss and Bereavement." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 37, no. 2 (January 1, 1998): 133–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/h937-u230-x7d9-cvkh.

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Based on the fact that the human-animal bond has existed through recorded history and researchers are now beginning to explore humans' reactions to its loss, this study attempts to answer the following questions: Does human attachment to a pet vary with age/stage of development? Does grief vary by age/stage of development? Does the length and intensity of grief change if the loss was anticipated or sudden? The purpose of this study is to understand attachment and bereavement/loss in children and adolescents as compared to adults. The “Pet Attachment Survey,” the “Grief Experience Inventory,” and “Questions for Each Person in the Study” were the instruments used in this study. The participants included 106 children, 57 adolescents, and 270 adults who had lost their pets within a twelve-month interval. The findings suggest that children and adolescents have similar attachments to their pets. Children grieved more than adults in this study. Anticipated grief partially helped participants to allay the grief response.

28

Kim, Sehwan, Jonnie H. McLeod, and Carl Shantzis. "A Short-Term Outcome Evaluation of the “I'M Special” Drug Abuse Prevention Program: A Revisit Using Scat Inventory." Journal of Drug Education 20, no. 2 (June 1990): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ep82-l54m-u2j8-6pbj.

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29

Florian, Victor, and Mario Mikulincer. "The Impact of Death-Risk Experiences and Religiosity on the Fear of Personal Death: The Case of Israeli Soldiers in Lebanon." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 26, no. 2 (March 1993): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/5fdn-uq53-dar8-u283.

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The current study attempts to investigate the impact of death-risk experience (life-threatening experiences of Israeli soldiers who served in Lebanon after the 1982 Lebanon War) and religiosity on the diverse aspects of the fear of personal death. One-hundred-thirty-four Israeli Jewish male participants were divided into religious and nonreligious groups, and were subdivided into three groups according to the encounter with a death-risk experience in the last three months. One group served in Lebanon and was involved in threatening activities; a second group served in Lebanon, but was not exposed to life-threatening experiences; and a third did not serve in Lebanon in this period. All the participants completed the Fear of Personal Death Scale. Results indicated that religious participants reported lower levels of fear of death than nonreligious participants. In addition, the exposure to death-risk experience produced elevated levels of fear of death only among nonreligious persons. The role of religiosity and the complex nature of the link between personal experiences and fear of death are discussed.

30

Beals, Ted F. "Digital Imaging in Anatomic Pathology." Laboratory Medicine 32, no. 6 (June 2001): 327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1309/u23n-6n0t-795t-x65b.

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31

Sno, Herman N., Jitschak G. Storosum, and Cornelis H. Wortel. "Psychogenic “HIV Infection”." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 21, no. 1 (March 1991): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/4bjm-u288-q8kr-jq3c.

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32

Fiskio, Julie, Philip Chen, MD, PhD, David W. Bates, MD, MSc, Ronald A. Schoenenberger, MD, Milenko J. Tanasijevic, MD, and Gilad J. Kuperman, MD, PhD. "A Computer-Based Intervention for Improving the Appropriateness of Antiepileptic Drug Level Monitoring." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 119, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1309/a96x-u9yk-u298-hb2r.

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33

Gonzalez-Cabrera, Ivan, Diego Dario Herrera, and Diego Luis González. "Generalized model for scores in volleyball matches." Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports 16, no. 1 (March 26, 2020): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jqas-2019-0060.

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AbstractWe propose a Markovian model to calculate the winning probability of a set in a volleyball match. Traditional models take into account that the scoring probability in a rally (SP) depends on whether the team starts the rally serving or receiving. The proposed model takes into account that the different rotations of a team have different SPs. The model also takes into consideration that the SP of a given rotation complex 1 (K1) depends on the players directly involved in that complex. Our results help to design general game strategies and, potentially, more efficient training routines. In particular, we used the model to study several game properties, such as the importance of having serve receivers with homogeneous performance, the effect of the players’ initial positions on score evolution, etc. Finally, the proposed model is used to diagnose the performance of the female Colombian U23 team (U23 CT).

34

Gil, Adrià, David Karhánek, Pere Miró, Mark R. Antonio, May Nyman, and Carles Bo. "A Journey inside the U28 Nanocapsule." Chemistry - A European Journal 18, no. 27 (May 23, 2012): 8340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201200801.

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35

Romann, Michael, Marie Javet, Stephen Cobley, and Dennis-Peter Born. "How Relative Age Effects Associate with Football Players’ Market Values: Indicators of Losing Talent and Wasting Money." Sports 9, no. 7 (July 9, 2021): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports9070099.

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Background: In football, annual age-group categorization leads to relative age effects (RAEs) in talent development. Given such trends, relative age may also associate with market values. This study analyzed the relationship between RAEs and market values of youth players. Methods: Age category, birthdate, and market values of 11,738 youth male football players were obtained from the “transfermarkt.de” database, which delivers a good proxy for real market values. RAEs were calculated using odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: Significant RAEs were found across all age-groups (p < 0.05). The largest RAEs occurred in U18 players (Q1 [relatively older] v Q4 [relatively younger] OR = 3.1) ORs decreased with age category, i.e., U19 (2.7), U20 (2.6), U21 (2.4), U22 (2.2), and U23 (1.8). At U19s, Q1 players were associated with significantly higher market values than Q4 players. However, by U21, U22, and U23 RAEs were inversed, with correspondingly higher market values for Q4 players apparent. While large typical RAEs for all playing positions was observed in younger age categories (U18–U20), inversed RAEs were only evident for defenders (small-medium) and for strikers (medium-large) in U21–U23 (not goalkeepers and midfielders). Conclusions: Assuming an equal distribution of football talent exists across annual cohorts, results indicate the selection and market value of young professional players is dynamic. Findings suggest a potential biased selection, and undervaluing of Q4 players in younger age groups, as their representation and market value increased over time. By contrast, the changing representations and market values of Q1 players suggest initial overvaluing in performance and monetary terms. Therefore, this inefficient talent selection and the accompanying waste of money should be improved.

36

Zeiner, Gusti M., Silvie Foldynová, Nancy R. Sturm, Julius Lukeš, and David A. Campbell. "SmD1 Is Required for Spliced Leader RNA Biogenesis." Eukaryotic Cell 3, no. 1 (February 2004): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.3.1.241-244.2004.

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ABSTRACT The Sm-binding site of the kinetoplastid spliced leader RNA has been implicated in accurate spliced leader RNA maturation and trans-splicing competence. In Trypanosoma brucei, RNA interference-mediated knockdown of SmD1 caused defects in spliced leader RNA maturation, displaying aberrant 3′-end formation, partial formation of cap 4, and overaccumulation in the cytoplasm; U28 pseudouridylation was unaffected.

37

Schennach, S., A. M�ller, M. Wagner, J. Haselbauer, O. Uwira, W. Spies, E. Jennewein, et al. "Recombination of free electrons with U28+ ions." Zeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters 21, S1 (March 1991): S205—S206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01426291.

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38

Hooton, Steven P. T., Andrew R. Timms, Nicola J. Cummings, Joanna Moreton, Ray Wilson, and Ian F. Connerton. "The complete plasmid sequences of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium U288." Plasmid 76 (November 2014): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plasmid.2014.08.002.

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39

Ngulde, Saidu I., Umar K. Sandabe, Roger Abounader, Ying Zhang, and Isa M. Hussaini. "Activities of Some Medicinal Plants on the Proliferation and Invasion of Brain Tumor Cell Lines." Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2020 (August 27, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3626879.

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Cancer is a debilitating disease that is on the increase in both developed and developing countries. Anticancer drugs are often expensive, have narrow spectrum of activities, and are associated with toxicities and side effects such as myelosuppression, immunosuppression, gastrointestinal disturbance, alopecia, skin toxicity, and hepatotoxicity. Plants have been the major source of anticancer drugs both in orthodox and traditional medicine. Many of the plants claimed by the traditional medicine practitioners (TMPs) to be effective in the treatment of cancer are yet to be evaluated scientifically. In this work, five medicinal plants used by TMPs in Borno State, Nigeria, were tested against two brain tumor cell lines. Ethanol extracts of Securidaca longepedunculata, Andira inermis subsp. rooseveltii, Annona senegalensis, Carissa edulis, and Parinari polyandra were used. U87 and U231 brain tumor cell lines were used for proliferation assay, U251 cell line was used for the invasion assay in collagen V coated inserts, and U87 cell line was used for the western blot detection of cleaved Poly-ADP-Ribose-Polymerase (PARP). The result revealed that all tested extracts significantly (p<0.05) inhibited the proliferation of U87 and U231 cell lines with the respective IC50 values ranging between 8 and 20 μg/ml for S. longepedunculata and 100 and 90 μg/ml for P. polyandra. The five extracts significantly (p<0.05) inhibited the invasion of U251 cell line at the concentration of 10 μg/ml (S. longepedunculata), 20 μg/ml (A. inermis), 50 μg/ml (A. senegalensis), 50 μg/ml (C. edulis), and 50 μg/ml (P. polyandra). Securidaca longepedunculata extract induced the cleavage of PARP. It was concluded that these medicinal plants have antiproliferative and anti-invasive activities and possess good prospects as source of anticancer agents especially S. longepedunculata which induced apoptosis in U87 cell line.

40

Klusiewicz, Andrzej, Michał Starczewski, Maria Ładyga, Barbara Długołęcka, Wojciech Braksator, Artur Mamcarz, and Dariusz Sitkowski. "Reference Values of Maximal Oxygen Uptake for Polish Rowers." Journal of Human Kinetics 44, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2014-0117.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize changes in maximal oxygen uptake over several years and to elaborate current reference values of this index based on determinations carried out in large and representative groups of top Polish rowers. For this study 81 female and 159 male rowers from the sub-junior to senior categories were recruited from the Polish National Team and its direct backup. All the subjects performed an incremental exercise test on a rowing ergometer. During the test maximal oxygen uptake was measured with the BxB method. The calculated reference values for elite Polish junior and U23 rowers allowed to evaluate the athletes’ fitness level against the respective reference group and may aid the coach in controlling the training process. Mean values of VO2max achieved by members of the top Polish rowing crews who over the last five years competed in the Olympic Games or World Championships were also presented. The results of the research on the “trainability” of the maximal oxygen uptake may lead to a conclusion that the growth rate of the index is larger in case of high-level athletes and that the index (in absolute values) increases significantly between the age of 19-22 years (U23 category).

41

Sutondo, Tegas. "METODE SEMIEMPIRIS UNTUK MENENTUKAN KOMPOSISI ISOTOP URANIUM." GANENDRA Majalah IPTEK Nuklir 11, no. 2 (July 20, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/gnd.2008.11.2.140.

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METODE SEMIEMPIRIS UNTUK MENENTUKAN KOMPOSISI ISOTOP URANIUM. Pada perhitungan desain reaktornuklir, sering diperlukan beberapa variasi tingkat pengkayaan U235. Hal ini akan berpengaruh terhadap komposisi 3isotop uranium utama yaitu U234, U235 dan U238 untuk tingkat pengkayaan U235 yang diinginkan. Mengingat terbatasnyadata komposisi yang tersedia maka perlu dilakukan suatu cara pendekatan, untuk memperkirakan komposisi ke-3isotop tersebut, sesuai dengan nilai tingkat pengkayaan U235 yang diinginkan. Makalah ini menyajikan dasar teori yangdigunakan untuk menyusun suatu rumus semi empiris untuk memperkirakan komposisi 3 isotop uranium sebagaifungsi nilai pengkayaan U235, yang diperoleh berdasarkan data eksperimen yang tersedia. Berdasarkan data yangtersedia, serta kelangkaan data untuk rentang pengkayaan antara 3,5 % hingga 12 %, disimpulkan bahwa untukisotop U235 perlu digunakan 2 persamaan linear yang berbeda yaitu untuk pengkayaan ≤ 3,5 % dan ≥ 3,5 %. Untukisotop U234 satu fungsi polinomial orde 4 bisa digunakan secara baik untuk seluruh pengkayaan dalam rentang 0,711% hingga 20 %, sedangkan untuk pengkayaan yang lebih tinggi (> 20 %), maka lebih baik digunakan pendekatanpersamaan power fitting. Komposisi isotop U238 selanjutnya dapat ditentukan dari komposisi isotop U235 dan U234 untukpengkayaan U235 yang diinginkan.

42

Mammadov, Kh F., H. N. Shiraliyeva, E. I. Mehtiyev, U. S. Aliyeva-Jabbarly, E. I. Guliyev, N. A. Mirzayev, and A. H. Huseynova. "STUDY OF PURIFICATION PROCESSES OF SOIL CONTAMINATED WITH URANYL NITRATE." Problems of Atomic Science and Technology, June 4, 2021, 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.46813/2021-133-132.

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The extraction of uranyl nitrate contaminated soil with weak solutions of nitric and hydrochloric acid, caustic sodium and subsequent washing of soil residues with distilled water leads to a more than tenfold decrease in the content of uranium isotopes (U238, U235, U234, and U236) in the soil. At the same time, there is a decrease in the content of natural radionuclides (Na22, K40, Zn65, Sn113, Sn126) in the extracted soil samples. An increase in their content in the extract of the analyzed soil sample corresponds to a decrease in their content in the residue of the extracted soil sample. The combined extraction with weak solutions of these acids and alkalis leads to the enrichment of the soil with nitrates and chlorine-containing compounds of non-radioactive metals.

43

Ayik, S., B. Yilmaz, O. Yilmaz, A. S. Umar, and G. Turan. "Multinucleon transfer in central collisions of U238+U238." Physical Review C 96, no. 2 (August 14, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.96.024611.

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44

Litnevsky, V. L., F. A. Ivanyuk, G. I. Kosenko, and S. Chiba. "Formation of superheavy nuclei in S36+U238 and Ni64+U238 reactions." Physical Review C 101, no. 6 (June 17, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.101.064616.

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45

Krishichayan, M. Bhike, W. Tornow, A. P. Tonchev, and T. Kawano. "Accurate U238 ( n, 2n ) U237 reaction cross-section measurements from 6.5 to 14.8 MeV." Physical Review C 96, no. 4 (October 26, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.96.044623.

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46

Silano, J. A., and H. J. Karwowski. "Near-barrier photofission in Th232 and U238." Physical Review C 98, no. 5 (November 19, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.98.054609.

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47

Burggraf, J., D. S. Dale, T. Forest, G. Warren, S. Stave, S. Behling, and E. Church. "Neutron-neutron correlations in the photofission of U238." Physical Review C 102, no. 1 (July 16, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.102.014612.

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48

Krishichayan, S. W. Finch, C. R. Howell, A. P. Tonchev, and W. Tornow. "Monoenergetic photon-induced fission cross-section ratio measurements for U235 , U238 , and Pu239 from 9.0 to 17.0 MeV." Physical Review C 98, no. 1 (July 13, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.98.014608.

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Sekizawa, Kazuyuki. "Enhanced nucleon transfer in tip collisions of U238+Sn124." Physical Review C 96, no. 4 (October 30, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.96.041601.

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Fotiades, N., P. Casoli, P. Jaffke, M. Devlin, R. O. Nelson, T. Granier, P. Talou, and T. Ethvignot. "Prompt fission product yields in the U238(n,f) reaction." Physical Review C 99, no. 2 (February 5, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.99.024606.

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